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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Systematics”

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Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021

Data aktualizacji: 13 kwietnia 2024

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1

Persson, Nannie. "Phylogenetic relationships of the "Briza complex" to other members of the subfamily Pooideae (Poaceae) : Based on molecular data from the nuclear regions ITS and GBSSI, and the chloroplast gene matK". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170406.

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Ferm, Julia. "Paraphyly of the Malagasy genus Carphalea (Rubiaceae, Rubioideae, Knoxieae) and its taxonomic implications". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170452.

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3

Thureborn, Olle. "New insights into the deep divergences of Ephedra (Gnetales) using molecular data". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och botanik, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-171411.

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Hovmöller, Rasmus. "Molecular phylogenetics and taxonomic issues in dragonfly systematics (Insecta: Odonata)". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm University, Department of Zoology, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-1065.

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Dragonflies (Odonata) are one of the ancestral groups of extant insects. They represent one of the three most basal branches in the phylogeny of winged insects. The other two groups are the Ephemeroptera, mayflies, and Neoptera, the latter which covers the remaining winged insects. The first paper is about the phylogenetic position of Odonata in relation to the other basal insect clades using 18S and 28S rDNA sequences. It was demonstrated that there are under certain parameters a strong statistical support for a sister-group relationship between Odonata and Neoptera forming the group Palaeoptera. The second paper is about the phylogeny of the Holarctic dragonfly Leucorrhinia. Dragonfly larvae are frequently equipped with spines on the abdomen, with great variation in spinyness between species. From an analysis of sequences of ITS and 5.8S rDNA it was found that spines have been lost at least twice in Leucorrhinia, in the European L. rubicunda and again in a clade of North American species. The third paper is on the subfamily Ischnurinae (Odonata: Coenagrionidae), a group dominated by the two larger genera Ischnura and Enallagma along with several mono- or oligotypic genera. From the presented molecular study, using mitochondrial 16S rDNA and COII sequences, it is demonstrated that Ischnurinae, and Ischnura are monophyletic. Enallagma is not monophyletic, and the genus name Enallagma should be restricted to the E. cyathigerum clade. he fourth paper is a catalog of the genus Coenagrion, with full information on synonymy, type material and bibliographical data. The fifth paper is an appeal to the International Commission on Zoological Nomenclature to suppress the genus group name Agrion. The letter of appeal elucidates the priority of Agrion, and demonstrates why it has fallen out of use. A case if made for why Agrion should be placed on the list of unavailable names, and Calopteryx given full validity.

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Bharatan, Vilma. "Homeopathy and systematics". Thesis, University of Reading, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.414570.

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6

Nam, Sun-Woo. "Tsukamurella systematics revisited". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.399510.

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Caddick, Lizabeth Rebecca. "Systematics of dioscoreales". Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.312537.

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8

Lundberg, Magnus. "Systematics and polyploid evolution in Potentilleae (Rosaceae)". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Botaniska institutionen, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-53967.

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This thesis comprises studies of the phylogenetic relationships in the flowering plant clade Potentilleae in Rosaceae. The relationships were elucidated by using DNA sequence data from the nuclear genome as well as from the plastid genome. In particular, the focus of the studies was the investigation of allopolyploidy, i.e. speciation as a result of hybridization and subsequent chromosome doubling. A phylogenetic method was used for identifying allopolyploidy through comparison of trees resulting from the analyses of different DNA sequences. Five sub-clades were investigated. First, both the sister clades that together contain all of Potentilleae: Fragariinae and Potentilla. Secondly, three subclades of Fragariinae, namely Alchemilla in wide sense, Sibbaldia and relatives, and Fragaria. The aim was to unravel the phylogenetic relationships, including instances of allopolyploidy. Classification issues were discussed in relation to the phylogenetic results. The split between Potentilla (=Potentillinae) and Fragariinae received better support than in previous studies. The phylogeny of Fragariinae was found to be consistent with classifying ten genera: Alchemilla in wide sense (incl. Aphanes and Lachemilla), Comarum, Sibbaldia, Sibbaldianthe, Sibbaldiopsis, Chamaerhodos, Drymocallis, Dasiphora, Potaninia, Fragaria, and also including a few orphan Potentilla species. The segregated genera Ivesia, Horkelia, Horkeliella and Duchesnea were found to be nested within Potentilla, corroborating earlier studies, while the segregated genus Argentina (P. anserina and close relatives) showed an ambiguous position. Plastid and nuclear (ribosomal) phylogenies were compared and incongruences were detected as potential instances of allopolyploid speciation. Five strongly supported incongruences were detected in Fragariinae and four of them were considered to be potentially caused by allopolyploidy. In addition, five supported incongruences were found in Potentilla. Alchemilla in the wide sense was found to contain four major clades, African Alchemilla, Eurasian Alchemilla, Lachemilla and Aphanes. Both Lachemilla and Aphanes were nested within Alchemilla and it was suggested that the name Alchemilla should be used in the wide sense, i.e. including both the genera Lachemilla and Aphanes. The genus Sibbaldia as commonly classified was shown to be polyphyletic in five different places in Potentilleae. Three Sibbaldia clades ended up in Fragariinae and two in Potentilla. A phylogeny of Fragaria, based on a nuclear low/single copy DNA region was estimated. The gene copy phylogeny was used to construct a reticulate tree hypothesizing allopolyploid speciation events. The evolution of Fragaria was shown to have been shaped by polyploidy.
At the time of the doctoral defense, the following papers were unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 2: Manuscript. Paper 4: Manuscript. Paper 5: Manuscript.

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9

Osaloo, Shahrokh Kazempour. "Molecular Systematics of Trilliaceae". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/181996.

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10

Wortley, Alexandra H. "Systematics of Thomandersia Baill". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2004. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:2f3b9a59-19db-4a59-8ea1-984643fc170e.

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This thesis addresses three aspects of the systematics of Thomandersia. Firstly, a taxonomic account of Thomandersia is provided. Secondly, the anatomy of Thomandersia is described. Finally, the phylogenetic position of Thomandersia in Lamiales is investigated and the potential of morphological and molecular datasets to resolve relationships in Lamiales is assessed. Six species of Thomandersia are recognised, based upon previous taxonomic treatments, an assessment of variability within the genus, and a rationale for describing infrageneric taxa. An improved key to species, species descriptions, distribution maps and illustrations are presented. A preliminary analysis of molecular sequence data suggests that previous, morphology-based classifications of Thomandersia in Acanthaceae do not reflect phylogenetic relationships. The floral and wood anatomy of Thomandersia are reexamined in this light and discussed in the context of Lamiales. Unique characters of Thomandersia include a particularly large calycine nectary, expanded placentas, irregular corolla aestivation, and spherical, scaly seeds. Thomandersia is found to share anatomical features with all other Lamiales investigated. Detailed anatomical studies of retinacula, a character shared with Acanthaceae, and extrafloral nectaries, which may be homologous to nectaries in other Lamiales, are presented. The majority of anatomical characters are homoplastically-distributed in Lamiales and therefore of little use for diagnosing monophyletic groups. Morphological and molecular phylogenetic investigations support the resurrection of Thomandersiaceae, a family of isolated phylogenetic position with a large number of molecular and morphological autapomorphies. At the same time, the investigations highlight problems in resolving interfamilial relationships in Lamiales. The ultimate aim of phylogenetic analysis in Lamiales is an accurately-resolved tree with stronglysupported relationships between all taxa. Morphological characters are of limited use in achieving this goal: when a large morphological matrix is combined with molecular data only small, poorly-supported increases in resolution are achieved. The increasing availability of molecular sequence data is expected to make it possible, in the near future, to resolve an accurate, supported phylogeny of Lamiales and elucidate the sister group relationships of isolated taxa such as Thomandersiaceae.

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11

Hadiah, Julisasi Tri Biological Earth &amp Environmental Sciences Faculty of Science UNSW. "Systematics of Elatostema (Urticaceae)". Awarded by:University of New South Wales, 2007. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/39207.

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Elatostema J.R.Forst. & G.Forst. (Urticaceae) is a taxonomically problematic genus of approximately 300 species that is widespread throughout the tropical, subtropical and sub-temperate regions of Africa through to SE Asia, Australasia to Polynesia. Morphological and molecular analyses were conducted to evaluate the infra-familial classification of the Urticaceae, to test the monophyly of Tribe Elatostemeae, to define generic limits of Elatostema and assess its relationship within the tribe, and to examine the current infrageneric grouping within Elatostema. Phylogenetic analyses based on choloroplast DNA sequences of rbcL and trnL-F do not provide support for the monophyly of Urticaceae, because of the position of Poikilospermum (currently Cecropiaceae) within the tribe Urticeae. Although the status of Cecropiaceae is equivocal, there is support for the inclusion of this family in the Urticaceae, with Cecropia and Coussapoa (Cecropiaceae) having close affinities to the Boehmerieae and Parietarieae. The phylogenetic position of Myriocarpa is unresolved, but is excluded from the Boehmerieae, as currently classified. The Elatostemeae is paraphyletic with Pilea placed sister to the Urticeae. Evaluation of the infrageneric classification of Elatostema, based on phylogenetic analyses of both morphological and molecular data (trn and ITS) does not support the current subgeneric classification as proposed by Schr??ter and Winkler (1935, 1936). The analyses support two main infrageneric grouping: (1) a group consisting of Elatostema subg. Pellionia and Procris, and (2) a group consisting of the remaining members of Elatostema (including E. griffithianum ??? subg. Pellionia). The molecular data are regarded as a more accurate estimate of the phylogeny than provided by morphology, with molecular data having a higher Rescaled Consistency Index on the most parsimonious trees, together with a much greater level of resolution and support than that of the morphological analyses.

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12

Mullins, Josef Thomas. "Molecular systematics of Nepenthaceae". Thesis, University of Reading, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.271202.

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The tropical carnivorous pitcher-plant family, Nepenthaceae, is represented by the single dioecious genus Nepenthes. Whilst South East Asia represents the centre of diversity of the group several species have disjunct biogeographical distributions. Due to the highly polymorphic nature of Nepenthes and its distinct lack of discrete morphological characters no revision to date has been able to construct a phylogenetic classification. To address this issue, this study analyses nucleotide sequences from two independent regions, including chloroplast DNA (the trnL-F intron and intergenic spacer) and the nontranscribed spacer region from nuclear DNA (5S-NTS), together with a suite of morphological characters traditionally used to describe and group species. A total of 87 species are represented with the objectives of i) testing the monophyly of the genus and constructing a hypothesis of species relationships, ii) evaluating the taxonomic circumscription of poorly known species and iii) investigating character evolution and biogeographic patterns. In addition, for 25 species, multiple accessions were sequenced. Two artificial hybrids (of known sexual parentage), representing three geographically and taxonomically distinct species, were also included to test prevalent theories of hybrid origin and maternal inheritance. Cladistic analyses of these data strongly support the monophyly of the genus in which the disjunctly distributed species (including the easterly Nepenthes danseri from Waigeo Island and Halmahera) were found to form a grade while the South East Asian taxa form a clearly monophyletic group. Incongruence was found between the phylogenetic histories inferred from independent genetic markers and provides strong evidence to support natural hybridization as an important evolutionary process in the speciation of Nepenthes. The results support an ancient circum-Indian Ocean origin for Nepenthes, indicating the disjunct species to represent relictual taxa, with a geologically recent and rapid expansion into South East Asia. A phylogenetically consistent classification of the species is proposed.

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13

Franck, Alan R. "Systematics of Harrisia (Cactaceae)". Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4044.

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The genus Harrisia Britton (Cactaceae) comprises species of columnar cacti that are united by a unique seed morphology. The species range in form from prostrate shrubs to large trees and are native to South America and the Caribbean region. Harrisia is placed in an unresolved position within subtribe Trichocereinae of tribe Cereeae of subfamily Cactoideae. Relationships among the species within Harrisia are also poorly understood. In this study, several species of Harrisia were sequenced for as many as seven different regions of nuclear and plastid DNA. Species in the Caribbean were also examined with amplified fragment length polymorphisms. The morphology of Harrisia was characterized from herbarium specimens, live plants, and original descriptions. A biogeographic scenario was extrapolated from the molecular and morphological data. The flower morphology suggests a relationship between Harrisia and some species of Echinopsis s. l. However, DNA sequence analyses in this study do not clearly resolve generic relationships with Harrisia. Molecular and morphological data support recognition of two subgenera, four sections, and two series within Harrisia. It is proposed that Harrisia originated in the west-central Andes, ~3.5-6.5 Ma ago. Subgenus Eriocereus is composed of the species in the east Andes of Bolivia and the nearby species radiation in the Gran Chaco. Subgenus Harrisia originated by an early dispersal event into Brazil with subsequent dispersal into the Caribbean. In the last 500 Ka, Harrisia, colonized west Cuba and further diversified into other areas of the Caribbean. Harrisia is revised to contain 18 species.

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14

Wen, Jun. "Systematics of Aralia, araliaceae /". The Ohio State University, 1991. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1487687959964979.

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15

Siedo, Stephen Joseph. "Systematics of Aloysia (Verbenaceae) /". Thesis, View online, 2006. http://www.lib.utexas.edu/etd/d/2006/siedod21650/siedod21650.pdf#page=3.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Texas at Austin, 2006.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 299-308). Also available via the World Wide Web: http://www.lib.utexas.edu/etd/d/2006/siedod21650/siedod21650.pdf#page=3.

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16

Seetharam, Y. N. "Clusiaceae : palynology and systematics /". Pondichéry : [Paris] : Institut français ; [diff. J. Maisonneuve], 1985. http://catalogue.bnf.fr/ark:/12148/cb36651527x.

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Lee, Elvina. "Molecular systematics of cyanobacteria". Thesis, Lee, Elvina (2016) Molecular systematics of cyanobacteria. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2016. https://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/id/eprint/34883/.

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Cyanobacteria constitute a phylum of ubiquitous cosmopolitan bacteria with the ability to perform oxygenic photosynthesis. Their ancient origins, ecological and economic potential, biotechnological applications and impact on water systems have attracted much interest from the academia, industry, health authorities and regulators. Despite this, cyanobacteria classification and nomenclature still remains difficult. One of the aims of this project was to further our understanding of cyanobacteria systematics by (1) testing polyphasic characterization methods and (2) examining the effect of various phylogenetic reconstruction strategies. Additionally, (3) Next Generation Sequencing (NGS) assays using novel cyanobacteria 16S rDNA targeted primers were implemented to provide better taxa resolution than that offered by “universal” 16S rDNA primers. Cyanobacteria strains from various water sources in Australia were isolated, characterised at four loci commonly used for cyanobacteria molecular classification, and tested for the presence of genes implicated in toxin and terpene (odour) production. A total of 55 novel cyanobacterial strains were isolated and maintained in culture, forming the first known collection of cyanobacteria isolates from Western Australia. Comparison of molecular– and morphology– based identifications not only showed the limitations of the current methods (only 45% of the isolates showed agreement) but also provided the opportunity to suggest guidelines and conceive a way forward towards more effective identification approaches. Examination of alternative phylogenetic markers, workflows and stringencies showed that between alignment algorithms, alignment curations and tree building methods, the latter had the greatest effect on tree topology. This result was consistent regardless of locus, alignment and curation strategy employed. Finally, two sets of novel cyanobacteria-targeted primers were designed for use with NGS technologies. As compared to the universal 16S rRNA primers, these primers showed higher specificity and preferential amplification of cyanobacteria and proteobacteria DNA. Of the sequences obtained using these two new primer pairs, cyanobacteria sequences comprised 50.5% and 54.4%, while proteobacteria sequences comprised 44.5% and 40.3% respectively. In comparison, with the universal 16S rRNA primers, cyanobacteria and proteobacteria comprised 15.3% and 33.4% respectively of the sequences analysed. Using morphological and molecular methods, this project provides a snapshot of the as yet unstudied freshwater cyanobacterial diversity found in Western Australia using polyphasic methods. The limitations of the current identification approaches, uncovered during the first phase of the project, were harnessed to develop a method to assess the variability of phylogenetic reconstructions. Finally, novel cyanobacteria specific NGS primers demonstrated how adopting the latest NGS technology represents a promising advance in the molecular investigation of cyanobacteria.

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18

Tsyganov-Bodounov, Anton. "Molecular systematics of Bryozoa". Thesis, Swansea University, 2008. https://cronfa.swan.ac.uk/Record/cronfa43148.

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Forshage, Mattias. "Systematics of Eucoilini : Exploring the diversity of a poorly known group of Cynipoid parasitic wasps". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Systematisk biologi, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-109400.

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Many animal species are still undiscovered, even in Sweden. This thesis deals with the wasps of the subfamily Eucoilinae (of Figitidae, Cynipoidea), a poorly known group of small parasitoids of Dipteran flies. In this group, old classifications are chaotic, knowledge of old taxa is scant, phylogenetic work has recently started, and many new taxa remain to be described. In this thesis, an identification key is given to the European genera of Eucolinae, and a tribal classification of the subfamily is reintroduced, based on recent phylogenetic results. Most of the thesis focuses on the tribe Eucoilini. That tribe is analyzed phylogenetically in two analyses, one based on a large morphological dataset, the other on two molecular markers, ribosomal 28S and mitochondrial Cytochrome B. The monophyletic core group of Eucoilini is the Eucoila/Trybliographa complex. It is treated in a big taxonomic revision, based on studies of several hundred possibly relevant type specimens and several thousands of other specimens, and on the phylogenetic analyses. More than 500 names of possible members of this group are investigated, and many new combinations are proposed, of species found not to belong within the group, as well as those that did, including some which are transferred to other genera in accordance with the new phylogenetic results. The new genus Quasimodoana is erected, and 20 new species described (8 from Northern Europe, 12 from elsewhere). More than 180 new combinations, more than 50 new species-level synonyms and ca 10 genus-level synonyms, are proposed. Within this complex, the basal split is found to have been between a Paleotropic, specis-poor lineage (Bothrochacis), and a species-rich and largely Holarctic lineage, dominated by Trybliographa but also including the small genera Eucoila and Linoeucoila. The three are not satisfactorily resolved in the analysis, but still maintained as separate genera for pragmatic reasons. It is hypothesized that this group originated in Asia during the Eocene or Oligocene, attacking calyptrate flies in herbivore dung. Then it separated in a tropical branch retaining the ancestral life history mode, and a Holarctic branch, where some lineages specialised in Anthomyiidae and colonised the microhabitats of fungi and plants, speciating extensively in the boreal forests.

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Wood, Stephen William. "Systematics of the macrourid fishes". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/263146.

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The systematics of rattail fishes (Teleostei: Gadiformes, Macrouridae) is reexamined focussing on the Coryphaenoides group of genera, including Albatrossia, Lionurus, Chalinura and Nematonurus. The data matrix consists of 69 osteological characters based on personal observations, 17 characters, generally of the soft anatomy, from various published sources and 34 characters reported from peptide mapping of muscle-type lactate dehydrogenase. An evolutionary systematics of morphology requires, firstly, a historical concept of homology and secondly, a scientific basis for the recognition of patterns. Viewing the organism as a hierarchy of constraint, homology is a relationship of development constraint inherited by parts of organisms. Taxa are types, relationships of constraint inherited by organisms. If, from the morphological perspective, taxa are relationships not groups, conventional concepts of monophyly and related terms cannot apply to them. In practice they describe comparisons between trees. The creation/discovery of patterns is embedded in the practice of systematics and has its basis in the intelligent abilities of human beings. Morphology deals with the linguistic aspect of evolution, rather than with its dynamic genetic aspect. Dynamic and linguistic aspects are complementary yet incompatible. The scientific status of morphology is shown to rest on this principle of complementarity. Through cladistic analysis of a large number of published characters, I investigate the scenarios and relationships of gadiform fishes that have recently been proposed. The results of the rattail analysis are thus placed within the broader context of gadiform ecology and evolution. In cladistics, parsimony plays the role of Popper's-empirical concept of simplicity, as a method of estimating the hypothesis of highest empirical support. Assumptions are made about the likely pathways of evolution in the way the characters are coded. Original classifications of the Gadiformes and the Macrouridae are proposed. Within the gadiforms there is a general trend from jaw precision to jaw protrusion. An index of protrusion/precision shows a negative correlation with depth. Rattails show low values of the index indicating high jaw protrusion. However, within the family the trend is towards higher jaw precision, and the precision/protrusion index is positively correlated with maximum depth. The discovery of cartilage in the exoskeleton of rattail fishes was an unforeseen result of the method of preparation. In rattails alcian blue reveals hyaline cell cartilage at the margins of certain dermal elements where it is gradually replaced by bone.

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21

Haye, Pilar A. "Systematics of the Cumacea (Crustacea)". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2002. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/HayePA2002.pdf.

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22

Hall, Veronica J. "Structural systematics of diorganotin compounds /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1998. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09PH/09phh179.pdf.

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Puslednik, Louise. "Systematics of the Australasian Lymnaeidae". Access electronically, 2006. http://www.library.uow.edu.au/adt-NWU/public/adt-NWU20060816.160222/index.html.

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Roos, Marinus Cornelis. "Phylogenetic systematics of the Drynarioideae /". Amsterdam [u.a.] : North-Holland, 1985. http://www.gbv.de/dms/bs/toc/013141155.pdf.

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Wheeler, Benjamin 1969. "Systematics of the Euretidae (Porifera:Hexactinellida:Hexactinosa)". Thesis, McGill University, 1999. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=21663.

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A long overdue taxonomic revision is performed on the family Euretidae (Hexactinellida). World literature is compiled, world type material is gathered, prepared, re-examined, measured, described and illustrated, taxonomic histories and world species distributions are provided. A generic key to the Euretidae is also provided. Of the 19 generic names associated with the Euretidae at one time or another, 16 are recognised here (Bathyxiphus, Calyptorete, Chonelasma, Conorete, Endorete, Eurete, Gymnorete, Heterorete, Iphiteon, Myliusia, Pararete, Periphragella, Pleurochorium, Ptychodesia, Lefroyella and Verrucocoeloidea). Syringidium is put into synonymy with Lefroyella; Joanella and Margaritella are synonymized with Iphiteon; two subspecies and one form are elevated to species status; three new species combinations are presented and two new species are named. Phylogenetic analysis suggests the majority of morphological euretid characters are prone to homoplasy and are not useful for phylogenetic classification. Subfamilies based on channelization and the presence or absence of key spicules are designated.

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26

Longhorn, Stuart John. "Phylogenomic approaches to arthropod systematics". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.429293.

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27

Moylan, Elizabeth Clare. "Systematics of Hemigraphis Nees (Acanthaceae)". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393409.

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28

Starr, Julian Richard. "Systematics of Uncinia Pers. (Cyperaceae)". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.393589.

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Herbert, Jane. "Systematics and biogeography of Myricaceae". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2687.

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Two molecular phylogenetic studies were undertaken to examine relationships within Myricaceae. Analyses of DNA sequences of the plastid rbcL gene, trnL-Fregion and nuclear ITS region showed the family to be monophyletic. In all analyses Canacomyrica, a monotypic genus endemic to New Caledonian that bears several distinctive features such as staminodes in the female flowers, fell into a well- supported clade sister to the rest of Myricaceae. Phylogenetic analyses of ITS and trnL-F sequence data, representing all genera and subgeneric groups, were undertaken using maximum parsimony and Bayesian methods. The following relationships were strongly supported: (Canacomyrica (Comptonia (Myrica, Morella))). The clade containing all species formerly considered to comprise Myrica s.l. was split into two strongly supported clades corresponding to Myrica s.s. and Morella; this finding strengthens the argument for recognition of these as separate genera. Within Morella, two clades corresponded to previously recognized subgenera. Molecular dating analyses were performed using Penalized Likelihood. Close correlations between lineage-specific diversification and major orogenic or climatic events were inferred. This study suggests that much of the diversity in Morella arose during the Neogene and seed-dispersal by birds has been a significant factor in determining the modem distribution. A study of the conservation status of Canacomyrica was conducted using field observations and data from herbarium specimens. This species was found to occur in just eleven fragmented localities: six outside protected areas and three threatened by mining or bush fires. IUCN Red List status of Endangered was recommended. The morphology and ecology of Canacomyrica was studied to enhance knowledge of this poorly known species and provide comparative data for use in a study of the morphology of the entire family. A new classification scheme with keys was presented including, for the first time, Canacomyrica. New combinations in Morella were recommended.

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30

Waters, Timothy. "Systematics of Agathis Salisb. (Araucariaceae)". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497143.

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31

Scotland, Robert Winning. "Palynology and systematics of Acanthaceae". Thesis, University of Reading, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333341.

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32

James, Stephen Alan. "Molecular systematics of ascomycetous yeasts". Thesis, University of East Anglia, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.267723.

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33

Tan, Geok Yuan Annie. "Amycolatopsis systematics : a new beginning". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.247868.

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Isik, Kamil. "Systematics of clinically significant nocardiae". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.389574.

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35

Brown, Susan. "Molecular systematics of Vahlkampfid amoebae". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363946.

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Buchwald, Carolyn. "Oxygen isotope systematics of nitrification". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/114328.

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Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Earth, Atmospheric, and Planetary Sciences, 2007.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 39-41).
During nitrification there is an exchange of oxygen atoms between water and nitrite, causing the [delta]¹⁸O of nitrate produced by nitrification to be closer to the [delta]¹⁸O of water than expected. A series of lab and field experiments were set up in order to quantify the exchange, and then calculate the [delta]¹⁸O of nitrate with these values. The lab experiments tested the exchange in ammonia oxidation, using ammonia oxidizing bacteria, Nitrosomonas sp. C113a and Nitrococcus oceani, and nitrite oxidation using cultures of the nitrite oxidizing bacterium, Nitrosococcus mobilis. The exchange value in the ammonia oxidation experiments could not be calculated because of unexpected complications in the analysis in the [delta]¹⁸O of nitrite. Although we weren't able to obtain a confident value for the exchange we were able to find a way to correct the [delta]¹⁸O of nitrite, for blank and exchange that affects the sample [delta]¹⁸O value for nitrite measured by the mass spectrometer. The exchange in the nitrite oxidation experiment could not be measured because there was full abiotic exchange in the bottle preventing us from calculating biotic exchange. A control experiment was successful in eliminating this exchange by adjusting the pH to a value higher than 8 prior to inoculation of the media during the experiment. In a future nitrite oxidation experiment this change in experimental design would make it possible to measure the exchange during nitrite oxidation. The experiments were a good step toward developing the best way to measure microbially-catalyzed exchange, and hopefully this value can be quantified in future analysis.
by Carolyn Buchwald.
S.B.

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37

Klak, Cornelia. "Systematics of psilocaulon N.E.BR. (Aizoaceae)". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1997. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17246.

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Bibliography: p. 131-140.
On the basis of herbarium, living and pickled material the morphology and systematics of Psilocaulon N. E. Brown sensu Ihlenfeldt & Bittrich is investigated. Thirteen species (including one insufficiently known species) are recognized: P. articulatum, P. bicorne, P. coriarium, P. dimorphum, P. dinteri, P. foliosum, P. gessertianum, P. granulicaule, P. junceum, P. leptarthron, P. parviflorum, P. salicornioides, P. subnodosum. Species of Mesembryanthemum, Prenia, Brownanthus, Aspazom and Aptenia are used as outgroups in a cladistic analysis of Psilocaulon. The monophyly of Psilocaulon is demonstrated. As a result P. rapaceum Jacq. is excluded and transferred to Caulipsolon Klak gen. nov. The position of Psilocaulon and the monotypic genus Caulipsolon within the subfamily Mesembryanthemoideae is discussed. However, relationships of Psilocaulon and Caulipsolon to other genera remain obscure, since no synapomorphies were found to indicate sister relationships. More sampling among outgroups and/or a future molecular study may help to elucidate relationships among the genera of the Mesembryanthemoideae. Geographical distribution patterns for all species and the number of species per half-degree grid square are given. It is discussed how species diversity and geographical distribution in Psilocaulon contrasts with or corroborates existing ideas of centres of diversity and distribution patterns in the Mesembryanthema. Each species is described in detail. A description of the genera Psilocaulon and Caulipsolon is given and a key to the species is provided. Material examined is cited and full synonomy is given.

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38

Tshiila, Aluwani Athalia. "Systematics of Ficinia clade (Cyperaceae)". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/11667.

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Includes abstract.
Includes bibliographical references.
Cyperaceae is a cosmopolitan graminoid family comprising about 110 genera and over 5500 species, represented in Southern Africa by 30 genera and over 500 species. The family is an integral part of wetland and grassland vegetations, a number of species have various local uses, and several species are notorious weeds in agriculture. The Ficinia clade includes five genera, namely Isolepis, Ficinia, Scirpoides, Dracoscirpoides and Hellmuthia. The clade has a centre of diversity in the Cape Floristic Region (CFR), where over 70% (113 species) of the species occur, with several taxa dispersed into alpine areas of Africa, and to Australasia, Europe and the Americas. This study aims to infer the phylogenetic relationships and patterns of macroevolution in Ficinia clade; to estimate the divergence dates and investigate the role of ecology the speciation of sister species of the genus Ficinia; and to revise the taxonomy of the species in the Ficinia indica complex (F. indica, F. dunensis, F. elatior, F. aff. indica R and F. aff. indica MF).

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39

Szubryt, Marisa. "SYSTEMATICS OF NORTH AMERICAN ASTEREAE". OpenSIUC, 2020. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/2762.

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The North American Astereae clade (Asteraceae: Astereae) represents an ecologically important lineage whose species frequently comprise early to mid-successional ecosystems primarily throughout the United States. In the eastern U.S., most species are perennial suffrutescent herbs whereas many in the western U.S. are shrubs or subshrubs, particularly in the Solidagininae s.l. The delimitation of this subtribe, however, has remained unclear as molecular phylogenetics have not resolved whether the Solidagininae s.s. and another clade, the Gutierrezia lineage, collectively form the Solidagininae s.l. To evaluate the relationships among and within these lineages, high-throughput sequencing was employed across the North American Astereae. Highthroughput sequencing was also used to clarify relationships of one taxonomically contentious genus within the Gutierrezia lineage, Euthamia. Additional Euthamia specimens were amplified via polymerase chain reactions for sequencing two loci to increase phylogenetic sampling within the genus. Subsequent species delimitations based on molecular phylogenetics and morphological evaluations from literature were used to model species distributions through ecological niche modeling. Niche comparisons via the R package ‘Humboldt’ further assessed whether the most closely related species differed considerably in their environmental niche occupation. These collectively outlined the distributions of all nine Euthamia species and indicated that hypothetical sister taxa have diverged environmentally for both allopatric and sympatric species.

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40

Rose, Jeffrey Patrick. "The Systematics of Monotropsis (Ericaceae)". The Ohio State University, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1338309433.

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Unwin, Matthew M. "Molecular Systematics of the Eriocaulaceae Martinov". View electronic version of this work, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/send-pdf.cgi?miami1082582823.

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42

Porter, Megan L. "Crustacean phylogenetic systematics and opsin evolution". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd859.pdf.

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Magoswana, Simon Luvo. "Systematics of geophytic Othonna (Senecioneae, Othonninae)". University of the Western Cape, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11394/5699.

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Magister Scientiae
A member of the Senecioneae subtribe Othonninae, Othonna L. is a genus of some 120 species mainly concentrated in the Greater Cape Floristic Region (GCFR) of South Africa, with a few species extending into southern Namibia, Angola and Zimbabwe. The South African species of Othonna were last revised by Harvey in 1865. Consequently many species, particularly in the winter rainfall-region, remain poorly understood. As a start to ultimately producing a complete revision of this priority genus, this study focussed on a group of some 26 tuberous geophytic species. The geophytic species were subdivided into two species groups: (1) the 'O. bulbosa' group with 23 spp., distinguished by a tuberous rootstock and well-developed stem with leaves cauline, and (2) the 'O. auriculifolia' group with ca. 3 spp., characterized by a rosulate habit with a short, condensed caudex.

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44

Macklin, James Alexander. "Systematics of Crataegus series Coccineae (Rosaceae)". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ58405.pdf.

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45

Lee, Sangmi. "SYSTEMATICS OF HOLARCTIC TELEIODINI (LEPIDOPTERA: GELECHIIDAE)". MSSTATE, 2007. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-05232007-092441/.

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Phylogenetic relationships of 25 genera of Holarctic Teleiodini (Gelechiidae) are postulated based on morphology and molecular characters, including CO?I, CO?II, and 28S genes. The phylogenetic analysis of the morphology matrix yielded six equal most parsimonious trees (length 329 steps, CI = 0.38, RI = 0.53) and a strict consensus tree (length 342 steps, CI = 0.36, RI = 0.50) with two polytomies and two trichotomies. The phylogenetic analysis of the combined morphology matrix and the CO?I + CO?II + 28S matrix yielded two equally most parsimonious trees (length 1184 steps, CI = 0.50, RI = 0.41) and a strict consensus tree (length 1187 steps, CI = 0.50, RI = 0.40) that reinforced results from the morphological analysis and resolved the two polytomies and one of the two trichotomies present in the morphology consensus tree. Teleiodini are defined as a monophyletic clade with a Bremer support value greater than 5 in the consensus tree based on morphology and molecular data. Twenty?three clades of genera are defined with Bremer support values provided. An analyses of larval host plant preferences based on the consensus tree for combined data indicates derivation of feeding on woody hosts from genera feeding on herbaceous hosts and a single origin of feeding on coniferous hosts. An area cladogram indicates five independent origins of Nearctic genera from Holarctic ancestors and one origin from a Palearctic genus. The review of genera includes descriptions of imagos, genitalia, larvae, and pupae with illustrations of selected species. A new genus and a new species from Alabama and Mississippi, United States are described with illustrations of imago, wing venation, and male and female genitalia.

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46

Walsh, Denis M. "Systematics of the caecilians (Amphibia: Gymnophiona)". Thesis, McGill University, 1987. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=75669.

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Determining the higher level relationships of the modern amphibian order Gymnophiona (caecilians) poses a number of methodological problems. A cladistic methodology is outlined by which the phylogenetic relationships of this group can be determined objectively. Among the possible sister groups analyzed, which include dissorophid temnospondyls, aistopods, nectrideans, lysorophoids, microsaurs, anurans and urodeles, the microsaurs of the families Gymnarthridae and Goniorhynchidae are the most plausible sister group of caecilians, based on cranial osteology. Hence, the three modern orders of amphibians, caecilians, anurans and urodeles, do not constitute a monophyletic assemblage exclusive of all other groups. Ingroup analysis indicates that the Ichthyophiidae is the most primitive living caecilian family. The cladistic analysis suggests that features of the unique jaw apparatus define two groups of caecilians which diverged, phylogenetically, early in the group's history. Morphometric analysis reveals that elements of the jaw apparatus compose a functional suite of features. Aspects of the development, function, and significance of the jaw to miniaturization of the caecilian skull are inferred from the morphometric analysis.

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47

Hughes, Colin E. "Systematics of Leucaena Benth. (Leguminosae: Mimosoideae)". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.244478.

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48

Anwar, Nadia. "Support for taxonomic data in systematics". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2008. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/471/.

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The Systematics community works to increase our understanding of biological diversity through identifying and classifying organisms and using phylogenies to understand the relationships between those organisms. It has made great progress in the building of phylogenies and in the development of algorithms. However, it has insuﬃcient provision for the preservation of research outcomes and making those widely accessible and queriable, and this is where database technologies can help. This thesis makes a contribution in the area of database usability, by addressing the query needs present in the community, as supported by the analysis of query logs. It formulates clearly the user requirements in the area of phylogeny and classiﬁcation queries. It then reports on the use of warehousing techniques in the integration of data from many sources, to satisfy those requirements. It shows how to perform query expansion with synonyms and vernacular names, and how to implement hierarchical query expansion eﬀectively. A detailed analysis of the improvements oﬀered by those query expansion techniques is presented. This is supported by the exposition of the database techniques underlying this development, and of the user and programming interfaces (web services) which make this novel development available to both end-users and programs.

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49

Al-Zahrani, Dhafer Ahmed. "Systematics of Saudi Arabian commiphora (Burseraceae)". Thesis, University of Reading, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.542275.

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50

Mofidi-Neyestanak, Mohsen. "Systematics of bushcrickets (Orthoptera : Tettigoniidae: Platycleidini)". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2009. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.506164.

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