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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Swedish Explorers"
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Von Rosen, Astrid, Eugenia Klimova i Olga Nikolaeva. "Russian Relations". Nordic Theatre Studies 32, nr 2 (22.01.2021): 89–105. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/nts.v32i2.124350.
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This article explores the unlikely collaboration between a Swedish art and dance historian, a Russian amateur historian, and a Russian-Swedish doctoral student to seek out the early career of migrating dancer Anna Robenne (one of her names). The article looks into the activist ways in which the explorers interacted with Russian, Swedish, and Finnish archives in order to both reveal and make accessible cross-border materials and knowledge pertaining to Robenne. To explore the relationship between the Robenne materials, the archival institutions, and the group of collaborating historians, the authors draw on Caswell and Cifor’s notion of “radical empathy”. The article thus brings new archival theory into the performing arts domain and makes a dance contribution to the broader field of critical archival and heritage studies. To cross borders to account for Robenne’s Russian legacy counters previous historiography’s disinterest in following the careers of non-canonized migrating artists in the Nordic-Baltic region.
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Capelotti, P. J. "Benjamin Leigh Smith's second Arctic expedition: Svalbard and Jan Mayen, 1872". Polar Record 44, nr 3 (lipiec 2008): 255–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247408007444.
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ABSTRACTIn 1872, the British yachtsman and explorer Benjamin Leigh Smith led his second expedition to the Arctic. Seeking to further the impressive oceanographic and geographic research of his first expedition in the summer of the previous year, Leigh Smith first explored Jan Mayen and then sailed to Svalbard. There, after investigating Moffen, adverse ice conditions precluded effective continuation of the voyage and almost wrecked his research vessel,Sampson. During a brief meeting with Adolf Erik Nordenskiöld's Swedish polar expedition, a bond was formed between the two explorers with fortuitous benefits for the Swedish expedition the following year as it struggled to escape from the north coast of Svalbard. Leigh Smith was forced to make for England in September 1872, without sailing nearly as far to the north or east as during his first expedition. His 1872 experiences led him to reconsider his method for Arctic exploration, and consequently, for his third expedition in 1873, he decided to include a chartered steamer as his primary research vessel withSampsonrelegated to the role of support vessel.
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Avango, Dag, Per Högselius i David Nilsson. "SWEDISH EXPLORERS, IN-SITU KNOWLEDGE, AND RESOURCE-BASED BUSINESS IN THE AGE OF EMPIRE". Scandinavian Journal of History 43, nr 3 (9.10.2017): 324–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03468755.2017.1380923.
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Khachaturyan, Elizaveta. "The North seen by People from the South. Italian Explorers about the Arctic. The Journal of Giacomo Bove". Nordlit 12, nr 1 (1.02.2008): 205. http://dx.doi.org/10.7557/13.1256.
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The objects of my analysis are the travel writings and expedition reports of Italian Arctic explorers. In the present paper I will analyse the Journal of Giacomo Bove, who was a member of the Swedish Arctic expedition of the ship "Vega" (1878-79) headed by Nordenskjold (Il Passaggio del Nord-Est. Spedizione artica svedese della "Vega". Diario di Giacomo Bove. A cura del dott. A. Fresa, 1940, Memorie della R. Società Geografica Italiana, volume XIX. Roma.). One of the tasks given to Giacomo Bove by the Italian Geographic Society was to describe the expedition. One of the problems that Bove had to solve in this case was which words to use when speaking of an alien reality. This other reality was for him constituted not only by natural phenomena (like, i.e., fauna and flora, ice and weather), but also by an unfamiliar material culture (the life of the northern people), and by the life of the expedition.
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WALTON, DAVID. "Exploring Antarctica - a centennial perspective". Antarctic Science 17, nr 2 (czerwiec 2005): 161. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0954102005002701.
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We are embarked on a decade of celebrations of the national expeditions of what is now termed the Heroic Age. Exploring the Antarctic – the great unknown continent – a hundred years ago was great adventure and, given what we now know of the primitive state of their equipment, it is surprising that more of these explorers did not die. The tragic death of Captain Scott's polar party must be taken as a key talisman for the title “Heroic Age” but we should not underestimate the courage and fortitude of all the others – British, Swedish, Norwegian, French, German, Belgian, Argentinean, Polish, Romanian, American etc – who sailed, walked and sledged into the unknown for the greater good of their nation.
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Joy, Francis. "The disappearance of the sacred Swedish Sámi drum and the protection of Sámi cultural heritage". Polar Record 54, nr 4 (lipiec 2018): 255–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0032247418000438.
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AbstractOne of the last frontiers of the pre-Christian Sámi religion and cosmology from the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries can be found recorded as embedded systems of knowledge on a range of noaidi-shaman drums kept in museums across Europe. Missionaries and clergymen as well as explorers who sought interest in the magical powers of the Sámi noaidi collected these artefacts during witchcraft trials and persecutions throughout Sápmi, the Sámi homeland areas. Insomuch as the drums being taken away from their owners and shipped from their homelands to other countries, their safeguarding, security and preservation as ancient sources of knowledge in museums is seldom discussed. As a consequence, the investigation presented here is a case study concerning the disappearance of a Sámi noaidi drum sent to a museum in France that has its origins in Swedish Sápmi, which I was informed about in 2017 prior to a visit to Paris for a seminar concerning the Sámi and their culture in Finland. The loss of the drum has only recently become known, and raises a series of important questions concerning responsibilities museums have with regard to the protection of property belonging to the Sámi as well as the repatriation and return of cultural heritage with regard to historical artefacts.
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Pring, Allan. "HOLTSTAM, D. & LANGHOF, J. (eds) 1999. Långban: The Mines, Their Minerals, Geology and Explorers. 217 pp. Stockholm: Raster Förlag & Swedish Museum of Natural History. Price 450 Swedish Kroner. ISBN 91 87214 881." Geological Magazine 136, nr 5 (wrzesień 1999): 599–606. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0016756899313029.
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Sergeeva, N. G., O. V. Anikeeva i A. J. Gooday. "The monothalamous foraminiferan <i>Tinogullmia</i> in the Black Sea". Journal of Micropalaeontology 24, nr 2 (1.10.2005): 191–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/jm.24.2.191.
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Abstract. INTRODUCTIONThe organic-walled allogromiid genus Tinogullmia was established by Nyholm (1954) based on a single species, T. hyalina, from the Gullmar Fjord on the Swedish west coast. This distinctive species is characterized by an elongate, smoothly curved test with two terminal apertures located at the ends of tubular extensions. A similar species occurs in Kongsfjord, Svalbard (Gooday et al., 2005). Several other organic-walled allogromiids have been assigned to the genus Tinogullmia but are distinctly different from T. hyalina. A deep-water species from the NE Atlantic, described as Tinogullmia riemanni by Gooday (1990), has a relatively short, asymmetrical test and possibly represents a distinct genus. An undescribed sausageshaped species from Explorers Cove, Antarctica, assigned to Tinogullmia by Gooday et al. (1996), has a less elongate shape than T. hyalina and a thinner wall. The purpose of this note is to report the first record of this distinctive genus from the Black Sea.OBSERVATIONSDuring the 45th cruise of the Research Vessel Professor Vodyanitsky in 1994, three core samples were obtained using a multiple corer (Barnett et al., 1984) as part of an investigation of a methane seep area southwest of the Crimean peninsula (Station 5186; 44° 46.342′N, 31° 35.342′E, 78 m water depth). The sampling area bottom-water temperature is 8–10°C, rising to 13–15°C in summer; salinity is 17–18‰. The bottom sediment is phaseolinic silt (i.e. an alevrit silt associated live molluscs and dead molluscan shells). Each core was sub-sampled using a plastic tube, diameter 9.5 cm, length 5 . . .
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Christy, A. G. "D. Holtstam and J. Langhof, (Eds). Långban: The Mines, their Minerals, Geology and Explorers. Raster Förlag, Swedish Museum of Natural History, Stockholm, 1999. 215 pp Skr 450 (400 for direct purchase), approx. £34 ISBN 91-87214-881." Mineralogical Magazine 63, nr 4 (sierpień 1999): 609–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1180/minmag.1999.063.4.16.
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Lundmark, Evelina. "Banal and Nostalgic". Temenos - Nordic Journal for Study of Religion 59, nr 1 (20.06.2023): 29–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.33356/temenos.112453.
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This article explores how Christian heritage is engaged with, strengthened, and contested in and through Swedish newspapers and in the annual Swedish Christmas calendar. Although Sweden is perceived as highly secular and characterized by an increased distance between the former state church and the Swedish population, ideas about Swedish cultural heritage are still tied to notions of a Christian past. Previous research has highlighted Christmas as particularly salient for Swedes’ understanding of their cultural heritage and national identity, which includes perceptions of Christmas as ‘merely’ a tradition. Using theories of nostalgia and banal religion, this article addresses how Swedishness is constructed in the Christmas calendar, as well as through its framing in Swedish newspapers. While the narrative of the Calendar does not normally include overt references to Christian parables, it frequently uses Christian and folkloric symbolism to effect a backdrop of nostalgia. I argue that the Calendar and its framing in newspapers play on conceptions of Swedishness that are inextricably linked to ideas of ‘secularized’ Christianity, and by extension to constructions of what counts as national belonging in contemporary Sweden.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Swedish Explorers"
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Botic, Heidi, i Kuntola Choudhury. "Fast Fashion : To explore Generation Y's attitude toward fast fashion; a Swedish consumer perspective". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-43898.
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Background: Fast fashion is a rather new business strategy and is defined to be affordable and fashionable apparel that is directly copied from catwalks. The concept was initially introduced by Amancio Ortega’s well-known store, called Zara which mostly targets Generation Y consumers. Due to globalization and progress in technology it makes it possible for retailers to use cheap resources and cheap manufacturing from third-world countries which makes this strategy profitable. In these third world countries the working conditions and wages are poor, and the workers are exposed to toxic chemicals used in the fabrics. These toxic chemicals also affect the environment negatively by polluting the oceans and the earth. It also contributes to the overconsumption due to the rapid change in trends and their short life cycle. Purpose: The purpose is to understand how Swedish Generation Y consumers behave towards fast fashion and their attitudes toward this. Method: This study has used a qualitative approach, so the data was gathered through 12 interviews. All the participants were of Generation Y, age 17-37. The interviews were semi-structured with open-ended questions. A method of purposive sampling was used meaning that the participants were chosen by the judgement of the authors. Furthermore, the thesis is a case study where the case is the fast fashion industry. Findings: The results show that there is an existing link between attitudes and behaviour where several factors affect this. For this particular generation, style and price were two important factors linked to behaviour. Social media and other social surroundings, such as family and friends, also affect their consumption pattern. The findings also show that Generation Y view sustainability as something important, however regarding fast fashion something else is indicated.
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Bohman, Ljung Daniella, i Lina Ekeroth. "Using the Dual Control Model to explore female sexual function and dysfunction in a Swedish sample: A cross-sectional study". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Institutionen för juridik, psykologi och socialt arbete, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-38178.
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Zhang, Wei. "Cultural Route As An Approach To Foster Regional Cultural Sustainability : A Study of Swedish Explorer Sven Hedin’s Expedition Heritage along the Silk Road in Northwest China". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för samhällsbyggnad och industriell teknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-445287.
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This dissertation strives to analyze the role of the cultural route as an approach and evaluates its validity to foster regional cultural sustainability. The author has investigated the relationship between cultural route, cultural sustainability, and regional development through studying Swedish explorer Sven Hedin’s expedition heritage along the Silk Road. A qualitative approach was taken to study how practitioners in particular tourism subdivisions attempt to implanting Sven Hedin’s legacy into different practices in Northwest China. With the help of the Actor-Network Theory as a material-semiotic method, a significant finding is that evolutionary networks centered on Sven Hedin, as an internal drive to promote the development of cultural routes, are taking shape. Cultural route as an approach to foster regional development cannot be achieved independently by individuals and SMEs; an institutional dimension needs to be considered for integrated management. This approach offers a new participation model in regional construction to their recipients and provides a sustainable strength for inhabitants to understand their cultural identity and embrace their future.
Książki na temat "Swedish Explorers"
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Liljequist, Gösta Hjalmar. High latitudes: A history of Swedish Polar travels and research. Stockholm: Swedish Polar Research Secretariat in collaboration with Streiffert, 1993.
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Wilkinson, Alec. The ice balloon: S.A. Andrée and the heroic age of arctic exploration. New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 2011.
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Washington, Irving. Washington Irving y los lugares colombinos. [Huelva]: Diputación de Huelva, Sevicio de Publicaciones, 2001.
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Jönsson, Janne, i Lars Forsberg. A way away: Swedish photographers explore the world 1862-2018. Redaktorzy Landskrona museum i Nordiska museet (Stockholm Sweden). [Lund]: Historiska Media, 2018.
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Wilkinson, Alec. The ice balloon: One man's dramatic attempt to discover the North Pole by balloon. London: Fourth Estate, 2012.
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Irving, Washington. The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus. IndyPublish.com, 2003.
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Irving, Washington. Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus. AMS Press, 2004.
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The ice balloon: S. A. Andrée and the heroic age of arctic exploration. New York, USA: Alfred A. Knopf, 2012.
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Washington, Irving. The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus. IndyPublish.com, 2003.
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Washington, Irving. The Life and Voyages of Christopher Columbus: V2. IndyPublish.com, 2005.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Swedish Explorers"
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Kolu, Jaana. "Relationship Between Translingual Practices and Identity Performance and Positioning on the Swedish-Finnish Border". W Arctic Encounters, 263–93. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42979-8_9.
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AbstractIn this chapter, the four bilingual (Finnish/Swedish) adolescents’ translingual practices, and identity performance and positioning are explored in informal pair conversations and semi-structured individual interviews with the researcher on the Swedish-Finnish border in Tornedalen. The aim is to investigate whether there is a link between the adolescents’ language use and identity performance and positioning. The data revealed that the four young people brought different performances of language use and identity positionings to the interactions during a period of five years. The study provides examples of dramatic changes in the case of one pair of participants’ mutual language use from using predominantly Finnish resources to using exclusively Swedish. As the pair’s language use changed, so did their identity positioning: They went from positioning themselves as Finnish-speaking and bilinguals to positioning themselves more and more as Swedish-speaking.
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Ervo, Laura. "Culture and Mentality in East-Nordic Courts". W Ius Gentium: Comparative Perspectives on Law and Justice, 89–106. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74851-7_6.
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AbstractIn this chapter, the East-Nordic, that is Finnish and Swedish, court culture and mentality and its historical, cultural and societal roots are explored. The objective of the chapter is to uncover the mechanisms underlying the East-Nordic court mentality and the hallmarks of Swedish and Finnish court culture, as well as to identify how these processes influence adjudication. Emphasis is put on the historical development of these countries, since Finland was part of Sweden until 1809. After Finland became an autonomous Grand Dutchy of the Russian Empire, it suffered under Russification, whereas Sweden was still part of the western sphere. Even after Finland gained independence in 1917, the history of the two countries has differed to some extent. Therefore, it is interesting to explore the manner in which the differences in history are manifested in contemporary court proceedings. This study is based mainly on comparative and historical resources.
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Landström, Yrsa. "Remaining Foreign Fighters: Fear, Misconceptions and Counterproductive Responses". W Understanding the Creeping Crisis, 51–67. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70692-0_4.
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AbstractThe Syrian conflict gave rise to a large mobilization of Islamist foreign fighters. In recent years, many of these foreign fighters have asked to be repatriated from overcrowded refugee camps in northern Syria, camps known as hotbeds for radicalization. While researchers and humanitarian organizations largely agree that repatriation can prevent further radicalization and transnational threats, political leaders refuse to act. As the dire humanitarian situation in the camps and a denial of responsibility at home intensify, the situation is becoming more acute. This chapter explores the issue of remaining foreign fighters in Syria and the evolving threat situation as an example of a creeping crisis. The chapter focuses specifically on the Swedish handling of these foreign fighters. At least three hundred Swedish citizens traveled to Syria in 2012. In recent years, many of these have asked to be repatriated. Similar to its European counterparts, the Swedish government has refused to meet these foreign fighters’ requests, potentially generating a broader global threat. The Swedish response is the focus of this chapter and illuminates one of the key aspects of a creeping crisis.
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Thelin, Katina, i Anette Forssten Seiser. "Nurturing Eco-thinking by Leading and Learning from the Future as It Emerges". W Living Well in a World Worth Living in for All, 31–43. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-97-1848-1_4.
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AbstractThis chapter explores what it means for Swedish principals to live well in a world worth living in for all and how such a world can be realised within Swedish schools and pre-schools. In the study on which the chapter is based, we have used the theory of practice architectures, and the concept of “presencing” found in Theory U, to detect and describe what we here refer to as emerging practices. The empirical data comprise 12 semi-structured interviews with principals participating in the Swedish National School Leadership Training Programme. As a result of the study, we can provide examples of current ongoing, as well as imagined, future practices. In addition, we are able to share results of our search for signs of presencing processes: examples of activities by which principals nurture praxis and practice transitions that incorporate a shift from ego- to eco-thinking.
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Salö, Linus, Björn Hammarfelt i Gustaf Nelhans. "Sources of Policy: Knowledge Brokering in Governmental Reports". W Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, 185–210. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48799-6_9.
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AbstractThis chapter explores indirect, text-based knowledge brokering through a study of Swedish governmental reports, known asStatens offentliga utredningar(SOUs). To this end, we endeavor to gauge the impact of knowledge uptake in their sources as displayed in their reference lists. Because SOUs are the outcome of commissions, we seek to position this feature of Swedish policymaking culture as an overlooked yet vital enabling condition for productive science–policy interaction where scholars and their knowledge can matter. However, doing so effectively requires a better understanding of the characteristics of impactful knowledge objects and the dynamics required to make them effective. Our analysis shows that the lion’s share of the references cited in the SOUs studied can be classified as gray literature and are published in Swedish. This suggests that scholars wanting to matter in a policy context may consider other routes besides the predominating genre of the peer-reviewed journal article in an English-language journal. Further implications of these findings are discussed vis-à-vis recent conceptualizations of agency in knowledge brokering as a lens through which to view collaborative impact in the future.
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Lundberg, Björn, i David Larsson Heidenblad. "Mobilizing Scandinavian Children and Youth for the Environment: Launching a Transnational Campaign 1968–1971". W Nordic Media Histories of Propaganda and Persuasion, 225–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05171-5_11.
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AbstractIn 1968, Swedish insurance company Folksam launched the information campaign Front mot miljöförstöringen (“Front against Environmental Degradation”). The campaign culminated in 1969 with large public hearings where young people addressed local politicians and industry leaders about environmental problems. Throughout this campaign, the aim was to activate youth and make them co-creators of large-scale social change. Within a year, initiatives were taken to launch the campaign in other Nordic countries as well. In this chapter, we explore this early transnational Nordic initiative to raise environmental awareness and the role of children and youth in advancing these issues in the Swedish and Norwegian editions of the campaign. By analysing the various media involved, we specifically discuss the interplay between information and activation.
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Landström, Yrsa, i Magnus Ekengren. "Migration, Borders, and Society". W Understanding the Creeping Crisis, 87–104. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-70692-0_6.
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AbstractIn recent years, we have learned that forced global migration pose a serious threat to international peace and societal values. Despite the many warnings and refugee crises across the world, most national governments have insufficiently addressed this threat. In this chapter, we try to explain this lack of action. The chapter explores possible explanations such as the denial mindset of “it probably won’t happen here (and if it does, it won’t affect my family and community)”. The chapter focuses on the border management crisis in Sweden in 2015. The Swedish government did not address the situation as a crisis until the refugees, who had been on the Mediterranean Sea and traversing north over the continent for months, ended up in Malmö in the south of Sweden in September 2015. This predictable set of events caused chaos for the unprepared Swedish police and the border and migration authorities who had to handle the situation under conditions of urgency and apparent uncertainty.
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Kosunen, Riitta, Maria Frick i Jaana Kolu. "Language Mixing in the Contact of Finnish with Swedish, Estonian, and English: The Case of Mixed Compound Nouns". W Arctic Encounters, 295–322. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42979-8_10.
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AbstractIn this chapter, we explore the language use of people who speak Finnish as one language and either Swedish, Estonian, or English as another. The analysis concentrates on mixed compound nouns, that is, complex nouns which have one part in Finnish and the other in another language. We discuss how these instances of language mixing reflect the everyday life and discourse practices of the participants and how languages can sometimes be mixed for no detectable reason at all.
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Trenter, Cecilia. "Heritaging and the Use of History in Margit Sandemo’s The Legend of the Ice People". W History and Speculative Fiction, 203–24. Cham: Springer Nature Switzerland, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42235-5_11.
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AbstractThis chapter explores the use of heritage and history in the popular romance series The Legend of the Ice People (1982–1989) by Norwegian-Swedish author Margit Sandemo. The epos is the 47-volume multigenerational saga of a family. The series is here defined as a story world in which Sandemo is the creator, but fans are actively involved in collective negotiations. The use of the past within the series offers interpretations to readers, who are putting the old-fashion modes into up-to-date, concurrent, and contemporary understandings of morality by emerging from the historical past within the series.
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Wikman, Pär, i Marcus Mohall. "Translating Space: The Rise and Fall of Central Place Theory and Planning-Geography in Sweden". W Socio-Spatial Theory in Nordic Geography, 31–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-04234-8_3.
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AbstractThis chapter explores the emergence and eventual decline of a distinctive kind of planning-oriented human geography in post-war Sweden and the closely related adaptation of Walter Christaller’s central place theory by geographers such as Torsten Hägerstrand and Sven Godlund. The rapidly expanding Swedish welfare state gave rise to a demand for skills and expertise of a kind many geographers were eager to provide, and Christaller’s abstract framework allowed them to position themselves as producers of socially useful knowledge. Eventually, however, several voices raised concerns about how the focus on planning and the dominance of reductive theories such as central place theory constrained the academic development of the discipline. The end of the expansive phase of the welfare state also decreased the demand for the expertise geographers had provided. In essence, the popularity of central place theory was tethered to a particular historical moment, and it only allowed for rather narrow analyses of socio-spatial relations. Nonetheless, the theory played a key role in the transformation of Swedish human geography into a modern social science, insofar as the comparatively novel understanding of space it provided contributed to the development of more complex and philosophical theories and approaches to geography.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Swedish Explorers"
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Svensson, Peter. "Exploiting Science: An In-depth Study of a Regional Collaborative Development Strategy". W 18th Annual High Technology Small Firms Conference, HTSF 2010. University of Twente, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3990/2.268487030.
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This paper explores how a new knowledge base centred on an emerging technology in a declining industrial city can spill over into the surrounding environment. Using a qualitative approach, it presents an in-depth case study of a Swedish urban region in order to explore who the actors are, how they have collaborated in the process, and what the outcomes have been. It discusses the impact of a regional collaborative strategy and bottom-up processes. It found a distinct difference between supportive and operative actors in relation to the creation of economic output, which has theoretical and policy implications. It concludes by categorising different bottom-up commercialisation processes.
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Brännvall, Rickard, Helena Linge i Johan Östman. "Can the use of privacy enhancing technologies enable federated learning for health data applications in a Swedish regulatory context?" W 35th Annual Workshop of the Swedish Artificial Intelligence Society SAIS 2023. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp199006.
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A recent report by the Swedish Authority for Privacy Protection (IMY) evaluates the potential of jointly training and exchangingmachine learningmodels between two healthcare providers. In relation to the privacy problems identified therein, this article explores the trade-off between utility and privacy when using privacyenhancing technologies (PETs) in combination with federated learning. Results are reported from numerical experiments with standard text-book machine learning models under both differential privacy (DP) and FullyHomomorphic Encryption (FHE). The results indicate that FHE is a promising approach for privacy-preserving federated learning, with the CKKS scheme being more favorable in terms of computational performance due to its support of SIMD operations and compact representation of encrypted vectors. The results for DP are more inconclusive. The article briefly discusses the current regulatory context and aspects that lawmakers may consider to enable an AI leap in Swedish healthcare while maintaining data protection.
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Casini, Luca, i Bob L. T. Sturm. "Tradformer: A Transformer Model of Traditional Music Transcriptions". W Thirty-First International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-22}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2022/681.
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We explore the transformer neural network architecture for modeling music, specifically Irish and Swedish traditional dance music. Given the repetitive structures of these kinds of music, the transformer should be as successful with fewer parameters and complexity as the hitherto most successful model, a vanilla long short-term memory network. We find that achieving good performance with the transformer is not straightforward, and careful consideration is needed for the sampling strategy, evaluating intermediate outputs in relation to engineering choices, and finally analyzing what the model learns. We discuss these points with several illustrations, providing reusable insights for engineering other music generation systems. We also report the high performance of our final transformer model in a competition of music generation systems focused on a type of Swedish dance.
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Pirinen, Aleksis, Anton Samuelsson, John Backsund i Kalle Åström. "Aerial View Localization with Reinforcement Learning: Towards Emulating Search-and-Rescue". W 35th Annual Workshop of the Swedish Artificial Intelligence Society SAIS 2023. Linköping University Electronic Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp199003.
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Climate-induced disasters are and will continue to be on the rise, and thus search-and-rescue (SAR) operations, where the task is to localize and assist one or several people who are missing, become increasingly relevant. In many cases the rough location may be known and a UAV can be deployed to explore a given, confined area to precisely localize the missing people. Due to time and battery constraints it is often critical that localization is performed as efficiently as possible. In this work we approach this type of problem by abstracting it as an aerial view goal localization task in a framework that emulates a SAR-like setup without requiring access to actual UAVs. In this framework, an agent operates on top of an aerial image (proxy for a search area) and is tasked with localizing a goal that is described in terms of visual cues. To further mimic the situation on an actual UAV, the agent is not able to observe the search area in its entirety, not even at low resolution, and thus it has to operate solely based on partial glimpses when navigating towards the goal. To tackle this task, we propose AiRLoc, a reinforcement learning (RL)-based model that decouples exploration (searching for distant goals) and exploitation (localizing nearby goals). Extensive evaluations show that AiRLoc outperforms heuristic search methods as well as alternative learnable approaches, and that it generalizes across datasets, e.g. to disaster-hit areas without seeing a single disaster scenario during training. We also conduct a proof-of-concept study which indicates that the learnable methods outperform humans on average. Code and models have been made publicly available at https://github.com/aleksispi/airloc.
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Edelbro, Catrin, Fredrik Perman i Fredrik Johansson. "Spiling in unstable tunnel sections – a benchmark and case study review". W The IV Nordic Symposium on Rock Mechanics and Rock Engineering. Jarðtæknifélag Íslands og Jarðgangafélag Íslands, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.33112/nrock2023.16.
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"In unstable ground, the tunnel can be pre-supported by driving spiles and forepoles into the crown and walls ahead of the excavation face with a small inclination angle upward. In Sweden, the nomenclature for this type of pre-support is ""spiling"". Spiling, which is a temporary support, is frequently used in Swedish tunnels. However, there is a lack of guidelines and international standardization for the design of spiling. This paper explores the design of spiling in unstable ground with focus on tunnels excavated in the Nordic countries with generally hard rock masses. Based on a benchmark, case and literature study review, example of guidelines and starting points in the design of spiling have been compiled. Cases, with different types of designed and installed spiling, are presented in the paper, followed by a discussion of when, and for what rock conditions, to use rebar spiles, pipe spiles, or self-drilling spiles to achieve a safe excavation progress. Analytical design methodologies used in Swedish cases are presented, including beam models for spiling sections between supporting arches or the face. Cases where numerical modelling have been used in the design of spiling are also described. The findings presented in this paper shows a lack of guidelines on how to design spiling. Future research work linked to model uncertainty, local arching effect and quality assessment is suggested, which will be beneficial for tunnel engineers in designing spiling in the future."
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Farhana, Mosarrat, i Daniel Swietlicki. "Digitalization as a Game-Changer: A Study on Swedish Video Game Industry". W The 2st Linnaeus Student Conference on Information Technology: Digital Transformation in the Contemporary World. Lnu Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/lscit2020.01.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The purpose of this study is to extend the understanding of the business model of video game retailers using online and physical stores. It focuses on the impact of digitalization on the retailing industry considering different actors like retailers and consumers. This is a qualitative multiple-case study based on deductive reasoning. Two cases of click-and-mortar retailers operating in the Swedish video game industry have been considered along with feedback from customers. Online personal interviews and semi-structured interviews have been conducted with retailers and customers respectively. Both primary and secondary data have been used. Findings show that video game retailers need to encourage engagement through incentives and other activities to create value and change up their formats and sales strategies through pricing to reach new customers and focus on design of their online store fronts to convey trustworthiness. It offers some insightful practical suggestions to retailers who are struggling hard to adopt digital transformations in the industry. Authors’ proposed research model, based on Sorescu et al. (2011)’s retail business model and the empirical findings, contributes in the less explored domain of research on business models from retailer’s perspectives. Moreover, it adds values in industry specific study like the video game industry in Sweden considering all actors, which is argued as scarce.
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Aangenendt, Gijs, Maria Skeppstedt i Ylva Söderfeldt. "Curating a historical source corpus of 20th century patient organization periodicals". W Huminfra Conference (HiC 2024). Linköping University Electronic Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/ecp205011.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Acting out Disease: How Patient Organizations Shaped Modern Medicine (ActDisease) explores the history of patient organizations in 20th century Europe. By combining traditional historiographic methods with text mining techniques, the project aims to shed light on how patient organizations co-constructed concepts of and management of disease. Part of the project is to digitize print sources and build a digital corpus for historical text mining. The corpus consists of periodical publications from selected British, French, German and Swedish patient organizations, a type of material that poses a number of challenges in scan quality, layout, and lack of consistency. This paper discusses the technical process of building the ActDisease corpus from digitizing patient organization periodicals to OCR post-processing. It touches upon the methodological questions and challenges of curating a corpus of fragmented and heterogeneous historical source material tailored to a specific project.
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Guillot, E., M. Epstein, C. Wieckert, G. Olalde, A. Steinfeld, S. Sante´n, U. Frommherz, S. Kra¨upl i T. Osinga. "Solar Carbothermic Production of Zinc From Zinc Oxide: Solzinc". W ASME 2005 International Solar Energy Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/isec2005-76015.
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In late 2004, the pilot Solzinc solar reactor was commissioned. The European Union and the Swiss Federal Office of Science and Education are funding this project to demonstrate the technical feasibility and the economical potential of producing Zn by reducing zinc oxide with the aid of concentrated solar energy and a small amount of carbon at a close to industrial scale. The zinc can be used as a means to store solar energy in a chemical way, e.g. suited to release electricity in Zinc-air fuel cells. This allows on demand use, boosting the availability of solar energy. Furthermore, as the Zinc-air fuel cells’ waste is ZnO, we get a cyclic process by reducing this ZnO in the Solzinc solar reactor. Numerous lab tests and numerical studies of the chemical and thermal behavior of the solar carbothermic ZnO reduction process were conducted by the Swiss Paul Scherrer Institute, the Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, the Israeli Weizmann Institute and the French CNRS Processes, Materials and Solar Energy laboratory. An indirectly heated beam-down reactor concept was chosen and influencing parameters, such as the type of carbon, the stoichiometry of the ZnO-C mix and the process temperature were explored. Based on these findings the technology was scaled up for the pilot plant for about 0.25 MW solar input leading to a designed zinc production rate of 50kg/h. The Swedish company ScanArc Plasma Systems AB developed a special quench system to produce zinc dust directly from the gaseous zinc exhausted from the solar reactor. The dust’s characteristics were adapted to the requirements of the Zn-air fuel cells developed by the German company ZOXY Energy System AG. The resulting zinc can be easily stored and transported for generating electricity as needed. In 2004, the pilot reactor, the quench system and extensive instrumentation were installed at the Weizmann Institute’s solar facilities to process batches of up to 500 kg of ZnO-C mixture. After cold testing of the installation and fulfilling all safety requirements, the first batches were processed. This paper explores the results of the commissioning to show the technical feasibility of this process to produce zinc and to store solar energy.
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Karlberg, Magnus, Magnus Löfstrand, Daniel Marjavaara i T. Staffan Lundström. "Simulation Driven Processing Function Development, Offering and Operation". W ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-87548.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In today’s industry, functional provision is becoming more and more important, necessitating increased simulation support. In this paper, the objective is to present a modeling and simulation approach for simulation-driven design (SDD) to support function development. The scope of this paper is simulation support for developing hardware equipment used in processing industry. The research is founded on industrial needs identified through two parallel interview-based studies in the Swedish process industry. Both companies explore doing business with functional products rather than hardware, in scenarios where the responsibility for and availability of the functions may remain with the service provider. One as-is and one future (to-be) scenario are presented. A decomposition of a general processing function (applicable to both companies) describes how the companies transfer machine input to output specifications. The decomposition includes customer and provider value and the paper demonstrates, as part of the results and based on the SDD approach, how that value may be increased through evaluation and prioritization. Additionally, the SDD approach shows that it is possible to identify a set of solutions which meet the specified requirements, supporting evaluation and prioritization of business offers and activities.
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Pantzos, Panagiotis, Anders Rosén, Jeffrey Buckley i Lena Gumaelius. "Engineering students’ motivation for learning in challenge-driven project courses: a qualitative pilot study". W SEFI 50th Annual conference of The European Society for Engineering Education. Barcelona: Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/conference-9788412322262.1178.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This pilot study explores engineering students’ motivation for learning and studying through the lens of Self-Determination Theory (SDT). Five postgraduate students from a research-intensive Swedish university participated in semi-structured qualitative interviews about their study experiences from different Challenge-Driven Education (CDE) courses. It adds to the limited, existing literature on CDE and is the first to study it from a purely motivational perspective. As this is a pilot study, the primary intent of the data analysis concerns the first two phases of Braun and Clarke’s (2006) thematic analysis approach - familiarisation and immersion in the data and generating initial codes. A combination of inductive and deductive approaches to analysing the data were used, and preliminary motivational factors emerged from the interviews are illustrated according to the SDT concepts. A variety of motivations for learning and studying, such as innovation, real-world problem solving, contribution to the society, and trial for following master thesis projects, emerged from the data and positioned on the self-determination continuum in which different types of regulations are guiding students’ behaviours simultaneously. Furthermore, autonomy in the choice of a project, feedback and assignment deadlines, and relationships within group work, enhanced or/and undermined the three psychological needs defined by SDT; autonomy, competence and relatedness. Preliminary findings are discussed in relation to the SDT literature, and practical applications are suggested for supporting the motivational needs of engineering students. Finally plans for a continuation of the study are discussed in light of this initial phase.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Swedish Explorers"
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Osanami Törngren, Sayaka, i Marcus Nyström. Are Swedes really racially color-blind? Examination of racial ascription and degree of Swedishness. Malmö University, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772735.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This is one of the first studies in Sweden testing the notion of racial color-blindness empirically in a Swedish context, by asking a sample of Swedish participants to assign race to images of faces with different phenotypes, rate how ‘Swedish’ the faces are perceived (referred to the degree of ‘Swedishness’) and identify the skin color of the faces (through the NIS skincolor scale). We also use eye-tracking to explore whether participants look differently at faces of different racial groups. The results show that skin-color is a decisive factor in the racial ascription as Black, while skin color is not determinant of the degree of Swedishness. What determines the degree of Swedishness is the racial assignment itself, in other words, how individuals perceive and categorize phenotypes into different racial groups. We conclude that Swedes are not truly racially color-blind and race does indeed matter in Sweden.
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Barquet, Karina, Peter Berg, Magnus Hieronymus, Marlon Vieira Passos, Karin André, Lisa Segnestam, Mathilda Englund, Katarina Inga i Faisal Ashraf. Assessing Cascading Effects from Multiple Hazards: An Example from Sweden. Stockholm Environment Institute, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51414/sei2022.042.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The HydroHazards project explores locations, sectors, and vital societal functions exposed to multiple hydrometeorological events. The project devises methods and tools to assess the cascading effects that multiple events may have upon critical infrastructures and social groups. This brief provides an overview of these methods and tools and a summary of their application in a Swedish case study (see Figure 1 for a timeline of activities).
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Bartolino, Valerio, Lena Bergström, Mårten Erlandsson i Birgit Koehler. Potential future climate change effects on Swedish fish and fisheries. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.69d4ds9ph6.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Oceans have been warming at an unprecedented rate over the last few decades and climate change is having profound effects on biodiversity and other ecosystem services that oceans provide for human well-being. The motivation for this report is a strong need to understand the consequences of climate change on aquatic ecosystems to develop strategies to minimize the impact on fished species, fisheries and society. The introduction and first chapters of the report are based on a literature review, which summarizes the current state of knowledge about climate change in the Swedish marine and coastal areas, patterns emerging from the main climate scenarios, and potential effects on fish and fisheries. This is followed by an analysis of species environmental limits and tolerances to a warming environment, focusing on selected fish and invertebrate species of commercial relevance. Thermal safety margins show a smaller buffer for species of boreal origin including the northern shrimp, the gadoids and vendace, among others. Analyses of preferred spawning temperatures and depths enable a preliminary overview of the potential sensitivities of species to a warming environment, showing inter alia that species requiring shallow and cold waters for reproduction are likely more sensitive to the effect of warming. The report also includes a specific analysis of how changes in temperature, salinity and oxygen may affect the availability of suitable spawning and nursery habitats in the Baltic Sea. Using information from recently updated maps of potential spawning and recruitment areas in the Baltic Sea, the potential loss of reproductive grounds is evaluated in an ensemble analysis based on multiple climate scenarios. Finally, the report includes a climate risk analysis, which integrates information on the stocks' specific susceptibilities to climate change (hazard), with information on the vulnerabilities of the evaluated systems and their exposure to climate change. The integration is carried out at the level of different fishing segments (fleets) and at the level of the different coastal administrative regions in Sweden. Thus, the risk analysis aims to identify the relative distribution of climate risk among fishing fleets and geographical regions, and explores how this may develop under alternative climate scenarios. The results show that the risk ranks higher for the salmon, vendace and shrimp fisheries, while geographically, the northern Baltic Sea ranks higher in risk compared to other regions. Most importantly, the analyses show that the risk is not equally driven by hazard, vulnerability and exposure for the different fleets and regions, suggesting that no single risk-reducing approach is sufficient and appropriate across all areas and fleets. The report concludes with a gap analysis together with suggestions for next steps to improve the state of knowledge and enable more precise risk analyses in the future, as well as with summary conclusions.
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Enberg, Cecilia, Anders Ahlbäck i Edvin Nordell. Green recovery packages: a boost for environmental and climate work in the Swedish construction and building industry? Linköping University Electronic Press, listopad 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3384/9789179291327.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The objective of this study is to explore whether the green recovery packages issued by the Swedish government are aligned with the work of the construction and building industry to become climate-neutral by 2045. We have interviewed heads of sustainability of some of the largest companies in the industry and surveyed companies that have signed the Roadmap for a fossil-free construction and building industry1. Our results show that market-related challenges constitute the most important challenges to the environmental and climate work of the companies in our study. To better respond to these challenges, they require policies that reward frontrunners, primarily green public procurement, and tougher standards and norms. They also requested investments and policies that support the transition to a circular economy. We conclude that while green public procurement is not among the policies and investments included in the recovery packages, other parts are well aligned with the challenges encountered, requested investments and policies, and on-going work. This is particularly true for the above-mentioned investments related to the transition to a circular economy. Further, the study enables us to conclude that it is important to consider the long-term effects of green recovery packages and their potential for return-on-investment in terms of reductions in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions per SEK. Such packages will also have a better effect if they support on-going environmental and climate work, initiate new actions, and are designed with a systems perspective that facilitates joint action between different companies along the entire supply chain.
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Tayibov, Khayyam. Tagging Birthplace for Optimal Tax Policy Redistribution, and Welfare. Department of Economics and Statistics, Linnaeus University, maj 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.15626/ns.wp.2024.09.
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This paper studies the question of how place of birth affects the design of effective tax policies. Using Swedish population-wide register data, I investigate the relationship between regional origin and economic outcomes. Using a numerical simulation approach, I explore the implications of tagging individuals based on their place of birth for optimal tax policy and income redistribution. The numerical simulations show that under optimal tax policy, individuals from more populous regions are consistently assigned higher marginal and average tax rates, implying that the government redistributes from these regions to less populous ones. Moreover, I find that such policies can lead to significant welfare improvements.
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Ahammad, Ronju, i Francisco X. Aguilar. Socio-economic indicators for the assessment of sustainability in the Swedish forest sector, and linkages with the national environmental quality objectives. SLU Future forests, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.6cbejge10k.
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Sweden’s Environmental Quality Objectives (EQOs) have been adopted to help describe the environment the country wishes to achieve, and are a promise to future generations of clean air, a healthy living environment, and rich opportunities to enjoy nature. Here, we assessed selected socio-economic indicators adapted from the Montréal Process for the Conservation and Sustainable Management of Temperate and Boreal Forests (MP) to examine trends in the Swedish forest sector of direct relevance to the EQOs. We did this with the aim of raising awareness about important socio-economic dimensions related to the EQOs, and to explore the linkages between the EQOs and the forest bioeconomy. We focused on the forest sector because of its central importance to meeting the EQOs, and fundamental social and economic roles it plays in Swedish society. The MP was chosen as our guiding framework because it was developed to assess national-level sustainable forest conservation and management, thus, incorporating critical economic, environmental and social dimensions. We applied a mixed methods approach based on a literature review, analyses of national and multilateral databases, and consultation with experts to identify and interpret selected indicators. We identified forest sector socio-economic indicators relevant to the EQOs related to forest property and ownership, economic value and consumption of wood and wood products, employment, wood energy, access to greenery, per capita forest availability, and cultural values. Interpretation of national-level indicators estimated for the 2000-2020 period point to overall progress toward maintaining forest conservation and production areas and a sector that has added substantial economic value through the processing of wood and wood products. Forests are an importance source of renewable energy and increasingly support the location of non-wood energy sources through the placement of wind power mills across forested lands. Downward trends were observed in fewer forest owners, a shrinking workforce, and per capita forest area which might be explained by processes of bequeathing, higher industry efficiencies and continued population growth. Selected indicators related to production forests, wood energy, per capita protected forests and cultural importance suggest these can directly support relevant EQOs including living forests, limited climate impact, rich plant and animal life. Through exports and hiring foreign workers, the Swedish forest sector has kept a direct linkage with the consumption of wood products abroad and in supporting economic wellbeing in lesser-developed nations through wages from forestry and non-wood seasonal employment, respectively. There is limited current information on cultural aspects such as heritage values and reindeer herding. Available data suggest a declining trend in damages to cultural remains within forest felling areas. We recommend regular and periodic assessment of the cultural and conservation values for Swedish forests to strengthen the ability to assess social and ecological sustainability relevant to the EQOs.
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Bartolino, Valerio, Birgit Koehler i Lena Bergström, red. Climate effects on fish in Sweden : Species-Climate Information Sheets for 32 key taxa in marine and coastal waters. Department of Aquatic Resources, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54612/a.4lmlt1tq5j.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The purpose of this publication is to summarize the state of knowledge on the effects of environmental variability and climate change for individual species and stocks based on literature review, giving species-climate information for 32 key taxa in Swedish marine and coastal waters. The report is written in English. The extent and scale of recent changes in climate due to global warming is unprecedented and causes increasing effects on ecosystems. In oceans, ongoing warming leads to, for example, increased water temperatures, decreased ice cover and effects on hydrology and water circulation patterns that can in turn influence salinity. The environmental alterations affect species distribution, biology, and hence also the delivery of marine ecosystem services and human well-being. The results of this review on the effects of environmental variability and climate change on marine taxa are presented as species-climate information sheets designed in a user-friendly format aimed to enhance accessibility for professionals spanning different fields and roles, including e.g. scientific experts, NGOs affiliates and managers. The species-climate information sheets presented here cover 32 key taxa selected among the economically and ecologically most important coastal and marine fish and crustacean species in Swedish waters. The species-wise evaluations show that climate change leads to a wide range of effects on fish, reflecting variations in their biology and physiological tolerances. The review also highlights important data and knowledge gaps for each species and life stage. Despite the high variability and prevailing uncertainties, some general patterns appeared. On a general level, most fish species in Swedish marine and coastal waters are not expected to benefit from climate change, and many risks are identified to their potential for recruitment, growth and development. Boreal, marine and cold-adapted species would be disadvantaged at Swedish latitudes. However, fish of freshwater origin adapted to warmer temperature regimes could benefit to some extent in the Baltic Sea under a warming climate. Freshwater fish could also be benefitted under further decreasing salinity in the surface water in the Baltic Sea. The resulting effects on species will not only depend on the physiological responses, but also on how the feeding conditions for fish, prey availability, the quality of essential fish habitats and many other factors will develop. A wide range of ecological factors decisive for the development of fish communities are also affected by climate change but have not been explored here, where we focused on the direct effects of warming. The sensitivity and resilience of the fish species to climate change will also depend on their present and future health and biological status. Populations exposed to prolonged and intense fishing exploitation, or affected by environmental deterioration will most likely have a lower capacity to cope with climate change effects over time. For both the Baltic Sea and the North Sea, it is important to ensure continued work to update and improve the species-climate information sheets as results from new research become available. It can also be expected that new important and relevant biological information and improved climate scenarios will emerge continuously. Continued work is therefore important to update and refine the species-climate information sheets, help filling in currently identified knowledge gaps, and extend to other species not included here. Moreover, there is need to integrate this type of species-level information into analyses of the effects of climate change at the level of communities and ecosystems to support timely mitigation and adaptation responses to the challenges of the climate change.
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Bolton, Laura. Donor Support for the Human Rights of LGBT+. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), czerwiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/k4d.2021.100.
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This rapid review synthesises evidence on the bilateral and multilateral donors promoting and protecting the human rights of LGBT+ people on a global scale. It focusses on those donors that have policies, implementation plans and programmes on LGBT+ rights. This review also examines the evidence on the impact of their work. The bilateral donors providing the most support for LGBT+ (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, +) communities in 2017-18 are the Swedish International Development Cooperation Agency (Sida), UK Department for International Development (DFID), The Netherlands Development Cooperation, Norwegian Agency for Development Cooperation (Norad), and the European Commission (EC). Whilst the multilateral donors providing the most support for LGBT+ are the UN and World Bank. The United Nations (UN) is doing a huge amount of work on LGBT+ rights across the organisation which there was not scope to fully explore in this report. The UN Office of the High Commissioner on Human Rights (UNOCHR) in particular is doing a lot on this theme. They publish legal obligation information, call attention to rights abuses through general assembly resolutions. The dialogue with governments, monitor violations and support human rights treaties bodies. The work of the World Bank in this area focuses on inclusion rather than rights. A small number of projects were identified which receive funding from bilateral and multilateral donors. These were AMSHeR, International Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Trans and Intersex Association (ILGA), and Stonewall. This rapid review focused on identifying donor support for LGBT+ rights, therefore, searches were limited to general databases and donor websites, utilising non-academic and donor literature. Much of the information comes directly from websites and these are footnoted throughout the report. Little was identified in the way of impact evaluation within the scope of this report. The majority of projects found through searches were non-governmental and so not the focus of this report.