Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Swimming device”
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Corral Bobadilla, Marina, Eliseo P. Vergara Gonzalez, Ruben Lostado Lorza, Fatima Somovilla Gomez i Roberto Fernández Martínez. "Design of a Device to Eliminate Isocyanuric Acid from Water". Applied Mechanics and Materials 799-800 (październik 2015): 952–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.799-800.952.
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This paper shows the design of a device for partial eliminating of isocyanuric acid (ICN) from swimming pool water using melamine additives. The renewal process of swimming pool water through its own purification makes absolutely necessary the elimination of isocyanuric acid that has been accumulated in the water over time. An excess of isocyanuric acid in water will then prevent chlorine effectiveness in the pool water and as a result, becomes harmful to human health. Therefore, the disinfection stage is considered as well as Isocyanuric acid (ICN) stabilization and as doing this is achieved through melamine-photometry filtering of insoluble complex ICN-M. The overall objective of these stages of purification is to eventually eliminate ICN from swimming pool. The overall objective of this device is to eventually eliminate ICN from swimming pool and then make it safe for human uses, a case that has been considered viable technologically and economically in the system treatment.
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Pouya, C., K. Hoggard, S. H. Gossage, H. R. Peter, T. Poole i G. R. Nash. "Frequency dependence of surface acoustic wave swimming". Journal of The Royal Society Interface 16, nr 155 (czerwiec 2019): 20190113. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsif.2019.0113.
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Surface acoustic waves (SAWs) are elastic waves that can be excited directly on the surface of piezoelectric crystals using a transducer, leading to their exploitation for numerous technological applications, including for example microfluidics. Recently, the concept of SAW streaming, which underpins SAW microfluidics, was extended to make the first experimental demonstration of ‘SAW swimming’, where instead of moving water droplets on the surface of a device, SAWs are used as a propulsion mechanism. Using theoretical analysis and experiments, we show that the SAW swimming force can be controlled directly by changing the SAW frequency, due to attenuation and changing force distributions within each SAW streaming jet. Additionally, an optimum frequency exists which generates a maximum SAW swimming force. The SAW frequency can therefore be used to control the efficiency and forward force of these SAW swimming devices. The SAW swimming propulsion mechanism also mimics that used by many microorganisms, where propulsion is produced by a cyclic distortion of the body shape. This improved understanding of SAW swimming provides a test-bed for exploring the science of microorganism swimming, and could bring new insight to the evolutionary significance for the length and beating frequency of swimming microbial flagella.
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Szczepan, Stefan, Krystyna Zatoń i Andrzej Klarowicz. "The Effect of Concurrent Visual Feedback on Controlling Swimming Speed". Polish Journal of Sport and Tourism 23, nr 1 (1.03.2016): 3–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/pjst-2016-0001.
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Abstract Introduction. Developing the ability to control the speed of swimming is an important part of swimming training. Maintaining a defined constant speed makes it possible for the athlete to swim economically at a low physiological cost. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of concurrent visual feedback transmitted by the Leader device on the control of swimming speed in a single exercise test. Material and methods. The study involved a group of expert swimmers (n = 20). Prior to the experiment, the race time for the 100 m distance was determined for each of the participants. In the experiment, the participants swam the distance of 100 m without feedback and with visual feedback. In both variants, the task of the participants was to swim the test distance in a time as close as possible to the time designated prior to the experiment. In the first version of the experiment (without feedback), the participants swam the test distance without receiving real-time feedback on their swimming speed. In the second version (with visual feedback), the participants followed a beam of light moving across the bottom of the swimming pool, generated by the Leader device. Results. During swimming with visual feedback, the 100 m race time was significantly closer to the time designated. The difference between the pre-determined time and the time obtained was significantly statistically lower during swimming with visual feedback (p = 0.00002). Conclusions. Concurrently transmitting visual feedback to athletes improves their control of swimming speed. The Leader device has proven useful in controlling swimming speed.
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Lanotte, Nunzio, Giuseppe Annino, Stefano Bifaretti, Giorgio Gatta, Cristian Romagnoli, Alessandro Salvucci i Vincenzo Bonaiuto. "A New Device for Propulsion Analysis in Swimming". Proceedings 2, nr 6 (23.02.2018): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2060285.
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Atha, J., D. Harris, G. West i P. K. Manley. "Monitoring Performance Using a Real-Time Biodynamic Feedback Device". International Journal of Sport Biomechanics 1, nr 4 (listopad 1985): 348–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/ijsb.1.4.348.
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A prototype swimming tachometer is described which consists of a waterproof box housing a battery-powered electronic system linked externally to an opto-electronic velocity transducer. The device is strapped to the hips, where it monitors water flow to produce continuous measurements of two critical variables of swimming performance, namely, velocity and acceleration. These measurements are converted in real time to auditory feedback signals to the subject via an ear plug. Permanent records may be taken simultaneously as an option using a switched external line.
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Solana-Tramunt, Monica, Bernat Buscà, Jose Morales, Adrià Miró, Joan Aguilera-Castells i Jordi Arboix-Alió. "Effects of Wearing a Jaw-repositioning Intra-oral Device in Synchronized Swimming Athletes". International Journal of Sports Medicine 41, nr 12 (26.06.2020): 839–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/a-1179-5806.
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AbstractThe effects of wearing an intra-oral device on several ventilatory and fatigue markers have been reported for a variety of sports. The quality of the figures performed in synchronized swimming is directly affected by fatigue, and can be monitored during training sessions (TS). The aim of the study was to investigate the acute effects of wearing customized intra-oral devices on heart rate variability, rating of perceived exertion, blood lactate accumulation, and salivary cortisol production during a competitive training session. Twelve highly trained elite female athletes (age: 21.0±3.6 years) participated in the study. Fatigue markers were assessed at the beginning and at the end of the 3rd and 5th afternoon TS for that week, once with and once without an intra-oral device, in random order. Salivary cortisol levels were higher in relation to the baseline in the intra-oral device condition (P<0.05) but not in athletes without an intra-oral device. No differences between conditions were found in rating of perceived exertion (P=0.465) and blood lactate (P=0.711). No time or condition interactions or main effects were shown for heart rate variability. Thus, there is no evidence that wearing a low-arch intra-oral device is a good recommendation for high-standard athletes performing long and stressful routines.
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Kałamajska, Elżbieta, Jacek Misiurewicz i Jerzy Weremczuk. "Wearable Pulse Oximeter for Swimming Pool Safety". Sensors 22, nr 10 (18.05.2022): 3823. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22103823.
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The purpose of this research was to develop an algorithm for a wearable device that would prevent people from drowning in swimming pools. The device should detect pre-drowning symptoms and alert the rescue staff. The proposed detection method is based on analyzing real-time data collected from a set of sensors, including a pulse oximeter. The pulse oximetry technique is used for measuring the heart rate and oxygen saturation in the subject’s blood. It is an optical method; subsequently, the measurements obtained this way are highly sensitive to interference from the subject’s motion. To eliminate noise caused by the subject’s movement, accelerometer data were used in the system. If the acceleration sensor does not detect movement, a biosensor is activated, and an analysis of selected physiological parameters is performed. Such a setup of the algorithm allows the device to distinguish situations in which the person rests and does not move from situations in which the examined person has lost consciousness and has begun to drown.
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de Jesus, Karla, Luis Mourão, Hélio Roesler, Nuno Viriato, Kelly de Jesus, Mário Vaz, Ricardo Fernandes i João Paulo Vilas-Boas. "3D Device for Forces in Swimming Starts and Turns". Applied Sciences 9, nr 17 (30.08.2019): 3559. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app9173559.
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Biomechanical tools capable of detecting external forces in swimming starts and turns have been developed since 1970. This study described the development and validation of a three-dimensional (six-degrees of freedom) instrumented block for swimming starts and turns. Seven force plates, a starting block, an underwater structure, one pair of handgrips and feet supports for starts were firstly designed, numerically simulated, manufactured and validated according to the Fédération Internationale de Natation rules. Static and dynamic force plate simulations revealed deformations between 290 to 376 µε and 279 to 545 µε in the anterior-posterior and vertical axis and 182 to 328.6 Hz resonance frequencies. Force plates were instrumented with 24 strain gauges each connected to full Wheatstone bridge circuits. Static and dynamic calibration revealed linearity ( R 2 between 0.97 and 0.99) and non-meaningful cross-talk between orthogonal (1%) axes. Laboratory and ecological validation revealed the similarity between force curve profiles. The need for discriminating each upper and lower limb force responses has implied a final nine-force plates solution with seven above and two underwater platforms. The instrumented block has given an unprecedented contribution to accurate external force measurements in swimming starts and turns.
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OHGI, Yuji, Hiroshi ICHIKAWA i Chikara MIYAJI. "Microcomputer-based Acceleration Sensor Device for Swimming Stroke Monitoring." JSME International Journal Series C 45, nr 4 (2002): 960–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmec.45.960.
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Garcia-Seyda, Nicolas, Laurene Aoun, Victoria Tishkova, Valentine Seveau, Martine Biarnes-Pelicot, Marc Bajénoff, Marie-Pierre Valignat i Olivier Theodoly. "Microfluidic device to study flow-free chemotaxis of swimming cells". Lab on a Chip 20, nr 9 (2020): 1639–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/d0lc00045k.
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Riordon, Jason, Farhang Tarlan, Jae Bem You, Biao Zhang, Percival J. Graham, Tian Kong, Yihe Wang i in. "Two-dimensional planar swimming selects for high DNA integrity sperm". Lab on a Chip 19, nr 13 (2019): 2161–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c9lc00209j.
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Yan, Yimo, Haoran Liu, Boxuan Zhang i Ran Liu. "A PMMA-Based Microfluidic Device for Human Sperm Evaluation and Screening on Swimming Capability and Swimming Persistence". Micromachines 11, nr 9 (21.08.2020): 793. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/mi11090793.
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The selection of high-quality sperm is essential to the success of in vitro fertilization (IVF). As human cervical mucus has a high viscosity, without enough swimming persistence, human sperm clouds cannot arrive at the ampulla to fertilize the egg. In this study, we used swimming capability and motion characteristics that are known to be associated with fertilization ability to evaluate the quality of sperm. Here, a clinically applicable polymethyl methacrylate (PMMA)-based microdevice was designed and fabricated for sperm evaluation and screening for swimming capability and persistence in a viscous environment. In this study, we applied methylcellulose (MC) to mimic the natural properties of mucus in vivo to achieve the selection of motile sperm. Sperm motion was recorded by an inverted microscope. The statistical features were extracted and analyzed. Hundreds of sperm in two treated groups with different concentrations of MC and one control group with human tubal fluid (HTF) media were video recorded. This device can achieve a one-step procedure of high-quality sperm selection and achieve the quantitative evaluation of sperm swimming capability and persistence. Sperm with good swimming capability and persistence may be more suitable for fertilization in a viscous environment. This microdevice and methods could be used to guide the evaluation of sperm motility and screening in the future.
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Cosoli, Gloria, Luca Antognoli, Valentina Veroli i Lorenzo Scalise. "Accuracy and Precision of Wearable Devices for Real-Time Monitoring of Swimming Athletes". Sensors 22, nr 13 (23.06.2022): 4726. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22134726.
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Nowadays, the use of wearable devices is spreading in different fields of application, such as healthcare, digital health, and sports monitoring. In sport applications, the present trend is to continuously monitor the athletes’ physiological parameters during training or competitions to maximize performance and support coaches. This paper aims to evaluate the performances in heart rate assessment, in terms of accuracy and precision, of both wrist-worn and chest-strap commercial devices used during swimming activity, considering a test population of 10 expert swimmers. Three devices were employed: Polar H10 cardiac belt, Polar Vantage V2, and Garmin Venu Sq smartwatches. The former was used as a reference device to validate the data measured by the two smartwatches. Tests were performed both in dry and wet conditions, considering walking/running on a treadmill and different swimming styles in water, respectively. The measurement accuracy and precision were evaluated through standard methods, i.e., Bland–Altman plot, analysis of deviations, and Pearson’s correlation coefficient. Results show that both precision and accuracy worsen during swimming activity (with an absolute increase of the measurement deviation in the range of 13–56 bpm for mean value and 49–52 bpm for standard deviation), proving how water and arms movement act as relevant interference inputs. Moreover, it was found that wearable performance decreases when activity intensity increases, highlighting the need for specific research for wearable applications in water, with a particular focus on swimming-related sports activities.
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Roberto, Edward Samuel, Thein Tun Aung, Atif Hassan i Abdul Wase. "Electromagnetic Interference from Swimming Pool Generator Current Causing Inappropriate ICD Discharges". Case Reports in Cardiology 2017 (2017): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/6714307.
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Electromagnetic interference (EMI) includes any electromagnetic field signal that can be detected by device circuitry, with potentially serious consequences: incorrect sensing, pacing, device mode switching, and defibrillation. This is a unique case of extracardiac EMI by alternating current leakage from a submerged motor used to recycle chlorinated water, resulting in false rhythm detection and inappropriate ICD discharge. A 31-year-old female with arrhythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy and Medtronic dual-chamber ICD placement presented after several inappropriate ICD shocks at the public swimming pool. Patient had never received prior shocks and device was appropriate at all regular follow-ups. Intracardiac electrograms revealed unique, high-frequency signals at exactly 120 msec suggestive of EMI from a strong external source of alternating current. Electrical artifact was incorrectly sensed as a ventricular arrhythmia which resulted in discharge. ICD parameters including sensing, pacing thresholds, and impedance were all normal suggesting against device malfunction. With device failure and intracardiac sources excluded, EMI was therefore strongly suspected. Avoidance of EMI source brought complete resolution with no further inappropriate shocks. After exclusion of intracardiac interference, device malfunction, and abnormal settings, extracardiac etiologies such as EMI must be thoughtfully considered and excluded. Elimination of inappropriate shocks is to “first, do no harm.”
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Hermosilla, Francisco, Lis Corral-Gómez, José M. González-Ravé, Daniel Juárez Santos-García, David Rodríguez-Rosa, Sergio Juárez-Pérez i Fernando J. Castillo-Garcia. "SwimOne. New Device for Determining Instantaneous Power and Propulsive Forces in Swimming". Sensors 20, nr 24 (14.12.2020): 7169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20247169.
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The propulsive forces and instantaneous power that are generated by a swimmer have a great influence on the swimming performance. This works presents a new device, called SwimOne, for measuring propulsive force and estimating the instantaneous power of the swimmer. In addition, the detailed prototype is able to exert a customizable opposition force to the swimmer for training purpose. The conceptual idea is presented by describing the differential equation of the swimmer and the protocol for a factible estimation of the instantaneous power. The variables that are to be measured and estimated are identified and, consequently, the sensor and actuator systems can be selected. The high-level and detailed designs of the prototype are presented together with the protocol that is carried out in order to validate the sensor and actuation systems. The device is able to monitor the variables of interest of the swimmer together with the propulsive force and instant power. Finally, some experiments are carried out providing the results of several participants swimming in crawl, backstroke, butterfly, and breaststroke styles in the presence of different opposition force. The preliminary results show that SwimOne is valid for measuring instantaneous force and power with different loads in swimming.
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McEwen, Robert J., i Jeffrey D. McEwen. "Device and method for sonar measurement of a swimming pool". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 123, nr 4 (2008): 1819. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/1.2909021.
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Mitzel, Michael R., Nicholas Lin, Joann K. Whalen i Nathalie Tufenkji. "Chlamydomonas reinhardtii displays aversive swimming response to silver nanoparticles". Environmental Science: Nano 4, nr 6 (2017): 1328–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1039/c7en00233e.
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Wiguna, Tedy, Seok Heo, Hoon Cheol Park i Nam Seo Goo. "Mechanical Design of Biomimetic Fish Robot Using LIPCA as Artificial Muscle". Key Engineering Materials 326-328 (grudzień 2006): 1443–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.326-328.1443.
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This paper presents a mechanical design of biomimetic fish robot using the Lightweight Piezo-Composite Actuator (LIPCA). We have designed a mechanism for converting actuation of the LIPCA into caudal fin movement. The linkage mechanism consists of rack-pinion and four-bar linkage systems. Two kinds of caudal fins are fabricated such that the shapes resemble subcarangiform and ostraciiform caudal fin shape, respectively, and then attached to the linkage system. The swimming test using 300 Vpp input with 1 Hz to 3 Hz frequency was conducted to investigate the effect of tail beat frequency and shape of caudal fin on the swimming speed. The maximum swimming speed was reached when the device was operated at its natural swimming frequency. At the natural swimming frequency of 1.016 Hz, maximum swimming speeds were 1.267 cm/s and 1.041 cm/s for ostraciiform and subcarangiform caudal fin, respectively. The Strouhal numbers, which are a measure of thrust efficiency, were also calculated in order to examine thrust performance of the present biomimetic fish robot.
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Kato, Naomi. "Swimming and Walking of an Amphibious Robot With Fin Actuators". Marine Technology Society Journal 45, nr 4 (1.07.2011): 181–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.45.4.16.
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AbstractWith the goal of automatic monitoring of environments along natural coastal areas and tidal flats, researchers designed and developed an amphibious robot equipped with fin actuators called “RT-I” that mimics the locomotion of both a tortoise and a sea turtle. Experiments were carried out using a forearm with 4 degrees of freedom, which can reproduce the walking motions of tortoises and sea turtles on sand, to evaluate the walking performances of a robotic tortoise and a robotic sea turtle. It was clarified that the arm for a robotic tortoise is more suitable for use on soil compared with the arm for a robotic sea turtle. The advantages of both sea turtles and tortoises were adopted in a robotic turtle, namely, the lift-based swimming mode sea turtles use and the quadrupedal locomotion tortoises use. The present amphibious robot consists of four main components: (i) leg units, (ii) a control unit pressure hull, (iii) a buoyancy adjusting device, and (iv) a fairing cover. To realize not only swimming motion with the combination of flapping, rowing, and feathering, but also tortoise-like walking motion, three motors were set up at the acromioclavicular joint using a differential gear mechanism to independently produce the three types of motion, and one motor was set up to produce elbow joint motion. A buoyancy-adjusting device was installed to realize walking on land and in water as well as swimming in shallow water. The swimming and walking performances of the amphibious robot in water were evaluated by measuring the forward swimming speed, backward swimming speed, speed of turning, and speed of descending vertically as the indexes of the maneuverability of the robotic turtle, and the walking speed and propulsive efficiency with the crawl gait for various walking patterns in still water and in waves.
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Gersner, Roman, Dalit E. Dar, Maytal Shabat-Simon i Abraham Zangen. "Behavioral analysis during the forced swimming test using a joystick device". Journal of Neuroscience Methods 143, nr 2 (kwiecień 2005): 117–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jneumeth.2004.09.017.
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Liu, Hanlin, Fuxian Gong i Oscar Curet. "Unleashing the Potential of Undulating Fin Propulsion Using a Biomimetic Robotic Vessel". Marine Technology Society Journal 51, nr 5 (1.09.2017): 79–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.51.5.7.
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AbstractUndulating fins are an excellent propulsion model for highly maneuverable underwater vehicles, due to their rich locomotor capabilities and high efficiency at moderate speed. In this study, we designed, developed, and tested a self-contained, free-swimming robotic device, the KnifeBot, to emulate the locomotor behaviors of knifefish, a typical fish that excels in using this type of propulsion. This novel biomimetic underwater vehicle uses an elongated ribbon-like fin composed of 16 fin rays interconnected by a compliant membrane as the propulsor. It features a slender 3D printed hull, 16 DC motors for actuating the fin rays, 2 Li-Ion batteries for providing power, wireless radio communication, and various sensors to measure acceleration, orientation, inside temperature, pressure and to detect leakage. We used this robotic device in two experimental sets: (1) the robot without pectoral fins to perform forward swimming, reversed swimming, and hovering maneuvers and (2) the robot with a pair of pectoral fins with fixed angle of attack (−5°) to perform forward swimming. In this paper, we focus on the design, implementation, and control of the robot. We also present the results of forward swimming velocity, power consumption, and Euler orientation angles of the robot with and without pectoral fins. Our results show that the cost of transport follows a V-shape trend with the lowest point at low swimming speed, indicating the undulating fin propulsion is more efficient at low speeds. For the cases studied, the Strouhal number, St, ranges from 0.5 to 0.2 with the best cost-of-transport corresponding to St = 0.2. We found that the airfoil-like pectoral fins at small negative angles of attack slightly slow down the speed of the robotic vessel and reduce its pitch angle. The robot can take advantage of the pectoral fins to control its maneuver from swimming at the water surface to rapid diving. Our findings demonstrate that undulating fin-based propulsion has the potential to enhance the mobility and performance of underwater vehicles navigating in complex environments.
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Narayan, Advaith, Mingyang Cui i J. Mark Meacham. "Using motile cells to characterize surface acoustic wave-based acoustofluidic devices". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, nr 4 (październik 2022): A35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015453.
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Acoustic microfluidics is a robust and powerful method to manipulate cells and cell-like particles on chip, having good biocompatibility and ease of incorporation into multioperation microfluidic devices compared to optical manipulation. However, the use of acoustic microfluidics is largely confined to research settings. The primary barrier to translation of this technology toward clinical and industrial uses is the inability to experimentally determine the pressure field (shape and amplitude) and associated acoustophoretic forces in real time as device conditions vary. Despite the multitude of previous characterization methods, none provide the flexibility of motile cells (e.g., the unicellular alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii) as probes to map evolving pressure fields on chip. We have previously developed this approach for use with bulk acoustic wave (BAW)-based devices. Here, we extend the method to qualitatively assess device resonances and relative field strengths for surface acoustic wave (SAW)-based devices with straight channels and circular chambers driven at 6 MHz and 20 MHz. The fabrication and electrical characterization of hybrid BAW/SAW devices with glass channels are also discussed. Upon testing, the optimal device operating parameters are identified using impedance measurements, as well as visual identification of resonant frequencies using the swimming algae cells.
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Ichikawa, Hiroshi, Hirofumi Shimojo, Yasuhiro Baba, Takao Mise, Rio Nara i Yoshimitsu Shimoyama. "The Difference of Propulsive Force between Water Surface and Underwater Conditions in Flutter Kick Swimming". Proceedings 49, nr 1 (15.06.2020): 167. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2020049167.
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This study investigates differences in propulsive force between the water surface and underwater conditions in the flutter kick swimming technique. The subjects were well-trained university male swimmers. A towing device was set up in a 25 m swimming pool to measure the towing force and velocity of the swimmer under two conditions: the swimmer was near the water surface and at a depth of 0.60 m. The swimmers performed the gliding trials and the kicking trials with maximum effort with five towing velocities from 1.2 to 2.4 m/s. The passive drag and the resultant force of the propulsive and drag forces in kick swimming were formulated, respectively. The propulsive force was calculated from the difference between the two formulas. A difference of the propulsive force under conditions in high swimming velocity was observed. This suggests that the water surface condition has advantages of raising the foot above water.
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Chao, Gexin, i Wu Gang. "Sports Training Teaching Device Based on Big Data and Cloud Computing". Journal of Healthcare Engineering 2021 (24.09.2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/7339486.
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With the advent of the era of big data (BD), people have higher requirements for information, knowledge, and technology. Taking the Internet as the carrier, the use of cloud computing technology for distance education has become a trend. Our country’s physical training teaching has also begun to change from traditional mode to modern mode. In order to improve the overall quality of our country’s national sports, this paper studies the teaching device of sports training based on BD and cloud computing. This article mainly uses the questionnaire survey method, the experimental analysis method, the data analysis method, and the data statistics method to have an in-depth understanding of the research theme and uses swimming as an example to design the sports training device. 52% of people think that water in the ears and itching during swimming are more serious problems. After further understanding, an experimental design was carried out. Experimental studies have shown that the combination of BD and cloud computing can effectively solve the problems existing in the traditional teaching model, so as to achieve the goal of efficient and rapid development.
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Sweidan, Aws Akram Issa. "FEATURES OF USING SIMULATOR FOR TRAINING ATHLETE’S SWIMMING STROKE". Bulletin of Krasnoyarsk State Pedagogical University named after V.P. Astafiev 61, nr 3 (30.10.2022): 80–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.25146/1995-0861-2022-61-3-353.
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Statement of the problem. The theoretical analysis of the data presented in the previously carried out studies in the field of the current topic allowed us to state the need for a more detailed treatment of the topic. According to most experts, this topic is relevant from the point of view of sports achievements in competitive swimmers’ activities, i.e., the use of special technical devices (simulators) for scientifically based methodological support of a training process in the framework of sports training. The insufficiency in scientific developments and performance indicators for the use of simulators allowed us to formulate the problem, topic and purpose of the study. The purpose of the article is to consider one of the special devices (simulator) for stroke training and to identify its advantages in the training process of a swimmer. Research methodology. The research methodology is based on a set of methods adequate to it: theoretical analysis and generalization of literature, analysis of Internet resources, pedagogical observation. The experimental part of the study was carried out using a special training device (simulator). Research results. As a result of the research activity carried out, a brief description of the simulator for training swimming stroke, including blocks of nodes and instrumental methods of motion control for adjustable resistance, should be considered. In addition, the article presents an electromyographic analysis of shoulder muscles and arm muscles during training on land and under water when performing crawl swimming movements. Conclusion. The material presented in the article, obtained personally by the author, can be used in organizing sports training of swimmers as part of a training process throughout the entire annual cycle.
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Xin-Feng, Wang, Wang Lian-Ze, Yan Wei-Xing, Li De-Jian i Shen Xiong. "A new device for estimating active drag in swimming at maximal velocity". Journal of Sports Sciences 25, nr 4 (15.02.2007): 375–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/02640410600812021.
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Tian, Xiaopeng. "Swimming Movement Guidance Training System Based on OpenCL Technology". Wireless Communications and Mobile Computing 2022 (14.09.2022): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/9097029.
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In order to improve the physical quality and even ability of swimmers, this study built OpenCL technology for the swimming movement design system of swimmers, so as to design a series of movements. Combined with the capture system, this paper captures and processes the athletes’ movements, obtains the key position information, and calculates the accurate data. It can provide effective guidance for accurately positioning athletes’ swimming movements, enable users to have a clearer understanding of their own movements, improve users’ movements, and enhance the system operation effect. According to the technology and application requirements of virtual swimming training simulator, the overall design scheme of the device is determined. From the point of view of ensuring the comfort and safety of simulated virtual swimming, the design, installation, and strength verification of the supporting structure are carried out. Hardware design and selection shall be carried out according to the requirements of head position detection and virtual environment presentation, including the design of positioning ball set, camera selection, and VR head display selection. The software functions of head position detection program and virtual scene program are designed according to the requirements of natural human-computer interaction. The designed swimming guidance training system has complete functions and stable operation and can be used as an auxiliary tool for swimming training.
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Wu, Yeongchi, Hector R. Casanova i Andrea J. Ikeda. "Plastic Soda Bottles: A Reusable Material for Making Transradial Sockets". Prosthetics and Orthotics International 33, nr 2 (styczeń 2009): 100–106. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03093640902810717.
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This paper describes a new fabrication process for making low-cost transradial sockets using recyclable plastic soda bottles. Easy, fast, and inexpensive to fabricate, the resulting socket can be used as a temporary device for stump care. Multiple sockets can be made and individually incorporated with various terminal devices for light-duty self-care or functional activities, such as feeding, showering, typing, swimming, or gardening. The formed socket is lightweight and also suitable for use with a cosmetic passive hand prosthesis. This process has been developed as a potential cost-effective assistive technology appropriate for individuals with transradial amputation in resource-limited countries.
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Aksamit, Dżesika, Tomasz Sidor, Adrian Gądek i Agnieszka Jankowicz-Szymańska. "The impact of 60-minute swimming training on the quality of body posture and the level of balance of young adults". Health Promotion & Physical Activity 4, nr 3 (8.01.2019): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0012.8374.
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Introduction: Postural abnormalities are common in every age group. They often involve discomfort or pain. Unfortunately, specialist posture correcting body postures are almost exclusively for pre-school and school children. There is a widespread belief in the beneficial effects of swimming on the body posture. Some even think that swimming can replace corrective exercises. The aim of the study was to evaluate the changes in the quality of body posture and body balance under the influence of 60-minute intensive swimming training in people aged 20-22 years, whose level of swimming skills was determined as average. Material and methods: The study was conducted on a group of 9 people, students of the State Higher Vocational School in Tarnów. Ultrasonic device Zebris Pointer was used for three-dimensional assessment of body posture. The position of the shoulder and iliac girdle, the shape of the spine, the inclination of the sacrum bone and the inclination of the body in the sagittal and frontal plane were analyzed. The test was repeated before and after the one-hour lecture and before and after one-hour, intensive classes at the swimming pool. The results were developed in the Statistika v10 program. Descriptive statistics, non-parametric Friedman test and Kruskal posthoc test were used. The significance level α = 0.05 was assumed. Results: There was a statistically significant increase in pelvic rotation under the influence of swimming training. There was also a slight deterioration of the spine position in the frontal plane. Exercises improving swimming in the classic style did not affect the depth of thoracic kyphosis and lumbar lordosis. After 60 minutes spent in a relaxed sitting position, deepening thoracic kyphosis was observed. However, this change was not statistically significant. Conclusions: It is not recommended to treat swimming as a substitute for corrective gymnastics. Intensive swimming training can exacerbate existing body posture errors in people who are just improving their swimming technique.
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Mora, Maximilian, Annett Bellack, Matthias Ugele, Johann Hopf i Reinhard Wirth. "The Temperature Gradient-Forming Device, an Accessory Unit for Normal Light Microscopes To Study the Biology of Hyperthermophilic Microorganisms". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, nr 15 (23.05.2014): 4764–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.00984-14.
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ABSTRACTTo date, the behavior of hyperthermophilic microorganisms in their biotope has been studied only to a limited degree; this is especially true for motility. One reason for this lack of knowledge is the requirement for high-temperature microscopy—combined, in most cases, with the need for observations under strictly anaerobic conditions—for such studies. We have developed a custom-made, low-budget device that, for the first time, allows analyses in temperature gradients up to 40°C over a distance of just 2 cm (a biotope-relevant distance) with heating rates up to ∼5°C/s. Our temperature gradient-forming device can convert any upright light microscope into one that works at temperatures as high as 110°C. Data obtained by use of this apparatus show how very well hyperthermophiles are adapted to their biotope: they can react within seconds to elevated temperatures by starting motility—even after 9 months of storage in the cold. Using the temperature gradient-forming device, we determined the temperature ranges for swimming, and the swimming speeds, of 15 selected species of the genusThermococcuswithin a few months, related these findings to the presence of cell surface appendages, and obtained the first evidence for thermotaxis inArchaea.
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Das, Asimanshu, Matthew Styslinger, Daniel M. Harris i Roberto Zenit. "Force and torque-free helical tail robot to study low Reynolds number micro-organism swimming". Review of Scientific Instruments 93, nr 4 (1.04.2022): 044103. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/5.0079815.
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Helical propulsion is used by many micro-organisms to swim in viscous-dominated environments. Their swimming dynamics are relatively well understood, but a detailed study of the flow fields is still needed to understand wall effects and hydrodynamic interactions among swimmers. In this letter, we describe the development of an autonomous swimming robot with a helical tail that operates in the Stokes regime. The device uses a battery-based power system with a miniature motor that imposes a rotational speed on a helical tail. The speed, direction, and activation are controlled electronically using an infrared remote control. Since the robot is about 5 cm long, we use highly viscous fluids to match the Reynolds number, Re, to be less than 0.1. Measurements of swimming speeds are conducted for a range of helical wavelengths, λ, head geometries, and rotation rates, ω. We provide comparisons of the experimental measurements with analytical predictions derived from resistive force theory. This force and torque-free neutrally buoyant swimmer mimics the swimming strategy of bacteria more closely than previously used designs and offers a lot of potential for future applications.
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Katz, Stephen L. "Design of heterothermic muscle in fish". Journal of Experimental Biology 205, nr 15 (1.08.2002): 2251–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.205.15.2251.
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SUMMARY Among the tremendous diversity of fish, there are a small number that are considered elite in their swimming performance. These include representatives from the tunas, billfish and sharks. In addition to being elite swimmers,these fish share numerous specialized anatomical features including the structure of their swimming muscles and some form of regional endothermy,termed heterothermy. These heterothermies fall into two classes: those that maintain elevated temperatures in swimming muscles and those that have muscle-derived tissues specialized for delivering warm blood to the brain. Because these versions of heterothermy are manifest in fish whose swimming performance is considered elite, it has been parsimonious to hypothesize that heterothermy is part of an integrated high-performance design. Recognizing that the design of skeletal muscle is hierarchical, the design of heterothermic muscle in fish will be examined within a hierarchical framework. This paper will examine, in order, the specific anatomical specializations,the performance of muscle as a biomaterial and then as a dynamic mechanical structure or device — in each case looking at the extent to which heterothermy is part of an integrated high-performance design or is perhaps just a happy accident. This examination will reveal how difficult it is to make a case for the central importance of heterothermy in the design of these swimming muscle systems.
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Misiurewicz, Jacek, Konrad Bruliński, Wiesław Klembowski, Krzysztof Stefan Kulpa i Jan Pietrusiewicz. "Multipath Propagation of Acoustic Signal in a Swimming Pool—Source Localization Problem". Sensors 22, nr 3 (3.02.2022): 1162. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031162.
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This paper explores the problem of severe multipath propagation of underwater acoustic signals in a swimming pool. The problem appeared in a study that examined a system used to signal emergency situations (i.e., pre-drowning symptoms detected by a wearable device on a pool user’s wrist) and locate the signal source. A swimming pool acoustic environment is characterized by the presence of large flat reflecting planes surrounding a small volume of water. The reflections are numerous and much stronger than in typical hydroacoustic applications. In this paper, we attempted to create a model of the swimming pool response, one that is suitable for simulation experiments with detection and localization of emergency signals. Then, we explore the possible remedies for the localization system, applied on the transmit side (waveform design) and on the receive side (receiver placement and signal processing). Finally, we present an algorithm for object localization, considering the possible reflections with a multi-hypothesis approach.
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Mueed, Khandaker Md Abdul. "Swimming through the blood stream: Stanford engineers create wireless, self-propelled medical device". Bangladesh Medical Journal 43, nr 2 (31.12.2014): 119–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bmj.v43i2.21397.
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IBA, Hirotaka, i Hiromichi OBARA. "Basic study on swimming micro medical device using hydrodynamic action in blood vessel". Proceedings of the Bioengineering Conference Annual Meeting of BED/JSME 2018.30 (2018): 1H13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1299/jsmebio.2018.30.1h13.
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Ohgi, Yuji, Hiroshi Ichikawa, Masanobu Homma i Chikara Miyaji. "Stroke phase discrimination in breaststroke swimming using a tri-axial acceleration sensor device". Sports Engineering 6, nr 2 (czerwiec 2003): 113–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02903532.
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Ducharme, Michel B., i David S. Lounsbury. "Self-rescue swimming in cold water: the latest advice". Applied Physiology, Nutrition, and Metabolism 32, nr 4 (sierpień 2007): 799–807. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/h07-042.
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According to the 2006 Canadian Red Cross Drowning Report, 2007 persons died of cold-water immersion in Canada between 1991 and 2000. These statistics indicate that prevention of cold-water immersion fatalities is a significant public health issue for Canadians. What should a person do after accidental immersion in cold water? For a long time, aquatic safety organizations and government agencies stated that swimming should not be attempted, even when a personal flotation device (PFD) is worn. The objective of the present paper is to present the recent scientific evidence making swimming a viable option for self-rescue during accidental cold-water immersion. Early studies in the 1960s and 1970s led to a general conclusion that “people are better off if they float still in lifejackets or hang on to wreckage and do not swim about to try to keep warm”. Recent evidence from the literature shows that the initial factors identified as being responsible for swimming failure can be either easily overcome or are not likely the primary contributors to swimming failure. Studies over the last decade reported that swimming failure might primarily be related not to general hypothermia, but rather to muscle fatigue of the arms as a consequence of arm cooling. This is based on the general observation that swimming failure developed earlier than did systemic hypothermia, and can be related to low temperature of the arm muscles following swimming in cold water. All of the above studies conducted in water between 10 and 14 °C indicate that people can swim in cold water for a distance ranging between about 800 and 1500 m before being incapacitated by the cold. The average swimming duration for the studies was about 47 min before incapacitation, regardless of the swimming ability of the subjects. Recent evidence shows that people have a very accurate idea about how long it will take them to achieve a given swimming goal despite a 3-fold overestimation of the absolute distance to swim. The subjects were quite astute at deciding their swimming strategy early in the immersion with 86% success, but after about 30 min of swimming or passive cooling, their decision-making ability became impaired. It would therefore seem wise to make one’s accidental immersion survival plan early during the immersion, directly after cessation of the cold shock responses. Additional recommendations for self-rescue are provided based on recent scientific evidence.
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KEAVENY, ERIC E., i MARTIN R. MAXEY. "Spiral swimming of an artificial micro-swimmer". Journal of Fluid Mechanics 598 (25.02.2008): 293–319. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022112007009949.
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A device constructed from a filament of paramagnetic beads connected to a human red blood cell will swim when subject to an oscillating magnetic field. Bending waves propagate from the tip of the tail toward the red blood cell in a fashion analogous to flagellum beating, making the artificial swimmer a candidate for studying what has been referred to as ‘flexible oar’ micro-swimming. In this study, we demonstrate that under the influence of a rotating field the artificial swimmer will perform ‘corkscrew’-type swimming. We conduct numerical simulations of the swimmer where the paramagnetic tail is represented as a series of rigid spheres connected by flexible but inextensible links. An optimal range of parameters governing the relative strength of viscous, elastic and magnetic forces is identified for swimming speed. A parameterization of the motion is extracted and examined as a function of the driving frequency. With a continuous elastica/resistive force model, we obtain an expression for the swimming speed in the low-frequency limit. Using this expression we explore further the effects of the applied field, the ratio of the transverse field to the constant field, and the ratio of the radius of the sphere to the length of the filament tail on the resulting dynamics.
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Bannasch, R., RP Wilson i B. Culik. "HYDRODYNAMIC ASPECTS OF DESIGN AND ATTACHMENT OF A BACK-MOUNTED DEVICE IN PENGUINS". Journal of Experimental Biology 194, nr 1 (1.09.1994): 83–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1242/jeb.194.1.83.
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Wind tunnel and water tank experiments were carried out on a penguin model in order to optimise the shape and attachment of a back-mounted datalogger. Device-induced turbulence was minimised when the unit was placed in the most caudal position. Drag was further reduced by shaping the device to match the body contour. The hydrodynamic resistance of the package could be reduced by 65 % compared with an earlier unit. These results are discussed together with results from new studies on kinematics and energetics of underwater swimming of live instrumented penguins.
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Hassan, A., i R. Sajjad. "ID: 16: INAPPROPRIATE DEFIBRILLATION DUE TO ELCTRO-MAGNETIC INTERFERENCE FROM NEARBY ALTERNATING CURRENT". Journal of Investigative Medicine 64, nr 4 (22.03.2016): 925.1–925. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jim-2016-000120.30.
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IntroductionImplantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) to monitor and promptly treat life-threatening arrhythmia has been a very successful approach. However, inappropriate defibrillation could increase morbidity and mortality. Most common causes of inappropriate defibrillation are: supra-ventricular arrhythmia and device malfunctions.Case DescriptionA 31-year-old female with arrythmogenic right ventricular cardiomyopathy (ARVC) status post dual chamber ICD presented after her ICD had fired. Patient was sitting near a public swimming pool and suddenly felt a jolt, “getting hit at the back of the head”. On further ICD Interrogation revealed a high frequency artifact on the intra-cardiac electrogram which was sensed by the device as ventricular fibrillation, and subsequently it was defibrillated. Other parameters including sensing and pacing thresholds, lead impedances were all within normal limits.DiscussionAlternating current from a nearby electric generator created Electro-magnetic interference (EMI) which led to inappropriate defibrillation. High frequency oscillating artifact is the hallmark of EMI from alternating current. We should be aware of all possible causes that can interfere with cardiac devices. .
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Crespo, Esteban, Jesús Juan Ruiz-Navarro, Francisco Cuenca-Fernández i Raúl Arellano. "Post-Eccentric Flywheel Underwater Undulatory Swimming Potentiation in Competitive Swimmers". Journal of Human Kinetics 79, nr 1 (10.07.2021): 145–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/hukin-2021-0068.
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Abstract Underwater undulatory swimming (UUS) influences overall swimming performance, therefore swimmers should try to maximize it. This research aimed to: 1) assess the effects of an activation protocol based on post-activation performance enhancements upon UUS; and 2) evaluate the differences between males and females. Seventeen competitive swimmers (male = 10; female = 7) participated in a cross-sectional study designed to test performance in UUS at 10 m after a traditional swimming warm-up (TRA) and after adding to the TRA 4 maximal half-squat repetitions on an inertial flywheel device (PAPE). A speedometer and an electronic timing system were used to obtain kinematic variables such as time, frequency and velocity at 10-m, which were processed with MATLAB®. A paired sample t test was applied to determine the differences of the kinematic variables between the TRA and PAPE. An independent sample t test was used to determine the effects of the PAPE in males and females. Participants reduced the time to cover 10 m after PAPE compared to the TRA (males: 5.77 ± 0.44 to 5.64 ± 0.46; females 6.34 ± 0.80 to 6.09 ± 0.66; p < 0.05). In addition, trends towards improvements in UUS velocity were obtained for males and females. However, push-off velocity and frequency showed a different tendency between genders (p < 0.05). In conclusion, the warm-up including repetitions on the flywheel device improved UUS performance. Some differences were obtained between genders after PAPE. Further research should confirm if the benefits obtained after the eccentric overload would depend either on gender or on other components such as fiber type composition.
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Jones, Ben, Dave Parry i Chris E. Cooper. "Underwater near-infrared spectroscopy can measure training adaptations in adolescent swimmers". PeerJ 6 (20.04.2018): e4393. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.4393.
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The development of an underwater near-infrared spectroscopy (uNIRS) device has enabled previously unattainable measurements of peripheral muscle hemodynamics and oxygenation to be taken within the natural aquatic environment. The purposes of this study were (i) to trial the use of uNIRS, in a real world training study, and (ii) to monitor the effects of a swim training program upon muscle oxygenation status in short distance swimming. A total of 14 junior club level swimmers completed a repeated swim sprint test before and after an eight week endurance training program. A waterproof, portable Near-Infrared Spectroscopy device was attached to the vastus lateralis. uNIRS successfully measured changes in muscle oxygenation and blood volume in all individuals; rapid sub-second time resolution of the device was able to demonstrate muscle oxygenation changes during the characteristic swim movements. Post training heart rate recovery and swim performance time were significantly improved. uNIRS data also showed significant changes. A larger rise in deoxyhemoglobin during individual sprints suggested training induced an increase in muscle oxygen extraction; a faster recovery time for muscle oxygenation suggested positive training induced changes and significant changes in muscle blood flow also occur. As a strong correlation was seen between an increased reoxygenation rate and an improved swim performance time, these findings support the use of uNIRS as a new performance analysis tool in swimming.
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Staniak, Zbigniew, Krzysztof Buśko, Michał Górski i Anna Pastuszak. "Accelerometer profile of motion of the pelvic girdle in breaststroke swimming". Journal of Human Kinetics 52, nr 1 (1.09.2016): 147–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/hukin-2016-0002.
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Abstract The aim of the study was to develop a method for measurement and analysis of kinematics of the pelvic girdle movement in breaststroke swimming to support training of technical skills. The measurements were performed in five elite breaststroke swimmers. A recording device for triaxial accelerations and triaxial rotational angular velocity was mounted on the dorsal part of the pelvic girdle of the athlete. The task of the athlete was to swim one length of the 50 m swimming pool with the intensity similar to competition. From the consecutive cycles of swimming motion, we developed individual mean graphical and numerical profiles of the kinematics of the pelvic girdle movement within the average cycle. Mean basic values of the characteristics were compared with the values documented in the literature obtained by means of the video analysis or using the method of measurement of the velocity of the unwound rope. The comparison revealed that the results in the group studied were very similar to the results obtained using other methods and were typical of elite athletes. Analysis of the motion profiles for the pelvic girdle in breaststroke swimmers indicated that the results obtained reflected individual technique of performing individual phases of swimming cycles. The proposed measurement method, presentation and analysis of the profile of the pelvic girdle motion in breaststroke swimming represents a good tool for fast and effective biomechanical evaluation of motion technique components.
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KAWAMURA, MASAKO. "EFFICIENCY OF SWIMMING OF MICRO-ORGANISM AND SINGULARITY IN SHAPE SPACE". Modern Physics Letters A 11, nr 24 (10.08.1996): 1961–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217732396001958.
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Micro-organisms can be classified into three different types according to their sizes. We study the efficiency of the swimming of micro-organism in two-dimensional fluid as a device for helping the explanation of this hierarchy in terms of size. We show that the efficiency of flagellate becomes unboundedly large, whereas that of ciliate has the upper bound. The unboundedness is related to the curious feature of the shape space, that is, a singularity at the basic shape of flagellate.
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Chesnikova, Ekaterina I., Ekaterina M. Savelieva, Kristina A. Mikhaleva, Mikhail A. Eremushkin i Hassan Shafaei. "Application of “David Spine Concept” Equipment in Complex Rehabilitation of Patients of Post-Surgical Treatment of the Cervical Vertebrae Traumatic Injuries". Bulletin of Rehabilitation Medicine 21, nr 2 (29.04.2022): 88–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.38025/2078-1962-2022-21-2-88-98.
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Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of the developed rehabilitation complex for patient after surgical treatment of traumatic lesions of the cervical spine using David 140 and 160 simulators, therapeutic group exercises for the shoulder girdle muscles and exercises in swimming pool. Material and methods. The research involved 28 patients. All patients, after surgical treatment of traumatic cervical spine injuries, underwent a complex of rehabilitation measures with the help of therapeutic group exercises for the shoulder girdle muscles (mixed exercises), exercises in swimming pool in order to train the postural muscles of patients and the use of simulators: David 140 Cervical flexion and extension/ Lateroflexion (Cervical Extension/Latheral Flexion Device), David 160 Cervical Rotation. Results. The effectiveness of the developed rehabilitation complex was evaluated and proven using David Spine Concept functional motor tests. Conclusion. Trainings on David simulators in combination with therapeutic group exercises for the shoulder girdle muscles strengthening and exercises in swimming pool for postural muscles training have a positive effect in rehabilitation measures to improve the quality of patients’ life after a surgical treatment of cervical spine traumatic lesions.
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Formosa, Danielle P., Mark Gregory Leigh Sayers i Brendan Burkett. "Backstroke Swimming: Exploring Gender Differences in Passive Drag and Instantaneous Net Drag Force". Journal of Applied Biomechanics 29, nr 6 (grudzień 2013): 662–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1123/jab.29.6.662.
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This study explored and quantified gender differences in passive drag and instantaneous net drag force profile for elite backstroke swimmers (FINA points 938 ± 71). Nine female and ten male backstroke swimmers completed eight maximum speed trials. During the passive drag condition participants were towed at the speed achieved within the maximum effort backstroke swimming trials, while holding a supine stationary streamline position. The remaining trials, swimmers performed their natural swimming stroke, while attached to an assisted towing device. Male participant’s passive (P< .001) and mean net drag force (P< .001) were significantly higher compared with female participants. In addition, there were no significant differences by gender between either the minimum or maximum net drag forces produced during the left and right arm strokes. Instantaneous net drag force profiles demonstrated differences within and between individuals and genders. The swimmers who recorded the fastest speed also recorded the smallest difference in net drag force fluctuations. The instantaneous net drag force profile within elite backstroke swimming provides further insight into stroke technique of this sport.
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Engaas, Arill, Daniel Foster, Bret Dominy Hataway, John W. Watson i Ian Workman. "The Behavioral Response of Juvenile Red Snapper (Lutjanus campechanus) to Shrimp Trawls that Utilize Water Flow Modifications to Induce Escapement". Marine Technology Society Journal 33, nr 2 (1.01.1999): 43–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.4031/mtsj.33.2.7.
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Clear differences in swimming ability between finfish and shrimp in trawls have been utilized in the Southeastern U.S shrimp fishery to reduce the by catch of finfish. The Jones/Davis device which has been mandated for use in the Gulf of Mexico shrimp fishery uses four windows to provide an escape path for fish while a funnel keeps the shrimp away from the windows, reduces water flow around the windows, and acts as a leading panel to guide the fish out of the trawl. Observations of fish behavior showed that finfish generally reacted to the slack water flow created by the funnel by swimming towards the lowest water flow area. The escape rate of finfish such as juvenile red snapper (Lutjanus campechanus), however, was low and random during towing when no net surging and fish crowding occurred. The highest escape rates occurred during slow down prior to haulback, but were dependent on the haul back procedure. This may help explain the haul-to-haul variation in escapement documented for the Jones/Davis device. Modifications and techniques to improve escape rates during towing are discussed.
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Xu, Shaofeng, i Somi Lee. "An Inertial Sensing-Based Approach to Swimming Pose Recognition and Data Analysis". Journal of Sensors 2022 (27.01.2022): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/5151105.
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In this paper, inertial sensing is used to identify a swimming stance and analyze its swimming stance data. A wireless monitoring device based on a nine-axis microinertial sensor is designed for the characteristics of swimming motion, and measurement experiments are conducted for different intensities and stances of swimming motion. By comparing and analyzing the motion characteristics of various swimming stances, the basis for performing stroke identification is proposed, and the monitoring data characteristics of the experimental results match with it. The stance reconstruction technology is studied, PC-based OpenGL multithreaded data synchronization and stance following reconstruction are designed to reconstruct the joint association data of multiple nodes in a constrained set, and the reconstruction results are displayed through graphic image rendering. For the whole system, each key technology is organically integrated to design a wearable wireless sensing network-based pose resolution analysis and reconstruction recognition system. Inertial sensors inevitably suffer from drift after a long period of position trajectory tracking. The proposed fusion algorithm corrects the drift of position estimation using the measurement of the visual sensor, and the measurement of the inertial sensor complements the missing measurement of the visual sensor for the case of occlusion of the visual sensor and fast movement of the upper limb. An experimental platform for upper-limb position estimation based on the fusion of inertial and visual sensors is built to verify the effectiveness of the proposed method. Finally, the full paper is summarized, and an outlook for further research is provided.
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Jalalifar, Salman, Afsaneh Kashizadeh, Ishmam Mahmood, Andrew Belford, Nicolle Drake, Amir Razmjou i Mohsen Asadnia. "A Smart Multi-Sensor Device to Detect Distress in Swimmers". Sensors 22, nr 3 (29.01.2022): 1059. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s22031059.
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Drowning is considered amongst the top 10 causes of unintentional death, according to the World Health Organization (WHO). Therefore, anti-drowning systems that can save lives by preventing and detecting drowning are much needed. This paper proposes a robust and waterproof sensor-based device to detect distress in swimmers at varying depths and different types of water environments. The proposed device comprises four main components, including heart rate, blood oxygen level, movement, and depth sensors. Although these sensors were designed to work together to boost the system’s capability as an anti-drowning device, each could operate independently. The sensors were able to determine the heart rate to an accuracy of 1 beat per minute (BPM), 1% SpO2, the acceleration with adjustable sensitivities of ±2 g, ±4 g, ±8 g, and ±16 g, and the depth up to 12.8 m. The data obtained from the sensors were sent to a microcontroller that compared the input data to adjustable threshold values to detect dangerous situations. Being in hazardous situations for more than a specific time activated the alarming system. Based on the comparison made in the program and measuring the time of submersion, a message indicating drowning or safe was sent to a lifeguard to continuously monitor the swimmer’ condition via Wi-Fi to an IP address reachable by a mobile phone or laptop. It is also possible to continuously monitor the sensor outputs on the device’s display or the connected mobile phone or laptop. The threshold values could be adjusted based on biometric parameters such as swimming conditions (swimming pool, beach, depth, etc.) and swimmers health and conditions. The functionality of the proposed device was thoroughly tested over a wide range of parameters and under different conditions, both in air and underwater. It was demonstrated that the device could detect a range of potentially hazardous aquatic situations. This work will pave the way for developing an effective drowning sensing system that could save tens of thousands of lives across the globe every year.
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Thompson, Kevin G., Donald P. M. MacLaren, Adrian Lees i Gregory Atkinson. "Accuracy of pacing during breaststroke swimming using a novel pacing device, the Aquapacer™". Journal of Sports Sciences 20, nr 7 (styczeń 2002): 537–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/026404102760000044.
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