Artykuły w czasopismach: „Street vendors – united states”

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Košutić, Radmilo V. "„Наша пресвета смрт“: феномен култа Свете Смрти у Мексику". Issues in Ethnology and Anthropology 11, nr 4 (2.01.2017): 1117. http://dx.doi.org/10.21301/eap.v11i4.9.

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The purpose of this paper is brief presentation of learning and development of the cult of Saint Death, and to indicate to the interest in anthropology and religious studies on this phenomenon that contributes to a better understanding of this interesting topic. It is certainly not an exhaustive study on this issue, but only a starting point for further, more comprehensive and interdisciplinary researches. The cult of Saint Death is increasingly popular, not only in Mexico but also in neighboring countries, such as Guatemala, El Salvador and the United States. The cult of Saint Death is already a social phenomenon which has yet to be systematically explored, especially as this syncretic religious system is very popular among the Mexican underworld: drug dealers, street vendors, taxi drivers, vendors, piracy, street children, prostitutes, pickpockets, criminal gangs and murderers.

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Halperin, Rhoda H. "Response: The Use of Economic Anthropology in Economic Development". Economic Development Quarterly 9, nr 4 (listopad 1995): 321–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124249500900403.

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The author comments on the use of anthropological methodologies in economic development research and practice in a developed economy such as the United States. The focus is the article by Morales, Balkin, and Persky on the closing of Chicago's Maxwell Street Market in August 1994. The article focuses on monetary losses for both buyers (consumers of market goods) and sellers (vendors of those goods) resulting from the closing of the market. Also included are a brief history of the market and a review of the literature on the informal economy. The authors measure “the value of street vending” by combining ethnographic and economic analytical methods.

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Gargiulo, Adriana H., Stephany G. Duarte, Gabriela Z. Campos, Mariza Landgraf, Bernadette D. G. M. Franco i Uelinton M. Pinto. "Food Safety Issues Related to Eating In and Eating Out". Microorganisms 10, nr 11 (26.10.2022): 2118. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/microorganisms10112118.

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Because of growing urbanization and lack of time to prepare meals at home, eating out or getting food delivered have become common trends for many people. The consumption of food from unknown sources may impose an increased chance of contamination with microbiological hazards, especially if sanitary conditions are not met. We evaluated data from health surveillance agencies and scientific articles on foodborne diseases (FBD) reported internationally according to the exposure sites. We observed that the data are influenced by cultural, political, and socioeconomic differences. For instance, in New Zealand, Australia, United States, Denmark and India, the occurrence of FBD outbreaks was greater from foods prepared in commercial establishments and street vendors than from households. Conversely, in China, countries of the European Union and Brazil, the results are the opposite. Additionally, the pandemic imposed new eating behavior patterns, increasing delivery services and foods prepared in so-called “Dark Kitchens”. The underreporting and heterogeneity of data among countries prevented a precise conclusion to the question of whether homemade foods are inherently safer than foods prepared out. Nevertheless, a lower level of development in a country influences its sanitation conditions, as well as the number of street food vendors, the search for cheaper foods, and insufficient knowledge of the population on good hygiene practices, which can all increase the chances of FBD cases.

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Morales, Alfonso, Steven Balkin i Joseph Persky. "The Value of Benefits of a Public Street Market: The Case of Maxwell Street". Economic Development Quarterly 9, nr 4 (listopad 1995): 304–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089124249500900402.

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EDQ introduces a new format to the Forum section in this issue. Periodically an article is submitted to us that raises important policy or methodological issues that have generated sharp responses from external reviewers. We believe that the debate that has taken place between the authors and reviewers is of such importance that we have then solicited people to comment on the article. Controversy on Maxwell Street raises the issue of the marriage of anthropologic and economic techniques in economic development analysis. We hope that you find this debate as stimulating as we did. Controversy on Maxwell Street began when Morales, Balkin, and Persky submitted their article, “The Value of Benefits of a Public Street Market: The Case of Maxwell Street.” We then requested that Rhoda H. Halperin and Wim Wiewel respond. Following their responses is a rejoinder by the authors. Chicago's Maxwell Street Market was among the oldest open-air public markets in the United States. The market was closed in August 1994 and a smaller alternative market was opened on Canal Street. This article estimates monetary losses resulting from the closure of the market. First, the authors briefly discuss the markets history, followed by a review of the literature on the informal economy. The problem of quantifying the value of street vending is addressed by combining ethnographic and economic analytical methods. Ethnography is introduced in the article's third section. The authors demonstrate the usefulness of merging ethnographic and economic analysis by estimating monetary losses to vendors and consumers as a result of changes in the market's governance and location.

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Boduszyński, Mieczysław P. "A Revolution Gone Wrong: What Happened in Egypt Since 2011. H. A. Hellyer. A Revolution Undone: Egypt's Road Beyond Revolt (New York: Oxford University Press, 2017). Pp. 320. $29.95 cloth. ISBN 9780190659738. David Kirkpatrick. Into the Hands of Soldiers: Freedom and Chaos in Egypt and the Middle East (New York: Viking, 2018). Pp. 384. $28.00 cloth. ISBN 9780735220621." Review of Middle East Studies 53, nr 01 (16.05.2019): 117–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/rms.2019.5.

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Nearly nine years after a Tunisian street vendor named Mohamed Bouazizi set himself ablaze in provincial Tunisia, a sense that the aspirations of the Arab Spring were always doomed to fail has set in among pundits and policymakers. The United States, and to a large extent the European Union, have all but given up on any pretense of democracy promotion in the region and have instead turned again to well-trodden policy repertoires emphasizing a realpolitik approach.

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Kongpran, Jira, Nguyen Thi Kim Oanh i Nguyen Thanh Hang. "Health risk assessment of BTEX exposure at roadside and on-road traveling route in Bangkok Metropolitan Region". Journal of Environmental Exposure Assessment 2, nr 2 (2023): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.20517/jeea.2022.38.

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Exposure to high levels of benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, and xylenes (BTEX) poses health risks in high-traffic urban areas. BTEX exposure at two microenvironments, the roadside and along the traveling routes, within urban and suburban areas of the Bangkok Metropolitan Region was examined to assess cancer and noncancer risks. The lifetime cancer risk (LCR) for benzene and noncancer hazard index (HI) for all BTEX compounds were evaluated for adult male and female groups (drivers, passengers, and street vendors) in two scenarios: average case and worst case. With the assumption of negligible exposure outside the two considered microenvironments, the pickup drivers had the highest LCR and HI. Higher exposure risks were found in urban areas than in the suburbs and among men than females. Higher toluene levels were found at all monitoring sites in two microenvironments, but benzene was the most important in causing noncancer risk. The HI for all target groups ranged from 8.5E-03 to 4.0E-01, indicating a low noncancer risk from BTEX exposure (HI < 1). The LCR caused by benzene exposure ranged from 1.7E-06 to 7.2E-05, which is higher than the United States EPA most health-protective limit (1E-06). Further research should include other microenvironments by assessing the 24-hour exposure of all considered groups.

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Beck, Thomas J. "Revolution and Protest Online". Charleston Advisor 23, nr 2 (1.10.2021): 43–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.23.2.43.

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Revolution and Protest Online is an Alexander Street resource, which provides documents, images and videos on revolutions and resistance, protest, and social movements from the eighteenth to the twenty-first centuries. It can be purchased as a standalone collection with a perpetual access license, or it can be accessed as a Related Collection through a subscription to Global Issues Library, another Alexander Street resource. This database contains original documents and images in PDF format, as well as e-books, monographs, journals, and videos. These are drawn from a variety of national and international sources, and collectively represent several hundred images, almost 200 videos, and nearly 100,000 pages of content.This database is not difficult to navigate, and finding materials there is relatively easy, using either the basic or advanced searches or through browsing. These various search and browse functions can produce useful results, and are easily understandable, though the advanced search is arguably the most flexible and effective (but also the most complex!). Pricing for this database is based on an institution's budget, FTE, and whatever consortia arrangements it and other institutions make with the vendor. As a consequence, its price can vary considerably from one subscriber to another! For a specific price quote, contact Alexander Street. Its licensing agreement is quite average in its length and composition and is apparently the standard one for the vendor. The quality, quantity, and variety of materials in this database is notable. It will certainly be of use to those researching the political, historical, and social aspects of revolution and protest, both in the United States and around the world. However, given its price variability, it may only be of marginal value to institutions with a high purchase/subscription price and a low demand for these kinds of materials.

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Apriliasari, Nur Khasanah. "Kajian Arahan Penyediaan Ruang Kota Bagi Pedagang Kaki Lima di Kawasan Pendidikan Tembalang, Kota Semarang". JURNAL PEMBANGUNAN WILAYAH & KOTA 13, nr 4 (1.12.2017): 473. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/pwk.v13i4.18266.

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Street vendors (PKL) are one of the informal sectors that are often viewed as a parasite sector and have a negative impact on the city's image. However, the existence of street vendors also become one of the highest city's economic support and provide benefits for the community. Rukmana (2008) states that street vendors are an integral form of urban transformation from their economic system, from agriculture-based society to industry and services. Thus, the informal sector including street vendors need to be considered in the provision of space in urban areas. Street vendors in the educational area of Tembalang increasingly mushrooming after the transfer of Undip Pleburan students to Tembalang. The street vendors use public spaces and interfere with other space users, especially pedestrians and road users. This research uses positivistic-rationalism approach with quantitative research method to determine the direction of city space provision for street vendors in Tembalang educational area. The result of this research is the provision of city space for street vendors in Tembalang Educational Area directed by arranging PKL activity on strategic and accessible road corridor. Provision of space for street vendors as stated in the Decree of Mayor of Semarang no. 511.3 / 16 2001 on Land Stipulation / Location PKL needs to be reviewed because it has not contain the characteristics and needs of street vendors and consumers. The capacity of the existing space has not been able to accommodate the needs of street vendors in Tembalang Education Area in the future.

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Meher, Sonu R., Alok Ranjan, Parul Shukla i Yogita Atram. "Effect of COVID-19 lockdown on the livelihood of street vendors in Maharashtra, India". International Journal Of Community Medicine And Public Health 8, nr 11 (27.10.2021): 5297. http://dx.doi.org/10.18203/2394-6040.ijcmph20214263.

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Background: As the COVID-19 pandemic unfolded, the lockdown was implemented as the main preventive measure to contain the spread of the virus across the world. India also went under one of the most stringent nationwide lockdowns which affected the workers of the informal sector the most. This study aims to explore the impact of the COVID-19 and lockdown on the livelihood of street vendors in the Maharashtra state, one of the severely affected states, of India.Methods: Telephonic in-depth interviews were conducted from 16th May to 1st June 2020 with 20 street vendors who sold perishable goods for their livelihood. Interviews were transcribed and thematic analysis was used in analysing the data.Results: There were a total of twelve food vendors and eight fruits and vegetable vendors in the study sample. The mean age of food vendors recorded was 36.91 years, the average years of working recorded were 12.25, the mean education level was 7.83, and the average household size recorded was 5.25 (Table 1). Out of the total food vendors, 10 were male and two were females. The majority of the food vendors belong to the Vidarbha region, followed by Khandesh and Western Maharashtra.Conclusions: Findings of the study show that lockdown affected street vendors multidimensionally. Street vendors had to stop working and many had to change their profession to selling fruits and vegetables within a limited time zone with greater livelihood challenges and financial hardships.

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Hummel, Calla. "Disobedient Markets: Street Vendors, Enforcement, and State Intervention in Collective Action". Comparative Political Studies 50, nr 11 (16.01.2017): 1524–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0010414016679177.

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At 50% of the global workforce, informal workers constitute a large, diffuse, and resource-poor group with high barriers to collective action. Contrary to scholars’ expectations, informal workers organize to varying degrees in most countries, and states often encourage them to do so. Why do some informal workers organize while others do not? I argue that states can intervene in informal workers’ collective action decisions: As enforcement costs increase, states may pay informal workers to organize, and then bargain with the resulting organization over self-regulation. I present a game theoretic model of state intervention in collective action and illustrate it with original ethnographic, survey, and interview evidence from street markets in La Paz, Bolivia. I suggest that informal workers interact strategically with states and conclude with implications for formalization policies.

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Mohammad, Zahra H., Heyao Yu, Jack A. Neal, Kristen E. Gibson i Sujata A. Sirsat. "Food Safety Challenges and Barriers in Southern United States Farmers Markets". Foods 9, nr 1 (21.12.2019): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods9010012.

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Purchasing fresh and local produce at farmers markets has seen an increasing trend over the past decade. However, with this rise in popularity food safety challenges need to be recognized and addressed. Farmers market managers play a significant role in ensuring that vendors implement food safety practices at the market. Thus, this study investigated the food safety perceptions of farmers markets managers and vendors in Texas and Arkansas. A total of 123 participants were surveyed, including 38 managers and 85 vendors. The survey included a series of questions to determine gaps in vendor and manager food safety knowledge as well as the barriers and factors that prevent the implementation of relevant food safety practices. The results indicate that a lack of facilities, equipment, and resources containing food safety guidelines specific to farmers markets were the major barriers to the implementation of food safety practices. In addition, only 36.7% of participants had formal food safety training (e.g., ServSafe) and approximately 50% of the market managers provided food safety materials to their vendors. Overall, these data suggest that the development of farmers market-specific training programs to enhance food safety behaviors and practices in farmers markets would be beneficial to stakeholders.

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Norlaila Abdullah Chik, Ahmad Zubir Ibrahim, Nur’Jila Mohammad, Siti Syuhadah Mohamad i Zuriana Zahrin. "CONTRIBUTION OF INFORMAL STREET VENDORS TO LOCAL GOVERNMENT REVENUE DURING POST-COVID 19 PANDEMIC". Journal of Governance and Development (JGD) 19, nr 2 (11.01.2024): 219–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.32890/jgd2023.19.2.6.

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This paper discusses the contribution of informal street vendors to local government revenue generation during the COVID-19 pandemic. Informal street vendors usually develop businesses to sell something and earn an income. They not only generate their income but also generate revenue for the local government. The main objective of local governments is to maintain and improve their efficiency. Therefore, this study aims to understand how informal street vendors contribute to the revenue of Kubang Pasu municipal in the short term, especially after the COVID-19 pandemic. The study covers 50 street vendors in Kubang Pasu. The results of the study show that there are only two (2) independent variables that affect the dependent variable. First, the relationship between affordable licenses and Kubang Pasu Municipal’s revenue shows a positive (0.301) and significant (0.019) relationship at a 0.050 level of significance, which means that the more affordable licenses issued, the higher the Kubang Pasu municipal revenue. Second, the relationship between the current post-pandemic business situation and Kubang Pasu municipal’s revenue shows a positive (0.541) and significant (0.058) relationship at the 0.10 level of significance, which means that the more accessible the business situation is in the post-pandemic period, the higher Kubang Pasu Municipal’s revenue will be. The newly developed revenue source will secure local government revenues in the long term and avoid budget deficits. Kubang Pasu Municipal needs to create new revenue sources, as they are still among the local governments with low revenue sources compared to local governments in other states.

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Barrington-Leigh, Christopher, i Adam Millard-Ball. "A century of sprawl in the United States". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 112, nr 27 (15.06.2015): 8244–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1504033112.

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The urban street network is one of the most permanent features of cities. Once laid down, the pattern of streets determines urban form and the level of sprawl for decades to come. We present a high-resolution time series of urban sprawl, as measured through street network connectivity, in the United States from 1920 to 2012. Sprawl started well before private car ownership was dominant and grew steadily until the mid-1990s. Over the last two decades, however, new streets have become significantly more connected and grid-like; the peak in street-network sprawl in the United States occurred in ∼1994. By one measure of connectivity, the mean nodal degree of intersections, sprawl fell by ∼9% between 1994 and 2012. We analyze spatial variation in these changes and demonstrate the persistence of sprawl. Places that were built with a low-connectivity street network tend to stay that way, even as the network expands. We also find suggestive evidence that local government policies impact sprawl, as the largest increases in connectivity have occurred in places with policies to promote gridded streets and similar New Urbanist design principles. We provide for public use a county-level version of our street-network sprawl dataset comprising a time series of nearly 100 y.

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Benge, Joe. "Street View". Transfers 3, nr 2 (1.06.2013): 130–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3167/trans.2013.030210.

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Biao, Idowu. "Road Side Vending, Growth of the Informal Sector and Learning Needs of Vendorsin Gaborone City of Botswana". World Journal of Educational Research 4, nr 1 (7.01.2017): 151. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/wjer.v4n1p151.

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<em>This study examined the phenomenon known as road side vending within the spatial arena of Gaborone city of Botswana. In clarifying the concepts employed in the study, a difference was made among the terminologies “street vendors” (mobile vendors moving all over within and about the streets), “hawkers” (mobile vendors moving both within and beyond the streets), and “road side vendors” (immobile vendors using road sidewalks and road/street corners for economic activities). The study employed a 15-item inventoryon the one hand, to elicit the factors that accounted for the recent phenomenal surge in road side vending in Gaborone and on the other hand, to highlight the expectations of the actors of this sector of the economy. The findings revealed that between 2012 and 2014, road side vending grew by 50% in Gaborone and 74% of Gaborone road side vendors were aged between 38-54 years, suggesting that this market is currently run by mature adults. The findings equally revealed that the growth of road side vending in Gaborone coincided with an era when unemployment began to be discussed within government circles, the press and in the streets of Botswana. This finding is supported by the literature which states that in general, the informal sector of the economy of less developed countries tend to grow under the impulse of unemployment and increasing poverty rate. The study ended with one major recommendation that called on the Gaborone City Council to use the instrumentality of learning to bring about the change it desires for Gaborone without excluding road side vendors from its Gaborone developmental blueprint.</em>

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Gibson, Nadine Suzanne. "Privatized Democracy: The Role of Election Services Vendors in the United States". American Politics Research 48, nr 6 (26.05.2020): 705–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1532673x20920264.

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Election equipment in the United States is exclusively purchased from private-sector vendors. When a jurisdiction purchases voting equipment, it is actually purchasing the hardware and software along with a variety of services for the initial implementation and long-term maintenance and support of the system. Election services constitute roughly one third of county-level election expenditures. The results of logistic regression analyses estimating the likelihoods of county purchases of different election services from election services vendors suggest a relationship between purchasing decisions and county demographics, namely the size of the minority population. Localities in states with centralized contracting systems were also substantially more likely to purchase all forms of vendor services.

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Abdullah, Nuraisyah Chua, Ramzyzan Ramly i Muhammad Izwan Ikhsan. "Home Buyers’ and Vendors’ Behaviours: Analysis of Judicial Decisions". Environment-Behaviour Proceedings Journal 2, nr 6 (7.11.2017): 229. http://dx.doi.org/10.21834/e-bpj.v2i6.962.

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This paper examines the behaviour of vendors and purchasers indirectly through the judicial decisions in Malaysia, Australia, and the United States. The decided cases illustrate that buyers are still indolent in their duty to conduct pre-purchase inspections, some vendors were seen to have actively concealed defects in the property and fraudulently misrepresented the conditions of the properties. This paper suggests consumer education for both the vendors and purchasers and the extension of the jurisdiction of either the Tribunal for Homebuyers Claims or the Tribunal for Consumer Claims to include matters regarding the dispute as to the condition of the property.

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Qi, Yingtao, Liping Yue, Tie Guo, Dian Zhou, Yulin Ren, Mengying Wang, Yujia Liu i Yujun Yang. "A Study on the Perception of Local Characteristics in Cultural Street Vending Spaces, Taking Xi’an Baxian Temple as an Example". Buildings 14, nr 1 (11.01.2024): 192. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/buildings14010192.

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The mode of urban renewal in China has changed from incremental expansion to a value-added stage, and the development of cities has increasingly focused on the human experience and quality improvement. However, Cultural Street Vending and the unique street spaces in the historic districts that bear important connotations to the city have shown a trend of rapid decline and even disappearance. Therefore, how to identify the characteristics and connotations of such street vending spaces, grasp the relationship between perception of locality and built environment elements in different states and formulate targeted protection and renewal strategies is presently an urgent problem to be solved. Many studies have now discussed in detail the identification of elements, street perception and preservation strategies for historic districts. However, the Cultural Street Vending space, which carries special urban memory connotations, has been neglected, especially the characterisation of this type of space in different time dimensions. This paper takes the Cultural Street Vending space as a research object and focuses on the perceptual differences between its market day and non-market day, aiming at grasping the perceptual characteristics and constituent elements of this type of street space in different time states, as well as the patterns of changes they undergo. This paper took the Baxian Temple, a typical Cultural Street Vending space in a historic district of Xi’an, as the research object and took 30 architecture students as the evaluators to score 33 pairs of adjectives and recall the elements of nine streets. This paper compared and analysed the differences in the structure of people’s psychological perception of the street in the state of market day and non-market day by SD method. It was found that the activities of the vendors obviously promoted people’s positive emotions, and three commonality factors including impression, vitality and morphosis were extracted through the factor analysis. Moreover, through the element recall method to understand the change in element perception on the market day, we found that the range of people’s perception was smaller on the market day and summarised the element map of the space and the element components of high, medium and low characteristics. The correlation analysis between psychological quantities and environmental elements revealed that people’s positive psychology has a positive correlation with vendors, goods and street components and a negative correlation with greening, colour and texture. This study can provide an important research basis for the development of conservation and renewal strategies for this type of Cultural Street Vending space.

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Zinnen, Jack, i Jeffrey W. Matthews. "Native species richness of commercial plant vendors in the Midwestern United States". Native Plants Journal 23, nr 1 (2022): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/npj.23.1.4.

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Zinnen, Jack, i Jeffrey W. Matthews. "Native species richness of commercial plant vendors in the Midwestern United States". Native Plants Journal 23, nr 1 (2022): 4–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.3368/npj.23.1.4.

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Bletzer, Keith V. "Fighting in Agricultural Areas of the Southeastern United States". Studies in Social Science Research 1, nr 1 (27.05.2020): p57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22158/sssr.v1n1p57.

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In the scientific literature, interest in male aggression is driven by views that consuming alcohol increases the likelihood of fighting. This literature mostly focuses on barrooms. Ethnographic research generally stays clear of associating bars with fighting by exploring the expressive dimensions of drunken comportment and/or (less often) the antecedents to fighting, which may take place in a variety of settings. Based on long-term fieldwork among farm laborers across the Eastern and Midwestern United States, and an analysis of field data from one agricultural home-base community, this article examines implications of fighting among farmworkers who spend time in bars and taverns (la cantina) and/or the street (la calle). Street settings were found to be more volatile than bars and taverns in agricultural areas in relation to “scrapping” among men, and, thus, more likely to end in fight-related injury. Nonetheless, men often engaged in forms of impression management that expressed their masculinity, as well as effectively avoided potential violence and possible injury.

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Schroeder, Herbert, John Flannigan i Richard Coles. "Residents’ Attitudes Toward Street Trees in the UK and U.S. Communities". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 32, nr 5 (1.09.2006): 236–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2006.030.

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Research on residents’ attitudes has shown that street trees are highly valued elements of the urban environment and that their benefits far outweigh their annoyances. Much of this research was done in communities in the United States, and it is uncertain whether the findings can be generalized to other communities or countries. We compared residents’ opinions of street trees, perceptions of the benefits and annoyances trees provide, and preferences for tree size, shape, and growth rate between three communities in the United States and the United Kingdom. Overall, opinions of nearby street trees were positive and did not differ between the two UK communities and the U.S. community. Respondents in the UK communities rated annoyances as more serious, shade as less of a benefit, and physical benefits as more significant than did the residents of the U.S. community. Respondents in the two UK communities also preferred smaller trees with slower growth rates. Although these comparisons cannot be used to make inferences about differences between the entire United Kingdom and United States, they do suggest some specific ways in which community characteristics such as climate and proximity of trees to houses may contribute to variation in attitudes toward trees.

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Richardson, Matthew, Kermit L. Schoenholtz i Lawrence J. White. "Deregulating Wall Street". Annual Review of Financial Economics 10, nr 1 (listopad 2018): 199–217. http://dx.doi.org/10.1146/annurev-financial-110217-022513.

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We argue that implementation of the Dodd-Frank Wall Street Reform and Consumer Protection Act has contributed significantly to the reduction of systemic risk in the United States. However, Dodd-Frank also introduced burdensome rules that have little to do with systemic risk. This article evaluates the trade-off between capital regulation and regulation of scope in the context of Dodd-Frank, with a particular emphasis on the Volcker Rule. Recent regulatory reforms aimed at rolling back Dodd-Frank are evaluated and discussed.

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Nnenna J. P., Omorodion, i Adesewa Ogunekum. "Microbial and Physicochemical Screening of Ready to Eat Street Foods". Asian Journal of Basic Science & Research 04, nr 01 (2022): 24–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.38177/ajbsr.2022.4103.

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Food samples: African salad, fried yam, fried potato, fried plantain, bole and suya meat retailed in three locations along Choba, Aluu and Alakahia were analyzed for their microbial load. Analysis of the food samples revealed Total viable count ranging from 3.8×107 cfu/g to 5.2×107 cfu/g (African salad), 2.6×107 cfu/g to 3.3×107 cfu/g (Bole), 3.0×107 cfu/g to 3.4×107 cfu/g (Plantain), 3.4×107 cfu/g to 3.6×107 cfu/g (Potato), 2.9×107 cfu/g to 3.3×107 cfu/g (Yam) and 4.8×107 cfu/g to 5.1×107 cfu/g (Suya meat) from the various locations. The organism isolated includes, Staphylococcus aureus (25%), Escherichia coli (25%), Pseudomonas (15%), Streptococcus (15%), Bacillus cereus (12%) and Salmonella spp (8%). The TVC count in these food samples exceeds the standard set by International Commission for Microbiology Specification for Food (ICMSF) for ready-to-eat food which states that TVC count between 0-107 cfu/g is acceptable, 104 to 105 cfu/g is tolerable and >107 cfu/g is unacceptable. Therefore, these foods are not bacteriologically fit for consumption. The occurrence of these bacterial isolates in the foods constitutes public health risk to consumers as these pathogens have been associated with foodborne infections Therefore, government should enforce strong food safety regulations for street foods vendors. In addition, street food vendors need to be educated on food safety and hygienic practices

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Bechtold, Rebeccah. "“Opera of the Street”: City Noise and the Street Musician in the Northeastern United States". Nineteenth Century Studies 31 (1.01.2019): 79–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.31.2019.0079.

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CLADIS, DENNIS P., ALISON C. KLEINER i CHARLES R. SANTERRE. "Mercury Content in Commercially Available Finfish in the United States". Journal of Food Protection 77, nr 8 (1.08.2014): 1361–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.4315/0362-028x.jfp-14-097.

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Seventy-seven finfish species (300 composites of three fish) were obtained from commercial vendors in six regions of the United States: Great Lakes, mid-Atlantic, New England, northwest, southeast, and southwest. Total mercury in fish muscle tissue ranged from 1 ppb (channel catfish) to 1,425 ppb (king mackerel). Of the top 10 most commonly consumed seafoods in the United States, all finfish species, including salmon species (13 to 62 ppb), Alaskan pollock (11 ppb), tilapia (16 ppb), channel catfish (1 ppb), Atlantic cod (82 ppb), and pangasius (swai) (2 ppb), had low total mercury concentrations. However, two large predatory species, king mackerel and swordfish (1,107 ppb), contained mercury concentrations above the current U.S. Food and Drug Administration action level of 1,000 ppb, indicating that consumers may be unaware that species that are high in mercury are being sold in the marketplace.

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Hanai, Kenta, i Arata Endo. "Research of Green street policy in Portland City, the United States". Journal of the City Planning Institute of Japan 46, nr 3 (2011): 655–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.11361/journalcpij.46.655.

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Bolden, Christian L. "Book Review: The history of street gangs in the United States". Criminal Justice Review 41, nr 4 (27.07.2016): 526–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0734016816637643.

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Fisher, Dana R., Kenneth T. Andrews, Neal Caren, Erica Chenoweth, Michael T. Heaney, Tommy Leung, L. Nathan Perkins i Jeremy Pressman. "The science of contemporary street protest: New efforts in the United States". Science Advances 5, nr 10 (październik 2019): eaaw5461. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.aaw5461.

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Since the inauguration of Donald Trump, there has been substantial and ongoing protest against the Administration. Street demonstrations are some of the most visible forms of opposition to the Administration and its policies. This article reviews the two most central methods for studying street protest on a large scale: building comprehensive event databases and conducting field surveys of participants at demonstrations. After discussing the broader development of these methods, this article provides a detailed assessment of recent and ongoing projects studying the current wave of contention. Recommendations are offered to meet major challenges, including making data publicly available in near real time, increasing the validity and reliability of event data, expanding the scope of crowd surveys, and integrating ongoing projects in a meaningful way by building new research infrastructure.

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Amelia, Nasywa Tsabita, Rifdah Syifa Rabbani, Ida Susilowati, Novi Rizka Amalia i Afni Regita Cahyani Muis. "Halal Concept as an International Legal Model for Maintaining Environmental Sustainability: Case Study of Halal Street Food in the US". Journal of Islamic World and Politics 8, nr 1 (14.06.2024): 62–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.18196/jiwp.v8i1.93.

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Culture is limited to art, customs, language, and food. Globalization makes it easier for this culture to spread across countries, including food. Likewise, the halal concept in the food industry continues to develop rapidly in the United States. This research aims to discover how the halal concept is closely related to the sustainability of life, involving SDG principles, so that the benefits are considered not to cause damage. The research method used this time is library research with a maqashid sharia concept approach. The author also used gastroeconomics to discuss the relationship between culinary delights and economic sustainability in the United States. The findings showed a relationship between the halal concept and international law, maqashid sharia and environmental sustainability, and the implementation of gastroeconomics in maqashid sharia as evidenced by street food in the United States. Halal street food is becoming increasingly important in the American culinary industry due to its good reception by the American public, support on social media, and adaptation to culinary trends.

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KUBIE, OENONE. "Reading Lewis Hine's Photography of Child Street Labour, 1906–1918". Journal of American Studies 50, nr 4 (29.04.2016): 873–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s002187581600058x.

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Lewis Hine's child-labour photographs are among the best-known social-documentary photographs ever taken, yet historians have neglected his photography of children working on the streets of America's cities. This paper explores the disputed symbolism of Hine's street-labour photographs. Far from simply depicting another appalling form of child labour, Hine's child street labourers, and the newsboys he photographed in particular, represented a range of ideas from masculinity and entrepreneurial spirit to the dangers of the new urban life and the apparent ignorance of immigrant parents. The symbolic newsboy was often far removed from the reality of child street labour, but he became an important figure in discourse surrounding the nature of childhood and the organization of public space in the United States of the early twentieth century. In exploring these subjects, this article takes on a neglected part of American history, yet an important one. Studying child street labourers reveals much about children, their choices, and the urban environment in the United States during the Progressive Era.

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McQuoid-Mason, David Jan. "The Genesis of Street Law in South Africa". International Journal of Public Legal Education 1, nr 1 (11.10.2017): 93. http://dx.doi.org/10.19164/ijple.v1i1.642.

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<p>In 1984, while Dean of the Faculty of Law at the University of Natal, during a visitor’s programme sponsored by the United States Information Service (USIS), I met Ed O’Brien of Georgetown University Law Faculty, Washington DC, a co-founder of the American Street Law programme. I invited him to South Africa in 1985 and his trip was paid for by USIS. It was an inauspicious time as President PW Botha declared a State of Emergency the day Ed arrived in the country to conduct non-racial Street Law workshops with me. He and I brainstormed a curriculum with a multi-racial group of high school teachers and pupils and then persuaded the President of the Association of Law Societies, Graham Cox, with assistance from the Attorneys Fidelity Fund, to provide financial backing for a pilot Street Law programme for South Africa - the first such programme outside of the United States. </p>

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Rose-Redwood, Reuben, i Lisa Kadonaga. "“The Corner of Avenue A and Twenty-Third Street”: Geographies of Street Numbering in the United States". Professional Geographer 68, nr 1 (24.03.2015): 39–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/00330124.2015.1007433.

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Chambers, David, i Ali Kabiri. "Keynes and Wall Street". Business History Review 90, nr 2 (2016): 301–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0007680516000362.

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This article examines in detail how John Maynard Keynes approached investing in the U.S. stock market on behalf of his Cambridge College after the 1929 Wall Street Crash. We exploit the considerable archival material documenting his portfolio holdings, his correspondence with investment advisors, and his two visits to the United States in the 1930s. While he displayed an enthusiasm for investing in common stocks, he was equally attracted to preferred stocks. His U.S. stock picks reflected his detailed analysis of company fundamentals and a pronounced value approach. Already in this period, therefore, it is possible to see the origins of some of the investment techniques adopted by professional investors in the latter half of the twentieth century.

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Golombek, Yaneev, i Wesley E. Marshall. "Use of Aerial LiDAR in Measuring Streetscape and Street Trees". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 2673, nr 4 (25.03.2019): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0361198119837194.

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This paper investigates the usefulness of 3D volumetric pixels (voxels) and the United States Geological Survey (USGS) Quality Level 2 (QL2) Light Detection and Ranging (LiDAR) data to measure features in streetscapes. As the USGS embarks on a national LiDAR database with the goal of covering the entire United States of America (U.S.) with QL2 data or better, this paper investigates uses of QL2 LiDAR for the 3D measuring of streetscapes. Tree mapping is a common use of QL2 LiDAR data, and street trees are among the most common features within urban streetscapes that transportation and urban designers assess. Traditional remote sensing techniques derive tree polygons from imagery, and traditional uses of LiDAR for tree canopy mapping is based on deriving a 2D canopy polygon with an attribute for elevation height. However, when breaking up streetscapes into 5 Ft elevation zones and calculating street–tree voxels at each elevation zone height, 3D characteristics of street trees become prevalent that completely differ from the common 2D LiDAR-derived street trees. Statistical tests in this paper display how different the 3D characteristics are from the 2D-derived LiDAR polygons, as this paper introduces a new methodology for measuring streetscape features in 3D, particularly street trees.

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Aduah, Martin, Frederick Adzitey, Daniel Gyamfi Amoako, Akebe Luther King Abia, Rejoice Ekli, Gabriel Ayum Teye, Amir H. M. Shariff i Nurul Huda. "Not All Street Food Is Bad: Low Prevalence of Antibiotic-Resistant Salmonella enterica in Ready-to-Eat (RTE) Meats in Ghana Is Associated with Good Vendors’ Knowledge of Meat Safety". Foods 10, nr 5 (6.05.2021): 1011. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/foods10051011.

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Foodborne infections due to the consumption of meat is a significant threat to public health. However, good vendor and consumer knowledge of meat safety could prevent meat contamination with and transmission of foodborne pathogens like Salmonella. Thus, this study investigated the vendor and consumer perception, knowledge, and practices of meat safety regarding ready-to-eat (RTE) meat and how this affected the prevalence and antibiotic susceptibility of Salmonella enterica in RTE meats in the streets of Ghana. A semi-structured questionnaire was used to obtain the demographics, knowledge, and practices of meat safety data from RTE meat vendors (n = 300) and consumers (n = 382). Salmonella enterica detection was done according to the United State of America (USA)-Food and Drugs Administration (FDA) Bacteriological Analytical Manual. The disk diffusion method was used for antibiotic resistance testing. The results revealed that most of the respondents had heard of meat safety (98.3% vendors, 91.8% consumers) and knew that meat could be contaminated by poor handling (100.0% vendors, 88.9% consumers). The respondents knew that regular hand washing reduced the risk of meat contamination (100.0% vendors, 94.0% consumers). Responses to the practices of meat safety by vendors were generally better. A very low Salmonella enterica prevalence was observed in the samples, ranging between 0.0 and 4.0% for guinea fowl and beef, respectively. However, the six isolates obtained were resistant to five of the nine antibiotics tested, with all isolates displaying different resistance profiles. Overall, the good knowledge and practice of meat safety demonstrated by the respondents corroborated the negligible prevalence of Salmonella in this study, reiterating the importance of vendor meat safety knowledge. However, the presence of resistant Salmonella enterica in some of the meat samples, albeit in a very low prevalence, warrants stricter sanitary measures and greater meat safety awareness in the general population to prevent meat-borne infections and potential transmission of drug-resistant bacteria to humans.

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Culhane, Sarah. "Main Street Movies: the history of local film in the United States". Early Popular Visual Culture 17, nr 3-4 (22.01.2019): 399–401. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/17460654.2019.1568717.

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O’Rourke, Chris. "Main Street Movies: The History of Local Film in the United States". Historical Journal of Film, Radio and Television 39, nr 4 (18.07.2019): 900–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01439685.2019.1643143.

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Brewer, Devon, John Roberts, Stephen Muth i John Potterat. "Prevalence of Male Clients of Street Prostitute Women in the United States". Human Organization 67, nr 3 (wrzesień 2008): 346–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.17730/humo.67.3.dw51q11421077062.

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Nowak, David. "Street Tree Pruning and Removal Needs". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 16, nr 12 (1.12.1990): 309–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1990.067.

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Street tree pruning and removal needs were examined for 11 species from inventory data collected in 11 cities in the North Central and Northeastern United States. The needs ranged from predominantly no pruning and routine pruning of small trees to safety pruning and removal of large trees. Species were ranked in terms of overall pruning and removal urgency, with London planetree and honeylocust having the least urgent pruning and removal needs and American elm and boxelder the most urgent needs.

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Weinstein, Marc, i Kalila Cheddie. "Adoption and Implementation Barriers for Worksite Health Programs in the United States". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 18, nr 22 (16.11.2021): 12030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph182212030.

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Worksite health promotion programs have been identified as having the potential to mitigate chronic health risks. In the most recent 2017 U.S. CDC survey of workplace health promotion, respondents identified several perceived barriers related to program adoption and implementation. The analysis indicates that challenges negatively associated with having worksite program were lack of senior management support (OR = 0.50, 95% CI: 0.32–0.78), lack of qualified vendors (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.4–0.79), lack of qualified personnel (OR = 0.56, 95% CI: 0.35–0.73), and cost (OR = 0.58, 95% CI: 0.39–0.88). Challenges associated with having a program were lack of employee interest (OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.44–3.03), lack of space (OR = 1.76, 95% CI: 1.26–2.48), and demonstrating program results (OR = 2.09, 95% CI = 1.44–3.03). These findings can provide insights to policy makers, insurers, and employers seeking to implement workplace-based health promotion initiatives.

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Geck, Caroline. "Data Planet". Charleston Advisor 22, nr 1 (1.07.2020): 14–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.5260/chara.22.1.14.

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This comprehensive and growing subscription database from SAGE Publishing is a repository of over 157 billion data points and 12.6 billion updated datasets from over 500 United States and international source providers and 80 vendors. This repository has aggregated and organized data from disparate, but authoritative, public, private, and commercial sources. The data is then transformed into a homogeneous library and informational product created with features, such as 37 metadata fields, to enhance organization and searchability. Subscribers, especially in the United States and in fields such as academia, business, and government and policy-making, can quickly access archived data using either one of two different powerful interfaces or alternatively, access data using the 287 hyperlinked Libguides or library guides and create Web pages of data called datasheets that serve as focal points for analyzing statistics of interest. Individuals are offered a variety of functions that assist with analyses and research, such as customizations, integrations, visualizations, and citing. For niche business research needs and for additional fees, the core resource can be bundled with any of the seven premium database products from high quality vendors. These databases include China Yearly Statistics, EASI Market Planner, InfoGroup Business USA, International Equities and Metals, Claritas Consumer Profiles, Claritas Financial and Insurance CLOUT™, and Quarterly Workforce Indicators.

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Anderson, Tammy L., i Philip R. Kavanaugh. "Women’s Evolving Roles in Drug Trafficking in the United States". Contemporary Drug Problems 44, nr 4 (26.10.2017): 339–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091450917735111.

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Drugs and crime research and theory in the United States originated after President Nixon declared the first War on Drugs in 1971. This research agenda promised to reveal the scope, dynamics, and impact of the drugs–crime relationship, thus promising solutions for the country’s drug problems. The initial focus was on drug trade violence and, as a result, produced scholarship mostly on men’s involvement in drug distribution, purchasing, and related crimes. It paid little attention to women’s involvement and failed to consider how gender might shape the drugs–crime relationship. By the early 1980s, however, studies began to appear on women’s experiences and addressed the role of gender in U.S. street-based illegal markets for crack cocaine and heroin. These studies revealed women’s relative powerlessness or supporting roles to domineering males in illegal, street-based drug markets. Today, drugs of concern in the U.S. originate and are sold and purchased through both legal and illegal channels that often work in tandem. This interplay requires us to rethink the drugs–crime relationship. Our article seeks to provoke new thinking and research on how 21st-century drug trends might reshape the gendered nature of drug selling across both legal and illegal markets and the gray area in between. In specific terms, we review the nature of women’s involvement in newer drug markets and consider how their involvement differs from that of men and how theory and research might move forward in addressing these changes. Our conclusions, and those reached by others in this issue, speak to the centrality of gender scholarship in research and policy on drugs and crime currently and into the future.

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Gaye, Samba, Lirane Mandjoupa, Dorian Davis, Justin An, Wagdy Mahmoud, lei wang i Max Denis. "A numerical and experimental study of micrometeorological effects on urban sound propagation". Journal of the Acoustical Society of America 152, nr 4 (październik 2022): A81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1121/10.0015613.

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In this work, the influence of micrometeorological effects on sound propagation in an urban street canyon is investigated numerically and experimentally. Numerical simulations of acoustic propagation are based on sound particle propagation simulation method. Numerical data are generated for urban street canyons of various widths and height ratios. Experimental data are obtained from longitudinal measurements of urban street canyons in the United States. Temperature and wind profiles are obtained from ultrasonic anemometers and thermocouples. Measurements within and outside the street canyon are of particular interest. The experimental data are useful in integrating micrometeorological effects into the acoustic propagation model. Preliminary numerical results and measurements are presented and discussed.

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Warren, Spring. "Screen Captures: Americans on Google Street". Boom 2, nr 4 (2012): 18–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/boom.2012.2.4.18.

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Doug Rickard is a photographer from Sacramento, California, whose ambitious project “A New American Picture” incorporates images of contemporary American Life from across the United States. Rickard, however, spent the thousands of travel hours logged for this project sitting in a darkened studio and virtually driving the byways of Google Street View (GSV). He has moved through and captured images from desolate areas reeling from the effects of racial inequality, the grim effects of poverty, and the failures in social history. The images both indict the barbarity of power and evoke the strange beauty of a shattered environment.

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Kaufman, Rebekah A., Mahwish Mallick, Jarvis Thanex Louis, Mollie Williams i Nancy Oriol. "The Role of Street Medicine and Mobile Clinics for Persons Experiencing Homelessness: A Scoping Review". International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health 21, nr 6 (12.06.2024): 760. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21060760.

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Introduction: An estimated 5800 to 46,500 lives are lost due to homelessness each year. Experiencing homelessness and poor health are cyclically related, with one reinforcing the other. Mobile programs, which include vehicles that travel to deliver care, and street medicine, the act of bringing care to spaces where PEH live, may play a role in alleviating this burden by providing trusted, affordable, and accessible care to this community. Methods: We conducted a scoping review of peer-reviewed literature on the role of mobile clinics and street medicine in providing care for PEH by searching PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science on 10 August 2023. Articles from 2013 to 2023 specific to programs in the United States were included. The protocol was developed following the PRISMA-ScR guidelines. The primary outcome was the role of mobile programs for persons experiencing homelessness. Results: A total of 15 articles were included in this review. The descriptive findings emphasized that street medicine and mobile clinics provide primary care, behavioral health, and social services. The utilization findings indicate that street medicine programs positively impact the health system through their ability to defer emergency department and hospital visits, providing financial benefits. The comparative findings between mobile programs and office-based programs indicate current successes and areas for improvement. Discussion: Mobile clinics and street medicine programs that serve PEH provide a wide range of services. While more significant structural change is needed to address healthcare costs and housing policies in the United States, mobile clinics and street medicine teams can improve healthcare access and the healthcare system.

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Oliver, William. "Inner-City Rural: The Transmission of Problematic Black Male identities from Urban to Black Rural Communities in the United States". Masculinities & Social Change 2, nr 3 (21.10.2013): 290–311. http://dx.doi.org/10.4471/mcs.2013.36.

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This paper introduces the term inner-city rural to describe a conceptual framework that seeks to explain the transmission of urban and street-based alternative constructions of black manhood identities to majority black rural counties in the United States. The central theoretical argument advanced in this paper is that exposure to urban street culture as it is represented in some versions of gangsta rap and hip hop music, videos and culture is a major mechanism by which marginalized African American males residing in rural communities come to internalize and enact problematic urban male street-based masculine identities.

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Grace, Nabil F., Frederick C. Navarre, Richard B. Nacey, Wayne Bonus i Loris Collavino. "Design-Construction of Bridge Street Bridge — First CFRP Bridge in the United States". PCI Journal 47, nr 5 (1.09.2002): 20–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.15554/pcij.09012002.20.35.

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Holz, Rose. "Birth Control on Main Street: Organizing Clinics in the United States, 1916–1939". Annals of Iowa 70, nr 1 (styczeń 2011): 92–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.17077/0003-4827.1521.

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Nielsen, D. G., E. R. Hart, M. E. Dix, M. J. Linit, J. E. Appleby, M. Ascerno, D. L. Mahr, D. A. Potter i J. A. Jones. "Common Street Trees and Their Pest Problems in the North Central United States". Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 11, nr 8 (1.08.1985): 225–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.1985.052.

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