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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment"
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Wei, Yigang, Cui Huang, Patrick T. I. Lam i Zhiyang Yuan. "Sustainable urban development: A review on urban carrying capacity assessment". Habitat International 46 (kwiecień 2015): 64–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.habitatint.2014.10.015.
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Han, Yan, i Shaofeng Jia. "An Assessment of the Water Resources Carrying Capacity in Xinjiang". Water 14, nr 9 (9.05.2022): 1510. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w14091510.
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The water resource shortage is a crucial factor in restraining the development of society and the economy in Xinjiang, where there is drought and little rain. The assessment of the water resources carrying capacity (WRCC) is a prerequisite for socioeconomic sustainable development in Xinjiang. In this paper, a convenient and effective model is established for assessing the WRCC under the influence of social welfare and water use efficiency. Meanwhile, a pedigree chart for WRCC is put forward. Then the developed approach is applied to investigate the sustainable utilization of water resources in Xinjiang. The results indicate that the WRCC of Xinjiang is not overloaded in 2018. The status of the WRCC is worse in northern Xinjiang than in southern Xinjiang, especially in Karamay, Shihezi, and Urumchi. The areas with potential water resource exploitation in Xinjiang are mainly located in the Yili Kazak Autonomous Prefecture and Altay Prefecture. The efficiency of agricultural water use is of vital importance to the WRCC in Xinjiang. The WRCC of Xinjiang can be improved by saving agricultural water, water recycling, and optimizing industrial structures. The maximum population carried by the water resources in Xinjiang is predicted to be 33.63 million and 35.80 million in 2035 and 2050, respectively. The assessment of the WRCC provides a valuable reference for the sustainable utilization of water resources in Xinjiang.
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Chen, Shuying, Yanhu He, Qian Tan, Kejia Hu, Tianyuan Zhang i Shan Zhang. "Comprehensive assessment of water environmental carrying capacity for sustainable watershed development". Journal of Environmental Management 303 (luty 2022): 114065. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114065.
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Chen, Ying Qin. "Application of Set Pair Analysis in Water Resources Carrying Capacity Assessment". Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (grudzień 2014): 2999–3003. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2999.
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Water carrying capacity assessment is to reveal the relationship between water resources, population, and economy, fully use water resources, and make economic development go hand in hand with protection of water resources, which simultaneously promote sustainable social and economic development. Based on the analysis of water resources carrying capacity defined, according to the measure of the demand for sustainable use of water resources, using a combination of quantitative and qualitative methods to construct water resources carrying ability evaluation index system with three aspects of socio-economic systems, environmental systems and water systems, gives the five evaluation criteria, proposed set pair analysis to evaluate it, analyze the advantages of set pair analysis, and finally select Gaochun as case study areas, provide a new method for the carrying capacity of water resources.
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Yang, Jinbi, i Hao Ding. "A Quantitative Assessment of Sustainable Development Based on Relative Resource Carrying Capacity in Jiangsu Province of China". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 15, nr 12 (9.12.2018): 2786. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph15122786.
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Unbalanced development is an urgent issue that needs to be resolved in the sustainable development strategy of Jiangsu Province, which inhibits Jiangsu’s industrial transformation and upgrading. A relative resource carrying capacity model is extended based on resource carrying capacity to analyze the resource carrying capacity of the different regions of Jiangsu Province. Three indicators of water resources, land resources, and energy resources are included in the natural resources. In social resources, factors of population quality are included in the analysis scope. Based on the improved model, this paper analyzes the relative resource carrying capacity of Jiangsu Province. The results show that: (1) under both traditional resource carrying capacity model and the improved model, Jiangsu Province has a surplus population; however, there is a certain difference between the result from two modules; (2) contributions of environmental resources, economic resources, and social resources to the comprehensive carrying capacity of resources is obviously higher than the contributions of natural resources; and (3) significant regional differences exist in relative resource carrying capacity within Jiangsu Province between the southern region and the middle region, in which the capacity is surplus to the population demand, and the northern region, in which the capacity is overloaded.
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Zhou, Wei, Ayman Elshkaki, Shuai Zhong i Lei Shen. "Study on Relative Carrying Capacity of Land Resources and Its Zoning in 31 Provinces of China". Sustainability 13, nr 3 (30.01.2021): 1459. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031459.
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Land carrying capacity is an important indicator to quantitatively assess and judge the extents of sustainable economic developing and coexistent harmonizing between human and nature. The significance of land carrying capacity has been highlighted recently by the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) of the United Nations, which set clear requirements for arable, construction, and ecological lands. Theories and models of land carrying capacity, however, are suffering from the interference of artificial parameter setting and poor applicability. This paper attempts to overcome these limitations and propose a single factor assessment of the carrying capacity of cultivated land, construction land, and ecological land in terms of the relative carrying capacity from the perspective of a single factor assessment. Through mutual comparison, we found that the deviation caused by simulated parameter setting has been eliminated, and the relative status of each province and/or region in China has been obtained, which could provide a reference for the management and utilization of land resources. We argue that China can achieve basic self-sufficiency in both space capacity and food production without placing pressure on the global sustainable development. The results also indicate that carrying capacity state of the advanced development areas such as the eastern coastal region is relatively poor, while the carrying capacity state of the western region is relatively good.
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Liu, Yu Mei, Yu Dan Dong i Jing Wu. "Study on Dynamics of Eco-Tourism System". Advanced Materials Research 919-921 (kwiecień 2014): 2170–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.919-921.2170.
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This paper studies the introduction of the system dynamics method evaluation process among eco-tourism carrying capacity, improve the eco-tourism carrying capacity assessment methods and systems, eco-tourism management departments to make an accurate assessment of eco-tourism system supports eco-tourism activities capacity thresholds and event risk, according to the carrying capacity of eco-tourism environment to determine the strength of eco-tourism activities, protect the environment and ensure sustainable development of eco-tourism.
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Chen, C. H., R. S. Wu, S. L. Liaw, W. R. Sue i I. J. Chiou. "A study of water-land environment carrying capacity for a river basin". Water Science and Technology 42, nr 3-4 (1.08.2000): 389–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2000.0408.
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The concept of driving force-state-response (DSR) framework was used to identify and develop the assessment model of water-land environment carrying capacity (WLECC) for a river basin. The river basin water-land management (RBWLM) decision support system was developed, based on the assessment model of WLECC, as a decision making tool. The Chung-Kang river basin, located in northern Taiwan, was used as a case study to generate a sustainable water-land management strategy. This strategy simultaneously derives the optimal solutions for land use management, water demand allocation, and water quality management. Furthermore, the sustainable WLECC can also be obtained. The WLECC can be used as the area-based indicator of sustainability to accurately measure the progress towards sustainable development for a river basin.
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Gao, Sheng, Huihui Sun, Guangxi Cao, Lin Zhao, Runjie Wang i Min Xu. "DYNAMIC STATE OF ECOSYSTEM CARRYING CAPACITY UNDER ISLAND URBANIZATION: A CASE STUDY OF PINGTAN ISLAND IN THE SOUTHEASTERN COAST OF CHINA". Journal of Environmental Engineering and Landscape Management 28, nr 1 (15.01.2020): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/jeelm.2020.9798.
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The assessment of ecological environment during the large-scale development of islands is a major topic in the study of current coastal islands. Choosing the appropriate assessment method to evaluate the suitability of carrying capacity of islands and making relevant suggestions are significant to the sustainable development of islands. Ecological footprint method is used to analyze the ecological carrying capacity of Pingtan Island (PI) from 2005 to 2016 for promoting the coordinated rational development and construction and ecological environment of the island. Although PI is in rapid urban development and construction, the island maintains secure and stable ecological conditions. PI is used as a research case to analyze the sustainable development of the ecological environment through the carrying capacity of the island ecosystem.
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Grofelnik, Hrvoje. "Assessment of acceptable tourism beach carrying capacity in both normal and COVID-19 pandemic conditions – case study of the Town of Mali Lošinj". Hrvatski geografski glasnik/Croatian Geographical Bulletin 82, nr 2 (23.12.2020): 131–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.21861/hgg.2020.82.02.05.
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The paper presents an assessment of the acceptable tourist bathing load with regard to the physical, real, and effective carrying capacity of coastal beaches. In the case study of the Town of Mali Lošinj (Croatia), the paper scrutinises the carrying capacity of beaches categorised according to their basic characteristics and presents an analysis of beach capacity in the real conditions of the 2018 tourist season and in three hypothetical scenarios, two of which involve the application of recommendations for COVID-19 epidemiological measures. The basic hypothesis of the paper is that the real carrying capacity of beaches in the researched area under normal conditions is close to the upper load limits and that the carrying capacity of beaches will no longer be sufficient (vis-à-vis demand) when epidemiological recommendations are applied. The aim of this paper is to provide measurable bases for sustainable physical plans and development policies in tourism.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment"
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Graymore, Michelle, i n/a. "Journey to Sustainability: Small Regions, Sustainable Carrying Capacity and Sustainability Assessment Methods". Griffith University. Australian School of Environmental Studies, 2005. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20060303.132137.
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Small region sustainability is an extremely important part of the journey to sustainability of the global population, as the most difference can be made at this spatial level through decision making and community choice. However, small regions have not been the focus of sustainability literature. Therefore, this thesis develops theory to explain what small region sustainability involves and tested the applicability of current sustainability assessment methods to find an effective tool for the journey to sustainability that can be used for social learning, decision making, policy development, research and monitoring of sustainability in small regions. It was found through the development of a model of sustainable carrying capacity and the major pressures of human activities on the environment, that sustainability for small regions means living equitably with the impacts of human activities in the region within the limits of its ecosystems. This thesis also found that none of the current sustainability methods tested were effective or useful as a tool for small regions. Therefore, a new sustainability assessment method was developed, the Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment (SCCA), which assesses the equitability and size of the major pressures that the human activities are causing and determines if this pressure exceeds the sustainable carrying capacity of the region, and thus, the sustainability of the population. Thus, for small regions to become sustainable, they must live equitably within the sustainable carrying capacity of the region's ecosystems, and a tool that can help them achieve this is the SCCA. By raising social awareness, guiding policy development and decision making this method can help guide small regions, and other spatial levels on their journey to sustainability. Therefore, it is recommended that Local Government Areas, Regional Organisation of Councils, schools, local community groups and anyone who wants to learn more about sustainability use this method. This thesis, therefore, makes a significant contribution to the field of sustainability.
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Graymore, Michelle. "Journey to Sustainability: Small Regions, Sustainable Carrying Capacity and Sustainability Assessment Methods". Thesis, Griffith University, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367280.
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Small region sustainability is an extremely important part of the journey to sustainability of the global population, as the most difference can be made at this spatial level through decision making and community choice. However, small regions have not been the focus of sustainability literature. Therefore, this thesis develops theory to explain what small region sustainability involves and tested the applicability of current sustainability assessment methods to find an effective tool for the journey to sustainability that can be used for social learning, decision making, policy development, research and monitoring of sustainability in small regions. It was found through the development of a model of sustainable carrying capacity and the major pressures of human activities on the environment, that sustainability for small regions means living equitably with the impacts of human activities in the region within the limits of its ecosystems. This thesis also found that none of the current sustainability methods tested were effective or useful as a tool for small regions. Therefore, a new sustainability assessment method was developed, the Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment (SCCA), which assesses the equitability and size of the major pressures that the human activities are causing and determines if this pressure exceeds the sustainable carrying capacity of the region, and thus, the sustainability of the population. Thus, for small regions to become sustainable, they must live equitably within the sustainable carrying capacity of the region's ecosystems, and a tool that can help them achieve this is the SCCA. By raising social awareness, guiding policy development and decision making this method can help guide small regions, and other spatial levels on their journey to sustainability. Therefore, it is recommended that Local Government Areas, Regional Organisation of Councils, schools, local community groups and anyone who wants to learn more about sustainability use this method. This thesis, therefore, makes a significant contribution to the field of sustainability.Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Australian School of Environmental Studies
Full Text
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Xercavins, Josep. "Carrying Capacity In East Sub-Saharan Africa: A multilevel integrated assessment and a sustainable development approach". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/6987.
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0.4.1. ORGANIZATIONIn the context of the global human/earth issues (population, poverty, imbalances, environment problematic, global warming, water scarcity, economical globalization, etc.) with the others the Carrying Capacity issue is emerging. It is a "driver" which is not always simply related with sustainable development concepts. It is therefore enormously important to give adequate answers to the majority of the global dilemmas.
The definition of carrying capacity is not easy because it is controversial. So the first chapter of this study is to adopt a clearer position in reference to the meaning, the borders, the key aspects, etc., of our approach to this issue. Basically, our approach is, first, from the sustainable development point of view and, second, a local approach in a global view. Finally and concretely, we indicate what aspects, in which place, how do we study carrying capacity? The answer to these questions will be: the agricultural (land and water) reality in a very specific region of East Sub Saharan Africa.
So the next step of the work is to specify and delimit our chosen region and, obviously, to study it in detail. Chapter 2, and some parts of Chapter 8, are the results of this.
The kind of methodological approach to global human/earth issues is, clearly, the most characteristic point of our work. We follow a scientific approach developed by Dr. Mihajlo Mesarovic over forty years ago in the mathematical systems analysis field and "finished" in multilevel integrated assessment with reasoning support tools for policy analysis. We study in depth and analyze this methodology in Chapter 3.
From a first or high level point of view of a hierarchy of models in our methodology, we study the population and, for the moment in this level, the carrying capacity reality, which is a dynamic system in reality, of our case study region. We have created the corresponding model and then, we have used a reference study from FAO/IIASA/UN [B.3.7] that, according to our bibliography searches and the role that it is continuing to play in the international studies of this issue in developing countries, is a "key reference". We find all of this in chapters 5 (population) and 6 (carrying capacity). In fact one of the goals of this work as a whole is to involve, extend, and indeed test the results of the mentioned report using our methodology.
Always from the hierarchical point of view we affront, finally, the second level representation of our issue. It is the most creative part of our study. We decide, after a deep analysis of the background, that we can succeed in developing a new agricultural model involving land and water aspects.
Because water is another controversial driving factor of the global human/earth issues, we focus on it in chapter 7. We add some personal special approach according to our methodology and "philosophy".
Chapter 8 is the highlight and plays, at the same time, an integrated role of the whole study and, in particular, the second level approach from the point of view of the hierarchy of the models. It allows us to make many final conclusions in several directions. About the methodology itself: extremely powerful with the interrelated combination of the different models levels approach. About the key report cited: only needs to be revised in its high input/output forecasting. The success and new possibilities in order to study the carrying capacity issue, for future policy "vision" analysis, that we now have from the point of view of agricultural reality. Finally, a dramatic foresight and call to the international decision- makers about the situation in our Case Study Region (essentially, the more stressful sub-region of East Sub-Saharan Africa).
0.4.2. OBJECTIVES AND CONTRIBUTIONS
Assessment of carrying capacity is essential in the search for the condition of sustainable development. While sustainability has a global dimension focus, for carrying capacity assessment has to be on geographic areas within which the needs of population have to be satisfied consistent with the physiologically determined time constraints. Specifically, food had to be secured for the population on location and in time where the need exists. Large geographic areas cannot be sustained by food imported from distant locations on the globe. In short, some degree of food self-sufficiency is a prerequisite for sustainability. The research reported here started by identifying eastern Sub-Sahara Africa as the most vulnerable geographic region in the sense of carrying capacity.
The objective of the research was to approach the question of carrying capacity in a practical integrated manner ("problematique"); i.e., in the context of real constraints imposed by environmental life support resources, rather than to "reduce" the problem to the considerations of the theoretical extreme capacity that have no chance of being achieved in reality.
On the first level, a model is developed focusing on the most dominant relationship between population evolution and carrying capacity as a dynamic, time varying system. Broad based data available in international sources are used. Results of FAO research, which is recognized as being the most authoritative, is used to parameterize the model for all countries in the region as well as for the region itself. The concept of an index of carrying capacity potential is developed to assess the results of the simulation using three levels of technology inputs of agricultural production, identified by the FAO.
A second level model is developed in which actual physical constraints -land, yields, water and irrigation- are explicitly taken into account. Assessment of carrying capacity supported by actual data is then conducted using the same carrying capacity potential index as the first level. Consistency of the results on the two levels has been demonstrated. This conclusion -not to be expected a priori- has justified the application of the multilevel, from the hierarchical of the models point of view, approach. As such it presents a contribution to the methodology beyond the carrying capacity problem per se.
So, in summary, the main contributions of the thesis are threefold:
a) Contribution to the complex systems analysis methodology based on the multilevel modeling hierarchy approach, that uses the notions of a dominant relationship rather than more detailed approximation, in order to construct models on different levels of the modeling hierarchy. Consistency of the results on two levels-not expected a priori-open the ways for application of the approach to other problem domains (global warming, water scarcity, etc.).
b) Development of an agricultural (land and water) model to study carrying capacity for any country, region, on the globe. The developed models and the reasoning approach in scenario analysis can be applied to other agricultural carrying capacity problems such as, i.e., for Afghanistan, Bangladesh, etc.
c) Concrete results about targets and policies for the region in the East Sub-Saharan Africa in order to improve their food self-security.
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Singer, Steven William. "ASSESSMENT OF CUMULATIVE TRAINING IMPACTS FOR SUSTAINABLE MILITARY LAND CARRYING CAPACITY AND ENVIRONMENT: QUANTIFYING QUALITY OF ENVIRONMENT AND LANDSCAPE". OpenSIUC, 2010. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/224.
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The United States Army land managers are facing a difficult task of balancing environmental quality and military land carrying capacity when planning missions. The increase in soil erosion and landscape fragmentation caused by intensive military training degrades environmental quality and restricts military missions simultaneously. So far, no effective tools can be applied to quantitatively assess the environmental quality of military training facilities. This study aims at overcoming the existing gaps in land management of the U.S. Army installations. In this study, spatial metrics were selected and used to quantify landscape quality and further their correlations with landscape aesthetics indicators were investigated to seek surrogates of the immeasurable indicators. The spatial metrics were then combined with other environmental variables including soil erosion, water quality, and noise to create an integrated indicator that comprehensively measures environmental quality for the U.S. Army installations using spatial multi-criteria decision analysis. The methodology proposed in this study was tested at Fort Riley Installation, Kansas. The obtained important results included i) Landsat Thematic Mapper TM imagery was better at identifying land cover categories than India Remote Sensing Imagery and their Brovey transformations and Principal Component Analysis (PCA); ii) Too fine of a spatial resolution of imagery led to a great number of small patches and degraded the accuracy of landscape segmentation; iii) both landscape shape index (LSI) and Aggregation Index (AI) had statistically significant correlation with military training intensity and quantified the landscape fragmentation well along with both LSI and AI had a significant negative correlation; iv) there were moderate correlations of LSI and AI with landscape complexity and Interspersion and Juxtaposition index (IJI) with disturbance; v) the landscape level environmental quality indicator obtained comprehensively and well quantified the overall environmental health and its dynamics, while the patch level indicator detailed the local environmental quality. The significant contributions made in this study included i) exploring the relationships of landscape aesthetic evaluations with spatial metrics variables and further incorporating the spatial metrics as surrogates of the landscape aesthetic evaluations into derivation of comprehensive environmental quality indicator; and ii) developing a practical method to integrate the individual factors into a comprehensive environmental quality indicator at both landscape and patch levels based on sustainable environmental health and military land carrying capacity. Without doubt, this study can provide effective tools for the Army land managers to accurately assess environmental quality and effectively plan military training on the installations. It is also expected this methodology can be applied to management of other lands such as agricultural, forested, and industrial lands, etc.
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Paiva, Renato Inhasz. "Informação ambiental sobre produtos para o consumo sustentável: os métodos de avaliação de impacto do ciclo de vida sob a ótica da sustentabilidade forte". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/106/106132/tde-28012017-145109/.
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A degradação ambiental proporcionada pelo consumo de produtos (JORGENSON, 2003) é fruto tanto da evolução de uma sociedade que se distancia da natureza (MORAN, 2011), quanto de suas reais necessidades (FRY, 2005). Da mesma forma, os interesses do mercado, de governos e de consumidores enrijecem a manutenção de uma sociedade hiperconsumista (FRY, 2005). Este fato é observado pela existência de políticas governamentais de consumo (corrente do consumo verde) que prezam pela rotulagem ambiental, depositam a responsabilidade da redução da degradação ambiental no consumidor (AKENJI, 2014), e que não consideram que o aumento da ecoeficiência, sem questionar quais são os limites ambientais impostos para a realização das atividades humanas, provocam um efeito de rebote que pode elevar ainda mais a degradação ambiental (HANLEY et al., 2009). Em contrapartida, a corrente do consumo sustentável afirma ser necessário repensar os níveis de consumo de modo a não ultrapassarmos os limites impostos pelo ambiente à realização das nossas atividades (AKENJI, 2014). Desta forma, a informação necessária para a corrente do consumo sustentável é aquela que indica em que medida as capacidades de suporte do ambiente foram superadas (ALCOTT, 2008). Dentre todos os instrumentos capazes de fornecer informação sobre os aspectos ambientais de produtos, a Avaliação do Ciclo de Vida (ACV) é o único instrumento desenhado para avaliar as consequências ambientais relacionadas ao ciclo de vida de um produto (CHEHEBE, 1997). Entretanto, as evidências encontradas na bibliografia indicam que os métodos utilizados pela ACV para mensurar as consequências ambientais do produto (métodos de AICV - Avaliação do Impacto do Ciclo de Vida) foram estruturados para calcular majoritariamente a ecoeficiência dos produtos, pois são poucos (ou não indicados pela bibliografia) os casos em que a capacidade de suporte do ambiente é avaliada por estes métodos (POTTING; HAUSCHILD, 2006). Diante deste quadro, esta dissertação se propôs a avaliar se os métodos de AICV existentes estão alinhados à sustentabilidade forte ou se estão alinhados à sustentabilidade fraca. Dois critérios de avaliação foram definidos com base nos princípios da sustentabilidade forte: (i) O resultado do indicador da Categoria de Impacto deve apresentar quanto da capacidade de suporte foi ultrapassada ou não para as emissões relacionadas ao ciclo de vida do produto - alinhado ao princípio (a) da sustentabilidade forte, de que as atividades humanas devem ser limitadas à capacidade de suporte do ambiente (COSTANZA; DALY, 1992) - e, (ii) Todas as Categorias de Impacto (CIs) do método de AICV devem atender ao requisito (i) - alinhado ao princípio (b) da sustentabilidade forte, de que não há substitutabilidade completa entre os diferentes elementos do capital natural (COSTANZA; DALY, 1992). Dos métodos de AICV avaliados (CML 2002, Eco-Indicator 99, Eco-Factors 2006, EDIP 2003, IMPACT2002+, MEErP 2011) verificou-se que nenhum método está alinhado aos princípios da sustentabilidade forte, pois os critérios (i) e (ii) não foram atendidos concomitantemente. Desta forma, concluiu-se que por não estarem alinhados aos princípios da sustentabilidade forte, os métodos de AICV avaliados não são capazes de atender à demanda do consumo sustentável por informações. Sua utilização demonstra que as políticas de consumo verde continuam a depositar a maior responsabilidade pela reversão da degradação ambiental nos consumidores, sem alterar a estrutura sistêmica criada pelos governos, pelo mercado e consumidores na qual o hiperconsumo prevalece.The environmental degradation provided by the consumption of products (JORGENSON, 2003) is the result of the evolution of a society that distances itself away from nature (MORAN, 2011) and from its real needs (FRY, 2005). At the same time, the interests of the market, governments and consumers maintain the hyper-consumption society (FRY, 2005). This fact is noticed by the presence of government consumption policies that appreciate environmental labeling, lay the responsibility for the reduction of the environmental degradation on the consumer (green consumption current) (AKENJI, 2014), and do not consider that the increase in eco-efficiency, without questioning the environmental limits for human activities, causes a rebound effect that can further raise environmental degradation (HANLEY et al., 2009). In contrast, the sustainable consumption current claims to be necessary to rethink consumption levels in order not to overpass the limits imposed by the environment for our activities (AKENJI, 2014). Thus, the necessary information for the sustainable consumption current is the one that indicates to what extent the environmental carrying capacity is exceeded (ALCOTT, 2008). Among all the instruments able to provide information on the environmental aspects of products, the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) is the only instrument designed to assess the environmental consequences related to the life cycle of a product (CHEHEBE, 1997). However, the evidence found in the literature indicates that the methods used by LCA to measure the environmental impact of products (LCIA methods - Life Cycle Impact Assessment) were structured to mainly calculate the eco-efficiency of products, once there are only a few cases (or no indicated by references) in which the environmental carrying capacity is assessed by these methods (POTTING; HAUSCHILD, 2006). Given this context, this work aimed to evaluate whether existing LCIA methods are aligned to the strong or weak sustainability currents. Two evaluation criteria were defined on the basis of strong sustainability: (i) The results of the Impact Category indicator should present how much of the carrying capacity has been exceeded or not by the emissions related to the product life cycle according to the principle (a) of the strong sustainability, which states that human activities should be limited by the environmental carrying capacity (COSTANZA; DALY, 1992) - and (ii) All Impact Categories of a LCIA method must meet the requirement (i) - according to the principle (b) of the strong sustainability, which states that there is no complete substitutability between the different elements of natural capital (COSTANZA; DALY, 1992). From the evaluation of the LCIA methods (CML 2002, Eco-Indicator 99 Eco-Factors 2006, EDIP 2003 IMPACT2002+ and MEErP 2011) it was found that any of these methods are aligned with the principles of the strong sustainability, once the methods do not comply with criteria (i) and (ii ) concurrently. Thus, it was concluded that once they are not aligned to the principles of strong sustainability, the evaluated LCIA methods are not able to meet the demand of sustainable consumption for information. Its use demonstrates that green consumption policies continue to place the greatest responsibility for the reversal of the environmental degradation on consumers, without changing the systemic structure created by governments, the market and consumers in which hyper-consumption prevails.
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Smith, Tiziana. "Quantifying China's carrying capacity : using optimization to explore sustainable food production". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/120602.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, 2018.This electronic version was submitted by the student author. The certified thesis is available in the Institute Archives and Special Collections.
Cataloged from student-submitted PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 113-119).
Feeding the world's growing population in an environmentally sustainable way is a complex social and engineering challenge. In this thesis, we develop a novel method for assessing the number of people that can be fed sustainably in a particular region for given natural resources and diet (the carrying capacity). A quantitative assessment of carrying capacity provides insight into the food security of the study region as well as the stress on the environmental system; in addition, this methodology can be used to assess the carrying capacity under a variety of policy interventions such as increasing yields, changing diets, or expanding irrigation infrastructure. The carrying capacity assessment uses optimization methods that find the cropping pattern that maximizes population subject to land, water, and diet constraints, considering a range of rainfed and irrigated crops. A data fusion procedure estimates the regional water and land resources needed to assess carrying capacity by combining measurements from diverse hydrologic and agronomic sources, including remote sensing data. Our carrying capacity methodology is illustrated with a case study of food security in China. China has historically been largely food self-sufficient, although its food imports have been increasing since the year 2000. We find that the population in China was well below the country's carrying capacity in the year 2000 given the diet and yields in that year. However, the population's changing diet - especially the growing preference for meat - is exacting a growing toll on land and water resources. We find that under a more recent diet (2013), China is not likely to be food self-sufficient, even with major investments in irrigated agriculture, without substantial increases in crop yield.
by Tiziana Smith.
Ph. D.
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Guo, Wei. "Building a tourism carrying capacity framework for global geoparks". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2019. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/712.
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The concept of geopark was first proposed by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization (UNESCO) in 1999. After that, geotourism emerged as a novel strategy for sustainable development in rural areas. Tourism carrying capacity is a concept related to the optimum use of natural areas without creating environmental degradation. This concept has been widely employed in nature tourism in national parks. To apply the carrying capacity concept in global geoparks, the purpose of this study is to remodel existing tourism carrying capacity frameworks to foster sustainable use of global geoparks. A review of the development of carrying capacity concept and six tourism carrying capacity frameworks, namely, Recreation Opportunity Spectrum (ROS), Limits of Acceptable Change (LAC), Visitor Impact Management (VIM), Visitor Experience and Resource Protection (VERP), Visitor Activity Management Process (VAMP), and Tourism Optimization Management Model (TOMM) in Chapter 2 demonstrates that tourism carrying capacity concept is able to raise the awareness on sustainable tourism in national parks but these traditional tourism carrying capacity frameworks commonly failed to address the interests of all stakeholders. Thus, this thesis adopts the definition of tourism carrying capacity for geoparks as the situation or condition of a geopark where there is reconciliation (i.e., having balance and harmony) of environmental conservation, social maintenance, and economic development. Based on the three aspects (i.e., environmental conservation, social maintenance, and economic development) of this concept, a tailor-made framework for global geoparks was built in Chapter 3, using confirmatory factor analysis and the revised importance-performance analysis to evaluate tourism carrying capacity in Global Geoparks. Then the modified tourism carrying capacity framework was applied in two UNESCO Global Geoparks, namely, Hong Kong Global Geopark and Danxiashan Global Geopark, to address the inherent tensions between resources conservation and sustainable development in both Geoparks in Chapters 4 and 5. It was found that 1) there was compatibility only among the three dimensions, namely, environmental conservation, social maintenance, and economic development in two Geoparks; 2) the structure of the framework and the compatibility of the three dimensions can only be confirmed in the local community model (Figure 3.3) by the importance data of factors, i.e., resource, human environment, and facility. No validity can be established in the construct of the GGN model on the local community's satisfaction of the overall environments in two Parks and neither is there an agreement between the visitors in both Parks with the GGN criteria; and 3) from the satisfaction data on the three factors of the visitor model (Figure 3.4), i.e., environmental carrying capacity, political-economic carrying capacity, and socio-demographic carrying capacity, it shows that HKGP appears to be more sustainably managed than DXSGP. Collectively, this study has provided a new framework for evaluating tourism carrying capacity in a geopark. I hope to advance the methodological innovation of sustainable geotourism management and supplement the lacuna of criteria and standards for Global Geoparks in future studies.
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Zhang, Liye. "Carrying capacity assessment of diving sites in Hong Kong and Malaysia". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2016. https://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_oa/339.
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This study aims to understand tourism carrying capacities of diving sites in Hong Kong and Malaysia. Specifically, ecological, psychological and social carrying capacities were assessed. Methodology involved photo quadrat transect survey, questionnaire survey and visual experiment survey. Over a period of two calendar years (2013 and 2014), 13, 12 and 9 photo quadrat transect surveys were conducted in Sharp Island, Tsim Chau and Mabul Island (Ray Point and Eel Garden) respectively to provide data for ecological carrying capacity assessment. In addition, 455 and 342 questionnaires were collected in Hong Kong and Mabul Island respectively to assess divers' satisfaction with diving attributes of the respective dive sites. Regarding social carrying capacity assessment, 247 and 158 visual experiment questionnaires were collected to assess crowding as perceived by divers in the two sites.;The ecological carrying capacity of Sharp Island lies between 172 and (less than) 825 divers every quarter in the absence of better solutions. At Tsim Chau, diving activity is not the most important factor in influencing the coverage of sea anemone. In addition, the use of additional (subjective) data was necessary to define the ecological carrying capacity of Tsim Chau and possibly Sharp Island. In Mabul Island, the results show that the ecological carrying capacity is about 16800-17200 divers per year at Ray Point and about 15600-16800 divers per year at Eel Garden. Based on the findings, it is likely that the usage of the diving sites on Sharp Island, Ray Point and Eel Garden have already exceeded the social carrying capacity. Regarding the psychological carrying capacity, this study found that the most important factor that influences divers' willingness to return to Hong Kong diving sites is "the quality of corals". In Mabul Island, the most important factor is "the value for money of Mabul diving". However, no studied diving sites have exceeded their psychological carrying capacities. Regarding the social carrying capacity, on both Hong Kong and Mabul Island diving sites, the "number of divers" was found to be the most influential factor for divers' perceived crowding. In Hong Kong, divers' begin to feel unacceptably crowded if 78̃ divers are visible to them at one time whereas in Mabul Island, divers would start to feel unacceptably crowded if 8 to 9 divers were visible to them at one time. Based on this, it is likely that the usage of both Hong Kong and Mabul Island diving sites have already exceeded the social carrying capacity.;With the increasing popularity of diving in recent years, divers and diving trips operators around the world need to be aware of divers' impact on coral reef, divers' satisfaction and underwater crowding problem. Finally, a series of management and policy measures to minimise the impact of diving activity on coral, improve divers' satisfaction and mitigate divers' crowding perception in underwater environment are proposed for sustainable use of diving sites in Hong Kong and Mabul Island.
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NAKAMURA, Hikaru, Naoshi UEDA, Minoru KUNIEDA i Ahmed KAMAL. "ASSESSMENT OF STRENGTHENING EFFECT ON RC BEAMS WITH UHP-SHCC". 日本コンクリート工学会, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/20917.
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Lane, Murray C. "The development of a carrying capacity assessment model for the Australian socio-environmental context". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/67485/1/Murray_Lane_Thesis.pdf.
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A key aim of this research was to highlight how society's understanding of constraints to the productive capacity of its resource base is vital to its long-term survival. This was achieved through the development of an online model, the Carrying Capacity Dashboard. The Dashboard was developed to estimate how much land Australian populations require for the production of their food, textiles, timber and liquid fuel. Findings reveal that Australia's estimated carrying capacity is currently over 40 million people but longer-term and more regional analyses suggest a much smaller number. Carrying capacity assessment also indicates that optimal resource security is to be found in balancing both small and large-scale self-sufficiency.
Książki na temat "Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment"
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Network, Carrying Capacity. The carrying capacity briefing book. Washington, D.C: Carrying Capacity Network, 1996.
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Walchester, John. Tourism carrying capacity in planning for sustainable tourism development. Oxford: Oxford Brookes University, 1993.
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Rees, William E. Pressing global limits: Trade as the appropriation of carrying capacity. Vancouver: Centre for Human Settlements, School of Community and Regional Planning, University of British Columbia, 1994.
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Grimble, Robin. Carrying capacity: Sustainable use and demographic determinants of natural habitats and ecosystems management. Washington, D.C: World Bank, 1996.
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National Research Council (U.S.). Committee on Science and Policy for the Coastal Ocean., National Research Council (U.S.). Ocean Studies Board. i National Research Council (U.S.). Water Science and Technology Board., red. A Review of the Florida Keys carrying capacity study. Washington, D.C: National Academy Press, 2002.
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Qu yu sheng tai cheng zai li yu sheng tai an quan yan jiu. Beijing: Zhongguo huan jing ke xue chu ban she, 2010.
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Facility, Global Environment. Cross-cutting report: National Capacity Self Assessment Project (NCSA) : Samoa. S.l: s.n., 2006.
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Island, Croatia) International Conference on Island Sustainability (2nd 2012 Brač. Island sustainability II. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2013.
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Khanna, P. Carrying-capacity as a basis for sustainable development: A case study of National Capital Region in India. Oxford: Pergamon, 1999.
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Island sustainability. Southampton: WIT Press, 2010.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment"
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Bhagwat, Jayeshkumar Maheshkumar, i Varuvel Devadas. "Sustainable Infrastructure Planning by Using Carrying Capacity Assessment in Gwalior City". W Sustainability in the Built Environment in the 21st Century: Lessons Learned from India and the Region, 89–102. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-61891-9_6.
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McKindsey, Christopher W. "Carrying Capacity carrying capacity for Sustainable Bivalve Aquaculture carrying capacity sustainable bivalve aquaculture". W Sustainable Food Production, 449–66. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_179.
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McKindsey, Christopher W. "Carrying Capacity carrying capacity for Sustainable Bivalve Aquaculture carrying capacity sustainable bivalve aquaculture". W Encyclopedia of Sustainability Science and Technology, 1959–76. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-0851-3_179.
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Sgobbo, Alessandro. "Sustainable Planning: The Carrying Capacity Approach". W New Metropolitan Perspectives, 633–42. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48279-4_59.
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Sati, Vishwambhar Prasad. "Tourism Carrying Capacity and Destination Development". W Sustainable Tourism Development in the Himalaya: Constraints and Prospects, 123–31. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58854-0_10.
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The Ecologist. "■ “Carrying Capacity”, “Over Population” and Environmental Degradation". W The Earthscan Reader in Sustainable Development, 101–3. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003403432-13.
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Ferreira, Joao G., Jon Grant, David W. Verner-Jeffreys i Nick G. H. Taylor. "Carrying Capacity for Aquaculture Aquaculture , Modeling Frameworks for Determination of". W Sustainable Food Production, 417–48. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4614-5797-8_904.
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Smaal, Aad C., i L. A. van Duren. "Bivalve Aquaculture Carrying Capacity: Concepts and Assessment Tools". W Goods and Services of Marine Bivalves, 451–83. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-96776-9_23.
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Ángel, Piroska, i Kay Bergamini. "Sociocultural-Carrying Capacity: Impact of Population Growth in Rapa Nui". W Sustainable Human–Nature Relations, 23–47. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-3049-4_2.
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Panwar, Himanshhu, Jwngma Basumatary i Meenakshi Dhote. "Carrying Capacity of Air Environment and Development of a Megacity". W Sustainable Urbanism in Developing Countries, 215–28. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003131922-13.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment"
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Tselentis, B. S., D. G. Prokopiou i M. Toanoglou. "Carrying capacity assessment for the Greek islands of Kalymnos, Kos and Rhodes". W SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2006. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st060331.
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Li, Zhigang, i Yangjie Tian. "Assessment of Relative Water Resources Carrying Capacity and Sustainable Development in Chengdu,China". W Proceedings of the Sixth Symposium of Risk Analysis and Risk Management in Western China (WRARM 2019). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/wrarm-19.2019.3.
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CARRIÓN-MERO, PAÚL, FERNANDO MORANTE-CARBALLO, PAULA PALOMEQUE-ARÉVALO i BORIS APOLO-MASACHE. "ENVIRONMENTAL ASSESSMENT AND TOURIST CARRYING CAPACITY FOR THE DEVELOPMENT OF GEOSITES IN THE FRAMEWORK OF GEOTOURISM, GUAYAQUIL, ECUADOR". W SUSTAINABLE CITY 2021. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/sc210131.
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Oberst, Ala, i Maria Gheorghita. "Consolidate the reputation and increase the credibility of the company through the implementation of the social audit". W 4th Economic International Conference "Competitiveness and Sustainable Development". Technical University of Moldova, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.52326/csd2022.18.
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An organization’s commitment to the welfare of society has become a central criterion in measuring its overall performance and its ability to continue to operate effectively. The role of the social audit is an essential one in the process of qualitative assessment of the organizational capacity to manage human resources in order to determine the social impact. The main objective established in carrying out this research consists in highlighting the most widely spread international models for social audit that can be applied as a reference by companies from the Republic of Moldova. The selection and application of the most appropriate social audit model will allow enterprises to carry out self-assessment and identify directions for increasing social responsibility to protect and increase reputation, to improve the image and strengthen the organizational culture, to increase the trust of customers and business partners.
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Rosales, Natalie. "Expanding an understanding of urban resilience in the realm of adaptation planning". W 55th ISOCARP World Planning Congress, Beyond Metropolis, Jakarta-Bogor, Indonesia. ISOCARP, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/rijg3216.
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As cities have become more central to development, resilience, risk assessment and prevention instruments have gained greater importance in urban planning considerations. By using the case study of Mexico City’s Climate Action Programme, this piece of work contests the way in which resilience has been embedded in urban adaptation planning. Grounded on a planning evaluation based approach to analyze on which methodologies, tools, and frameworks have been used, and which key actions and strategic lines to building resilient cities are contemplated, this descriptive research incorporates urban-regional metabolism dynamics and environmental data such as carrying capacity, into Mexico city climate change scenarios and vulnerability analysis matrix. By doing so, the article introduces new ideas that can: i) move from risk management to uncertainty oriented planning; ii) understand vulnerability in the context of equitable sustainable development, while highlights the opportunities transformative resilience offers to enable transformations towards sustainable urban futures.
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Dianhong, Zhao. "Research on land space optimisation based on dual evaluation from the perspective of human-earth relations". W Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/cdjb3416.
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"double evaluation" (assessment of carrying capacity of resources and environment and suitability of land space development), as an important tool to identify the shortcomings of resources and environment and the risks of construction and development in the development and utilization of land space, provides a basic basis for supporting land space planning and implementing comprehensive land improvement projects. From the perspective of human-land relationship, this paper explores the dialectical relationship between the natural environment behind the dual evaluation and human social and economic activities, and discusses how the integration result of the dual evaluation and the optimization scheme of the territorial space pattern connect scientifically and reasonably. In a prefecture-level city prefecture of a province province as a case, the reasonable requirements of human production and living into land demand parameters, combined with multiple stakeholders of negotiations, focusing on the adjacent regional conflicts and coordination function, major disaster prevention engineering, state domain perfect traffic network pattern characteristics and regional development strategy, constantly checking and optimization, to enhance robustness optimization results, for national spatial optimization and provide material basis and guarantee for sustainable economic and social development
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He, R. M., J. Y. Zhang, X. J. Wang i G. Q. Wang. "Advances on regional water environment carrying capacity". W The 2015 International Conference on Sustainable Development (ICSD2015). WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789814749916_0056.
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POOT QUINTAL, MARÍA DENY D., i ROMANO G. SEGRADO PAVÓN. "TOURISM CARRYING CAPACITY FOR BEACHES IN TULUM NATIONAL PARK, MEXICO". W SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2020. Southampton UK: WIT Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st200161.
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Prokopiou, D. G., B. S. Tselentis i M. Toanoglou. "Comparative analysis of carrying capacity indices for the central Aegean islands". W SUSTAINABLE TOURISM 2012. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/st120071.
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Castellani, V., S. Sala i D. Pitea. "A new method for tourism carrying capacity assessment". W ECOSUD 2007. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/eco070341.
Pełny tekst źródłaRaporty organizacyjne na temat "Sustainable Carrying Capacity Assessment"
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Guertin, Patrick J., i William D. Meyer. Sustainable Army Training Lands/Carrying Capacity: Training Use Distribution Model (TUDM). Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, maj 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada405023.
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Gambill, Daniel, Matthew Stoklosa, Sean Matus, Heidi Howard i Garrett Feezor. White Sands Missile Range Thurgood Canyon watershed : analysis of Range Road 7 for development of best management practices and recommendations. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), wrzesień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45622.
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Thurgood Canyon, located on White Sands Missile Range (WSMR), contains an alluvial fan that is bisected by a primary installation road and is in the proximity of sensitive fish habitats. This project was initiated to determine if and how sensitive fish habitats at the base of the fan are impacted by the existing drainage infrastructure and to assess the condition and sustainability of the existing transportation infrastructure. Findings show that the current drainage infrastructure maintains flow energy and sediment carrying capacity further down the fan than would occur in its absence. However, frequent to moderately rare (small to medium) flood events dissipate over 2 km from sensitive habitat, and overland flow and sediment do not reach the base of the fan. Controlled flow diversion is recommended upstream of the road to mitigate infrastructure or habitat impacts during very rare (very large) flood events. A comprehensive operation and management approach is presented to achieve sustainable transportation infrastructure and reduce the likelihood of impacts to the sensitive habitat.
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Israel, Alvaro, i John Merrill. Production of Seed Stocks for Sustainable Tank Cultivation of the Red Edible Seaweed Porphyra. United States Department of Agriculture, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2006.7696527.bard.
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Porphyra species (commonly known as ‘nori’ or ‘purple laver’) are edible red seaweeds rich in proteins, vitamins and other highly valued biogenic compounds. For years Porphyra has been cultured using seeded nets extended in the open sea, and its biomass consumed primarily in the Far East. While demands for international markets have increased steadily at an average of 20% per year, supplies are on the verge and not expected to meet future demands. Alternatively, land-based cultivation of seaweed has become attractive in the mariculture industry since (1) important growth parameters can be controlled, (2) is environmentally friendly and (3) perfectly matches with integrated aquaculture leading to sustainable, high quality products. During the last few years a tank cultivation technology for Porphyra has been developed at the Israeli institution. This technology is based on indoor production of asexual spores and their subsequent growth to 1-2 mm seedlings. The seedlings are then transferred to outdoor tanks and ponds when seawater temperatures drop to 20 °C, or below, and days become shorter during winter time. However, the current technology efficiently serves only about 100 m2 of ponds during one growth season. In order to produce seedlings in sufficient amounts, it is critical to address both technical and biological aspects of seedling production, securing optimal up-scale to commercial-size cultivation farms. We hypothesize that massive production of spores is related to thalli origin, thalli age and sporulation triggers, and that seedling survival and their subsequent growth potential is determined by the seawater quality and overall indoor growth conditions imposed. A series of bio-reactors were constructed and tested in which spore release and spore growth were separately studied. The main assessment criteria for optimal viability of the seedlings will be by determining their electron transport rate using PAM fluorometry and by subsequent growth and biomass yields in outdoor ponds. Altogether the project showed (1), controlled sporulation is possible in big outdoor/growth chamber settings provided initial stock material (small frozen seedlings) is at hand, (2), contamination problems can be almost completely avoided if stock material is properly handled (clean as possible and partially dehydrated prior to freezing), (3), spore release can significantly be enhance using high nutrient levels during thawing for P. yezoensis and P. haitanensis, but not for P. rosengurttii, (4), PAM fluorometry is an efficient tool to estimate growth capacity in both seedlings and juvenile thalli. The BARD funding also served to explore other aspects of Porphyra biology and cultivation. For example, the taxonomical status of Porphyra strains used in this study was defined (see appendix), and the potential use of this seaweed in bioremediation was well substantiated. In addition, BARD funding supported a number of opportunities and activities in the Israeli lab, direct or indirectly related to the initial objectives of the project such as: additional molecular work in other seaweeds, description of at least 2 new species for the Israeli Mediterranean, and continuous support for the writing of a book on Global Change and applied aspects of seaweeds. The technology for Porphyra cultivation in land-based ponds is readily available. This study corroborated previous know-how of Porphyra growth in tanks and ponds, and yet offers important improvements regarding seedling production and their handling for successful cultivation. This study supported various other activities opening additional important issues in the biology/cultivation/use of Porphyra and other seaweeds.
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Walz, Yvonne, Florence Nick, Oscar Higuera Roa, Udo Nehren i Zita Sebesvari. Coherence and Alignment among Sustainable Land Management, Ecosystem-based Adaptation, Ecosystem-based Disaster Risk Reduction and Nature-based Solutions. United Nations University - Institute for Environment and Human Security, listopad 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.53324/mwgp9896.
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Approaches integrating environmental management practices have been gaining importance in recent years. Sustainable Land Management (SLM), Ecosystem-based Adaptation (EbA), Ecosystem-based disaster Risk Reduction (Eco-DRR) and Nature-based Solutions (NbS) are widely applied approaches that tackle certain drivers of challenges such as food insecurity, water scarcity, decline in biodiversity and threats to livelihoods, while also considering both human well-being and ecosystem functions and services. Better understanding the similarities, differences and relationships between these approaches helps to improve efficiency in implementation and leverage synergies. By shedding more light on where these approaches align, investments in land-based solutions in response to different types of environmental challenges can be more effectively designed to achieve multiple targets. In response to the United Nations Convention to Combat Desertification (UNCCD) decision 19/COP.14 paragraph 4, the main objective of this report is to understand and elaborate upon the characteristics of SLM, EbA, Eco-DRR and NbS. The report begins with an overview of the historical backgrounds and origins of SLM, EbA, Eco-DRR and NbS. Despite differences in their specific goals and targeted benefits, all approaches aim for the support of biodiversity, land-based ecosystems and ecosystem services and functions, and employ measures to conserve, restore and sustainably use land to support ecosystem services and functions, including SLM technologies. Furthermore, irrespective of their different goals, the projects developed under any approach can generate comparable co-benefits, especially due to their support of biodiversity. The capacity for all these approaches to deliver multiple co-benefits means that projects of each approach can directly contribute to implementing the specific goals of the other approaches as well. Thus, multiple global and national targets, frameworks, strategies and conventions which call for the implementation of one or more of these approaches, can benefit from this report by avoiding duplication and reducing the overall investments necessary to achieve the set targets and goals. This is critical for achieving the ambitious Agenda 2030, including voluntary land degradation neutrality (LDN) targets and climate action under the Paris Agreement. It will also be the case for the post-2020 global biodiversity framework currently under development. The added value that will come from optimizing the links among these approaches extends from national policymakers to the practitioners of SLM, EbA and Eco-DRR projects, which all share the ultimate goal of sustainable development. To capture the coherence and alignment among these approaches, their similarities and differences have been summarized in a conceptual framework. The framework has been designed to help practitioners understand the specific goals of each approach, and to link these to the relevant global and national targets, frameworks, strategies and conventions, which can support monitoring and evaluation as well as reporting processes. The synergies among these approaches are further illustrated based on three case studies in order to demonstrate opportunities for leveraging multiple co-benefits and targets at implementation level irrespective of the different objectives under each. The results of this assessment demonstrate that activities under one approach can be beneficial to achieve the specific goals of other approaches with little additional effort. It is essential for policymakers, project developers and practitioners to recognize that. This is key to the achievement of sustainable development.
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Scoular, Claire, i Ian Teo. Developing strategic plans for an aligned approach to 21st century skills integration. Australian Council for Educational Research, marzec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-626-0.
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This report describes an online course developed to support education systems to build an aligned and sustainable approach to integration of 21st Century Skills (21CS). 21CS are those skills that are considered particularly important to succeed in today’s knowledge-based society in which innovation and technology are predominant. Prominent examples include critical thinking, creative thinking, and collaboration, and such skills need to be better understood in order for them to be integrated. While different countries may have their own frameworks or priorities surrounding 21CS, a consistent approach to integration can still be achieved with a shared understanding from all stakeholders within the system. The course objectives focused on supporting countries to develop a strategic plan for 21CS integration, providing resources to aid that plan, and building capacity to implement the plan. The specific learning objectives were to: Understand components and steps leading to 21CS alignment; Conduct a needs analysis, identifying which steps are currently being met, and which steps need more attention; Develop a strategic plan, identifying which steps are to be prioritized and in which order; Gain insights from other education systems from reflections on successful developments and lessons learned; and Engage in discussion within education systems and with other countries about the emerging area of skills integration, as well as identify future directions. Course participants joined from across 16 Asia Pacific countries and from the Education Quality and Assessment Programme for the Pacific Community (EQAP). The course comprised of eight modules that were spread over three weeks, with content hosted online through the Moodle platform.Each module consisted of pre-recorded video content (30-60 minutes) and team and/or individual activities. The modules were supported by three live sessions that allowed participants to ask questions and share reflections in real time. The course concluded with a webinar that consisted of presentations that were delivered by one member from each Core Strategy Team who shared their team’s strategic plan and reflections from this course.
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Journeay, M., P. LeSueur, W. Chow i C L Wagner. Physical exposure to natural hazards in Canada. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/330012.
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Natural hazard threats occur in areas of the built environment where buildings, people, and related financial assets are exposed to the physical effects of earth system processes that have a potential to cause damage, injuries, losses, and related socioeconomic disruption. As cities, towns, and villages continue to expand and densify in response to the pressures of urban growth and development, so too do the levels of exposure and susceptibility to natural hazard threat. While our understanding of natural hazard processes has increased significantly over the last few decades, the ability to assess both overall levels of physical exposure and the expected impacts and consequences of future disaster events (i.e., risk) is often limited by access to an equally comprehensive understanding of the built environment and detailed descriptions of who and what are situated in harm's way. This study addresses the current gaps in our understanding of physical exposure to natural hazards by presenting results of a national model that documents characteristics of the built environment for all settled areas in Canada. The model (CanEM) includes a characterization of broad land use patterns that describe the form and function of cities, towns, and villages of varying size and complexity, and the corresponding portfolios of people, buildings and related financial assets that make up the internal structure and composition of these communities at the census dissemination area level. Outputs of the CanEM model are used to carry out a preliminary assessment of exposure and susceptibility to significant natural hazard threats in Canada including earthquake ground shaking; inundation of low-lying areas by floods and tsunami; severe winds associated with hurricanes and tornados; wildland urban interface fire (wildfire); and landslides of various types. Results of our assessment provide important new insights on patterns of development and defining characteristics of the built environment for major metropolitan centres, rural and remote communities in different physiographic regions of Canada, and the effects of ongoing urbanization on escalating disaster risk trends at the community level. Profiles of physical exposure and hazard susceptibility described in this report are accompanied by open-source datasets that can be used to inform local and/or regional assessments of disaster risk, community planning and emergency management activities for all areas in Canada. Study outputs contribute to broader policy goals and objectives of the International Sustainable Development Goals (SDG 2015-2030; Un General Assembly, 2015) and the Sendai Framework for Disaster Risk Reduction (SFDRR 2015-2030; United Nations Office for Disaster Reduction [UNDRR], 2015), of which Canada is a contributing member. These include a more complete understanding of natural hazard risk at all levels of government, and the translation of this knowledge into actionable strategies that are effective in reducing intrinsic vulnerabilities of the built environment and in strengthening the capacity of communities to withstand and recover from future disaster events.
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Pacific Transport Sector Assessment, Strategy, and Road Map 2021–2025. Asian Development Bank, lipiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/sgp210255-2.
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This publication highlights key transport issues in the Pacific developing member countries of the Asian Development Bank (ADB) and sets out ADB’s planned 2021–2025 transport sector operations in the region. These operations, based on domestic and regional sector priorities and ADB’s Strategy 2030, aim to help countries prepare for and respond to shocks, deliver sustainable services, and promote inclusive growth. The publication covers maritime, land, and urban transport; aviation; and intermodal connectivity. It discusses climate change adaptation and disaster risk management, regional cooperation and integration, institutional capacity, gender equality, land ownership, and procurement. It is linked to ADB’s Pacific Approach strategy document.