Rozprawy doktorskie: „Stereotypes”

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Kim, Kwangok. "Developing a stereotype index of gender role stereotypes in television advertising /". Available to subscribers only, 2005. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1068248591&sid=25&Fmt=2&clientId=1509&RQT=309&VName=PQD.

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Nussbaum, Arthur David. "Confronting stereotype threat : the motivation to disprove and avoid confirming stereotypes /". May be available electronically:, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/login?COPT=REJTPTU1MTUmSU5UPTAmVkVSPTI=&clientId=12498.

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Hall, Leslie. "Facebook and Stereotypes: How Facebook Users Process Stereotype-Consistent and Stereotype-Inconsistent Information with Varying Cognitive Loads". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2013. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/cmc_theses/668.

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This study builds on previous research analyzing the effects of cognitive busyness on recall of stereotype-consistent and stereotype-inconsistent information by examining the real-world context of Facebook profiles. College students (N = 160) were randomly assigned to either a cognitively busy or unbusy condition. They then looked at either the profile of an African-American male or female target. After, they were given a recall test to assess the number of stereotype-consistent and stereotype-inconsistent descriptors correctly recalled. Results were expected to show that participants recalled more stereotype-consistent information when cognitively busy, even more so for male targets. Conversely, participants were expected to recall more stereotype-inconsistent information when cognitively unbusy, even more so for male targets. Neither cognitive busyness nor the interaction between cognitive busyness and target gender affected the type of information participants recalled. Both results were inconsistent with previous research. Future research should find ways to strengthen the construct validity of measures as they operate in real-world contexts such as Facebook.

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Keller, Kyle Tinnell. "THE ROLE OF PERSONAL IDENTITY IN STEREOTYPE THREAT SPORTS STEREOTYPES AND VIRTUAL WORLDS". Thesis, The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/192500.

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Bonnet, Claire. "FEMME: extinct stereotypes". Thesis, Konstfack, Grafisk design & illustration, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:konstfack:diva-6950.

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My research is about stereotypes of women. Responding to scepticism towardsfeminist movements, my degree project aims to challenge the power structure of today’s Western society. How does visual communication play a big role in creating and/or reproducing inequalities? I have created a retro-futuristic exhibition, placed in an imaginary museum. In a utopian world based in 2050, the exhibition femme: extinct stereotypes, aims to show, explain and deconstruct how women were portrayed around 2020; how society and (pop)culture were deforming humans into stereotypical women.I have created a speculative scenario through different objects and artifacts displaying the expectations and instructions on how women should or should not behave. By showcasing the past and its conventions, this retro-futuristic exhibition questions their normality and rationality.

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Crawford, Kevin Charles. "Men's stereotypes of women in management are women aware of how they are stereotyped? /". Thesis, Montana State University, 2006. http://etd.lib.montana.edu/etd/2006/crawford/CrawfordK0506.pdf.

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Thiem, Kelsey. "Gender stereotypes and academic performance : the influence of salient role models on stereotype validation". Diss., University of Iowa, 2016. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/2283.

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People commonly seek out role models when they want to achieve their goals because role models help people believe that success is possible and demonstrate how to achieve it. Because seeking out role models is a common occurrence, a great deal of research has been devoted to understanding the effects that they can have on those who look up to them. One effect that has not been previously examined is the extent to which role models can affect people’s certainty in their previous performance perceptions. Evaluative certainty is often increased for people when their performance perceptions are confirmed by the presence of a congruent stereotype: a phenomenon known as stereotype validation. Stereotype validation has been shown to effect women within stereotypically male domains. Importantly, higher evaluative certainty predicts negative downstream outcomes for these women, including lower beliefs in their math ability and reduced expectations for a future math performance. The goal of the current research was to investigate whether the salience of female role models reduces or enhances women’s evaluative certainty following stereotype validation. Four studies reveal partial support for the certainty reduction hypothesis. Stereotype-validated women are less certain of their poor performance perceptions when they are exposed to female role models.

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Denise, Gustafsschöld. "Stereotyper kring hundägare : En studie om stereotyper avseende svenska hundägare". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33408.

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Stereotyper är vanliga sätt för oss människor att förenkla och underlätta situationer vi stöter på i vår omgivning. Trots fördelarna en förenklad vardag innebär kan stereotyper även innebära negativa konsekvenser, så som diskriminering eller utanförskap. I denna studie undersöktes svenskars föreställning av typiska ägare till fem olika hundraser (labrador, pudel, pitbull, tax och chihuahua) med syfte att undersöka om stereotyper förekommer rörande svenska hundägare och om dessa stereotyper skiljer sig åt mellan hundägare och icke-hundägare. Studien genomfördes med hjälp av en enkät som publicerades på det sociala mediet Facebook. 120 personer deltog i studien, varav 27 var män och 93 var kvinnor. Deltagarna var mellan 18 och 60 år gamla, med en medelålder av 29,6 år (Sd=9,6). Deltagarna fick besvara frågor rörande hur de föreställde sig typiska hundägare till de fem raserna, samt gradera hur väl de instämde med tolv påståenden avseende acceptans för stereotyper i allmänhet. I slutet av enkäten fick deltagarna även besvara bakgrundsfrågor rörande dennes kön, ålder, utbildningsnivå, om denne hade hund eller inte, samt vilken inställning denne hade till hundar i allmänhet. Resultatet pekar på att det i mycket stor utsträckning finns gemensamma uppfattningar om hur ägare till olika hundraser ter sig när det gäller allt från frisyr till ålder. Det visade sig inte finnas någon större skillnad mellan de två grupperna när det gällde stereotypt tänkande. Avseende enkätdelen rörande acceptans för stereotyper visade sig deltagarna ha en relativt låg grad av acceptans, vilket är intressant eftersom de samtidigt uppvisade stereotypa tankesätt när de svarade på frågorna om de olika hundraserna. Studien har visat att stereotypt tänkande mest troligen förekommer kring olika hundrasers ägare, att medvetandegöra stereotypers förekomst kan vara en viktig aspekt för att minska risken för ytterligare stereotyper.
Stereotypes are common ways for human beings to simplify and facilitate situations they face in their surroundings. Despite the advantages of simplyfied living, stereotypes could lead to negative consequences, such as discrimination or exclusion. This study investigated Swedes ideas regarding typical owners of five different dog breeds (labrador, poodle, pitbull, dachshund and chihuahua). The aim of the study was to examine whether stereotypes exist regarding swedish dog owners, and if these stereotypes differ between dog owners and non dog owners. The study was performed using a questionnaire which was posted om Facebook. 120 persons participated, 27 men and 93 women. The participants were between 18 and 60 years old (mean=29,6 Sd=9,6). Each participant was asked to answer several questions regarding their idea of typical dog owners of the five breeds, and then grade how well they agreed to twelve statements regarding acceptance of stereotypes in general. At the end of the questionnaire, the participant answered background questions such as age, gender, level of education, if they themselves were dog owners and their attitude towards dogs in general. The results show that stereotypes exist in great extent regarding the appearance of owners to different breeds. There was not much difference between the two groups when it came to stereotypical thinking. Regarding acceptance for stereotypes in general this study showed that the participants show a low degree of acceptance, which is interesting because they at the same time showed stereotypical thinking when they answered the questions about the different breeds. This study has shown that stereotypical thinking most likely occurs regarding owners of certain breeds. To sensitize stereotypes occurrence may be an important aspect to reduce the risk of further stereotypes.

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Debeljak, Anne F. "Confronting Stereotypes: Integrating the Social Issue of Stereotypes Within the Art Curriculum". Ohio : Ohio University, 2009. http://www.ohiolink.edu/etd/view.cgi?ohiou1244121211.

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Staron, Miroslaw. "Customizing UML with Stereotypes". Licentiate thesis, Karlskrona : Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-00238.

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The Unified Modeling Language (UML) is a visual modeling language for documenting and specifying software. It is gaining popularity as a language for a variety of purposes. It was designed as a result of a unifying activity in the last decade. Since this general purpose language cannot suit all possible needs, it has built-in mechanisms for providing extensibility for specific purposes. One such mechanism is the notion of stereotype, which is a means of branding the existing model element with a new semantics. Such extended elements can then act as new model elements as if they were standard model elements. This notion is only one of the possible ways of customizations of the language. The other, more powerful technique is metamodeling, which enables to change UML by directly changing its specification. The thesis investigates the notion of stereotype in UML both from theoretical and practical perspectives. It examines the notion of stereotype as it originally appeared in object-oriented software development as a means of branding objects according to their secondary classification in the system. The initial intent behind stereotypes is compared with the view of stereotypes in UML and similar languages, which later on provides a basis for an understanding of a stereotype in the thesis. The thesis elaborates on a classification of stereotypes from the perspective of their usage. The classification categorizes different usages of stereotypes in different situations. Based on the classification, one such usage is evaluated in an empirical way. The evaluation is done in the form of an experiment on how the stereotypes influence the understanding of UML models. An example of a customization of UML for a conceptual database model is presented. It is a basis for a study on the expressiveness of stereotypes in the context of persistency modeling in objectoriented software. Two ways of the introduction of the stereotypes into the software development process (dependent and independent of UML tools) are outlined.The thesis contains also a presentation of how the knowledge expressed as ontology can be imported into domain models expressed in UML. This research can be seen as a further study on the customization of UML towards usage of ontology-based knowledge.

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Staroń, Mirosław. "Customizing UML with stereotypes /". Ronneby : Department of Software Engineering and Computer Science, Blekinge Institute of Technology, 2003. http://www.bth.se/fou/forskinfo.nsf/01f1d3898cbbd490c12568160037fb62/2414b1966f07f876c1256e2a002cba53!OpenDocument.

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Boyle, Suzanne. "Men's and Women's Meta-Stereotypes and Out-Group Stereotypes in Relation to Sexism". Thesis, Boston College, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/2345/423.

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Thesis advisor: Timothy A. Duket
Abstract The primary goal of this research was to examine men's and women's meta-stereotypes, the stereotypes that group members expect out-group members to hold about their own group, and out-group stereotypes, the stereotypes that group members hold about the opposite gender. It was predicted that the magnitude of these stereotypes would be greater among individuals with higher sexism scores than among individuals with lower sexism scores. Results of this study indicate the existence of meta-stereotypes and out-group stereotypes held by men and women, along with specifying the adjectives that comprise these views. At the same time, only weak correlations were found between levels of sexism and magnitudes of meta-stereotypes and out-group stereotypes
Thesis (BA) — Boston College, 2003
Submitted to: Boston College. College of Arts and Sciences
Discipline: Psychology
Discipline: College Honors Program

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Gabor, Elena. "The stereotype caravan: Assessment of stereotypes and ideology levels used to portray Gypsies in two European feature films". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/34160.

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The dominant ideology in Eastern Europe has kept and still keeps Roma people at the lowest level of society through a long list of negative stereotypes and active discrimination. Up to the end of the twentieth century, cinematography tended to portray Gypsies as an exotic element in romantic settings, avoiding social and political issues like poverty, discrimination and marginalization. The fall of communism marked a change, as more films dared to speak against the dominant ideology. This thesis examines the socio-cultural stereotypes used to portray the Gypsies and the levels of ideology present in two movies: Gadjo Dilo (Tony Gatlif, 1997, France) and Time of the Gypsies (Emir Kusturica, 1989, Yugoslavia).
Master of Arts

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Blake, Dale. "Inuit autobiography, challenging the stereotypes". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59938.pdf.

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Blake, Dale. "Inuit autobiography challenging the stereotypes /". Ottawa : Library and Archives Canada, 2002. http://www.nlc-bnc.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp02/NQ59938.pdf.

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Lindburg, Emily R. "Feminist Stereotypes: Communal vs. Agentic". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2014. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/398.

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This study examined relationships between facial appearance, gender-linked traits, and feminist stereotypes. Naïve college students rated traits based on facial appearance of female CEO's whose companies appeared in the Forbes 1000 list. The photos of each female CEO (n=35) were randomly combined with two descriptive identifiers; an occupation (n=9) and an interest area (n=9), including 'feminist'. Participants then rated the head shots of the CEO's on a 7 point Likert scale of communal (expected feminine) traits like attractiveness, warmth, compassion and cooperativeness, and on agentic (expected masculine) traits like ambition, leadership ability and intelligence. If college students hold negative stereotypes of feminists, feminist identified women are expected to be rated lower on levels of attractiveness, warmth, compassion and cooperativeness, but higher in leadership ability, ambition, and intelligence. Results demonstrated that participants did not hold negative stereotypes of feminists as they rated them similarly to environmentalists, progressives, and liberals. Results demonstrated that participants held negative stereotypes about conservatives and republicans.

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Dewberry, Christopher. "Categorization stereotypes and social judgement". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.397442.

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De, Klerk Vivian A., i B. Bosch. "Nicknames as sex-role stereotypes". Sex Roles, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/10962/d1011586.

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Nicknames are powerful indicators of attitudes towards gender categories and because of their transient and optional nature, it has been argued that they are more likely to show a closer relationship to ongoing trends in the culture and society than other more fixed parts of the language E. B. Phillips (1990) ["Nicknames and Sex Role Stereotypes," Sex Roles, Vol. 23, pp. 281-289]. This study reports on a survey of nickname usage among a group of South African adolescents from mixed socioeconomic backgrounds (approximately 25% other than white) in an attempt to explicate gender-linked trends in frequency of occurrence, usage and attitudes to such special names. It reveals that conventions regarding nickname coinage and usage are intimately connected to the gender of bearers and users, and that more males have nicknames and coin them than females; it also shows significant sex-linked differences in the linguistic sources and users of nicknames, and reveals a greater tendency for female nicknames to function as indicators of affection rather than for humorous or critical effect. It could be argued that these trends could be linked to the nurturing and nurtured role of females in society, and to the differences in social power generally between males and females.

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Wai, Patrick. "A Critical Analysis of Stereotypes". Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2021. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1625879892352223.

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Rivera, Gustavo. "Television Viewing and Latino Stereotypes". Scholarly Commons, 2021. https://scholarlycommons.pacific.edu/uop_etds/3756.

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Over the course of a modern lifetime, television viewing accounts for a significant amount of information taken in by viewers. Within that consumption lies a potential problem. Viewers may learn erroneous messages about people and the world. Since television has characterized Latinos in ways that have emphasized cultural stereotypes, viewers may learn to perceive them in a corresponding manner. A questionnaire was administered to a sample of 403 students from five universities and two community colleges located in Northern California. The respondents completed a seventy-one item questionnaire. Five key variables were utilized to measure relationships between them. The key variables included: learning about Latinos from television, positive perceptions of Latinos, negative Latino stereotypes, willingness to communicate with Latinos, and self-esteem. Frequency, correlation, and regression analyses indicated that there was significant interplay between the key variables. The results revealed an association between learning about Latinos from television and negative Latino stereotypes. Similarly, lower willingness to communicate with Latinos was associated with negative Latino stereotypes. However, higher willingness to communicate with Latinos was associated with positive perceptions of Latinos. Likewise, willingness to communicate with Latinos was positively associated with self-esteem. A multiple regression analysis indicated that learning about Latinos from television and lower willingness to communicate with Latinos were predictors of negative Latino stereotypes. Conversely, a second regression analysis indicated that higher willingness to communicate with Latinos and positive interaction with Latinos were predictors of positive perceptions of Latinos.

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Wilkinson, Lisa. "Gender Stereotypes of Citizenship Performance". [Tampa, Fla. : s.n.], 2003. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000098.

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Castellaro, Giovanna <1983&gt. "Learning italian through gender stereotypes". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/3108.

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La società è costruita da reti di comunicazioni linguistiche che permettono scambio culturale tra i suoi componenti. Attraverso questo lavoro di ricerca, si è voluta indagare la possibilità di pratiche didattiche relative all’insegnamento della cultura italiana, proponendo un percorso linguistico-interculturale teso ad avvicinare apprendenti L2 alla società italiana in maniera più autentica possibile. Si è valutata la necessità di affrontare il tema dello stereotipo: È inevitabile ricorrere a generalizzazioni quando si parla della cultura di un popolo? Per rispondere a questo quesito, si è tracciato un percorso di alcune teorie e sperimentazioni significative della seconda metà del Novecento per meglio comprendere il fenomeno della creazione di clichè e dell’attribuzione dell’identità a sé e all’”altro da sé”. Si è considerato sia quel tipo di stereotipo presente negli occhi dello straniero rivolti ad una cultura che conosce poco e per sentito dire, sia quello che invece attraversa tutte le culture e società. Gli stereotipi che ho preso in considerazione ruotano attorno alla classificazione di genere: “donna”, “uomo”, “famiglia”, concetti base di qualsiasi società, che al contempo caratterizzano ogni società in maniera peculiare. Il lavoro da svolgere in classe si articola pertanto non solo su stereotipi riferiti alla cultura italiana, ma anche sulla decostruzione dello stereotipo in sé. Nel contesto della classe composta da apprendenti L2 di varia provenienza, viene chiesta agli studenti anche una riflessione sulla propria cultura nonchè un confronto con le culture degli altri. Nella proposta didattica, si è cercato di mantenere fede a due linee principali: come evitare la banalizzazione, selezionando materiali idonei, e come aggirare il pericolo della lezione frontale, dando la possibilità agli studenti di interagire con i materiali. Come sfondo teorico si è scelto l’approccio comunicativo, dando più ampio spazio possibile a dialogo, confronto e libera espressione, oltre all’approccio interculturale, per rendere consapevoli gli studenti che il concetto di stereotipo è trasversale alle culture.

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Aktan, Timucin. "Compensatory Nature Of Mixed Stereotypes: An Investigation Of Underlying Mechanisms In The Framework Of Stereotype Content Model". Phd thesis, METU, 2012. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12614349/index.pdf.

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The present dissertation aims to investigate cognitive and motivational underpinnings of stereotype contents in differing contexts. This dissertation consisted of two related sections. In the first section, comparison was suggested as the cognitive process underlying the implicit competence and warmth attributions toward businesswomen and homemakers. Four studies using Go/No Go Association Task were conducted to investigate the comparison process. Findings of the studies indicated that comparison has a significant impact on implicit mixed stereotypes. Implicit mixed stereotypes were not observed when target groups and attributes were presented in non-comparative context (Study 1). However, implicit stereotype contents were obvious in comparative context (Study 2). Finally, implicit stereotype contents of homemakers and businesswomen were shaped in accordance to the part of the context that was comparative (i.e. group comparison in Study 3 and attribute comparison in Study4). In the second section of the dissertation, comparison process was related to individuals&rsquo
compensation tendency. Two studies were conducted to examine the compensation tendency in the framework of System Justification Theory. In the first study (Study 5), presentation order of the target groups was manipulated. By this way, participants were not aware of the second group. Findings indicated that participants tended to compensate their first ratings toward homemakers and businesswomen. Furthermore, ambivalent sexism moderated the compensation tendency. In the second study (Study 6), both groups were presented together. Neither order of presentation nor its interactions were significant. Findings of the studies were discussed in the light of relevant literature.

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Stein, Renee. "Negative age stereotypes and older adults' memory performance : an examination of age stereotype activation and underlying mechanisms". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/29329.

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Young, Kelcei. "And the Stereotype Award Goes to...: A Comparative Analysis of Directors using African American Stereotypes in Film". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2019. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc1609173/.

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This study examines African American stereotypes in film. I studied six directors, Kathryn Bigelow, Spike Lee, the Russo Brothers, Ryan Coogler, Tate Taylor, and Dee Rees; and six films Detroit, BlacKkKlansman, Captain America: The Winter Soldier, The Help, and Mudbound. Using the framework of critical race theory and auteur theory, I compared the common themes between the films and directors. The main purpose of my study is to see if White or Black directors predominantly used African American stereotypes. I found that both races of directors rely on stereotypes for different purposes. With Black directors, the stereotype was explained further through character development, while the White directors used the stereotype at face value with no further explanation.

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Allen, Ben. "Threatening the Heart and Mind of Gender Stereotypes: Can Imagined Contact Influence the Physiology of Stereotype Threat?" Diss., Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27746.

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Research shows that when a gender stereotype is made salient and the target of the stereotype is asked to perform in the stereotyped domain, targets of the stereotype often perform at a lower level compared to situations when the stereotype was not made salient (Spencer, Steele, & Quinn, 1999). Current models of stereotype threat show that increased physiological arousal and reduced working memory capacity partially explain this decrement in performance (Ben-Zeev, Fein, & Inzlicht, 2005; Schmader, Johns, & Forbes, 2008). Furthermore, the noticeable absence of female faculty and students in math and science departments at coed universities throughout the United States may increase the belief in gender stereotypes and discourage women from pursuing careers in these fields (Dasgupta & Asgari, 2004). Contact with counter-stereotypical exemplars, such as female science experts, decreases belief in gender stereotypes and increases womenâ s motivation to pursue careers in science (Stout, Dasgupta, Hunsinger, & McManus, 2011). Thus, the present study examined whether imagining an interpersonal interaction with a counter-stereotypic exemplar removes the physiological and performance effects of stereotype threat. However, the stereotype threat manipulation failed to elicit a strong stereotype threat effect on performance or physiology. Only reaction time and high frequency heart rate variability were sensitive to the stereotype threat induction. The imagination manipulation significantly attenuated the physiological effects of stereotype threat, whereas the reaction time effects were only marginally significant. Limitations and future directions for stereotype threat and imagined contact are discussed.
Ph. D.

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Gustafsson, Miriam, i Johanna Pernklev. "Mannen, myten... Stereotypen? : En kvalitativ innehållsanalys av hur manliga stereotyper konstrueras i tidningen Cafés reklamannonser". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskaper, SV, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-20367.

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The discussion about gender and ideals shown in mass media is a subject of great importance for the society in general. Media is playing an essential part when it comes to establish standards and values and we are constantly exposed to all types of impressions, whether we are aware or not. It is therefore of great importance that we understand how stereotypes are built and to gain a deep knowledge that would enrich the area of Media and Communication Studies. The aim and focus of this study was to analyze how male stereotypes is communicated in print advertising and how visual means of expressions helps to construct the masculinities shown. From a semiotic analysis of seven print adverts appearing in the Swedish lifestyle Magazine Café were we able to gain a thorough understanding about how male stereotypes are communicated and built. The result showed that different kinds of stereotypes are in fact used but it is still a hegemonic masculinity that is predominating. Traditional male characteristics are still in use but we were able to see strong indications of effemination, sexualizing and objectifying. Metro sexuality is a recurring feature in the adverts, and one of the factors that indicate that masculinity is something complex and multi layered. Our study also shows that activity is still essential when it comes to form male qualities, but the impression of the same are nowadays of more importance than the actual activity itself. Attributes and surroundings are key components, and something that implicates that the social climate is focusing on material things.

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Araya, Tadesse. "Stereotypes: Suppression, Forgetting, and False Memory". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala University, Department of Psychology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-3340.

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This thesis presents four studies investigating (1) whether incidentally primed control-related words can attenuate the impact of activated stereotypes on subsequent evaluation of a target person, (2) the impact of motivated forgetting on the recall of stereotypically congruent and incongruent information, and (3) the impact of a directed forgetting instruction on the false recall and recognition of nonpresented stereotypical information.

In three experiments, Study I showed that participants initially primed with the social category, immigrant, and subsequently primed with words that were evocative of control or self-control made less negative impression of a target displaying ambiguous behaviors than participants not exposed to such words.

Study II, using a directed-forgetting paradigm, demonstrated in two experiments that participants subliminally primed with Swedish facial photographs who later studied stereotypically incongruent words roughly recalled an equal number of items regardless of the forget or remember instructions.

Study III showed that participants primed with the social category, immigrant and then studied a list of stereotypically related and unrelated words falsely recognized more nonpresented stereotypical words when they were furnished with a forget than a remember instruction. Similarly, Study IV (Experiment 2) demonstrated that participants primed with the social category, immigrant, but not with a neutral category, falsely recalled more nonpresented stereotypical words when their cognitive capacity was depleted through a concurrent memory load task.

The thesis presents a review and a discussion of some of the theoretical underpinnings of the extant literature on stereotyping and intergroup relations and of the social implications of the present findings.

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Davis, Natalie. "Stereotypes associated with accented Australian speech /". Title page, contents and abstract only, 1991. http://web4.library.adelaide.edu.au/theses/09SPS/09spsd262.pdf.

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Mathews, Adrienne. "GENDER STEREOTYPES AND THE GOVERNOR'S MANSION". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2006. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/3151.

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This study analyzes the effects of gender stereotypes on women gubernatorial candidates in the post "Year of the Woman" era to determine whether or not the electoral gains made by women running for legislative office in 1992 also extended to women contesting executive elections in subsequent years. This study proceeds in two parts. The first part of this study provides an empirical analysis of contextual and candidate specific factors thought to affect the way in which gender stereotypes surface during gubernatorial campaigns and how they affect women candidates accordingly. The contextual factors include state culture, party dominance, and tradition of electing women in each state. Candidate specific factors include prior campaign and or office holding experience. The second part of this study adopts a case study approach and focuses on two gubernatorial elections – New Jersey and Virginia – to provide a more detailed examination of how gender stereotypes emerge when women are candidates for governor. The findings from the empirical analysis show that women are more likely to contest gubernatorial elections that are Democratic in their partisanship and non-traditionalist in their political culture. However, these variables did not explain whether women were successful in winning gubernatorial elections. The second part of the analysis expanded on these findings by examining the dominant role gender stereotypes played in a traditionalistic state (Virginia) and the minimal role they played in a non-traditionalistic state (New Jersey). Generalizations were made based on the findings that indicate the importance of the campaign in light of contextual factors and how this affects women candidates in executive elections. Recommendations for a future research agenda regarding elections in which women are candidates for various levels of office are also discussed.
M.A.
Department of Political Science
Arts and Sciences
Political Science

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31

Hanna, Olsson. "Harry Potter and the Fat Stereotypes". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Institutionen för film och litteratur (IFL), 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-79683.

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In the field of research within film studies which consider how aspects such as gender or race affect the portrayal of a character, the aspect of characters' body sizes are not always taken into account. By analysing the fat characters in the popular children's and young adult film series about Harry Potter, I bring attention to the fact that the use of stereotypes is significant in these characterisations, and further contributes to the marginalisation of this particular group of people. I looked specifically at what the characters had in common with each other, and if they adhered to already established stereotypes concerning fat people, and found that the one thing they all share is a lack of academic or intellectual skill to varying degrees, which is in line with the common stereotypes of fat people as dumb. I further analysed the differences between the fat men and fat women in the series, and found that fat men were a far more common occurrence than fat women, and that fat girls did not even exist in these stories. This is not surprising, as the exclusion of fat women and girls is abundant in mainstream culture.

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Zyzniewski, Linda Elaine. "The Influence of Nouns on Stereotypes". W&M ScholarWorks, 1996. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539626078.

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Forbes, Chad Edward. "Lessons Learned from a Clockwork Orange: How Retraining Implicit Attitudes and Stereotypes Affects Motivation and Performance under Stereotype Threat". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/195809.

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While evidence suggests stereotype threat effects invade conscious levels of processing, less is known about the role that implicit processes play in stereotype threat. Results from four studies indicate that implicit attitudes and stereotypes play a unique role in motivation and performance in stereotype threatening contexts. Women trained to have positive implicit math attitudes exhibited increased math motivation in general (Study 1). This effect was magnified among stereotype threatened women when negative stereotypes had either been primed subtly (Study 2) or implicitly reinforced (Study 3). Implicit attitudes had no effect on working memory capacity or performance however. Conversely, after retraining women to associate their gender with being good at math, they exhibited increased working memory capacity (Studies 3 and 4) and increased math performance (Study 4) in stereotype threatening situations. The enhanced performance that resulted from the positive stereotype reinforcement was mediated by the increased working memory capacity. Thus while implicit attitudes appear important for motivating stigmatized individuals to engage with stigmatized domains, stereotypes play a key role in undermining cognitive capacity that is critical for success in the domain.

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Imani, Armin. "Ethnic stereotypes and discrimination in the workplace /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2004. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe17971.pdf.

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Taranova, D. "Gender Stereotypes In Sumy Regional Television News". Thesis, Sumy State University, 2021. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/84667.

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Traditional mass media, including television, is a special form of social communication. It acts both as a mirror and a pointer, identifying and establishing the unwritten rules of society. A special place among the latter is occupied by gender stereotypes – repertoire of emotions, attitudes, behaviors, and perceptions that are commonly associated more with one sex than with the other. Content analysis of journalistic materials can give us an existing picture: which stereotypes exist now in our society.

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36

Chan, Xinni. "A Cross-Cultural Investigation of Group Stereotypes". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1372072907.

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Smith, Sharon. "Implication of Gender Stereotypes for Public Policy". VCU Scholars Compass, 2010. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/98.

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Stereotypes continue to be present and impact the assessment of women’s leadership effectiveness. Using a data set of senior executives in the public sector from The Leadership Circle multi-rater assessment tool, research supports the theory that gender influences how bosses rate their direct reports on leadership effectiveness. Survey data identifying leadership characteristics in the assessment as communal or agentic substantiate role congruence theory that women are still penalized for behaving contrary to the feminine stereotype. Role congruence theory seeks to explain the barriers that prevent women from rising into leadership positions. Representative bureaucracy explains the consequence in public policy when women are not in the senior executive positions of authority.

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38

Macrae, Colin Neil. "The effects of stereotypes on social judgements". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1990. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU027084.

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Research and theorising in the social cognition tradition typically equates stereotypes with cognitive schemata and researchers investigate the extent of schematic effects on social information processing. Within this cognitive perspective, however, the present thesis identified several unresolved issues in the existing stereotype literature. On the basis of these limitations, the present thesis addressed three main empirical issues: (1) stereotypical effects on causal attribution; (2) stereotypical effects on social memory; and (3) stereotypical effects on information processing. Chapters 4 and 5 established the effects of stereotypes on judical decision processes and provided an impetus for the subsequent experimentation. Chapters 6, 7, and 8 investigated the effects of stereotypes on causal attribution and social memory. It was established that stereotype-confirming behaviours are attributed less to external factors than are stereotype-disconfirming behaviours. Also, subjects showed a preferential recall for stereotype-confirming rather than disconfirming information. Chapter 9 investigated the effects of stereotype activation on the speed with which subjects can make a range of attributional inferences. It was demonstrated that when a consistent stereotype is activated subjects have instant access to causal information from which inferences of personal causation can be rapidly computed. Chapter 10 investigated two process models of stereotype use in judgemental tasks. While stereotypical judgemental biases were obtained, the results supported neither of the proposed process models. Consequently, the results were recast into a new theoretical framework implicating both cognitive and motivational factors as determinants of stereotypic biases on judgement and recall. Chapter 11 considered the wider implications of the findings obtained in the present thesis and two process models of stereotype use were presented. The first outlined the effects of stereotypes on judgements of personal causation, and the second the effects of stereotypes on the relationship between judgement and recall in social information processing.

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Patchill, Teresa. "The impact of ethnic identity on stereotypes". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1995. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/489.

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Meggiato, Alessandra <1987&gt. "Italians in Melbourne: migrants, communities and stereotypes". Master's Degree Thesis, Università Ca' Foscari Venezia, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10579/4690.

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This work aims to illustrate the development of the profile and perceptions of Italian migrants in Melbourne from the beginning of the 20th century to today. As a consequence of the Immigration Restriction Bill of 1901, Italians replaced the Pacific Islanders working in the cane-field industry, especially in Queensland. The Italians’ hard work and determination to settle and to find a “better life” in Australia aroused the suspicions of the Government, which started to investigate on Italians, but also saw the rise of racism and discrimination towards them. The first Australian “Little Italy” was recreated in Carlton, Melbourne, where regional clubs and supporting associations were founded. In this context, the testimonies of the Italians migrants Sir James Gobbo, Ivo Vellar and Giorgio Mangiamele are fundamental in understanding the discrimination that the Italians migrants faced in the 1950s and 1960s in Melbourne. However, in the last 20 years, thanks to the globalization, Australia has developed into a multicultural country and negative perceptions have moved to other ethnic groups such as Asians and Africans. In contrast, today the “Italian” has become a prestigious label synonymous with a high standard of culture, delicious food, design and good taste.

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Åhlander, Karolina, i Anna Jost. "Stereotyper: en omedveten kategorisering. : En jämlikhetsanalys av Intryck- Värmlands landstings personaltidning". Thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för sociala och psykologiska studier, 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-33517.

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Jämlikhet är något som ligger i tiden. Hur jämlikhetsmedvetna är egentligen dagens medier? Vi har på uppdrag av Värmlandslandsting gjort en jämlikhetanalys av deras personaltidning, Intryck. En tidning som når samtliga anställda inom organisationen. Vi har gjort en text- och bildanalys med utgångspunkt från ett analysverktyg vi kallar för jämlikhetstrappan. Vårt syfte har varit att urskilja stereotyper och om tidningen använder sig av sitt befintliga underlag för att göra tidningen så jämlik som möjligt. Vi använder oss av dagordningsteorin för att belysa på vilket sätt media och stereotyper kan påverka samhällets tankar och normer. Det olika stereotyper vi innefattar i jämlikhetsanalysen är genus, klass och mångfald. I mångfald innefattar vi ålder, etniciteter och personer med funktionshinder. Resultatet vi har urskilt är att tidningen vid en första anblick ger en bild av att vara jämlik. De lyfter upp jämlikhet vilket utifrån dagordningsteorin bidrar till att de skapas en opinion om ämnet. Vid en djupare analys kan vi se att tidningen använder sig av stereotyper, då särskilt när det handlar om genus och klass. Vi har genom analysen kunnat konstatera att det sättet tidningen använder sig av stereotyper både bidrar till att upprätthålla dem och förstärka dem men också i vissa fall till att försvaga dem. Dock är det svårt att bryta stereotyper då försöket att bryta en stereotyp snarare kan leda till att det blir undantaget som bekräftar stereotypen.
With equality constantly present on the agenda today, how equality conscious is today’s media? At the request of Värmland County Council we have made an equality-analysis of their staff paper, Intryck, which reaches all employees within the organization. On the basis of our analysis method we call the equality-stairs, we have analyzed text and images with the purpose to identify stereotypes and to see if existing data is used to make the paper as equal as possible. We use the theory of agenda setting to illustrate how the media and stereotypes can affect society's thoughts and norms. The various stereotypes we include in the analysis are gender, class and diversity. In diversity, we include age, ethnicities and people with disabilities. The result we have discerned is that the paper at first glance gives an image of being equal. They highlight the topic of equality and based on the theory of agenda setting we could see that they contribute to the creation of a public opinion on the subject. But with further analysis we could see that the magazine uses stereotypes when doing so, especially when it comes to gender and class. Through our analysis we came to the conclusion that the way stereotypes are used, the paper contributes to maintain and strengthen them but in some cases also challenge them. But it seems like the attempt to break stereotypes can sometimes become the exception that confirms the rule.

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42

Sturdivant, Manasia. "Fulfilling Positive Stereotypical Expectations, Performance Boosts or Performance Decrements?" Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/83597.

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There is plenty of research on effects of negative stereotypes on performance, but less is known about effects of positive stereotypes. Research examining effects of positive stereotypes on performance has found mixed, often competing, results; positive stereotypes have been shown to lead to performance decrements, performance boosts, both boosts and decrements, or neither. One goal of the current study was to examine how domain identification, mode of stereotype activation, group membership of social referents, and valence of performance feedback (i.e. threat salience antecedents) influence whether positive stereotypes harm or benefit performance. I asserted that different combinations of the aforementioned variables would result in differential levels of threat salience, which I define as feelings of stress or pressure that arise from a dynamic interplay between performance motivation, anxiety and self-efficacy. Furthermore, as threat salience increased performance boosts from the positively stereotyped identity were expected to decrease and eventually lead to performance decrements. I also aimed to pinpoint the exact condition, or level of threat salience, that would lead to the switch from performance boosts to performance decrements (i.e. a tipping point). The threat salience antecedents of social referent’s group membership and feedback valence were combined to create a 2 (male/negative feedback vs female/positive feedback) X 2 (implicit activation vs explicit activation) design with a measured causal antecedent (domain identification). Participants took part in a laboratory study utilizing the positive stereotype that females are better than males at verbal ability tasks. Before arriving to the lab, participants were required to complete measures of verbal ability domain identification. Upon arrival to the lab, participants completed one trial of verbal ability items before being exposed to one of the four combinations of threat salience antecedents; following the manipulations, participants completed a subsequent trial of verbal ability items. The results of the study did not support the hypotheses; greater threat salience was not found to lead to worse performance nor was there support for a tipping point whereby performance boosts shifted to performance decrements. Possible reasons for null findings are discussed along with implications of exploratory analyses.
Master of Science
Research on the impact of positive stereotypes on performance has often resulted in mixed conclusions, with some research finding evidence for performance boosts, some finding evidence for performance decrements, and some finding both or neither. The current study sought to demonstrate that certain variables (i.e. domain identification, mode of stereotype activation, group membership of social referents, and valence of performance feedback) impact whether positive stereotypes lead to increases or decreases in performance outcomes through presenting differential threat salience. Threat salience essentially being feelings of pressure or worry about contradicting a positive stereotype; said feelings are believed to be the result of a dynamic interplay between motivation, self-efficacy, and anxiety about performance outcomes. I hypothesized that as threat salience increased then performance would decrease, eventually causing performance boosts from positive stereotypes to switch to performance decrements. Furthermore, I aimed to identify the exact level of threat salience that resulted in a switch from performance boosts to performance decrements (i.e. a tipping point). The study results did not provide support for the hypotheses, nor was I able to identify a tipping point whereby performance switched from boosts to decrements. Implications of exploratory analyses are discussed, along with possible explanations for null findings.

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Ross, Karen. "Ethnic stereotypes and television an examination of white students' attitudes towards ethnic stereotypes and television in six midlands colleges /". Thesis, Online version, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?did=1&uin=uk.bl.ethos.292364.

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Gula, Cheryl A. "Battered women, realism, and stereotypes of battered women". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp04/mq24474.pdf.

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Main, Kelley J. "The role of meta-stereotypes in intergroup negotiations". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/tape15/PQDD_0014/MQ32177.pdf.

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Sollenborn, Mikael. "Clustering and case-based reasoning for user stereotypes /". Västerås : Mälardalen University, 2004. http://www.mrtc.mdh.se/publications/0770.pdf.

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Kantartzi, Evagelia. "Sex role stereotypes in Greek primary school textbooks". Thesis, University of Hull, 2000. http://hydra.hull.ac.uk/resources/hull:8059.

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My purpose in this research is to examine the way in which the two sexes are presented in school textbooks. The incentive for pursuing my research was my own experience of using school textbooks and the observation of everyday reality. Until the present time research in Greece regarding the image of the two sexes has been limited to the primary school reading-scheme books. With this study I intend to give a detailed picture of the beliefs about sex roles as these are presented through the whole range of school textbooks. My ambition is that my work - in combination with other similar studies - will help instructors to comprehend and point out the traditional standard beliefs about the two sexes depicted in the textbooks which are used on a daily basis in schools in Greece. This research could sensitise instructors and simultaneously help them to be aware of and recognise the stereotype beliefs in the books they use. In this way they will be able, with the appropriate interventions and discussions, to consider their validity in relation to the children they teach. The present study is presented in 14 chapters. It is divided into two parts. The first part deals with the wide theoretical-work related to socialisation and the sex roles (Chapters 1-2). The third chapter discusses the agents of sex role socialisation (the family, peer groups, media, school). The fourth chapter studies the woman's professional role. Chapter 5 includes a brief description of the Greek educational system and an examination of a girl's place within it. The sixth deals with books as a factor in the configuration of the sex role. Chapter 7 includes a review of the related studies. The second part of the thesis includes the main body of the study, the methodology (chapter 8), the analysis of the results (chapters 9-13) and finally the conclusions and suggestions (chapter 14). Chapters 9-13 have their own separate bibliographies to facilitate reference for readers interested in one particular curriculum area.

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Henwood, K. L. "The social psychology of stereotypes : a critical assessment". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1986. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.376484.

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Finnegan, Eimear. "Strategies for overcoming gender stereotypes in cognitive representations". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2014. http://sro.sussex.ac.uk/id/eprint/48914/.

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Gender stereotypes are activated spontaneously and unintentionally when certain role nouns are read. For example, people expect a builder to be male and a beautician to be female. Such gender inferences lead to processing difficulties when violations of stereotypical gender occur. The aim of this thesis was to devise strategies aimed at overcoming the activation of gender stereotype biases in English. Across nine studies, a variety of stereotype reduction strategies were investigated in conjunction with a judgement task, devised by Oakhill, Garnham and Reynolds (2005). This judgement task asked participants to decide, without deliberation, whether two terms presented onscreen could refer to one person. In the absence of a stereotype-reduction training, participants consistently showed evidence of succumbing to stereotype biases on stereotype incongruent pairings (e.g. Builder/ Mother) compared to stereotype congruent pairings (e.g. Builder/ Father). However, accuracy and response time performance to these incongruent pairings were found to significantly improve from pre-training levels to post-training levels through the use of stereotype reduction strategies such as providing participants with performance-related feedback (Experiment 1, Experiment 3), social consensus feedback (Experiment 4), combined social and accuracy feedback (Experiment 6) and counter-stereotype pictures (Experiment 8). A number of individual difference measures were also administered with the behavioural tasks. These explored whether individual differences in levels of ambivalent sexism, attitudes towards sexist language, sex role perception, and, among others, sexist pronoun use could moderate performance on the judgement task. The results from these additional tasks are described in Chapter 5. This thesis provides further evidence for the malleability of stereotype biases and delineates specific strategies through which stereotype biases can be overcome, to ultimately result in lower levels of stereotype endorsement.

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Zubieta, Elena, Fernanda Sosa i Alejandro Torres. "Ambivalent sexism, stereotypes and values in military population". Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2012. http://repositorio.pucp.edu.pe/index/handle/123456789/99953.

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The increasing presence of women in the public sphere has provoked cultural changes that affect social cognition. These changes implicate social organizations such as the Military. Focusing the interest in approaching modern forms of prejudice in terms of gender inequalities, we studied ambivalent sexism attitudes, values and social dominance orientation in a sample of 238 males and females from the National Military School training to become officials. Results show the presence of sexist attitudes. In sex roles and gender typing, female participants show an androgynous stereotype probably related to the need to present themselves closer to men in order to assume leadership.
El incremento de la presencia femenina en la esfera pública ha provocado cambios culturales que repercuten en la cognición social en términos de expectativas en función del género. Estos cambios interpelan a las organizaciones sociales entre las que se encuentran las Fuerzas Armadas. Desde las formas modernas del prejuicio, se desarrolló un estudio orientado a indagar actitudes de sexismo ambivalente, valores y dominancia social en un grupo de 238 cadetes de ambos sexos del Colegio Militar de la Nación. Los resultados muestran la presencia de actitudes sexistas. En roles sexuales y tipicidad de género las participantes mujeres muestran un estereotipo andrógino, asociado probablemente a la necesidad de presentarse de manera contra estereotípica para funcionar como líderes.

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