Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Statues – Scotland

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Statues – Scotland”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 28 lipca 2024

Data aktualizacji: 30 lipca 2024

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Statues – Scotland"

Ryrie, Alec. "John Knox’s International Network". Studies in Church History. Subsidia 14 (2012): 96–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0143045900003872.

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In the early twentieth century, the city of Geneva added to its existing tourist attractions with one of the most peculiar items of civic commemoration in Europe. The Reformation Wall is a queasy monument to Geneva’s glorious past, in which the tensions and prejudices of a very particular view of the sixteenth century are frozen into stone. As one moves towards the centre of the monument, one draws closer to the Genevan fount of Reformed Christian truth. Luther and Zwingli are commemorated, tersely, at the wall’s outermost extremes. Further in, a series of friezes celebrate the deeds of Reformed Protestants in France, the Netherlands, Scotland and England. The monument’s centre, however, is the set of four larger-than-life statues, fixing the viewer with their stern gazes. Three of the figures are obvious. John Calvin himself, of course, stands to the fore. The wall is at heart a memorial to him, to the man who wished to be buried in an unmarked grave, and it was begun on the quatercentenary of his birth. He is joined by Guillaume Farel, the Frenchman who first established the Reformed Church in Geneva and persuaded Calvin to join him in his ministry there; and by Theodore de Béze, Calvin’s successor, biographer and systematizer.

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Chernysheva, Maria A. "Western Prototypes of Ivan Krylov Iconography". Vestnik of Saint Petersburg University. Arts 12, nr 1 (2022): 180–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.21638/spbu15.2022.109.

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The article focuses on selected examples of the 19th century iconography of Ivan Krylov. Depictions of the poet are considered within the representational tradition that originated in the age of Enlightenment and reflected the transformation of writers into public figures and celebrities. This tradition highlighted the growing social influence of writers, as well as the growing power of society, which, regardless of the will of monarchs and state institutions, dictated literary reputations and chose idols for itself. Western prototypes most significant to Krylov’s iconography were the sculptural and pictorial representations of Voltaire acquired by Catherine II, and statues of Walter Scott installed in Scotland shortly after the novelist’s death. The article argues that Nicholas I paid special attention to these latest Scottish monuments when choosing among different concepts for the first monument to Krylov. The portrayals of famous writers evolved in the context of ideas of “great man” and “national poet”. The article examines the semantic variations with which the term “national poet” was used in Russia under Nicholas I. Representations of Krylov are analyzed not only as evidence of his personal literary reputation and public success, but also as markers of social influence that writers as a community were gaining at the time. In Russia, this process was, paradoxically, under the close and effective control of the state and of the tsar personally.

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Guite, Candace. "He Who Pays the Piper: Shifting Scottish Legal Landscapes". Legal Information Management 13, nr 3 (wrzesień 2013): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1472669613000376.

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AbstractIf Scotland votes ‘Yes’ to the question ‘Should Scotland be an independent country?’ how will its relationship change with the remainder of the UK? A ‘yes’ vote will have huge financial, political and legal implications. This article, written by Candace Guite, considers the current role of the UK Supreme Court in Scotland, the recent conflict (to which the title alludes) and it reflects on Scotland's potential international status. The UK Government has argued that it would be regarded as the continuator state and an independent Scotland would be a successor state, and so, in the event of a ‘yes’ vote Scotland would have to re-apply for entry to the European Union and the United Nations. However, there are arguments to support the alternative option, that Scotland could be regarded as a co-equal successor state with England, and thus would retain EU and UN membership.

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Bort, Eberhard. "The Annals of the Parish: Referendum Year 2014". Scottish Affairs 24, nr 1 (luty 2015): 1–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2015.0051.

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The decisive No vote in the Scottish independence referendum on 18 September 2014 was not a vote for the constitutional status quo, although it confirmed that Scotland would remain part of the United Kingdom. The referendum outcome is likely to have far-reaching consequences for the power relations between London and Edinburgh and, perhaps more than expected, for the constitutional future of the entire UK. A tight timetable for the delivery of extra powers for the Scottish Parliament is in place, and the ‘elephant in the room’, the constitutional status and governance of England, is now firmly on the agenda. There is also pressure for decentralisation in Scotland itself. And the huge ‘democratic awakening’ which characterised this ‘national conversation’ about Scotland's future, with massive democratic participation and a record turnout, demands that these changes will have to be brought about in a participative way – and not ‘top-down’, as a Westminster or Holyrood ‘stitch-up’.

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Bond, Ross. "Minorities and Diversity in Scotland: Evidence from the 2011 Census". Scottish Affairs 26, nr 1 (luty 2017): 23–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2017.0162.

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The relatively low proportion of people in ethnic and national minority groups in Scotland has been an obstacle for social research concerning these minorities, especially in characterising and comparing these populations using large scale data. The 2011 census offers an invaluable resource in this regard, especially at a time when minorities are growing to represent a more prominent and significant element in Scotland's population. This paper uses standard aggregate census data and data derived from a 5% sample of census returns to provide an overview and comparison of the six largest minority groups in Scotland, focusing on the origins, identities and socio-economic status of people within these groups. It not only highlights how different minorities contrast with each other and the majority population, but also illuminates the diversity that exists within these groups.

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Holligan, Christopher, i Robert McLean. "Violence as an Environmentally Warranted Norm amongst Working-Class Teenage Boys in Glasgow". Social Sciences 7, nr 10 (22.10.2018): 207. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/socsci7100207.

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This study aimed to contribute to knowledge about contexts of violent assault perpetrated by white working-class teenage boys in Scotland. Despite studies exploring Scotland’s adolescent street gangs, there remains a gap in research where the collateral damage caused by gangs to others of the same class, age, and gender has gone unrecognized. Drawing upon insights from qualitative interviews with young, male, former offenders in Scotland we found that violence contained a strategic logic designed to foster bonding to a delinquent group, whilst offering a celebrity status and manliness. The co-presence of a violent culture worsened the likelihood of ameliorating mentalities associated with anti-social behaviors, which appear endemic to masculinity. That context of violence is associated with the criminal offending of boys who, though they may not be gang members, were nevertheless ‘contaminated’ by the aggressive shadow cast by the protest masculinity of gang-conflicted territories in disadvantaged neighborhoods.

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Ahmed, Farrah, i Adam Perry. "THE QUASI-ENTRENCHMENT OF CONSTITUTIONAL STATUTES". Cambridge Law Journal 73, nr 3 (14.10.2014): 514–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0008197314000841.

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AbstractThe British constitution is famously unentrenched: constitutional laws are not intrinsically more difficult to override than ordinary laws. However, in the largely overlooked 2012 case of H v Lord Advocate, the Supreme Court said that the Scotland Act 1998 cannot be impliedly repealed due to its “fundamental constitutional” status. Unless judicial thinking changes, courts in the future may treat constitutional statutes, like the Scotland Act, as capable only of express repeal, making such statutes “quasi-entrenched”. In this article, we argue that, as a judicial innovation, the quasi-entrenchment of constitutional statutes lacks a sound legal basis. Parliament can make its intention to repeal a constitutional statute clear without making it express, and judges cannot, on their own initiative, ignore Parliament's clear decision to repeal even a constitutional statute.

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Steven, Martin. "Review: States of Scotland". Scottish Affairs 51 (First Serie, nr 1 (maj 2005): 142–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/scot.2005.0029.

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Kehoe, S. Karly. "Unionism, Nationalism and the Scottish Catholic Periphery, 1850–1930". Britain and the World 4, nr 1 (marzec 2011): 65–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/brw.2011.0005.

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This article investigates the relationship between nationalism, unionism and Catholicism between 1850 and 1930 and proposes that ideas about the Scottish nation and national identity had a strong connection with the re-emergence and development of Catholicism. The presence of a large Irish-born and Irish-descended Catholic population meant that although there was a peripheral sensitivity to Ireland and an intellectual curiosity with Home Rule, indigenous Catholics remained deeply committed to the Scottish nation within the British state. A majority of Catholics in Scotland saw themselves as loyal British subjects, as nation builders and as the ambassadors of an imperial ideal. Understanding how Catholic identity was defined and how far this influenced, or was influenced by, the construction of a national identity is critical for achieving an understanding of the complexities of nationalism in Scotland. The parallels that exist between Catholicism's position on the periphery of Scottish society and Scotland's status within Britain is an overarching theme in this article that focuses on a period of intense national self-reflection and identity construction.

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Cipriano, Salvatore. "“Students Who Have the Irish Tongue”: The Gaidhealtachd, Education, and State Formation in Covenanted Scotland, 1638–1651". Journal of British Studies 60, nr 1 (styczeń 2021): 66–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/jbr.2020.186.

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AbstractThis article examines the Scottish Covenanters’ initiatives to revamp educational provision in the Gaidhealtachd, the Gaelic-speaking portions of Scotland, from the beginning of the Scottish Revolution in 1638 to the Cromwellian conquest of Scotland in 1651. Scholars have explored in detail the range of educational schemes pursued by central governments in the seventeenth century to “civilize” the Gaidhealtachd, but few have engaged in an analysis of Covenanting schemes and how they differed from previous endeavors. While the Statutes of Iona are probably the best-known initiative to civilize the Gaidhealtachd and extirpate the Gaelic language, Covenanter schemes both adapted such policies and further innovated in order to serve the needs of a nascent confessional state. In particular, Covenanting schemes represented a unique and pragmatic way to address the Gaidhealtachd's educational deficiencies because they sought practical accommodation of the Gaelic language and preferred the matriculation of Gaelophone scholars into the universities. These measures not only represented a new strategy for integrating the Gaelic periphery into the Scottish state but were also notable for the ways in which they incorporated Gaelophone students into Scotland's higher education orbit—a stark departure from the educational situation in Ireland. By drawing on underutilized manuscript and printed sources, this article examines how the Covenanters refurbished education in the Gaidhealtachd and posits that the Covenanter schemes represented a key facet of the broader process of state formation in 1640s Scotland.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Statues – Scotland"

McGrail, M. Justin (Michael Justin). "The language of authority : the expression of status in the Scottish medieval castle". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=20142.

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The visual appearances of twelfth and thirteenth century Scottish castles are interpreted through an iconographic and iconological analysis. in examining the symbolic possibilities evidenced in the castles's visual programs, an architectural language of authority, "castle style," is identified. The connections of this architectural language to twelfth and thirteenth century "new men" is considered through a review of historical and architectural evidence. Socio-political ambition and the representation of social stature are recognizable in "castle style."

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Low, Paula Jane. "Conservation status of the native oyster (Ostrea edulis) in Scotland". Thesis, University of London, 2006. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.436359.

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Guasp, Deborah. "Falkirk in the later nineteenth century : churchgoing, work and status in an industrial town". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/12900.

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In the years following the Religious Worship Census of 1851, there was a general increase in anxiety about the state of working-class churchgoing. Many prominent church leaders and social commentators believed that rapid industrialisation and urbanisation had led to the ‘alienation’ of the working classes from the practice of religious worship. The working classes were largely seen as ‘irreligious’ and not interested in aligning themselves to the customs of the rising middle classes who were seen as the stalwarts of the churches. The later nineteenth century was a time of anxiety for many clergy, and prominent social investigators, such as Charles Booth, carried out studies into the extent of poverty amongst various sections of society. A growing recognition of the problem of poverty led to some considering that financial disadvantage was a barrier to the churchgoing habits of the working classes. However, these ‘pessimistic’ perceptions of working-class churchgoing could originate from very different interpretations of the new industrial world, and from different conceptions of human nature. A large part of Karl Marx’s legacy has been his linking of ‘irreligion’ to the oppression of the ‘proletariat’ under industrial capitalism and Frederick Engels legitimised Marx’s theories with his 1845 book on the Condition of the Working Classes in England. However, part of the problem of interpreting Victorian affiliation to the churches is that so much effort has gone into either supporting or refuting the Marxist view amongst historians that the actual purpose of the enquiry has been somewhat lost. There has developed in recent years a rather disconnected debate with the ‘revisionist’ case the strongest and the belief that churches were middle-class institutions overturned by a recourse to ‘social composition analysis’. In effect, the revisionists have employed the use of the occupational analysis of churchgoers from which to discern the social ‘class’ make up of individual churches, which has provided evidence for widespread and significant working-class churchgoing. However, when this methodology is investigated, it is not hard to find critics of the use of occupational titles as a guide to nineteenth-century social ‘class’. This study is an attempt to look at churchgoing from a point of view that does not rely on occupational labels as the indicator of the social make-up of churches. Rather, it employs the use of the Scottish valuation rolls, which provided the official rented value of all properties, as a tool from which to develop a wide-ranging analysis of churchgoing, work and status in a nineteenth-century industrial town. It is, in large part, a study of housing and employment structures as gauged from a systematic analysis of the valuation rolls, the results of which are then measured against the four main Presbyterian churches of the town. The subject of the research is Falkirk because it experienced the transition from a traditional to industrial economy needed to evaluate the impact of industrialisation on working-class churchgoing. The study spans 1860 to 1890 and evaluates both points in time. It is effectively a historical investigation into the social and occupational structure of Falkirk town householders and how the main Presbyterian churches of the area reflected this societal formation. It naturally includes a large component of how social ‘status’ was ordered amongst the core householder population in terms of work, social relations, property and churchgoing. In addition, the methodology employed in the form of property valuations has produced a critique of the traditional system of classification by occupation and somewhat challenged its reliability.

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Macfarlane, Lesley-Anne Barnes. "A critical evaluation of the rights, status and capacity of distinct categories of individuals in underdeveloped and emerging areas of law". Thesis, Edinburgh Napier University, 2014. http://researchrepository.napier.ac.uk/Output/7249.

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The aim of this thesis is to demonstrate how my research promotes knowledge exchange about my overarching research theme: the rights, status and capacity of distinct categories of individuals in underdeveloped and emerging areas of law. These categories include disempowered individuals (namely young people and transsexuals) and persons of reduced or questionable legal capacity (to date, children and disabled people). The thesis is in two parts. Part 1 (Volume I) is a reflective commentary and Part 2 (Volume II) comprises the published work submitted. In the reflective commentary, my published work is critically appraised and placed within a wider legal and thematic framework. My overarching research theme is summarised and evaluated with reference to the legal premises, methodology and the research outcomes of my published work. In particular, I present a critical reflection of eight of my publications, each of which is concerned with the impact of the law, and issues surrounding legal reform, upon the young and certain disempowered adults. I demonstrate that this body of work forms a contribution to interdisciplinary sharing of novel and meaningful research outputs both (i) within the academic arena and (ii) throughout the wider professional community. I argue that my published work is original, because it is concerned with important, but largely neglected, areas of Scottish (and often wider UK) law. Furthermore, I argue that my publications are independent and significant in that they provide a distinct and critical evaluation of existing law and seek to promote the growth of individual status and capacity. This, in turn, often generates greater provision for individual rights, and the imposition in law of private law and state remedies.

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Willows, Marlo A. "Health status in Lowland Medieval Scotland : a regional analysis of four skeletal populations". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25484.

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This research examines the health of those living within the lowland, east coast region of Scotland from 500-1500 AD utilizing historical, archaeological, and skeletal material. Although the study area was a central part of medieval Scotland, it has not been the focus of any larger scale research into health, including any previous statistical analyses. This study presents the osteological analysis of skeletal remains of four medieval populations (385 individuals) from eastern, lowland Scotland: Ballumbie (N=197 individuals), Isle of May (N=58), St Andrews Library (N=72), and Whitefriars (N=58). Additionally, this research provides a contextualized discussion of the similarities and differences in health of these four lowland populations, focusing on the broad themes of location (rural/urban) and status (high/low). The four study populations are compared statistically through prevalence rates of disease. A compilation of disease prevalence rates for twenty-three other medieval Scottish populations was created to provide further contextualized comparisons of health. The discussion of health from the perspectives of location is framed within the context of access to health care, population density/pathogen load, diet, and sub-adult mortality. Discussions of status focus on differences in housing and diet between the upper and lower status individuals living in medieval society. The role of pilgrimage is explored for the Isle of May with respect to health, illness, and the treatment of the sick. The analysis of four medieval populations in the lowland, east coast region of Scotland illustrate that although they were close geographically, each population had unique aspects to their skeletal health due to differences in their location and status.

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Alexander, Alastair W. "A high health status sheep industry for the Highlands and Islands of Scotland". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1992. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk/R?func=search-advanced-go&find_code1=WSN&request1=AAIU045257.

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The study examined the economy of the Highlands and Islands of Scotland generally and that of its agricultural industry in particular. Enzootic Abortion of Ewes (EAE) was found to be the principal cause of ovine abortion in Scotland and the United Kingdom. In addition, the Highlands and Islands' area had certain advantages with respect to EAE that could be exploited. The literature review concluded that the production and marketing of high health status (HHS) breeding sheep offered development opportunities. An HHS breeding sheep research programme was designed and implemented. Firstly, surveys were carried out with producers in Caithness and in the Highlands and Islands as a whole. Secondly, the views of veterinary practices throughout Scotland were sought. Thirdly, the opinions of lowground breeding sheep farmers were surveyed in Grampian and the Borders of Scotland. It was found that a potential market existed for HHS breeding sheep accredited for EAE and vaccinated against the Clostridial Diseases and Pasteurella. The Highlands and Islands' area appeared to have advantages in this respect, especially that EAE lent itself to control by sheep health schemes and that the purchase of HHS replacements was believed to be the most reliable method of controlling EAE by the farmers, crofters and veterinary practices surveyed. The Highlands and Islands' Sheep Health Association (a co-operative) was found to be the market leader in this development area. A production and marketing strategy was proposed for HISHA containing guidelines for the prevention and control of EAE, identifying the productive capability of the Highlands and Islands and customer requirements for HHS breeding sheep. Objectives were proposed for HISHA to maintain and increase its membership, specifically to develop the market for HHS breeding sheep in collaboration with farmers, crofters and veterinary practices for the benefit of HHS sheep industry.

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Snedeker, Kate Grayston. "Analysing Escherichia coli 0157 outbreaks in Scotland, Canada and the United States of America". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/25210.

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It was found that most outbreak and case trends between 1996 and 2004 in Scotland, 1996 and 2003 in Canada, and 1998 and 2004 in the United States could be described using simple linear models. In each of the three countries, the inability to fit simple linear models to particular trends could generally be ascribed to the effect of one or two disproportionately large outbreaks, which tended to act as outliers in models, and to low number of data points when data was split by mode of transmission. In Scotland there were statistically significant decreases over time in the number of sporadic cases, the number of foodborne cases and the number of ill case per outbreak, while in United States, the trend in the number of ill cases from outbreaks decreased statistically significantly. Lastly, in Canada, a statistically significant increase exists in the trends in the number of outbreaks, both overall and in those spread person to person and by water. When the trends in the number of outbreaks, ill cases and outbreak size were compared between countries there were few statistically significant differences. The analyses of the trends provide the first statistical analysis of temporal trends in outbreaks within countries and one of the very first comparisons of E. coli O157 between countries. Analyses of the primary and secondary cases in outbreaks suggested that approximately 19% of outbreak cases are secondary. In addition there were very few statistically significant differences in secondary or primary case characteristics between countries, with the results suggesting that median age and mode of secondary transmission, but not country are important in determining the rate of secondary cases in an outbreak.

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Jent, Karen Ingeborg. "Making stem cell niches : an ethnography of regenerative medicine in Scotland and the United States". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2018. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/279088.

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This thesis presents the findings from an ethnography of stem cell science based on fieldwork with researchers in two connected laboratories in Scotland and the United States. It explores stem cell scientists' complicated interactions with live stem cell cultures within national projects of translational regenerative medicine. This analysis both draws upon and contributes to the social studies of biomedicine, reproductive studies and science and technology studies. I examine how stem cell scientists, involved in an international research initiative, navigate the challenging landscapes of translational regenerative medicine and attempt to transform fragile live cell cultures into successful biotechnical, medical and economic products. By considering translational regenerative medicine as an effort to reformulate the relationship between biology and technology in terms of applicability and utility, I illuminate tensions between the specific practices of care that enable stem cell growth in vitro and the elusive goals of national projects of biotechnological innovation. A major focus of this study is the means by which scientists in the two laboratories manage the inherent uncertainties of both cell culture and translational science. By exploring how researchers react to unstable and unpredictable cellular behaviour in the laboratory, while also managing the expectations of government and external funding bodies, I provide a portrait of the complex sociality of contemporary bioscience. In addition to the international collaboration between the two laboratories, I explore scientists' interdisciplinary work with medical specialists and public engagement with stakeholders in regenerative medicine. In doing so, I pay attention to the ways in which scientists themselves deal with and reflect on the relational and interdependent nature of their endeavours. Drawing on twenty-two months of ethnographic fieldwork and fifty qualitative interviews, I show how stem cell scientists' new engagement practices also inform scientific work and the care of stem cells in the laboratory. In short, I argue that translation of science across different sites at once creates and depends on new social relations between stem cells, people and communities. After providing an overview of the literature, central questions and methodology that frame this thesis, I introduce the opportunities and challenges that translational regenerative medicine goals create for the care of stem cells in vitro. From there, I zoom out beyond the tissue culture flask to demonstrate how the necessity for science applicability creates new responsibilities for scientists to connect with stakeholders in regenerative medicine outside of the laboratory. I conclude that a consideration of scientists' ties and societal links is significant for an understanding of the connection between the biological and the technological.

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Conway, Elaine. "Family secrets and social silence : women with insecure immigration status and domestic abuse policy in Scotland". Thesis, University of Glasgow, 2013. http://theses.gla.ac.uk/4000/.

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In recent decades, domestic abuse has been transformed from a private concern and personal tragedy into a key public issue across the globe. In the UK this has culminated in a contemporary policy focus on violence between intimate partners as one of a multitude of forms of violence against women. Consequently, much research has focused on the abuse of women in intimate relationships in attempts to understand the problem and formulate appropriate state responses to it. Feminist principles have guided much of this work, and both devolved and central UK governments accept the feminist analysis of the problem: domestic abuse is the result of perpetuating gender inequalities in the social, public realm. Public services such as health, education and social work, as well as the criminal justice system, seek to respond to the needs of women fleeing their abusive partners, and public money covers the cost of many Women’s Aid refuge places. However, some women’s immigration status precludes access to publicly funded services, and subsequently their options for support and ability to exit abusive relationships is constrained. Despite overt policy statements which recognise the universal nature of domestic abuse and the way in which it will affect very high proportions of women irrespective of their race, colour or creed, state support is therefore conditional. The experiences of women who are prevented from automatically accessing public services because of their immigration status has become of increasing concern in the Scottish context since the dispersal of thousands of asylum seekers during the last decade, as well as the rising number of women entering the country on spousal visas. This study therefore examines experiences of help seeking and escape from abusive relationships from the perspective of this particular group of women. Of central concern is the process of problematisation: the way in which issues are transformed from private matters into public concerns, warranting state intervention and investment, and the way in which this transformative process shapes the policies which proceed from it. Therefore, the study investigates the problematisation of domestic abuse in Scotland; the avenues of support it offers as a result of this process; and how this very problematisation shapes women’s personal experiences of help-seeking and escape from abusive partners. First a comparative discourse analysis of documents from Scotland and New Zealand illustrates how different definitions of ‘the problem’ result in differentiated public responses; then, drawing on data collected during in-depth interviews with participants at policy level, workers in support services, and individual women themselves, women’s journeys through and away from abusive relationships, as well as the social and political contexts which shape them, are discussed. Two key themes emerge from this piece of research: the operation of silences within a policy context; and the way in which this is dominated by hierarchical values, systems and processes. The thesis concludes that there is scope for a practical application of the findings which could enrich policy understanding and output in Scotland, to the benefit of women who are, at present, one of the most marginalized groups in Scottish society.

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Phillips, Debra Helen. "The genesis of selected podzols and cambisols from the eastern United States and north-east Scotland". Thesis, University of Aberdeen, 1994. http://digitool.abdn.ac.uk:80/webclient/DeliveryManager?pid=186012.

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The nature and properties of eight selected Podzols and Cambisols from the eastern United States and north-east Scotland were investigated to determine 1) their pedogenesis from physical, chemical, mineralogical, morphological and micromorphological properties, and 2) soil genesis relationships between the soils. Physical, chemical, mineralogical, morphological and micromorphological analysis were conducted on four soils from each country. The following physical and chemical analyses were conducted: particle size, pH by water, KCl and CaCl₂, exchangeable bases, cation exchange capacity (CEC), percent base saturation (BS), KCl extractable H and Al, carbon determination, acid-oxalate extractable Al, Fe, Mn and Si, and dithionite-citrate-bicarbonate (DCB) extractable Al, Fe and Mn. The mineralogy of the very fine sand fraction was determined by grain counts, while energy dispersive x-ray analyses conducted on a scanning electron microscope (SEM-EDXRA) gave details of the composition of coatings, matrix material and other features of selected areas of thin sectors. Petrographic studies of soil thin sections revealed certain micromorphological characteristics and field descriptions gave information on the morphology of the soils. These investigations revealed a wide range of spodic expression in the soil profiles which depended greatly on the combination of parent material, climate, vegetation, relief and time. Of the eight soils studied, six were Podzols and the other two, although having characteristics of Podzols, were classified as Dystric Cambisols. A Carbic Podzol (Georgia) and a Ferric Podzol (New Jersey) both formed in sandy, base deficient coastal plain sediments on flat reliefs at low elevations in the eastern United States.

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Książki na temat "Statues – Scotland"

Executive, Scotland Scottish. Scotland's transport: Delivering improvements : transport indicators for Scotland. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive, 2002.

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(Organization), Children in Scotland, red. The Children (Scotland) Act 1995: Developing policy and law for Scotland's children. Edinburgh: Stationery Office, 1997.

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Scotland. Scotland's transport: Proposals for a new approach to transport in Scotland : a consultation. Edinburgh: Scottish Executive, 2003.

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Vincent, Fleming L., Scottish Natural Heritage (Agency) i University of Edinburgh, red. Biodiversity in Scotland: Status, trends, and initiatives. Edinburgh: Stationery Office, 1997.

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Cleland, Alison. Children's rights in Scotland. Wyd. 3. Edinburgh: W. Green & Son/Thomson Reuters, 2009.

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1926-, Jenkins David, Shearer William M i Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, red. The Status of the Atlantic salmon in Scotland. Abbots Ripton, Huntingdon: Natural Environment Research Council, Institute of Terrestrial Ecology, 1986.

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Alison, Cleland, i Sutherland Elaine E, red. Children's rights in Scotland. Wyd. 3. Edinburgh: W. Green & Son/Thomson Reuters, 2009.

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Begg, David. Moving Scotland into the 21st century: A radical transport policy for Scotland. Broxburn: John Wheatley Centre, 1991.

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MacKenzie, Neil. Native woodlands of Scotland: A report on the present extent and status of native woodland in Scotland. Edinburgh: Friends of the Earth (Scotland), 1987.

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Price, Robert. The golf industry in Scotland: Current status and future prospects. Glasgow: Robert Price, 1998.

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Części książek na temat "Statues – Scotland"

McBride, Terence. "Scotland’s Foreigners: Making Identities in Scotland". W The Scottish State and European Migrants, 1885–1939, 141–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-45422-6_5.

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Keating, Michael. "Scotland". W Nations against the State, 163–215. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1996. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230374348_6.

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Bell, Eleanor. "Postmodern States: Re-thinking the Nation". W Questioning Scotland, 95–123. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230508248_4.

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Morris, R. M. "Establishment in Scotland". W Church and State in 21st Century Britain, 76–90. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230234376_6.

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Smith, Rhona, Eimear Spain i Richard Glancey. "Scotland Act 1998 (1998, c. 46)". W Core Statutes on Public Law & Civil Liberties, 116–21. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-54504-6_31.

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Ervine, Cowan. "Partnerships (Prosecution) (Scotland) Act 2013 (2013, c. 21)". W Core Statutes on Company Law, 686–87. London: Macmillan Education UK, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-137-54507-7_12.

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Hepburn, Eve, i Michael Rosie. "Immigration, Nationalism, and Politics in Scotland". W The Politics of Immigration in Multi-Level States, 241–60. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781137358530_12.

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"CHAPTER 11 TV Commercials: Moving Statues and Old Movies". W Cinema, Culture, Scotland, 139–42. Edinburgh University Press, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/9781399512886-016.

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Coleman, James J. "Introduction: The Valley Cemetery". W Remembering the Past in Nineteenth-Century Scotland. Edinburgh University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/edinburgh/9780748676903.003.0001.

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The purpose of this book is to consider what these monuments meant to those who raised them, and what they signified to the wider Scottish nation at that time. The Presbyterian statues in the Valley Cemetery, the Robert Bruce statue on the Esplanade, and the National Wallace Monument all embody the nineteenth-century passion for monumental commemoration. The reasons for nineteenth-century Scots raising so many monuments to national heroes such as William Wallace and Robert Bruce may at first seem self-evident: these were great men of the past in an age that worshipped the cult of the Great Man. In the words of Thomas Carlyle, ‘Universal History, the history of what man has accomplished in this world, is at bottom the History of the Great Men who have worked here.’ In this view of the past, all the great paradigm shifts of history were traced back to the actions of these leaders of men – to celebrate their lives and achievements was to bathe in the light of their greatness.

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Pittock, Murray. "Introduction Global Scotland". W Scotland, 1–12. Yale University Press, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.12987/yale/9780300254174.003.0001.

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This chapter covers the notion and history of two Scotlands. Scotland disappeared from the map as an independent state but remained to build a global brand. It explains the changing status of Scotland within the United Kingdom. Scotland's presence on the global stage simultaneously continued and compromised the state's role as a national entity and its role played by Scottish networks, and the careers of individual Scots. The chapter notes the influences of Scottish history, ranging between England, France, and the Netherland. It tackles the history beginning with the Thirty Years' War and its first major Scottish manifestation in the National Covenant of 1638.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Statues – Scotland"

Radomska, Ewa. "SCOTLAND’S INDEPENDENCE MOVEMENTS – THE MAIN CHALLENGES IN THE ECONOMIC SPHERE IN THE ASPECT OF POTENTIAL SEPARATION OF SCOTLAND FROM THE UNITED KINGDOM". W EU AND MEMBER STATES – LEGAL AND ECONOMIC ISSUES. Faculty of Law, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25234/eclic/8991.

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Tuffley, R., F. Folke, S. Blomberg, A. Ersbøll, F. Pott i G. Linderoth. "307 Dispatcher-assisted cardiopulmonary resuscitation is affected by a bystander’s emotional stress state in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest". W EMS 2022 Scotland. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2022-ems.30.

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Mesa-Eguiagaray, I., S. Wild i J. Figueroa. "OP32 Socioeconomic status and breast cancer mortality in scotland by oestrogen receptor status". W Society for Social Medicine and Population Health and International Epidemiology Association European Congress Annual Scientific Meeting 2019, Hosted by the Society for Social Medicine & Population Health and International Epidemiology Association (IEA), School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland, 4–6 September 2019. BMJ Publishing Group Ltd, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/jech-2019-ssmabstracts.32.

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Gunn, J. B. "The history and legacy of the United States Naval Communication Station in Thurso, Scotland". W DEFENCE HERITAGE 2014. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/dshf140281.

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Sfakakis, Georgios, i Emilia Sobolewska. "“I would call them, it seems faster”. The state of Telemedicine in Scotland." W 34th British HCI Conference. BCS Learning & Development, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/hci2021.23.

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Rose, M. F., i D. Joyce. "Defence Youth STEM Outreach – Inspiring the Next Generation". W 14th International Naval Engineering Conference and Exhibition. IMarEST, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.24868/issn.2515-818x.2018.003.

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This paper focuses on the need to build a solid foundation of skills which the future maritime workforce can build on to provide the innovation and exploitation of new technologies that the Royal Navy requires. This need sits within the wider strategic context of the national engineering skills shortage, reflected recently in the EngineeringUK report: ‘The State of Engineering 2018.’ The report forecasts as a conservative estimate an average shortfall in engineering graduates (level 4+) of 22,000, with the impact of Brexit upon these figures yet to be determined (the UK relies on attracting talent from the EU and beyond to help meet current shortfalls). The situation regarding Level 3 – A levels, Highers, and Advanced apprenticeships reflects a similar shortfall. This issue is exacerbated by the fact that only 12% of engineering and technology employees in the UK are women; highlighting that access and availability, including gender diversity remains a challenge for this sector. It is against that backdrop, that the MOD, is collaborating across many areas; one specifically being on inspiring the next generation to undertake Science, Technology, Engineering and Mathematics(STEM) as subjects of choice initially, moving thereafter onto more informed careers awareness and ultimately onto career options. Such foundation building is manifest in Defence’s Youth STEM engagement strategy which is whole force by design, with several major developments to date following its launch in 2016, including the establishment of formal strategic partnerships with three national STEM outreach providers; notably: Primary Engineer; Tomorrows Engineer (replicated by Energy Skills Partnership in Scotland) and STEM Learning (replicated by SSERC in Scotland) each with niche capabilities. They sit alongside all four Services within Defence and key other government departments including the devolved administration in Scotland, in the form of an implementation group to take the strategy forward. The purpose is to inspire sufficient young people to study STEM subjects, to ensure that the appropriate national talent exists from which Defence can recruit its future technical people. Several initiatives are expanded upon with illustration of the benefits, ranging from impact in the classroom (both teacher and pupil) to Defence personnel as STEM ambassadors. The paper closes with the social mobility agenda and the potential thereof from Youth STEM outreach.

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Farmer, J. G., S. Hillier, D. G. Lumsdon, M. C. Graham i R. J. F. Bewley. "The Assessment and Remediation of Chromite Ore Processing Residue at Former Disposal Sites, Glasgow, Scotland: Current Status (2007)". W GeoCongress 2008. Reston, VA: American Society of Civil Engineers, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1061/40970(309)93.

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Ebert, James R. "THE POWER OF A PARADIGM: MISIDENTIFICATION AND MISCORRELATION OF THE KALKBERG AND NEW SCOTLAND FORMATIONS (HELDERBERG GROUP, NEW YORK STATE)". W Northeastern Section-56th Annual Meeting-2021. Geological Society of America, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1130/abs/2021ne-361552.

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Crawford, Isabella Christine, Stephanie Swartz, Belem Barbosa i Susan Luck. "Employability Through Experiential Delivery of Intercultural Communication Skills Online". W Sixth International Conference on Higher Education Advances. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica de València, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/head20.2020.11185.

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International trade, enabled by rapid technological advances, has had a profound effect on the way employees work and communicate in a borderless, virtual environment. Within this context, classroom collaboration through online virtual teams can be an effective strategy to enhance intercultural and employability skills. Research in this area advocates that using digital media to connect students with international classrooms is an easy and efficient way to develop intercultural competence. In this paper we describe and present the results of one such initiative. The authors have designed and implemented virtual and experiential intercultural communications assignments across four countries: Germany, Portugal, Scotland, and the United States. By creating virtual teams and then simulating a real-world team project, we have been able to study how students work with, and react to, teammates from other cultures. We explored students’ views and opinions on the expected outcomes of their international experience in virtual teams and the potential impact of online intercultural learning experiences on their future employability. The findings suggest that collaborative online international learning (COIL) can help to develop the kind of soft skills that employers value and need in the globalized workplace.

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Nwosu, Amara Callistus, Sarah Stanley, Alexandra McDougall, Catriona Mayland, Stephen Mason i John Ellershaw. "159 Non-invasive technology to assess hydration status in advanced cancer to explore relationships between fluid-status and symptoms at the end-of-life: an observational study using bioelectrical impedance analysis". W Accepted Oral and Poster Abstract Submissions, The Palliative Care Congress, Sustaining Each Other, Growing Together, 16–17 March 2023, The Edinburgh International Conference Centre (EICC), Edinburgh, Scotland. British Medical Journal Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/spcare-2023-pcc.179.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Statues – Scotland"

Hall, Mark, i Neil Price. Medieval Scotland: A Future for its Past. Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, wrzesień 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.09.2012.165.

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The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarised under five key headings. Underpinning all five areas is the recognition that human narratives remain crucial for ensuring the widest access to our shared past. There is no wish to see political and economic narratives abandoned but the need is recognised for there to be an expansion to more social narratives to fully explore the potential of the diverse evidence base. The questions that can be asked are here framed in a national context but they need to be supported and improved a) by the development of regional research frameworks, and b) by an enhanced study of Scotland’s international context through time. 1. From North Britain to the Idea of Scotland: Understanding why, where and how ‘Scotland’ emerges provides a focal point of research. Investigating state formation requires work from Medieval Scotland: a future for its past ii a variety of sources, exploring the relationships between centres of consumption - royal, ecclesiastical and urban - and their hinterlands. Working from site-specific work to regional analysis, researchers can explore how what would become ‘Scotland’ came to be, and whence sprang its inspiration. 2. Lifestyles and Living Spaces: Holistic approaches to exploring medieval settlement should be promoted, combining landscape studies with artefactual, environmental, and documentary work. Understanding the role of individual sites within wider local, regional and national settlement systems should be promoted, and chronological frameworks developed to chart the changing nature of Medieval settlement. 3. Mentalities: The holistic understanding of medieval belief (particularly, but not exclusively, in its early medieval or early historic phase) needs to broaden its contextual understanding with reference to prehistoric or inherited belief systems and frames of reference. Collaborative approaches should draw on international parallels and analogues in pursuit of defining and contrasting local or regional belief systems through integrated studies of portable material culture, monumentality and landscape. 4. Empowerment: Revisiting museum collections and renewing the study of newly retrieved artefacts is vital to a broader understanding of the dynamics of writing within society. Text needs to be seen less as a metaphor and more as a technological and social innovation in material culture which will help the understanding of it as an experienced, imaginatively rich reality of life. In archaeological terms, the study of the relatively neglected cultural areas of sensory perception, memory, learning and play needs to be promoted to enrich the understanding of past social behaviours. 5. Parameters: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross-sector approaches should be encouraged in order to release the research potential of all sectors of archaeology. Creative solutions should be sought to the challenges of transmitting the importance of archaeological work and conserving the resource for current and future research.

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Emilsson, Henrik, Maria Angeli, Anna Elia, Nasar Meer i Timothy Peace. The impact of multilevel policy and governance : A comparative study of access to language training in Cosenza, Glasgow, Malmö, and Nicosia. Malmö University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.24834/isbn.9789178772445.

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Access to language training is often a challenge for persons granted international protection in EU-countries. This article investigates language provision for refugees from a policy and governance perspective. The goal is to explain the local differences in language training provisions in EU countries. We use a most different cases approach including Cosenza in Italy, Glasgow in Scotland, Malmö in Sweden and Nicosia in Cyprus. We find that the combination of state policies and governance do explain differences in local access to language training. The results also strongly indicate that local governments are dependent on support from higher levels of government to secure training opportunities. The state is still the main actor, and its choices of policies and governance instruments are central for understanding differences in language provision for refugees in EU member states.

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Finch, David, Heather Wilson i Jo Bibby. Leave no one behind: The state of health and health inequalities in Scotland. The Health Foundation, styczeń 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37829/hf-2023-hl01.

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Phillips, David. Government spending on benefits and state pensions in Scotland: current patterns and future issues. Institute for Fiscal Studies, lipiec 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1920/bn.ifs.2012.00139.

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Greenhill, Lucy. MASTS ‘Brexit’ event – summary report. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.25094.

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Background. As negotiations continue in relation to the UK’s departure from the European Union, considerable uncertainty remains around the final structure of any deal and the implications across all policy areas. Maritime issues are of key concern in Scotland and numerous reports and opinions are accumulating, highlighting significant areas of concern, ranging from fisheries to decommissioning, and some potential opportunities. There is a critical need for knowledge and capacity to support and influence the on-going negotiation process, at both the Scottish and UK level. Expertise regarding the broad range of marine research, operations and commerce is in demand to support discussion, promote interests and secure advances where possible. Such discussion must be based on the best available science but taking into account the socio-economic and historical context. The Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland1 (MASTS) is supporting this discussion, providing scientific expertise and promoting the development of emerging policy and progress towards sustainable marine management, during the transition period and for the post-departure UK organisation. This workshop, supported by MASTS, brought government and academia together to consider the legal, governmental and research framework under which Brexit is taking place and to identify priority areas and activities where information can be shared and options considered for enhancing scientific support for the Brexit process. The objectives were to: • Understand current status of Brexit with respect to marine systems and research capacity, including the legislative framework • Identify the priority gaps in knowledge • Develop ways to enhance communication pathways for the best scientific advice required to support the Brexit process.

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Saville, Alan, i Caroline Wickham-Jones, red. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland : Scottish Archaeological Research Framework Panel Report. Society for Antiquaries of Scotland, czerwiec 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.9750/scarf.06.2012.163.

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Why research Palaeolithic and Mesolithic Scotland? Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology sheds light on the first colonisation and subsequent early inhabitation of Scotland. It is a growing and exciting field where increasing Scottish evidence has been given wider significance in the context of European prehistory. It extends over a long period, which saw great changes, including substantial environmental transformations, and the impact of, and societal response to, climate change. The period as a whole provides the foundation for the human occupation of Scotland and is crucial for understanding prehistoric society, both for Scotland and across North-West Europe. Within the Palaeolithic and Mesolithic periods there are considerable opportunities for pioneering research. Individual projects can still have a substantial impact and there remain opportunities for pioneering discoveries including cemeteries, domestic and other structures, stratified sites, and for exploring the huge evidential potential of water-logged and underwater sites. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology also stimulates and draws upon exciting multi-disciplinary collaborations. Panel Task and Remit The panel remit was to review critically the current state of knowledge and consider promising areas of future research into the earliest prehistory of Scotland. This was undertaken with a view to improved understanding of all aspects of the colonization and inhabitation of the country by peoples practising a wholly hunter-fisher-gatherer way of life prior to the advent of farming. In so doing, it was recognised as particularly important that both environmental data (including vegetation, fauna, sea level, and landscape work) and cultural change during this period be evaluated. The resultant report, outlines the different areas of research in which archaeologists interested in early prehistory work, and highlights the research topics to which they aspire. The report is structured by theme: history of investigation; reconstruction of the environment; the nature of the archaeological record; methodologies for recreating the past; and finally, the lifestyles of past people – the latter representing both a statement of current knowledge and the ultimate aim for archaeologists; the goal of all the former sections. The document is reinforced by material on-line which provides further detail and resources. The Palaeolithic and Mesolithic panel report of ScARF is intended as a resource to be utilised, built upon, and kept updated, hopefully by those it has helped inspire and inform as well as those who follow in their footsteps. Future Research The main recommendations of the panel report can be summarized under four key headings:  Visibility: Due to the considerable length of time over which sites were formed, and the predominant mobility of the population, early prehistoric remains are to be found right across the landscape, although they often survive as ephemeral traces and in low densities. Therefore, all archaeological work should take into account the expectation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic ScARF Panel Report iv encountering early prehistoric remains. This applies equally to both commercial and research archaeology, and to amateur activity which often makes the initial discovery. This should not be seen as an obstacle, but as a benefit, and not finding such remains should be cause for question. There is no doubt that important evidence of these periods remains unrecognised in private, public, and commercial collections and there is a strong need for backlog evaluation, proper curation and analysis. The inadequate representation of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic information in existing national and local databases must be addressed.  Collaboration: Multi-disciplinary, collaborative, and cross- sector approaches must be encouraged – site prospection, prediction, recognition, and contextualisation are key areas to this end. Reconstructing past environments and their chronological frameworks, and exploring submerged and buried landscapes offer existing examples of fruitful, cross-disciplinary work. Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology has an important place within Quaternary science and the potential for deeply buried remains means that geoarchaeology should have a prominent role.  Innovation: Research-led projects are currently making a substantial impact across all aspects of Palaeolithic and Mesolithic archaeology; a funding policy that acknowledges risk and promotes the innovation that these periods demand should be encouraged. The exploration of lesser known areas, work on different types of site, new approaches to artefacts, and the application of novel methodologies should all be promoted when engaging with the challenges of early prehistory.  Tackling the ‘big questions’: Archaeologists should engage with the big questions of earliest prehistory in Scotland, including the colonisation of new land, how lifestyles in past societies were organized, the effects of and the responses to environmental change, and the transitions to new modes of life. This should be done through a holistic view of the available data, encompassing all the complexities of interpretation and developing competing and testable models. Scottish data can be used to address many of the currently topical research topics in archaeology, and will provide a springboard to a better understanding of early prehistoric life in Scotland and beyond.

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Beatty, Christina, Steve Fothergill i Tony Gore. The state of the coalfields 2019: Economic and social conditions in the former coalfields of England, Scotland and Wales. Sheffield Hallam University, październik 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/cresr.2019.6676686343.

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Fothergill, Steve, Tony Gore i David Leather. The State of the Coalfields 2024: Economic and social conditions in the former coalfields of England, Scotland and Wales. Sheffield Hallam University, kwiecień 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/cresr.2024.6777896728.

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Coram, Alexander James, Allen Robert Kingston i Simon Northridge. Cod catches from demersal and pelagic trawl gears in the Clyde estuary: results from an industry-led survey in 2016: a report on behalf of the Clyde Fishermen's Association. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.26247.

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[Extract from Foreword] This ‘cruise report’ is the first of a short series, reflecting the aspiration of the Clyde Fishermen’s Association to establish a rigorous sampling scheme to monitor changes in the abundance and distribution of cod (and later other gadoid species) within the Clyde area. The Scottish Oceans Institute was approached to provide independent scientific support in early 2016. A series of surveys was then conducted in 2016, 2017 and 2018. In each survey the SOI provided observers, collected data and wrote up a cruise report detailing the methods used and the location, numbers, weights, sex and maturity states of fish caught. Trials were halted after 2018 firstly because of pressing issues resulting from Brexit which absorbed any potentially available human and other resources, and secondly because of the COVID pandemic. The reports remained as unapproved and incomplete drafts until 2022. Picking up these reports again in 2022, we have responded to reviewers’ comments since made by Marine Scotland Science and have finalised all four reports in the 2016-2018 current series.

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Bates, C. Richards, Melanie Chocholek, Clive Fox, John Howe i Neil Jones. Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data System (SIFIDS): Work package (3) final report development of a novel, automated mechanism for the collection of scallop stock data. Redaktorzy Mark James i Hannah Ladd-Jones. Marine Alliance for Science and Technology for Scotland (MASTS), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.15664/10023.23449.

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[Extract from Executive Summary] This project, aimed at the development of a novel, automated mechanism for the collection of scallop stock data was a sub-part of the Scottish Inshore Fisheries Integrated Data Systems (SIFIDS) project. The project reviewed the state-of-the-art remote sensing (geophysical and camera-based) technologies available from industry and compared these to inexpensive, off-the -shelf equipment. Sea trials were conducted on scallop dredge sites and also hand-dived scallop sites. Data was analysed manually, and tests conducted with automated processing methods. It was concluded that geophysical acoustic technologies cannot presently detect individual scallop but the remote sensing technologies can be used for broad scale habitat mapping of scallop harvest areas. Further, the techniques allow for monitoring these areas in terms of scallop dredging impact. Camera (video and still) imagery is effective for scallop count and provide data that compares favourably with diver-based ground truth information for recording scallop density. Deployment of cameras is possible through inexpensive drop-down camera frames which it is recommended be deployed on a wide area basis for further trials. In addition, implementation of a ‘citizen science’ approach to wide area recording is suggested to increase the stock assessment across the widest possible variety of seafloor types around Scotland. Armed with such data a full, statistical analysis could be completed and data used with automated processing routines for future long-term monitoring of stock.

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