Rozprawy doktorskie: „Sustainable rural development”

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Lee, Kin-ki Chesterfield. "Sustainable development in the rural New Territories /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21041891.

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Lee, Kin-ki Chesterfield, i 李建基. "Sustainable development in the rural New Territories". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259960.

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Mamotho, Mpho Benett. "Sustainable rural development projects in Ficksburg Local Municipality". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/5751.

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The current study aimed to evaluation of a Rural Development project in this case the (Kabelo Trust), by evaluating the factors that contributes to its sustainability even though 70% of the members did not undergo high school education. Qualitative research methods was employed in gathering accurate information from the project members about the strategies that they are employing in sustaining the project while many government funded project does not last for even a year. The involvement of the stakeholders like Setsoto Local Municipality, the Department of Agriculture and the Department of Rural Development and Land Reform, the role they played in the project was also explored. It was therefore suggested by the researcher that the main stakeholder which is the Department of Agriculture should assist the project in establishing market for products in other countries.

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Kelly, Maxine. "Sustainable rural livelihoods : a case study of Malawi". Thesis, Kingston University, 2000. http://eprints.kingston.ac.uk/20682/.

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This thesis complements and extends understanding of the contribution of new approaches to development to the goal of achieving sustainable rural livelihoods. This is achieved by critically evaluating the concepts of agricultural sustainability and rural livelihoods. This study examines the use and management of natural resources by smallholder farmers in central Malawi. Development interventions by PROSCARP, a development project running nationally in Malawi and funded by EU, within the case study area were evaluated. This thesis has focused on land degradation and critically evaluates the new participatory or bottom up development paradigm in light of large-scale project interventions for land husbandry. A multidisciplinary approach, utilising a range of qualitative and quantitative methods provided a sound empirical basis for assessing the complexities of rural poverty and development interventions. This thesis identified a wide range of interlinked rural problems and opportunities. This clearly indicates that a single issue, such as soil conservation, cannot be separated from other aspects of sustainable rural livelihoods. This thesis therefore argues, on the basis of empirical evidence, as well as a critical review of the literature, that agricultural sustainability must encompass all aspects of rural livelihoods. The response of farmers to development interventions is highest for technologies that directly cater to their needs or which are based on local knowledge and technologies. This thesis highlights the need to identify and target appropriate interventions for individual households. Analysis of livelihood strategies also revealed a wide diversity of income sources within the case study area. The potential for increasing agricultural production is limited by landholding size and the potential for farmers to further diversify their income or food sources should be investigated in more detail. The evidence from the literature shows that participatory development processes have achieved successes in small-scale projects. This research concludes that it is also possible incorporate and change the type of participation in a pre-existing large-scale project. The analyses in this thesis suggests that unless interactive participation or self-mobilisation is achieved there is a strong possibility that introduced technologies will not be sustained and the community may not feel the long-term benefits of the project. The main obstacle to achieving interactive participation in a large-scale project is the empowerment of the beneficiaries. Finally, in light of the results of this research a number of recommendations are discussed which include a suggested focus on individual households or marginalized groups within a community, and a clear strategy for passing control of the project to the beneficiaries to ensure long term benefits after project withdrawal.

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Wallace, Gary E. "Governance for sustainable rural development : a critique of the ARMCANZ - DPIE structures and policy cycles /". [Richmond, N.S.W.] : Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Western Sydney - Hawkesbury, 1998. http://library.uws.edu.au/adt-NUWS/public/adt-NUWS20030520.162146/index.html.

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Thesis (MSc. (Honours)) -- University of Western Sydney, Hawkesbury, 1998.
"A thesis submitted in fulfilment of the requirements for a degree of Master of Science (Honours), Faculty of Environmental Management and Agriculture, University of Western Sydney - Hawkesbury." "January 1998" Bibliography: leaves 207 - 227.

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Mqingwana, Cwaka Batandwa. "The role of co-operatives in the socio-economic developmet of Dutywa villages". Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/1306.

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The purpose of the study was to investigate how the co-operatives can be used to uplift the standard of living in the rural, with specific reference to Dutywa villages of Ngcingwane, Mangati and Mbewuleni. In other words is ‘how do we make co-operatives work’. The overall purpose of the study was to investigate whether co-operatives have contributed to positive change in the socio-economic conditions in the three villages of Dutywa. The research further analyzes the performance of the co-operatives in terms of their leadership and management structures. The research was also to find out what the challenges are and what are the gaps associated with the performance of the co-operatives. The research was also to look at how the support from different government departments and other government agencies are used to enhance the co-operatives governance. Lastly, the research was to find the best model for co-operative development and what needs to be done to enhance the capacity of the co-operatives. In the study that was carried out, four different approaches were used. The research was based on action research which involved a range of instruments like questionnaires, focus group interviews, conversation and observation. Both comparative and qualitative research frameworks were used for different purposes and at different times. Comparative approach is used when the three co-operatives are compared to each other. Differences on governance and administrative issues on governance such as capital, market and the impact thereafter is reported on. The research assumption was that co-operative development is a viable tool for economic development of the rural areas. This can help many South Africans and many communities come out of poverty. However, there are 6 limitations that are caused by the inability of government to co-ordinate co-operative development. Despite the role that co-operatives play in South Africa, co-operatives still experience a number of challenges. These challenges are, amongst others, lack of access to finance, lack of access to market, lack of business skills, lack of infrastructural facilities and lack of knowledge about the co-operative. In view of the challenges facing the co-operatives, the government instituted a number of state departments and parastatals for funding and other necessary support. These are DTI, DEDEA (in the Eastern Cape), ECDC, SEDA, Department of Labour and municipalities. The objectives of these support institutions are to provide necessary support needed by co-operatives and to ensure that co-operative development is sustainable. The findings of this study suggest that co-operatives play a vital role in the socio-economic development of the rural villages. Co-operatives create self-employment and sometimes employment through temporary employment offered; provide space and time for socialization and lastly co-operative members are sometimes through their produce able to provide basic foodstuffs to the family. In view of the socio-economic benefits of the co-operatives in rural villages of Dutywa, it is highly recommended that various support programmes that are already there within the departments should be enhanced. Assistance to co-operatives should not only be limited to government funding for co-operatives but more concentration should be on finding market for their products.

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Kullaj, Endrit <1976&gt. "Organic farming policies for a sustainable development of rural Albania". Doctoral thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2007. http://amsdottorato.unibo.it/432/.

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Tischenko, Igor. "Rural Industrialization: Integrated and Sustainable Solutions for Poverty Reduction in Rural China". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/583.

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China has achieved unprecedented economic growth and consequent successes in poverty alleviation over the past three decades of economic liberalization and market-oriented reforms. Yet, in order to continue its progress in poverty reduction, while addressing pressing environmental and sociopolitical concerns, it is crucial for China’s leaders to achieve and sustain green, equitable, and robust economic performance in all parts of China. This thesis argues that a reconceptualized and strengthened rural industrialization program would enable China to maintain economic growth and assist with the transition to a domestically driven consumer economy. Moreover, rural industrialization, coupled with targeted administrative and institutional policy modifications, will enable the Chinese government to provide support to millions of its rural poor, thus avoiding social instability and potentially severe internal conflicts. Such a program would also lessen pollution and its associated costs on China’s densely populated cities, by shifting heavy urban industries to relatively less contaminated areas while adopting cleaner, environmentally sustainable technologies, introduced in a participatory manner in consultation with local communities. This approach would concurrently address regional, rural-to-urban, and intra-communal disparities, provide opportunity for “green growth” initiatives, and better equip rural populations to address growing vulnerabilities as a result of climate change.

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Chender, Isabel, Raquel Luna Viggiani i Zulma Patarroyo. "The Role of Rural Development Interventions in Creating a Sustainable Society". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Institutionen för strategisk hållbar utveckling, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2431.

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The inter-related social and ecological facets of global sustainability imply that the way society develops will impact the environment. Development presents complex, multifaceted challenges. Interventions in the developing world in the form of projects created by the agencies, organizations and agents of the international development community increasingly appreciate and seek to address these challenges. Yet, to do so effectively, interventions need to shift from fragmented, sector-specific approaches based on formal data reports to approaches that anticipate, adapt, transform, and learn. This research aims to complement and support the practical and theoretical knowledge of rural development agents with insights from practitioners using approaches that consider complexity in other fields, in order to explore how development interventions could play a role in moving society toward sustainability. A prototype guide for rural development interventions synthesizes results gathered from interviews with rural development agents within Latin America and learning experience designers into three levels: system, interaction, and personal. The Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development (FSSD) provides a systems perspective and unifying definition of sustainability. The interaction level presents key recommendations, rationale, and methods for action, and the personal level presents reflection questions. This research hopes to inspire mutual learning between development actors and communities.

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Guo, Huanxiu. "The "New Rural Reconstruction" : movement and sustainable agricultural development in China". Thesis, Clermont-Ferrand 1, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013CLF10434/document.

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Cette thèse étudie le mouvement de la Nouvelle Reconstruction Rurale (NRR) sous l'angle du développement durable, en prenant l'exemple concret du village de Sancha, une communauté rurale de la province du Guangxi en Chine. Initié en 2003, la NRR est un réseau national de projets de développement qui réunit des intellectuels, des étudiants et des organisations dont l'objectif estd'expérimenter différents modèles de développement agricole et rural en Chine. Comme alternative à l'industrialisation agricole, la NRR favorise la coopération entre les petits agriculteurs, le savoir-faire local et l'agro-écologie pour le développement durable de l'agriculture. Afin de comprendre ses caractéristiques institutionnelles, son fonctionnement et son impact, nous avons mené une enquête dans le village de Sancha pour collecter des données sur les comportements socio-économiques de petits exploitants agricoles, et proposé trois études de cas sur la NRR. Nos analyses empiriques suggèrent que la NRR a promu le développement de l'agriculture biologique dans le village. Les activités sociales sont efficaces pour la construction du réseau social via lequell'agriculture biologique a été diffusée rapidement. Néanmoins, sans la formation technique suffisante et continue, les paysans récemment convertis à l'agriculture biologique tendent à sur-utiliser l'azote et perdent leur avantage environnemental dans la riziculture. Pour améliorer la performance des petits paysans, l'apprentissage participatif social paraît utile mais limité car les petits agriculteurs sont plutôt tirés par la performance économique que par la protection environnementale. De ces résultats, nous recommandons un partenariat Etat-société civile qui combine les services d'extension agricole du gouvernement et la reconstruction rurale ascendante pour l'objectif commun d'une agriculture durable en Chine
This doctoral thesis studies the New Rural Reconstruction (NRR) movement from a sustainable development perspective, through a concrete case of Sancha village, a rural community in China's Guangxi province. Initiated in 2003, the NRR is a grassroots network of development projects which unites intellectuals, students and organizations to experiment with different models of agricultural and rural development in China. As an alternative to agricultural industrialization, the NRR favors the cooperation of smallholder farmers, local knowledge and agro-ecology for sustainable agricultural development. In order to understand the NRR's institutional characteristics, functioning and impact, we conducted a survey in Sancha village to collect data on smallholder farmers' socio-economic behavior and performed three in-depth NRR case studies. Our empirical analysis suggests that the NRR has promoted the development of organic farming in the village. Social activities are cost-effective for social network building where organic farming is diffused rapidly. Nevertheless, without sufficient, ongoing technical training, farmers newly converted to organic farming tend to overuse nitrogen and lose their environmental advantage in rice production. To improve the performance of smallholder farmers, participatory social learning appears useful but limited because smallholder farmers are interested in economic performance rather than environmental protection. On basis of these results, we recommend a state-civil society partnership which combines the government's agricultural extension services and bottom-up rural reconstruction for the commonobjective of sustainable agriculture in China

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Chang, Jung-Chen. "The role of tourism in sustainable rural development : A multiple case study in rural Taiwan". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1629/.

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This thesis adopts an integrated tourism research approach to investigate the role of tourism in sustainable rural development. It identifies what the key ingredients of sustainable rural tourism development (SRTD) could be, which include an effective policy framework, good partnerships between stakeholders and a strong connection between tourism and local resources. A qualitative approach is adopted in investigating the cases of the Puli, Yuchih, and Renai townships in Taiwan, and the investigation focuses on three key concepts of policy, partnership and place (3Ps). Several issues emerged from the investigation. Due to dependence on central government support, the public-private partnership appears problematic; however, the strong level of business support networks and community organisations engaging in tourism strengthens local initiative in promoting sustainable development. The effects of tourism on local development are perceived as having more positive outcomes than negative ones, even though, the contribution of tourism to SRTD is still considered limited due to the scale of the rural decline problem it is trying to address. The influential correlations between policy, partnership, and place that emerged from the empirical findings evidently support the 3 Ps integrated tourism concept proposed by this research. This provides a more realistic and holistic understanding of tourism in rural areas. The thesis contributes to the literature by introducing the 3 Ps integrated tourism concept, and empirically, through the case studies, it also contributes to the understanding of current rural tourism development in an East Asian context.

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Hallnäs, Charlotta. "Collaboration for Sustainable Rural Development among public actors in Uppsala County". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-411970.

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Collaboration is increasingly seen as an important aspect for sustainable development and sustainability, both within academia as well as among practitioners. The very nature of many sustainability issues requires collaboration and in the Swedish context collaboration on a county level is deemed necessary for the achievement of Agenda 2030 and the Sustainable Development Goals. The divide between urban and rural is likewise an important topic for achieving sustainability, where neither exist in isolation but are rather dependent on each other. Ensuring that Sweden has a thriving countryside, where people want to live and work is therefore paramount for sustainable development. With this backdrop this thesis takes a closer look at Uppsala county, with the aim of gaining a better understanding of public actors’ ability to collaborate for sustainable rural development in Uppsala county. The thesis was designed through co-design with Upplandsbygd Lokalt ledd utveckling, a LEADER-office located in Uppsala county, and implements a qualitative inductive research approach and a flexible research design. Through semi-structured interviews with officials from different public authorities, the thesis establishes what can be considered as challenges and opportunities for sustainable rural development as well as what may hinder or enable the actors’ ability to collaborate on these issues. The research show that differences such as organization size and resources can influence the collaborative process among public actors. The interview results also underline the different challenges the participants are faced with and how this may either inhibit their ability to collaborate or enhance their need to do so. Focusing on rural development, the thesis also discusses how the relationship between city and countryside is found to impact not only what challenges or opportunities the actors identifies, but also their ability to collaborate on sustainability issues. It concludes that the countryside is an important arena for sustainable development, and that collaboration among public actors on the county level is imperative for achieving sustainable rural development in a county like Uppsala.
Begreppet samverkan förekommer allt mer, både bland forskare och aktörer, när man talar om hållbar utveckling och hållbarhet. Själva karaktären hos många hållbarhetsfrågor kräver samarbete och i det svenska sammanhanget anses samverkan på regionalnivå vara nödvändigt för att uppnå Agenda 2030 och de globala målen för hållbar utveckling. Skillnaden mellan stad och landsbygd är också ett viktigt område för att uppnå hållbarhet. Både stad och landsbygd är beroende av varandra och deras respektive förutsättningar bör tas i beaktan när man diskuterar lösningar för en hållbar framtid. Att säkerställa att Sverige har en levande landsbygd, där människor vill bo och arbeta anses därför vara av största vikt för att säkerställa en hållbar utveckling inte bara av Sveriges landsbygder, utan för hela landet. Med denna bakgrund tar denna uppsats en närmare titt på Uppsala län, i syfte att få en bättre förståelse för offentliga aktörers förmåga att samverka när det gäller hållbar landsbygdsutveckling. Studien är utformad genom samdesign med Upplandsbygd Lokalt ledd utveckling och tillämparen kvalitativ induktiv forskningsmetod med en flexibel forskningsdesign. Genom semistrukturerade intervjuer med tjänstemän från olika offentliga myndigheter, fastställer föreliggande studie vad som kan betraktas som utmaningar och möjligheter för hållbar landsbygdsutveckling samt vad som kan hindra eller möjliggöra för aktörerna att samverkan i dessa frågor. Studien visar att skillnader som organisationsstorlek och tillgång till resurser, både i form av finansiella medel likväl som personal och arbetstid, kan påverka samarbetsprocessen mellan aktörerna. Resultaten från intervjuerna understryker också de olika utmaningarna som deltagarna står inför och hur dessa antingen kan hämma deras förmåga att samarbeta eller öka deras behov av samverkan. Med fokus på landsbygdsutveckling diskuterar uppsatsen förhållandet mellan stad och landsbygd och hur det påverkar inte bara vilka utmaningar eller möjligheter aktörerna ser, utan också deras förmåga att samarbeta kring hållbarhetsfrågor. I uppsatsen dras slutsatsen att landsbygden är en viktig arena för hållbarhetsfrågor, och att samverkan mellan offentliga aktörer på regionalnivå är nödvändigt för att uppnå en hållbar landsbygdsutveckling i ett län som Uppsala. Regional samhällsplanering föreslås också som en potentiell väg framåt för aktörerna i studien. Därtill förs en diskussion kring vilken roll Upplandsbygd Lokalt ledd utveckling bör ta i det fortsatta arbetet mot hållbar landsbygdsutveckling.

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Williams, Rachael M. "Do geographical indications promote sustainable rural development? : two UK case studies and implications for New Zealand rural development policy". Lincoln University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10182/585.

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Geographical indications (GIs) are one form of protective labelling used to indicate the origin of food and alcohol products. The role of protected geographical indicators as a promising sustainable rural development tool is the basis for this research. The protection of geographical indications is a rather controversial subject and much research is still required for both sides of the debate. The research method employed for this study is qualitative critical social science. Two Case studies are used to investigate the benefits brought to rural areas through the protection of GIs. The case studies include the GIs Jersey Royal and Welsh Lamb both from the United Kingdom a member of the European Union (the EU is in favour of extended protection of GIs for all agro-food products under the 1994 WTO/TRIPS agreement on geographical indications). Twenty-five indepth interviews were conducted for this study the duration of the interviews was approximately one hour. The study identifies predominantly indirect links between GIs and sustainable rural development, through economic and social benefits bought to rural areas by the GIs investigated - less of a connection was found to ecological elements. No considerable cost for GI protection was discovered. This finding suggests that GIs are worthwhile for implementation in New Zealand as a rural development tool.

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Giles, Antùnez de Mayolo Carla. "Sustainability from below, the MST and sustainable rural development in Brazil". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ61556.pdf.

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Wang, Hanjie [Verfasser]. "Sustainable Development: Rural Poverty and Climate Change in Agriculture / Hanjie Wang". Göttingen : Niedersächsische Staats- und Universitätsbibliothek Göttingen, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1220504475/34.

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Malual, Joseph Deng. "Sustainable livelihoods analysis of post-conflict rural development in southern Sudan". [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2008.

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Ley, Debora. "Sustainable development, climate change, and renewable energy in rural Central America". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2013. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:90ce7966-ad99-4bcc-9192-001712ca03f1.

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Can rural renewable energy projects simultaneously meet the multiple goals of sustainable development, climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation? If so, under what conditions? Rural communities throughout Latin America have increasingly suffered the impacts of climate change and few policies exist to help them adapt to these impacts. The basic infrastructure and services that they frequently lack can be provided by low carbon technologies, potentially funded by international carbon finance flows that could enable the Millennium Development Goals of economic growth and poverty alleviation to be met while minimizing carbon emissions. This research will focus on this interrelationship among development, climate change mitigation and climate change adaptation policies and practices using political ecology to analyse community renewable energy projects in rural Central America. I assess fifteen community-owned renewable energy projects in Guatemala and Nicaragua to analyse whether current renewable energy projects are achieving these goals in an integrated way. The projects were established primarily as development, emissions reductions, climate change adaptation and disaster relief. The projects are evaluated on economic, development and climate change indicators that include sustainable development, poverty alleviation, emissions reductions, and climate vulnerability. I examine how the type of common property governance, local historical and environmental background and project implementation process influence the project success in meeting multiple objectives of climate adaptation, mitigation and development. Research methods include participatory poverty assessment techniques, semi-structured interviews, stakeholder analysis, and a combination of rapid and participatory methods. The analysis of sustainable development and vulnerability used the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach methodologies and emissions reductions were calculated using standard carbon reduction methodologies. The results show that, under certain conditions, renewable energy projects can simultaneously meet these three objectives, and thus that responses to climate change can be integrated with poverty alleviation and sustainable development. Small scale hydroelectric and solar systems can reduce emissions, enable adaptation and help local livelihoods although there are numerous problems that limit the success of projects including poor design, inequitable distribution of benefits, and poorly designed governance and maintenance structures.

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Nunes, Lambiasi Layla. "Sustainable life, not sustainable development - “Other” epistemologies in sanitation policy in Rural Brazil : The case of Brazil’s National Program for Rural Sanitation". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för tema, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-170214.

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Despite decades of global efforts to provide the whole of the world’s population with appropriated water and sanitation, these remain one of the biggest challenges of our time, with the gap being even greater in rural areas. Commonly dominated by technological and managerialist solutions, the field of water and sanitation have been subject, since its origins, to rationalities grounded in western knowledge. As a result, approaches to the topic tends to disregard deeper relationships between the social world and its historical, political, economic and cultural realizations. While many discuss water and sanitation in terms of supply, others indicate how current shortcomings are more related to power structures. Universal paradigms in water and sanitation constitutes epistemological hegemony. The present thesis explores, based on a decolonial and Latin-American political ecology framework, how dominant rationalities contribute for a great share of people around the globe to remain without access to water and sanitation. Taking as a case study Brazil’s National Program for Rural Sanitation (PNSR – in Portuguese), the thesis investigates its formulation process to understand how its constitution and final product represent alternative epistemologies, also presenting its relationships with the pursuit of sustainability. Four elements of the PNSR’s formulation are especially highlighted: the engagement with social movements; the openness to a dialogue of knowledges; the participative and qualitative methods; and, the shared approaches to sustainability. Discussions draw upon the importance of questioning dominant epistemologies; recognizing the linkages between health, sanitation, conflict and resistance in rural Brazil; and, constructing sustainability as a space for the encounter of different rationalities.
Mesmo que esforços globais para fornecer água e saneamento adequados a toda a população mundial somem décadas de investimento, estes continuam sendo um dos maiores desafios de nosso tempo, com a lacuna sendo ainda maior nas áreas rurais. Comumente dominado por soluções tecnológicas e gerenciais, o campo da água e do saneamento esteve sujeito, desde as suas origens, a racionalidades alicerçadas em saberes ocidentais. Como resultado, a abordagem do tema tende a desconsiderar relações mais profundas entre o mundo social e suas realizações históricas, políticas, econômicas e culturais. Enquanto muitos discutem água e saneamento em termos de abastecimento, outros indicam como as deficiências atuais estão mais relacionadas a estruturas de poder. Paradigmas universais em água e saneamento constituem uma hegemonia epistemológica. A presente tese explora, a partir de um arcabouço de ecologia política decolonial e latino-americana, como racionalidades dominantes contribuem para que grande parte da população mundial permaneça sem acesso à água e ao saneamento. Tomando como estudo de caso o Programa Nacional de Saneamento Rural do Brasil (PNSR), a tese investiga seu processo de formulação para compreender como sua constituição e produto final representam epistemologias alternativas, apresentando também suas relações com a busca pela sustentabilidade. Quatro elementos da formulação do PNSR são especialmente destacados: o engajamento com os movimentos sociais; a abertura ao diálogo de saberes; os métodos participativos e qualitativos; e, as abordagens compartilhadas para a sustentabilidade. As discussões baseiam-se na importância em se questionar epistemologias dominantes; reconhecendo as ligações entre saúde, saneamento, conflito e resistência no Brasil rural; e, construindo a sustentabilidade como um espaço de encontro de diferentes racionalidades.

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Winther, Anne M. "Survive or thrive : creating options for sustainable communities in rural Scotland". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/21186.

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Environmental and socio-economic crises are creating compelling needs for radical social change. This project investigated the options and barriers for three Scottish rural communities (Fintry, Killin and Kinlochleven) to become sustainable and thrive in a future resource-constrained world. A unique, holistic and mixed methods approach was used to assess baseline sustainability, envision and model futures and develop possible options for sustainability. Central to this investigation was the development of a strong and holistic model of a sustainable community: the sustainable community design (SCD). This framework shaped the assessment of each community’s baseline sustainability. Sustainability was measured for the ten aspects of the SCD using a scorecard approach with a basket of indicators populated by primary data (collected in a household survey) and secondary data (national statistics). Sustainable consumption was analysed using the Resources and Energy Analysis Programme (REAP) to generate each community’s ecological footprint (EF) and results were compared to current estimates of per capita world biocapacity to gauge sustainability. Even the most sustainable community was only sustainable in three out of ten of the SCD’s aspects and this community had the highest EF. Although the most deprived community had the lowest EF, it was unsustainable in all ten SCD aspects. The results reflected the heterogeneity of rural communities and complexity of sustainability measurement. The SCD scorecard approach for sustainability measurement was shown to be sensitive and robust and can be applied to rural communities across Scotland. Future visions were created in focus groups, in which participants were asked to envision what their community would need to thrive in 2030 under the scenario of peak oil and a low carbon economy. Vision ideas and examples of best practice and technological innovation were used to create narrative scenarios for modelling transport, food and energy futures. The scenarios’ EFs were calculated in REAP for three discrete levels of change: a marginal change, a step change and radical transformation. The results suggested that radical transformation is required for communities to become sustainable. Key features are likely to be re-localised and highly co-operative societies, which utilise technological innovations (such as electric cars powered by renewable energy) and share resources to maximise opportunities for living in rural areas. A community’s transformation is likely to be bespoke and require local control, requiring changes to governance and supportive policy. Key barriers identified were availability of affordable technological innovations, energy injustice, power to achieve self-determination, community governance, property rights and sustainability literacy. A process model, incorporating the SCD scorecard approach, was proposed for furthering sustainable community development and research. In taking an interdisciplinary and mixed methods approach, this study has pioneered a novel approach to the holistic enquiry of the options for creating sustainable rural communities.

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Lee, Chi-on. "Sustainable development and integrated transport planning : "Is Hong Kong moving towards a more sustainable transport system for new development areas?" /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B2104238X.

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Hopkins, Grant Camden. "Would an asset-based community development approach counteract a community deficit mindset in Leliefontein?" Thesis, Nelson Mandela Metropolitan University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10948/d1009316.

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This research report aims to explore the potential of an Asset-Based Community Development (ABCD) approach in Leliefontein. Through the ABCD process, an inventory of the individual capacities of a sample group will be undertaken, as well as an inventory of the significant local associations, organisations and institutions, as well as their capacities. The objective will be to use the asset-mapping process to challenge negative community self-perceptions, enabling them to build new, positive images that empower and release latent potential. The information gathered will also be made available to the individuals, organisations, associations and institutions within the community, along with some ideas on how mutually beneficial partnerships can be developed. The key objective will be to assist the community of Leliefontein, to no longer regard themselves from a deficit mindset, but positively, as a community with tremendous resources, assets and relationships that can be harnessed for 4 community economic development. Asset-mapping can then be used by local organisations to build new relationships within the community, as well as relationships that harness resources outside of the immediate community.

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Payakpate, Janjira. "Knowledge management platform for promoting sustainable energy technologies in rural Thai communities". Payakpate, Janjira (2008) Knowledge management platform for promoting sustainable energy technologies in rural Thai communities. PhD thesis, Murdoch University, 2008. http://researchrepository.murdoch.edu.au/426/.

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Sustainable energy services aim to meet the energy demands and to improve the living standards of rural communities with the utilization of sustainable energy technologies. Such services are becoming increasingly important due to the reduction of traditional energy resources and the ongoing increase in the demands. The demands are mainly due to the growth of population, domestic consumptions and industrial uses. In addition, increasing awareness of issues such as global warming, carbon emission, peak oil and the need for a sustainable environment has kindled keen interests in sustainable energy around the world. Many projects on sustainable energy services have been launched and particularly in developing countries. In most areas, at least one type of sustainable energy resources is available. In the case of Thailand, in additional to resources such as solar and wind, there are other sustainable energy resources in the forms of biomass and waste residue from agricultural products. However, there exist practical problems hindering the success of many sustainable energy projects. Two key reasons are the lack of in depth knowledge regarding the sustainable energy systems among the local users, and the limited budgets for planning, research and development. Therefore, the need to promote better understanding of sustainable energy technologies is necessary in order to gain better utilization of the energy services and acceptance by the community. One possible solution is the use of a Knowledge Management System (KMS). Based on advanced Information and Communication Technology (ICT), the integration of knowledge management and web technologies has enabled KMS to be developed as an effective tool for the sharing, management and dissemination of valuable knowledge on any particular subject. This combination has the potential to promote the knowledge and initiate relevant activities thereby enabling the acquisition and management of diverse types of information and data. Typical functions and services which could be provided are: checking updated information on sustainable energy resources around a particular area; teaching of sustainable energy systems development and maintenance processes; sharing of best practices and lessons learned etc. With the availability of the internet, a Web-based KMS will be a valuable channel for the gathering, sharing, extracting and dissemination of knowledge about the sustainable energy services for the Thai communities. This thesis presents the research and development of a knowledge management (KM) platform for sustainable energy technologies. The system is implemented with web GIS server-side application and it is installed at the School of Renewable Energy Technology, Naresuan University, Phitsanulok, Thailand. To assess the effectiveness of the developed system, surveys in the form of pre-questionnaires and post-questionnaires from the users are used. Such information is used to determine the effectiveness of the system and to measure the improvement of the participants' knowledge on the subject. There are three groups of participants involved in this study: local government administrators, researchers and general users. The overall results of the questionnaires reveal that the participants are satisfied with the performance of the KM platform. The results also indicated that the KM platform provides adequate knowledge on the subject and it has a high level of user friendliness. It was found that the participants' knowledge is also increased and the increase is in proportion to the time they engaged with the KM platform. A linear regression analysis of the researchers and local government administrators has shown that the increment of the participants' knowledge has a linear relationship with the learning period on the KM platform with statistical significance. Findings from this study can be used as a guideline and for further development on improving the local Thai communities' knowledge on sustainable energy technologies.

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Tilt, Bryan D. "Risk, pollution and sustainability in rural Sichuan, China /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6573.

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Abonkrah, Charles Kwasi. "Environmental and Natural Resources Management and Sustainable Rural Development in the Atebubu District, Ghana". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2004. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1102711987.

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Dyglienė, Raimonda. "Darnumo aspektai turizmo plėtroje". Master's thesis, Lithuanian Academic Libraries Network (LABT), 2014. http://vddb.library.lt/obj/LT-eLABa-0001:E.02~2007~D_20140620_201238-74831.

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SANTRAUKA RAKTINIAI ŽODŽIAI: [darnumas, darni plėtra, darnus turizmas, ekoturizmas, kaimo turizmas] Skatinant darnumo idėjas Lietuvos visuomenėje labai svarbu vystyti tokias ekologiškojo turizmo šakas, kaip ekoturizmą ir kaimo turizmą, kurios Lietuvoje dar mažai šiuo metu plėtojamos, tačiau turi didelį potencialą. Tyrimo objektas – darnumas kaimo turizme ir ekoturizme. Tyrimo tikslas – išanalizuoti turizmo plėtros galimybes darnaus vystymo kontekste. Magistro darbą sudaro trys pagrindinės dalys. Pirmoje dalyje atskleidžiama darnaus vystymosi teorijos esmė, samprata ir pagrindiniai aspektai, įvertinamas darnaus turizmo daromas poveikis aplinkai, ekonomikai, kultūrai, bei išskiriami kaimo turizmo ir ekoturizmo pagrindiniai bruožai. Antroje dalyje pateikiama kaimo turizmo ir ekoturizmo raida pasauliniu bei Lietuvos mastu. Siekiama paneigti ar patvirtinti vieną iš iškeltų hipotezių. Trečiojoje dalyje pateikiami ir įvertinami tyrimų rezultatai bei pateikiamos išvados. Siekiama paneigti ar patvirtinti vieną iš iškeltų hipotezių. Hipotezę:„Kaimo turizmas Lietuvoje sparčiai auga, o tuo metu kitoje darnaus turizmo šakoje, ekoturizme jaučiamas nuosmukis“, reiktų laikyti dalinai teisinga. Augant kaimo turizmo šakai Lietuvoje, ekoturizmo šakos populiarumas auga taip pat. Hipotezę: „Lietuvoje kaimo turizmo sodybų savininkai vis labiau prisitako prie turistų poreikių, tuo pačiu perimdami turistų srautus iš ekoturizmo“. Ekoturizmas nusileidžia kaimo turizmui pagal turizmo paslaugos... [toliau žr. visą tekstą]
DYGLIENĖ, Raimonda. (2007) Sustainable Aspect in the Development of Tourism. MBA Graduation Paper. Kaunas: Kaunas Faculty of Humanities, Vilnius University. 95 p. SUMMARY KEYWORDS: [sustainable, sustainable development, sustainable tourism, ecotourism, rural tourism] When promoting ideas of sustainability in Lithuanian society it is very important to develop branches of the ecological tourism such as ecotourism and rural tourism that currently are less developed in Lithuania however posses a great potential. The object of research is sustainable in rural tourism and ecotourism. Purpose of the research was to analyze possibilities for tourism development in the context of sustainable development. This scholarly paper for master’s degree consists of three major parts. The first part reveals the essence, concept and the main aspects of sustainable development theory, assesses impacts of sustainable development on the environment, economy, culture, and distinguishes the key features of rural tourism and ecotourism. The second part presents evolution of rural tourism and ecotourism on the global and Lithuanian scale with the aim to deny or confirm one of the stated hypotheses. In the third part findings of the research are presented and assessed and conclusions are made with the aim to deny or confirm one of the stated hypotheses. Hypothesis that “Rural tourism is rapidly growing in Lithuania while in the other branch of sustainable tourism decline is experienced” should be... [to full text]

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Murselovic, Denis. "‘Forgotten communication’ - The case study of sustainable rural development through rural tourism – project of mini camping sites in western Serbia -". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21201.

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This Project Work looks into the communicational dimension of onedevelopment strategy for rural development through tourism in rural areas ofwestern Serbia. In 2011 the regional Development agency of Uzice -‘Zlatibor’, together with the Camping Association of Serbia started a projectof mini camping sites in the rural areas of western Serbia. The aim was tomeet an unemployment issue by capacitating and empowering locals to takean active part in rural camping tourism. The purpose of this study is todetermine both strengths and weaknesses in the development project from acommunicational point of view. The methods used to gather data in thisresearch are qualitative semi structured interviews and participantobservation. The study examines the presence and/or absence of C4D in thestrategy’s planning and implementation, and considers ways in which astronger and clearer focus on C4D could lead to enhancement of the processof community-based development in the rural area and building of touristcapacities within the local community. The findings of the study indicate thatan unclear responsibility sharing between stakeholders and neglecting of thecommunicational aspect in the planning and implementation of the projectcould lead to an insufficient communication among participants. This lackingcommunication has shown to suppress the full potential of the developmentproject.

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Grimstedt, Ånestrand Hanna. "“Now we are becoming partners” Implementing Ecological Sanitation in rural Tanzania- With an action research approach". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för geovetenskaper, 2015. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-260680.

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Poor sanitation is a huge problem in third world countries today; every year 1,5 million children die due to diarrheal diseases caused by poor sanitation. International policies such as The Millennium Development Goals (MDGs), which will be replaced by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) in September 2015, have been set by the international community as tools to decrease the poverty in the world today, and problems that emerged from it such as poor sanitation. Participatory methods are emphasise to receive the goals as well as new working methods to shift the development paradigm from marked oriented towards sustainable development, which means that also the Earth’s well-being must be included in the SDGs. Ecological sanitation (Eco-san) is a system that reuses the human waste back to grooving activities, and can improve the situation in all three areas of sustainable development, i.e. economical, environmental and social development with it’s reusing approach. Participation in implementation of Eco-san system is important for enabling sustainable projects as well as receive better acceptance for the reuse approach. The research presented in this thesis had the aim to improve the sanitation situation by introducing and implementing Eco-san in a rural area in the Northern part of Tanzania by using an action oriented research approach. The participants together with the researcher developed the project to further see the interpretations of Eco-san and possibilities to implement Eco-san in the area as well as if the action research was a convenient way to introduce such a project. The study was conducted in two cycles were critical theory and diffusion of innovation were used as analysis tools for the introduction and implementation of the toilets. The findings from the first cycle showed that the participants were willing to learn about Eco-san by observing the idea through a demonstration toilet. Therefore the second cycle lead to implementation of Eco-san in a school of the area. These toilets are today in use and managed by the students at the school. Participating approach has therefore been a successful working method were the participants gained the knowledge they needed to develop and improve their situation. This can further be argued as a valuable approach for other development projects and to meet the upcoming SDGs. However, further action and education to other village members outside the school and up scaling possibilities in the community are needed.

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Musila, Beatrice Wekesa. "Sustainable agriculture in rural development using local technologies, the case of Kenya". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp01/MQ56716.pdf.

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Cameron, Lewis J. "Energy 'access' for sustainable development : enabling modern energy practices in rural communities". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2017. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/18337/.

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Modern energy services are a foundation for sustainable development. As recently acknowledged by the multilaterally supported UNDP’s ‘energy access for all’ objective, it is a missing cog for the socio-economic, empowerment, livelihood enhancement and sustainability of more than 2 billion people in developing and less developed countries. Efforts to provide modern energy services, however, face pervasive challenges reflective of wider development efforts, establishing the imperative for greater understanding of their underlying dimensions as a basis for enhancing sustainable development pathways. The thesis pursues this through ethnographic studies of innovative and contrasting energy access pathways in remote areas of Nepal. These were supported by preliminary site visits, semi-structured interviews, participant observation and observant participation with a range of key development actors, led by a reflexive, multi-sited research approach. The research reveals that the challenges and opportunities of effective energy access and sustainable development are embedded in under-recognised social routines and contexts that subsume essential dimensions of daily life. These are dynamic, multi-actor and interconnected through routinised codes, performances and institutions for which social emotions, meanings and relations are integral. Interventions, technologies and impacts interdepend on these mundane interactions and structures, signifying the vital role of social agency and conventions in everyday life. ‘Access’ is a constant (re)negotiation of these within a socio-technical context. The findings demonstrate the value of integrating these dimensions into development approaches through being attentive to, and co-produced by, the plurality of actors, settings and routines. A practice theory informed approach supported the analysis to signify further distinctive policy, research and pathway implications. The thesis thus demonstrates the potential of a social practice approach for enabling a more sensitive and effective framework for enabling energy access for sustainable development.

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Chanda, Ranabir. "The role of sustainable safe water projects in the rural development process". Thesis, London South Bank University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.631729.

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The Joint Monitoring Project (JMP), an arm of the United Nations International Children's Emergency Fund (UNICEF) and the World Health Organisation (WHO), in its Report in 2012 : Progress on Drinking Water & Sanitation, (WHO 2012) conceded that, in 2012, 783 million(mn) people remain without access to safe water. Most of them live in the rural areas of developing countries, are poor and some are physically vulnerable. The purpose of this work is an attempt to answer the question "What is the Role of Safe Water in the Rural Development Process?" through considering the questions "Why do rural water projects fail" and "What makes for sustainable rural water projects". Examining the importance of safe water to the development process, considering the reasons for the continuous failure of autonomous, self - governing "Operation and Maintenance" regimes, ascertaining why, despite the existence of substantial academic papers on the importance of "Sustainability", "Community Participation", "Empowerment", translating them into practice remain problematical, the paper will try and provide answers as to what could be done to overcome such failure. Political aspects, economic consequences and engineering designs, impact on the supply, delivery and pricing of safe water. Whilst there is a plethora of work covering each of the above areas, overarching narratives, integrating all aspects, are notable through their paucity. A secondary aim of the work is to rectify this deficit. The main method used is Case Studies covering work in three countries, across two continents, where rural water projects have not been given the degree of attention that they required. Interviews were conducted, with users, to determine operational success and in one particular instance installation and operation of a water project was carried out. The evidence suggests that a holistic approach to water projects i.e. its integration with other development plans with active community involvement and participation, and long term political and financial commitments at all levels, has the possibility of providing sustainable solutions for rural water provision and delivery, thereby making a significant contribution to the development process and to poverty alleviation. Format and Contents The thesis is in three parts. First the background, the political and operational context, analysis of social development as well as the conceptual framework and the methodology used, are considered. The second consisting of Case Studies, examines the organisation and engineering solutions, determining the lessons to be drawn. Finally, Conclusion draws together the disparate elements of community participation, engineering aspects, operation and maintenance of projects and allied matters in order to deduce what enables sustainability and infer the developmental consequences flowing from them. Whilst every effort has been made to refer to contemporary work, regrettably the water sector moves very slowly - international conferences where global decisions are taken, take place every 5 - 10 years and evaluation projects are over 10 - 15 year periods e.g. JMP on Water Supply and Sanitation (WS&S) reports in 2015, World Water Forum (WWF), last meeting in Marseilles 2012 considers follow - up to 2030, hence a fair number of references are almost 20 years old.

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Mbulayi, Shingirai P. "Energy and sustainable development: the case of Dewedzo rural community in Zimbabwe". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/866.

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Energy poverty is a concept that has gained significance quite recently. Its significance has been prompted by the realization that without sustainable modern energy alternatives for the rural poor, prospects for rural transformation remains low. The recognition of modern energy as one of the missing link in rural transformation comes amid the growing concern about the negative effects of relying on traditional energy services and the increasing forecasts that most developing countries are likely to miss their MDG targets by 2015. Drawing on the Modernization and the Sustainable Development Approach, this study concluded that improving the quantity and quality of energy services consumed by the rural poor can counteract rural underdevelopment and enhance rural social and economic transformation in Dewedzo. The study confirmed that energy poor households are prone to various social, economic and environmental detriments such as poor health, hunger, malnutrition, poor education and missed socio economic opportunities. By addressing rural people‟s energy needs, more nexus can be injected into rural productivity and the economic social outputs of this process can in turn increase the pace at which MDGs can be achieved.

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Dauda, Masoud. "Renewable energy in rural areas : the best path to sustainable development? a case study in rural Tanzania". Thesis, University of Kent, 2012. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.633524.

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Renewable energy innovations based on wind power, solar energy, geothermal energy, and biomass energy are currently seen as offering a potential alternative to rural energy supply problems in rural Tanzania. However, such initiatives meet with some setbacks since renewable energy projects in Tanzania still face several challenges. Technical, social and economic barriers have constrained a speedy transfer and adoption of renewable energy innovations in most parts of rural Tanzania. This thesis therefore explores the roles that could be played by community-based organisations in facilitating the transfer and adoption of renewable energy innovations in rural areas. Community-based organisations (such as cooperative societies) can play a key role in innovation because they have the capacity to pool, aggregate, and disseminate knowledge and information to all actors in an innovation system. Cooperative societies are often positioned in both service networks and supply chains that allow them to coordinate activities and create an enabling environment for innovation. Thus, acting as innovation brokers, these organisations can utilise the available resources and existing social networks to facilitate the adoption of renewable energy technologies in rural Tanzania. This study was conducted in Magu district and employed an innovation systems approach in interpreting the main findings. The innovation systems approach stresses the importance of interactions among actors involved in technology development. It describes innovation as resulting from complex interaction between actors and institutions. The approach has provided insights into understanding the factors that facilitate or impede the transfer and adoption of renewable energy innovations in the study area. Despite the government initiatives to promote renewable energy innovations in Mwanza region, the study findings suggest that only a small percentage of households in the study area have adopted solar PV systems and improved cooking stoves. The thesis contributes to the innovation systems literature in two important ways: firstly, it explores the role that could be played by innovation brokers (intermediaries) in the transfer and adoption of renewable energy innovations. Secondly, it also applies systems thinking in identifying barriers in the h'ansfer and adoption of renewable energy innovations, especially on 'a technology-specific innovation system'. Most importantly, systems thinking approach helps us to understand the connection between energy demands, poverty and sustainable development in rural Tanzania.

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Kitchen, Lawrence Charles. "Power, identity and sustainable development : environmental management in the Blackdown Hills". Thesis, University of Bath, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.285294.

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Mbetu, Ramson M. "Rural development in practice : the process approach, capacity building and empowerment, experience from Zimbabwe". Thesis, Coventry University, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.363109.

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Yuen, Miu-chun Christine. "The challenge of conservation, development and sustainable development in Hong Kong /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21042007.

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Stilwell, Ted, i Doreen Atkinson. "The economic rationale and modalities for rural infrastructure development: developmental local government in rural service delivery". Development Bank of Southern Africa, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/73841.

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The Policy Unit of the Development Bank of Southern Africa (DBSA) has developed a number of strategic themes embracing many cross-cutting issues. The main thrust of the Unit’s work, however, focuses on the core mandate of the Bank - infrastructure. In order to provide for a coherent whole, rural infrastructure must fit into a broader policy framework. Globally, the goals set for the first two decades of the next millennium are to address poverty and achieve food security. The DBSA can contribute to South Africa’s position on these global themes by addressing the issue of rural infrastructure delivery, taking cognisance of the South African government’s Growth, Employment and Redistribution (GEAR) programme. This discussion document will specifically address the local economic development activities of farm production and rural livelihoods in order to achieve food security, address poverty and foster economic growth in the marginalised, infrastructure-deprived rural areas of the country. It is assumed that additional entrepreneurial economic opportunities will arise at village and town level as producers become nett surplus producers, eg in small grain milling, cottage industry, village markets, processing (value adding), etc. In contrast to urban development, where economic activity is assumed by investing in infrastructure, the DBSA will actively have to support the transformation of economic activity in the rural scenario. One of the past successes of the DBSA has been the introduction of the Farmer Support Programme (FSP). The FSP’s provision of services and support, based on the needs of existing smallholders, is embedded in participatory planning and action. Without local initiatives, rural infrastructure cannot be delivered effectively to bolster economic growth, create jobs and redistribute income. Most of the country’s poor live in rural areas, and without rural development there can be no GEAR. Life in these areas needs to be made liveable by encouraging entrepreneurial development, which includes facilitating agriculture, creating jobs and increasing rural income through appropriate government actions for improving the welfare of rural households. One of the ways in which national, provincial and local government could have a broad-based impact is by providing rural economic infrastructure and, to this end, local government, including regional and district councils, has been mandated to develop integrated development plans. These plans have to include economic development plans, and entrepreneurial development has been singled out as important in this regard. From this it follows that district councils and municipalities have a prime responsibility for developing entrepreneurs, including farmers in their rural constituency.

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Li, Yongxiang. "State power and sustainable development in Southwest China : a case state from Ailao Han, Yunnan /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/6509.

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Mukozho, Delight. "Prospects and challenges of the rural non-farm economy in Zimbabwe: a case of Seke rural district". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/568.

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The Rural Non-Farm Economy (RNFE) is a concept that has gained significance quite recently. Its significance has been prompted by the realisation that agriculture alone cannot sustain the poor subsistence farmers in Zimbabwe. This realisation comes amid the growing concern over increased hunger and poverty in the country‟s rural areas due to a decline in agricultural production. Drawing on the Sustainable Livelihoods Approach (SLA) this study postulates that RNFE is a livelihood strategy that can address rural poverty and social transformation in Zimbabwe. Such an approach to rural development can take up the slack and provide the much needed income for the rural communities to survive. However, RNFE has not yet been used as a social mechanism for poverty alleviation in Zimbabwe. Therefore, this study was undertaken with the objective of investigating the prospects and challenges of the RNFE in Seke District. Although the study is focusing on Zimbabwe, the study may also address the problem of rural development in other countries in Sub-Saharan Africa. The study revealed that only a few household heads in Sekewere engaged in both traditional and non-traditional activities. However, the study noted that the household heads encountered many challenges which include; poor market, low income obtained, shortage of inputs, no access to credit and no support from government or other development agencies.Overall, it was recognised that the household heads engaged in RNFE were not realizing the full benefits of RNFE. Therefore, in order to promote the growth of RNFE and make it more productive, the study posits the following key points to be take into consideration by the various stakeholders in rural development; agricultural development, infrastructural development, rural town development, improving access to financial services, facilitating rural-urban linkages and the implementation of development projects aimed at promoting self-employment in the non-farm sector.

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Thuot, Lea, Giuliana Netto i Amanda Hachey. "Supporting Sustainable Rural Tourism in British Columbia through Strategic Incentives". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Sektionen för ingenjörsvetenskap, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-2594.

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This research investigates the potential incentives have on driving behaviour change towards the adoption of sustainable business practices by rural tourism operators in British Columbia (BC), Canada. Even though operators in rural BC have recognized the importance of making their business practices sustainable so that future generations are able to enjoy living and visiting these communities, they claim there is a lack of incentives from the industry. To support the BC rural tourism industry in attaining its aspiration to enhance the social/cultural, environmental and economic well being of the province, a model and corresponding recommendations on how to better support operators through strategic incentives was developed. Using the lens of strategic sustainable development, understanding the mechanisms of behaviour change and the role of operators as early adopters of sustainable practices, this research takes a whole systems perspective to identify in what ways sustainability can be encouraged by the tourism industry through the use of incentives in the context of rural BC.

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Hemphill, Lesley. "An evaluation of the inter-relationships between urban regeneration and sustainable development". Thesis, University of Ulster, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.342458.

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Yuen, Miu-chun Christine, i 袁妙珍. "The challenge of conservation, development and sustainable developmentin Hong Kong". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31260172.

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Peredo, Ana Maria. "Communal enterprises, sustainable development and the alleviation of poverty in rural Andean communities". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp05/NQ64833.pdf.

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McGrath, Siân. "Public participation in policy networks : land reform and sustainable rural development in Scotland". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24944.

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This thesis focuses on local community involvement in policy-making and implementation; in the context of land reform and sustainable rural development in Scotland. In 1998, the new Scottish Parliament introduced a varied package of proposals for reforming the legal framework governing how land is owned and managed in Scotland. The objectives for this land reform package were to improve local communities’ access to decision-making: and break down the land-based barriers to rural development. This research uses the land reform package as an active example of public access to policy decision-making. It begins with a brief historic account of the public pressure for land reform in the 19^th and 20^th centuries. This demonstrates that negative impacts on local communities’ development opportunities have historically motivated grassroots action for land reform in Scotland. This research takes a policy network approach to understanding how decisions about land use and ownership are made in post-devolution Scotland. I interviewed members of the national network of groups and individuals that tried to influence the outcome of the land reform policy process. This study demonstrated that the traditionally dominant landed lobby has lost ground, but that it would still take time before direct community interest representatives are fully equipped to take advantage of Scotland’s more accessible Parliamentary decision-making system. The next stage of the research involved four case studies of local communities’ participation and development opportunities in four estates; each owned by an example of the four major categories of land owner in Scotland: private, community, conservation NGO and the state. These studies focused on how policy implementation networks provide communities with access to decision-making and development at the local level.

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Vannucchi, Claudia. "Indonesian Rural Electrification : What is the most sustainable solution?" Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-291252.

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The Sustainable Development Goal n°7 is calling for a prompt response to guarantee affordable and clean energy for all. While the electrification rate is rapidly increasing around the world, much work still remains to achieve electricity access in remote areas or Non-Interconnected Zones, such as the numerous small islands that compose Indonesia. This thesis work sought to understand which standalone microgrid design would represent the most sustainable solution for a rural electrification challenge, where the final scope is to provide 24 h/d stable and reliable electricity connection to the local communities of Sulawesi, Indonesia. To achieve such a result, two diametrically opposed microgrid layouts are outlined in terms of renewables share: a Business As-Usual Scenario, in which the microgrid is powered by a standard diesel set, and an integrated renewable-based scenario, in which the microgrid envisions the implementation of biopower, PV system and Li-ion batteries as a storage option. A thorough comparison on a series of Key Parameter Indicators (KPIs), such as Carbon Footprint, Levelized Cost Of Electricity and job creation, led to the identification of the renewable-based scenario as the most sustainable option. This system layout resulted in a biomass powered electricity production covering 80% of the total electricity demand, with the remaining 20% supplied by solar power and storage means and a LCOE of 0.18 USD/kWh. At the price of a higher upfront cost than the one of BAU case, the renewable-based alternative entitles a higher profitability when compared to the business-asusual one, together with reduced carbon dioxide emissions and a higher number of jobs directly created.
Hållbarhetsmål nr 7 kräver ett snabbt svar för att garantera överkomlig och ren energi för alla. Medan elektrifieringsgraden snabbt ökar runt om i världen, återstår mycket arbete för att nå elåtkomst i avlägsna områden eller icke-sammankopplade zoner, såsom de många små öarna som utgör Indonesien. Detta avhandlingsarbete försökte förstå vilken fristående mikronätdesign som skulle representera den mest hållbara lösningen för en elektrifieringsutmaning på landsbygden, där det slutliga utrymmet är att tillhandahålla 24 timmars stabil och pålitlig elanslutning till lokalsamhället Sulawesi, Indonesien. För att uppnå ett sådant resultat beskrivs två diametralt motsatta mikronätlayouter när det gäller andelen förnybara energikällor: ett Business As-Usual-scenario, där mikronätet drivs av en standarddiesel och ett integrerat förnyelsebaserat scenario, där microgrid ser implementeringen av biokraft, solcellssystem och litiumjonbatterier som ett lagringsalternativ. En noggrann jämförelse av en serie nyckelparametrar (KPI), såsom koldioxidavtryck, nivåiserad elkostnad och skapande av jobb, ledde till att det förnyelsebaserade scenariot identifierades som det mest hållbara alternativet. Systemlayouten resulterade i en biomassadriven elproduktion som täckte 80% av det totala elbehovet, med de återstående 20%som levereras av solenergi och lagringsmedel och en LCOE på 0,18 USD / kWh. Till priset av en högre kostnad i förskott än i BAU-fallet ger det förnyelsebaserade alternativet högre lönsamhet jämfört med det som vanligt, tillsammans med minskade koldioxidutsläpp och ett högre antal direkt skapade jobb.

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Lee, Chi-on, i 李子安. "Sustainable development and integrated transport planning: "Is Hong Kong moving towards a more sustainable transportsystem for new development areas?"". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 1999. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31259959.

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Lee, Chang-Woo. "City farming and sustainable urban development : a case study of Seoul, South Korea". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/377.

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The aims of the thesis are to find out the causal mechanism of city farming and to examine the hypothesis that city farming conforms to the conditions of sustainable urban development. As far as methodology is concerned, the thesis employs a realist approach. In the realist methodology, to understand what is as significant as to know why. Therefore, the thesis pays much attention to the conceptualisation of city farming and sustainable urban development. Vacant land in Seoul, the precondition of city farming, occurred basically through the natural process of urban expansion, but most importantly due to the growth-oriented land development policies. City farming is at the moment an opportunistic and illegal use of vacant land under the negligence of planning control. Led by a leading agent, the city farmers on each case site have colonised vacant land through the reality and practice learning. However, city farmers' egoistic action has an unintended consequence of making vacant land an unofficial open space. The thesis also identifies that city farming on the case sites conforms to the elements of sustainable urban development. The elements developed in the thesis are future, nature, participation, equity, and selfreliance. The thesis suggests three criteria for each element with which the hypothesis is examined. The thesis concludes that the modern planning system in South Korea has failed to take into consideration the socio-economic and environmental aspects of city farming. It, therefore, suggests that future planning system promote activities or projects which comply with the principles of sustainable urban development. Although the modern planning system in Seoul has failed to cope with the rapid land use change shown in the case studies, the thesis proposes that the planner's role has become more important than ever before in this age of environmental concerns.

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Tong, Wai-chiu. "The role of the countryside in the rapid urban development of Hong Kong /". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 1999. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B21063771.

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Salih, Nizam. "Renewable for Rural Electrification in Sri Lanka". Thesis, KTH, Energi och klimatstudier, ECS, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-117714.

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At the beginning of the 1970s, the industrial countries accounted for about 80%of world oil consumption. Today, they are down tolittle more than 50%. Already, China uses more totalprimary energy than United States. Developing countries are in the process ofconsuming a substantial amount of energydue to alarming growth, industrialization, urbanization etc. With a tight and volatile oil market, combined with sharply risingconsumption in emerging countries there is renownedconcerns about energy security. Various models are beingimplemented in these countries with the help ofdonors and local governments toenhance the use of renewable energy fora sustainable development. Use of renewable energy for rural electrificationhas not progressed as anticipated regardless of provisions of subsidies &other measurers by governments. InSri Lanka, the primary energy contributions in 2009 to nationalenergy supply were 51% from biomass, 44.8% from crude oil and petroleumproducts, and 3.6% from hydroelectricity and other renewable sources. The useof non-conventional energy resources, NCRE, (small-scale hydropower, biomass,biogas and waste, solar power and wind power) in Sri Lanka is of a relativelysmaller scale (<1%) and therefore its contribution is presently of lowsignificance in the macro energy picture. Regardless, the energy policydocument of the government of Sri Lanka has set a target to reach a minimumlevel of 10% of electrical energy supplied to the grid to be from non-conventionalrenewable energy in 2015. Inthis context, this study attempts to analyse the strengths and weaknesses ofthe existing financial and institutional models for renewable energydissemination for rural electrification in Sri Lanka and to recommend possiblemeasures needed for better financial and institutional models. In addition to aliterature survey, a questionnaire survey was carried out with power producers,financial institutions and government and non-government organizations in therenewable energy business to obtain their perception for better analysis.

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Hales, Richard James. "The incorporation of sustainable development within land use development planning : examining constraint and facilitation in the English planning system". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2003. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/3439/.

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This thesis explores the extent to which the arrangements of the English land use planning system have influenced attempts to incorporate the concerns of sustainable development. This is achieved through an examination of both the procedural and communicative aspects of development plan preparation. The research inquiry is defined by an assumption that the existing statutory requirements and institutional form of development planning may both constrain and facilitate the requisite incorporation. Sustainable development is a very broad notion with both consensual and conflictual aspects, characteristics which render an examination of its assimilation into any sector of governance problematic. The tendency within the planning literature has been to concentrate upon specific criteria relating to sustainable resource management or implementational capacity. This thesis argues that such an approach is inappropriate at this early stage in the notion's assimilation. The essential issue in terms of management and implementation is the extent to which environmental resources are re-evaluated under the auspices of sustainable development - without such a foundational underpinning research in the field is open to become an arbitrary activity. With a line of inquiry founded upon `sustainable re-evaluation' the research reveals, through survey and case study work, that present arrangements within formal development planning are predominantly constrictive. The planning system has undoubtedly come to include reference to sustainable development within its decision making but in a detached, partial and criteria driven manner. The thesis concludes that the crucial need to sustainably re-evaluate our environment, as the integral root of policy and proposal formulation, is being deflected or partitioned off from playing a foundational mediatory role. More tellingly, communicative and procedural activity is smothering the motivation of actors and stakeholders to take on the necessary re-evaluation. In theory opportunities do exist but current practices, agendas and vested interests deny them their potential.

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Pikirai, Kelvin Tinashe. "Eco-tourism and sustainable rural livelihoods in Hogsback, Eastern Cape, South Africa". Thesis, University of Fort Hare, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10353/5510.

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This study investigates the livelihoods impacts of eco-tourism in Hogsback, the extent to which local community members are effectively participating in eco-tourism activities as well as the negative implications of ecotourism in Hogsback. A qualitative research methodology was employed in order to have a deeper understanding of the issues under study. Simple random sampling and purposive sampling techniques were used to select respondents. In-depth semi structured interviews were used to collect data from 40 respondents and 6 key informants. The study established that eco-tourism activities help mainly individuals rather than the whole community at large and those who benefit; it improves their lives as well as benefiting the economy of the country. This study also found out that the government plays a role to promote development of ecotourism in the community, this is through infrastructure development and providing services for tourism. Lastly the study found out that there are conflicts over ownership of eco-tourism activities, limited funds in promotion of eco-tourism activities and that there is no eco-tourism development strategy. The study recommends that the government of South Africa should design and implement a comprehensive eco-tourism development strategy that puts people at the core.

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