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Hochheimer, Camille J. "Methods for evaluating dropout attrition in survey data". VCU Scholars Compass, 2019. https://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/5735.
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As researchers increasingly use web-based surveys, the ease of dropping out in the online setting is a growing issue in ensuring data quality. One theory is that dropout or attrition occurs in phases that can be generalized to phases of high dropout and phases of stable use. In order to detect these phases, several methods are explored. First, existing methods and user-specified thresholds are applied to survey data where significant changes in the dropout rate between two questions is interpreted as the start or end of a high dropout phase. Next, survey dropout is considered as a time-to-event outcome and tests within change-point hazard models are introduced. Performance of these change-point hazard models is compared. Finally, all methods are applied to survey data on patient cancer screening preferences, testing the null hypothesis of no phases of attrition (no change-points) against the alternative hypothesis that distinct attrition phases exist (at least one change-point).
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AGUIAR, MILENA CABRAL. "ROOT CAUSE ANALYSIS: SURVEY METHODS AND EXEMPLIFATION". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2014. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=23437@1.
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PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIROCOORDENAÇÃO DE APERFEIÇOAMENTO DO PESSOAL DE ENSINO SUPERIOR
PROGRAMA DE SUPORTE À PÓS-GRADUAÇÃO DE INSTS. DE ENSINO
Grandes desafios surgiram para as organizações devido ao avanço tecnológico ocorrido nos últimos tempos. Qualidade no produto não é mais um meio para se obter vantagem competitiva, mas sim uma necessidade para as organizações manterem seus clientes. Deste modo, formas para que a qualidade esteja cada vez mais presente nas organizações se fazem necessárias. Neste contexto, os objetivos do presente trabalho são estudar os principais métodos de análise de causa raiz da literatura, apresentando suas etapas, características, peculiaridades, comparação, e exemplificar a aplicação desses métodos. Uma vez conhecidos pelas organizações, a aplicação de tais métodos pode prevenir recorrência de falhas, levando às organizações a um nível superior de qualidade, aumento de produtividade, e consequentemente maior satisfação dos clientes. A pesquisa foi iniciada pelo levantamento e estudo dos métodos apontados em referências acadêmicas, Método dos 5 por quês, Diagrama de Ishikawa, Análise de Barreira de Controle, Gráfico de Fator Causal e Evento (GFCE), Análise de Árvore de Falhas (AAF) e Mapa de Causa Raiz, seguidos da apresentação de um exemplo de falha elaborado no contexto de uma indústria manufatureira metal-mecânica. Cada método foi aplicado ao problema de não conformidade. Os resultados dos métodos foram comparados e em seguida as vantagens e desvantagens dos métodos foram destacadas. Os Métodos 5 por quês, Diagrama de Ishikawa e Análise de Barreira de Controle foram considerados mais adequados para problemas considerados simples em uma organização industrial. Já para problemas considerados complexos, cujas causas raízes não são facilmente identificadas, os métodos GFCE, AAF e Mapa de Causa Raiz foram considerados os mais indicados.
Great challenges emerged for organizations due to technological advance occurred in recent times. Product quality is no longer a means to gain competitive advantage, but a necessity for organizations to keep their customers. Thus, ways in which quality is increasingly present in organizations are necessary to facilitate its implementation. In this context, the objectives of this work are to study the major methods of root cause analysis of the literature, with its stages, features, peculiarities, comparison, and exemplify the application of these methods. Once known by the organizations, the application of such methods can prevent recurrence of failures, leading organizations to a higher level of quality, increased productivity, and thus increased customer satisfaction. This research was initiated by the survey and study of methods aimed at academic references, 5 Whys, Ishikawa Diagram, Control Barrier Analysis, Event and Causal Factor Charting, Fault Tree Analysis and Root Cause Map, followed by the presentation of an example fault developed in the context of a metalworking manufacturing. Each method was applied to the problem of non-compliance. The results of both methods are compared and then the advantages and disadvantages of both methods are highlighted. 5 Whys, Ishikawa Diagram and Control Barrier Analysis were considered appropriated to simple problems in an industrial organization. In complex problems cases, which root causes are not easily identified, Event and Causal Factor Charting, Fault Tree Analysis and Root Cause Map were considered more appropriated.
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Perrins, Erik, i Michael Rice. "SURVEY OF DETECTION METHODS FOR ARTM CPM". International Foundation for Telemetering, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/605338.
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International Telemetering Conference Proceedings / October 18-21, 2004 / Town & Country Resort, San Diego, CaliforniaThe ARTM Tier-2 waveform, called “ARTM CPM” in IRIG 106-04, has almost three times the spectral efficiency of PCM/FM and approximately the same detection efficiency. The improved spectral efficiency comes at the price of computational complexity in the receiver. The optimum receiver requires 128 real-valued matched filters and keeps track of the waveform state with a trellis of 512 states and 2048 branches. Various complexity reducing techniques are applied and the resulting loss in detection efficiency is quantified. It is shown that the full 512-state trellis is not required to achieve the desired detection efficiency: two different 32-state configurations were found to perform within one tenth of a dB of optimal. Noncoherent techniques are also evaluated. It is shown that the required complexity can be quite large to achieve a respectable detection efficiency. One noncoherent technique performed within 1.9 dB of the optimal with only 64 states, which is significant when considering the additional complexity savings of not having to track the carrier phase.
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Galicher, R., C. Marois, B. Macintosh, B. Zuckerman, T. Barman, Q. Konopacky, I. Song i in. "The International Deep Planet Survey". EDP SCIENCES S A, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/622797.
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Context. Radial velocity and transit methods are effective for the study of short orbital period exoplanets but they hardly probe objects at large separations for which direct imaging can be used. Aims. We carried out the international deep planet survey of 292 young nearby stars to search for giant exoplanets and determine their frequency. Methods. We developed a pipeline for a uniform processing of all the data that we have recorded with NIRC2/Keck II, NIRI/Gemini North, NICI/Gemini South, and NACO/VLT for 14 yr. The pipeline first applies cosmetic corrections and then reduces the speckle intensity to enhance the contrast in the images. Results. The main result of the international deep planet survey is the discovery of the HR8799 exoplanets. We also detected 59 visual multiple systems including 16 new binary stars and 2 new triple stellar systems, as well as 2279 point-like sources. We used Monte Carlo simulations and the Bayesian theorem to determine that 1.05(-0.70)(+2.80)% of stars harbor at least one giant planet between 0.5 and 14 MJ and between 20 and 300AU. This result is obtained assuming uniform distributions of planet masses and semi-major axes. If we consider power law distributions as measured for close-in planets instead, the derived frequency is 2.30(-1.55)(+5.95)%, recalling the strong impact of assumptions on Monte Carlo output distributions. We also find no evidence that the derived frequency depends on the mass of the hosting star, whereas it does for close-in planets. Conclusions. The international deep planet survey provides a database of confirmed background sources that may be useful for other exoplanet direct imaging surveys. It also puts new constraints on the number of stars with at least one giant planet reducing by a factor of two the frequencies derived by almost all previous works.
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Siripornpibul, Taweesak. "Survey designs and compensation methods for nonresponse problems". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Mathematics and Statistics, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5496.
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This thesis is a comparative study of the unit nonresponse problem. Simulation based on the summary report of the 1997 Thailand Industrial Survey is used to investigate efficient survey designs. Research questions are (1) Which design is best for conducting large-scale surveys such as the Thailand Establishment Survey with nonresponse problems? (2) Which compensation method can reduce the effects from nonresponse problems?
This study begins with an extensive review which brings together the theory of the methods for compensating nonresponse. The simulation compares across all combination of survey designs and compensation methods, thus extending the work of other researchers. In the simulation study there are various sampling designs and compensation methods. Other factors that are considered are sample size, response rates, and types of response (dependent and independent). Nonrespondent subsampling is used to compensate unit nonresponse during the data collection phase. Nonrespondent subsampling methods used in this thesis are one- and two-subsampling schemes. Weighting adjustment procedures and imputation methods are used in the estimation phase. The response mechanisms for weighting adjustment procedures and imputation methods are a naive model and a random homogeneity (RHG) model. In addition a new weighting adjustment method called the bias-removal adjustment method is proposed. Methods for dealing with nonresponse are compared by using bias, variance and design effect.
The main conclusion were, whenever possible, a complex survey design should be used, e.g. stratified or post-stratified sampling with unequal probability of selection. The best method to compensate for nonresponse is nonrespondent subsampling. If subsampling is too costly RHG model with weighting adjustment or with imputation is recommended. For example in weighting adjustment method, the population-based should be used in equal probability sampling with or without replacement. For unequal probability sampling, the sample-based methods should be used in sampling without replacement and the bias-removal method should be used in sampling without replacement. In imputation method, multiple imputation with regression or methods related with regression should be used combined with weighting adjustment procedures described above for each survey design. An algorithm for dealing with nonresponse is presented.
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Bäckström, Philip. "A SURVEY COMPARING DIFFERENT METHODS FOR CLASSIFYING TRAJECTORIES". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för datavetenskap, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-175884.
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In machine learning considering classification of GPS trajectories, there is a lot of different methods to classify a certain trajectory. There is also a lot of different methods to process raw GPS data. This paper will conclude the reason of segregation between different methods using the same algorithms. This will be done using two different methods, using the same algorithm which then will be analysed to get a result. This result will tell us the reason why a result could segregate even when using the same dataset and same algorithm.
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Lu, Lu. "Statistical methods in a high school transcript survey". [Ames, Iowa : Iowa State University], 2009.
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Hund, Lauren Brooke. "Survey Designs and Spatio-Temporal Methods for Disease Surveillance". Thesis, Harvard University, 2012. http://dissertations.umi.com/gsas.harvard:10346.
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By improving the precision and accuracy of public health surveillance tools, we can improve cost-efficacy and obtain meaningful information to act upon. In this dissertation, we propose statistical methods for improving public health surveillance research. In Chapter 1, we introduce a pooled testing option for HIV prevalence estimation surveys to increase testing consent rates and subsequently decrease non-response bias. Pooled testing is less certain than individual testing, but, if more people to submit to testing, then it should reduce the potential for non-response bias. In Chapter 2, we illustrate technical issues in the design of neonatal tetanus elimination surveys. We address identifying the target population; using binary classification via lot quality assurance sampling (LQAS); and adjusting the design for the sensitivity of the survey instrument. In Chapter 3, we extend LQAS survey designs for monitoring malnutrition for longitudinal surveillance programs. By combining historical information with data from previous surveys, we detect spikes in malnutrition rates. Using this framework, we detect rises in malnutrition prevalence in longitudinal programs in Kenya and the Sudan. In Chapter 4, we develop a computationally efficient geostatistical disease mapping model that naturally handles model fitting issues due to temporal boundary misalignment by assuming that an underlying continuous risk surface induces spatial correlation between areas. We apply our method to assess socioeconomic trends in breast cancer incidence in Los Angeles between 1990 and 2000. In Chapter 5, we develop a statistical framework for addressing statistical uncertainty associated with denominator interpolation and with temporal misalignment in disease mapping studies. We propose methods for assessing the impact of the uncertainty in these predictions on health effects analyses. Then, we construct a general framework for spatial misalignment in regression.
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Nieuwveldt, Fernando Damian. "A survey of computational methods for pricing Asian options". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/2118.
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Thesis (MSc (Mathematical Sciences. Applied Mathematics))--University of Stellenbosch, 2009.In this thesis, we investigate two numerical methods to price nancial options. We look at two types of options, namely European options and Asian options. The numerical methods we use are the nite di erence method and numerical inversion of the Laplace transform. We apply nite di erence methods to partial di erential equations with both uniform and non-uniform spatial grids. The Laplace inversion method we use is due to Talbot. It is based on the midpoint-type approximation of the Bromwich integral on a deformed contour. When applied to Asian options, we have the problem of computing the hypergeometric function of the rst kind. We propose a new method for numerically calculating the hypergeometric function. This method too is based on using Talbot contours. Throughout the thesis, we use the Black-Scholes equation as our benchmark problem.
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Persson, Mattias. "A Survey of Methods for Visualizing Spatio-temporal Data". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Medie- och Informationsteknik, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-168089.
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Olika typer av data genereras kontinuerligt varje sekund och för att kunna analysera denna data måste den transformeras till någon typ av visuell representation. En vanlig typ av data är spatio-temporal data, vilket är data som existerar i både rymd och tid. Hur denna typ av data kan visualiseras har undersökts under en lång period och området är fortfarande relevant idag. Ett antal metoder har undersökts i detta arbete och en genomgående litteraturstudie har genomförts. En applikation som implementerar ett antal av dessa undersökta metoder för att visualisera klimatdata har även skapats.Different kinds of data is generated continuously every second and in order to be ableto analyze this data it has to be transformed into some kind of visual representation. Onecommon type of data is spatio-temporal data, which is data that exists in both space andtime. How to visualize this kind of data have been researched for a long time and is still avery relevant subject to expand on today. A number of approaches have been explored inthis work. An extensive literature study has also been performed and can be read in thisreport. The study has been divided into different classifications of spatio-temporal dataand the visual representations are structured by these classes.Another contribution of this thesis is a climate data application to visualize spatiotemporaldata sets of temperatures collected for several countries in the world. This applicationimplements several of the visual representations presented in the survey includedin this thesis. This resulted in a four display application, each showing a different aspect ofthe chosen data sets that consisted of climate data. The result shows how effective multiplelinked views are in order to understand different characteristics of the data.
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Liebers, Annegret. "Methods for planarizing graphs : a survey and annotated bibliography /". Konstanz, 1996. http://www.bsz-bw.de/cgi-bin/xvms.cgi?SWB5282290.
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Wu, Qin. "Reliable techniques for survey with sensitive question". HKBU Institutional Repository, 2013. http://repository.hkbu.edu.hk/etd_ra/1496.
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范改玲 i Gailing Fan. "Galaxy radio pulsar population modelling and magellanic clouds radio pulsar survey". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2002. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B31243058.
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Baharthah, Tara. "Comparison of three survey methods applied to the recreational rock lobster fishery of Western Australia". Thesis, Edith Cowan University, Research Online, Perth, Western Australia, 2007. https://ro.ecu.edu.au/theses/2.
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A mail survey of recreational rock lobster licence holders has been conducted annually since 1986. The results from this survey have been used in the management of the recreational rock lobster fishery in Western Australia. Mail surveys are susceptible to non-response and recall bias. The key to determining useful estimates of fishing catch and effort is to minimise both biases. Telephone recall surveys, with high response rates, effectively eliminate nonresponse bias. However, they still suffer from recall bias when the recall period is greater than two months. Telephone diary surveys are free of non-response bias and recall bias and provide the most accurate estimates of effort and catch. In the 2001/02 season three independent surveys were conducted to estimate the recreational catch and fishing effort of the 37,000 fishers licensed to fish for rock lobsters.
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Johnson, Joseph A. "A Survey of Computer Graphics Facial Animation Methods: Comparing Traditional Approaches to Machine Learning Methods". DigitalCommons@CalPoly, 2021. https://digitalcommons.calpoly.edu/theses/2315.
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Human communications rely on facial expression to denote mood, sentiment, and intent. Realistic facial animation of computer graphic models of human faces can be difficult to achieve as a result of the many details that must be approximated in generating believable facial expressions. Many theoretical approaches have been researched and implemented to create more and more accurate animations that can effectively portray human emotions. Even though many of these approaches are able to generate realistic looking expressions, they typically require a lot of artistic intervention to achieve a believable result. To reduce the intervention needed to create realistic facial animation, new approaches that utilize machine learning are being researched to reduce the amount of effort needed to generate believable facial animations. This survey paper summarizes over 20 research papers related to facial animation and compares the traditional animation approaches to newer machine learning methods as well as highlights the strengths, weaknesses, and use cases of each different approach.
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Rehm, Markus, i Josefine Thiede. "A survey of recent methods for solving project scheduling problems". Saechsische Landesbibliothek- Staats- und Universitaetsbibliothek Dresden, 2012. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:14-qucosa-100591.
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This paper analyses the current state of research regarding solution methods dealing with resource-constrained project scheduling problems. The intention is to present a concentrated survey and brief scientific overview on models, their decision variables and constraints as well as current solution methods in the field of project scheduling.
The allocation of scarce resources among multiple projects with different, conflicting decision variables is a highly difficult problem in order to achieve an optimal schedule which meets all (usually different) of the projects’ objectives. Those projects, e.g. the assembly of complex machinery and goods, consume many renewable, e.g. workforce/staff, and non-renewable, e.g. project budget, resources. Each single process within these projects can often be performed in different ways – so called execution modes can help to make a schedule feasible. On the other hand the number of potential solutions increases dramatically through this fact. Additional constraints, e.g. min/max time lags, preemption or specific precedence relations of activities, lead to highly complex problems which are NP-hard in the strong sense.
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Khan, Kaleem Uddin. "Exact methods for comparison of estimation strategies in survey sampling". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2010. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/440.
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Many strategies in survey sampling depend on large sample approximation formulae for design-based inference on finite population parameters, which are not valid for small samples. We develop an approach using matrix algebra to tackle many problems for samples of any size. Poststratification under a general unequal probability sampling design has received little attention and is an area that we will consider. We demonstrate that inference should be made conditional on the observed sampling allocation rather than unconditionally and examine different types of probability weights. For certain strategies we give results that provide sufficient conditions for the superiority of one strategy over another. These methods are based on the exact mean square errors and are used to compare estimators under poststratification both conditionally and unconditionally. We also present a result that gives an exact upper bound on the absolute bias ratio of a strategy which can be used at the design stage to assess the magnitude of the bias. A general problem for unbiased variance estimators under unequal probability sampling is the possibility of obtaining a negative estimate. We show how the eigenvalues of the matrices given by a variance estimator for the ratio estimator under probability proportional to aggregate size sampling can be used to construct a class of nonnegative definite unbiased variance estimators. Our empirical studies show that estimators from this class are generally more efficient than the standard estimator, especially when the coefficient of variation of the size variable is large.
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Kovalenko, I. D., A. Doressoundiram, E. Lellouch, E. Vilenius, T. Müller i J. Stansberry. "“TNOs are Cool”: A survey of the trans-Neptunian region". EDP SCIENCES S A, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/626412.
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Context. Gravitationally bound multiple systems provide an opportunity to estimate the mean bulk density of the objects, whereas this characteristic is not available for single objects. Being a primitive population of the outer solar system, binary and multiple trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs) provide unique information about bulk density and internal structure, improving our understanding of their formation and evolution. Aims. The goal of this work is to analyse parameters of multiple trans-Neptunian systems, observed with Herschel and Spitzer space telescopes. Particularly, statistical analysis is done for radiometric size and geometric albedo, obtained from photometric observations, and for estimated bulk density. Methods. We use Monte Carlo simulation to estimate the real size distribution of TNOs. For this purpose, we expand the dataset of diameters by adopting the Minor Planet Center database list with available values of the absolute magnitude therein, and the albedo distribution derived from Herschel radiometric measurements. We use the 2-sample Anderson-Darling non-parametric statistical method for testing whether two samples of diameters, for binary and single TNOs, come from the same distribution. Additionally, we use the Spearman's coefficient as a measure of rank correlations between parameters. Uncertainties of estimated parameters together with lack of data are taken into account. Conclusions about correlations between parameters are based on statistical hypothesis testing. Results. We have found that the difference in size distributions of multiple and single TNOs is biased by small objects. The test on correlations between parameters shows that the effective diameter of binary TNOs strongly correlates with heliocentric orbital inclination and with magnitude difference between components of binary system. The correlation between diameter and magnitude difference implies that small and large binaries are formed by different mechanisms. Furthermore, the statistical test indicates, although not significant with the sample size, that a moderately strong correlation exists between diameter and bulk density.
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McDonald, Patrick Reed. "Site-Based and Nonsite Archaeological Survey: A Comparison of Two Survey Methods in the City of Rocks, Idaho". DigitalCommons@USU, 2015. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/4535.
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Pedestrian based archaeological survey is commonly used throughout the western United States to locate, identify, record, and interpret archaeological sites. While procedures, such as transect spacing, transect orientation, data collection, artifact documentation, and site criteria may vary, most survey methods share a common goal: to locate and define the boundaries of archaeological sites. Other researchers question the traditional site-based survey method. Critics suggest that site-based surveys may fail to adequately detect and document artifacts outside of site boundaries (Dunnell and Dancey 1983; Wandsnider and Camilli 1992). Site-based methods may not discern archaeological signatures of past cultures that occurred on the scale of landscapes rather than discrete sites (Ebert 1992; Robins 1998)
In response, siteless approaches have been developed to test and address perceived shortcomings of site-based survey methods. The siteless survey utilizes artifacts as the basis for studying the relationships between clustered and non-clustered materials. This thesis examines traditional site-based survey vs. siteless survey within a study area in southern Idaho. Moreover, the study investigates the utility of the nonsite approach to identify spatial distributions, associations, and patterning in cultural materials on the surface of the analysis area. The results of the survey, data management and analyses evaluate if artifacts are randomly distributed or aggregated.
Survey results compare the surveys’ effectiveness in detecting artifacts. In this comparison, the effects of artifact obtrusiveness/visibility are considered. Results of survey data are examined at different spatial scales to identify clusters and evaluate cluster attributes. Spatial patterning analyses use GIS software including the Getis Ord Gi* hot spot analysis tool and the buffer tool in ArcMap 10.2. Both GIS analyses successfully identified clustering. Finally, the results of analysis compare artifact cluster attributes identified by GIS analyses with site attributes. Siteless survey data and post-field, GIS analyses demonstrate the ability to offer information not available through traditional site-based survey. These results suggest that the siteless survey methods and analytic techniques employed in this study warrant further testing and evaluation.
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Wu, Xing. "The Survey of Detection Methods and Testbeds For Cognitive Radio Application". Thesis, University of Gävle, Ämnesavdelningen för elektronik, 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hig:diva-6150.
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The need for RF spectrum for the rapidly growing broadband access services is evident. Cognitive radio is an emerging technology that aims to introduce secondary usage of the spectrum resources without interfering with the primary usage of the licensed users but with a lower priority.
Signal detection for cognitive radios has drawn a lot of interest in the research community, where different algorithms are suggested. The most commonly used algorithms are energy detection, feature detection, eigenvalue based detection. Energy detection is the simplest and most common way to detect signals. It has fast sensing time but poor performance. The feature detection and eigenvalue based detection methods are more sophisticated and offer better performance but they are more complex and expensive. This thesis will present the pros and cons of each method and offer comparisons between them.
To evaluate the performance of different algorithms used in cognitive radio, different research testbeds have been suggested in the literature. Some of the most frequently used testbeds are based on GNU-radio, WARP, or BEE2. GNU-radio is the simplest testbed and is free, but it has low bandwidth and poor performance. WARP and BEE2 are more advanced testbeds. They offer good performance and are easy to update, but they are more complex and expensive. These three testbeds will be described, compared, and their advantages and disadvantages will be observed in this thesis.
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Swasey, Charlotte (Charlotte A. ). "Finding the swing voter : definitions and survey methods for voter classification". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/107532.
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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Political Science, 2016.Thesis: S.B., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Political Science, 2016.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 43-48).
This thesis proposes a theory mapping emotional reactions to political information onto a theory of vote decisionmaking and then further onto measurable survey response. Using on-line processing based in emotion, voters form affective summaries about candidates, which store previous information as an emotional response. The act of voting is treated as a single realization of a probabilistic event, with the relative probabilities of each vote option being an expression of the affective summary. These summaries are expressed as warmness or feeling towards each candidate, which can be captured using the ANES Feeling Thermometer scales. A metric of the difference between the scores given to the Republican and Democratic candidates is used, based in the work of William Mayer. This metric suffers from significant survey error, but is related to party ID and expressed vote choice, as well as demographic factors and perceived efficacy. Feeling thermometer responses are found to carry meaningful information about a respondent's relationship to the election and candidate preference.
by Charlotte Swasey.
S.M.
S.B.
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Ashmead, Robert D. "Propensity Score Methods for Estimating Causal Effects from Complex Survey Data". The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1417616653.
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Zuniga, Brenda. "A Survey of Genetic Counselors’ Current Methods of Implementing Telegenetics Services". The Ohio State University, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1523880762419016.
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Youngers, James. "Instructional methods in landscape design : a survey of academic horticulture programs /". Available to subscribers only, 2007. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1402172501&sid=1&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Magidin, de Kramer Raquel. "Evaluation of Cross-Survey Research Methods for the Estimation of Low-Incidence Populations". Thesis, Boston College, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/bc-ir:107241.
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Thesis advisor: Henry BraunThis study evaluates the accuracy, precision, and stability of three different methods of cross-survey analysis in order to determine their suitability for estimating the proportions of low-incidence populations. Population parameters of size and demographic distribution are necessary for planning and policy development. The estimation of these parameters for low-incidence populations poses a number of methodological challenges. Cross-survey analysis methodologies offer an alternative to generate useful, low-incidence population estimates not readily available in today's census without conducting targeted, costly surveys to estimate group size directly. The cross-survey methods evaluated in the study are meta-analysis of complex surveys (MACS), pooled design-based cross-survey (PDCS), and Bayesian multilevel regression with post-stratification (BMRP). The accuracy and precision of these methods were assessed by comparing the estimates of the proportion of the adult Jewish population in Canada generated by each method with benchmark estimates. The stability of the estimates, in turn, was determined by cross-validating estimates obtained with data from two random stratified subsamples drawn from a large pool of US surveys. The findings of the study indicate that, under the right conditions, cross-survey methods have the potential to produce very accurate and precise estimates of low-incidence populations. The study did find that the level of accuracy and precision of these estimates varied depending on the cross-survey method used and on the conditions under which the estimates were produced. The estimates obtained with PDCS and BMRP methodologies were more accurate than the ones generated by the MACS approach. The BMRP approach generated the most accurate estimates. The pooled design-based cross-survey method generated relatively accurate estimates across all the scenarios included in the study. The precision of the estimates was found to be related to the number of surveys considered in the analyses. Overall, the findings clearly show that cross-survey analysis methods provide a useful alternative for estimation of low-incidence populations. More research is needed to fully understand the factors that affect the accuracy and precision of estimates generated by these cross-survey methods
Thesis (PhD) — Boston College, 2016
Submitted to: Boston College. Lynch School of Education
Discipline: Educational Research, Measurement and Evaluation
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Whitney, Joshua Andrew. "Application of Electromagnetic Methods to Identify and Characterize Sub-surface Structures Associated with the Coles Hill Uranium Deposit". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33080.
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The Coles Hill uranium deposit in Pittsylvania County, Virginia represents the largest unmined uranium resource in the United States, with an estimated resource of 110 million pounds of U3O8 in place with a cutoff grade of 0.025 wt% U3O8. The deposit is localized along a geologic unit that parallels the Chatham Fault, which separates the Triassic Danville Basin to the east from the older crystalline rocks to the west. The location of the Chatham Fault is important to understanding distribution of ore and for developing an effective mine plan. In this study the Chatham Fault location has been inferred from ground conductivity and ground penetrating radar (GPR) surveys. Anomalies in the data are consistent with previously mapped fault locations based on drillhole and geophysical data, such as gravity and magnetic surveys, collected in the 1980s. These results confirm that the strike of the Chatham Fault is approximately N40ºE and dips to the southeast with dip values ranging from 70º, in the northeast, to 50º, in the southwest.Master of Science
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Gullberg, Erik. "Market Designs : A Survey and Analysis of Methods to Ensure Peak Capacity". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för teknikvetenskaper, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-113540.
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The production and consumption of electricity must be in balance in order to maintain the frequency in an electrical grid. During peak loads this may be troublesome to achieve due to lack of adequate production capabilities. Competitive electricity markets with price caps have a problem - insufficient revenues for peak production units which lead to mothballing or decommissioning of power plants. Inadequate production capability is solved through design of the electricity markets which renders in incentives to operate these power plants. This report analyzes the most common market designs with the Nordic countries of Finland, Norway, and Sweden in mind. The Nordic situation is used as the background for an evaluation of the impact of the chosen designs. The question of finding a market solution of the peak load problem is yet a prerequisite. The conclusions are that a clear definition of what a market solution is, is needed in order to determine which design to prefer. The view on what to address as the problem makes a difference - treating the symptoms or the root causes leads to usage of different market designs as solutions. The Nordic countries may be better off by waiting to see the effects of the full penetration of the Automatic Meter Reading systems, which may reduce the peak loads by increasing the demand responsiveness. The current market designs in the Nordic countries may also be sufficient while developing the market's demand response, and thereby not call for implementations of other market designs.
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Skeat, Andrew, i n/a. "Feral buffalo in Kakadu National Park : survey methods, population dynamics and control". University of Canberra. Applied Science, 1990. http://erl.canberra.edu.au./public/adt-AUC20061108.161608.
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(1) Aerial survey methods for estimating
population size of feral water buffalo in northern
Australia were examined.
(2) Line transect models underestimated population
size. Of six models tested the most accurate
underestimated by nearly half. The models give
biased estimates most probably because not all
animals on the survey line were sighted .
(3) Aerial strip transect surveys were also
negatively biased. The extent of this bias was
estimated in index-removal experiments.
Experiments were carried out on two populations in
areas of differing obstructive canopy cover.
(4) In woodland habitat with a canopy cover of 30-
60%, a correction factor of 3.2 was required to
take account of animals not seen. In forest
habitat with a canopy cover of 60-100%, a
correction factor of 4.9 was required.
(5) Using these results, the population size of
feral buffalo, cattle and horses in Kakadu National
Park was estimated by aerial survey at the end of
each year over 6 years. Annual rates of increase
for three regions of the Park were estimated,
taking into account known removals from the
population. The effects of dry season rainfall and
population density in the preceding year on rate of
increase were examined for each species.
(6) The mean annual exponential rate of increase
for each species was 0.10 yr-1 for buffalo, 0.23
yr-1 for cattle and -0.14 yr-1 for horses.
(7) The annual rates of increase varied greatly
between years within all species and were highly
correlated with dry season rainfall in the year of
survey for buffalo and cattle but not for horses.
(8) No significant effect of preceding density on
rate of increase was found for any species. A
large reduction in buffalo populations did not
correspond with an increase in unharvested
populations of horses, suggesting the two species
do not compete for food or other resources.
(9) A campaign to control populations of feral
water buffalo in Kakadu National Park was assessed.
Between 1979 and 1988, approximately 79,000 animals
were removed, 54% by commercial live-capture, 35%
by shooting from helicopters and 10% by shooting
from the ground.
(10) In the period 1983-1988 when population
estimates from aerial survey are available, mean
buffalo population density was reduced from
5.60 km-2 to 1.17 km-2 over the surveyed area of
the Park.
(11) The costs of removal by shooting from
helicopters, capturing animals alive and shooting
from the ground were compared. The mean costs per
animal in 1988 were $24.13, $74.53, and $86.02
respectively.
(12) The effects of initial density and time spent
shooting on number of animals removed by shooting
from helicopters were examined. One linear and two
curvilinear models were fitted to data from four
different removal exercises. The relationship
between time spent shooting and number removed was
best described by a curvilinear (Ivlev) function.
This model was used to estimate costs of control to
a specified density.
(13) Model regression coefficients differed
between removal exercises, suggesting that the
number removed may be affected by variables other
than time spent shooting and initial density. Data
from the range of conditions encountered during
removal is thus likely to be required for robust
estimation of removal costs.
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Tom, Bryan Matthew. "A COMPARISON OF NONINVASIVE SURVEY METHODS FOR MONITORING MESOCARNIVORE POPULATIONS IN KENTUCKY". UKnowledge, 2012. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/forestry_etds/10.
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Harvest data are typically used to evaluate mesocarnivore population dynamics in many states, including Kentucky. While relatively easy to collect, these data are subject to reporting biases, and inferences about population trends can often only be made at coarse spatial scales. Gray fox (Urocyon cinereoargenteus), bobcat (Lynx rufus), and coyote (Canis latrans) populations in Kentucky are managed primarily through harvest data used to establish future harvest quotas. Increasingly, noninvasive survey methods have been used to characterize a number of population parameters for a variety of species; however, successful use of these methods is often site-specific. We assessed the efficacy and cost-effectiveness of two noninvasive survey methods, scat detection dogs and rub-pad hair snares, for surveying mesocarnivore species at two sites in the mixed-mesophytic forest of northeastern Kentucky. We sampled 100 hair snares covering approximately 100km2 and 27 transects covering approximately 27km2 from which 7 hair samples and 261 scat samples were collected respectively. Hair snares cost $397/sample at 6.4 hours/day, while scat detection dogs cost $47/sample at 4.9 hours/day. Genetic methods were used to identify biological samples to species and individual. Our findings should prove useful to state wildlife managers in comparatively evaluating methods for future mesocarnivore monitoring.
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Skade, Lauren Jennifer. "Educational psychology practice and domestic abuse : an exploratory mixed methods web survey". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2018. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/53298/.
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Emerging research (Cort and Cline, 2017; Dodd, 2009; Gallagher, 2010) suggests the impact of domestic abuse (DA) on children and young people's lives is a crucial issue for Educational Psychologists (EPs). Whilst there are a number of small scale studies exploring EP practice in this area (Gallagher, 2010; Heath, 2015) researchers are yet to explore EP practice in relation to domestic abuse on a larger scale. This research adopted a mixed method web survey design to explore EP practice at a national level. A pragmatic stance was adopted, and descriptive statistics, thematic analysis and factor analysis were utilised to explore EP practice supporting children, families and schools exposed to DA, factors supporting EP engagement in this area and EPs' views around their unique role in relation to DA. The findings suggest EPs encounter DA within their casework to varying degrees. EPs appear to vary in their consideration of DA within case formulation, and in their exploration of DA with school staff and families. Respondents varied in their approach to exploration of DA and the indicators they utilise to prompt exploration. Factor Analysis identified EPs' confidence in introducing DA to the conversation, whilst also ensuring a co-operative relationship exists with parents, is an important factor for EP practice. EPs reported the use of a range of interventions in response to DA; however interventions specifically focused upon DA were not widely used. EPs identified an interest in further involvement with a range of interventions and 23% of respondents reported involvement in systemic approaches around DA. Further factors perceived to be important by EPs in supporting their work in this area were: supervision and training to support EP knowledge and skills, service level policy, and the establishment of a clear role for EPs around DA. The majority of respondents felt there could be a unique role for the EP around DA, with the EPs' facilitative role and their ability to further the psychological understanding of others identified as key themes.
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McIntyre, Fiona Doreen. "Development of visual survey methods to support environmental monitoring and fisheries management". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 2015. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=226947.
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Visual surveys provide for non-invasive sampling of organisms and habitats in the marine environment. They are particularly important in deep-sea habitats which are vulnerable to damage caused by alternative destructive sampling devices such as bottom trawls. However, traditional visual survey platforms tend to have limited area coverage which is insufficient for mapping the vast expanses of the deep-sea, particularly for relatively sparsely distributed organisms such as fish. This thesis presents the development of a visual survey method capable of surveying large areas of the seabed in deep waters (> 200 m) using a towed video camera system. The area of seabed sampled was similar to that sampled by a bottom trawl, making the system effective for surveying fish. Anglerfish densities were found to be comparable to those determined by trawl surveys in adjacent areas. For other deep-sea fish, the two survey methods (towed camera and bottom trawl) provided different results which were explained by the behavioural reactions of different fish taxa to the respective gears. Fish that exhibited detectable avoidance behaviour to the towed video camera system (e.g. Chimaeridae) resulted in significantly lower density estimates than trawl estimates. On the other hand, skates and rays showed no reaction to the towed video camera system, and density estimates of these were an order of magnitude higher than the trawl. The towed video camera survey was also deployed to gather data on the cold-water coral Lophelia pertusa on the Rockall Bank. These data were used together with Species Distribution Modelling (SDM) to predict the distribution of Lophelia pertusa habitat. The current closed areas on the Rockall Bank cover sizeable areas of potential Lophelia pertusa habitat, however, based on the predictions further areas could be considered to ensure the continued protection of this species.
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Kim, Haejin. "Organ Improvisation for Church Services: A Survey of Improvisation Methods from 1900". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2011. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1314114572.
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Saro, A., S. Bocquet, J. Mohr, E. Rozo, B. A. Benson, S. Dodelson, E. S. Rykoff i in. "Optical-SZE scaling relations for DES optically selected clusters within the SPT-SZ Survey". OXFORD UNIV PRESS, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/624426.
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We study the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich effect (SZE) signature in South Pole Telescope (SPT) data for an ensemble of 719 optically identified galaxy clusters selected from 124.6 deg(2) of the Dark Energy Survey (DES) science verification data, detecting a clear stacked SZE signal down to richness lambda similar to 20. The SZE signature is measured using matched-filtered maps of the 2500 deg(2) SPT-SZ survey at the positions of the DES clusters, and the degeneracy between SZE observable and matched-filter size is broken by adopting as priors SZE and optical mass-observable relations that are either calibrated using SPT-selected clusters or through the Arnaud et al. (A10) X-ray analysis. We measure the SPT signal-to-noise zeta - lambda relation and two integrated Compton-y Y500-lambda relations for the DES-selected clusters and compare these to model expectations that account for the SZE-optical centre offset distribution. For clusters with lambda > 80, the two SPT-calibrated scaling relations are consistent with the measurements, while for the A10-calibrated relation the measured SZE signal is smaller by a factor of 0.61 +/- 0.12 compared to the prediction. For clusters at 20 < lambda < 80, the measured SZE signal is smaller by a factor of similar to 0.20-0.80 (between 2.3 sigma and 10 sigma significance) compared to the prediction, with the SPT-calibrated scaling relations and larger lambda clusters showing generally better agreement. We quantify the required corrections to achieve consistency, showing that there is a richness-dependent bias that can be explained by some combination of (1) contamination of the observables and (2) biases in the estimated halo masses. We also discuss particular physical effects associated with these biases, such as contamination of. from line-of-sight projections or of the SZE observables from point sources, larger offsets in the SZE-optical centring or larger intrinsic scatter in the lambda-mass relation at lower richnesses.
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Sandberg, Richard. "A survey of optimization methods for solving the inverse shortest path routing problem". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Optimeringslära, 2010. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-59536.
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Ruttningen av trafik i IP-nätverk sker ofta med hjälp av bågvikter som bestämmer vilken väg trafiken tar (kortastevägruttning). Problemet här är att avgöra ifall det existerar en uppsättning vikter givet ett önskat ruttningsschema. Den hör rapporten undersöker prestandan hos ett antal modeller och optimeringsprogram avsedda att lösa denna typ av problem som ofta kallas inversa kortastevägruttningsproblemet. Undersökningen visar att det existerar en stor skillnad mellan modellerna och optimeringsprogrammen och att modellen baserad på cykelbaser löst med CPLEXdualopt lösaren är snabbast.The routing of traffic in IP networks is often done with a set of weights that determinewhich way the traffic will go (shortest path routing). The problem here is todetermine if there exists a set of weights for a desired routing pattern. This thesis willinvestigate the performance of a number of different models and solvers for solvingthis type of problem which is usually called the inverse shortest path routing (ISPR)problem. The models tested are the same as described in [1]. The different solversused are mainly the linear CPLEX solvers but also a few multi commodity networksolvers. The tests showed that there is a big performance difference between the models andsolvers and that the cycle bases model solved with the CPLEX dualopt solver wasthe fastest overall.
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Li, Yan. "Analysis of complex survey data using robust model-based and model-assisted methods". College Park, Md. : University of Maryland, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/4080.
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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2006.Thesis research directed by: Survey Methodology. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
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Martinez, Sylvia Ann. "A survey research of reading methods used by New Mexico middle school teachers". Diss., Manhattan, Kan. : Kansas State University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/329.
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Ball, Staci Lee Johnson. "Methods of Language Assessment: A Survey of Oregon Public School Speech-language Pathologists". PDXScholar, 1995. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/4970.
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Much advice has been published in the last 40 years that has attempted to aid speech-language pathologists in choosing language assessment tools (e.g., Danwitz, 1981 & Darley, 1979 ). Questions have arisen about what tests are actually being used in public schools and the reasons for those tests being used over other tests. The data bank of information is minimal in this area as only one study has appeared in the literature in which Wilson, Blackmon, Hall, & Elcholtz, (1991), conducted a State survey of currently used language assessment instruments. The primary research question to be answered was: What methods of language assessment are being used in Oregon? Secondary questions to be answered were: (a) What factors influence the selection and use of the chosen procedures?, (b) What are the dates of development of the tests used most frequently, (c) By what means do the public school clinicians keep themselves current with new trends and information in the field? There were 567 questionnaires mailed out to Oregon Speech-Language Pathologists who worked in the public school setting and served children 4-9 years of age. Of the 297 respondees, only 4 reported not using any formal instruments for language assessment. Results show 9 main standardized tests were used for measuring expressive language by the majority of the respondents. Listed in order of frequency of use, they are: TOLD, EOWPVT, WORD test, CELF, LPT, SPELT, ASSET, TOPS, and the PLS. For receptive language, also in order of frequency of use, the 1 O main tests were as follows: PPVT, TOLD, CELF, TACL, ASSET, BOEHM, PLS, ROWPVT, BRACKEN, and the LPT. Factors that influenced the selection and use of specific tests included: personal experience; ease of administration; time restraints; budgets and availability of tests and district protocols for assessments. Dates of publication, new and revisions, for both the expressive and receptive tests used ranged from 1983 - 1990. At the time of this survey, the main ways that clinicians were keeping themselves current for new tests on the market were word of mouth from associates, inservices on new tests, and reading new information in journals.
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Angel, Stefan, Franziska Disslbacher, Stefan Humer i Matthias Schnetzer. "What did you really earn last year?: explaining measurement error in survey income data". Published by John Wiley & Sons Ltd on behalf of the Royal Statistical Society, 2019. http://epub.wu.ac.at/7005/1/rssa.pdf.
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The paper analyses the sources of income measurement error in surveys with a
unique data set. We use the Austrian 2008-2011 waves of the European Union "Statistics on
income and living conditions" survey which provide individual information on wages, pensions
and unemployment benefits from survey interviews and officially linked administrative records.
Thus, we do not have to fall back on complex two-sample matching procedures like related
studies. We empirically investigate four sources of measurement error, namely social desirabil-
ity, sociodemographic characteristics of the respondent, the survey design and the presence
of learning effects. We find strong evidence for a social desirability bias in income reporting,
whereas the presence of learning effects is mixed and depends on the type of income under
consideration. An Owen value decomposition reveals that social desirability is a major expla-
nation of misreporting in wages and pensions, whereas sociodemographic characteristics are
most relevant for mismatches in unemployment benefits.
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Gremillion, Michelle. "A Methodological Exploration of Mailed Survey Research in a Post Disaster Setting". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2007. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/516.
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This paper analyzes and assesses the success and failures of the implemented methods of two mailed survey research projects conducted in post-Katrina New Orleans. Mailed survey research is an essential part of the recovery process following a major disaster in which people have been displaced. A survey can provide insight into how many residents intend to return to the area as well as resident needs and concerns. Traditional methods alone are inadequate in a post-disaster setting and supplemental measures must be taken. The collected data from a survey in this setting will be unrepresentative of the pre-disaster population. Spatial analysis of the response combined with a comparison of the collected data to known census data identifies the ways in which the data is unrepresentative. Knowledge of the data shortcomings increases its utility in planning and recovery efforts in the affected region.
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Griffiths, Frances Ellen. "Hormone replacement therapy : perspectives from women, medicine and sociology". Thesis, Durham University, 1997. http://etheses.dur.ac.uk/5084/.
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Developed on the boundary between medicine and sociology, this thesis develops a critique of the perspectives of these disciplines through analysis of a study of women's perspectives on hormone replacement therapy. Women's perspectives are explored through a postal questionnaire survey and a study using individual interviews and focus groups. The survey results provide a measure of women’s attitudes towards, and knowledge of, hormone replacement therapy. The individual interviews detail the way women move towards a decision about the therapy and identifies common themes, particularly women's fears and what influences their fears. The focus groups explore contrasting themes including women's control and choice in decisions about therapy, contrary themes in women’s attitudes and the different ways of thinking used by the women. The results of the studies are assessed for their implications for clinical general practice. The thesis also takes a sociological perspective on women and HRT and on the research process, in particular exploring two themes. Firstly, the interaction between the social context, the research subject and the research process. This includes the social factors influencing the development of the research and choice of research methods, and the influence of the research methods on the results obtained. The second theme is the perspectives and levels of analysis used by the main disciplines contributing to the thesis; biomedicine, biostatistics, general practice and sociology. The thesis explores how the different perspectives and levels of analysis influence research and how they are used to manage the social context. These explorations are used to suggest future directions for research on hormone replacement therapy and for general practice.
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Jonsson, Magnus. "Using IT to Improve Learning Methods : A Usability Analysis Through User Survey and Personas". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Institutionen för informationsteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-179365.
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As the use of the Internet grows the number of web based services grows with it. Shopping online is increasingly common and in some countries you can even manage your taxes online. The universities are also seeing the possibilities with the Internet. Courses are managed online and assignments and articles are automatically checked for plagiarism by comparing them to huge shared databases. The EC funded project ROLE was launched in 2009 to investigate how web-based systems for learning can be made more personal. Such a change might also change the way students learn. ROLE introduces a psycho-pedagogical integration model (PPIM) in which students are meant to create their own goals, find their own tools to achieve the set goals and finally reflect on the way the goals were achieved, or why they were not achieved. This thesis investigates a new experimental system called PLESpaces, developed by Uppsala Learning Lab, and the usability aspects of incorporating ROLE technology such as the PPIM model into it. To investigate the problems which may arise this thesis will make use of personas and a user survey to get feedback from the students. The results of the thesis show that implementing PPIM in the way proposed by the ROLE-project may prove problematic. This is mainly because working in the way proposed by the PPIM could take time from the actual learning. Finally the thesis presents questions for future research that should be resolved within the ROLE-project in order to deliver a usable system.
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Ward, Stephen James Safety Science Faculty of Science UNSW. "Designers and users: a survey of user research methods employed by Australian industrial designers". Awarded by:University of New South Wales. School of Safety Science, 2006. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/26206.
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Designers of mass produced products require knowledge about anticipated users of their designs in order to make reasonable predictions about how users will interact with a product and how that product will satisfy users??? needs. However, there is little reported study of how industrial designers get the information they need about users, or to what extent they adapt and use information available from fields of study such as ergonomics or market research. Study in this area is important, in order to have a knowledge base that will support development of methods and data sources that may help designers and others bring a better understanding of users into the product design process. In this study, group interviews and a questionnaire were used to ask industrial designers how and where they get information about users, and about their perceptions of the role and value of user research in design. The group discussions involved a total of 45 participants from nine companies in Sydney. A questionnaire that followed was completed by 35 respondents representing at least 15 different design consultancy companies throughout Australia. Results showed that the designers surveyed used many of the methods promoted in the literature of ergonomics, design and market research, but often in a cut-down form. For example, there was widespread use of work colleagues and family members as test subjects. Designers used quantitative information where it was applicable but often sought qualitative information that would provide insights or enable them to develop empathic understanding of the users. Time and cost constraints limited the extent to which designers could engage in user research activity but there was general agreement that user research was a necessary part of design and that in the future designers will require a stronger capability in user research. Further research could focus on the evaluation of user research methods used in design and the potential for further collaboration between designers and other specialists in this area.
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Linn, Megan M. "Assessment of treatment integrity using the C&C Survey| A mixed methods study". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1523233.
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Treatment integrity of school-based interventions is discussed within the dropout prevention and the Check & Connect (C&C) mentoring program framework. Treatment integrity factors and increasing and measuring it are explored. The psychometric properties of the C&C Survey, an online administered self-report treatment integrity measure, used 2010/2011 data from 24 mentors and middle school mentees. Estimation of the C&C Survey's criterion and content validity through mixed methods included data across multiple factors of treatment integrity and mentee outcomes. Aspects of the C&C Survey correlate to improved mentee attendance and, less so, to decreased mentee GPA. Qualitative data showed mentors with higher C&C Survey scores have more comprehensive knowledge of C&C interventions. Experienced mentors found the C&C Survey accurately reflected their activities. The C&C Survey was deemed to have adequate psychometric properties. The frequent use of online administered treatment integrity measures for school-based interventions is proposed and further investigation posited.
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Storm, Mienna Christina. "Temporomandibular disorders among Sami women : perspectives based on an epidemiological survey with mixed methods". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för odontologi, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-92696.
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Introduction The aim of the research project was to examine prevalence, co-morbidity, and impact on daily life of pain and dysfunction in the jaw-face, head, and neck-shoulder regions among adult Sami women in northern Sweden. The aim of the qualitative part of the study was to explore, thoughts, experiences, and beliefs regarding temporomandibular disorders (TMD) among Sami women with and without TMD, to gain insights into their health care experiences. Methods The research project used a mixed methods approach including questionnaire analysis, a case-control study, and thematic interviews. The study population (Papers I and III) included 487 women living in the Arctic region of northern Sweden and enrolled in the register of the Swedish Sami Parliament or registered as reindeer owners or reindeer herders in the Swedish Board of Agriculture. Two years after the questionnaire study, 22 women (cases) with longstanding, intense, and frequent symptoms indicative of TMD, together with 46 age-matched women (controls) without any symptoms in the jaw–face region, underwent a clinical examination of the function of the temporomandibular joint, jaw- and neck muscles, mandibular mobility, and dental occlusion. The examiner was blind to the women’s affiliation (Paper II). Thematic interviews with a strategic subsample of 17 Sami women (Paper IV) were thereafter conducted and analyzed with a grounded theory approach. Results The prevalence of frequent symptoms indicative of TMD was 17%, of headaches 19%, and of neck-shoulder pain (NSP) 30%. Seventeen percent reported that their TMD affected daily life. Duration of jaw pain, troublesome impaired jaw opening, and neck pain, together with a low education level, affected the statement of whether TMD influenced daily life or not. Factors related to pain had the greatest influence when these Sami women rated the related impairment. There was a statistically significant relationship between TMD, frequent headaches, and frequent NSP (P <0.0001). Longstanding, intense, and frequent symptoms indicative of TMD remained essentially unchanged over the two-year follow-up period. Cases reported impaired general health and awareness of clenching teeth significantly more frequently than did controls. Variations in dental occlusion did not distinguish cases from controls. In the qualitative part of the project the core category, “Grin(d) and bear it,” summarizes the participants’ various ways and stages of processing and handling the interacting categories: (1) triggers, (2) strains, (3) distrust, and (4) reconciliation with pain and/or difficulties in life. Perpetuating factors were described as mental-physical strain and stress, and also a tooth clenching behavior. Women without TMD expressed factors that helped them to handle strains, reconcile, and stay healthy. They relied on helpful social support. Conclusion Disabling TMD, headaches, and NSP are common in Sami women. Women with TMD commonly expressed that tooth clenching was a familiar habit related to strains in life; they described an impaired general state of health and distrust in the care providers’ competence and ability to manage their problems. Women without TMD expressed confidence in their self-efficacy and were generally less concerned with strains in their lives. Rehabilitation strategies aiming at empowerment and improved self-efficacy may be a successful approach in women with disabling TMD.
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Fletcher, Bradford. "School-Based Assessment Methods for Identifying Students with Anxiety: A Survey of School Psychologists". University of Dayton / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=dayton1406725095.
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Lu, Xiaoyan. "Survey and experimental methods to group decisions : equality of opportunity and weighted majority voting". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 2, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX24025.
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Cette thèse est la compilation d’essais qui appliquent les méthodes expérimentales et d’enquêtes à deux sujets portant sur la prise de décisions en groupe. La prise de décision en groupe est un type de processus participatif dans lequel plusieurs individus agissent collectivement, analysent des problèmes ou des situations, examinent et évaluent les solutions alternatives d’action, et choisissent parmi les différentes alternatives, une ou plusieurs solutions (Van den Ven et Delbeq, 1974). Une des caractéristiques parmi les plus importantes dans la prise de décisions en groupe est que les individus ont une responsabilité individuelle (Katzenbach et Smith, 1993). Par conséquent, cette thèse s’intéresse à la fois aux décisions effectivement prises au niveau du groupe, mais également aux opinions individuelles.Le premier sujet s’inscrit dans le domaine du bien-être et du choix social et porte sur l’égalité des chances (désignée EOP par la suite). Nous testons d’abord les fondements intuitifs de l’EOP au moyen d’une enquête, pendant laquelle les individus sont "des spectateurs impartiaux" sans aucun gain personnel. Cette enquête nous permet d’illustrer la notion de justice impartiale en absence d’intérêt. Nous testons ensuite les fondements au cours d’une expérience non coopérative, où les décisions prises ont des conséquences sur les gains des individus. L’expérience utilisée dans ce sujet s’intéresse aux préférences révélées en matière de justice par les preneurs de décisions. Le deuxième sujet porte sur les systèmes de vote à majorité pondérée (désignés WMV par la suite). Nous réalisons d’abord une enquête auprès de différents groupes d’étudiants pour découvrir que les individus ne tiennent pas compte de la relation non monotone entre le nombre de votes et le pouvoir de vote associé. Nous menons ensuite plusieurs expériences de laboratoire afin de tester si cette relation non monotone peut être apprise dans le cadre d’un jeu répété. Ainsi, la première partie de cette thèse comprend deux chapitres à propos de l’EOP, tandis que la deuxième comprend deux chapitres à propos des WMV. Le premier chapitre est une introduction générale, le Chapitre 6 expose les conclusions.Le Chapitre 2 présente l’enquête de l’EOP, laquelle est une enquête sur les préférences utilisant de nombreux visuels pour présenter des scénarios hypothétiques. Ceci nous permet de révéler les préférences des individus sur les principes de l’EOP. À notre connaissance, notre enquête est la première tentative pour explorer pleinement le concept de l’EOP du point de vue d’un “spectateur impartial”. Nous avons analysé systématiquement cinq facteurs qui relèvent de l’EOP dans deux vignettes et plusieurs scénarios. Entre les deux vignettes : ventes et alcool, nous avons trouvé un niveau élevé de consensus sur les circonstances. Toutes les personnes ne devraient pas subir les conséquences liées aux circonstances dans toutes les situations pour au moins deux raisons : premièrement, cela serait clairement arbitraire du point de vue moral et deuxièmement parce qu’il faut ajuster la péréquation résultante. Le maigre consensus sur l’effort et la chance brute est également présenté dans nos résultats. Puisque la chance brute est définie par rapport au décroissement des risques liés à la chance de non-option, elle peut entrainer des résultats non souhaitables au regard de l’EOP. Inversement, l’effort est défini comme un reflet du comportement des individus. Ils contrôlent cet effort, lequel exerce une influence sur leur statut. Ainsi, les effets des différents niveaux d’effort pourraient être non neutralisésDecision making in groups largely exists in almost every aspect of daily life. In this thesis, we use survey and experimental methods to examine decision making in two different areas, equality of opportunity (EOP) and weighted majority voting (WMV). The goal of the research efforts is to understand the importance of achieved decisions for the functioning of the group, involving taking into account the needs and opinions of every group member.In the survey study of EOP, we used the attitude survey consisting of vignettes to elicit stated preferences of quasi-spectators over the conceptions of EOP problems. Impartiality in this study is achieved by considering only evaluations of individuals who have no stake in the situation they are judging. We analysed whether individuals are considered to be held responsible for outcomes by different factors: circumstances, effort, talent, brute luck and option luck. Apart from the baseline treatment, another compared treatment was designed to test context effect, with the introduction of ``need'' and social-cognitive age. In these two treatments, we found a high level of consensus on non-responsibility of circumstances, slight consensuses to responsibility of effort but non-responsibility of brute luck, and no agreement on talent and option luck. When other considerations are not involved, inequality caused by differential option luck and talent is unobjectionable. While with other considerations, people should not fully be held responsible for the outcomes resulting from option luck and talent.We then tested revealed preferences over the conceptions of EOP problems in an experiment, where subjects were stakeholders of each decision. People were recruited to form a micro society, and engaged in actual decisions about redistribution of their own money they earned in a previous phase through four factors: circumstances, effort, brute and option luck. Yet despite a lot of self-interested behaviours when participants have a stake in the redistribution, we clearly observe that participants are sensitive to the different factors through which people can earn their money. There were three treatments in our experiment: the baseline, prior reflection and talent treatments. The voting results among three treatments are very homogeneous, with only one exception on effort in the talent treatment, and present a very high level of self-serving bias.For WMV, the survey study investigates whether people have the knowledge of the relation between the number of votes and corresponding power which they have in a committee that takes decisions with a WMV system. Power indices show that actual voting power is often quite different from the nominal distribution of voting weights. Our survey observed that subjects cannot see through the non-monotonic relationship between the number of votes and voting power. In addition, we found that subjects trained in political sciences had more acquaintance on this issue.The experiment on WMV wanted to see whether people could learn this non-monotonic relation between the number of votes and the actual voting power. In the laboratory experiment, people played similar games 20 times. The first stage of games was the votes apportionment stage, where two out of four subjects in a group independently and simultaneously made decisions to determine the distribution of votes among four members. The second stage of games was the point allocation stage, where four member bargained to divide fixed amount of resources among themselves through the WMV determined in the first stage. The results of our experiments show that initially subjects tend to choose an option that gives them more votes ignoring how remaining votes are distributed among others. But, as subjects ``learn'' about the payoffs they can obtain in the points allocation stage, they start to choose the option in the first stage that could have chance to give them higher payoffs
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Schneider, Karen L. "Applying advanced methods to population-based survey data for purposes of breast cancer control". View abstract/electronic edition; access limited to Brown University users, 2008. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3318359.
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Konty, Mark A. "Values, deviance and conformity: Measuring values with the factorial survey method". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/280298.
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The value concept is regularly employed by sociologists and social psychologists. Despite the ubiquitous nature of the concept, values are not a relevant theoretical construct in much social theory and the concept remains difficult to measure. This project tackles both theoretical and methodological shortcomings in the study and application of values. Two cutting edge methods of value measurement are used--the Schwartz Value Survey and the factorial survey method--and their results compared to assess the validity of these measures. There is little convergent validity with these two methods, perhaps due to some of the difficulties encountered when measuring values in the first place. In terms of content validity, both measures of values demonstrate a relationship between people's values and their deviant behavior. Surprisingly, this result has been difficult to obtain in the criminological literature. A theory that specifies a direct mechanism between values and deviance--cultural deviance theory--is tested. Evidence supports the notion that people who are more likely to be deviant, are also more likely to place a higher priority on "subterranean" values for wealth, aggression, competition, and beating the system, while simultaneously placing a low priority on "mainstream" values like trustworthiness and equality. Results could also apply to other criminological theories that have previously ignored values as an important theoretical construct.
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Henry, Lionel. "Deep exploratory regression modelling of survey data. With applications to electoral survey data of the 2014 elections in Belgium". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2020. https://dipot.ulb.ac.be/dspace/bitstream/2013/308280/4/TOC.pdf.
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This thesis contributes practical and conceptual tools for discovering and understanding the variation of quantitative patterns in social and political survey data. It uses regression modelling as an exploratory method with a focus on deep rather than wide model specifications, i.e. on interaction terms rather than control variables. Our main research question is how can we learn from survey data with an exploratory approach of regression modelling. We also seek to answer two more specific questions, what sort of quantitative variations should an exploratory approach seek to model, and how do we deal with statistical uncertainty within an exploratory approach. Our work shows how to use regression modelling for exploratory purposes by interpreting the results descriptively, and connecting these summaries to theory through an act of interpretation. Using data from the Partirep electoral survey of the 2014 elections in Belgium, we illustrate how the emphasis on group variations and interactions has both empirical and theoretical value. We propose to summarise the results of exploratory modelling in a notebook containing a series of increasingly disaggregated prediction graphs. These notebooks help researchers to increase their domain numeracy, i.e. develop a quantitative understanding of the patterns in the data. Regarding statistical uncertainty, we mitigate the risks of modelling sampling noise by using standard errors of binned averages as precision hints that serve as an indication of excessive disaggregation. We also lay out the path for regularising the estimates of the final results with Bayesian models by exploring methods of including the sampling weights in these models.Doctorat en Sciences politiques et sociales
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
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Öhrvall, Malin. "Matavfallssortering för restauranger : En studie av restaurangers möjligheter och inställning till matavfallssortering". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Institutionen för ekologi, miljö och geovetenskap, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-83148.
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The purpose of this study was to examine attitudes and potential for sorting of food waste at restaurants in the central part of Umeå. The information was gathered through a questionnaire survey and by exploring different sorting methods. The questionnaire was sent to 55 restaurants and 24 of them responded. A majority of the respondents wanted to sort out food waste. 72.8 % believe they have a good or moderate potential to sort out food waste in the future and none of the respondents answered that they believed that they had no means of sorting out food waste. Overall, the restaurants are considered to have good attitudes about sorting food waste. However, this may be because the respondents have a better attitude than those who chose not to respond. The sorting methods were evaluated by reviewing reports written by government agencies and industry associations. Mill systems connected to a tank had the most pros and least cons of the sorting methods, but were expensive to install and required a lot of space. Sorting in individual containers was less expensive and required less space but was considered worse from a working environment standpoint. It seems that a combination of individual containers and a mill system connected to a tank suit most restaurants.