Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Stream habitat restoration”
Kliknij ten link, aby zobaczyć inne rodzaje publikacji na ten temat: Stream habitat restoration.
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych artykułów w czasopismach naukowych na temat „Stream habitat restoration”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj artykuły w czasopismach z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
1
Diebel, Matthew W., Jeffrey T. Maxted, Olaf P. Jensen i M. Jake Vander Zanden. "A spatial autocorrelative model for targeting stream restoration to benefit sensitive nongame fishes". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, nr 1 (styczeń 2010): 165–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f09-156.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Stream restoration projects often aim to benefit aquatic biota and frequently use the reappearance of sensitive nongame fish species as a measure of restoration success. However, mitigation of human influence will only benefit a given species where static habitat characteristics are suitable for that species and where potential source populations are within the range of their dispersal capability. We used spatial autoregressive habitat models to simulate the effect of watershed-scale stream restoration on the distributions of six sediment-sensitive fish species in Wisconsin, USA, streams. These models consider the probability of occurrence of a species in a given stream segment as a function of characteristics of that segment as well as the characteristics of neighboring segments. Populations of individual species are predicted to be restorable in 0.2%–2.8% of Wisconsin streams. Streams with high restoration potential for one or more species generally have high watershed human land use but are also closely connected through the stream network to relatively undisturbed streams. These results indicate that habitat restoration for nongame stream fishes will be most effective when it builds onto existing suitable habitat because of both dispersal limitation and spatial autocorrelation of habitat characteristics.
2
Choi, Byungwoong, i Seung Se Choi. "Integrated Hydraulic Modelling, Water Quality Modelling and Habitat Assessment for Sustainable Water Management: A Case Study of the Anyang-Cheon Stream, Korea". Sustainability 13, nr 8 (13.04.2021): 4330. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084330.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Recent ecological stream restoration projects have focused on expanding the water-friendly space of streams, promoting the health of aquatic ecosystems, and restoring various habitats, which raise the need for relevant research. Applying integrated environmental analysis, this study quantifies the change in hydraulic characteristics before and after the restoration projects through physical habitat simulation and links the results of physical impacts to estimate benefits of increase in water quality and aquatic ecosystem health due to the implementation of the project. For this, the study area is a 3.3 km long reach of the Anyang-cheon Stream, Korea. Field monitoring revealed that five fish species are dominant and sub-dominant, and account for 76% of the total fish community. To assess the change of before and after ecological stream restoration project, the River2D and Coastal Modelling System (CMS)-Flow 2D models were used for hydraulic and water quality simulations, respectively. For the habitat simulation, the HSI (Habitat Suitability Index) model was used. In addition, the Canadian Council of Ministers of the Environment Water Quality Index (CCME WQI) was used to calculate changes in water quality index and to examine changes in habitat areas with an integrated quantitative index, the methodology of Zingraff-Hamed et al. was adopted. It was found that the ecological stream restoration project significantly increased for the eco-friendly area. In addition, the changes in water quality and habitat suitability grades before the ecological river restoration project were improved to two stages and one stage, respectively. This study applied the integrated analytical framework as a policy/project assessment tool and the results of this study will be useful for the integrated water management policy.
3
Boromisza, Zsombor, Zsuzsanna Illyés, Attila Gergely, Szilvia Mészáros i Zsófia Monspart-Molnár. "Evaluation of the possibilities for stream restoration: preassessment of the Váli-stream (Hungary)". Landscape & Environment 10, nr 1 (7.05.2016): 26–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21120/le/10/1/3.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The purpose of this study is to evaluate the potential of restoration of a stream section. The starting point of the multiple-step assessment process was a historical analysis, which resulted in the definition of different sections within the study area, providing a base for the further restoration goals. The assessment of the current conditions was elaborated particularly to determine those factors, which could limit restoration. These assessments cover the land use pattern, furthermore the analysis of vegetation and habitat patches. As a result of the historical analysis, it has been found that the stream side habitat patches have decreased significantly despite the constant space available. This change was not caused by the increased area of the settlement, but rather by the higher dominancy of arable forms of land use. The greatest share of wet and mesic meadows and agricultural habitats in the study areas, covering 57.5% of the total area, indicates significant anthropogenic effects. Consequently it can be stated that the reference conditions are not the only determining factors of the restoration possibilities. Restoration style and intensity have been defined on basis of all assessed factors.
4
Bond, Morgan H., Tyler G. Nodine, Tim J. Beechie i Richard W. Zabel. "Estimating the benefits of widespread floodplain reconnection for Columbia River Chinook salmon". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, nr 7 (lipiec 2019): 1212–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0108.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In the Pacific Northwest, widespread stream channel simplification has led to a loss of habitat area and diversity for rearing salmon. Subsequent efforts throughout the Columbia River basin (CRB) have attempted to restore habitats altered through land development to recover imperiled salmon populations. However, there is scant evidence for demographic change in salmon populations following restoration. We used a process-based approach to estimate the potential benefit of floodplain reconnection throughout the CRB to Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) parr. Using satellite imagery, we measured stream habitats at 2093 CRB stream reaches to construct random forest models of habitat based on geomorphic and regional characteristics. Connected floodplain width was the most important factor for determining side channel presence. We estimated a current CRB-wide decrease in side channel habitat area of 26% from historical conditions. Reconnection of historical floodplains currently used for agriculture could increase side channel habitat by 25% and spring Chinook salmon parr total rearing capacity by 9% over current estimates. Individual watersheds vary greatly in habitat factors that limit salmon recovery, and large-scale estimates of restoration potential like these are needed to make decisions about long-term restoration goals among imperiled populations.
5
Hasselquist, Eliza, Lina Polvi, Maria Kahlert, Christer Nilsson, Lisa Sandberg i Brendan McKie. "Contrasting Responses among Aquatic Organism Groups to Changes in Geomorphic Complexity Along a Gradient of Stream Habitat Restoration: Implications for Restoration Planning and Assessment". Water 10, nr 10 (17.10.2018): 1465. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101465.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Many stream restoration projects aim to increase geomorphic complexity, assuming that this increases habitat heterogeneity and, thus, biodiversity. However, empirical data supporting these linkages remain scant. Previous assessments of stream restoration suffer from incomplete quantification of habitat complexity, or a narrow focus on only one organism group and/or one restoration measure, limiting learning. Based on a comprehensive quantification of geomorphic complexity in 20 stream reaches in northern Sweden, ranging from streams channelized for timber floating to restored and reference reaches, we investigated responses of macroinvertebrates, diatoms, and macrophytes to multiple geomorphic metrics. Sediment size heterogeneity, which was generally improved in restored sites, favored macroinvertebrate and diatom diversity and macroinvertebrate abundance. In contrast, macrophyte diversity responded to increased variation along the longitudinal stream profile (e.g., step-pools), which was not consistently improved by the restoration. Our analyses highlight the value of learning across multiple restoration projects, both in identifying which aspects of restoration have succeeded, and pinpointing other measures that might be targeted during adaptive management or future restoration. Given our results, a combination of restoration measures targeting not only sediment size heterogeneity, but also features such as step-pools and instream wood, is most likely to benefit benthic biota in streams.
6
Rubin, Zan, G. Kondolf i Blanca Rios-Touma. "Evaluating Stream Restoration Projects: What Do We Learn from Monitoring?" Water 9, nr 3 (28.02.2017): 174. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w9030174.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Two decades since calls for stream restoration projects to be scientifically assessed, most projects are still unevaluated, and conducted evaluations yield ambiguous results. Even after these decades of investigation, do we know how to define and measure success? We systematically reviewed 26 studies of stream restoration projects that used macroinvertebrate indicators to assess the success of habitat heterogeneity restoration projects. All 26 studies were previously included in two meta-analyses that sought to assess whether restoration programs were succeeding. By contrast, our review focuses on the evaluations themselves, and asks what exactly we are measuring and learning from these evaluations. All 26 studies used taxonomic diversity, richness, or abundance of invertebrates as biological measures of success, but none presented explicit arguments why those metrics were relevant measures of success for the restoration projects. Although changes in biodiversity may reflect overall ecological condition at the regional or global scale, in the context of reach-scale habitat restoration, more abundance and diversity may not necessarily be better. While all 26 studies sought to evaluate the biotic response to habitat heterogeneity enhancement projects, about half of the studies (46%) explicitly measured habitat alteration, and 31% used visual estimates of grain size or subjectively judged ‘habitat quality’ from protocols ill-suited for the purpose. Although the goal of all 26 projects was to increase habitat heterogeneity, 31% of the studies either sampled only riffles or did not specify the habitats sampled. One-third of the studies (35%) used reference ecosystems to define target conditions. After 20 years of stream restoration evaluation, more work remains for the restoration community to identify appropriate measures of success and to coordinate monitoring so that evaluations are at a scale capable of detecting ecosystem change.
7
Arkle, Robert S., i David S. Pilliod. "Stream Restoration Is Influenced by Details of Engineered Habitats at a Headwater Mine Site". Diversity 13, nr 2 (27.01.2021): 48. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13020048.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A lack of information regarding which ecological factors influence restoration success or failure has hindered scientifically based restoration decision-making. We focus on one headwater site to examine factors influencing divergent ecological outcomes of two post-mining stream restoration projects designed to improve instream conditions following 70 years of mining impacts. One project was designed to simulate natural stream conditions by creating a morphologically complex channel with high habitat heterogeneity (HH-reach). A second project was designed to reduce contaminants and sediment using a sand filter along a straight, armored channel, which resulted in different habitat characteristics and comparatively low habitat heterogeneity (LH-reach). Within 2 years of completion, stream habitat parameters and community composition within the HH-reach were similar to those of reference reaches. In contrast, habitat and community composition within the LH-reach differed substantially from reference reaches, even 7–8 years after project completion. We found that an interaction between low gradient and high light availability, created by the LH-reach design, facilitated a Chironomid-Nostoc mutualism. These symbionts dominated the epilithic surface of rocks and there was little habitat for tailed frog larvae, bioavailable macroinvertebrates, and fish. After controlling for habitat quantity, potential colonizing species’ traits, and biogeographic factors, we found that habitat characteristics combined to facilitate different ecological outcomes, whereas time since treatment implementation was less influential. We demonstrate that stream communities can respond quickly to restoration of physical characteristics and increased heterogeneity, but “details matter” because interactions between the habitats we create and between the species that occupy them can be complex, unpredictable, and can influence restoration effectiveness.
8
Ebersole, Joseph L., William J. Liss i Christopher A. Frissell. "Thermal heterogeneity, stream channel morphology, and salmonid abundance in northeastern Oregon streams". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 60, nr 10 (1.10.2003): 1266–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f03-107.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Heterogeneity in stream water temperatures created by local influx of cooler subsurface waters into geomorphically complex stream channels was associated with increased abundance of rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) and chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tshawytscha) in northeastern Oregon. The addition of cold water patch frequency and area as explanatory variables in salmonid habitat models indicated that doubling of cold water patch frequency was associated with increases in rainbow trout and chinook salmon abundances of 31% and 59%, respectively. Doubling of cold water patch area was associated with changes of 10% in rainbow trout abundance but was not associated with chinook abundance after accounting for other habitat factors. The physiognomy, distribution, and connectivity of cold water patches, important attributes determining the effectiveness of these habitats as thermal refuges for stream fishes, were associated with channel bedform and riparian features. Monitoring of thermal heterogeneity and salmonid populations in response to ongoing habitat restoration efforts will provide additional insights into causal relationships among these factors.
9
Bond, N. R., i P. S. Lake. "Local habitat restoration in streams: Constraints on the effectiveness of restoration for stream biota". Ecological Management and Restoration 4, nr 3 (grudzień 2003): 193–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1046/j.1442-8903.2003.00156.x.
Pełny tekst źródła
10
Slaney, P. A., i A. D. Martin. "The Watershed Restoration Program of British Columbia: Accelerating Natural Recovery Processes". Water Quality Research Journal 32, nr 2 (1.05.1997): 325–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wqrj.1997.022.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Until recently, in British Columbia, there was no mechanism to ensure the rehabilitation of resource values adversely impacted by logging-induced landslides, erosion from logging roads, and harvesting of mature riparian trees to the stream-bank. In 1994, the Watershed Restoration Program was initiated under the province’s Forest Renewal Plan to provide an opportunity for diverse stakeholder partnerships to accelerate the recovery of watersheds impacted by logging practices of the past. Several decades of research on watershed processes, limitations to salmonid production in streams and rehabilitation techniques, combined with provincial training initiatives, provide the technical basis for application of a set of integrated restorative measures linked to the new Forest Practices Code. As first priority, the conditions of roads, slopes, gullies, riparian areas, stream channels and fish habitat are assessed. Roads are storm proofed by either reestablishing natural drainage patterns or by deactivation. Hillslope scars are revege-tated with grasses, shrubs and trees to control erosion, thus increasing fish stock productivity, while also improving water quality, forest regeneration and biodiversity. Riparian silvicultural treatments eventually (one to two centuries) restore recruitment of large coniferous woody debris to stream channels and restabilize streambanks. Large wood, boulder clusters and other structural elements that emulate nature are installed in stable stream channels to restore summer habitat and critical overwintering refuges in streams, thus rehabilitating and maintaining fish habitat until logged riparian areas naturally supply mature windfalls. Restoring of fish access and replenishing of nutrients for the food chain are also provided where assessed as beneficial to the functional recovery process. Rehabilitation of off-channel fish habitat, including creation of channel-pond complexes, is one of the primary techniques to offset habitat degradation in hydrologically unstable or non-functional stream channels within logged flood-plains. The program provides an opportunity for innovation and evaluation, as well as a challenge to cost-effectively implement rehabilitation on a sufficient scale to accelerate the recovery of watershed processes to the benefit of fisheries, aquatic and forest resource values in British Columbia’s forested watersheds.
11
Beechie, Timothy J., Caleb Fogel, Colin Nicol i Britta Timpane-Padgham. "A process-based assessment of landscape change and salmon habitat losses in the Chehalis River basin, USA". PLOS ONE 16, nr 11 (2.11.2021): e0258251. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0258251.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Identifying necessary stream and watershed restoration actions requires quantifying natural potential habitat conditions to diagnose habitat change and evaluate restoration potential. We used three general methods of quantifying natural potential: historical maps and survey notes, contemporary reference sites, and models. Historical information was available only for the floodplain habitat analysis. We used contemporary reference sites to estimate natural potential habitat conditions for wood abundance, riparian shade, main channel length, and side channel length. For fine sediment, temperature, and beaver ponds we relied on models. We estimated a 90% loss of potential beaver pond area, 91% loss of side-channel length, and 92% loss or degradation of floodplain marshes and ponds. Spawning habitat area change due to wood loss ranged from -23% to -68% across subbasins. Other changes in habitat quantity or quality were smaller—either in magnitude or spatial extent—including rearing habitat areas, stream temperature, and accessible stream length. Historical floodplain habitat mapping provided the highest spatial resolution and certainty in locations and amounts of floodplain habitat lost or degraded, whereas use of the contemporary reference information provided less site specificity for wood abundance and side-channel length change. The models for fine sediment levels and beaver pond areas have the lowest reach-specific certainty, whereas the model of temperature change has higher certainty because it is based on a detailed riparian inventory. Despite uncertainties at the reach level, confidence in subbasin-level estimates of habitat change is moderate to high because accuracy increases as data are aggregated over multiple reaches. Our results show that the largest habitat losses were floodplain and beaver pond habitats, but use of these habitat change results in salmon life-cycle models can illustrate how the potential benefits of alternative habitat restoration actions varies among species with differing habitat preferences.
12
Kim, Jung-Jae, Usman Atique i Kwang-Guk An. "Long-Term Ecological Health Assessment of a Restored Urban Stream Based on Chemical Water Quality, Physical Habitat Conditions and Biological Integrity". Water 11, nr 1 (10.01.2019): 114. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w11010114.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
We studied the chemical water quality, physical habitat and biotic integrity of an urban stream subjected to restoration measures in South Korea. We used the water pollution index (WPI), qualitative habitat evaluation index (QHEI) and index of biotic integrity (IBI) on the water quality, physical habitat and fish assemblage data respectively, during 2007–2016 in Gap Stream to evaluate the ecological health before and after restoration measures. The results revealed annual mean total phosphorus (TP) dramatically decreased by 13-fold for 10 years and the values of biological oxygen demand (BOD) and chemical oxygen demand (COD) also decreased by >50% over the time, indicating decrease in nutrient enrichment and organic matter pollution after restoration measures. In the meantime, biological health analyses using IBI indicated no major transformation in fish assemblages under restoration impact. However, the proportion of sensitive species increased, and tolerant species decreased after restoration. Gap stream is home to 50 distinct fish species. QHEI proposed that the physical habitat health was in ‘good’ condition during the study period. WPI showed the chemical water quality status remained ‘poor’ during and before restoration but improved to ‘fair-good’ condition in the ensuing years after restoration. The IBI results, however, indicated ‘very poor-poor’ biotic integrity irrespective of restoration measures. CHL-a and TP showed strong (r < 0.7) to moderately strong (r = 0.5–0.7) correlation with significantly important water quality factors. Spatially significant pattern change in TN and TP was obvious as measured levels were significantly higher (p < 0.01) in downstream than upstream. Principal component analysis successfully indicated the placement of water quality factors and indices used as in three distinct stream compartments. The higher pollutant levels in the downstream mainly linked to the nutrient-rich effluents from emerging from the wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) and industrial complexes operative in the stream catchment. Overall, restoration measures indicated minor impact on fish assemblages and physical habitat due to slow and steady improvement, however, water quality improved due to a decline of nutrients and chemicals downstream. This indicated a positive tendency of improvements in physical habitat and richness of fish assemblages in Gap Stream.
13
Shields, F. D., S. S. Knight i C. M. Cooper. "Incised stream physical habitat restoration with stone weirs". Regulated Rivers: Research & Management 10, nr 2-4 (sierpień 1995): 181–98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rrr.3450100213.
Pełny tekst źródła
14
Laasonen, Pekka, Timo Muotka i Ilkka Kivijärvi. "Recovery of macroinvertebrate communities from stream habitat restoration". Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 8, nr 1 (styczeń 1998): 101–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1099-0755(199801/02)8:1<101::aid-aqc251>3.0.co;2-4.
Pełny tekst źródła
15
Richer, Eric E., Emily A. Gates, Matt C. Kondratieff i Adam T. Herdrich. "Modelling changes in trout habitat following stream restoration". River Research and Applications 35, nr 6 (23.05.2019): 680–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.3444.
Pełny tekst źródła
16
Casatti, L., F. Langeani, A. M. Silva i R. M. C. Castro. "Stream fish, water and habitat quality in a pasture dominated basin, southeastern Brazil". Brazilian Journal of Biology 66, nr 2b (maj 2006): 681–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842006000400012.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A fish survey in 35 stream reaches (from 1st to 3rd order) with physicochemical and habitat assessment in the São José dos Dourados system, southeastern Brazil, was conducted. Most of the basin land cover (77.4%) is used for pasture. From the sampled stream reaches, 24 were of good physicochemical quality, 10 of fair quality, and only one of poor quality. A habitat assessment showed that 10 stream reaches were considered fair, 22 were poor, and 3 were very poor. Fifty species were collected and their abundances showed strong correlation with habitat descriptors. In addition to the correlation between fish abundance and habitat, some species also showed optimal distribution related to the degree of physical habitat conservation. Streams located in this region experience organic pollution, but the most important aspect is the decline of the instream physical habitat condition, especially in first order streams, which negatively affects coarse substrates and water column dependent fish species. Effluent control, riparian vegetation restoration programs, siltation control and adequate sustainable soil use are practices which could mitigate such impacts.
17
Koepke, Jonathan. "URBAN STREAM RESTORATION AND APPLIED PRACTICES IN NORTHEAST ILLINOIS". Journal of Green Building 12, nr 2 (marzec 2017): 13–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3992/1943-4618.12.2.13.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
INTRODUCTION: In-stream and watershed dynamics in urban and urbanizing areas have significant impacts on local property and infrastructure, as well as the quality of the stream itself including: water quality, habitat, physical characteristics, and biodiversity. As land development occurs, natural vegetation and exposed soils are converted to buildings, pavement and other impervious surfaces. This leads to increased runoff during storm events as well as decreasing the time that it takes that stormwater to reach streams, wetlands, and other stormwater storage and conveyance systems. These hydrologic changes in a watershed often occur at a rapid pace which results in rapid destabilization and degradation of streams and rivers. Rivers and streams are naturally dynamic systems. They naturally erode and reshape themselves based on changes to the watershed or the stream itself. Erosion and deposition are natural processes that have always been important components of stream systems and in and of themselves are not undesirable. When natural stream dynamics are rapidly accelerated, however, an entire series of negative impacts to the stream and the biological systems that are depended on the stream occur. Rapid destabilization of streams often leads to significant bank and bed erosion that negatively impact stream health and frequently leads to negative impact to property, buildings and structures, as well as public infrastructure. Past approaches to stream bank and bed stabilization often involved channelization, armoring, and other gray infrastructure techniques to protect public and private property in the effected reaches of streams and rivers without taking into account the overall stream system dynamics. Early stabilization efforts frequently led to other unintended consequences by accelerating the rate of bank and bed erosion in untreated reaches, inadvertent flooding, and other infrastructure impacts. The complex nature of stream dynamics and fluvial geomorphology when applied to urban stream systems and significantly modified watersheds require the need for detailed analysis of the morphology of the stream. Consideration of the complex factors and processes that make up fluvial morphology are critical when selecting practices or methods of stream restoration. Many agencies and cooperative partners work to accumulate and analyze case studies and detailed research in order to develop a method of evaluating and prescribing different stream restoration techniques based on the morphologic conditions in the stream reach (Lyn D.A., and Newton J.F., 2015). An accumulation of case studies, research, and scholarly work on stream restoration techniques and practices helps shape and inform designers across multiple agencies in order to effectively select and design restoration practices. Ultimately, in urban streams, the designer is working to establish a condition of dynamic equilibrium in the treated stream reach. Dynamic equilibrium is defined as a stream reach that is in balance with sediment transport, aggradation, degradation, and bank and bed erosion. When those characteristics are in balance based on the inputs of sediment within the watershed, the bed load and sediments the stream transports, and discharge rate and volume, then the stream is considered to be in a relatively stable state (FISRWG, 1998). The selection then of stream restoration and stabilization practices in urban areas is dependent on not only the reach being treated, but also on the overall watershed dynamics. In addition to the physics of the actual practices implemented, including resistance to shear stresses and velocity of the water flow within the stream channel being treated, the practices must also take into account the larger picture of stream dynamics including sediment delivery and transport, within the watershed and not just within the treated reach. Successful urban stream restoration and stabilization techniques mimic the structures found in more undisturbed systems through the utilization of similar materials in an engineered configuration. In many streams the use of a combination of hard and soft armorment and stabilization solutions including stone, woody debris materials, modern geosynthetic reinforcement devices and native vegetation to stabilize and naturalize stream channels, thereby provided enhanced habitat, better water quality, and protecting property and infrastructure.
18
Whiteway, Sarah L., Pascale M. Biron, André Zimmermann, Oscar Venter i James W. A. Grant. "Do in-stream restoration structures enhance salmonid abundance? A meta-analysis". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 67, nr 5 (maj 2010): 831–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f10-021.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Despite the widespread use of stream restoration structures to improve fish habitat, few quantitative studies have evaluated their effectiveness. This study uses a meta-analysis approach to test the effectiveness of five types of in-stream restoration structures (weirs, deflectors, cover structures, boulder placement, and large woody debris) on both salmonid abundance and physical habitat characteristics. Compilation of data from 211 stream restoration projects showed a significant increase in pool area, average depth, large woody debris, and percent cover, as well as a decrease in riffle area, following the installation of in-stream structures. There was also a significant increase in salmonid density (mean effect size of 0.51, or 167%) and biomass (mean effect size of 0.48, or 162%) following the installation of structures. Large differences were observed between species, with rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss ) showing the largest increases in density and biomass. This compilation highlights the potential of in-stream structures to create better habitat for and increase the abundance of salmonids, but the scarcity of long-term monitoring of the effectiveness of in-stream structures is problematic.
19
Tewari, Ankit, Prabhat Kumar Singh i Shishir Gaur. "Engineered hyporheic zones: design and applications in stream health restoration – a review". Water Supply 22, nr 2 (27.10.2021): 2179–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/ws.2021.366.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract Anthropogenic deterioration of streams and rivers has affected their surface-subsurface linkages. This has led to the degradation of hyporheic zones, a sensitive interface between a stream channel and its surrounding sediments, responsible for transforming pollutants, natural solutes and supporting benthic communities. Several authors have reported the influence of stream restoration measures on hyporheic exchanges and have called for the inclusion of hyporheic zone restorations in stream management. Engineered Hyporheic Zones (EHZ) are the creation of artificial transition areas due to induced hyporheic flows, brought about by some feature modifications done to the stream channel or its subsurface. These feature modifications and their implications have been investigated through lab experiments, outdoor flumes, modelling and field studies for several years. This paper attempts to summarize the endeavours made in the study of EHZ and its applications in water quality improvement and habitat restoration. A comprehensive review of up-to-date literature with specific focus on the influence of engineered structures on hyporheic exchanges is presented, followed by the comparison of preferences opted for different studies and their limitations. The paper ends with suggestive future scope in EHZ studies and its potential as a low cost alternative treatment technology for river restoration.
20
Louhi, Pauliina, Teppo Vehanen, Ari Huusko, Aki Mäki-Petäys i Timo Muotka. "Long-term monitoring reveals the success of salmonid habitat restoration". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 73, nr 12 (grudzień 2016): 1733–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2015-0546.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The growing concern on declining salmonid populations has resulted in numerous restoration projects with variable responses worldwide. In this spatially replicated multiyear study, we assessed the long-term (12 years postrestoration) effects of in-stream habitat restoration (i.e., addition of boulders or large woody debris (LWD) together with boulders) on densities of three age-classes of juvenile brown trout (Salmo trutta) in six forest streams in northern Finland. LWD combined with boulders was more beneficial, particularly for the larger trout (age-2 and older), than were boulder structures alone, indicating that the more diverse habitat created by LWD may have provided a safeguard against drought for the larger fish. Density of age-0+ trout showed a significant long-term increase in boulder-restored sections, providing evidence that log structures may need to be complemented by stony enhancement structures to guarantee the availability of suitable stream habitat for all trout age-classes. As trout densities are known to exhibit inherently wide interannual variability that tracks climatically induced hydrological variation, long-term postrestoration monitoring that encompasses extreme hydrological events is critical for evaluating the success of restoration projects.
21
EBERSOLE, JOSEPH L., i WILLIAM J. LISS. "FORUM: Restoration of Stream Habitats in the Western United States: Restoration as Reexpression of Habitat Capacity". Environmental Management 21, nr 1 (1.01.1997): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s002679900001.
Pełny tekst źródła
22
Park, Kidoo, Kil Lee i Young-Oh Kim. "Use of Instream Structure Technique for Aquatic Habitat Formation in Ecological Stream Restoration". Sustainability 10, nr 11 (2.11.2018): 4032. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su10114032.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Drought flow as the minimum flow rate required for restoration of the Mokgamcheon stream was calculated by the Storm Water Management Model (SWMM) V.5.0. The adequacy of drought flow to guarantee the minimum ecological environment was assessed using suitable low-flows not exceeding the maximum pollution concentration of the ecosystem calculated by Design FLOWs (DFLOW) V.4.1. Fish flows, which provide proper ecological habitat for fish, were calculated using Physical HABitat SIMulation (PHABSIM) V.1.5.2 to provide proper ecological habitat for target fishes such as Carassius auratus and Zacco platypus. The monthly expected instream flows were determined as the largest value between drought flow and fish flow. In most cases, instream flows were determined by drought flows exceeding fish flows that satisfy the condition of species habitat, but in the case of Carassius auratus, drought flows were less than fish flows in April, September, and October. Thus, structural measures for the supply of additional discharge were required. Instead, when natural environment-friendly instream structures, such as stepping stones were used, affordable ecological restoration that met the preferred conditions for discharge and depth of Carassius auratus was possible. The stepping stones were assessed using River2D V.0.95a to measure their effectiveness compared to other structural measures that would be costly and time-consuming to secure shortage of fish flow. Finally, the stability of the habitat was assessed through flood analysis; in case of a flood discharge of 5.2 m3/s obtained from time-series analysis, it was evaluated that the stability of habitats could be reasonable.
23
Lavelle, Anna M., Michael A. Chadwick, Daniel D. A. Chadwick, Eleri G. Pritchard i Nicolas R. Bury. "Effects of Habitat Restoration on Fish Communities in Urban Streams". Water 13, nr 16 (7.08.2021): 2170. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13162170.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Geomorphological alterations, hydrological disconnectivity and water pollution are among the dominant pressures affecting ecological integrity in urban streams. River restoration approaches often involve utilising in-stream structures to encourage flow heterogeneity and promote habitat diversity. However, few studies examine the success of such projects. In this study, fish density, biomass and community structure at paired restored and unrestored reaches across five tributaries of the River Thames were examined. Fish density varied among rivers and reaches but was generally higher at restored sites. Restored sites also exhibited higher overall fish biomass, attributed mainly to the presence of brown trout (Salmo trutta L.) at the River Wandle. Despite higher density and biomass values at restored sites, the community structure analysis did not identify strong links between either river or restoration status using either species-specific density or biomass. Our results highlight that although reach-scale restoration can lead to localised increases in species density and biomass, this may chiefly be due to aggregation owing to preferential habitats created through restoration activities at these sites. Over larger spatial scales, significant improvements to species richness and diversity are likely to be limited due to the poor water quality and disconnected nature of these urban streams. Whilst reach-scale restoration clearly has the potential to provide preferential habitats for fish species, future efforts should focus on improving connectivity for fish across the wider Thames basin network by removing barriers to passage, improving water quality, restoring watershed processes and creating well-connected, diverse habitats which can facilitate the survival of a wide array of fish species throughout their life cycle.
24
Bair, Russell T., Catalina Segura i Christopher M. Lorion. "Quantifying the restoration success of wood introductions to increase coho salmon winter habitat". Earth Surface Dynamics 7, nr 3 (5.09.2019): 841–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/esurf-7-841-2019.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. Large wood (LW) addition is often part of fish habitat restoration projects. However, there is limited information about the spatial–temporal variability in hydraulic changes after LW additions. We investigated reach-scale hydraulic changes triggered after the addition of LW that are relevant to juvenile coho salmon survival. We used Nays2DH, an unsteady two-dimensional flow model, to quantify the patterns and magnitudes of changes of stream velocity and shear stress in three alluvial gravel reaches. The study sites are located in low-gradient reaches draining 5 to 16 km2 in the Oregon Coast Range. Survivable habitat was characterized in terms of critical swim speed for juvenile coho and bed stability considering the critical shear stress required to mobilize the median bed particle size. Model predictions indicated that survivable habitat during bankfull conditions, measured as the area with velocity below the critical swim speed for juvenile coho, increased by 95 %–113 % after the LW restoration. Bed stability also increased between 86 % and 128 % considering the shear stress required to mobilize the median bed particle size. Model predictions indicated more habitat created in the larger site; however, considering that wood would move more frequently in this site there appears to be a trade-off between the timing and the resilience of restoration benefits. Overall, this study quantifies how the addition of LW potentially changes stream hydraulics to provide a net benefit to juvenile salmonid habitat. Our findings are applicable to stream restoration efforts throughout the Pacific Northwest.
25
MOMOSE, Hiroshi, Naomi KIBE, Shin-ichi SUDA, Masaru KONO, Terutake HAYASHI i Nobuo FUJIWARA. "Restoration of stream environment neara dam lake as habitat for stream-living animals." ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEMS RESEARCH 28 (2000): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.2208/proer.28.233.
Pełny tekst źródła
26
Courtice, Gregory J., Abul Basar M. Baki, David Z. Zhu, Christopher L. Cahill i William M. Tonn. "Stream habitat connectivity in the Canadian Arctic: an on-site approach to design and construction". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 43, nr 2 (luty 2016): 139–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2015-0241.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
We developed a successful on-site approach for design and construction of stream modifications that addressed challenging remote-site conditions of limited field data and available construction materials. Fish habitat connectivity enhancements were constructed within an Arctic headwater stream containing a naturally impassable cascade section with 13% slope, which was bypassed in a newly constructed channel at 5% slope with nature-like fishpass structures. Primary design considerations included (1) creating suitable hydraulic characteristics for fish passage in periods of high and low discharges; (2) reducing drop heights and creating unimpeded flow paths; (3) improving hydraulic complexity for a variety of stream habitats; and (4) salvaging and incorporating vegetation disturbed from construction activities into riparian and in-stream habitat structures. In high gradient reaches (2.5%–5%), we constructed boulder weirs, boulder chokes, and deflection boulders to overcome migration impediments. In medium gradient reaches (1.5–2.5%), rock ramps, boulder chokes, and deflection boulders were constructed to control hydraulic characteristics to ensure an unimpeded flow path, suitable hydraulic complexity, and resting zones. At lower gradients (<1.5%), we incorporated a softer approach using riparian vegetation and in-stream woody debris to ensure a similar quality of fish habitat as created in the higher gradient reaches. Initial hydraulic responses to the modifications indicated this reconstructed channel provided suitable hydraulic and habitat characteristics for habitat connectivity throughout the entire stream. Our findings advance understanding of headwater stream hydraulics in the Canadian Arctic and will assist in designing future stream restoration and fish habitat compensation projects on small and remote systems. This case study supports the feasibility of successfully constructing future habitat compensation projects in challenging remote environments when using an on-site, adaptive design and construction approach.
27
Polivka, Karl M., E. Ashley Steel i Jenni L. Novak. "Juvenile salmon and steelhead occupancy of stream pools treated and not treated with restoration structures, Entiat River, Washington". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 72, nr 2 (luty 2015): 166–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2014-0228.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
We observed habitat occupancy by juvenile Chinook salmon (Oncorhynchus tschawytscha) and steelhead trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) at in-stream habitat restoration structures constructed in the Entiat River, Washington, USA. In 2009–2013, fish abundance measurements during rearing (July–October) showed high temporal variability in pools with restoration structures. Both species were more abundant at restored pools than at natural pools in early summer (July), but this difference was typically absent by September. Fish response to restoration structures also varied across years. When looking only at restored pools, there were strong seasonal fluxes in parameters describing the effects of temperature, water depth, and current velocity on fish abundance. Significant interaction terms such as current velocity × depth and temperature × current velocity were present for both species, suggesting that these may be important physical attributes improved by restoration. Through extensive sampling in untreated habitat, both within the treated segment and in nearby control segments, we found that when higher Chinook abundance was observed at restored pools, it was apparently attributable to an increase in habitat capacity and not due to depletion of fish from natural habitat in the same segment. Steelhead habitat selection was too inconsistent for conclusions about capacity, but we did not observe evidence that structures depleted untreated habitat.
28
Morley, Sarah A., Linda D. Rhodes, Anne E. Baxter, Giles W. Goetz, Abigail H. Wells i Katherine D. Lynch. "Invertebrate and Microbial Response to Hyporheic Restoration of an Urban Stream". Water 13, nr 4 (12.02.2021): 481. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w13040481.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
All cities face complex challenges managing urban stormwater while also protecting urban water bodies. Green stormwater infrastructure and process-based restoration offer alternative strategies that prioritize watershed connectivity. We report on a new urban floodplain restoration technique being tested in the City of Seattle, USA: an engineered hyporheic zone. The hyporheic zone has long been an overlooked component in floodplain restoration. Yet this subsurface area offers enormous potential for stormwater amelioration and is a critical component of healthy streams. From 2014 to 2017, we measured hyporheic temperature, nutrients, and microbial and invertebrate communities at three paired stream reaches with and without hyporheic restoration. At two of the three pairs, water temperature was significantly lower at the restored reach, while dissolved organic carbon and microbial metabolism were higher. Hyporheic invertebrate density and taxa richness were significantly higher across all three restored reaches. These are some of the first quantified responses of hyporheic biological communities to restoration. Our results complement earlier reports of enhanced hydrologic and chemical functioning of the engineered hyporheic zone. Together, this research demonstrates that incorporation of hyporheic design elements in floodplain restoration can enhance temperature moderation, habitat diversity, contaminant filtration, and the biological health of urban streams.
29
Matoušková, Milada. "Ecohydrological monitoring of the river habitat quality". Geografie 109, nr 2 (2004): 105–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.37040/geografie2004109020105.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Complex ecohydrological methods are of principal significance when evaluating the state of water ecosystems and they give also decisive information for their restoration. New approaches in the evaluation allow a broader view at the water ecosystem. The ecohydrological state of a stream is determined by a set of hydromorphological characteristics of the river channel, of its runoff, by hydrochemical and hydrobiological condition of water, by the character of bank and riparian belts and transformation of the floodplain. The new European Water Framework Directive (2000/60/EC) underlines the significance of ecohydrological methods. In the paper is represented a method of ecomorphological evaluation of streams habitat quality and its application on the model study area of the Rakovnický Brook.
30
Kasahara, Tamao, i Alan R. Hill. "Effects of rifflestep restoration on hyporheic zone chemistry in N-rich lowland streams". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 63, nr 1 (1.01.2006): 120–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/f05-199.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Stream restoration projects that aim to rehabilitate ecosystem health have not considered surfacesubsurface linkages, although stream water and groundwater interaction has an important role in sustaining stream ecosystem functions. The present study examined the effect of constructed riffles and a step on hyporheic exchange flow and chemistry in restored reaches of several N-rich agricultural and urban streams in southern Ontario. Hydrometric data collected from a network of piezometers and conservative tracer releases indicated that the constructed riffles and steps were effective in inducing hyporheic exchange. However, despite the use of cobbles and boulders in the riffle construction, high stream dissolved oxygen (DO) concentrations were depleted rapidly with depth into the hyporheic zones. Differences between observed and predicted nitrate concentrations based on conservative ion concentration patterns indicated that these hyporheic zones were also nitrate sinks. Zones of low hydraulic conductivity and the occurrence of interstitial fines in the restored cobble-boulder layers suggest that siltation and clogging of the streambed may reduce the downwelling of oxygen- and nitrate-rich stream water. Increases in streambed DO levels and enhancement of habitat for hyporheic fauna that result from rifflestep construction projects may only be temporary in streams that receive increased sediment and nutrient inputs from urban areas and croplands.
31
L. Zambory, Courtney, Harvest Ellis, Clay L. Pierce, Kevin J. Roe, Michael J. Weber, Keith E. Schilling i Nathan C. Young. "The Development of a GIS Methodology to Identify Oxbows and Former Stream Meanders from LiDAR-Derived Digital Elevation Models". Remote Sensing 11, nr 1 (21.12.2018): 12. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11010012.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Anthropogenic development of floodplains and alteration to natural hydrological regimes have resulted in extensive loss of off-channel habitat. Interest has grown in restoring these habitats as an effective conservation strategy for numerous aquatic species. This study developed a process to reproducibly identify areas of former stream meanders to assist future off-channel restoration site selections. Three watersheds in Iowa and Minnesota where off-channel restorations are currently being conducted to aid the conservation of the Topeka Shiner (Notropis topeka) were selected as the study area. Floodplain depressions were identified with LiDAR-derived digital elevation models, and their morphologic and topographic characteristics were described. Classification tree models were developed to distinguish relic streams and oxbows from other landscape features. All models demonstrated a strong ability to distinguish between target and non-target features with area under the receiver operator curve (AUC) values ≥ 0.82 and correct classification rates ≥ 0.88. Solidity, concavity, and mean height above channel metrics were among the first splits in all trees. To compensate for the noise associated with the final model designation, features were ranked by their conditional probability. The results of this study will provide conservation managers with an improved process to identify candidate restoration sites.
32
Muehlbauer, J. D., M. W. Doyle i E. S. Bernhardt. "Macroinvertebrate community responses to a dewatering disturbance gradient in a restored stream". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences 15, nr 6 (9.06.2011): 1771–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hess-15-1771-2011.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. Dewatering disturbances are common in aquatic systems and represent a relatively untapped field of disturbance ecology, yet studying dewatering events along gradients in non-dichotomous (i.e. wet/dry) terms is often difficult. Because many stream restorations can essentially be perceived as planned hydrologic manipulations, such systems can make ideal test-cases for understanding processes of hydrological disturbance. In this study we used an experimental drawdown in a 440 ha stream/wetland restoration site to assess aquatic macroinvertebrate community responses to dewatering and subsequent rewetting. The geomorphic nature of the site and the design of the restoration allowed dewatering to occur predictably along a gradient and decoupled the hydrologic response from any geomorphic (i.e. habitat heterogeneity) effects. In the absence of such heterogeneous habitat refugia, reach-scale wetted perimeter and depth conditions exerted a strong control on community structure. The community exhibited an incremental response to dewatering severity over the course of this disturbance, which was made manifest not as a change in community means but as an increase in community variability, or dispersion, at each site. The dewatering also affected inter-species abundance and distributional patterns, as dewatering and rewetting promoted alternate species groups with divergent habitat tolerances. Finally, our results indicate that rapid rewetting – analogous to a hurricane breaking a summer drought – may represent a recovery process rather than an additional disturbance and that such processes, even in newly restored systems, may be rapid.
33
Muehlbauer, J. D., M. W. Doyle i E. S. Bernhardt. "Macroinvertebrate community responses to a dewatering disturbance gradient in a restored stream". Hydrology and Earth System Sciences Discussions 7, nr 6 (17.12.2010): 9599–630. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/hessd-7-9599-2010.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract. Dewatering disturbances are common in aquatic systems and represent a relatively untapped field of disturbance ecology, yet studying dewatering events along gradients in non-dichotomous (i.e., wet/dry) terms is often difficult. Because many stream restorations can essentially be perceived as planned hydrologic manipulations, such systems can make ideal test-cases for understanding processes of hydrological disturbance. In this study we used an experimental drawdown in a 440 ha stream/wetland restoration site to assess aquatic macroinvertebrate community responses to dewatering and subsequent rewetting. The geomorphic nature of the site and the design of the restoration allowed dewatering to occur predictably along a gradient and decoupled the hydrologic response from any geomorphic (i.e., habitat heterogeneity) effects. In the absence of such heterogeneous habitat refugia, reach-scale wetted perimeter and depth conditions exerted a strong control on community structure. The community exhibited an incremental response to dewatering severity over the course of this disturbance, which was made manifest not as a change in community means but as an increase in community variability, or dispersion, at each site. The dewatering also affected inter-species abundance and distributional patterns, as dewatering and rewetting promoted alternate species groups with divergent habitat tolerances. Finally, our results indicate that rapid rewetting – analogous to a hurricane breaking a summer drought – may represent a recovery process rather than an additional disturbance and that such processes, even in newly restored systems, may be rapid.
34
McCanty, Sean T., Thomas F. Dimino i Alan D. Christian. "Near-Term Changes to Reach Scale Habitat Features Following Headwater Stream Restoration in a Southeastern Massachusetts Former Cranberry Bog". Diversity 13, nr 6 (28.05.2021): 235. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/d13060235.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Land use changes remain one of the leading global change drivers leading to biodiversity loss in terrestrial and aquatic systems. Restoration aims to counteract the development of “natural” (i.e., forested, grassland, or wetland) spaces that alter and fragment the landscape and reduce local biodiversity through direct impacts to the water column and indirect impacts which inhibit adult dispersal of aquatic insects. This case study seeks to determine if a large-scale restoration of a former cranberry bog in Plymouth, MA has resulted in near-term measurable changes to the composition, structure, and function of local-scale in-stream habitat diversity. A three-year observational field study beginning one year prior to reconstruction was conducted at the restored cranberry bog and at two control treatment sites: an active cranberry bog reference and a least impacted reference (i.e., has never been used for modern agriculture). Seasonal inventories of in-stream habitat features including depth, substrate, macrohabitat, and in-stream cover were taken from 2015 to 2017. We found that 2 years post-restoration, there was no significant evidence of compositional or functional change, while there was a significant increase in structural diversity. There is reason to suspect the system is still in flux and longer-term monitoring may detect future habitat heterogeneity alterations.
35
Barbosa Ribeiro, Rodrigo Arison, Leandro Juen i Leandro Schlemmer Brasil. "Habitat conditions in streams influence Odonata larval assemblages in the eastern Amazon". International Journal of Odonatology 25 (11.01.2022): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.48156/1388.2022.1917160.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The growth of agricultural and mining activities in the Amazon has impacted land-use and caused significant changes in the local environmental conditions of streams. In the face of these changes, our study aimed at assessing how environmental changes affect Odonata larval assemblages in streams in the eastern Amazon. We hypothesized that habitat conditions in streams are strong predictors of Odonata larval assemblages. We sampled 30 headwater streams (1st through 3rd order) in the eastern Amazon. We corroborated our hypothesis that regional- and local-scale environmental changes are important predictors of the Odonata larval assemblage structure. These results indicate that environmental conditions within the stream channel are important to maintain Odonata larval assemblages, as they provide important resources for larval development. For new studies, we recommend the assessment of temporal dynamics to evaluate whether these patterns are stable across time. Finally, evaluating various environmental scales of the original impact is extremely relevant for preventing the deterioration of or recuperating aquatic assemblages in Amazonian streams, considering the ongoing rapid environmental changes and deforestation in the region. Here we demonstrate that in-stream environmental conditions are important to assemblage structure and this must be considered in environmental restoration plans.
36
Wathen, Gus, Jacob E. Allgeier, Nicolaas Bouwes, Michael M. Pollock, Daniel E. Schindler i Chris E. Jordan. "Beaver activity increases habitat complexity and spatial partitioning by steelhead trout". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 76, nr 7 (lipiec 2019): 1086–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2018-0171.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Freshwater habitat restoration is a major conservation objective, motivating efforts to restore habitat complexity and quality for fishes. Restoration based on the engineering activities of beavers (Castor canadensis) increases fish habitat complexity, but how this affects fish habitat use and movement behaviours is not well known. We used a network of passive integrated transponder antennas to quantify small-scale movement and microhabitat use of 175 individual juvenile steelhead (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in a stream channel with a complex bathymetric profile resulting from a beaver impoundment and in a simplified channel devoid of beaver activity. Our results show that juvenile steelhead exploit microhabitat heterogeneity by employing a range of behaviours that maximizes available habitat via spatial and temporal partitioning among individuals. These results suggest spatial resource partitioning as a potential mechanism for the previously established positive correlations among steelhead density, survival, and production with beaver-based restoration within the study watershed. More broadly, our findings provide insight as to how populations can exploit habitat complexity through spatial partitioning that can be informative for planning restoration and management actions.
37
Sweeney, Bernard W. "Streamside Forests and the Physical, Chemical, and Trophic Characteristics of Piedmont Streams in Eastern North America". Water Science and Technology 26, nr 12 (1.12.1992): 2653–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.1992.0367.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
It is now clear that water and habitat quality in the coastal embayments of eastern North America are greatly affected by the quality of water and habitat in the thousands of feeder streams and rivers comprising their watershed. In this paper I suggest that the quality of streamside forests may be the single most important factor altered by humans that affects the structure and function, and ultimately water quality, of the streams providing water to the coastal embayments. I use comparative data from forested and deforested reaches of streams in a small Piedmont watershed (White Clay Creek) to illustrate the actual and/or potential effects of streamside forests on: (i) availability of habitat; (ii) the nutrient chemistry of the water; and (iii) the quantitative and qualitative nature of the primary food base (organic detritus and algae) supporting higher trophic levels in streams. Also discussed are the potential role of streamside forests in partially mitigating the flux of sediment and nutrients into aquatic ecosystems, the effects of global warming on stream temperatures, and the deleterious effects on stream organisms of the increased levels of UV radiation associated with global ozone depletion. Current methods and approaches for streamside forest restoration are presented.
38
Kim, Jaehoon, Beomjun Kim, Seungchul Park, Hekap Kim i Jaeseok Choi. "Restoration Monitering of Fish Community in Odeasan National Park". Korea National Park Research Institute 13, nr 1 (30.06.2022): 49–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.54406/jnpr.2022.13.1.049.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This research was conducted three times at 17 sites from May to October 2021 to determine the degree of restoration of the fish community. A total 4,624 of individuals were collected into 19 species belonging to 9 families. As a result of clustering of each site, the fish species of the Amur river stream system(Youngdong region) and the Yellow river stream system(Youngseo region) were grouped into a mixed group, indicating that the fish community was very disturbed. Especially, Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis was regionally extinct in the past. But it regained its reputation in the past by habitat expanded from 14%(2004) to 86%(2021). Brachymystax lenok tsinlingensis is keystone species in the upper stream. Therefore it is expected to play an important role in the restoration of the upper stream fish community.
39
Cooper, Charles M., Sam Testa i F. D. Shields. "Stream restoration: response of benthos to engineered stable riffle/pool habitat". SIL Proceedings, 1922-2010 27, nr 3 (listopad 2000): 1520–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/03680770.1998.11901491.
Pełny tekst źródła
40
Spänhoff, Bernd, i Jens Arle. "Setting Attainable Goals of Stream Habitat Restoration from a Macroinvertebrate View". Restoration Ecology 15, nr 2 (czerwiec 2007): 317–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100x.2007.00216.x.
Pełny tekst źródła
41
Meixler, Marcia S., i Mark B. Bain. "Landscape scale assessment of stream channel and riparian habitat restoration needs". Landscape and Ecological Engineering 6, nr 2 (13.02.2010): 235–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11355-010-0103-6.
Pełny tekst źródła
42
Kondolf, G. Mathias. "Geomorphological stream channel classification in aquatic habitat restoration: Uses and limitations". Aquatic Conservation: Marine and Freshwater Ecosystems 5, nr 2 (czerwiec 1995): 127–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/aqc.3270050205.
Pełny tekst źródła
43
Anderson, Joseph H., Kirk L. Krueger, Clayton Kinsel, Timothy Quinn, William J. Ehinger i Robert Bilby. "Coho Salmon and Habitat Response to Restoration in a Small Stream". Transactions of the American Fisheries Society 148, nr 5 (wrzesień 2019): 1024–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/tafs.10196.
Pełny tekst źródła
44
Scrimgeour, G., N. Jones i W. M. Tonn. "BENTHIC MACROINVERTEBRATE RESPONSE TO HABITAT RESTORATION IN A CONSTRUCTED ARCTIC STREAM". River Research and Applications 29, nr 3 (15.11.2011): 352–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/rra.1602.
Pełny tekst źródła
45
Têtu, Catherine, Sean Mitchell, Charles MacInnis i Barry R. Taylor. "Restoration of a Nova Scotia stream to enhance Atlantic salmon provides few benefits to benthic invertebrates". Proceedings of the Nova Scotian Institute of Science (NSIS) 48, nr 2 (7.05.2016): 211. http://dx.doi.org/10.15273/pnsis.v48i2.6656.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Stream restoration is often undertaken with the goal of improving habitat for one focal species, most often a salmonid fish such as trout or salmon. Improvements in channel structure, especially the flushing of silt from sediments, should also benefit benthic invertebrate communities, but studies to date suggest substantial changes in benthic communities following restoration are not common. In a third-order Nova Scotia stream, we examined the effect of successful restoration to improve habitat for spawning Atlantic salmon on benthic invertebrate communities at sites where clogging of the bottom cobble with fine silt had been alleviated. In a long-term comparison of two restored sites and two degraded sites, only six of 24 insect taxa showed increased population density five or seven years after restoration. In a second comparison of a comparatively undisturbed site against a newly restored site and a site restored eight years earlier, only three invertebrate taxa appeared to respond positively and consistently to restoration. In both studies there were no substantial changes in total invertebrate density, taxa richness, Simpson’s diversity index or other community metrics over five years, except for a decline in the EPT/Chironomids ratio in the second study. Ordination of sites by correspondence analysis showed that, in both studies, benthic communities at unrestored control sites and restored sites were clearly different and did not become more similar through time. A long-term restructuring of the benthic community in the entire brook is suggested by the appearance of silt-intolerant shredders (Lepidostoma, Leuctra) among the most abundant members of the benthos in the second study, replacing silt-tolerant collectors (Tricorythodes, Optioservus) that dominated the earlier study. Habitat factors unaffected by in-stream restoration (frequent high discharge, lack of woody debris) limit benthic communities more than substratum quality.
46
Muotka, Timo, Riku Paavola, Antti Haapala, Milan Novikmec i Pekka Laasonen. "Long-term recovery of stream habitat structure and benthic invertebrate communities from in-stream restoration". Biological Conservation 105, nr 2 (czerwiec 2002): 243–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0006-3207(01)00202-6.
Pełny tekst źródła
47
Miller, Scott W., Phaedra Budy i John C. Schmidt. "Quantifying Macroinvertebrate Responses to In-Stream Habitat Restoration: Applications of Meta-Analysis to River Restoration". Restoration Ecology 18, nr 1 (styczeń 2010): 8–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1526-100x.2009.00605.x.
Pełny tekst źródła
48
Scherer, Avery E., i Nicholas Santangelo. "Assessment of reproductive requirements in habitat conservation efforts: a case study on blackside dace (Chrosomus cumberlandensis), a federally listed threatened species". Canadian Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 71, nr 3 (marzec 2014): 408–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjfas-2013-0404.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Species conservation efforts often fail to consider specific-species reproductive requirements. This omission is understandable given that collection of such data must focus on individual taxa and is potentially disruptive. However, spawning requirements remain a vital component in long-term conservation efforts. Using blackside dace (Chrosomus cumberlandensis), a federally listed threatened species, we demonstrate how reproductive habitat can be unobtrusively quantified to improve restoration efforts. Reproductive habitat characteristics are unquantified for blackside dace. However, these fish spawn in certain areas, suggesting they have specific reproductive microhabitat requirements. The physical habitat of nests and surrounding areas was characterized by assessing depth, stream flow, and physical structure, which were correlated with nest activity. Flow and depth were the most influential factors in determining nest location and nest activity, respectively, and nest activity was positively correlated with substrate size. These data are a critical component for ongoing habitat restoration and captive breeding efforts for this species, providing the foundation for recreating essential reproductive habitat. Our study emphasizes the importance of understanding a species’ reproductive habitat requirements and ecology to aid habitat restoration efforts for threatened species.
49
Choi, Byungwoong, Hyeongsik Kang i Woong Lee. "Baseflow Contribution to Streamflow and Aquatic Habitats Using Physical Habitat Simulations". Water 10, nr 10 (21.09.2018): 1304. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/w10101304.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
A scientific understanding of the baseflow contribution to streams and watershed processes is critical when dealing with water policy and management issues. However, most previous studies involving physical habitat simulation have been performed without considering the seepage of water from the underground into streams. Motivated by this, herein, we report an investigation of the impact of baseflow using physical habitat simulations for both dominant fish and benthic macroinvertebrate. The study area was located along the reach of the Ungcheon Stream, located 16.50 km downstream and 11.75 km upstream from the Boryeong Dam in the Republic of Korea. For the physical habitat simulation, Zacco platypus and Baetis fuscatus were selected as the target fish and benthic macroinvertebrate, respectively. The HydroGeoSphere (HGS) model (Aquanty Inc., Waterloo, ON, Canada) and the River2D model (Version 0.95a, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, Canada) were used for hydrologic and hydraulic simulations, respectively. The Habitat Suitability Index (HSI) model was used for the habitat simulations. Three habitat variables, flow depth, velocity, and substrate, were used. To assess the impact of baseflow, this study performed a physical habitat simulation using each representative discharge, with and without considering baseflow. It was found that the baseflow effects significantly increase the habitat suitability in the study reach. To restore the aquatic habitat, a scenario for modifying dam operations through natural flow patterns is presented using the Building Block Approach (BBA). In the study, the adjusted minimum flow allocation concept was used. It was revealed that the modified dam operations significantly increased the Weighted Usable Area (WUA) by about 48% for both target species. The results indicate that modifying the dam operations through restoration to natural flow regimes but also through inclusion of the baseflow are advantageous to aquatic fish habitats.
50
Novotny, V., D. Clark, R. J. Griffin i D. Booth. "Risk based urban watershed management under conflicting objectives". Water Science and Technology 43, nr 5 (1.03.2001): 69–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2001.0253.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Ecological impairment and flooding caused by urbanization can be expressed numerically by calculating the risks throughout the watershed (floodplain) and along the main stems of the streams. The risks can be evaluated in terms of the present and/or future. This article describes the methodologies for ascertaining the risks in the Geographical Information Systems (GIS) environment. The objectives of urban flood controls and ecological preservation/restoration of urban waters are often conflicting and, in the past, the sole emphasis on flood control led to destruction of habitat and deterioration of water quality. An optimal solution to these two problems may be achieved by linking the risks to the concepts of risk communication, risk perception, and public willingness to pay for projects leading to ecological restoration and ecologically sustainable flood control. This method is appropriate because, in each case, public funds are used and the projects require approval and backing of policy makers and stakeholders. This article briefly describes a research project that attempts to resolve the conflict between the flood protection and stream ecological preservation and restoration and suggests alternative ways of expressing benefits of urban stream flood control and restoration projects.