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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Sustainability, industrial ecology, complex systems"
1
Burdock, Robert P., i Peter Ampt. "The Characteristics of Five Food Production Systems and Their Implications for Sustainable Landscapes". Journal of Agricultural Science 10, nr 2 (12.01.2018): 23. http://dx.doi.org/10.5539/jas.v10n2p23.
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This paper presents a classification of agricultural production systems that we believe characterises the complex interface between agriculture and the landscapes in which they are managed. Farmers have a choice about how they will manage their land, either to exclude inherent environmental complexity or to engage with it, mindful of risks associated with their approach. Adding to this complexity is the interplay between key natural, social, human, physical and financial resources in agricultural systems, highlighting the importance of extending sustainability principles to aspects of ecology, economics and culture. Decisions about agricultural systems hinge on a balance of productive outcomes, on sensitivity to the issues of environmental complexity, on economic grounds including the access to resources, and the socio-cultural needs of the community in which the farmer participates. Further, farm managers will make a choice that both satisfies and suffices (satisfices) against production, ecological efficiencies and resilience outcomes when choosing which food production system to adopt. In this paper, these complexities are analysed against five different agricultural systems on an ecological continuum; from biologically simple industrial systems that minimise interaction with the natural environment, to ecologically complex systems that are closely engaged with their environment. Production viability is a necessary consideration to maintain farming operations but is not sufficient if operational capacity is to be achieved in the long term. This analysis finds that it is also necessary to work with ecological, economic and social complexities, satisficing against productivity, ecological efficiency and inherit system resilience. No one particular farming systems is appropriate in all cases. The farmer’s choice may apply a mix of the five different agricultural systems described, allowing for the blending of these attributes in order to sustain rural landscapes.
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Kanga, Shruti, Suraj Kumar Singh, Gowhar Meraj, Anup Kumar, Ruby Parveen, Nikola Kranjčić i Bojan Đurin. "Assessment of the Impact of Urbanization on Geoenvironmental Settings Using Geospatial Techniques: A Study of Panchkula District, Haryana". Geographies 2, nr 1 (6.01.2022): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/geographies2010001.
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Urbanization is an unavoidable process of social and economic growth in modern times. However, the speed with which urbanization is taking place produces complex environmental changes. It has affected the surface albedo and roughness of the soil, thereby modulating hydrological and ecological systems, which in turn has affected regional and local climate systems. In developing countries of South Asia, rampant and unplanned urbanization has created a complex system of adverse environmental scenarios. Similar is the case in India. The state of the urban environment across India is degrading so quickly that the long-term sustainability of its cities is endangered. Many metropolitan cities in India are witnessing the harmful impacts of urbanization on their land ecology. In this context, remote sensing and geographic information system (GIS) based assessments provide a comprehensive and effective analysis of the rate and the impact of urbanization. The present study focuses on understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of urban growth and its implications on the geomorphology of the Panchkula District, Haryana, one of the fastest-growing urban centers in India. The study links the changes in land use/land cover (LULC) with the changing geomorphology of the study area using satellite remote sensing and GIS. The results showed that between 1980 and 2020, agricultural (+73.71%), built-up (+84.66%), and forest (+4.07%) classes of land increased in contrast to that of the fallow land (−76.80%) and riverbed (−50.86%) classes that have decreased in spatial extents. It has been observed that the hill geomorphological class had decreased in the area owing to conversion to industrial and built-up activities. Assessment of the environmental quality of cities involves multiple disciplines that call for a significant amount of scientific evaluation and strong decision making, and the present study shall lay down the baseline analysis of the impact of changing LULC on the geomorphological setup of the selected urban center.
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Soe Htet, Maw Ni, Honglu Wang, Lixin Tian, Vivek Yadav, Hamz Ali Samoon i Baili Feng. "Integrated Starches and Physicochemical Characterization of Sorghum Cultivars for an Efficient and Sustainable Intercropping Model". Plants 11, nr 12 (15.06.2022): 1574. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11121574.
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Sorghum has good adaptation to drought tolerance and can be successfully cultivated on marginal lands with low input cost. Starch is used in many foods and nonfood industrial applications and as a renewable energy resource. Sorghum starches with different amylose contents affect the different physicochemical properties. In this study, we isolated starches from six sorghum varieties (i.e., Jinza 34, Liaoza 19, Jinnuo 3, Jiza 127, Jiniang 2, and Jiaxian) and investigated them in terms of their chemical compositions and physicochemical properties. All the starch granules had regular polygonal round shapes and showed the characteristic “Maltese cross”. These six sorghum starches showed an A-type diffraction pattern. The highest amylose content of starch in Jinza 127 was 26.90%. Jiaxian had a higher water solubility at 30, 70, and 90 °C. From the flow cytometry analysis based on six sorghum starch granules, Liaoza 19 had a larger and more complex granules (particle percentage (P1) = 66.5%). The Jinza 34 starch had higher peak (4994.00 mPa∙s) and breakdown viscosity (4013.50 mPa∙s) and lower trough viscosity (973.50 mPa∙s). Jinnuo 3 had higher onset temperature, peak temperature, conclusion temperature, gelatinization enthalpy, and gelatinization range. The principal component analysis and hierarchical cluster analysis based on classification of different sorghum starches showed that Jiniang 2 and Jinnuo 3 had similar physicochemical properties and most divergent starches, respectively. Our result provides useful information not only on the use of sorghum starches in food and non-food industries but for the great potential of sorghum-based intercropping systems in maintaining agricultural sustainability.
4
Bettencourt, Luís M. A., i Christa Brelsford. "Industrial Ecology: The View From Complex Systems". Journal of Industrial Ecology 19, nr 2 (11.03.2015): 195–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jiec.12243.
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Ahram, Tareq Z. "ENGINEERING SUSTAINABLE COMPLEX SYSTEMS". Management and Production Engineering Review 4, nr 4 (1.12.2013): 4–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/mper-2013-0032.
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Abstract Given the most competitive nature of global business environment, effective engineering innovation is a critical requirement for all levels of system lifecycle development. The society and community expectations have increased beyond environmental short term impacts to global long term sustainability approach. Sustainability and engineering competence skills are extremely important due to a general shortage of engineering talent and the need for mobility of highly trained professionals [1]. Engineering sustainable complex systems is extremely important in view of the general shortage of resources and talents. Engineers implement new technologies and processes to avoid the negative environmental, societal and economic impacts. Systems thinking help engineers and designers address sustainable development issues with a global focus using leadership and excellence. This paper introduces the Systems Engineering (SE) methodology for designing complex and more sustainable business and industrial solutions, with emphasis on engineering excellence and leadership as key drivers for business sustainability. The considerable advancements achieved in complex systems engineering indicate that the adaptation of sustainable SE to business needs can lead to highly sophisticated yet widely useable collaborative applications, which will ensure the sustainability of limited resources such as energy and clean water. The SE design approach proves critical in maintaining skills needed in future capable workforce. Two factors emerged to have the greatest impact on the competitiveness and sustainability of complex systems and these were: improving skills and performance in engineering and design, and adopting SE and human systems integration (HSI) methodology to support sustainability in systems development. Additionally, this paper provides a case study for the application of SE and HSI methodology for engineering sustainable and complex systems.
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Diwekar, Urmila. "Green process design, industrial ecology, and sustainability: A systems analysis perspective". Resources, Conservation and Recycling 44, nr 3 (czerwiec 2005): 215–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2005.01.007.
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Zhao, Qing Jian, i Zuo Min Wen. "Complex Social-Ecological Systems Network：New Perspective on the Sustainability". Advanced Materials Research 361-363 (październik 2011): 1467–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.361-363.1467.
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The complex social-ecological systems network is an integrative platform of ecology, economy, management and complex networks which providing a new perspective on the comprehensive management of ecological and socio economical processes. Through research of the structures, functions and processes, one four-dimensional conceptual model of the complex social-ecological system for sustainable development was set up. The complex social-ecological systems comprise of natural subsystem, social subsystem, economic subsystem and integrative decision subsystem. The complex social-ecological systems network was defined as one six-element tuple which denotes the comprehensive spatial structure with different kinds of nodes of ecosystem, social system and economic system. The complex social-ecological systems network has some important characteristics including hierarchies, power-low, vulnerabilities, resilience, dynamics, co-evolution of flow and structure, et al. At last, based on the Multimedia Environment Pollutant Assessment System (MEPAS) of US EPA, the relationship between POPs (Persistent Organic Pollutants) exposure and lifetime fatal cancer risk was studied, and comprehensive risk network of the Taihu basin water pollution and human body health was established.
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Pan, Mingmin, i Mee Kam Ng. "Implementing industrial ecology in regeneration activities: A possible pathway for transforming China's local-regional industrial systems towards sustainability?" Journal of Cleaner Production 338 (marzec 2022): 130601. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2022.130601.
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Ildus Rafikov i Riaz Ansary. "Industrial Revolution 4.0: Risks, Sustainability, and Implications for OIC States". ICR Journal 11, nr 2 (30.12.2020): 298–324. http://dx.doi.org/10.52282/icr.v11i2.787.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This paper reviews the potential risks of the fourth industrial revolution and how sustainable development goals align with those risks and any benefits. This paper adopts a qualitative research method using content analysis of video and textual materials. This research finds that the increased complexity of IR4.0 carries greater risks but offers greater benefits to humanity. Sustainability is going to be positively affected by the greater use of smart interconnected technologies. However, the fabric of human society will undergo a tremendous change that will often lead to unwanted consequences. Many risks can be anticipated and addressed by designing systems, including financial and economic, that are inherently robust and adaptable. States must acknowledge the risks associated with new technologies and complex systems, such as artificial intelligence, and devise strategies to help deal with and anticipate those risks. This paper identifies the risks and benefits of the Fourth Industrial Revolution, implications for sustainability, and proposes a maqasid-based approach to IR4.0 related policy in OIC countries. This paper is intended for researchers in the area of public policy, OIC, Islamic economics and for policymakers interested in adopting the maqasid framework.
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Bezuidenhout, Carel Nicolaas, Muhammad Kadwa i Milindi S. Sibomana. "Using Theme and Domain Networking Approaches to Understand Complex Agri-Industrial Systems". Outlook on Agriculture 42, nr 1 (marzec 2013): 9–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.5367/oa.2013.0119.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Sustainability, industrial ecology, complex systems"
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Beck, Jessica Mareile. "A Holistic Approach to Sustainability Analysis of Industrial Networks". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3959.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The aim of this thesis is to support the evaluation of sustainable development strategies for industrial networks in the context of industrial ecology (IE). Industrial networks are a group of units which carry out, or contribute to, industrial activity, and are connected by material and energy flows, but also capital and information exchanges. The components of an industrial network encompass resource extraction, processing and refining, forming and assembly, use, disposal, as well as recycling and reprocessing. The motivation behind this research is the realisation that much of the current environmental system analysis focus within IE lacks a structured approach to considering: • system environment • dynamic nature of the system and its environment • economic and social impacts • the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes. It is argued in this thesis that current environmental analysis approaches used in IE can be improved in their capacity to capture the complexity of industrial systems, with the objective of promoting sustainable development. While IE emphasises the benefit of a systems approach to identifying environmental strategies in industry, analysis tools have to date not engaged extensively with important aspects such as the influence of system environment and dynamics on the viability of an environmental strategy, or with the economic or social impacts of industrial system development, which are equally important for sustainable development. Nor is the assessment of the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes an integral part of environmental analysis tools in IE. This is particularly significant when, in fact, the degree of uncertainty in assumptions and data used increases with the scope, and therefore the abstraction, of the system under consideration. IE will have to engage with the network and contextual complexities to a greater degree if it is to evolve from a concept to the application of its principles in practice. The main contribution of this thesis is therefore the development of a structured approach to analysing industrial networks for the purpose of identifying strategies to encourage sustainable development, while accounting for the complexity of the underlying system as well as the problem context. This analysis is intended to allow the identification of preferred network development pathways and to test the effectiveness of sustainable development strategies. A top-down, prescriptive approach is adopted for this purpose. This approach is chosen as the industrial network analysis is intended to identify how a network should develop, rather than focusing on how it could develop. Industrial networks are systems which are complex in both their structure and behaviour. This thesis also delivers a characterisation of these networks, which serves two purposes – quantifying key elements of structure and behaviour; and using this information to build a foundation for subsequent industrial network analysis. The value of such an approach can be seen in the following example. With a detailed understanding of individual network characteristics, both separately and collectively, it is possible to determine the source of issues, the means available to address them, any barriers that might exist, and the consequences of implementing any strategic interventions. The analysis approach proposed in this thesis is based on multi-criteria decisions analysis (MCDA), which, as a process, combines initial problem structuring and subsequent quantitative analysis stages. The tools employed within MCDA have been employed variously around considerations of sustainable development. Their value in this thesis is their integration within a rigorous analytical framework. Rigorous problem structuring is attractive as it helps elucidate the complexities of the system and its environment and is, by definition, designed to deal with multiple environmental social and economic criteria that would have to be considered to promote sustainable development. For the quantitative analysis, the industrial network analysis draws from existing analysis tools in IE, but predominately from other systems research disciplines, such as process systems engineering (PSE) and supply chain management (SCM). These fields, due to their maturity and practical focus, have invested a lot of research into system design and strategic planning, capturing system dynamics and uncertainty to ensure, within selected system constraints, that a proposed system or changes to a system are viable, and that the system is capable of achieving the stated objectives. Both PSE and SCM rely heavily on optimisation for system design and planning, and achieve good results with it as an analytical tool. The similarity between industrial networks and process systems / supply chains, suggests that an optimisation platform, specifically multi-objective dynamic optimisation, could be employed fruitfully for the analysis of industrial networks. This is the approach taken in this thesis. It is consistent with the “top down” approach advocated previously, which is deemed preferable for the identification and implementation analysis of strategic interventions. This enables the determination of a structure (design) that is “best” able to operate under future conditions (planning) with respect to the chosen sustainable development objectives. However, an analysis is only ever as good as its underlying data and assumptions. The complexity and scope of the industrial network and the challenge of articulating sustainable development target(s) give rise to significant uncertainties. For this reason a framework is developed within this thesis that integrates uncertainty analysis into the overall approach, to obtain insight into the robustness of the analysis results. Quantifying all the uncertainties in an industrial network model can be a daunting task for a modeller, and a decision-maker can be confused by modelling results. Means are therefore suggested to reduce the set of uncertainties that have to be engaged with, by identifying those which impact critically on model outcomes. However, even if uncertainty cannot be reduced, and the implementation of any strategy retains a degree of risk, the uncertainty analysis has the benefit that it forces an analyst to engage in more detail with the network in question, and to be more critical of the underlying assumptions. The analysis approach is applied to two case studies in this thesis: one deals with waste avoidance in an existing wood-products network in a large urban metropolis; the other with the potential for renewable energy generation in a developing economy. Together, these case studies provide a rich tableau within which to demonstrate the full features of the industrial network analysis. These case studies highlight how the context within which the relevant industrial network functions influences greatly the evolution of the network over time; how uncertainty is managed; and what strategies are preferred in each case in order to enhance the contribution of each network to sustainable development. This thesis makes an intellectual contribution in the following areas: • the characterisation of industrial networks to highlight sources of environmental issues, role the characteristics (could) play in the identification of (preferred) sustainable development strategies, and the need to explicitly consider these in a systems analysis. • the synthesis, adaptation and application of existing tools to fulfil the need for analysis tools in IE that can handle both contextual and system complexity, and address the above mentioned issues of lacking consideration of o system environment o dynamic nature of the system and its environment o economic and social impacts o the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes. • the development and demonstration of an industrial network analysis approach that o is flexible enough to model any industrial network at the inter-firm level, regardless of form and configuration of materials and products circulated, and depending on the existing network and the proposed strategies. o is able to encompass a wide range of environmental strategies, either individually or in combination depending on what best suits the situation, rather than focusing on any strategy in particular. o ensures long term viability of strategies, rather than short term solutions delivering incremental improvement. • the development of a comprehensive approach to capturing and assessing the effect of uncertainty on solution robustness for industrial network analysis, including the screening to determine the most important parameters, considering valuation and technical uncertainties, including future uncertainty. The industrial network analysis approach presented in this thesis looks more to how a network should develop (according to a set of sustainable development objectives), rather than how it may in actual fact develop. Consequently, the influence of agent interests and behaviour is not considered explicitly. This may be construed as a limitation of the industrial analysis approach. However, it is argued that the “top down” modelling approach favoured here is useful at a policy-making level. Here, for example, government instrumentalities, trade organisations and industry groupings, non-government organisations and community-based organisations are likely to be interested more in the performance of the network as a whole, rather than (necessarily) following the behaviour of individual agents within the network. Future work could well entertain the prospect of a mixed approach, in which the top-down approach of this thesis is complemented by a “bottom-up”, agent-based analysis. In this manner, it would be possible to give an indication of how attainable the identified industrial network development pathways are. Furthermore, the use of government incentives can be explored to assess if network development could approach the preferred development pathway which is identified using the methodology and results articulated in this thesis.
2
Beck, Jessica Mareile. "A Holistic Approach to Sustainability Analysis of Industrial Networks". University of Sydney. School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/3959.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Doctor of Philosophy(PhD)The aim of this thesis is to support the evaluation of sustainable development strategies for industrial networks in the context of industrial ecology (IE). Industrial networks are a group of units which carry out, or contribute to, industrial activity, and are connected by material and energy flows, but also capital and information exchanges. The components of an industrial network encompass resource extraction, processing and refining, forming and assembly, use, disposal, as well as recycling and reprocessing. The motivation behind this research is the realisation that much of the current environmental system analysis focus within IE lacks a structured approach to considering: • system environment • dynamic nature of the system and its environment • economic and social impacts • the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes. It is argued in this thesis that current environmental analysis approaches used in IE can be improved in their capacity to capture the complexity of industrial systems, with the objective of promoting sustainable development. While IE emphasises the benefit of a systems approach to identifying environmental strategies in industry, analysis tools have to date not engaged extensively with important aspects such as the influence of system environment and dynamics on the viability of an environmental strategy, or with the economic or social impacts of industrial system development, which are equally important for sustainable development. Nor is the assessment of the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes an integral part of environmental analysis tools in IE. This is particularly significant when, in fact, the degree of uncertainty in assumptions and data used increases with the scope, and therefore the abstraction, of the system under consideration. IE will have to engage with the network and contextual complexities to a greater degree if it is to evolve from a concept to the application of its principles in practice. The main contribution of this thesis is therefore the development of a structured approach to analysing industrial networks for the purpose of identifying strategies to encourage sustainable development, while accounting for the complexity of the underlying system as well as the problem context. This analysis is intended to allow the identification of preferred network development pathways and to test the effectiveness of sustainable development strategies. A top-down, prescriptive approach is adopted for this purpose. This approach is chosen as the industrial network analysis is intended to identify how a network should develop, rather than focusing on how it could develop. Industrial networks are systems which are complex in both their structure and behaviour. This thesis also delivers a characterisation of these networks, which serves two purposes – quantifying key elements of structure and behaviour; and using this information to build a foundation for subsequent industrial network analysis. The value of such an approach can be seen in the following example. With a detailed understanding of individual network characteristics, both separately and collectively, it is possible to determine the source of issues, the means available to address them, any barriers that might exist, and the consequences of implementing any strategic interventions. The analysis approach proposed in this thesis is based on multi-criteria decisions analysis (MCDA), which, as a process, combines initial problem structuring and subsequent quantitative analysis stages. The tools employed within MCDA have been employed variously around considerations of sustainable development. Their value in this thesis is their integration within a rigorous analytical framework. Rigorous problem structuring is attractive as it helps elucidate the complexities of the system and its environment and is, by definition, designed to deal with multiple environmental social and economic criteria that would have to be considered to promote sustainable development. For the quantitative analysis, the industrial network analysis draws from existing analysis tools in IE, but predominately from other systems research disciplines, such as process systems engineering (PSE) and supply chain management (SCM). These fields, due to their maturity and practical focus, have invested a lot of research into system design and strategic planning, capturing system dynamics and uncertainty to ensure, within selected system constraints, that a proposed system or changes to a system are viable, and that the system is capable of achieving the stated objectives. Both PSE and SCM rely heavily on optimisation for system design and planning, and achieve good results with it as an analytical tool. The similarity between industrial networks and process systems / supply chains, suggests that an optimisation platform, specifically multi-objective dynamic optimisation, could be employed fruitfully for the analysis of industrial networks. This is the approach taken in this thesis. It is consistent with the “top down” approach advocated previously, which is deemed preferable for the identification and implementation analysis of strategic interventions. This enables the determination of a structure (design) that is “best” able to operate under future conditions (planning) with respect to the chosen sustainable development objectives. However, an analysis is only ever as good as its underlying data and assumptions. The complexity and scope of the industrial network and the challenge of articulating sustainable development target(s) give rise to significant uncertainties. For this reason a framework is developed within this thesis that integrates uncertainty analysis into the overall approach, to obtain insight into the robustness of the analysis results. Quantifying all the uncertainties in an industrial network model can be a daunting task for a modeller, and a decision-maker can be confused by modelling results. Means are therefore suggested to reduce the set of uncertainties that have to be engaged with, by identifying those which impact critically on model outcomes. However, even if uncertainty cannot be reduced, and the implementation of any strategy retains a degree of risk, the uncertainty analysis has the benefit that it forces an analyst to engage in more detail with the network in question, and to be more critical of the underlying assumptions. The analysis approach is applied to two case studies in this thesis: one deals with waste avoidance in an existing wood-products network in a large urban metropolis; the other with the potential for renewable energy generation in a developing economy. Together, these case studies provide a rich tableau within which to demonstrate the full features of the industrial network analysis. These case studies highlight how the context within which the relevant industrial network functions influences greatly the evolution of the network over time; how uncertainty is managed; and what strategies are preferred in each case in order to enhance the contribution of each network to sustainable development. This thesis makes an intellectual contribution in the following areas: • the characterisation of industrial networks to highlight sources of environmental issues, role the characteristics (could) play in the identification of (preferred) sustainable development strategies, and the need to explicitly consider these in a systems analysis. • the synthesis, adaptation and application of existing tools to fulfil the need for analysis tools in IE that can handle both contextual and system complexity, and address the above mentioned issues of lacking consideration of o system environment o dynamic nature of the system and its environment o economic and social impacts o the effect of uncertainty on analysis outcomes. • the development and demonstration of an industrial network analysis approach that o is flexible enough to model any industrial network at the inter-firm level, regardless of form and configuration of materials and products circulated, and depending on the existing network and the proposed strategies. o is able to encompass a wide range of environmental strategies, either individually or in combination depending on what best suits the situation, rather than focusing on any strategy in particular. o ensures long term viability of strategies, rather than short term solutions delivering incremental improvement. • the development of a comprehensive approach to capturing and assessing the effect of uncertainty on solution robustness for industrial network analysis, including the screening to determine the most important parameters, considering valuation and technical uncertainties, including future uncertainty. The industrial network analysis approach presented in this thesis looks more to how a network should develop (according to a set of sustainable development objectives), rather than how it may in actual fact develop. Consequently, the influence of agent interests and behaviour is not considered explicitly. This may be construed as a limitation of the industrial analysis approach. However, it is argued that the “top down” modelling approach favoured here is useful at a policy-making level. Here, for example, government instrumentalities, trade organisations and industry groupings, non-government organisations and community-based organisations are likely to be interested more in the performance of the network as a whole, rather than (necessarily) following the behaviour of individual agents within the network. Future work could well entertain the prospect of a mixed approach, in which the top-down approach of this thesis is complemented by a “bottom-up”, agent-based analysis. In this manner, it would be possible to give an indication of how attainable the identified industrial network development pathways are. Furthermore, the use of government incentives can be explored to assess if network development could approach the preferred development pathway which is identified using the methodology and results articulated in this thesis.
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Ras, Cornelia. "An industrial ecology approach to salt-related environmental sustainability issues in a large industrial complex". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/10737.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Includes sysnopsis.Includes bibliographical references (p.93-106).
This thesis aims to demonstrate the application of industrial ecology (IE) theory to understand environmental sustainability problems relating to the accumulation of saline wastes and to study the potential for integrated technology interventions which take multi-party engagements and effects into account.
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Kinkaid, Eden. "The architecture of ecology: Systems design for sustainable agricultural landscapes". Ohio University Honors Tutorial College / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ouhonors1366983104.
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Sinha, Rajib. "Systems Modeling Approaches to Physical Resource Management : An Industrial Ecology Perspective". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Industriell ekologi, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-191327.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Many of the present problems that we are facing arise as unanticipated side-effects of our own actions. Moreover, the solutions implemented to solve important problems often create new problems. To avoid unintended consequences, understanding complex systems is essential in devising policy instruments and in improving environmental management. Thus, this thesis investigated systems modeling approaches to under- stand complex systems and monitor the environmental performance of management actions. The overall aim of the work was to investigate the usefulness of different systems modeling approaches in supporting environmental management. A driver- based, pressure-oriented approach was adopted to investigate systems modeling tools. Material/substance flow analysis, environmental footprinting, input-output analysis, process-based dynamic modeling, and systems dynamics modeling approaches were applied in different cases to investigate strengths and weaknesses of the tools in generating an understanding of complex systems. Three modeling and accounting approaches were also tested at different systems scales to support environmental mon- itoring. Static modeling approaches were identified as fundamental to map, account, and monitor physical resource metabolism in production and consumption systems, whereas dynamic modeling showed strengths in understanding complex systems. The results suggested that dynamic modeling approaches should be conducted on top of static analysis to understand the complexity of systems when devising and testing policy instruments. To achieve proactive monitoring, a pressure-based assessment was proposed instead of the mainstream impact/state-based approach. It was also concluded that the LCA community should shift the focus of its assessments to pressures instead of impacts.Många nuvarande miljö- och utvecklingsproblem har uppstått som oförutsedda biverkningar av människans egna handlingar. De lösningar som prövats har i sin tur ofta skapat nya problem. Det därför viktigt att förstå hur komplexa system fungerar och att utforma styrmedel och ledningssystem som minimerar risken för oönskade bieffekter. Den här avhandling har använt olika modelleringsmetoder för att öka förståelsen för komplexa system och bidra med kunskaper om hur miljöprestanda och förvaltningsåtgärder kan följas upp på ett mer effektivt sätt. Det övergripande syftet med arbetet var att undersöka användbarheten av olika modelleringsmetoder för att effektivisera den fysiska resurshanteringen i samhället. I arbetet har ett flödesbaserat och aktörsinriktat arbetssätt (pressure based and driver oriented approach) använts i modelleringen. Material- och substansflödesanalys, miljöfotavtryck, input-output analys, processbaserad dynamisk modellering och systemdynamiska modelleringsmetoder studerades för att undersöka styrkor och svagheter hos de olika metoderna/verktygen. Tre olika modellerings- och redovisningsmetoder för att stödja miljöövervakning testades också i olika systemskalor. Statiska modelleringsmetoder (räkenskaper) identifierades som grundläggande för att kartlägga, kontoföra och övervaka den fysiska resursmetabolismen i produktions- och konsumtionssystem, medan dynamisk modellering visade sin styrka i att skapa förståelse för komplexa system. Resultaten pekar på att dynamiska modelleringsmetoder bör användas som ett komplement till statiska analyser för att förstå komplexiteten i systemen när man utformar och testar styrmedel. För att uppnå proaktiv övervakning bör flödesbaserade räkenskaper utnyttjas i större utsträckning i stället för den vanliga tillstånds- och påverkansövervakningen (state/impact monitoring). En viktig slutsats är därför att LCA-samfundet bör flytta fokus i sina bedömningar från påverkan till flöden.
QC 20160830
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Assefa, Getachew. "On sustainability assessment of technical systems : experience from systems analysis with the ORWARE and EcoEffect tools /". Doctoral thesis, Stockholm : Division of Industrial Ecology, Deparment of Chemical Engineering, School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Royal Institute of Technology, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-550.
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Athanassiadis, Aristide. "Towards more comprehensive urban environmental assessments: Exploring the complex relationship between urban and metabolic profiles". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2016. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/232139/5/contrataa.pdf.
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Urban areas cover 2% of the Earth’s land surface, host more than 50% of global population and are estimated to account for around 75% of CO2 emissions from global energy use. In order to mitigate existing and future direct and indirect environmental pressures resulting from urban resource use, it is necessary to investigate and better understand resource and pollution flows associated with urban systems.Current urban environmental assessment methodologies enable the quantification of resource use and pollution emissions flows entering, becoming stocked and exiting urban areas. While these methodologies enable to estimate the environmental effect of cities, they often consider urban areas as being static and homogeneous systems. This partial and simplistic representation shadows the complex spatio-temporal interrelationships between the local context and its associated local and global environmental pressures. This characterisation of urban systems is a significant limitation, not only for the urban environmental assessments, but also for the identification of their drivers as it may lead to inadequate urban environmental policies. To overcome this limitation and effectively reduce glocal urban environmental pressures, it is necessary to better understand the complex functioning of cities and identify their drivers.This research developed a comprehensive urban environmental assessment framework that helps to better explicit and understand the complex relationship between an urban system and its environmental profile in a systemic and systematic way. This framework was applied to the case study of Brussels Capital Region (BCR).Results from the application of this framework show that urban systems are neither static nor homogeneous. In fact, different relationships between the urban and metabolic profiles appear when considering different spatial scales and temporal intervals as well as different urban and metabolic metrics. The establishment of BCR’s urban profile showed that components that shape the urban system evolve in an organic way over time. Moreover, the spatial expression of an urban system portrays its heterogeneous aspect and how different metrics of the same urban indicator can reveal distinct facets and challenges for an urban area or a neighbourhood. Finally, it was demonstrated that the relationship between urban indicators is different for each spatial scale and therefore knowledge from one spatial scale is not necessarily transferable from one scale to another. The establishment and analysis of BCR’s metabolic profile also underlined the complex functioning of cities as each flow has a different temporal evolution and spatial expression. Due to the multifaceted and intertwined aspect of metabolic flows it becomes clear that no single parameter enables to explain or predict their behaviour. This leads to the conclusion that a great number of questions still need to be considered, understood and answered before effectively and coherently reducing environmental pressures from cities. The developed framework proposes a number of concrete steps that enable existing and new cities to better understand their metabolic functioning and ultimately transition towards less environmentally harmful futures.Doctorat en Art de bâtir et urbanisme (Polytechnique)
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Morales, Manuel E. "Industrial symbiosis, a model of strong sustainability : an analysis of two case studies, Tampico and Dunkirk". Thesis, Université Clermont Auvergne (2017-2020), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019CLFAD008.
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La symbiose industrielle (SI) est présentée comme une stratégie organisationnelle d’innovation sociale inter-entreprises, visant à optimiser les flux de matières et d’énergie, mais également la durabilité structurelle. Dans cette étude, la pensée systémique et la proximité géographique constituent les deux piliers du cadre théorique de la symbiose industrielle. La dynamique des systèmes et son utilisation des diagrammes de boucles causales, permet d’identifier les variables clés (key drivers) qui renforcent ou régulent les systèmes industriels. L’analyse de la SI s’inscrit dans un corpus théorique qui conceptualise l’industrie en tant qu’écosystème complexe à l’intérieur duquel des approches qualitatives et quantitatives peuvent être intégrées, de manière à englober la complexité du système et les motivations des parties prenantes. Un avantage important de la méthodologie utilisée repose sur sa capacité à intégrer la dimension sociale d’un territoire ou d’un réseau d’entreprises. La structure des interactions causales entre les acteurs de la symbiose joue ici un rôle important, car en façonnant les comportements individuels dans un contexte social, la symbiose industrielle offre un degré de coopération permettant de surmonter les dilemmes sociaux auxquels sont confrontés les parties prenantes. Les scénarios proposés dans cette étude sont ainsi susceptibles de prendre en compte la diversité des motivations des acteurs au sein d’une symbiose industrielle. A partir des études de cas, Altamira (Mexique) et Dunkerque (France), nous avons cherché à identifier les boucles qui renforcent ou régulent la durabilité de la symbiose industrielle. Trois dynamiques ont été mises en avant : « le rapport Efficacité / Résilience », « la gouvernance de la symbiose industrielle » et « le rôle des réseaux de recyclage dans la valorisation des coproduits ». L’intégration de la dimension sociale dans l’analyse des systèmes complexes est préconisée pour améliorer la compréhension de la dynamique de la SI. Ce travail de recherche ouvre de nombreuses perspectives en matière d’analyse des systèmes sociaux, que ce soit l’étude du métabolisme urbain ou la mise en place d’un programme bioéconomiqueIndustrial symbiosis (IS) is presented as an inter-firm organizational strategy with the aim of social innovation that targets material and energy flow optimization, but also structural sustainability. In this study, we present systems thinking and geographical proximity as the theoretical framework used to analyze industrial symbiosis through a methodology based on System Dynamics and the underpinning use of Causal Loop Diagrams, aiming to identify the main drivers and hindrances that reinforce or balance the industrial symbiosis’s sustainability. The understanding of industrial symbiosis is embedded in a theoretical framework that conceptualizes industry as a complex ecosystem in which qualitative and quantitative approaches can be integrated, if we use a methodology flexible enough to encompass the complexity of the stakeholder’s values and motivations in the same analysis. Furthermore, the methodology performs a comparative strength over descriptive statistical forecasting, because it is able to integrate social causal rationality when estimating attractiveness in a region or individual firm’s potential. The stakeholders’ influence becomes essential to the complex understanding of this institution, because by shaping individual behavior in a social context, industrial symbiosis provides a degree of cooperation in order to overcome social dilemmas for actors like the tension between efficiency/resilience, who cannot be achieved by their own. The proposed narrative encourages us to draw up scenarios, integrating variables from different motivational value in the industrial symbiosis. We use the Altamira and the Dunkirk case studies to explain the role of geographical systems analysis, identifying loops that reinforce or regulate the sustainability of industrial symbiosis, and three drivers: “Efficiency/Resilience dilemma”, “Industrial symbiosis governance”, and “The role of global recycling networks in the by-product valorization”. The social dimension integration in the analysis of a complex system is indeed applied to enhance the understanding of IS dynamics, but a great potential is foreseen for other micro-level social systems like for example urban metabolism dynamics or bio-economy
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Martinez, MaryAnn. "Human Centeredness: The Foundation for Leadership-as-Practice in Complex Local/Regional Food Networks". Antioch University / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=antioch1624179376157514.
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Thomson, Sean Richard. "Methane Production by a Packed-Bed Anaerobic Digester Fed Dairy Barn Flush Water". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2014. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/1329.
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Packed-bed digesters are an alternative to covered lagoon digesters for methane production and anaerobic treatment of dilute wastewaters such as dairy barn flush water. The physical media of packed-beds retain biofilms, often allowing increased treatment rates. Previous studies have evaluated several types of media for digestion of dilute wastewaters, but cost and media fouling have setback commercial development. A major operational cost has been effluent recirculation pumping.
In the present effort, a novel approach to anaerobic digestion of flush dairy water was developed at pilot-scale: broken walnut shells were used as a low-cost packed-bed medium and effluent recirculation was replaced by reciprocation mixing to decrease pumping costs and the risk of media clogging.
Three packed-bed digesters containing walnut shells as media were constructed at the on-campus dairy and studied for about six months. Over that time, several organic loading rates (OLRs), measured as both chemical oxygen demand (COD) and volatile solids (VS) were applied to the new packed-bed digesters to allow modeling of methane production. The influence of temperature on methane production was also investigated. Additionally, the study measured solids accumulation in the walnut shell packed-bed as well as the effectiveness and durability of walnut shells as packing media. Finally, a simple economic analysis was developed from the methane model to predict the financial feasibility of packed-bed digesters at flush water dairies under similar OLR conditions.
Three methane production models were developed from organic loading: saturation-type (following the form of the Monod equation), power and linear. The models were evaluated in terms of regression analysis and the linearity of experimental to predicted methane production. The best model was then chosen to develop the economic predictions. Economic predictions for packed-bed digesters were calculated as internal rate of return (IRR) using the methane models along with additional input variables. Comparisons of IRRs were made using electric retail rates of $0.10 to $0.20 per kilowatt-hour and capital cost subsidies from zero to 50%.
Sludge accumulation in the packed-bed was measured via change in porosity, and walnut shell durability was measured as the change in mass of representative walnut shells over the course of the study.
The linear-type model of methane production from volatile solids OLR best represented this data set. Digester temperature was not found to influence methane production in this study, likely due to the small daily average ambient temperature range experienced (14°C to 24°C) and the greater influence of organic loading. Porosity of the walnut shell packed-bed decreased from 0.70 at startup to 0.34±0.06 at the end of the six-month study, indicating considerable media fouling. Sludge accumulated in each digester from zero at startup to 281±46 liters at termination. Walnut shells in the packed-bed lost on average 31.4±6.3% mass during the study period which may be attributed to degradation of more readily bio-degradable cellulose and hemi-cellulose within the walnut shells.
Given the predicted methane production and media life, at present, the economic outlook for packed-bed digesters at commercial dairies is quite dependent on utility electrical rates, available subsidies and future improvements to packed-bed digester technology. The predicted IRRs ranged from below 0% (at 0% capital subsidy and $0.10/kWh) up to 25% (at 50% capital subsidy and $0.20/kWh) at large dairies (3000 milking cows). Increases in organic loading were not shown to necessarily increase IRR, particularly at OLRs above 10 g/Lliquid-d (as COD or VS). Ultimately, to better assess the value of packed-bed digesters for flush dairies, additional study is needed on topics such as sludge accumulation prevention, long-term walnut shell degradation, dairy barn flush water mixing, and more detailed economic analysis.
Książki na temat "Sustainability, industrial ecology, complex systems"
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Desideri, Umberto, Giampaolo Manfrida i Enrico Sciubba, red. ECOS 2012. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/978-88-6655-322-9.
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The 8-volume set contains the Proceedings of the 25th ECOS 2012 International Conference, Perugia, Italy, June 26th to June 29th, 2012. ECOS is an acronym for Efficiency, Cost, Optimization and Simulation (of energy conversion systems and processes), summarizing the topics covered in ECOS: Thermodynamics, Heat and Mass Transfer, Exergy and Second Law Analysis, Process Integration and Heat Exchanger Networks, Fluid Dynamics and Power Plant Components, Fuel Cells, Simulation of Energy Conversion Systems, Renewable Energies, Thermo-Economic Analysis and Optimisation, Combustion, Chemical Reactors, Carbon Capture and Sequestration, Building/Urban/Complex Energy Systems, Water Desalination and Use of Water Resources, Energy Systems- Environmental and Sustainability Issues, System Operation/ Control/Diagnosis and Prognosis, Industrial Ecology.
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Lewis, M. Dispersal, Individual Movement and Spatial Ecology: A Mathematical Perspective. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2013.
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Ilona, Pillai, red. Environmental management systems: Understanding organisational drivers and barriers. London: Earthscan, 2005.
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Ecological Sustainability: Understanding Complex Issues. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Connor, Anne N., i Robert B. Northrop. Ecological Sustainability: Understanding Complex Issues. Taylor & Francis Group, 2017.
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Connor, Anne N., i Robert B. Northrop. Ecological Sustainability: Understanding Complex Issues. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Connor, Anne N., i Robert B. Northrop. Ecological Sustainability: Understanding Complex Issues. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Northrop, Robert B. Ecological Sustainability: Understanding Complex Issues. Taylor & Francis Group, 2013.
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Karakiewicz, Justyna, i Thomas Kvan. Urban Galapagos: Transition to Sustainability in Complex Adaptive Systems. Springer, 2018.
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Tinsley, Stephen, i Ilona Pillai. Environmental Management Systems: Understanding Organizational Drivers and Barriers. Earthscan, 2006.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Sustainability, industrial ecology, complex systems"
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Yankovskaya, Veronika V. "Digital Transformations in the Agro-industrial Complex". W The Challenge of Sustainability in Agricultural Systems, 167–75. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73097-0_20.
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Revzon, Oksana A., Maxim P. Pochekutov i Tatiana I. Aksyonova. "Sources of Innovation Financing in Industrial Clusters". W Complex Systems: Innovation and Sustainability in the Digital Age, 295–99. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58823-6_32.
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Shafirov, Valeriy G., Natalia S. Serdyuk i Evgeniy E. Mozhaev. "Strategic Directions for Improving the Management System of Agro-Industrial Complex". W The Challenge of Sustainability in Agricultural Systems, 11–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73097-0_2.
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Parfenova, Valentina E., Galina G. Bulgakova, Konstantin I. Kostyukov, Svetlana Yu Shamrina i Asya Ts Ionova. "Smart Methods in Management Decisions-Making in the Agro-Industrial Complex". W The Challenge of Sustainability in Agricultural Systems, 433–40. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-72110-7_46.
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Antsiferova, Olga Yu, Ekaterina V. Ivanova, Ekaterina A. Myagkova, Alexander V. Strelnikov i Larisa M. Petrova. "Digital Technologies for Innovative and Sustainable Development of the Agro-Industrial Complex as a Complex Socio-Economic System". W The Challenge of Sustainability in Agricultural Systems, 355–63. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-73097-0_40.
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Tarnacki, Katharina M., Thomas Melin i Sabina Jeschke. "Water Saving in a Complex Industrial System – Evaluation of the Sustainability of Options with System Dynamics". W Complex Systems Design & Management, 267–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02812-5_20.
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Polukhin, Andrey A., Sergey D. Knyazev i Ivan A. Efremov. "The Conceptual Model of Innovative Development of Industrial Gardening". W Complex Systems: Innovation and Sustainability in the Digital Age, 333–45. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44703-8_36.
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Kulaykin, Sergey V., i Andrey K. Markov. "Improving the Management System of the Agricultural and Industrial Complex". W Complex Systems: Innovation and Sustainability in the Digital Age, 449–54. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44703-8_48.
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Sandu, Ivan S., Aleksandr S. Troshin i Yuri N. Bozhkov. "Peculiarities of Digital Transformations in the Regional Agro-Industrial Complex". W Complex Systems: Innovation and Sustainability in the Digital Age, 337–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58823-6_37.
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Velibekova, Louisa A., Magomed-Rasul A. Kaziyev i Gasan D. Dogeev. "The Problems of Introducing Innovative Technologies in Industrial Gardening in Dagestan". W Complex Systems: Innovation and Sustainability in the Digital Age, 307–14. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-44703-8_33.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Sustainability, industrial ecology, complex systems"
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Bailey, Reid, Janet K. Allen, Bert Bras i Farrokh Mistree. "A System Level Approach to the Design of an Industrial Ecosystem". W ASME 1997 Design Engineering Technical Conferences. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc97/dac-3962.
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Abstract Industrial ecology is a nascent concept in which systems of industries work together to reduce their net negative environmental impact. The work in this paper represents an initial step towards the advancement of industrial ecology through quantitative analysis. A system dynamics model of an existing industrial ecosystem is developed in STELLA® and used to represent the system level behavior. A design tool, the Robust Concept Exploration Method (RCEM), that has been used previously for more traditional design problems, e.g., engine design and airplane design, is successfully applied to the system level design of an industrial ecosystem. The results in this paper are intended to provide support for decision makers in complex industrial ecosystems and, more importantly, to increase the knowledge about designing industrial ecosystems. As the concept of industrial ecology progresses, the analysis of ecosystems will become more complex, increasing the need for design at the system level to be addressed with tools such as the RCEM.
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Layton, Astrid, Bert Bras i Marc Weissburg. "Ecological Robustness as a Design Principle for Sustainable Industrial Systems". W ASME 2015 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2015-47560.
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Ecology has acted as a source for sound design principles and studies have examined how ecological principles can enhance sustainability in human industrial networks. Engineered systems are often designed for maximum performance, but in many cases robustness is sought with respect to unwanted variations in input or other parameters. Taguchi’s signal to noise ratio and other quality engineering principles are well known fundamentals in the field of robust design. In this paper, we will introduce flow-based equations from ecological network analysis (ENA) to determine how to modify the flows and connections in industrial systems to balance efficiency and robustness against disturbances. In ENA, the robustness of a system is given by the relationship of flow path diversity to system efficiency. Systems with diverse flows are more resilient to a disturbance since there are redundant pathways, but are inefficient precisely because they contain many flow paths with the same endpoints. Efficient systems have increased capacity to transfer material and energy, but this is at the cost of fewer pathways so the system is brittle. Thus, given a disturbance, a robust system balances redundancy with efficiency/capacity. Ecological systems seem to occupy a narrow range of states that balance efficiency and resilience to confer robustness. Human networks, like trade networks, water reclamation facilities, etc. have been analyzed using these robustness principles and methods for flow based ecological network analysis. These analyses show that human networks may be more brittle than their ecological counterparts because of insufficient flow path diversity.
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Mironenko, Aleksey, Sergey Matveev, Vasiliy Slavskiy i A. Revin. "FOREST ASSESSMENT AND ACCOUNTING SOFTWARE". W Modern machines, equipment and IT solutions for industrial complex: theory and practice. FSBE Institution of Higher Education Voronezh State University of Forestry and Technologies named after G.F. Morozov, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.34220/mmeitsic2021_250-255.
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Forestry in Russia is experiencing a great need for digital technologies that can form and generalize existing databases. All participants are interested in the development of digital technologies in forest management, from the end user of forest resources to public authorities in the field of forest relations. At the same time, the modern level of forestry software requires modernization to solve specific problems. The team of the Department of Forestry, Forest Inventory and Forest Inventory of VGFTU has developed a number of automated systems that allow to quickly solve scientific and production problems in the field of forestry, ecology and nature management. The importance and relevance of this work is reflected in the “Strategy for the development of the forestry complex of the Russian Federation for the period up to 2030”.The modularity and scalability of such systems allows the authors to quickly make adjustments to their source code, which allows keeping the software up to date, which meets the modern requirements of the legal framework of the forestry sector.
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Lee, Christine, Andy Walker i Moncef Krarti. "Development of an Hourly Optimization Tool for Renewable Energy Systems". W ASME 2010 4th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2010-90357.
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An hourly optimization tool is developed to select and size renewable energy (RE) systems to meet the energy needs for various federal facilities. The optimization is based on life cost analysis of various RE technologies including wind and PV systems. The developed hourly optimization tool is used to evaluate the cost-effectiveness of RE technologies using complex energy and demand charges such time-of-use (TOU) rates. The paper compares results obtained using hourly analysis instead of annual based calculations to optimize the sizing of RE systems for residential, commercial, and industrial facilities in three representative US climates.
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Li, Yunpeng, i Utpal Roy. "A STEP-Based Approach Toward Cooperative Product Design for Sustainability". W ASME 2014 International Design Engineering Technical Conferences and Computers and Information in Engineering Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/detc2014-34510.
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Industries often employ heterogeneous computer aided tools (CAD/CAE/CAM) to carry out complex product designs and simulations resulting in a need for data sharing, data exchange, and computational activities. Nowadays the concept of “Design for Sustainability (DfS)” heightens this challenge, as most DfS approaches especially the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) involve large amounts of data collection, sharing and computation tasks throughout the product life cycle. ISO 10303, also known as STEP (STandard for the Exchange of Product model data), has evolved for several decades and provides a set of standards for industrial automation systems and integration. In this paper, we propose a STEP-based collaborative framework to integrate heterogeneous CAD tools, LCA tools and other necessary computational tools to support cooperative product design for sustainability. The geometric information from CAD tools and the material/process information from material/process databases are formally represented in suitable STEP application protocols (APs). An agent is implemented to parse the geometric and non-geometric information encoded in STEP data format, and compose them into a complete product tree represented with a NIST CPM (Core Product Model) based information model. The information in the product tree is then evaluated by a LCA tool to obtain environmental impact score. The feasibility and benefits of the proposed methodology have been illustrated with a typical stapler product.
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Burdett, Tim, Jason Gregg i Kenneth Van Treuren. "An Examination of the Effect of Reynolds Number on Airfoil Performance". W ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54720.
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The standard of living throughout the world has increased dramatically over the last 30 years and is projected to continue to rise. This growth leads to an increased demand on conventional energy sources, such as fossil fuels. However, these are finite resources. Thus, there is an increasing demand for alternative energy sources, such as wind energy. Much of current wind turbine research focuses on large-scale (>1 MW), technologically-complex wind turbines installed in areas of high average wind speed (>20 mph). An alternative approach is to focus on small-scale (1–10kW), technologically-simple wind turbines built to produce power in low wind regions. While these turbines may not be as efficient as the large-scale systems, they require less industrial support and a less complicated electrical grid since the power can be generated at the consumer’s location. To pursue this approach, a design methodology for small-scale wind turbines must be developed and validated. This paper addresses one element of this methodology, airfoil performance prediction. In the traditional design process, an airfoil is selected and published lift and drag curves are used to optimize the blade twist and predict performance. These published curves are typically generated using either experimental testing or a numeric code, such as PROFIL (the Eppler Airfoil Design and Analysis Code) or XFOIL. However, the published curves often represent performance over a different range of Reynolds numbers than the actual design conditions. Wind turbines are typically designed from 2-D airfoil data, so having accurate airfoil data for the design conditions is critical. This is particularly crucial for small-scale, fixed-pitched wind turbines, which typically operate at low Reynolds numbers (<500,000) where airfoil performance can change significantly with Reynolds number. From a simple 2-D approach, the ideal operating condition for an airfoil to produce torque is the angle of attack at which lift is maximized and drag is minimized, so prediction of this angle will be compared using experimental and simulated data. Theoretical simulations in XFOIL of the E387 airfoil, designed for low Reynolds numbers, suggest that this optimum angle for design is Reynolds number dependent, predicting a difference of 2.25° over a Reynolds number range of 460,000 to 60,000. Published experimental data for the E387 airfoil demonstrate a difference of 2.0° over this same Reynolds number range. Data taken in the Baylor University Subsonic Wind Tunnel for the S823 airfoil shows a similar trend. This paper examines data for the E387 and S823 airfoils at low Reynolds numbers (75,000, 150,000, and 200,000 for the S823) and compares the experimental data with XFOIL predictions and published PROFIL predictions.
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Rauch, Christian, Thomas Ho¨rmann, Sebastian Jagsch i Raimund Almbauer. "An Efficient Software Architecture for Automated Coupling of Convection and Thermal Radiation Tools". W ASME 2008 Heat Transfer Summer Conference collocated with the Fluids Engineering, Energy Sustainability, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ht2008-56303.
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Much attention has been paid recently by research and development engineers on performing multi-physics calculations. One way to do this is to couple commercial tools for examining complex systems. Since the proposal of an software architecture for coupling programs as published in a previous paper significant changes have led to an improved performance for large-scale industrial applications. This architecture is being described and as a proof of concept a simulation is being conducted by coupling two commercial solvers. The speed-up of the new system is being presented. The simulation results are then compared with measurements of surface temperatures of an exhaust system of an actual sports utilities vehicle (SUV) and conclusions are being drawn. The proposed architecture is easily adaptable to various programs as it is implemented in C++ and changes for a specific code can be restricted to a view classes.
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Hamza, Aliyu. "Rejigging of the Management and Operations of Student Industrial Work Experience Scheme in Tertiary Institutions in Nigeria: A Case Study of NOUN". W Tenth Pan-Commonwealth Forum on Open Learning. Commonwealth of Learning, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.56059/pcf10.544.
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In the transition to a post pandemic world, educational institutions are faced with the challenge of helping to build a more responsive and robust education system in the volatile, uncertain, complex, and ambiguous present and future. This requires critical reflection on lessons learned during the pandemic, reimagining the future of higher education as well as institutional directions, and adopting new strategies for development. This session describes a program to build the capacity of Philippine colleges and universities in this important work. // The Sustainable Institution Building for Open Learning (SIBOL) initiative, as it is called, aims to provide participating higher education institutions with training and mentoring in planning, managing, and sustaining blended, online, and open learning (BOL) programs. Phase 1 of SIBOL consists of seven online training modules, delivered synchronously and asynchronously, on planning BOL programs; systems for BOL materials development, technology management, faculty development, and student support; quality assurance; and research and innovation for sustainability of BOL. Phase 2 is a mentoring program for participating institutions as they implement their BOL institutional strategy. This second phase also aims to strengthen institutional collaboration and networking towards building the open and distance learning ecosystem in the Philippines. // In this paper, early findings from the design, development, and pilot implementation of SIBOL are discussed. SIBOL was conceptualized as UPOU’s pilot project under the EU-funded Advancing Equity and Access to Higher Education through Open and Distance Learning (BUKA) project.
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Rafaj, Milan, i Stefan Valcuha. "Technology Solution for Small and Medium Sized Enterprises". W ASME 2014 12th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2014-20374.
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Generally product lifecycle management (PLM) is characterized as an integrated management process of product information and related processes across the product lifecycle. PLM affects development time of product and optimize the cooperation of all components of the development process of products. Therefore attention has to be paid to this fact in production and research. Processes across the entire product lifecycle management are complex and it is difficult to support various levels of cooperation. It is necessary to identify technological solutions to facilitate the implementation of PLM systems into processes of product life cycle. In the paper is presented derivation of technology solutions for PLM (product lifecycle information modeling and management, product lifecycle knowledge management, design chain management, product lifecycle process management, product trade exchange, collaborative product service and product lifecycle portal for stakeholder, developer, customer, manufacturer and supplier) and applications of advanced information technologies for implementation of PLM. In the paper is also described the technological solution which was developed to meet industrial requirements and obtain long term sustainability in today’s highly competitive market. Currently, still only a few small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) uses real benefits that PLM offers. The small and medium-sized enterprises also try to implement those technologies but, despite their flexibility, they have difficulties in structuring and exchanging information. Enterprises also have problems in creating data models for structuring and sharing product information, especially in the context of extended enterprises. It is caused by several factors that may have information, technical and financial character. Article refers and highlights the benefits that PLM brings by extension of PLM into so called “Closed-Loop Lifecycle Management (CL2M)”. It also describes the major barriers to the implementation of PLM in SME and propose possible solutions.
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Goodbody, Stephen A. "Successfully Eliminating the Barriers to Solar Photovoltaic Implementation". W ASME 2008 2nd International Conference on Energy Sustainability collocated with the Heat Transfer, Fluids Engineering, and 3rd Energy Nanotechnology Conferences. ASMEDC, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2008-54247.
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For the majority of commercial and industrial facilities in the United States, electrical power represents a significant portion of their total operating costs and a cost over which they have little or no control. The cost of electrical power has risen dramatically during the past three years, and is projected to continue to increase due to uncertainties in global fuel supply, production investments necessary to meet increasing demand, increased maintenance and repair costs of aging production and transmission infrastructure, the decommissioning and remediation of life-expired generating facilities, and the implementation of increasingly stringent pollution control measures. These trends and influences are seen, to a greater or lesser extent, across the entire nation, but their impact upon the northeast and mid-Atlantic states of Connecticut, Maryland, New Jersey and Delaware has been particularly significant. While solar photovoltaic systems can provide an excellent on-site power source for many commercial and industrial facilities, and would reduce the burden on the existing, over-stretched and aging national power transmission infrastructure, the high capital cost of solar photovoltaic systems represents a significant barrier to the wide-scale commercial adoption of this technology. In an attempt to overcome this barrier, individual states are implementing a variety of rebate and incentive programs designed to promote the installation and use of solar power systems. However a unifying Federal Renewable Portfolio Standard does not presently exist and the complex administration demand of state programs represents a further barrier to adoption for many companies. Further, while a Federal Investment Tax Credit is available, certain organizations for whom solar photovoltaic power would otherwise be an attractive cost-saving opportunity, notably municipalities and non-profits, are generally unable to take advantage of this benefit. In response to this unsatisfactory situation, Soltage, Inc. designs, installs, operates, maintains, and retains ownership of commercial-scale solar photovoltaic power stations at client sites, providing solar-generated power directly to the client. Our customers incur no capital, maintenance or operating costs, and have no administrative burden beyond purchasing solar-generated power at rates that are below their existing utility rate and which are stabilized and guaranteed into the future. For our clients, this is their most effective means of controlling and stabilizing energy expenses in the immediate and long terms. For our nation, this is the key to rapidly implementing the adoption and scale-up of solar photovoltaic power, with all of its inherent benefits.