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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Street vendors – new york (state) – new york"
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Lucan, Sean C., Andrew R. Maroko, Courtney Abrams, Noemi Rodriguez, Achint N. Patel, Ilirjan Gjonbalaj, Clyde B. Schechter i Brian Elbel. "Government data v. ground observation for food-environment assessment: businesses missed and misreported by city and state inspection records". Public Health Nutrition 23, nr 8 (4.11.2019): 1414–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019002982.
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AbstractObjective:To assess the accuracy of government inspection records, relative to ground observation, for identifying businesses offering foods/drinks.Design:Agreement between city and state inspection records v. ground observations at two levels: businesses and street segments. Agreement could be ‘strict’ (by business name, e.g. ‘Rizzo’s’) or ‘lenient’ (by business type, e.g. ‘pizzeria’); using sensitivity and positive predictive value (PPV) for businesses and using sensitivity, PPV, specificity and negative predictive value (NPV) for street segments.Setting:The Bronx and the Upper East Side (UES), New York City, USA.Participants:All food/drink-offering businesses on sampled street segments (n 154 in the Bronx, n 51 in the UES).Results:By ‘strict’ criteria, sensitivity and PPV of government records for food/drink-offering businesses were 0·37 and 0·57 in the Bronx; 0·58 and 0·60 in the UES. ‘Lenient’ values were 0·40 and 0·62 in the Bronx; 0·60 and 0·62 in the UES. Sensitivity, PPV, specificity and NPV of government records for street segments having food/drink-offering businesses were 0·66, 0·73, 0·84 and 0·79 in the Bronx; 0·79, 0·92, 0·67, and 0·40 in the UES. In both areas, agreement varied by business category: restaurants; ‘food stores’; and government-recognized other storefront businesses (‘gov. OSB’, i.e. dollar stores, gas stations, pharmacies). Additional business categories – ‘other OSB’ (barbers, laundromats, newsstands, etc.) and street vendors – were absent from government records; together, they represented 28·4 % of all food/drink-offering businesses in the Bronx, 22·2 % in the UES (‘other OSB’ and street vendors were sources of both healthful and less-healthful foods/drinks in both areas).Conclusions:Government records frequently miss or misrepresent businesses offering foods/drinks, suggesting caveats for food-environment assessments using such records.
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Basinski, Sean. "Hot Dogs, Hipsters, and Xenophobia: Immigrant Street Food Vendors in New York". Social Research: An International Quarterly 81, nr 2 (czerwiec 2014): 397–408. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/sor.2014.0028.
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Cowett, F. D., i N. L. Bassuk. "Is Street Tree Diversity Increasing in New York State, USA?" Arboriculture & Urban Forestry 47, nr 5 (1.09.2021): 196–213. http://dx.doi.org/10.48044/jauf.2021.018.
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Diversity in tree populations is viewed as essential for protecting the public investment in urban trees and for preserving the environmental, social, and economic benefits that these trees provide. It is therefore crucial for officials responsible for the management of municipal trees to know the diversity of their municipal tree populations and whether their efforts to increase diversity have been effective or should be modified. We assessed street tree diversity in New York State, USA by analyzing municipal street tree inventory data from two data sets, the first comprised of 75 inventories collated from municipalities, and the second comprised of 32 sets of inventories conducted at multiple points in time. This analysis builds on two previous papers containing similar assessments by analyzing more current data and by calculating diversity index statistics and relative abundance percentages for prevalent street tree species and genera. Findings indicate that there has been substantial progress to increase street tree diversity in New York State. This progress is correlated with reductions in the dominance of Norway maple (Acer platanoides), the state’s most prevalent street tree species (17% of street trees statewide), and in the dominance of maple (Acer), the state’s most prevalent street tree genus (35% of street trees statewide). Work remains to be done to further increase species and genus diversity so as to meet the challenges posed to municipal street tree populations by invasive pests and climate change. Strategies are proposed for accomplishing this.
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Cowett, F. D., i N. L. Bassuk. "Statewide assessment of street trees in New York State, USA". Urban Forestry & Urban Greening 13, nr 2 (2014): 213–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.ufug.2014.02.001.
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Neumann, Dietrich. "Invisible Tools: Shaping New York City's Skyscrapers". Going high! The pros and cons of city verticalization, nr 25 (25.10.2022): 49–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.37199/f410020012.
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As Tirana is experiencing probably the biggest building boom in its history, including the planning and building of a number of high-rise buildings, it seems fitting to find out which lessons can be learned from the city where the building type of the skyscraper originated. New York City hosted the buildings that claimed to be the world’s tallest for 66 consecutive years. It began with the Singer Building, followed by the Metropolitan Life, the Woolworth Building and then, of course, after brief interludes from 40 Wall Street and the Chrysler Building, the Empire State Building held the title for 40 years, followed by the World Trade Center. Then the title went to Chicago for 25 years with the Sears (now Willis) Tower, on to Kuala Lumpur with the Petronas Towers and Taipei with Taipei 101 and finally, as we all know, to Dubai. New York City is also the place where a unique and comprehensive, ever changing legal framework has shaped skyscrapers’ forms and urban positions since 1916. That is the year when the Setback Law was introduced as part of the city’s Zoning plan. It mandated that floors step back from the cornice height upwards under a certain angle, determined by the width of the street and the particular area of the city, its zone. Imaginary “sky exposure planes” would limit upwards growth, which Hugh Ferriss beautifully illustrated in a sequence of drawings in 1922, as a natural force at work.
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Williams, Mason B. "How the Rockefeller Laws Hit the Streets: Drug Policing and the Politics of State Competence in New York City, 1973–1989". Modern American History 4, nr 1 (marzec 2021): 67–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/mah.2020.23.
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Recent studies have shown that the punitive drug laws enacted in the mid-1970s led to a sharp increase in incarceration only in the mid-1980s, when city police departments started policing street-level drug markets much more intensively. The case study of New York City in the wake of the Rockefeller Drug Laws of 1973 presents an explanation. Only when new policing ideas, popular dissatisfaction with street crime, and the revival of the city's fiscal capacity coalesced as part of a larger project to rebuild urban governance in the aftermath of the fiscal crisis of the 1970s did New York turn toward street-level drug enforcement. An examination of the political history of street-level drug enforcement offers a better understanding of the history of New York's war on drugs, as well as a new chronology of the political dynamics of state rebuilding in the 1980s.
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Lucan, Sean C., Andrew R. Maroko, Achint N. Patel, Ilirjan Gjonbalaj, Brian Elbel i Clyde B. Schechter. "Healthful and less-healthful foods and drinks from storefront and non-storefront businesses: implications for ‘food deserts’, ‘food swamps’ and food-source disparities". Public Health Nutrition 23, nr 8 (30.03.2020): 1428–39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1368980019004427.
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AbstractObjective:Conceptualisations of ‘food deserts’ (areas lacking healthful food/drink) and ‘food swamps’ (areas overwhelm by less-healthful fare) may be both inaccurate and incomplete. Our objective was to more accurately and completely characterise food/drink availability in urban areas.Design:Cross-sectional assessment of select healthful and less-healthful food/drink offerings from storefront businesses (stores, restaurants) and non-storefront businesses (street vendors).Setting:Two areas of New York City: the Bronx (higher-poverty, mostly minority) and the Upper East Side (UES; wealthier, predominantly white).Participants:All businesses on 63 street segments in the Bronx (n 662) and on 46 street segments in the UES (n 330).Results:Greater percentages of businesses offered any, any healthful, and only less-healthful food/drink in the Bronx (42·0 %, 37·5 %, 4·4 %, respectively) than in the UES (30 %, 27·9 %, 2·1 %, respectively). Differences were driven mostly by businesses (e.g. newsstands, gyms, laundromats) not primarily focused on selling food/drink – ‘other storefront businesses’ (OSBs). OSBs accounted for 36·0 % of all food/drink-offering businesses in the Bronx (more numerous than restaurants or so-called ‘food stores’) and 18·2 % in the UES (more numerous than ‘food stores’). Differences also related to street vendors in both the Bronx and the UES. If street vendors and OSBs were not captured, the missed percentages of street segments offering food/drink would be 14·5 % in the Bronx and 21·9 % in the UES.Conclusions:Of businesses offering food/drink in communities, OSBs and street vendors can represent substantial percentages. Focusing on only ‘food stores’ and restaurants may miss or mischaracterise ‘food deserts’, ‘food swamps’, and food/drink-source disparities between communities.
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Leonardatos, Harry, i Katie Zahedi. "Accountability and “Racing to the Top” in New York State: A Report from the Frontlines". Teachers College Record: The Voice of Scholarship in Education 116, nr 9 (wrzesień 2014): 1–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/016146811411600901.
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Background & Purpose This article focuses on the current educational reform movement in New York State resulting from the state's receipt of $700 million in Race to the Top (RTTT) money. Specifically, the article will focus on one aspect of the RTTT requirement, which requires that school districts develop teacher accountability systems that are based in part on test data, i.e., the Annual Professional Performance Review (APPR). We will provide an account of how the New York State Education Department's implementation of RTTT has changed the role of educators, eroded autonomy in publicly controlled schools, promoted a culture of mistrust, diverted funds from the classroom to meet governmental directives, and paved the way for corporate vendors to profit from taxpayer money. Finally, we will examine whether the APPR policy developed to hold teachers accountable using an objective metric is a reliable and valid one. Research Design We examine the APPR legislation passed by both the legislative and executive bodies of New York State by focusing on field guidance documents and legislation released by the State Education Department (SED) as well as memos we received from SED. We also review how school districts have decided to implement APPR in their local environment. Finally, articles appearing in the press about the APPR have also been surveyed to ascertain key themes about the question whether teacher effectiveness can be objectively measured by those standards set forth by the SED. Conclusions The APPR policy as it is currently implemented is an unreliable tool in measuring teacher performance. Its subjectivity and inconsistent implementation calls into question the core purpose of this reform, i.e. to rid schools of poor performing teachers, while identifying those that are excellent. The implementation of RTTT and APPR has deteriorated the quality of public education in New York State by creating confusion through untested policies, creating a culture of distrust, diverting money from the classroom to for profit vendors, and developing a pedagogical methodology of teaching to the test.
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Drahozal, Christopher. "The New York Convention and the American Federal System". REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ALTERNATIVE DISPUTE RESOLUTION 1, nr 1 (1.06.2019): 37–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.52028/rbadr.v1i1.2.
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Virtually all American states have statutes that make arbitration agreements and awards enforceable and that set out procedures for their enforcement in state courts. A number of states, including California, Texas, and Florida, have enacted international arbitration statutes to supplement their domestic arbitration laws.2 But this extensive body of state arbitration law has had only a “marginal impact” on American arbitration practice – particularly international arbitration practice because the Federal Arbitration Act (FAA) preempts conflicting state arbitration laws, even in state court. Although we know that the FAA preempts state law, the scope of that preemptive effect is not clear. Indeed, a pair of United States Supreme Court cases have suggested a possible broader role for state law in arbitration matters. In Hall Street Associates, LLC v. Mattel Inc., the Court indicated in dicta that parties might be able to contract for expanded review under state law although the FAA does not permit them to do so.5 And in Stolt-Nielsen S.A. v. AnimalFeeds International Corp., the Court suggested that the arbitrators might not have exceeded their powers in construing an arbitration clause to permit class arbitration if they had relied on a state default rule permitting class arbitration. Whether state law can play a broader role in international arbitration matters in the United States depends on the extent to which the New York Convention and Chapter Two of the FAA (which implements the Convention) preempt state arbitration law. This article undertakes a preliminary analysis of that broad topic by examining several legal questions central to determining the preemptive effect of the New York Convention: (1) What effect, if any, does the federal-state clause (Article XI) have on U.S. obligations under the Convention? (2) To what extent does Chapter Two of the FAA apply in state court? and (3) Is the New York Convention self-executing? Part II briefly sets out background information on the New York Convention and its implementation in the U.S. Part III describes three models of how an arbitration convention might be implemented: the “exclusive spheres” model, the “federal preemption” model, and the “access” model. Part IV analyzes the legal questions identified above and considers their implications for the models. Part V discusses the extent to which parties can contract out of the FAA and into state arbitration law. Finally, Part VI identifies some possible implications of this analysis and concludes.
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Ali, Shahmir H., Valerie M. Imbruce, Rienna G. Russo, Samuel Kaplan, Kaye Stevenson, Tamar Adjoian Mezzacca, Victoria Foster i in. "Evaluating Closures of Fresh Fruit and Vegetable Vendors During the COVID-19 Pandemic: Methodology and Preliminary Results Using Omnidirectional Street View Imagery". JMIR Formative Research 5, nr 2 (18.02.2021): e23870. http://dx.doi.org/10.2196/23870.
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Background The COVID-19 pandemic has significantly disrupted the food retail environment. However, its impact on fresh fruit and vegetable vendors remains unclear; these are often smaller, more community centered, and may lack the financial infrastructure to withstand supply and demand changes induced by such crises. Objective This study documents the methodology used to assess fresh fruit and vegetable vendor closures in New York City (NYC) following the start of the COVID-19 pandemic by using Google Street View, the new Apple Look Around database, and in-person checks. Methods In total, 6 NYC neighborhoods (in Manhattan and Brooklyn) were selected for analysis; these included two socioeconomically advantaged neighborhoods (Upper East Side, Park Slope), two socioeconomically disadvantaged neighborhoods (East Harlem, Brownsville), and two Chinese ethnic neighborhoods (Chinatown, Sunset Park). For each neighborhood, Google Street View was used to virtually walk down each street and identify vendors (stores, storefronts, street vendors, or wholesalers) that were open and active in 2019 (ie, both produce and vendor personnel were present at a location). Past vendor surveillance (when available) was used to guide these virtual walks. Each identified vendor was geotagged as a Google Maps pinpoint that research assistants then physically visited. Using the “notes” feature of Google Maps as a data collection tool, notes were made on which of three categories best described each vendor: (1) open, (2) open with a more limited setup (eg, certain sections of the vendor unit that were open and active in 2019 were missing or closed during in-person checks), or (3) closed/absent. Results Of the 135 open vendors identified in 2019 imagery data, 35% (n=47) were absent/closed and 10% (n=13) were open with more limited setups following the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic. When comparing boroughs, 35% (28/80) of vendors in Manhattan were absent/closed, as were 35% (19/55) of vendors in Brooklyn. Although Google Street View was able to provide 2019 street view imagery data for most neighborhoods, Apple Look Around was required for 2019 imagery data for some areas of Park Slope. Past surveillance data helped to identify 3 additional established vendors in Chinatown that had been missed in street view imagery. The Google Maps “notes” feature was used by multiple research assistants simultaneously to rapidly collect observational data on mobile devices. Conclusions The methodology employed enabled the identification of closures in the fresh fruit and vegetable retail environment and can be used to assess closures in other contexts. The use of past baseline surveillance data to aid vendor identification was valuable for identifying vendors that may have been absent or visually obstructed in the street view imagery data. Data collection using Google Maps likewise has the potential to enhance the efficiency of fieldwork in future studies.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Street vendors – new york (state) – new york"
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Dorcheus, Seraphim Yoo. "96th Street study". Thesis, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, 1985. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/74515.
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The purpose of this study is to foster preservation and to encourage the correct development of East 96th Street and its surrounding neighborhood.
Present as-of-right zoning regulations allow extremely tall buildings to be constructed that would create walls along the street.
Modification of these zoning regulations are proposed to establish a planning guide that will improve East 96th Street aesthetically, economically and socially as well as encourage developers to invest in the neighborhood.Master of Architecture
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Lin), Ti ju Lin (Thalia, i 林俶如. "The Study and Content Analysis on the Coverage of Lee Teng-hui''s "Special State-to-State" Statement in U.S. Media: the Case Studies on New York Times, Washington Post, Wall Street Journal and Los Angeles Times". Thesis, 2001. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/68123205468367385689.
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碩士國立臺灣大學
新聞研究所
89
Former R.O.C. president Lee Teng-hui''s "special state-to-state" announcement redefined cross-Strait relationship and deviated from the "one China" principle. The statement drew a prompt rebuke from Beijing and critical concerns from Washington. Regarding Lee''s statement as ill-advised talk of two Chinas and an attempt to challenge the eventual goal of reunification of China and Taiwan, Beijing threatened to take a small offshore island of Taiwan by force. The Asia-pacific peace and stability were therefore endangered, and Washington saw Taiwan as "trouble-maker" for heightening regional tensions and devastating the already tenuous triangular relationship among Washington, Beijing and Taiwan. Under the circumstances the crisis might be triggered at any time, media around the world reported and covered largely the issue, presenting great concerns with regional security. The purpose of this study is to analyze by means of content analysis the relevant coverage of "special state-to-state" announcement on four main elite newspapers in the U.S.--New York Times, Washington Post, Wall Street Journal and Los Angeles Times. Through the result of quantification and scientific research on those four elite newspapers, we may gain access to see their tendencies in reporting cross-Strait issues and presenting each side''s images. The research renders some aspects to observe the relationship between those newspapers and U.S. administration, and most important of all, to examine the overall China policy of Taiwan''s most significant non-official ally in the world.
Książki na temat "Street vendors – new york (state) – new york"
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Ovie, Carter, red. Sidewalk. New York: Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 1999.
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Duneier, Mitchell. Sidewalk. New York: Farrar, Straus ans Giroux, 1999.
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Stoller, Paul. Money has no smell: The Africanization of New York City. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 2002.
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Chang, Candy. Vendor power!: A guide to street vending in New York City. New York: The Center for Urban Pedagogy, 2009.
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Ranalli, Michael D. Search & seizure law of New York State: Street encounters. Flushing, NY: Looseleaf Law Publications, Inc., 2015.
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Stringer, Lee. Grand Central winter: Stories from the street. New York: Seven Stories Press, 2010.
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L, Certilman Morton, red. Purchase and sale of a co-op apartment in New York State. New York, N.Y. (810 7th Ave., New York 10019): Practising Law Institute, 1985.
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Stringer, Lee. Grand Central winter: Stories from the street. New York: Washington Square Press, 1999.
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Grand Central winter: Stories from the street. New York: Seven Stories Press, 1998.
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Silinonte, Joseph M. Street index to the 1892 New York State census, City of Brooklyn. Brooklyn, N.Y: J.M. Silinonte, 2001.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Street vendors – new york (state) – new york"
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Estrada, Emir. "Street Vending in Los Angeles". W Kids at Work, 43–63. NYU Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.18574/nyu/9781479811519.003.0003.
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Chapter 2 situates the study historically in the context of U.S. and Mexican migration and traces the formation of the street vending economy in urban centers in México and in U.S. cities such as Los Angeles and New York. The chapter demonstrates that street vending across the border is linked to macro structural forces and is not solely derivative of Latinx cultural practices. The chapter also highlights the historical precedent of street vending in the United States, as opposed to portraying the work as a direct cultural transplant from Latin America. The Latinx street vendors in Los Angeles immigrated to a society where street vending had been an economic strategy since the early nineteenth century. The chapter notes that as a result of both political turmoil and the rise of a foodie culture based on “authenticity,” attitudes toward street vendors are becoming more sympathetic and respectful, leading to the decriminalization of street vending across the state of California.
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"6. Street Vendors in and against the Global City: VAMOS Unidos". W New Labor in New York, 134–49. Cornell University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/9780801470752-008.
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Zukin, Sharon. "The Billboard and the Garden: A Struggle for Roots". W Naked City. Oxford University Press, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195382853.003.0013.
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The weather is unusually warm for a Saturday morning in mid-October, and the clear horizon of the sky stretches blue and wide above this distant patch of Brooklyn. To the southeast, high above the elevated subway tracks, a jet plane climbs on the first part of its journey, away from Kennedy Airport in Queens, its real point of departure, but also far away from the two-story, redbrick houses and vacant lots of East New York, long known as one of the poorest neighborhoods in New York City. When you get out of the subway train at Van Siclen Avenue and walk down the stairs from the elevated tracks, you feel a bit lost in the shadows and the absence of shops, except for a small corner bodega, on the quiet street. But a short, smiling woman in her sixties, who gets off the train with you, sees that you don’t look black or Hispanic and senses that you don’t live in the neighborhood; she invites you to walk with her. Improbably, on the next block, almost directly under the tracks, three lush, green gardens, carefully tended and fenced, come into view. Inside, planted in neat rows, green beans and mint wait to be picked. Small onions peek through the earth, ready to be dug before the first frost. A few peppers fl ash slivers of bright red through the leaves of tomato and squash plants that have already seen the last harvest of the year. These oases represent the time and effort of a small number of community gardeners who live in the neighborhood. Since the 1990s they have been created and maintained by the gardeners’ hard work and earnest planning, both subsidized and jeopardized by the city and state governments; like the Red Hook food vendors, they are a tangible symbol of the constant struggle to put down roots in the city, especially if you don’t have much money. The helpful woman whom you have just met invites you to visit one of the gardens, a small lot of about one-third of an acre.
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Dunn, Kathleen. "Decriminalize Street Vending: Reform and Social Justice". W Food Trucks, Cultural Identity, and Social Justice. The MIT Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7551/mitpress/9780262036573.003.0003.
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This chapter outlines how race- and class-based stratification and criminalization shape New York City’s street vending industry. The vast majority of New York’s street vendors are first generation immigrants of color who experience racial profiling for turning urban public space into their workplace. Since the Great Recession, a small but growing class of native-born and highly educated actors have been able to enter this profoundly criminalized industry with comparative ease largely due to class and race privileges, spurring gentrification through the city’s underground food permit rental market. The author argues that any meaningful reform of New York’s broken system of street vending oversight must directly engage these inequities and work to decriminalize poor and working class street vendors of color through a participatory and inclusive process rooted in principles of social justice.
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Weikart, Lynne A. "The Staggering Growth in Homelessness". W Mayor Michael Bloomberg, 106–31. Cornell University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7591/cornell/9781501756375.003.0006.
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This chapter talks about the increase of homeless people in temporary shelters during Mayor Michael Bloomberg's term in New York City, which was considered the largest number since the Great Depression. It notes that in fiscal year 2014, the Coalition for the Homeless stated that 53,615 people were residing in New York City's temporary shelter system. It also discusses the growth in temporary shelters that reduced the number of people living on the street by 28 percent. The chapter mentions how Bloomberg's plan to decrease the overall numbers of homeless people seemed inadequate, but it points out that he could not have done any better as he had no financial support from the state and there was no change in federal policy. It emphasizes the mistake of seeing the city's problems as purely local without considering the role of state and federal decision making.
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Walker, Alan. "Return to America, 1889–1890". W Hans von Bülow, 399–418. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195368680.003.0021.
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Abstract Bülow set sail for America from Bremen on board the steamship SS Saale, on March 14, 1889, accompanied by his ‘two Maries’—his wife and their young friend Marie Ritter. ‘What a marvel this floating town is,’ Bülow enthused over the state-of-the-art passenger liner. ‘The most Bismarckian order reigns overall, and in everything’.Eight days later, after a smooth crossing, the little party was in New York. They checked into the old Hotel Normandie, situated on the east corner of Broadway and 38th Street, not far from the Metropolitan Opera House, where Bülow was scheduled to conduct his opening concert.
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Singleton, Courtney. "Encountering Home: A Contemporary Archaeology of Homelessness". W Contemporary Archaeology and the City. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198803607.003.0021.
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On 17 September 2011 people flooded Zuccotti Park inManhattan’s Downtown Financial District to protest multinational corporations and major banking institutions. Protestors left their houses and established encampments in public parks in over a hundred cities across America to live in solidarity as the ‘99%’. The 99% were ready for conflict between citizen and state, public and private institutions, but they did not expect the conflict that erupted within the encampments between protestors and local homeless populations. Despite the fact that protestors were living ‘homeless’ for symbolic and political purposes, they had not anticipated how to handle the homeless communities who they actively displaced and engaged in the service of their politics. As they pitched their tents, strung up tarpaulins, established communal kitchens, and inflated blow-up mattresses the 99% encountered the already-present local homeless population: people who were both known and unfamiliar, but who were meant to remain hidden and invisible. Cities where the Occupy Wall Street Movement (OWS) had a strong and quick start had more problems regarding homelessness than cities where the movement started later, but all Occupy protesters realized homelessness was an issue that had to be confronted (Ehrenreich 2011). Austin and Tampa, for example, used homelessness as the central organizing issue, one that could be easily grasped as a human circumstance with universal appeal. This was primarily because these cities were able to anticipate incidents that had arisen in New York, Denver, and Portland (see AP 2011; Nagourney 2011). Conflicts that first occurred in these cities allowed for later responses to be more proactive, and they subsequently positioned homelessness as a universalizing issue that everyone could rally behind (Ehrenreich 2011). In Denver, Portland, Boston, and New York City protestors expressed fear and apprehension towards the homeless, calling them ‘protest imposters’, ‘freeloaders’, and ‘rapists and gropers of females’ (Algar 2011; Huffington Post 2011a, 2011b; Occupy Wall Street 2011). One New York protestor stated that the homeless were ‘mentally ill and out-of-control’ (Algar 2011). The responses of the Occupy protesters at Zuccotti Park were rooted in a belief that there was a fundamental distinction between themselves and the homeless with whom they lived side-by-side and shared the same materials and spaces.
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Beckett, Katherine. "From Crime to Drugs-and Back Again". W Making Crime Pay, 44–61. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195136265.003.0004.
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Abstract The salience of the crime and drug issues declined dramatically following President Richard Nixon’s departure from office. Neither President Gerald Ford nor President Jimmy Carter mentioned crime related issues in their State of the Union addresses or took much legislative action on those issues. During and after the 1980 election campaign, however, the crime issue once again assumed a central place on the national political agenda. Like conservatives before him, candidate and President Ronald Reagan paid particular attention to the problem of street crime and promised to enhance the federal government’s role in combating it. Once in office, however, the institutional difficulties associated with this project led the Reagan administration to shift its attention from street crime to street drugs. Political and public concern about the drug problem increased throughout the 1980s; by August 1989 President George Bush characterized drug use as “the most pressing problem facing the nation.” Shortly thereafter, a New York Times/CBS News Poll reported that 64% of those polled-the highest percentage ever recorded-thought that drugs were the most significant problem in the United States.
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Jackson, Robert H. "That Man As Lawyer". W That Man, 59–74. Oxford University PressNew York, NY, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195168266.003.0004.
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Abstract While Roosevelt was labeled a Wall Street lawyer at the time of his debut in politics as a New York State senator, it is plain that he was born for politics, not for the law. I doubt if he ever liked the drudgery and detail of the law, and he was always impatient of the slow and exacting judicial process. His attitude toward the law and the lawyers was indicated by his preference in 1931 for Raymond Moley, a political scientist, rather than a lawyer, as head of the New York commission to investigate the administration of justice. It was also clear when the Walter-Logan bill1 was passed by Congress in 1940 and he asked me to prepare a veto message. There were many defects of a rather technical character in the bill. It carried some unintended consequences. I outlined these in a letter to him and he attached it to his veto message. But the message itself spoke strongly in favor of the administrative process as against the more legalistic rules applied in judicial review. The Walter-Logan bill represented the way lawyers felt about administrative agencies. Congress had gone to extremes and would have destroyed the administrative process. All of this was gone over with Roosevelt carefully and the veto message reflected his own attitude.
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Keller, Morton, i Phyllis Keller. "Governing". W Making Harvard Modern. Oxford University Press, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780195144574.003.0023.
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As soon as he became president, Bok set out to modernize Harvard’s central administration. His first move, recruiting a core of professional administrators, met with universal approval. In principle the administration simply provided services: financial, legal, health, information technology, food, real estate, personnel, development, government relations. But in practice this meant replacing Conant’s and Pusey’s low-keyed central “holding company” with a much more assertive, take-charge body of managers. As the number and agendas of the new bureaucrats grew, so did the tension between the faculty and the administration, between the more centralized direction of the University’s affairs and the venerable each-tub-on-its-own-bottom Harvard tradition. When Bok took office, the Harvard Corporation consisted of two recently elected academics, Charles Slichter of Illinois and John Morton Blum of Yale; two lawyers, Bostonian senior fellow Hooks Burr and Hugh Calkins of Cleveland; Socony-Mobil executive Albert Nickerson of New York; and Harvard’s treasurer, State Street banker George Bennett. By the time he left in 1991, all of them were gone, replaced by a heterogeneous mix ranging from Boston-New York businessmen (Gillette CEO Colman Mockler, Time publisher Andrew Heiskell, venture capitalist Robert G. Stone, Jr.) to Henry Rosovsky, the Corporation’s first Jewish fellow and its first Harvard faculty member since 1852, and Washington lawyer Judith Richards Hope, the first female fellow. Brahmin Boston had no representative on the Corporation that Bok bequeathed to his successor. During this time, too, three new treasurers came in quick succession: George Putnam, another State Street banker; Roderick MacDougall, a Bank of New England executive; and Ronald Daniel, a former partner in the conspicuously non-Old Boston consulting firm of McKinsey and Company. Across the board, old boys gave way to non-Brahmin newcomers. As both Harvard and its bureaucracy grew, the Corporation became more detached from the mundane realities of University governance. Streaming in from points south and west, the fellows met every two weeks on Monday mornings for a heavy schedule of reports, discussions, and meetings with the president and his chief administrative officers.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Street vendors – new york (state) – new york"
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Zhang, Feng, Ningxuan Feng, Yani Liu, Cheng Yang, Jidong Zhai, Shuhao Zhang, Bingsheng He, Jiazao Lin i Xiaoyong Du. "PewLSTM: Periodic LSTM with Weather-Aware Gating Mechanism for Parking Behavior Prediction". W Twenty-Ninth International Joint Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Seventeenth Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence {IJCAI-PRICAI-20}. California: International Joint Conferences on Artificial Intelligence Organization, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24963/ijcai.2020/610.
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In big cities, there are plenty of parking spaces, but we often find nowhere to park. For example, New York has 1.4 million cars and 4.4 million on-street parking spaces, but it is still not easy to find a parking place near our destination, especially during peak hours. The reason is the lack of prediction of parking behavior. If we could provide parking behavior in advance, we can ease this parking problem that affects human well-being. We observe that parking lots have periodic parking patterns, which is an important factor for parking behavior prediction. Unfortunately, existing work ignores such periodic parking patterns in parking behavior prediction, and thus incurs low accuracy. To solve this problem, we propose PewLSTM, a novel periodic weather-aware LSTM model that successfully predicts the parking behavior based on historical records, weather, environments, and weekdays. PewLSTM has been successfully integrated into a real parking space reservation system, ThsParking, which is one of the top smart parking platforms in China. Based on 452,480real parking records in 683 days from 10 parking lots, PewLSTM yields 85.3% parking prediction accuracy, which is about 20% higher than the state-of-the-art parking behavior prediction method. The code and data can be obtained fromhttps://github.com/NingxuanFeng/PewLSTM.