Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Synthetic Modification

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Synthetic Modification”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych

Wybierz rodzaj źródła:

Spis treści

Zobacz listy aktualnych artykułów, książek, rozpraw, streszczeń i innych źródeł naukowych na temat „Synthetic Modification”.

Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.

Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.

Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Synthetic Modification"

1

Bartosik, Karolina, Katarzyna Debiec, Anna Czarnecka, Elzbieta Sochacka i Grazyna Leszczynska. "Synthesis of Nucleobase-Modified RNA Oligonucleotides by Post-Synthetic Approach". Molecules 25, nr 15 (23.07.2020): 3344. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules25153344.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The chemical synthesis of modified oligoribonucleotides represents a powerful approach to study the structure, stability, and biological activity of RNAs. Selected RNA modifications have been proven to enhance the drug-like properties of RNA oligomers providing the oligonucleotide-based therapeutic agents in the antisense and siRNA technologies. The important sites of RNA modification/functionalization are the nucleobase residues. Standard phosphoramidite RNA chemistry allows the site-specific incorporation of a large number of functional groups to the nucleobase structure if the building blocks are synthetically obtainable and stable under the conditions of oligonucleotide chemistry and work-up. Otherwise, the chemically modified RNAs are produced by post-synthetic oligoribonucleotide functionalization. This review highlights the post-synthetic RNA modification approach as a convenient and valuable method to introduce a wide variety of nucleobase modifications, including recently discovered native hypermodified functional groups, fluorescent dyes, photoreactive groups, disulfide crosslinks, and nitroxide spin labels.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

McKellar, Scott C., Alexander J. Graham, David R. Allan, M. Infas H. Mohideen, Russell E. Morris i Stephen A. Moggach. "The effect of pressure on the post-synthetic modification of a nanoporous metal–organic framework". Nanoscale 6, nr 8 (2014): 4163–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c3nr04161a.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Wang, Hailong, Yinghua Jin, Nana Sun, Wei Zhang i Jianzhuang Jiang. "Post-synthetic modification of porous organic cages". Chemical Society Reviews 50, nr 16 (2021): 8874–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0cs01142h.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
This tutorial review summarizes the recent progress in utilizing the post-synthetic modification to develop porous organic cage-based novel structures and materials that cannot be easily accessed via conventional predesign and synthesis.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Burrows, Andrew. "Synthesis and post-synthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks". Acta Crystallographica Section A Foundations and Advances 70, a1 (5.08.2014): C1222. http://dx.doi.org/10.1107/s2053273314087774.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) are currently attracting considerable interest due to their porosity, and the exploitation of this in a wide range of applications as diverse as hydrogen storage, carbon capture, catalysis and drug delivery. Here we present our recent work on the preparation of functionalised MOFs through two post-synthetic modification protocols. We have used a range of organic transformations including oxidations and tandem modifications involving either diazonium salt formation or reductive amination to undertake covalent modifications of reactive 'tag' groups on the linkers.[1] In addition, we have used a post-synthetic exchange approach to substitute one linker with another. We have compared the MOFs prepared post-synthetically with those that can be accessed by direct combination of metal salt and functionalised linker. We also report on the synthesis and structure of mixed-component MOFs, in which two or more linking ligands have the same structural role.[2] We reveal the role of solubility in the uneven distribution of the ligands in the crystals, and illustrate how the ratio of ligands used in the synthesis can affect the pore structure. Finally we present recent developments in the synthesis of MOFs containing the biologically active molecule deferiprone, and show how this can be released from MOF.[3] This illustrates the potential of MOFs to act as reservoirs for drug molecules.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

OKAMOTO, Hiroshi. "Chemical Modification of Synthetic Rubbers". Journal of the Japan Society of Colour Material 58, nr 5 (1985): 275–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.4011/shikizai1937.58.275.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Uduma, Chinweikpe Kalu, Godfrey Ifeanyi Odo, Chukwu Emmanuel Okam, Kayode Fayisetan Adekunle, Nwosu-Obieogu Kenechi i Gift Uzunma Ijioma. "Synthetic Modification of Sunflower Oil". Path of Science 8, nr 9 (30.09.2022): 1010–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.22178/pos.85-3.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Lechner, Carolin C., i Christian F. W. Becker. "Immobilising proteins on silica with site-specifically attached modified silaffin peptides". Biomaterials Science 3, nr 2 (2015): 288–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c4bm00310a.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Site-specific modification of proteins with synthetic silaffin peptides allows efficient encapsulation in biomimetic silica particles. Variations in silaffin modifications provide control over particle shape, protein load and activity.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Medvecký, Ľubomír, Jaroslav Briančin i Ján Mihalik. "Modification of Clinoptilolite by Synthetic Zeolite". Collection of Czechoslovak Chemical Communications 58, nr 8 (1993): 1782–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1135/cccc19931782.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The sol-gel process allows to modify clinoptilolite by the nucleation of synthetic zeolite. From the viewpoint of methanol conversion, the obtained high Al content nucleation-deposited zeolite decreases the catalytic activity of clinoptilolite. Therefore, it is necessary to optimize the selection of suitable synthetic zeolite as to its composition. Contamination of zeolite surfaces by carbonaceous fragments during catalytic process results from physico-chemical properties of the used and processed zeolite, and according to DTA and TG analysis it significantly affects the readsorption of water vapours and likely also the zeolite activity in methanol conversion.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Pastor-Blas, M. M., M. S. Sanchez-Adsuar i J. M. Martin-Martinez. "Surface modification of synthetic vulcanized rubber". Journal of Adhesion Science and Technology 8, nr 10 (styczeń 1994): 1093–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156856194x00960.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Levinskas, R., A. Baltušnikas, I. Lukošiūtė, K. Baltakys, R. Kalpokaitė-Dičkuvienė i A. Grybėnas. "Modification of structure of synthetic gyrolite". Materials Research Innovations 17, nr 7 (listopad 2013): 495–500. http://dx.doi.org/10.1179/1433075x13y.0000000103.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Więcej źródeł

Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Synthetic Modification"

1

Keenan, Luke. "Post-synthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks". Thesis, University of Bath, 2014. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.619226.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Post-synthetic modification (PSM) of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) has increased in importance in the last decade, as a pathway to access more complex surfaces in the pores and channels of porous coordination polymers. This thesis will describe new examples of tandem PSM processes leading to new functionalised MOFs that are inaccessible by direct synthesis. Chapter 1 introduces metal-organic frameworks (MOFs) and reviews the literature ranging from the basic building blocks to 3-D infinite networks. Post-synthetic modification (PSM) is introduced and a review of recent literature given. The aims of this report are also detailed at the close of the chapter. Chapter 2 contains an investigation into the conversion of primary amino to secondary amino groups in the pores of MOFs via a tandem PSM reaction. The pendent amino groups of [Zn4O(BDC-NH2)3] (IRMOF-3) and [Cr3O(OH)(OH2)2(BDC)3] (MIL-101(Cr)-NH2) were modified to produce secondary amino functionalised groups protruding into the void space. Several crystal structures are described including two obtained for the products of the PSM reaction on IRMOF-3. Nitrogen and carbon dioxide absorption was carried and high selectivity for CO2 over N2 was observed. Chapter 3 describes a new hydrothermal synthetic method of MIL-101(Cr)-NH2 and the modification, post-synthesis, to form halo- and azo dye-functionalised pore surfaces by a tandem diazotisation reaction. Quantitative yields are reported for the conversion to the halogenated frameworks inaccessible by direct synthesis with the analogous dicarboxylic acid. Gas adsorption studies demonstrated increased selectivity for CO2 over N2. Chapter 4 details the synthesis of new MOFs, with the potential for PSM, and crystallographic information is supplied for each new extended structure. The linkers, based on isophthalic acid, (1,3-benzenedicarboxylic acid) functionalised at the 5- position, were investigated with a range of metal salts and the resulting frameworks exposed to PSM reaction conditions where appropriate. By using a mixed ligand stoichiometry in the MOF synthesis reaction, 4,4’-bipy and BPDC have been incorporated into new extended frameworks. A new, simpler, synthetic route to the amino functionalised honeycomb framework [Zn4(BDC-NH2)3(NO3)2(H2O)2] (PNMOF-3) is also reported.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Abdelhameed, Reda Mohamed. "Post-synthetic modification of metal–organic frameworks". Doctoral thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15516.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Doutoramento em Química
Post-synthetic modification (PSM) of metal-organic frameworks encompassing the chemical transformation of the linker present is a promising new route for engineering optical centres and tuning the light emission properties of materials, both in the visible and in the near infrared (NIR) spectral regions. Here, PSM of isoreticular metal-organic framework-3 (IRMOF-3) with ethyl oxalyl monochloride, ethyl acetoacetate, pentane-2,4-dione, 3-(2- hydroxyphenyl)-3-oxopropanal, 2-chloroacetic acid, glyoxylic acid, methyl vinyl ketone and diethyl (ethoxymethylene)malonate followed by chelation of trivalent lanthanide ions afforded intriguing near infrared (Nd3+) and visible (Eu3+, Tb3+) light emitters. IRMOF-3 was used as a case in point due to both its highly porous crystalline structure and the presence of non-coordinating amino groups on the benzenedicarboxylate (bdc) linker amenable to modification. The materials were characterised by elemental analysis, powder X-ray diffraction, optical, scanning and transmission electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, and liquid and solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance. The solid-state luminescence properties of Ln-modified-IRMOF-3 were investigated at room temperature. The presence of the bdc aromatic ring, β– diketonate and oxalate enhanced the Ln3+ sensitization via ligand-to-metal energy transfer (anthena effect). As far as photocalysis is concerned, we have synthesized metal−organic frameworks (Cr-MIL-125-AC, Ag-MIL-125-AC) by a green method (solid–vapors reactions). The resulting functionalized materials show a photocatalytic activity for methylene blue degradation up to 6.52 times larger than that of the commercial photocatalyst hombikat UV-100. These findings open the door for further research for improving the photocatalytic performance of metal-organic frameworks.
A modificação pós-síntese de estruturas metalo-orgânicas compreendendo na transformação do ligando orgânico presente é uma nova e promissora via para a engenharia de centros ópticos, permitido sintonizar as propriedades de emissão de luz de materiais na região do visível e do infravermelho próximo. Nesta dissertação, procedeu-se à modificação pós-sintética da estrutura isorreticular metal-orgânica-3 (IRMOF-3) com 2-cloro-2-oxoacetato de etilo, acetoacetato de etilo, pentano-2,4-diona, 3-(2-hidroxifenil)-3-oxopropanal, ácido 2-cloroacético, ácido glioxílico, metilvinil cetona e (etoximetileno)malonato de dietilo, seguida da quelação com iões lantanídeos trivalentes, a qual originou interessantes emissores de luz na região do infravermelho próximo (Nd3+) e do visível (Eu3+, Tb3+). O IRMOF-3 foi usado como um caso de estudo devido quer à sua a estrutura cristalina que apresenta considerável microporosidade, quer à presença de grupos amino livres no ligando benzenodicarboxilato (bdc), que são passíveis de modificação. Os materiais foram caracterizados por análise elementar, difracção de raios X de pós, microscopias óptica, electrónica de varrimento e de transmissão, espetroscopias de infravermelho com transformadas de Fourier e de ressonância magnética nuclear (estados líquido e sólido). As propriedades de luminescência dos materiais Ln-IRMOF-3-modificados foram estudadas à temperatura ambiente. A presença do anel aromático bdc, β- dicetonato e oxalato reforça a sensibilização do Ln3+ através da transferência de energia do ligando para o metal (efeito antena). No que respeita à fotocatálise, sintetizaram-se novos materiais metal-orgânicos (Cr-MIL-125-AC, Ag-MIL-125-AC) através de uma reação sólido-vapor. Estes materiais apresentam uma excelente atividade fotocatalítica para a degradação de azul de metileno até 6,52 vezes maior que o fotocatalisador comercial hombikat UV- 100. Estes resultados abrem a porta a novos estudos que visam melhorar a actividade fotocatalítica de materiais metalo-orgânicos.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Skrifvars, Mikael. "Synthetic modification and characterisation of unsaturated polyesters". Helsinki : University of Helsinki, 2000. http://ethesis.helsinki.fi/julkaisut/mat/kemia/vk/skrifvars/.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Argyle, Iain. "Synthetic membrane performance modification by selective species adsorption". Thesis, University of Bath, 2015. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.665413.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Zhang, Zhenjie. "Template-Directed Synthesis and Post-Synthetic Modification of Porphyrin-Encapsulating Metal-Organic Materials". Scholar Commons, 2014. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/5162.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Metal-organic materials (MOMs) represent an emerging class of materials comprised of molecular building blocks (MBBs) linked by organic linker ligands. MOMs recently attract great attention because of their ability to exhibit permanent porosity, thereby enabling study of properties in the context of gas storage, gas separation, solid supports for sensors, catalysis and so on. Although MOMs have been studied for over 60 years, the porous nature of MOMs was not systematically and widely explored until the early 1990's. This may be one of the reasons why template-directed synthesis of MOMs remains relatively underexplored, especially when compared to other classes of porous material (e.g. zeolite and mesoporous silicates). However, the study of template-directed synthesis exhibits great significance to the research field of MOMs as these considerations: (i) to access analogues of prototypal MOM platforms that cannot be prepared directly; (2) to create porous materials with new topologies; (3) to transfer the functionality of templates to MOMs; (4) to exert fine control over structural features. In this dissertation, I chose a functional organic material, porphyrin, as templates and succeeded to synthesize a series of porphyrin-encapsulating MOMs, (porph@MOMs), in which the porphyrins were encapsulated inside the cavities as guests. Porphyrins molecules can template the formation cavities with different shapes and sizes (e.g. triangle, square or hexagon) to accommodate the porphyrins molecules when organic ligands with different size and symmetry were utilized during the synthesis. On the other hand, the porphyrins molecules can also template the formation of octahemioctahedral cages or hexahedron cages with porphyrins trapped inside, which further built the tbo, pcu, rtl, zzz, mzz networks. By selecting templated porph@MOMs as platforms, post-synthetic modifications (PSMs) of porph@MOMs were further studied. A cadmium MOM, porph@MOM-10, can undergo PSM by Mn(II) or Cu(II) via single-crystal-to-single-crystal processes. The Mn- and Cu- exchanged PSM variants exhibit catalytic activity for epoxidation of trans-stilbene. Porph@MOM-11 can serve as a platform to undergo a new PSM process involving cooperative addition of metal salts via single-crystal-to-single-crystal processes. The incorporation of the salts leads to higher H2 and CO2 volumetric uptake and higher CO2 vs CH4 selectivity. Porph@MOM-11 was also found to be a versatile platform that can undergo metal ion exchange with Cu2+ in single-crystal-to-single-crystal fashion. The use of mixed metal salt solutions (Cu2+/Cd2+) with varying ratios of metal salts enabled systematic study of the metal exchange process in porph@MOM-11 in such a manner that, at one extreme, only the Cd porphyrin moieties undergo metal ion exchange, whereas at the other extreme both the framework and the porphyrin moiety are fully exchanged. It is also observed that a concerted PSMs approach of metal ion exchange and ligand addition towards a porphyrin-walled MOM, porphMOM-1 affords a porphyrin-encapsulating MOM, porph@MOM-14, in which porphyrin anions are encapsulated in the octahemioctahedral polyhedral cage via weak interactions. Beside of the template-directed synthesis and post-synthetic modification of porph@MOMs, pre-synthetic control of metal-organic materials' structures was also studied in this dissertation. Due to the partial flexibility of 1,3-benzenedicarboxylate linkers, kagom[eacute] lattice and NbO supramolecular isomers were observed from a complexation of bulky 1,3-benzenedicarboxylate ligand to Cu(II) paddlewheel moieties. In addition, a new family of hybrid nanoball vanadium MOM structures (Hyballs) was prepared by the self-assemble of trimesic acid with tetranuclear and pentanuclear vanadium polyoxometalates. These hyballs are robust, permanently porous and their exterior surfaces facilitate cross-linking via hydrogen bonds or coordination bonds to generate pcu networks.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Amer, Hamzah Harina. "Functionalisation of metal-organic frameworks via post-synthetic modification". Thesis, University of Bath, 2017. https://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.723333.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
This thesis is built upon two areas of research concerning metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). The first focuses on the functionalisation of MOFs via post-synthetic modification (PSM). The second involves the investigation on the potential of MOFs as hosts for insect pheromones. Chapter 1 introduces the field of MOF chemistry, and covers their properties along with a brief description of their applications. The concept of PSM is introduced and a review of recent literature given. The aims of the thesis are also detailed at the end of this chapter. Chapter 2 describes the PSM of [Zr6O4(OH)4(BDC-NH2)6], UiO-66-NH2, via Aza-Michael reactions. Different functionalities were successfully introduced into its pores and the degrees of conversion were determined via 1H NMR spectroscopy. Gas sorption measurements (CO2 and N2) of the PSM products were carried out and compared. In particular, two PSM products were shown to exhibit higher CO2 over N2 selectivity than that for the starting MOF, UiO-66-NH2. Chapter 3 describes a new PSM route in obtaining azole-functionalised MOFs via Mannich reactions. The amino groups in three different MOFs were converted into a range of azole-functionalised MOFs with conversions up to 100%. In particular, one of the PSM reactions afforded a new material, formulated as [Zn3(BDC-NH2)1.32(BDC-NHCH2N2C3H3)1.68(C6H12N2)], based on single crystal X-ray crystallography, 1H NMR and TGA analyses. Gas sorption studies demonstrate increased selectivity for CO2 over N2 for the PSM products. One of the modified MOFs was shown to exhibit a high Hg(II) uptake from aqueous solutions. Chapter 4 introduces the concept of using MOFs as hosts for ant pheromones. The factors which influenced the pheromone loading in zinc and zirconium based MOFs were investigated. The MOFs containing the linker BDC-NHPr (2-(propylamino)benzene-1,4-dicarboxylate) were found to be effective at hosting two types of ant pheromones, 3-octanone and (S)-4-methyl-3-heptanone.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Quader, Sabina, i N/A. "Selective Synthetic Modification of Aminoglycosides for Drug Targeting to Tuberculosis". Griffith University. School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20071024.151619.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The work presented in this thesis details the synthetic modification of the clinically important aminoglycoside antibiotics, neomycin B, paromomycin and tobramycin. We sought to modify aminoglycosides by attaching lipophilic groups, including fatty acids and steroids, with a view to improving the bacterial membrane permeability of these species, and ultimately their efficacy in the treatment of tuberculosis. Our initial synthetic strategy involved direct and specific functionalization of the singular primary hydroxyl group of the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin B, with lipophilic groups containing carboxylic acid functions via Mitsunobu esterification. Although, direct and selective Mitsunobu acylation of the primary hydroxyl group proved unsuccessful in the case of the pseudo tetrasaccharide neomycin B, the Mitsunobu reaction did however result in selective chemistry elsewhere in the molecule and this has been exploited for modification of the ido (ring IV) and streptamine (ring II) ring systems. Under carefully controlled conditions, the Mitsunobu reaction has been used for the selective dehydration of the ido ring, to give the talo epoxide, and, under more forcing Mitsunobu dehydration conditions, an aziridine function has been introduced into the streptamine moiety. Both the epoxide and the epoxide-aziridine neomycin building blocks were utilized as synthons in subsequent chemical transformations. Seventeen novel neomycin derivatives featuring modification of ring IV and/or ring II were obtained using this approach. Explicit structural elucidation of all the synthetic intermediates and the final products was achieved using high temperature NMR spectroscopy. Direct and specific functionalization of the singular primary hydroxyl group at the C5 position of the ribose ring (ring III) of neomycin B was achieved, via a procedure based in part on selective tripsylation of the C5III primary hydroxyl group of neomycin B reported previously, followed by subsequent displacement of the tripsyl group by azide. Terminal alkyne containing lipophilic esters were then successfully attached to the ribose residue of neomycin B via Cu(I)-mediated azide-alkyne coupling reaction. In addition to the isolation of two fortuitous, new and versatile synthons i.e. monoanhydro neomycin and bis-anhydro neomycin for modification of ring IV and ring II of neomycin, a third synthon based on neomycin framework, allowing stepwise modification of ring III and ring IV was designed and synthesized. This synthon features an epoxide function in the ido ring, and a protected amine function at the C5 position of the ribose ring. Examples of the stepwise use of this synthon for further synthetic modification of the neomycin framework were demonstrated. Fourteen novel neomycin derivatives featuring modification of ring III and /or ring IV were obtained and characterized. Regioselective Mitsunobu esterification of the single primary hydroxyl group of the pseudo trisaccharide tobramycin was utilized successfully to link a variety of hydrophobic esters with tobramycin. Nine lipophilic tobramycin derivatives with significant structural diversity were synthesised and characterized. In a preliminary study, the applicability of the Mitsunobu dehydration reaction for the regioselective formation of an epoxide ring in the ido moiety of the pseudo tetrasaccharide aminoglycoside antibiotic paromomycin system was confirmed. The regioselective ring-opening of the derived epoxide with azide at C3IV of paromomycin was also successfully demonstrated. In total, forty-two new potential aminoglycoside antibiotics have been synthesized and characterized.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Washington, Benny Jr. "Enzymatic modification of synthetic mRNA's and their interaction with proteins". DigitalCommons@Robert W. Woodruff Library, Atlanta University Center, 1985. http://digitalcommons.auctr.edu/dissertations/1244.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
All eukaryotic mRNAs analyzed to date contain, at their 5' end, a cap structure consisting of a reversed 7-methyl guanosine residue linked at the 5' position of the ribose by a triphosphate to the 5'- position of the terminal residue. Since its discovery, the cap structure has been shown to play an important role in the control of initiation of protein synthesis. Further characterization of mRNAs has revealed other unique properties. Its 3' terminus in most eukaryotes is enriched with a sequence of adenylic acid residues called the poly(A) tail. Photoaffinity binding studies, using photoaffinity capped mRNAs and mRNAs polyadenylated with a photoaffinity label translated in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system, suggest that proteins or initiation factors are associated with both the 5' and 3' ends. The ability for ribosomes to form complexes in a rabbit reticulocyte lysate system was tested by modi fying mRNAs using 8-azido-[32P]GTP and 8-azido-[32P]ATP. The extent of binding was measured by the total amount of photoaffinity label recovered from a 12% SDS-polyacrylamide gel cut into 1 mm stripes and counted in a LS 7000 scintillation counter. Several proteins labeled both at the 5' and 3' ends with the photoaffinity probe appear to be ribonuclear proteins.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Quader, Sabina. "Selective Synthetic Modification of Aminoglycosides for Drug Targeting to Tuberculosis". Thesis, Griffith University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367086.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The work presented in this thesis details the synthetic modification of the clinically important aminoglycoside antibiotics, neomycin B, paromomycin and tobramycin. We sought to modify aminoglycosides by attaching lipophilic groups, including fatty acids and steroids, with a view to improving the bacterial membrane permeability of these species, and ultimately their efficacy in the treatment of tuberculosis. Our initial synthetic strategy involved direct and specific functionalization of the singular primary hydroxyl group of the aminoglycoside antibiotic neomycin B, with lipophilic groups containing carboxylic acid functions via Mitsunobu esterification. Although, direct and selective Mitsunobu acylation of the primary hydroxyl group proved unsuccessful in the case of the pseudo tetrasaccharide neomycin B, the Mitsunobu reaction did however result in selective chemistry elsewhere in the molecule and this has been exploited for modification of the ido (ring IV) and streptamine (ring II) ring systems. Under carefully controlled conditions, the Mitsunobu reaction has been used for the selective dehydration of the ido ring, to give the talo epoxide, and, under more forcing Mitsunobu dehydration conditions, an aziridine function has been introduced into the streptamine moiety. Both the epoxide and the epoxide-aziridine neomycin building blocks were utilized as synthons in subsequent chemical transformations. Seventeen novel neomycin derivatives featuring modification of ring IV and/or ring II were obtained using this approach. Explicit structural elucidation of all the synthetic intermediates and the final products was achieved using high temperature NMR spectroscopy. Direct and specific functionalization of the singular primary hydroxyl group at the C5 position of the ribose ring (ring III) of neomycin B was achieved, via a procedure based in part on selective tripsylation of the C5III primary hydroxyl group of neomycin B reported previously, followed by subsequent displacement of the tripsyl group by azide. Terminal alkyne containing lipophilic esters were then successfully attached to the ribose residue of neomycin B via Cu(I)-mediated azide-alkyne coupling reaction. In addition to the isolation of two fortuitous, new and versatile synthons i.e. monoanhydro neomycin and bis-anhydro neomycin for modification of ring IV and ring II of neomycin, a third synthon based on neomycin framework, allowing stepwise modification of ring III and ring IV was designed and synthesized. This synthon features an epoxide function in the ido ring, and a protected amine function at the C5 position of the ribose ring. Examples of the stepwise use of this synthon for further synthetic modification of the neomycin framework were demonstrated. Fourteen novel neomycin derivatives featuring modification of ring III and /or ring IV were obtained and characterized. Regioselective Mitsunobu esterification of the single primary hydroxyl group of the pseudo trisaccharide tobramycin was utilized successfully to link a variety of hydrophobic esters with tobramycin. Nine lipophilic tobramycin derivatives with significant structural diversity were synthesised and characterized. In a preliminary study, the applicability of the Mitsunobu dehydration reaction for the regioselective formation of an epoxide ring in the ido moiety of the pseudo tetrasaccharide aminoglycoside antibiotic paromomycin system was confirmed. The regioselective ring-opening of the derived epoxide with azide at C3IV of paromomycin was also successfully demonstrated. In total, forty-two new potential aminoglycoside antibiotics have been synthesized and characterized.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Biomolecular and Physical Sciences
Faculty of Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
Full Text
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Xu, Heng. "Post-Synthetic Modification of Metal-Organic Frameworks by Solid-Gas Ozonolysis". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/667135.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Aquesta Tesi doctoral està dedicada a la investigació i l’estudi de l’ozonòlisi en fase solid-gas com un mètode ràpid, simple i versàtil per a la modificació post-sintètica de xarxes metalorgàniques (MOFs). El primer Capítol inclou una breu introducció a l’origen dels MOFs i els conceptes per al disseny i síntesi de materials porosos. Després, fem èmfasi a les actuals metodologies utilitzades en les modificacions post-sintètiques de MOFs il·lustrant els principals avenços i exemples, amb l’objectiu de centrar al lector en el context d’aquesta Tesi. També s’hi expliquen les principals aplicacions de MOFs funcionalitzats post-sintèticament. En el Capítol 2 s’hi exposen els objectius generals i específics d’aquesta Tesi. En el Capítol 3 es desenvolupa la nova metodologia per a realitzar funcionalitzacions post-sintètiques de MOFs basades en l’ozonòlisi sòlid-gas. Els anells ozònids generats s’identifiquen per ressonància magnètica nuclear (RMN). Cal remarcar que aquest nou mètode s’ha demostrat mitjançant transformacions dins d’un mateix cristall, com s’ha confirmat per difracció de raigs X de monocristall conjuntament amb càlculs de teoria del funcional de la densitat (DFT). Finalment, la disposició de la funcionalitat ozònid és demostrada mitjançant un tractament selectiu posterior. En el Capítol 4 s’estén l’ús de l’ozonòlisi sòlid-gas per a la modificació post-sintètica de la porositat de MOFs. Demostrem que, a través de la selecció de MOFs Zr-fcu amb mescla de lligands que consisteixen en parelles on un dels lligands conté enllaços olefina capaços de ser trencats per ozonòlisi i l’altre lligand és resistent a l’ozó, podem realitzar el trencament selectiu dels lligands mitjançant l’ozonòlisi per aconseguir la fusió de microporus en mesoporus en la mateixa estructura del MOF. Així, els MOFs mesoporosos es generen eliminant els fragments de lligand a través de rentats o sublimació, com ho evidencien les seves noves propietats d’adsorció.
This present PhD Thesis has been dedicated to the exploration and study the solid-gas phase ozonolysis as a quick, simple and versatile method for post-synthetic modification of metal-organic frameworks (MOFs). In the first Chapter, a brief introduction to the origin of MOFs is given, followed by typical concepts for design and synthesis of the porous materials. We then pay special attention to the current methodologies that used for post-synthesic modifications of MOFs with state-of-the-art advancements and selected examples, aiming to place the reader in the context of the thesis. Additionally, the main applications of post-synthetically functionalized MOFs are provided. In Chapter 2, the general and specific objectives of the Thesis are introduced. In Chapter 3, we develop a new post-synthetic methodology for functionalization of MOFs based on the solid-gas ozonolysis. The generated ozonide rings are identified by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) technique. Moreover, the generality of this method has been proven by a single-crystal-to-single-crystal transformation, as confirmed by single-crystal X-Ray diffraction together with density functional theory (DFT) calculation. Finally, the amenability of ozonide functionality is demonstrated by selectively workup treatment. Chapter 4 extends the use of the solid-gas ozonolysis to post-synthetic modification of MOF porosity. We show that, by carefully selecting mixed-ligand Zr-fcu-MOFs based on organic ligand pairs in which one ligand has ozone-cleavable olefin bonds and the other ligand is ozone-resistant, we were able to selectively break the cleavable ligand via ozonolysis to trigger fusion of micropores into mesopores within MOF framework. Thus, the mesoporous MOFs are subsequently created through removal of ligand fragments by washing or sublimation, as evidenced by their distinct gas sorption properties.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Więcej źródeł

Książki na temat "Synthetic Modification"

1

NATO Advanced Study Institute on Modification and Blending of Synthetic and Natural Macromolecules for Preparing Multiphase Structure and Functional Materials (2003 Pisa, Italy). Modification and blending of synthetic and natural macromolecules. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

F, Ciardelli, Penczek S i North Atlantic Treaty Organization. Scientific Affairs Division., red. Modification and blending of synthetic and natural macromolecules. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 2004.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Ciardelli, Francesco, i Stanislaw Penczek, red. Modification and Blending of Synthetic and Natural Macromolecules. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4020-2735-2.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Paolesse, Roberto, red. Synthesis and Modifications of Porphyrinoids. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-38533-9.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Das, Chandan. Polymeric Membrane Synthesis, Modification, and Applications. First edition. | Boca Raton, FL : CRC Press/Taylor & Francis Group, 2019.: CRC Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9780429505065.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Fainleib, Alexander. Thermostable polycyanurates: Synthesis, modification, structure, and properties. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Alexander, Fainleib, red. Thermostable polycyanurates: Synthesis, modification, structure and properties. Hauppauge, N.Y: Nova Science Publishers, 2009.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Karsten, Krohn, Kirst Herbert A i Maag Hans 1945-, red. Antibiotics and antiviral compounds: Chemical synthesis and modification. Weinheim: VCH, 1993.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Advanced polymer nanoparticles: Synthesis and surface modifications. Boca Raton: Taylor & Francis, 2011.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Ren, Jie. Biodegradable Poly(Lactic Acid): Synthesis, Modification, Processing and Applications. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg, 2011.

Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Więcej źródeł

Części książek na temat "Synthetic Modification"

1

Bryk, M. T., V. G. Sinyavskii i A. P. Melnik. "CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF CATION EXCHANGE MEMBRANES". W Synthetic Polymeric Membranes, redaktorzy Blahoslav Sedláček i Jaroslav Kahovec, 43–48. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867374-005.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Woodard, Lauren E., Daniel L. Galvan i Matthew H. Wilson. "Site-Directed Genome Modification with Engineered Zinc Finger Proteins". W Synthetic Biology, 33–47. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527688104.ch3.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Vigo, F., C. Uliana i R. Pedemonte. "ULTRAFILTRATION MEMBRANES OBTAINED BY CHEMICAL MODIFICATION OF POLYVINYL CHLORIDE)". W Synthetic Polymeric Membranes, redaktorzy Blahoslav Sedláček i Jaroslav Kahovec, 203–12. Berlin, Boston: De Gruyter, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9783110867374-020.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Chen, Cong-Yan, i Stacey I. Zones. "Post-Synthetic Treatment and Modification of Zeolites". W Zeolites and Catalysis, 155–70. Weinheim, Germany: Wiley-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/9783527630295.ch6.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Zhu, Guangshan, i Hao Ren. "Synthetic Post-modification of Porous Organic Frameworks". W SpringerBriefs in Molecular Science, 43–55. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-45456-5_3.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Robin, Jean Jacques. "Overview of the Use of Ozone in the Synthesis of New Polymers and the Modification of Polymers". W New Synthetic Methods, 35–80. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/b12304.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Veronese, Francesco M., Paolo Caliceti i Oddone Schiavon. "New Synthetic Polymers for Enzyme and Liposome Modification". W ACS Symposium Series, 182–92. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1997-0680.ch013.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Kohn, Joachim, i Robert Langer. "Backbone modification of synthetic poly-α-L-amino acids". W Peptides, 658–61. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-010-9595-2_198.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Kinomura, K., S. Kitazawa, M. Okumura i T. Sakakibara. "Potential Application of Some Synthetic Glycosides to Food Modification". W ACS Symposium Series, 221–28. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1993-0528.ch018.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Kocsis, Ákos, i Péter Mátyus. "Synthetic Modification of Iridoids to Non-natural Indole Alkaloids". W Biodiversity, 375–77. Boston, MA: Springer US, 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-9242-0_50.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Synthetic Modification"

1

Ukhina, A. V., A. A. Yusuf, D. V. Dudina, E. N. Galashov i B. B. Bokhonov. "Surface modification of synthetic diamond with tungsten". W 2016 11th International Forum on Strategic Technology (IFOST). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ifost.2016.7884199.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Lapina, N., B. Oksengendler, N. Nikiforova, N. Turaeva i M. Guseva. "Mechanisms of radiation stimulated modification of fullerenes". W International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsm.1994.834996.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Bernstein, J., J. Y. Becker, S. Cohen, A. Ellern, L. Shahal i S. Zamir. "A new polymorphic modification of tetrathiafulvalene (TTF)". W International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsm.1994.835437.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Lapina, N., B. Oksengendler, N. Nikifbrova, N. Turaeva i M. Guseva. "Mechanisms of radiation stimuiated modification of fullerens". W International Conference on Science and Technology of Synthetic Metals. IEEE, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/stsm.1994.835561.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Lukasiewicz, Marcin. "Biocatalytic esterification of common polysaccharides. Starch modification using lipases." W The 14th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-14-00405.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Bednarz, Szczepan, Marcin Lukasiewicz, Anna Ptaszek, Dariusz Bogdal i Bohdan Achremowicz. "Microwave assisted starch oxidation – a ‘green’ way for polysaccharide modification". W The 12th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-12-01254.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Lukasiewicz, Marcin, Maria Jedrzejek, Szczepan Bednarz, Wojciech Mazela, Michal Pajda i Stanislaw Kowalski. "Cyclooligosaccharide modification applying microwaves. The case of β-cyclodextrin esterification". W The 12th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-12-01255.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

Dzhons, Darja, i Andrei Budruev. "Photochemical modification of polymer surface with bifunctional dyes phenothiazine series". W The 17th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-17-d004.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Benjamin, Ellis, Karan Arora, Lamarque Coke i Earl Benjamin. "Modification of hydroxamic acid containing compounds for improved metal chelation". W The 20th International Electronic Conference on Synthetic Organic Chemistry. Basel, Switzerland: MDPI, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ecsoc-20-e011.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Avci-Adali, M., H. Steinle, S. Golombek, A. Behring, A. F. Popov, T. Krüger, C. Salewski, A. Nemeth, H. P. Wendel i C. Schlensak. "Modification of EPCs with Synthetic mRNA for Improved Angiogenesis". W 48th Annual Meeting German Society for Thoracic, Cardiac, and Vascular Surgery. Georg Thieme Verlag KG, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1678871.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.

Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Synthetic Modification"

1

Matyjaszewski, Krzysztof. Polysilanes, Synthesis, Modification, and Properties. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maj 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada235351.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
2

Anderson, Olin D., Gad Galili i Ann E. Blechl. Enhancement of Essential Amino Acids in Cereal Seeds: Four Approaches to Increased Lysine Content. United States Department of Agriculture, październik 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1998.7585192.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Cereal seeds are the basis of the human diet, and their amino acid composition is thus of major nutritional and economic importance. Currently, deficiencies in essential amino acids are addressed, when possible, by additionalprotein sources or by supplementing animal feed with non-cereal protein or synthetic amino acids. A number of strategies have been suggested to make cereal flours more complete and balanced sources of amino acids, although systematic examination of such strategies is rare. This project proposed to begin such a systematic examination using four complementary and parallel approaches to increasing wheat seed lysine: 1) Modifying endogenous wheat seed proteins for increased lysine composition. 2) Overexpression of naturally occurring high-lysine proteins in the wheat endosperm. 3) Ectopic expression of proteins in the wheat endosperm. 4) Alteration of free lysine levels in the wheat endosperm. The results of these studies are expected to be wheat lines with increased lysine content and will establish a clearer understanding of the approaches most likely to enhance cereal seed protein quality. Progress is reported for all four objectives, with a significant foundation for further work on two of the objectives (modification of wheat storage proteins and lysine metabolism). Plans for continuing work on all four objectives are briefly outlined.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
3

Olszewski, Neil, i David Weiss. Role of Serine/Threonine O-GlcNAc Modifications in Signaling Networks. United States Department of Agriculture, wrzesień 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2010.7696544.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Significant evidence suggests that serine/threonine-O-linked N-acetyl glucosamine0-(GlcNAc) modifications play a central role in the regulation of plant signaling networks. Forexample, mutations in SPINDLY,) SPY (an O-GlcNAc transferase,) OGT (promote gibberellin GA) (signal transduction and inhibit cytokinin responses. In addition, mutating both Arabidopsis OGTsSEC (and SPY) causes embryo lethality. The long-term goal of this research is to elucidate the mechanism by which Arabidopsis OGTs regulate signaling networks. This project investigated the mechanisms of O-GlcNAc regulation of cytokinin and gibberellin signaling, identified additional processes regulated by this modification and investigated the regulation of SEC activity. Although SPY is a nucleocytoplasmic protein, its site of action and targets were unknown. Severalstudies suggested that SPY acted in the nucleus where it modified nuclear components such as the DELLA proteins. Using chimeric GFP-SPY fused to a nuclear-export signal or to a nuclear-import signal, we showed that cytosolic, but not nuclear SPY, regulated cytokinin and GA signaling. We also obtained evidence suggesting that GA and SPY affect cytokinin signaling via a DELLA-independent pathway. Although SEC and SPY were believed to have overlapping functions, the role of SEC in cytokinin and GA signaling was unclear. The role of SEC in cytokinin and GA responses was investigated by partially suppressing SPY expression in secplants using a synthetic Spymicro RNA miR(SPY). The possible contribution of SEC to the regulation of GA and cytokinin signaling wastest by determining the resistance of the miR spy secplants to the GA biosynthesis inhibitor paclobutrazol and to cytokinin. We found that the transgenic plants were resistant to paclobutrazol and to cytokinin, butonlyata level similar to spy. Moreover, expressing SEC under the 35S promoter in spy mutant did not complement the spy mutation. Therefore, we believe that SEC does not act with SPY to regulate GA or cytokinin responses. The cellular targets of Spy are largely unknown. We identified the transcription factor TCP15 in a two-hybrid screen for SPY-interacting proteins and showed that both TCP15 and its closely homolog TCP14 were O-GlcNAc modified by bacterially-produced SEC. The significance of the interaction between SPY and these TCPs was examined by over-expressing the minwild-type and spy-4plants. Overexpression of TCP14 or TCP15 in wild-type background produced phenotypes typical of plants with increased cytokinin and reduced GA signaling. TCP14 overexpression phenotypes were strongly suppressed in the spy background, suggesting that TCP14 and TCP15 affect cytokinin and GA signaling and that SPY activates them. In agreement with this hypothesis, we created a tcp14tcp15 double mutant and found that it has defects similar to spyplants. In animals, O-GlcNAc modification is proposed to regulate the activity of the nuclear pore. Therefore, after discovering that SEC modified a nucleoporinNUP) (that also interacts with SPY, we performed genetic experiments exploring the relationship between NUPs and SPY nupspy double mutants exhibited phenotypes consistent with SPY and NUPs functioning in common processes and nupseeds were resistant to GA biosynthesis inhibitors. All eukaryotic OGTs have a TPR domain. Deletion studies with bacterially-expressed SEC demonstrated SEC'sTPR domain inhibits SEC enzymatic activity. Since the TPR domain interacts with other proteins, we propose that regulatory proteins regulate OGT activity by binding and modulating the inhibitory activity of the TPR domain.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
4

Delmer, Deborah, Nicholas Carpita i Abraham Marcus. Induced Plant Cell Wall Modifications: Use of Plant Cells with Altered Walls to Study Wall Structure, Growth and Potential for Genetic Modification. United States Department of Agriculture, maj 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7613021.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Our previous work indicated that suspension-cultured plant cells show remarkable flexibility in altering cell wall structure in response either to growth on saline medium or in the presence of the cellulose synthesis inhibitor 2,-6-dichlorobenzonitrile (DCB). We have continued to analyze the structure of these modified cell walls to understand how the changes modify wall strength, porosity, and ability to expand. The major load-bearing network in the walls of DCB-adapted dicot cells that lack a substantial cellulose-xyloglucan network is comprised of Ca2+-bridged pectates; these cells also have an unusual and abundant soluble pectic fraction. By contrast, DCB-adapted barley, a graminaceous monocot achieves extra wall strength by enhanced cross-linking of its non-cellulosic polysaccharide network via phenolic residues. Our results have also shed new light on normal wall stucture: 1) the cellulose-xyloglucan network may be independent of other wall networks in dicot primary walls and accounts for about 70% of the total wall strength; 2) the pectic network in dicot walls is the primary determinant of wall porosity; 3) both wall strength and porosity in graminaceous monocot primary walls is greatly influenced by the degree of phenolic cross-linking between non-cellulosic polysaccharides; and 4) the fact that the monocot cells do not secrete excess glucuronoarabinoxylan and mixed-linked glucan in response to growth on DCB, suggests that these two non-cellulosic polymers do not normally interact with cellulose in a manner similar to xyloglucan. We also attempted to understand the factors which limit cell expansion during growth of cells in saline medium. Analyses of hydrolytic enzyme activities suggest that xyloglucan metabolism is not repressed during growth on NaCl. Unlike non-adapted cells, salt-adapted cells were found to lack pectin methyl esterase, but it is not clear how this difference could relate to alterations in wall expansibility. Salt-adaped cell walls contain reduced hyp and secrete two unique PRPP-related proteins suggesting that high NaCl inhibits the cross-linking of these proteins into the walls, a finding that might relate to their altered expansibility.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
5

Schaffer, Arthur, Jack Preiss, Marina Petreikov i Ilan Levin. Increasing Starch Accumulation via Genetic Modification of the ADP-glucose Pyrophosphorylase. United States Department of Agriculture, październik 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2009.7591740.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The overall objective of the research project was to utilize biochemical insights together with both classical and molecular genetic strategies to improve tomato starch accumulation. The proposal was based on the observation that the transient starch accumulation in the immature fruit serves as a reservoir for carbohydrate and soluble sugar content in the mature fruit, thereby impacting on fruit quality. The general objectives were to optimize AGPase function and activity in developing fruit in order to increase its transient starch levels. The specific research objectives were to: a) perform directed molecular evolution of the limiting enzyme of starch synthesis, AGPase, focussing on the interaction of its regulatory and catalytic subunits; b) determine the mode of action of the recently identified allelic variant for the regulatory subunit in tomato fruit that leads to increased AGPase activity and hence starch content. During the course of the research project major advances were made in understanding the interaction of the small and large subunits of AGPase, in particular the regulatory roles of the different large subunits, in determining starch synthesis. The research was performed using various experimental systems, including bacteria and Arabidopsis, potato and tomato, allowing for broad and meaningful conclusions to be drawn. A novel discovery was that one of the large subunits of tomato AGPase is functional as a monomer. A dozen publications describing the research were published in leading biochemical and horticultural journals. The research results clearly indicated that increasing AGPase activity temporally in the developing fruit increase the starch reservoir and, subsequently, the fruit sugar content. This was shown by a comparison of the carbohydrate balance in near-isogenic tomato lines differing in a gene encoding for the fruit-specific large subunit (LS1). The research also revealed that the increase in AGPase activity is due to a temporal extension of LS1 gene expression in the developing fruit which in turn stabilizes the limiting heterotetrameric enzyme, leading to sustained starch synthesis. This genetic variation can successfully be utilized in the breeding of high quality tomatoes.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
6

Barash, Itamar, J. Mina Bissell, Alexander Faerman i Moshe Shani. Modification of Milk Composition via Transgenesis: The Role of the Extracellular Matrix in Regulating Transgene Expression. United States Department of Agriculture, lipiec 1995. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1995.7570558.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Altering milk composition via transgenesis depends on three main factors. (1) The availability of an efficient regulatory sequences for targeting transgene(s) to the mammary gland; (2) a reliable in vitro model to test the expression of transgenes prior to their introduction to the animal genome; and (3) better understanding of the major factors which determine the rate of gene expression and protein synthesis. The current studies provide the necessary means and knowledge to alter milk protein composition via transgenesis. The following specific goals were achieved: a: Identifying regulatory regions in the b-lactoglobulin (BLG) gene and the cross-talk between elements which enabled us to construct an efficient vector for the expression of desirable cDNA's in the mammary gland. b: The establishment of a sheep mammary cell line that serves as a model for the analysis of endogenous and exogenous milk protein synthesis in the mammary gland of livestock. c: An accurate comparison of the potency of the 5' regulatory sequences from the BLG and whey acidic protein (WAP) promoters in directing the expression of human serum albumin (HSA) to the mammary gland in vitro and in vivo. In this study we have also shown that sequences within the coding region may determine a specific pattern of expression for the transgene, distinct from that of the native milk protein genes. d: Characterizing the dominant role of ECM in transgene expression in mammary epithelial cells. e: Further characterization of the BCE-1 enhancer element in the promoter of the b-casein gene as a binding site for the c/EBP-b and Stat5. Identifying its interaction with chromatin and its up regulation by inhibitors of histone deacetylation. f: Identifying a mechanism of translational control as a mediator for the synergistic effect of insulin and prolactin on protein synthesis in the mammary gland.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
7

Deutsch, Christopher. Discovery and Characterization of the Proteins Involved in the Synthesis of N⁶-Threonylcarbamoyl Adenosine, a Nucleoside Modification of tRNA. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.3075.

Pełny tekst źródła
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
8

DMITRIENKO, B. Ch, O. A. KOVALEVA i E. A. RUBETS. VR TECHNOLOGIES AS A MEANS OF VIRTUAL MUSEUM PEDAGOGY. Science and Innovation Center Publishing House, kwiecień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12731/2658-4034-2022-13-1-2-63-70.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
Currently, museum pedagogy is a very promising area, covering all types of interactions between the museum and its audience. Museum pedagogy is an interdisciplinary field of scientific knowledge, “formed at the intersection of pedagogy, psychology, museology and the relevant discipline of the museum and built on its basis specific practical activities focused on the transfer of cultural (artistic) experience in a museum environment”. The rapid development of technology has led to the so-called modification of this scientific field, we mean a new branch of pedagogical knowledge is emerging - virtual museum pedagogy. VR technologies are beginning to occupy leading positions, but it is important to note that today in art pedagogy there is no idea how to build the educational process in such a context. Thus, this area of pedagogy today requires a deep and comprehensive study. This has determined the purpose of this study. The objectives of the study follow from the goal: 1) To reveal the specifics of virtual museum pedagogy 2) To develop basic pedagogical recommendations for conducting virtual excursions using VR technologies Materials and methods. The methods of this study were analysis and synthesis. Results and discussion. The results of the study consist in the VR technologies usage in art pedagogy features identification.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
9

Sharon, Amir, i Maor Bar-Peled. Identification of new glycan metabolic pathways in the fungal pathogen Botrytis cinerea and their role in fungus-plant interactions. United States Department of Agriculture, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597916.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The involvement of glycans in microbial adherence, recognition and signaling is often a critical determinant of pathogenesis. Although the major glycan components of fungal cell walls have been identified there is limited information available on its ‘minor sugar components’ and how these change during different stages of fungal development. Our aim was to define the role of Rhacontaining-glycans in the gray mold disease caused by the necrotrophic fungus B. cinerea. The research was built on the discovery of two genes, Bcdhand bcer, that are involved in formation of UDP-KDG and UDP-Rha, two UDP- sugars that may serve as donors for the synthesis of cell surface glycans. Objectives of the proposed research included: 1) To determine the function of B. cinereaBcDh and BcEr in glycan biosynthesis and in pathogenesis, 2) To determine the expression pattern of BcDH and BcERand cellular localization of their encoded proteins, 3) Characterize the structure and distribution of Rha- containing glycans, 4) Characterization of the UDP-sugar enzymes and potential of GTs involved in glycanrhamnosylation. To address these objectives we generated a series of B. cinereamutants with modifications in the bchdhand bcergenes and the phenotype and sugar metabolism in the resulting strains were characterized. Analysis of sugar metabolites showed that changes in the genes caused changes in primary and secondary sugars, including abolishment of rhamnose, however abolishment of rhamnose synthesis did not cause changes in the fungal phenotype. In contrast, we found that deletion of the second gene, bcer, leads to accumulation of the intermediate sugar – UDP- KDG, and that such mutants suffer from a range of defects including reduced virulence. Further analyses confirmed that UDP-KDG is toxic to the fungus. Studies on mode of action suggested that UDP-KDG might affect integrity of the fungal cell wall, possibly by inhibiting UDP-sugars metabolic enzymes. Our results confirm that bcdhand bcerrepresent a single pathway of rhamnose synthesis in B. cinerea, that rhamnose does not affect in vitro development or virulence of the fungus. We also concluded that UDP-KDG is toxic to B. cinereaand hence UDP-KDG or compounds that inhibit Er enzymes and lead to accumulation of UDP-KDG might have antifungal activity. This toxicity is likely the case with other fungi, this became apparent in a collaborative work with Prof. Bart Thomma of Wageningen University, NETHERLANDS . We have shown the deletion of ER mutant in Verticillium dahlia gave plants resistance to the fungal infection.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
10

Varga, Gabriella A., Amichai Arieli, Lawrence D. Muller, Haim Tagari, Israel Bruckental i Yair Aharoni. Effect of Rumen Available Protein, Amimo Acids and Carbohydrates on Microbial Protein Synthesis, Amino Acid Flow and Performance of High Yielding Cows. United States Department of Agriculture, sierpień 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/1993.7568103.bard.

Pełny tekst źródła
Streszczenie:
The effect of rumen available protein amino acids and carbohydrates on microbial protein synthesis, amino acid flow and performance of high yielding dairy cows was studied. A significant relationship between the effective degradabilities of OM in feedstuffs and the in vivo ruminal OM degradation of diets of dairy cows was found. The in situ method enabled the prediction of ruminal nutrients degradability response to processing of energy and nitragenous supplements. The AA profile of the rumen undegradable protein was modified by the processing method. In a continuous culture study total N and postruminal AA flows, and bacterial efficiency, is maximal at rumen degradable levels of 65% of the CP. Responses to rumen degradable non carbohydrate (NSC) were linear up to at least 27% of DM. Higher CP flow in the abomasum was found for cows fed high ruminally degradable OM and low ruminally degradable CP diet. It appeared that in dairy cows diets, the ratio of rumen degradable OM to rumenally degradable CP should be at least 5:1 in order to maximize postruminal CP flow. The efficiency of microbial CP synthesis was higher for diets supplemented with 33% of rumen undegradable protein, with greater amounts of bacterial AA reaching the abomasum. Increase in ruminal carbohydrate availability by using high moisture corn increased proportions of propionate, postruminal nutrients flow, postruminal starch digestibility, ruminal availability of NSC, uptake of energy substrates by the mammory gland. These modifications resulted with improvement in the utilization of nonessential AA for milk protein synthesis, in higher milk protein yield. Higher postruminal NSC digestibility and higher efficiency of milk protein production were recorded in cows fed extruded corn. Increasing feeding frequency increased flow of N from the rumen to the blood, reduced diurnal variation in ruminal and ammonia, and of plasma urea and improved postruminal NSC and CIP digestibility and total tract digestibilities. Milk and constituent yield increased with more frequent feeding. In a study performed in a commercial dairy herd, changes in energy and nitrogenous substrates level suggested that increasing feeding frequency may improve dietary nitrogen utilization and may shift metabolism toward more glucogenesis. It was concluded that efficiency of milk protein yield in high producing cows might be improved by an optimization of ruminal and post-ruminal supplies of energy and nitrogenous substrates. Such an optimization can be achieved by processing of energy and nitrogenous feedstuffs, and by increasing feeding frequency. In situ data may provide means for elucidation of the optimal processing conditions.
Style APA, Harvard, Vancouver, ISO itp.
Możesz być także zainteresowany rozszerzonymi bibliografiami na temat „Synthetic Modification” dla poszczególnych typów źródeł:
Artykuły w czasopismach Rozprawy doktorskie Książki
Oferujemy zniżki na wszystkie plany premium dla autorów, których prace zostały uwzględnione w tematycznych zestawieniach literatury. Skontaktuj się z nami, aby uzyskać unikalny kod promocyjny!

Do bibliografii