Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Supported metal catalyst

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Supported metal catalyst”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Supported metal catalyst"

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Trigoura, Leslie, Yalan Xing i Bhanu P. S. Chauhan. "Recyclable Catalysts for Alkyne Functionalization". Molecules 26, nr 12 (9.06.2021): 3525. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/molecules26123525.

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In this review, we present an assessment of recent advances in alkyne functionalization reactions, classified according to different classes of recyclable catalysts. In this work, we have incorporated and reviewed the activity and selectivity of recyclable catalytic systems such as polysiloxane-encapsulated novel metal nanoparticle-based catalysts, silica–copper-supported nanocatalysts, graphitic carbon-supported nanocatalysts, metal organic framework (MOF) catalysts, porous organic framework (POP) catalysts, bio-material-supported catalysts, and metal/solvent free recyclable catalysts. In addition, several alkyne functionalization reactions have been elucidated to demonstrate the success and efficiency of recyclable catalysts. In addition, this review also provides the fundamental knowledge required for utilization of green catalysts, which can combine the advantageous features of both homogeneous (catalyst modulation) and heterogeneous (catalyst recycling) catalysis.
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Hauli, Latifah, Karna Wijaya i Ria Armunanto. "Preparation of Cr Metal Supported on Sulfated Zirconia Catalyst". Materials Science Forum 948 (marzec 2019): 221–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/msf.948.221.

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Catalyst of Chromium (Cr) metal supported on sulfated zirconia (SZ) was prepared by wet impregnation method. This study aim to determine the optimal concentration of Cr metal that impregnated on SZ catalyst. Preparation of catalyst was conducted at different concentrations of Cr metal (0.5%, 1%, 1.5% (w/w)), impregnated on SZ catalyst, then followed by the calcinationand reduction process. Catalysts were charaterized by FTIR, XRD, XRF, SAA, TEM, and acidity test. The results showed the Cr/SZ 1% had the highest acidity value of 8.22 mmol/g which confirmed from FTIR spectra. All the crystal phase of these catalysts were in monoclinic. The specific surface area increased with the increasing of Cr metal concentration on SZ catalyst and the isotherm adsorption-desorption of N2 gas observed all the catalysts as mesoporous material. The impregnation process formed particles agglomeration.
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Mardwita, Mardwita, Eka Sri Yusmartini i Nidya Wisudawati. "Effects of Cobalt and Chromium Loadings to The Catalytic Activities of Supported Metal Catalysts in Methane Oxidation". Bulletin of Chemical Reaction Engineering & Catalysis 15, nr 1 (15.01.2020): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.9767/bcrec.15.1.6320.213-220.

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A series of alumina supported cobalt and chromium catalysts with different metal loadings were prepared by impregnation method. Six types of alumina supported cobalt and chromium catalysts contained 5 wt%, 10 wt%, and 15 wt% loadings were produced and tested in methane oxidation. The catalysts were characterized by using x-ray diffraction (XRD) and carbon monoxide chemisorption (CO chemisorption). The XRD results do not confirmed any features of cobalt and chromium metal. The metal sizes for both catalysts were larger in high loading as shown by CO chemisorption results. Methane conversion results showed that the conversion increases with increasing the metal loading, however supported chromium catalysts were higher in activities compared to supported cobalt catalysts. Thermal stability tests on 15 wt% Co/Al and 15 wt% Cr/Al catalyst showed that supported chromium catalyst is more stable and maintain the particle size due to its strong interaction with support, while supported cobalt catalyst decrease in methane conversion due to deactivation of the catalyst. Copyright © 2020 BCREC Group. All rights reserved
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Mistri, Rajib, i Bidyapati Kumar. "Supported Transition Metal Catalysts for Organic Fine Chemical Synthesis: A Review". Asian Journal of Chemistry 33, nr 3 (2021): 489–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.14233/ajchem.2021.23025.

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Transition metal catalysts play an important role for synthesis of industrially and laboratory important organic fine chemicals to control the selectivity, activity and stability. In this review, we focus on mainly transition metal based supported catalyst, mainly oxide supported catalyst for heterogeneous catalytic hydrogenation and oxidation of some synthetically important organic molecules. First we discuss the industrially important catalytic organic synthetic reactions. This is followed by the role of supported metal catalysts in the heterogeneous synthetic catalytic reactions with specific attention to hydrogenation and oxidation of organic molecules. The role of base metals and noble metals in monometallic and bimetallic catalysts are then discussed. Some synthetic routes for preparation of oxide supported metal catalysts are also discussed. Finally, a general discussion of the metal-support interaction (MSI) in oxide supported metal catalysts is made.
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Hepburn, J. S. "EPMA/TEM characterization of a Pt/Al2O3 catalyst with a nonuniform internal distribution". Proceedings, annual meeting, Electron Microscopy Society of America 47 (6.08.1989): 274–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0424820100153348.

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The internal distribution of catalytically active metal within a supported metal catalyst can determine its activity, selectivity, and durability. Since the early 1950s, electron probe microanalysis has grown into a mature and widely available technique. By providing quantitative elemental analysis from volumes on the order of 1μm3, EPMA is uniquely suited for the study of metal concentration profiles in supported metal catalysts. However, independent knowledge of metal particle size or dispersion is needed to identify the catalytically active fraction of deposited metal. Most available techniques for metal particle size determination are indirect methods such as selective chemisorption. The transmission electron microscope is the only available device which is capable of resolving metal particles on the order of lnm in diameter. For years, the EPMA has been used in determining internal distributions of deposited metal within supported catalysts, while the TEM has been used to observe supported metal catalyst particles on powdered supports. However, there has been no study that combines both EPMA and TEM which attempts to furnish the information about a supported metal catalyst which is truly desired (its internal distribution of catalytically active metal). In the present work, a Pt/Al2O3 catalyst with a nonuniform internal distribution of deposited Pt was analyzed by incorporating EPMA and TEM.
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Patil, Siddappa A., Shivaputra A. Patil i Renukadevi Patil. "Magnetic Nanoparticles Supported Carbene and Amine Based Metal Complexes in Catalysis". Journal of Nano Research 42 (lipiec 2016): 112–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/jnanor.42.112.

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Catalysis is one of the hottest research topics in chemistry. In recent years, metal complexes attracted great interest as catalysts towards various types of organic reactions. However, these catalysts, in most cases, suffer from the deficits during their recovery, recycling and the difficulty in separation of catalysts from the products. Therefore, the design and synthesis of recoverable and recyclable catalyst is very important aspect in catalysis. The aim of this review article is to highlight the speedy growth in the synthesis and catalytic applications of magnetic nanoparticles (Fe3O4, MNPs) supported N-heterocyclic carbene (NHC) and amine based metal complexes in various organic reactions. Furthermore, these catalysts can be easily separated from the reaction media with the external magnet and reused various times without a substantial loss of catalytic activity.
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Gökağaç, Gülsün, i Brendan J. Kennedy. "Carbon Supported Pt+Os Catalysts for Methanol Oxidation". Zeitschrift für Naturforschung B 57, nr 2 (1.02.2002): 193–201. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/znb-2002-0211.

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11% Pt/C, 10% Pt + 1%Os/C, 9% Pt + 2%Os/C, 8% Pt + 3%Os/C, 7% Pt + 4%Os/C, 6% Pt + 5%Os/C and 5%Pt + 6% Os/C catalysts have been prepared for methanol oxidation reaction. Transmission electron microscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and cyclic voltammetry have been used to understand the nature of the species present in these catalysts. 7% Pt + 4% Os/C was the most active catalyst, while 8% Pt + 3% Os/C was the least active one. It is found that the metal particle size and distribution on the carbon support, the surface composition and the oxidation states of the metal particles, the metal-metal and metal support interactions are important parameters to define the activity of the catalyst.
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Ye, Ke, Ying Liu, Shubin Wu i Junping Zhuang. "Efficient catalytic liquefaction of organosolv lignin over transition metal supported on HZSM-5". BioResources 17, nr 2 (25.03.2022): 2275–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.15376/biores.17.2.2275-2295.

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In this work, the catalytic liquefaction of eucalyptus organosolv lignin (EOL) over hydrogen type-zeolite socony mobile-five (HZSM-5) zeolite supported transition metals in an ethanol system was studied, and a cheap transition metal NiCr/HZSM-5 catalyst was prepared. Among them, nickel and chromium proved to have a good synergistic effect, which could remarkably enhance the acidity of the catalyst surface, and the catalytic effect was better than Ru-based precious metal catalysts and commercial Raney Ni catalysts. Meanwhile, the optimal reaction process of NiCr/HZSM-5 and Raney Ni catalyst for synergistic catalysis of EOL was explored. Under the optimal process conditions, the lignin liquefaction rate reached 95.9%, the monophenol yield was 8.64%, and the char content was only 2.08%. Furthermore, 1H-13C heteronuclear single quantum correlation nuclear magnetic resonance (1H-13C HSQC NMR) showed that the β-O-4, β-β, and β-5 linkages of lignin were effectively broken. Thus, a higher liquefaction rate of lignin was realized, which provided the possibility for further comprehensive utilization of lignin.
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Sasaki, Teruyoshi, Yusuke Horino, Tadashi Ohtake, Kazufumi Ogawa i Yoshifumi Suzaki. "A Highly Efficient Monolayer Pt Nanoparticle Catalyst Prepared on a Glass Fiber Surface". Catalysts 10, nr 5 (25.04.2020): 472. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/catal10050472.

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Over the past few years, various nanoparticle-supported precious metal-based catalysts have been investigated to reduce the emission of harmful substances from automobiles. Generally, precious metal nanoparticle-based exhaust gas catalysts are prepared using the impregnation method. However, these catalysts suffer from the low catalytic activity of the precious metal nanoparticles involved. Therefore, in this study, we developed a novel method for preparing highly efficient glass fiber-supported Pt nanoparticle catalysts. We uniformly deposited a single layer of platinum particles on the support surface using a chemically adsorbed monomolecular film. The octane combustion performance of the resulting catalyst was compared with that of a commercial catalyst. The precious metal loading ratio of the proposed catalyst was approximately seven times that of the commercial catalyst. Approximately one-twelfth of the mass of the proposed catalyst exhibited a performance comparable to that of the commercial catalyst. Thus, the synthesis method used herein can be used to reduce the weight, size, and manufacturing cost of exhaust gas purification devices used in cars.
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Mita, Yasuhiro. "Development of metal-supported catalyst." DENKI-SEIKO[ELECTRIC FURNACE STEEL] 61, nr 2 (1990): 124–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4262/denkiseiko.61.124.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Supported metal catalyst"

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Widyaningrum, Rosalia Nugraheni. "Mesoporous silica-supported catalysts to enhance hydrogen production during cellulose pyrolysis". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2011. https://hdl.handle.net/2123/28917.

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Pyrolysis of biomass has been studied worldwide as a potential path to produce hydrogen from renewable sources. Major problem in a non-catalytic biomass pyrolysis is tar formation, which causes complication in the utilization of product gas. Elimination of tar requires a high temperature, and it leads to low energy efficiency since tar itself contains high potential energy. The utilization of metal catalysts is considered an effective method to reduce tar content and subsequently increase the hydrogen production. Nickel catalyst has been previously investigated for its tar cracking activity and identified as one of the best catalysts, but it has a drawback when used at high temperature because sintering of metal particle and carbon deposition occur. To address this challenge, a suitable catalyst support and promoter are required to minimize sintering and enhance the activity of nickel catalyst. This project approached the issue by studying the potential catalyst supports and the effect of promoter in the catalytic activity of nickel catalyst. Three catalyst supports: mesoporous silica SBA-15 (Santa Barbara Amorphous), MCF (Mesocellular Foam), and commercial y-Alz03 were investigated, and palladium was chosen as a promoter. Mesoporous silica SBA-15 and MCF were synthesized using sol-gel method with Pluronic P123 as a structure directing agent, tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) as a silica source, and 1,3,5-trimethylbenzene as a swelling agent for MCF synthesis. Nickel and palladium were deposited into the supports by wet impregnation techniques. The catalysts were characterized using N2 adsorption-desorption (BET and BJH methods), x­ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and x-ray fluorescence (XRF). The activity of the catalyst was tested in cellulose pyrolysis using thermogravimetric analyzer coupled to a mass spectroscopy (TGA-MS). This work studied the role of nickel catalysts in the pyrolysis of cellulose, the role of catalyst supports, and the effect of Pd promoter in increasing the catalytic activity to enhance hydrogen production. The results of this study suggest that mesoporous silica MCF was a good catalyst support because the MCF-supported Ni catalyst gave the highest H2 yield. The H2 yield was 73.5 mL/ g cellulose, which was 1.7 times H2 yield from SBA-15-supported Ni-catalyst, and 3.3 times H2 yield produced by y-Alz03-supported Ni-catalyst. The addition of 0.5 wt% Pd promoter also increased the H2 yield by 14%.
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Iwanow, Melanie [Verfasser], i Burkhard [Akademischer Betreuer] König. "Supported Metal Catalyst Preparation using Deep Eutectic Solvents / Melanie Iwanow ; Betreuer: Burkhard König". Regensburg : Universitätsbibliothek Regensburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1215905971/34.

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Min, Byoung Koun. "Scanning tunneling microscopic studies of SiO2 thin film supported metal nano-clusters". Diss., Texas A&M University, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/2737.

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This dissertation is focused on understanding heterogeneous metal catalysts supported on oxides using a model catalyst system of SiO2 thin film supported metal nano-clusters. The primary technique applied to this study is scanning tunneling microscopy (STM). The most important constituent of this model catalyst system is the SiO2 thin film, as it must be thin and homogeneous enough to apply electron or ion based surface science techniques as well as STM. Ultra-thin SiO2 films were successfully synthesized on a Mo(112) single crystal. The electronic and geometric structure of the SiO2 thin film was investigated by STM combined with LEED, Auger electron spectroscopy (AES), and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS). The relationship between defects on the SiO2 thin film and the nucleation and growth of metal nano-clusters was also investigated. By monitoring morphology changes during thermal annealing, it was found that the metal-support interaction is strongly dependent on the type of metal as well as on the defect density of the SiO2 thin film. Especially, it was found that oxygen vacancies and Si impurities play an important role in the formation of Pd-silicide. By substituting Ti atoms into the SiO2 thin film network, an atomically mixed TiO2-SiO2 thin film was synthesized. Furthermore, these Ti atoms play a role as heterogeneous defects, resulting in the creation of nucleation sites for Au nano-clusters. A marked increase in Au cluster density due to Ti defects was observed in STM. A TiO2-SiO2 thin film consisting of atomic Ti as well as TiOx islands was also synthesized by using higher amounts of Ti (17 %). More importantly, this oxide surface was found to have sinter resistant properties for Au nano-clusters, which are desirable in order to make highly active Au nano-clusters more stable under reaction conditions.
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Kamiuchi, Naoto. "Studies on Nano-structures and Catalytic Activities of Oxide-supported Precious Metal Catalysts". 京都大学 (Kyoto University), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/120878.

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Wang, Shengye. "Algal and alginate based beads and foams as sorbents for metal sorption and catalyst supports for 3-nitrophenol hydrogenation". Thesis, Montpellier, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MONTG001.

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Ce travail décrit la synthèse d'une série de matériaux à base de biomasse d'alginate et d'algues; ces matériaux ont été conçus sous différentes formes: billes et mousses. Des procédés spécifiques ont été mis au point pour l’utilisation directe de la biomasse algale (AB, sans ajout d’autres polymères) avec le souci de développer un processus de synthèse simple et respectueux de l’environnement (production réduite de sous-produits et sans additif supplémentaire). Ces matériaux ont été testés pour la décontamination d’effluents contenant des métaux lourds (Pb(II) et Cu(II)), mais également pour la valorisation des métaux (métaux du groupe platine, PGM: Pd(II) et Pt(IV)). Différents paramètres opératoires ont été testés afin d'évaluer les capacités de sorption et les étapes limitantes, mais également d'identifier des stratégies d’amélioration des performances d’adsorption. L’incorporation de poly(éthylèneimine) (PEI) est une méthode prometteuse pour augmenter la densité de groupes réactifs (fonctions amines). Différents procédés ont été testés: (a) l'incorporation de particules de PEI réticulées avec du glutaraldéhyde (billes hétérogènes: ABA/PEI), et (b) le greffage homogène de PEI sur de l'alginate (suivi de la réticulation par le glutaraldéhyde) (billes homogènes HABA/PEI). La spectroscopie FTIR et l'analyse MEB& MEB-EDX ont été utilisées pour interpréter les mécanismes de fixation ainsi que pour caractériser la structure des matériaux. Dans une deuxième étape, les matériaux sélectionnés ont été testés pour la catalyse supportée en utilisant la réaction d'hydrogénation du 3–nitrophénol (3-NP). Les résultats sont structurés en 3 parties développées successivement: (a) synthèse des billes d’alginate, AB et AB/PEI et étude de l’adsorption de métaux lourds et de PGMs, (b) comparaison des propriétés d’adsorption du Pd(II) par les billes composites AB/PEI préparées par les voies homogène et hétérogène (et leur application aux tests en catalyse supportée), et (c) la synthèse de mousses poreuses (préparées par réaction entre l’alginate et la PEI) appliquées à l’adsorption du Pd(II) et à la catalyse supportée en réacteur à lit fixe.Si la PEI a un effet limité sur la fixation des métaux lourds (interaction avec les groupes carboxyliques de la biomasse d'alginate ou d'algues), sa présence améliore l’adsorption des métaux dans le cas des PGMs (les groupes amine protonés ont une forte affinité pour les espèces chloro-anioniques du Pd(II)) en particulier pour les billes d'alginate et AB. Tous les adsorbants ont une préférence pour le Pb(II) par rapport au Cu(II) et pour le Pd(II) par rapport au Pt(IV); la présence de PEI limite la sélectivité du matériau pour le Pb(II) et le Pd(II). La capacité de fixation et la stabilité des billes composites d'alginate/PEI ont été améliorées en utilisant le mode de synthèse homogène (la PEI étant dispersée de manière homogène dans la bille avant la réticulation par le glutaraldéhyde). Les deux supports (billes hétérogènes ou homogènes) chargés en Pd(II) (ensuite réduit) ont permis des performances catalytiques comparables bien qu’inférieures à celles des catalyseurs classiques, mais le mode homogène améliore la stabilité à long terme du matériau. Le conditionnement du support catalytique sous forme de mousse a permis de tester la réaction catalytique dans un système à lit fixe : le conditionnement sous forme de mousse améliore les propriétés de transfert de masse par rapport aux billes et la constante de vitesse apparente n'est que légèrement réduite après 30 cycles de fonctionnement
This work describes the synthesis of a series of materials based on alginate and algal biomass (AB); these materials have been designed under different shapes: beads and foams. Special processes have been developed for directly using the algal biomass (without adding other polymers) with the double objective of simple processing and environmentally-friendly manufacturing (reduced production of sub-products and without additional resources). These materials have been tested first for metal recovery for heavy metal decontamination (Pb(II) and Cu(II)) but also for the valorization of metals (platinum groups metals, PGMs: Pd(II) and Pt(IV)). These studies were performed investigating various operating conditions in order to evaluate sorption capacities and limiting steps but also to identify the processes to be used for improving sorption performance. The incorporation of poly(ethyleneimine), PEI, is a promising method for increasing the density of highly reactive groups (amine functions). Different processes have been tested: (a) the incorporation of particles of PEI crosslinked with glutaraldehyde (heterogeneous beads: ABA/PEI), and (b) the homogeneous grafting of PEI on alginate (followed by glutaraldehyde crosslinking) (HABA/PEI beads). Several techniques have been used for characterizing the sorption process and the structure of developed sorbents, including FTIR spectroscopy, SEM & SEM-EDX analysis. In a second step selected materials have been tested for supported catalysis using the simple reaction of hydrogenation of 3–nitrophenol (3-NP) as a test reaction. The results are structured in 3 parts successively developed: (a) synthesis of alginate, AB and AB/PEI beads and testing for sorption heavy metals and PGMs, (b) comparison of Pd(II) sorption properties of AB/PEI composite beads prepared by the homogeneous and the heterogeneous routes (and their application to supported catalytic tests), and (c) synthesis of highly porous foams (prepared by reaction of alginate with PEI) and the testing of Pd(II) sorption and Pd-supported catalysis (in fixed-bed reactor). While PEI hardly affects the sorption of heavy metals (due to direct interaction with carboxylic groups of alginate or algal biomass), the presence of PEI strongly improves metal binding in the case of PGMs (the protonated amine groups strongly bind chloro-anionic PGM species). All the sorbents have a preference for Pb(II) over Cu(II) and for Pd(II) over Pt(IV), especially for alginate and AB beads because the presence of PEI limits the selectivity of the material for Pb(II) and Pd(II). Both the sorption capacity and the stability of composite alginate/PEI beads were improved while using the homogeneous synthesis mode (the PEI polymer being homogeneously dispersed in the bead before glutaraldehyde crosslinking). The two supports (heterogeneous vs. homogeneous beads) loaded with Pd(II) and subsequently reduced gave comparable catalytic performance (lower than conventional catalysts) but the homogeneous mode improves the long-term stability. The conditioning of the catalytic support as a foam allows testing the catalytic reaction in fixed-bed system: the conditioning improves mass transfer properties compared to beads and the apparent rate constant is only slightly reduced after operating 30 cycles
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CORVA, MANUEL. "Experimental modeling of nanostructured and single metal atom supported catalysts at close-to-ambient conditions". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Trieste, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/11368/2991050.

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This Thesis work deals with the growth and characterization of model nanostructured surface systems in ultra-high vacuum environment (UHV, <10−9 mbar) and with their evolution at near ambient pressure (NAP, 0.1 - 100 mbar) conditions. The investigations are performed with the aid of specific in situ techniques (IR-Vis SFG, NAP-XPS, etc.) in order to probe the structural, electronic, chemical and catalytic properties of the models. The latter span from ordered lattices of metal nanoparticles to 2D metallorganic crystals, where stabilized mono-metallic centers act as the active cores. These systems, based on single metal atom centers, represent the main topic of this manuscript and they will be referred to as Single Metal Atom Catalysts (SMAC). The discussion of the scientific findings will first focus on the evolution of graphene supported Pt nanoclusters in CO atmosphere, varying both surface temperature and CO pressure to test the stability of the nanostructures. As degradation of this nanosystem occurs at realistic reaction conditions, the attention was shifted to the design and synthesis of model SMAC systems, where the single metal atom is stabilized in a metallorganic cage, thus preventing structural degradation. A first, prototype SMAC model system consisted of a single layer of Nickel tetraphenyl porphyrins (Ni-TPPs) deposited on the Cu(100) surface. We proved that, following to NO exposure, a hyponitrite species (N2O2) readily forms at the Ni sites already at UHV conditions and is stable at room temperature. The NO conversion is observed only on the NiTPP monolayer interacting with the underlying copper surface, showing that the substrate plays a major role, governing the properties of the nanostructured system through trans-effects associated with a strong surface-to-molecule charge transfer. A single Iron Phthalocyanine (FePc) layer was instead considered for a model carbonylation reaction. The metalorganic molecules were deposited both on a single foil of graphene, grown on the Ir(111) surface (FePc/GR), and on an alumina ultra-thin film, grown on the Ni3Al(111) surface (FePc/alumina). In both cases, we exploited CO adsorption to probe the molecular active sites. On the FePc/GR layer, IR-Vis SFG evidenced unexpected CO stretching modes in 1-10 mbar CO at 300 K. We ascribe the observed vibrational features to the production of long-lived molecular excitons (induced by the visible radiation). The long lifetime of these excitons and their efficient production through singlet-fission mechanisms represent intriguing findings for innovative organic devices for solar energy conversion. We also investigated the interaction of the same system with gas-phase CO2 We found that oxidation of the underlying graphene support yields the control of the charge transfer to the active sites, thus reducing the threshold pressure for CO2 adsorption and activation at 300 K by at least two orders of magnitude. As CO2 catalytic conversion is hindered by its low reactivity, enhancing its adsorption to metal sites is crucial in the framework of the efficient conversion of this waste gas to valuable chemicals. A practical route to alter the mesoscopic properties of the single metal atom centers has been found, and in parallel we proved a novel graphene oxidation route employing molecular oxygen at near ambient pressure. Concerning instead the FePc/alumina film, we demonstrated that decoration by Cu nanoclusters tunes the surface potential energy, inducing a different symmetry in the molecular overlayer lattice, scarcely affecting the reactivity of the metallic sites, as proved by the vibrational modes of adsorbed CO molecules. Thus, we succeeded in tailoring the motif of a self-assembled metallorganic layer while preserving its active sites properties.
This Thesis work deals with the growth and characterization of model nanostructured surface systems in ultra-high vacuum environment (UHV, <10−9 mbar) and with their evolution at near ambient pressure (NAP, 0.1 - 100 mbar) conditions. The investigations are performed with the aid of specific in situ techniques (IR-Vis SFG, NAP-XPS, etc.) in order to probe the structural, electronic, chemical and catalytic properties of the models. The latter span from ordered lattices of metal nanoparticles to 2D metallorganic crystals, where stabilized mono-metallic centers act as the active cores. These systems, based on single metal atom centers, represent the main topic of this manuscript and they will be referred to as Single Metal Atom Catalysts (SMAC). The discussion of the scientific findings will first focus on the evolution of graphene supported Pt nanoclusters in CO atmosphere, varying both surface temperature and CO pressure to test the stability of the nanostructures. As degradation of this nanosystem occurs at realistic reaction conditions, the attention was shifted to the design and synthesis of model SMAC systems, where the single metal atom is stabilized in a metallorganic cage, thus preventing structural degradation. A first, prototype SMAC model system consisted of a single layer of Nickel tetraphenyl porphyrins (Ni-TPPs) deposited on the Cu(100) surface. We proved that, following to NO exposure, a hyponitrite species (N2O2) readily forms at the Ni sites already at UHV conditions and is stable at room temperature. The NO conversion is observed only on the NiTPP monolayer interacting with the underlying copper surface, showing that the substrate plays a major role, governing the properties of the nanostructured system through trans-effects associated with a strong surface-to-molecule charge transfer. A single Iron Phthalocyanine (FePc) layer was instead considered for a model carbonylation reaction. The metalorganic molecules were deposited both on a single foil of graphene, grown on the Ir(111) surface (FePc/GR), and on an alumina ultra-thin film, grown on the Ni3Al(111) surface (FePc/alumina). In both cases, we exploited CO adsorption to probe the molecular active sites. On the FePc/GR layer, IR-Vis SFG evidenced unexpected CO stretching modes in 1-10 mbar CO at 300 K. We ascribe the observed vibrational features to the production of long-lived molecular excitons (induced by the visible radiation). The long lifetime of these excitons and their efficient production through singlet-fission mechanisms represent intriguing findings for innovative organic devices for solar energy conversion. We also investigated the interaction of the same system with gas-phase CO2 We found that oxidation of the underlying graphene support yields the control of the charge transfer to the active sites, thus reducing the threshold pressure for CO2 adsorption and activation at 300 K by at least two orders of magnitude. As CO2 catalytic conversion is hindered by its low reactivity, enhancing its adsorption to metal sites is crucial in the framework of the efficient conversion of this waste gas to valuable chemicals. A practical route to alter the mesoscopic properties of the single metal atom centers has been found, and in parallel we proved a novel graphene oxidation route employing molecular oxygen at near ambient pressure. Concerning instead the FePc/alumina film, we demonstrated that decoration by Cu nanoclusters tunes the surface potential energy, inducing a different symmetry in the molecular overlayer lattice, scarcely affecting the reactivity of the metallic sites, as proved by the vibrational modes of adsorbed CO molecules. Thus, we succeeded in tailoring the motif of a self-assembled metallorganic layer while preserving its active sites properties.
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Xu, Chunbao. "Continuous and batch hydrothermal synthesis of metal oxide nanoparticles and metal oxide-activated carbon nanocomposites". Diss., Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07302006-231517/.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2007.
Teja, Amyn, Committee Chair ; Kohl, Paul, Committee Member ; Liu, Meilin, Committee Member ; Nair,Sankar, Committee Member ; Rousseau, Ronald, Committee Member.
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Verna, Frédérique. "Etude de l'interaction metal-compose sulfure en catalyse d'hydrogenation". Paris 6, 1988. http://www.theses.fr/1988PA066584.

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Dans la premiere partie de ce travail, l'adsorption de divers composes sulfures sur des catalyseurs palladium sur alumine a ete etudiee dans les conditions de l'hydrogenation en phase liquide et a une temperature inferieure a 100**(o)c. Dans une deuxieme partie, l'etude s'est portee sur l'influence du taux de couverture en soufre sur les proprietes catalytiques de pd/al::(2)o::(3) dans diverses reactions. Hydrogenation du butene-1, du butadiene-1,3, du butyne-1, ainsi que l'isomerisation du butene-1 en butene-2
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Price, Robert. "Metal/metal oxide co-impregnated lanthanum strontium calcium titanate anodes for solid oxide fuel cells". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/16018.

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Solid Oxide Fuel Cells (SOFC) are electrochemical energy conversion devices which allow fuel gases, e.g. hydrogen or natural gas, to be converted to electricity and heat at much high efficiencies than combustion-based energy conversion technologies. SOFC are particularly suited to employment in stationary energy conversion applications, e.g. micro-combined heat and power (μ-CHP) and base load, which are certain to play a large role in worldwide decentralisation of power distribution and supply over the coming decades. Use of high-temperature SOFC technology within these systems is also a vital requirement in order to utilise fuel gases which are readily available in different areas of the world. Unfortunately, the limiting factor to the long-term commercialisation of SOFC systems is the redox instability, coking intolerance and sulphur poisoning of the state-of-the-art Ni-based cermet composite anode material. This research explores the ‘powder to power' development of alternative SOFC anode catalyst systems by impregnation of an A-site deficient La0.20Sr0.25Ca0.45TiO3 (LSCT[sub](A-)) anode ‘backbone' microstructure with coatings of ceria-based oxide ion conductors and metallic electrocatalyst particles, in order to create a SOFC anode which exhibits high redox stability, tolerance to sulphur poisoning and low voltage degradation rates under operating conditions. A 75 weight percent (wt. %) solids loading LSCT[sub](A-) ink, exhibiting ideal properties for screen printing of thick-film SOFC anode layers, was screen printed with 325 and 230 mesh counts (per inch) screens onto electrolyte supports. Sintering of anode layers between 1250 °C and 1350 °C for 1 to 2 hours indicated that microstructures printed with the 230 mesh screen provided a higher porosity and improved grain connectivity than those printed with the 325 mesh screen. Sintering anode layers at 1350 °C for 2 hours provided an anode microstructure with an advantageous combination of lateral grain connectivity and porosity, giving rise to an ‘effective' electrical conductivity of 17.5 S cm−1 at 850 °C. Impregnation of this optimised LSCT[sub](A-) anode scaffold with 13-16 wt. % (of the anode mass) Ce0.80Gd0.20O1.90 (CGO) and either Ni (5 wt. %), Pd, Pt, Rh or Ru (2-3 wt. %) and integration into SOFC resulted in achievement of Area Specific Resistances (ASR) of as low as 0.39 Ω cm−2, using thick (160 μm) 6ScSZ electrolytes. Durability testing of SOFC with Ni/CGO, Ni/CeO2, Pt/CGO and Rh/CGO impregnated LSCT[sub](A-) anodes was subsequently carried out in industrial button cell test rigs at HEXIS AG, Winterthur, Switzerland. Both Ni/CGO and Pt/CGO cells showed unacceptable levels of degradation (14.9% and 13.4%, respectively) during a ~960 hour period of operation, including redox/thermo/thermoredox cycling treatments. Significantly, by exchanging the CGO component for the CeO2 component in the SOFC containing Ni, the degradation over the same time period was almost halved. Most importantly, galvanostatic operation of the SOFC with a Rh/CGO impregnated anode for >3000 hours (without cycling treatments) resulted in an average voltage degradation rate of < 1.9% kh−1 which, to the author's knowledge, has not previously been reported for an alternative, SrTiO3-based anode material. Finally, transfer of the Rh/CGO impregnated LSCT[sub](A-) anode to industrial short stack (5 cells) scale at HEXIS AG revealed that operation in relevant conditions, with low gas flow rates, resulted in accelerated degradation of the Rh/CGO anode. During a 1451 hour period of galvanostatic operation, with redox cycles and overload treatments, a voltage degradation of 19.2% was observed. Redox cycling was noted to briefly recover performance of the stack before rapidly degrading back to the pre-redox cycling performance, though redox cycling does not affect this anode detrimentally. Instead, a more severe, underlying degradation mechanism, most likely caused by instability and agglomeration of Rh nanoparticles under operating conditions, is responsible for this observed degradation. Furthermore, exposure of the SOFC to fuel utilisations of >100% (overloading) had little effect on the Rh/CGO co-impregnated LSCT[sub](A-) anodes, giving a direct advantage over the standard HEXIS SOFC. Finally, elevated ohmic resistances caused by imperfect contacting with the Ni-based current collector materials highlighted that a new method of current collection must be developed for use with these anode materials.
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Anderson, J. B. F. "Strong metal-support interactions in titania-supported metal catalysts". Thesis, University of Reading, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.372539.

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Książki na temat "Supported metal catalyst"

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1962-, Anderson James A., i Fernández Garcia Marcos, red. Supported metals in catalysis. Hackensack, NJ: World Scientific, 2005.

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1937-, Anderson James A., i Fernández Garcia Marcos, red. Supported metals in catalysis. London: Imperial College Press, 2005.

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Supported metals in catalysis. Wyd. 2. London : Imperial College Press: Distributed by World Scientific, 2012.

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Baker, R. T. K., 1938-, Tauster S. J. 1935-, Dumesic J. A. 1949-, American Chemical Society. Division of Petroleum Chemistry., American Chemical Society. Division of Industrial and Engineering Chemistry., American Chemical Society. Division of Colloid and Surface Chemistry. i American Chemical Society Meeting, red. Strong metal-support interactions. Washington, DC: The Society, 1986.

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A, Stevenson Scott, red. Metal-support interactions in catalysis, sintering, and redispersion. New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold Co., 1987.

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Adamiec, Jan. Badania nad wpływem nośnika na własności sorpcyjne i stabilność termiczna katalizatorów typu metal grupy platyny-nośnik tlenkowy. Poznań: Wydawn. Nauk. Uniwersytetu im. Adama Mickiewicza w Poznaniu, 1989.

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Verma, Nita. A study of supported metal catalysts. Uxbridge: Brunel University, 1991.

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Supported metal complexes: A new generation of catalysts. Dordrecht: D. Reidel, 1985.

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Rollins, Keith. Preparation and characterisation of supported metal chloride oxychlorination catalysts. Uxbridge: Brunel University, 1985.

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Habibi, D. Catalysis of petrochemical reactions by supported metal complexes. Manchester: UMIST, 1987.

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Części książek na temat "Supported metal catalyst"

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Cohen, J. B., P. Georgopoulos, J. B. Butt i R. L. Burwell. "Diffraction from Supported Metal Catalysts". W Catalyst Characterization Science, 385–90. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1985-0288.ch033.

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Miura, H., S. S. Feng, R. Saymeh i R. D. Gonzalez. "The Effect of Support-Metal Precursor Interactions on the Surface Composition of Supported Bimetallic Clusters". W Catalyst Characterization Science, 294–304. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 1985. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-1985-0288.ch025.

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Chatterjee, Maya, Takayuki Ishizaka i Hajima Kawanami. "Selective Hydrogenation in Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Using Metal Supported Heterogeneous Catalyst". W ACS Symposium Series, 191–250. Washington, DC: American Chemical Society, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1021/bk-2015-1194.ch009.

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Darji, R., i A. Howie. "Secondary electron imaging in characterisation of heterogeneous supported metal catalyst systems." W Electron Microscopy and Analysis 1997, 391–94. Boca Raton: CRC Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1201/9781003063056-101.

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Koleva, M. K., A. E. Eiyias i L. A. Petrov. "Fractal Power Spectrum at Catalytic Oxidation of HCOOH over Supported Pd Catalyst". W Metal-Ligand Interactions in Chemistry, Physics and Biology, 353–69. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-011-4245-8_15.

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Kapil, Nidhi. "Controlled Engineering of Supported Metal Nanoparticles Using Electrospraying: Robust Removal of Stabilising Ligands". W Stable Supported Gold Nanoparticle Catalyst for Environmentally Responsible Propylene Epoxidation, 157–81. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-15066-1_7.

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Masson, A. "Peculiar Aspects of Heterogeneous Nucleation and Growth Processes Related to Metal Supported Catalyst". W Contribution of Clusters Physics to Materials Science and Technology, 295–309. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-009-4374-2_9.

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Nagai, Takashi, Hiroki Kumakura, Masahito Abe, Kotaro Seki i Daiki Noguchi. "Development of a New Recycling Process of PGM from Metal-Supported Catalyst Using Complex Oxide". W Characterization of Minerals, Metals, and Materials 2017, 379–82. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-51382-9_41.

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Rana, Surjyakanta, i Kulamani Parida. "Transition Metal-Substituted Salt of Tungsten-Based Polyoxometalate-Supported Mesoporous Silica as a Catalyst for Organic Transformation Reactions". W Environmentally Benign Catalysts, 57–90. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-007-6710-2_3.

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Reek, J. N. H., P. W. N. M. Van Leeuwen, A. G. J. Van Der Ham i A. B. De Haan. "Supported Catalysts". W Catalysis by Metal Complexes, 39–72. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-4087-3_3.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Supported metal catalyst"

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Nishizawa, Kimiyoshi, Kohji Masuda, Hideaki Horie i Junichiro Hirohashi. "Development of Improved Metal-Supported Catalyst". W SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/890188.

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Ghosh, Bankim B., Prokash Chandra Roy, Mita Ghosh, Paritosh Bhattacharya, Rajsekhar Panua i Prasanta K. Santra. "Control of S.I. Engine Exhaust Emissions Using Non-Precious Catalyst (ZSM-5) Supported Bimetals and Noble Metals as Catalyst". W ASME 2005 Internal Combustion Engine Division Spring Technical Conference. ASMEDC, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/ices2005-1025.

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Three Way Catalysts (TWC) are extensively used for simultaneous control of three principal automotive pollutants, namely carbon monoxide (CO), Oxides of nitrogen (NOx), and hydrocarbon (HC). Most of works on three way catalytic converter have been carried out with noble metals such as Platinum, Rhodium, and Iridium have been tried individually and in different combinations and proportions. Noble metal catalysts give very good performance of reduction of (NOx), CO and HC in the narrow range of stoichiometric Air Fuel ratio. Noble metals are costly and not abundantly available. These draw backs of the noble metal catalysts have inspired to search for the alternative catalysts, which will perform well over the wide range of A/F ratio and are economical and abundantly available. This paper discusses the processing of ZSM-5 to Cu-Ion- Exchanged ZSM-5, ZSM-5 supported Cu-Pt bimetallic catalyst and Cu-Rh bimetallic catalyst and placing them in a three staged converter to study the reduction efficiencies of exhaust emissions CO, NOx, and HC in a 800 cc Maruti S. I. Engine. The experiments are carried out at 1500 rpm, 17.6 A/F ratio, different catalyst bed temperatures and different engine loads 0%, 17.5%, 35%, 52.5%, and 70% of full load. The results achieved are the maximum reduction of CO 90% at 375 °C NOx 90% at 375 °C and HC 61% at 380 °C. The same engine was also run for Noble metal converter (NMC) (EURO-II) purchased from an authorized Maruti distributor and the maximum reduction achieved were CO 89% at 375° C, NOx 91% at 375° C, and HC 70% at 390° C comparable to Zeolite Catalytic Converter (ZCC).
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Takada, Toshihiro, i Takashi Tanaka. "Development of a Highly Heat-Resistant Metal Supported Catalyst". W International Congress & Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/910615.

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Chen, Lan, i Yuheng Quan. "Catalytic Ozonation Using Metal Catalyst Supported on NaY Zeolite". W 2017 6th International Conference on Energy, Environment and Sustainable Development (ICEESD 2017). Paris, France: Atlantis Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.2991/iceesd-17.2017.156.

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Wu, Quanwen, Wenhua Luo, Daqiao Meng, Jinchun Bao i Jingwen Ba. "High Efficient Detritiation Catalysts for Fusion Safety". W 2018 26th International Conference on Nuclear Engineering. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icone26-81269.

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Tritium is indispensable to the fusion reactor engineering, and it must be seriously defended because of its radioactivity and permeability. The method of catalytic oxidation and absorption is the most widely used process for tritium cleanup so far, in which detritiation catalyst is of great importance. The poor stability caused by the agglomeration of noble metal limits the life of detritiation catalysts. Here, Anti–Ostwald Ripening is used to prepare single-atom detritiation catalysts S-Pt/Ce0.7Zr0.3O2 for tritium (HT, DT and T2) oxidation. Single-atom dispersed Pt ensures the catalytic activity and decreased the economic cost. The strong metal-support interaction (SMSI) keeps Pt from aggregating, thus increases the working life of catalyst. And Pd based catalyst supported by a cation ordered κ-Ce2Zr2O8 is prepared for tritiated methane (CH4-xTx) oxidation. Tritiated methane is mostly oxidized by Pd/κ-Ce2Zr2O8 at about 450 °C, which is at least 50 °C lower than normal catalysts (such as Pd/Al2O3).
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Dahlan, I. Nyoman Marsih, I. G. B. N. Makertihartha, Piyasan Praserthdam, Joongjai Panpranot i Ismunandar. "Metal (Fe, Co, Ni) supported on different aluminas as Fischer-Tropsch catalyst". W THE 5TH INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON MATHEMATICS AND NATURAL SCIENCES. AIP Publishing LLC, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.4930791.

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Nitone, Umesh, Jayaveersinh Mahida, Seema Agrawal i Ravi Patel. "Silica supported copper nano particles design from metal waste apply formation of various condensation reaction". W 7th GoGreen Summit 2021. Technoarete, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.36647/978-93-92106-02-6.9.

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In recent years organic chemist focused on green chemistry for organic synthesis transformations because the silica supported catalyst is more stable, efficient and easy to recover and reusable after reaction. The silica supported copper catalyst is design from E-Waste, It used for formation of benzimidazoles from diamines and aldehydes.it is very deep work done by various catalyst, we noted in our research in unique method develop for synthesis of benzimidazoles made by condensation diamine and aldehydes via silica supported copper nano particles under EtOH as reaction media . The reactions done at 60° C temperature for 80 minute by 1:1.2 ratio mixture of diamine and aldehydes in the presence of nano catalyst to give the desired products with high purity.
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Yu, Guo, Zhou Lu, Zhao Wen, Jian Chen, Makoto Sakurai i Hideo Kameyama. "A Multipurpose Anodic Alumina Supported Metal Monolithic Catalyst for Steam Reforming of Hydrocarbon". W Innovative Materials for Processes in Energy Systems 2010. Singapore: Research Publishing Services, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.3850/978-981-08-7614-2_impres033.

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Pelters, Stephan, Friedrich W. Kaiser i Wolfgang Maus. "The Development and Application of a Metal Supported Catalyst for Porsche's 911 Carrera 4". W SAE International Congress and Exposition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/890488.

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Iotti, Corrado, Vincenzo Rossi, Luca Poggio, Mathias Holzinger, Lorenzo Pace i Manuel Presti. "Backpressure Optimized Metal Supported Close Coupled PE Catalyst - First Application on a Maserati Powertrain". W SAE 2005 World Congress & Exhibition. 400 Commonwealth Drive, Warrendale, PA, United States: SAE International, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-01-1105.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Supported metal catalyst"

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Henrich, V. Model catalyst studies of active sites and metal support interactions on vanadia and vanadia-supported catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), wrzesień 1989. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5484103.

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Gates, B. C. Metal-support bonds in supported metal catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6446860.

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Ravindra Datta, Ajeet Singh, Manuela Serban i Istvan Halasz. Supported Molten Metal Catalysis. A New Class of Catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), czerwiec 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/889459.

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Gates, B. C. Characterization of the metal-support interface in supported metal and supported metal complex catalysts. [Final report]. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10191456.

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Dosch, R., H. Stephens, F. Stohl, B. Bunker i C. Peden. Hydrous metal oxide-supported catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7015232.

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Boszormenyi, Istvan. Model heterogeneous acid catalysts and metal-support interactions: A combined surface science and catalysis study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/10115869.

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Boszormenyi, I. Model heterogeneous acid catalysts and metal-support interactions: A combined surface science and catalysis study. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), maj 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6827194.

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Metiu, Horia. Theoretical Studies of Catalysis on Supported Metal Clusters. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, grudzień 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada442760.

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Gardner, T. J., L. I. McLaughlin, L. R. Evans i A. K. Datye. Preparation and evaluation of novel hydrous metal oxide (HMO)-supported noble metal catalysts. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), kwiecień 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/671938.

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D. W. Goodman, J. Wang, B. K. Min, E. Ozensoy i F. Yang. Toward an Understanding of Catalysis by Supported Metal Nanoclusters. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), styczeń 2002. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/813462.

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