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1
The science of a flip turn. Ann Arbor, Michigan: Cherry Lake Publishing, 2016.
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Wake me when the band starts playing. New York: E.P. Dutton, 1988.
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Jenkins, Mark Peter. A cinematographical analysis of two types of backstroke turn. Cardiff: S.G.I.H.E., 1985.
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Juergens, Cheryl A. A kinetic and kinematic comparison of the grab and track starts in competitive swimming. 1994.
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A comparison among the track and grab starts in swimming and a stand-up response task. 1990.
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A comparison among the track and grab starts in swimming and a stand-up response task. 1988.
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A comparison among the track and grab starts in swimming and a stand-up response task. 1990.
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A comparison among the track and grab starts in swimming and a stand-up response task. 1990.
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Barbira-Freedman, Françoise. Water Babies: Safe Starts in Swimming. Southwater, 2004.
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Hopper, Nancy J. Wake Me When the Band Starts Playing. E P Dutton, 1992.
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Mica, Roman. My Training Starts Tomorrow: The Everyman's Guide to Ironfit Swimming, Cycling, & Running. PathBinder Publishing, LLC, 2006.
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Spot Went Down, Down, Down! (Sound Starts, Yellow Core 2). Sundance Publishing, 1996.
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Buttenwieser, Ann L. The Floating Pool Lady. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501716010.001.0001.
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Why on earth would anyone want to float a pool up the Atlantic coastline to bring it to rest at a pier on the New York City waterfront? This book recounts the author's triumphant adventure that started in the bayous of Louisiana and ended with a self-sustaining, floating swimming pool moored in New York Harbor. When the author decided something needed to be done to help revitalize the New York City waterfront, she reached into the city's nineteenth-century past for inspiration. The author wanted New Yorkers to reestablish their connection to their riverine surroundings and she was energized by the prospect of city youth returning to the Hudson and East rivers. What she didn't suspect was that outfitting and donating a swimming facility for free enjoyment by the public would turn into an almost-Sisyphean task. As the book describes, the author battled for years with politicians and struggled with bureaucrats to bring her “crazy” scheme to fruition. The book retells the improbable process that led to a pool named The Floating Pool Lady tying up to a pier at Barretto Point Park in the Bronx, ready for summer swimmers. Throughout, the book raises consciousness about persistent environmental issues and the challenges of developing a constituency for projects to make cities livable in the twenty-first century. The story functions as both warning and inspiration to those who dare to dream of realizing innovative public projects in the modern urban landscape.
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Hornsby, Jennifer. Speech Acts and Performatives. Redaktorzy Ernest Lepore i Barry C. Smith. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199552238.003.0035.
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This article aims to connect Austin's seminal notion of a speech act with developments in philosophy of language over the last forty odd years. It starts by considering how speech acts might be conceived in Austin's general theory. Then it turns to the illocutionary acts with which much philosophical writing on speech acts has been concerned, and finally to the performatives which Austin's own treatment of speech as action took off from.
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Deakin, Simon, i Zoe Adams. Markesinis & Deakin's Tort Law. Oxford University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198747963.001.0001.
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Markesinis and Deakin’s Tort Law, now in its 8th edition, provides a general overview of the law and discussion of the academic debates on all major topics, highlighting the relationship between the common law, legislation, and judicial policy. In addition, the book provides a variety of comparative and economic perspectives on the law of tort and its likely development, always placing the subject in its socio-economic context, thereby giving students a deep understanding of tort law. The book is composed of eight parts. Part I starts by setting the scene, Part II looks at the tort of negligence. Part III turns to special forms of negligence. This is followed by Part IV which examines interference with the person. Part V turns to intentional interferences with economic interests. The next part looks at stricter forms of liability. Part VII examines the protection of human dignity which includes looking at defamation and injurious falsehood, and human privacy. The last part looks at defences and remedies.
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Deakin, FBA, Simon, Angus Johnston i Sir Basil Markesinis QC, FBA. Markesinis and Deakin's Tort Law. Oxford University Press, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780199591985.001.0001.
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Markesinis and Deakin’s Tort Law, now in its 7th edition, provides a general overview of the law and discussion of the academic debates on all major topics, highlighting the relationship between the common law, legislation, and judicial policy. In addition, the book provides a variety of comparative and economic perspectives on the law of tort and its likely development, always placing the subject in its socio-economic context, thereby giving students a deep understanding of tort law. The book is composed of eight parts. Part I starts by setting the scene, Part II looks at the tort of negligence. Part III turns to special forms of negligence. This is followed by Part IV which examines interference with the person. Part V turns to intentional interferences with economic interests. The next part looks at stricter forms of liability. Part VII examines the protection of human dignity which includes looking at defamation and injurious falsehood and human privacy. The last part looks at defences and remedies.
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Curlin, Farr A. Religion and Spirituality in Medical Ethics. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/med/9780190272432.003.0012.
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Religion and medical ethics are inextricably, we might say intrinsically, intertwined. This chapter starts at the surface—with how religion “shows up” in everyday clinical ethical disputes. It turns out that the religious characteristics of physicians are the strongest predictor of physicians’ approaches to ethically disputed clinical practices. That should not surprise us since below the surface of clinical disputes are inescapable moral questions to which religions give authoritative answers. That this is so calls the assumptions and practices of conventional medical ethics into question, particularly when those writing from religious traditions critique much of the culture of contemporary medicine.
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Schütze, Robert. European Union Law. Wyd. 3. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/he/9780198864660.001.0001.
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European Union Law uses a distinctive three-part structure to examine the constitutional foundations, legal powers, and substantive law of the European Union. This third edition includes an updated dedicated chapter on the past, present, and future of Brexit. Part I looks at the constitutional foundations including a constitutional history and an examination of the governmental structure of the European Union. Part II looks at governmental powers. It covers legislative, external, executive, judicial, and limiting powers. The final part considers substantive law. It starts off by examining the free movement of goods, services, and persons. It then turns to competition law and finally ends with an analysis of internal and external policies.
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Rahat, Gideon, i Ofer Kenig. Indicators of Political Personalization. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198808008.003.0007.
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Ten indicators of political personalization, covering all of its types and subtypes, are presented in this chapter. The analysis starts with the institutional personalization of both governmental (electoral systems and executives) and nongovernmental institutions (leadership selection and candidate selection in political parties). It then turns to indicators of media personalization, of both the uncontrolled (news coverage of politics) and the controlled type (unmediated messages). Finally, the chapter looks at indicators of personalization in the behavior of politicians (legislators’ behavior) and of voters. The logic and significance of each indicator is examined, as well as its advantages and limitations; and trends developed over time are presented country by country. Potential indicators that are not used are also mentioned and their exclusion is explained.
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Hoefer, Carl. Causation in Spacetime Theories. Redaktorzy Helen Beebee, Christopher Hitchcock i Peter Menzies. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199279739.003.0035.
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Although Russell maintained that causation was not to be found in advanced physical theories (which is described in this article), even he would have admitted that, if one must talk of cause–effect relations between events, then spacetime theories may well place constraints on what sorts of causal relations may exist and how they may be arranged in time. They may also imply the possibility of surprising and unexpected causal relations, and even serious causal anomalies. This article looks at what the three most important spacetime theories imply about causation. It starts with a brief look at Newtonian physics, looks at how important changes are introduced by Special Relativity theory, and finally turns to the rich causal fields of General Relativity models.
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Gabrielson, Teena, Cheryl Hall, John M. Meyer i David Schlosberg. Introducing Environmental Political Theory. Redaktorzy Teena Gabrielson, Cheryl Hall, John M. Meyer i David Schlosberg. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199685271.013.44.
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This introductory chapter offers an overview of the context, content, and history of environmental political theory (EPT) as a field of study within political science. It starts by differentiating EPT from both the subfield of political theory and other areas of sustainability and environmental studies, with its focus on the political nature of human/non-human relations. EPT’s development over the last twenty years is discussed, in terms of both substantive foci and maturation as a field. The chapter then turns to an overview of the structure and chapters of the Handbook, including chapters on EPT as a field of inquiry, the rethinking of nature and political subjects, the goals and ideals of EPT, various obstacles faced by environmental change, and the role of activism in environmental politics and thought.
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James A, Green. Part II The Criteria for the Operation of the Persistent Objector Rule, 6 The Timeliness Criterion. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/law/9780198704218.003.0007.
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This chapter analyses the last criterion for the operation of the persistent objector rule, namely, timeliness. A common feature of all mainstream understandings of the rule is that a state's objections must occur during the period where the embryonic customary law being objected to is still ‘emerging’. The chapter starts by identifying the timeless criterion in the literature and argues that state practice supports it in a broad sense. The chapter then argues that the commonly advanced justifications for the timeless criterion are unsatisfactory. The chapter then examines more pragmatic rationales. It also engages with arguments that have been made by a few commentators in support of an ex post facto right of withdrawal from customary international law. The chapter finally turns to the problems associated with actually applying the timeless criterion.
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Godfrey, Barry, Pam Cox, Heather Shore i Zoe Alker. Introduction. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198788492.003.0001.
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Chapter 1 starts with descriptions of the life courses of two individuals and goes on to explain the remit of this study, which follows the life courses and life chances of 500 people born in late nineteenth- and early twentieth-century England. Their lives are linked by virtue of their shared experiences within, or at the margins of, the early youth justice system. The chapter then summarizes key themes within the literatures that have inspired this study: life course criminology, crime history, and socio-economic history. The life course has become a rich research terrain in recent years, one that requires researchers to find ways of tracking the twists, turns, and tipping points of their subjects’ lives as they change over time. Finally, the contents of the following chapters are summarized.
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Tiberius, Valerie. Assessing Well-Being. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198809494.003.0004.
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This chapter returns to the practical question of how to help friends attain greater well-being. It starts with a summary of the questions we can ask to ascertain how a friend is doing, and then proceeds to consider some obstacles to helping. There are many challenges to helping well: we don’t know enough, we aren’t skilled enough, our friends aren’t open to the kind of help we can provide, or our friend’s values conflict with our own. Acknowledging these challenges allows us to identify guidance about how to be a more helpful friend, including the norms for when it is permissible to discount your friend’s value in case of value conflict. The end of the chapter turns to the question of how the value fulfillment theory can be applied beyond friendship to strangers, children, and animals.
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Devetak, Richard. Revisiting the Sources of Critical International Theory. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198823568.003.0003.
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This chapter revisits the intellectual resources marshalled by critical international theory. It starts with the Frankfurt School and Max Horkheimer’s distinction between two conceptions of theory—critical and traditional. The chapter then turns to extended discussions of German idealism and historical materialism—in particular, Kant, Hegel, and Marx—to outline the normative and dialectical forms of social philosophy inherited by the Frankfurt School. Arising out of Kant’s transcendental philosophy was a form of critique concerned with the epistemic conditions under which the reasoning subject attains a pure intelligence detached from experience. This provided the context in which Hegel and Marx introduced their dialectical social theories. The chapter’s final section revisits the Kantian Enlightenment, which has exerted such an important influence over critical international theory. Running through the chapter is the transformative role critical philosophy plays in restoring freedom and reason to the world.
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Thompson, James. Democracy. Redaktorzy David Brown, Gordon Pentland i Robert Crowcroft. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198714897.013.28.
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This chapter seeks to bring out the interrelated quality of twentieth century discussions of democracy, drawing especially on debates in the 1930s and 1970s. It locates these within the longer history of the British conversation about democracy, a conversation that was both influenced by discussions elsewhere and informed by comparisons with, and imaginings of, other polities. It starts with an examination of the history of debating democracy in Britain and then turns to the British way of doing democracy. It argues that the former is essential to making sense of the latter. It moves on to consider how the British have done democracy, drawing upon an emerging cultural history of democratic practices. The final section offers thoughts on the prospects for the historiography of democracy in Britain, and on what its development so far says about the state of modern British political history.
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Hodgson, Peter C. Life in the Spirit. Redaktorzy Joel D. S. Rasmussen, Judith Wolfe i Johannes Zachhuber. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198718406.013.7.
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‘Life in the Spirit’, an ancient conviction of the Church, finds diverse new meanings among the thinkers of the nineteenth century. The chapter starts with a distinguished line of Protestants from Schleiermacher, Hegel, and Kierkegaard to Bushnell, Royce, and Troeltsch. Then it turns to three Anglicans (Coleridge, Maurice, Gore); to Möhler and the Catholic Tübingen School; and to Soloviev and Russian religious thought. It ends with ‘marginalized voices’ of the century, voices that spoke of the Spirit in the genre not of theology but of sermon, song, and story. The purpose is to display as much variety in viewpoint as possible and not to resolve contradictions. Tensions are inherent to the topic itself. It is clear that, despite the centrality of Christological issues in this century, the Spirit too comes into its own, blowing in every direction.
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Franzese, Robert J., i Jude C. Hays. Empirical Models of Spatial Inter‐Dependence. Redaktorzy Janet M. Box-Steffensmeier, Henry E. Brady i David Collier. Oxford University Press, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199286546.003.0025.
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This article discusses the role of ‘spatial interdependence’ between units of analysis by using a symmetric weighting matrix for the units of observation whose elements reflect the relative connectivity between unit i and unit j. It starts by addressing spatial interdependence in political science. There are two workhorse regression models in empirical spatial analysis: spatial lag and spatial error models. The article then addresses OLS estimation and specification testing under the null hypothesis of no spatial dependence. It turns to the topic of assessing spatial lag models, and a discussion of spatial error models. Moreover, it reports the calculation of spatial multipliers. Furthermore, it presents several newer applications of spatial techniques in empirical political science research: SAR models with multiple lags, SAR models for binary dependent variables, and spatio-temporal autoregressive (STAR) models for panel data.
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Bereni, Laure. Women’s Movements and Feminism. Redaktorzy Robert Elgie, Emiliano Grossman i Amy G. Mazur. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669691.013.21.
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This chapter starts by exploring the ways in which comparative research on women’s movements has challenged dominant conceptions in social movement theory, notably the antagonism between movements and institutions and the conflation of protest and disruption. The chapter then turns to the specific insights of French research on the women’s movement and feminism. First, a series of studies have explored the politicization of gender identity and the the historical interplay between mobilizing as women and doing so for women. Second, there has been considerable examination of the complex ways in which feminist protest has become ingrained in state institutions. Third, several works have focused on the process of diffusion and individual appropriation of feminist ideas outside the women’s movement. A recent line of research has placed the emphasis on the intersecting power relationships that shape the contemporary women’s movement.
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Kyritsis, Dimitrios. Are Courts the Forum of Constitutional Principle? Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199672257.003.0003.
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This chapter examines a number of positions that defend the legitimacy of constitutional review on grounds of a special connection between courts and fundamental rights. It starts by insisting that the issue cannot be settled by appeal to any constitutional logic but must make reference to political morality. It then critically assesses the view that sees in courts a forum for the realization of a general procedural right to lodge complaints against political decisions setting back our interests. Such a procedural right, though, is dubious and does not straightforwardly apply to constitutional design. The chapter then turns to Ronald Dworkin’s thesis that courts ought to decide questions of principle and not policy and are better suited for this purpose than legislatures. However, this thesis cannot account for the dependence of the judicial role on legislative decisions.
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Chen, Shu-Heng, Mak Kaboudan i Ye-Rong Du. Computational Economics in the Era of Natural Computationalism. Redaktorzy Shu-Heng Chen, Mak Kaboudan i Ye-Rong Du. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199844371.013.1.
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After a brief review of natural computationalism, this introductory chapter presents a new skeleton of computational economics and finance (CEF) along with an overview of the handbook. It begins with a conventional pursuit focusing on the algorithmic or numerical aspect of CEF such as computational efforts devoted to rational expectations, (dynamic) general equilibrium, and volatility. It then moves toward an automata- or organism-based perspective of CEF, involving nature-inspired intelligence, algorithmic trading, automated markets, network- and agent-based computing, and neural computing. As an alternative way to introduce this novel skeleton, the chapter starts with a view of computation or computing, addressing what computational economics intends to compute and what kinds of economics make computation so hard, and then it turns to a view of computing systems in which the Walrasian kind of computational economics is replaced by the Wolframian kind due to computational irreducibility.
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Moyn, Samuel. Concepts of the Political in Twentieth-Century European Thought. Redaktorzy Jens Meierhenrich i Oliver Simons. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199916931.013.003.
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This chapter surveys the fate of Carl Schmitt’s concept of the political in twentieth-century European thought. It starts with the main outlines of his founding text The Concept of the Political, with emphasis on conceptual ambiguities in Schmitt’s argumentation that others would identify and exploit. It then turns to a recent debate about which young German Jew—Hans Morgenthau or Leo Strauss—most influenced the revisions Schmitt made to his text between editions, concluding that the role of both has been overstated. The balance of the chapter reconstructs an alternative—and in some ways opposed—French tradition of conceptualizing the political with roots in the thought of Raymond Aron. Culminating in Claude Lefort, this tradition decentered the role of enmity that Schmitt wanted to define the political, a point dramatized in conclusion with discussion of international relations theory and how the French tradition conceived of warfare and strife.
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Costa, Olivier. Legislative Politics. Redaktorzy Robert Elgie, Emiliano Grossman i Amy G. Mazur. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199669691.013.10.
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This chapter proposes an assessment of the state of the study of legislative politics in France. It starts with a review of how the study of legislative politics has developed comparatively over time and identifies the major current debates in the comparative literature. Then it turns to the French case, explaining its weaknesses and peculiarities, and assessing the current state of legislative studies in France. We see that, for a long time, legislative studies were rare in the landscape of French political science. Things, though, have evolved since the end of the 1990s, when there was a renewed scholarly interest in central institutions and actors of the French political regime as well as the emergence of new work that was better connected with the methods, theories, and topics of mainstream legislative studies. Finally, we underline some dimensions of the agenda for the future study of legislative politics in France.
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Danckaert, Lieven. Changing EPP parameters. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198759522.003.0005.
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This chapter starts with a description of the core facts concerning the VPAux/AuxVP alternation in the history of Latin. In the case of modal verbs and infinitives, there is a clear decline of the head-final order VPAux, whereas Late Latin BE-periphrases surprisingly prefer this order. Against the backdrop of these observations, the discussion then turns to the analysis of Classical and Late Latin clause structure. It is proposed that during the transition from Classical to Late Latin, a major parametric change took place related to the way the clausal EPP-requirement is satisfied. In the earlier grammar (‘Grammar A’), the entire VP undergoes A-movement to the high T-domain, resulting in the characteristic VPAux word order. In the later grammar (‘Grammar B’) the EPP-requirement is met by means of verb movement, with the VP staying in situ. In this grammar VPAux-orders are derived through roll-up movement, which is incompatible with the VOAux-pattern.
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Austen, Jane, i Jane Stabler. Mansfield Park. Redaktor James Kinsley. Oxford University Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199535538.001.0001.
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‘Me!’ cried Fanny … ‘Indeed you must excuse me. I could not act any thing if you were to give me the world. No, indeed, I cannot act.’ At the age of ten, Fanny Price leaves the poverty of her Portsmouth home to be brought up among the family of her wealthy uncle, Sir Thomas Bertram, in the chilly grandeur of Mansfield Park. There she accepts her lowly status, and gradually falls in love with her cousin Edmund. When the dazzling and sophisticated Henry and Mary Crawford arrive, Fanny watches as her cousins become embroiled in rivalry and sexual jealousy. As the company starts to rehearse a play by way of entertainment, Fanny struggles to retain her independence in the face of the Crawfords’ dangerous attractions; and when Henry turns his attentions to her, the drama really begins… This new edition does full justice to Austen’s complex and subtle story, placing it in its Regency context and elucidating the theatrical background that pervades the novel.
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Davey, Kent. Magnetic field stimulation: the brain as a conductor. Redaktorzy Charles M. Epstein, Eric M. Wassermann i Ulf Ziemann. Oxford University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780198568926.013.0005.
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For the purposes of magnetic stimulation, the brain can be treated as a homogeneous conductor. A properly designed brain stimulation system starts with the target stimulation depth, and it should incorporate the neural strength–duration response characteristics. Higher-frequency pulses require stronger electric fields. The background of this article is the theoretical base determining, where in the brain TMS induces electrical activity, and whether this shifts as a function of differences in the conductivity and organization of gray matter, white matter, and cerebrospinal fluid. The use of strong electric fields to treat many neurological disorders is well established. Both in the treatment of incontinence and clinical depression, the electric field should be sufficiently strong to initiate an action potential. The frequency, system voltage, capacitance, core stimulator size, and number of turns are treated as unknowns in a TMS stimulation design. This article presents the possible topological changes to be considered in the future.
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Schneider, Florian. The Mediated Massacre. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190876791.003.0005.
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This chapter turns to the Nanjing Massacre on China’s web and discusses how digital resources allow national communities to collectively ‘remember’ their past. The analysis of these processes starts with the online encyclopaedias that China’s major search companies maintain online. How do these information repositories present knowledge on the Nanjing Massacre? Next, the chapter discusses the discourses that websites on this issue construct and the digital features that such websites deploy. As this chapter shows, the Nanjing Massacre discourse draws mostly from authoritative, vetted sources in a static way that offers very little space for discussion and that treats this episode of modern history as a shrine rather than a forum. This outcome offers an intriguing glimpse into how China’s web works on established, political issues, and how it is today essentially an info-web: a traditional mass-communication space in which established stake-holders shape nationalist discourse for their own purposes.
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Schweitzer, Stuart O., i Z. John Lu. Pharmaceutical Economics and Policy. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190623784.001.0001.
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Pharmaceuticals play a critical role in the raging debate over how best to advance and improve healthcare in the United States and the rest of the world. Using the analytical tools of economics, this book explores the conflicting priorities and aims of the biopharmaceutical industry. It starts out by describing the supply side of pharmaceuticals in all its forms, including the traditional pharmaceutical sector, the biotechnology sector, and the generic sector, as well as the increased blending among them. It next turns to the demand side, looking at the determinants of demand for pharmaceutical products. It discusses third-party payer coverage and patient access issues, and considers pharmaceutical demand factors in both emerging markets and industrialized parts of the world. Drawing extensively from recent economics and policy literatures, this book examines if and how a drug’s pricing strategy is influenced by clinical and economic attributes, characteristics of third-party payers, cost of research and development, competition from other branded drugs and generics, and other factors. An in-depth analysis looks at various drug promotional programs, their effectiveness in influencing demand and price, and the corresponding controversies and ensuing public debates. The focus of the book then turns toward pharmaceutical regulation, including the patent system, the approval process for both branded and generic drugs, the regulation of drug promotion, and major drug legislations since the beginning of the twentieth century. The book concludes by offering a look ahead at evolving industry structure, research methods, product characteristics, financing mechanisms, and regulatory policies affecting both price and access to pharmaceuticals worldwide.
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Zola, Émile. Earth. Redaktor Brian Nelson. Tłumacz Julie Rose. Oxford University Press, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/owc/9780199677870.001.0001.
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‘Only the earth is immortal…the earth we love enough to commit murder for her.’ Zola's novel of peasant life, the fifteenth in the Rougon-Macquart series, is generally regarded as one of his finest achievements, comparable to Germinal and L'Assommoir. Set in a village in the Beauce, in northern France, it depicts the harshness of the peasants’ world and their visceral attachment to the land. Jean Macquart, a veteran of the battle of Solferino and now an itinerant farm labourer, is drawn into the affairs of the Fouan family when he starts courting young Françoise. He becomes involved in a bitter dispute over the property of Papa Fouan when the old man divides his land between his three children. Resentment turns to greed and violence in a Darwinian battle for supremacy. Zola's unflinching depiction of the savagery of peasant life shocked his readers, and led to attacks on Naturalism's literary agenda. This new translation captures the novel's blend of brutality and lyricism in its evocation of the inexorable cycle of the natural world.
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Drexler-Dreis, Joseph. Decolonial Love. Fordham University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.5422/fordham/9780823281886.001.0001.
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This book raises the question of what it means to engage in theological reflection in an authentic way in the present context of global coloniality. In response to the historical manifestations of the coloniality of power on the levels of being, knowledge, and eschatology, it searches for a decolonized image of salvation that can unsettle historical structures of coloniality. The book starts by analyzing modern/colonial structures that shape the present context and the ways Christian theology is entangled in these structures. I then argues that the theological work of Ignacio Ellacuría and Jon Sobrino points to the theoretical possibility of a theology that contests the patterns of domination that continue after political decolonization. Using the work of Ellacuría and Sobrino, it turns to the ways Frantz Fanon and James Baldwin responded to colonial modernity by exposing idols and revealing illusionary notions of stasis in light of alternative commitments to orientations of decolonial love. This decolonial love, and the ways it is historicized in praxis, is perceived as violent from the perspective of Western modernity. This book argues that the orientations of decolonial from which Fanon and Baldwin operate break open cracks in Western modernity and make salvation present in history. Decolonial love thus becomes theologically pedagogic—that is, it provides a source from which to make theological claims. Decolonial love offers one way of doing theology and one way of shaping the content of a decolonized image of salvation.
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Shaw, Jo. The People in Question. Policy Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1332/policypress/9781529208894.001.0001.
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The book explores tensions in the relationship between citizenship and constitutions. It starts from the proposition that the citizen is a central figure in most if not all constitutional set-ups at the state level, and then highlights the paradox that in many constitutions matters of citizenship are not regulated in detail. The idea of the ‘constitutional citizen’ is developed and explored in Part Two, across chapters looking at the ideal of citizenship, modes of acquisition and loss of citizenship, and citizenship rights. Two themes emerge in those central chapters: the potential role of superordinate constitutional principles such as equality and dignity in filling out the concept of constitutional citizenship and the question as to how states should determine the boundaries of citizenship. Should it be via the constitution as interpreted by courts, or via the legislature as representing the people? Part Three of the book explores some of the challenges which the idea of constitutional citizenship faces today. It looks at the effects of the rise of populist politics in many countries, including the acceleration in some countries of constitutional amendments to mirror an exclusivist concept of the people. Then it turns to the fragmentation of the governance of citizenship. Here we see a turn away from an exclusive focus on the state and an increased impact of international institutions on citizenship. An exploration of the paradox of the simultaneous rise of populism and globalisation forms the centrepiece of the book’s conclusions.
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Schulkin, Jay. The CRF Signal. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780198793694.001.0001.
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This book discusses just how diverse a peptide corticotrophin-releasing factor (CRF) is, as demonstrated by its presence in various tissues in the body, including the skin, the placenta, and various regions of the brain. As Dobzhansky (1962) noted, in light of Darwin (1874), and beyond, CRF must be placed in the larger world of regulatory biology. Evolutionary trends do not proceed in a continuous one-dimensional direction; there are starts, turns, and abrupt ends. The study of CRF is mostly about diverse functions in physiological and behavioral regulation of the internal milieu and adapting to an ecological and or social context. The book begins with a depiction of the evolutionary origins of CRF in living things, dating back hundreds of millions of years. The book pushes the conception of CRF beyond the HPA axis and common knowledge. We study the role of CRF in metamorphosis and parturition. Further, CRF is a contributor to fear and anxiety, and the book explains how excessive fear is tied to anxiety disorders and vulnerability to the breakdown of mental and physical health. Also discussed is CRF in approach/avoidance behaviors across pre- and postnatal events. CRF is intimately involved in organ development, but it is also linked to devolution of function and conditions of danger. Cravings, addictions, and how CRF is tied both to the ingestion of diverse drugs and to withdrawal are explored. CRF is considered as an epistemic object, addressing what constitutes an information molecule, in general, and CRF, in particular.
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Kirchman, David L. The physical-chemical environment of microbes. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198789406.003.0003.
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Many physical-chemical properties affecting microbes are familiar to ecologists examining large organisms in our visible world. This chapter starts by reviewing the basics of these properties, such as the importance of water for microbes in soils and temperature in all environments. Another important property, pH, has direct effects on organisms and indirect effects via how hydrogen ions determine the chemical form of key molecules and compounds in nature. Oxygen content is also critical, as it is essential to the survival of all but a few eukaryotes. Light is used as an energy source by phototrophs, but it can have deleterious effects on microbes. In addition to these familiar factors, the small size of microbes sets limits on their physical world. Microbes are said to live in a “low Reynolds number environment”. When the Reynolds number is smaller than about one, viscous forces dominate over inertial forces. For a macroscopic organism like us, moving in a low Reynolds number environment would seem like swimming in molasses. Microbes in both aquatic and terrestrial habitats live in a low Reynolds number world, one of many similarities between the two environments at the microbial scale. Most notably, even soil microbes live in an aqueous world, albeit a thin film of water on soil particles. But the soil environment is much more heterogeneous than water, with profound consequences for biogeochemical processes and interactions among microbes. The chapter ends with a discussion of how the physical-chemical environment of microbes in biofilms is quite different from that of free-living organisms.