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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Stakeholders pressure"
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Mousavi, Mir Damoun, i Mir Danial Mousavi. "The Effect of Stakeholder’s Pressure on Firm Performance and the Moderating Role of Perceived Economic Crisis". International Journal of Applied Research in Management and Economics 3, nr 4 (30.12.2020): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/ijarme.v3i4.507.
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The stakeholder pressure is one of the institutional pressures, in this regard, organizations have their internal characteristics to match the expectations of key stakeholders in the environment. In the present study, the effect of stakeholder’s pressure on firm performance was examined considering the moderating role of the perceived economic crisis. To investigate relationships, 208 questionnaires were collected from firms listed in the Tehran stock exchange. Structural equation modeling and PLS software were used to investigate the relationships. The results of this study showed that stakeholder’s pressure has a positive effect on firm performance, and perceived economic crisis reduces firm performance, and when firms believe to more likely to be in crisis, the positive effect of stakeholder’s pressure on firm performance was decreased.
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Haque, Shamima, i Muhammad Azizul Islam. "Stakeholder pressures on corporate climate change-related accountability and disclosures: Australian evidence". Business and Politics 17, nr 2 (sierpień 2015): 355–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1369525800001674.
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This study investigates stakeholder pressures on corporate climate change-related accountability and disclosure practices in Australia. While existing scholarship investigates stakeholder pressures on companies to discharge their broader accountability through general social and environmental disclosures, there is a lack of research investigating whether and how stakeholder pressures emerge to influence accountability and disclosure practices related to climate change. We surveyed various stakeholder groups to understand their concerns about climate change-related corporate accountability and disclosure practices. We present three primary findings: first, while NGOs and the media have some influence, institutional investors and government bodies (regulators) are perceived to be the most powerful stakeholders in generating climate change-related concern and coercive pressure on corporations to be accountable. Second, corporate climate change-related disclosures, as documented through the Carbon Disclosure Project (CDP), are positively associated with such perceived coercive pressures. Lastly, we find a positive correlation between the level of media attention to climate change and Australian corporate responses to the CDP. Our results indicate that corporations will not disclose climate change information until pressured by non-financial stakeholders. This suggests a larger role for non-financial actors than previously theorized, with several policy implications.
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Meixell, Mary J., i Patrice Luoma. "Stakeholder pressure in sustainable supply chain management". International Journal of Physical Distribution & Logistics Management 45, nr 1/2 (2.03.2015): 69–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijpdlm-05-2013-0155.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to summarize and analyze what is known regarding the ways in which stakeholder pressure may influence supply chain sustainability. The authors extend this understanding to develop a number of research questions and propositions for future investigation on this topic. Design/methodology/approach – The authors used a systematic review process to study the empirical evidence pertaining to how a stakeholder perspective helps to understand sustainability in the supply chain management domain. Findings – The review has three main findings: stakeholder pressure on sustainability in supply chain management may result in sustainability awareness, adoption of sustainability goals, and/or implementation of sustainability practices; different types of stakeholders have dissimilar influence in the sustainable supply chain decision areas; different stakeholders appears to be more or less influential depending on whether the sustainability issue is environmental or social. Originality/value – This synthesis contributes to the literature by developing insight into the processes by which stakeholder pressure influences SSCM decisions.
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Choi, Jiyul, i Byung Il Park. "Environmentally responsible management of MNE subsidiaries: stakeholder perspective". Multinational Business Review 22, nr 1 (14.04.2014): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mbr-06-2013-0034.
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Purpose – The aim of this paper is to empirically analyze the extent of the impact stakeholders' pressure has as a determinant of multinational enterprises' MNEs' local environmentally responsible management (ERM), aiming to contribute to the interlocution with stakeholders and ERM strategy establishment of MNE subsidiaries. Design/methodology/approach – To identify key stakeholders, ordinary least squares (OLS) regression analysis was used. The data were collected from 300 foreign subsidiaries established by Korean MNEs from August to December 2012. Findings – The results show the parent company (as a major internal stakeholder) and government, NGOs and media (as external stakeholders) are major factors that promote ERM by subsidiaries. Stakeholder theory provides a comprehensive understanding about stakeholders' pressure as a force to engage overseas subsidiaries with environmental responsibility. Originality/value – The research contributes to environmental and international business literature by investigating antecedents of ERM of overseas subsidiaries. A stakeholder perspective is used as an overarching theory in order to develop an ERM framework.
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Yunus, Somaiya, Evangeline O. Elijido-Ten i Subhash Abhayawansa. "Impact of stakeholder pressure on the adoption of carbon management strategies". Sustainability Accounting, Management and Policy Journal 11, nr 7 (10.02.2020): 1189–212. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sampj-04-2019-0135.
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Purpose This paper aims to examine whether the perceived pressures from stakeholders with high potential to cooperate and/or threaten the firm’s survival affect the decision to adopt carbon management strategies (CMSs). Design/methodology/approach A logistic panel regression model is estimated using longitudinal data from Australia’s Top-200 listed firms over seven years from 2009 to 2015. The authors test the firm’s propensity to adopt CMSs conditioned on the influence of four groups of stakeholders: the regulators, institutional investors, media and creditors. Data on CMSs adopted by firms are sourced from Thomson Reuters ASSET4 database, the Carbon Disclosure Project survey, annual reports, company websites and sustainability reports. Findings The authors show that stakeholder pressures are associated not only with the adoption or non-adoption of CMSs but also with the type of CMSs adopted. Three types of CMSs are identified, namely, compensation, reduction and innovation strategies. The findings reveal that CMS adoption and the firms’ propensity to adopt compensation and reduction strategies are significantly related to perceived pressures from the regulators, media and creditors. While pressure from the regulators is also associated with the firms’ propensity to adopt innovation strategies, a more advanced type of CMSs, the potential pressure from the media and creditors are not significantly related. Practical implications The findings imply that a firm’s adoption of CMSs is not merely about managing stakeholders in the regulatory sphere but also about taking into account the perceived pressures from non-regulatory stakeholders and the context-dependent nature of their influences. The authors show that by influencing the voluntary disclosure of carbon emissions, the government continues to be effective in encouraging firms to take action on climate change despite the abolition of the carbon tax in Australia. Social implications This study highlights that, apart from a heavy-handed approach, regulators can adopt softer forms of regulation such as the National Greenhouse and Energy Reporting (NGER) Act and a less invasive, stakeholder-driven approach to encourage firms to adopt CMSs and thereby work towards climate change mitigation. Originality/value This study extends the literature by showing that perceived pressure from some stakeholders found to be influential in relation to some corporate decisions (such as environmental strategy adoption and climate-change-related disclosure) may not necessarily be influential in relation to CMS adoption.
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Hernández-Arzaba, Juan Cristóbal, Sarfraz Nazir, Sandra Nelly Leyva-Hernández i Sanar Muhyaddin. "Stakeholder Pressure Engaged with Circular Economy Principles and Economic and Environmental Performance". Sustainability 14, nr 23 (6.12.2022): 16302. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su142316302.
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The study aims to investigate the impacts of internal and external stakeholder pressures on the adoption of circular economy (CE) principles. The study explores the primary barriers to and causes (external or internal stakeholder pressures) of CE’s transition across Mexico and explores the effects of stakeholder pressures (internal and external) on the adoption of CE principles on economic and environmental performance. For this, data were collected from 433 respondents using a structured questionnaire. For analysis, the study used the PLS-SEM technique to examine internal and external stakeholders as barriers and motivators of economic and environmental performance through CE principles. Both the structural model and the measurement model were assessed. As well as mediation analysis, the direct and indirect effects were determined. The study found that economic (β = 0.178, p = 0.000) and environmental performance (β = 0.233, p = 0.000) is affected by most external stakeholders through the adoption of circular economy principles. Although the internal stakeholders don’t affect the environmental performance (β = 0.040, p = 0.492), with the adoption of circular economy principles mediating the relationship, internal stakeholders encourage environmental performance (β = 0.201, p = 0.000). The study motivates the public, non-governmental organisations (NGOs) and the government to adopt CE principles for the achievement of economic and environmental performance and participation in the sustainable development agenda.
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Amran, Azlan, i Say Keat Ooi. "Sustainability reporting: meeting stakeholder demands". Strategic Direction 30, nr 7 (3.06.2014): 38–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/sd-03-2014-0035.
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Purpose – This paper aims to illustrate the emerging trend and importance of sustainability reporting, and proposes that stakeholder engagement helps gain insights into this rising trend to better understand stakeholder concerns. Pressure for sustainable business practices continues to rise. Findings – Pressure from stakeholders compels businesses to prove their governance effectiveness, accountability and transparency through corporate sustainability disclosure. To cater to diverse stakeholder needs and achieve continuous improvement, it is important that businesses engage with targeted stakeholders and obtain meaningful feedback on their sustainability performance and reporting processes, which helps to meet stakeholders’ demands and improves businesses’ future sustainability agenda. Originality/value – The briefing saves busy executives and researchers hours of reading time by selecting only the very best, most pertinent information and presenting it in a condensed and easy-to-digest format.
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Almagtome, Akeel, Maithm Khaghaany i Saime Önce. "Corporate Governance Quality, Stakeholders’ Pressure, and Sustainable Development: An Integrated Approach". International Journal of Mathematical, Engineering and Management Sciences 5, nr 6 (1.12.2020): 1077–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.33889/ijmems.2020.5.6.082.
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The goal of this paper is to explore the interrelated relationships between the quality of corporate governance, Stakeholder’s pressure, and Sustainability Reporting. We claim that sustainable development strategies are the result of the interaction of two variables: the standard of corporate governance and the pressure of stakeholders rather than the outcome of a single variable. The results indicate that the company size and corporate governance rating are positively correlated with sustainability reporting Scores disclosed by the Turkish companies. The analysis of 125 firm-year data suggest that the company provides more SRS if it has a better corporate governance rating; or larger total assets. The paper also reveals that social, environmental and economic indicators, as pillars of sustainable development, are not the result of corporate governance practices or of stakeholder pressure alone, but represent a holistic reflection of the accumulated effects of various factors related to both corporate governance practices and stakeholder theory. This paper extends the work of Taşkirmaz, and Gamze (2017) which examined the relationship between corporate governance and corporate social responsibility. Our results increase understanding of sustainable practices of the circular economy in Turkish industrial companies and indicate future trends for these applications. This research will help managers of manufacturing companies in formulating their plans to maximize the use of available resources and improve efficiency in the context of the circular economy.
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Mehmood, Khawaja Khalid, Rabia Rasheed i Javeria Jaan. "How Does Stakeholders Pressure Affect Organization Performance and Employee Wellbeing? Study of Multiple Mediating Roles". Journal of Business and Social Review in Emerging Economies 6, nr 1 (31.03.2020): 55–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.26710/jbsee.v6i1.1026.
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Employee satisfaction and high performance is every organization’s goal. When seen through the lens of stakeholder theory, these goals could be achieved by CSR practices through certain ways. Stakeholder theory affords an initial point to assimilate stakeholder pressure and corporate social responsibility practices. This research studies the effect of pressure from stakeholders over organization performance and wellbeing of employees by including the mediating effect of CSR oriented culture, CSR practices, organizational citizenship behavior, organizational commitment, and organizational trust in Pakistan’s banking sector. The study employs quantitative and cross sectional research design. A sample of 180 banks was studied through employing SmartPLS3.0 software using mediation analyses.The findings reveal that CSR oriented culture mediates between stakeholder pressure and CSR practices; CSR practices affect organization performance through organization citizenship behavior. Further, trust is a partial mediator among CSR practices and wellbeing of employees. Serial mediators play their role between stakeholder pressure and organization performance, and also play a role between stakeholder pressure and employee wellbeing. Implications/Originality/Value: The findings suggest Pakistani banks to acknowledge pressure from all stakeholders, and concentrate on CSR practices for their bank performance and staff wellbeing.
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Mensah, Ishmael. "Stakeholder pressure and hotel environmental performance in Accra, Ghana". Management of Environmental Quality: An International Journal 25, nr 2 (4.03.2014): 227–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/meq-01-2013-0009.
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Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to examine the extent to which primary and secondary stakeholders influence the environmental performance of hotels in Accra and whether size of hotel moderates stakeholder influence on the environmental performance of hotels. Design/methodology/approach – Environmental performance of the hotels was based on 33 variables in ten key areas of environmental management in the literature. Survey questionnaires were self-administered to a stratified random sample of managers of different categories of hotels in Accra. Findings – The findings point to the fact that primary stakeholders such as customers and board of directors had a more significant influence on the environmental performance of hotels while size of hotel moderates the effect of stakeholders on the environmental performance of hotels. Research limitations/implications – Future research should focus on unearthing other drivers of environmental performance of especially small to medium hotels as well as the obstacles to environmental management in such organizations. Practical implications – It is vital for hotels to manage the pressures exerted by stakeholders. Originality/value – In the context of a developing country like Ghana, experiencing sustained growth in hotel investment, governments should encourage voluntary environmental programmes to enhance environmental performance of hotels instead of regulations by state agencies.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Stakeholders pressure"
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Higgs, Hariz Imran, i Anna Maria Kocik. "How can stakeholders pressure firms to create value through innovation and CSR? : A study on CSR-driven innovations in the clothing industry". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Jönköping University, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-49240.
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As the clothing industry is influenced by fierce competition and fast changing trends, firms must handle high stakeholder pressure such as for example, increased environmental and social awareness. According to the UN (2019), the clothing industry is the second biggest polluter to the environment, thus demonstrating the urgent need for CSR initiatives to make significant impact in this industry. In fact, many firms have been innovative, but the benefits from these innovations have yet to be seen. The main purpose of this study is to understand how innovation and CSR can be combined to offer value for stakeholdersin the clothing industry and evaluate this through the relationship of the Porter hypothesis, stakeholder theory and value co-creation. This thesis adopts a mixed-method approach by responses from interviews and from a self-completing questionnaire. This is supported by the analysis of secondary data reports from firms in the clothing industry and governmental institutions. The results of this study conclude that firms experience two forms of stakeholder pressure which forces them to innovate, supporting the argument for the ‘strong’ form of the Porter hypothesis. Furthermore, it finds that value creation is inextricably linked to stakeholder theory.
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Pottier, Aude Marie-Emilie. "La forêt des Landes de Gascogne comme patrimoine naturel? Echelles, enjeux, valeurs". Thesis, Pau, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012PAUU1011/document.
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Ce travail de thèse en Géographie Humaine a pour objectif d’identifier et d’analyser les valeurs qui font entrer le massif forestier des Landes de Gascogne dans un processus dit de patrimonialisation au travers des discours et actions de ses acteurs. Affecter des valeurs à un espace forestier, le patrimonialiser ne correspond plus simplement à la mise en place d’espaces protégés où le « exceptionnel » est adoubé. Le processus ne se définit plus par la simple protection officielle qui soustrait à l’action humaine des éléments jugés remarquables : des objets et des espaces de plus en plus communs et quotidiens sont également appropriés par des groupes sociaux variés tout autant spécialistes qu’ « amateurs ». Le massif forestier des Landes de Gascogne constitue, selon nous, un espace exemplaire pour traiter de cette appropriation d’un espace forestier « ordinaire », qui n’a, a priori, rien de « remarquable », du moins, selon les critères de la patrimonialisation institutionnelle. Forêt d’origine artificielle à vocation de production en grande majorité privée, le massif forestier landais a toujours été plus ou moins décrié pour sa gestion intensive remettant en cause sa capacité à être porteuse de valeurs autres qu’économique et pouvant aller jusqu’à remettre en question son statut de forêt. Pour autant, bien que la vocation productive de ce massif soit sa raison d’être, la forêt landaise est aussi porteuse de valeurs culturelles, naturalistes et sensibles qui la font entrer dans une volonté de préservation qui dépasse, et parfois se confronte, à sa simple importance économique. La dernière tempête Klaus de Janvier 2009, a permis d’à la fois révéler et catalyser ses valeurs qui, face à un tel bouleversement, s’exacerbent. Aborder la patrimonialisation de cet objet forestier à part entière, partagé entre nature et culture, permet ainsi de questionner l’idée même de patrimoine naturel et le processus qui le sous-tend. La thèse s’appuie sur l’analyse d’une centaine d’entretiens semi-directifs effectués auprès de différents acteurs du massif (sphère forestière privée et publique, élus, collectivités territoriale, Parc Naturel Régional, milieu associatif) et menés selon une double échelle d’analyse (de l’échelle « massif » à l’analyse plus localisée de quatre terrains d’étude)This thesis in Human Geography aims to identify and analyze the values which imply an heritage process through the words and actions of its actors. To associate a forest with values, to launch an heritage process does not mean only to set it as a protected area where the exceptional character of this area is acknowledged. This process cannot be reduced to official protection, preserving from human activities some elements considered as remarkable: more and more common areas and elements are equally owned by different social groups, specialists just as much as amateurs. With this regards, the forest of Landes de Gascogne constitutes a good example of heritage process of a common and ordinary forest, with nothing “remarkable” at first sight, at least according to the usual criteria of institutional natural heritage. This artificial forest has a production purpose and is privatized for its vast majority. Therefore, this forest has always been more or less pointed out for its intensive exploitation, questioning its ability to circulate values outside economic ones, and even the legitimacy of its status as a forest. Nevertheless, and however its production purpose is its first determination, this forest is also carrying cultural, natural and sensible values which generate a willingness of preservation going beyond, or even confronting the simple economic concern. The last storm in January 2009, Klaus, enabled to unveil and catalyze those valued, which, in front of such an event, became clearer. To consider the heritage process of this forest as a whole, shared between nature and culture, also allows pondering over the idea of natural heritage in itself and the process behind. This thesis has been written thanks to the analysis of a hundred of semi-structured interviews of different actors of the forest (private and public areas, elected representatives, local communities, Regional Natural Parc, associations) and realized according to a double-scale analysis (from the whole forest scale to the more localized analysis of four different field studies)
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Tchaikovsky, Zulfiya. "The Relationship Between Sustainable Supply Chain Management, Stakeholder Pressure, and Financial Performance". ScholarWorks, 2017. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/4024.
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Corporate sustainability confronts significant challenges when supply chain managers pursue short-term financial performance to meet stakeholders' expectations. To achieve sustainable economic success, organizational managers need to understand the relationship between corporate sustainability and long-term financial performance. Based on the resource dependence theory, the purpose of this correlational study was to examine the relationship between sustainable supply chain management (SCM), stakeholder pressure, and corporate sustainability performance. The population consisted of worldwide public organizations from Newsweek Global Green Ranking 2016 list engaged in sustainable SCM. The secondary data for the study were collected from databases hosted by Sustainalytics and Standard & Poor's. The hierarchical multiple regression analyses indicated statistically significant relationships between sustainable SCM and corporate sustainability performance, F(5, 158) = 3,981, p = .002, R2[.112], and between stakeholder pressure and corporate sustainability performance, F(5, 158) = 2,552 p = .030, R2[.075]. Analysis of the relationship between sustainable SCM and corporate sustainability performance with stakeholder pressure as a moderator showed non-significant interaction effect, F (5, 158) = 5.54, p < .001, R2 =.11. R2 -chng =.0007, p-int = .669. With stakeholder pressure as a mediator, the relationship showed non-significant indirect effect, b = .024, z = 0.97, p = .329. The findings of this study could contribute to the social change given that sustainable development of supply chains support the conservation of natural resources and living standards of stakeholders.
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Westergren, Eric, i Linn Hasselgren. "Does stakeholder pressure have an effect on the quality of the sustainability report?" Thesis, Umeå universitet, Företagsekonomi, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172187.
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Our planet suffers from severe climate change and environmental issues has never been as important as it is now. Countries and communities come together to get involved in environmental questions and to work against a sustainable future. Companies are also expected to take act on this concern and incorporate sustainability into their business practices. To account for this, company’s disclosure a sustainability report and the numbers of companies that do so has increased rapidly the last years. From 2011 to 2013 there was almost a 50% increase of submitted sustainability reports. Since then, sustainability reporting has gone from optional to mandatory as a new law came into place in 2016. However, as companies start to disclosure sustainability reports more than ever before, new issues have arisen. The lack of regulation means that there is no guarantee for quality in the report and studies has shown that the stakeholders demand higher quality and more transparency of the sustainability report. Thus, it could be of importance for companies to produce reports of better quality in order to meet the demands of their stakeholders. Retaining a good relationship is crucial and it affects the growth of the company as it affects competitive advantage and the possibility to manage risks. Previous literature has found evidence that stakeholder pressure has influence on the transparency, which has similarities to quality, of the sustainability reports globally. With this thesis we aim to contribute with additional information to existing literature with a new geographical area, Sweden. We also aim to contribute to understanding of how quality of the sustainability reports can be determined. The critical assessment of the sustainability reports from each stakeholder becomes more important and previous literature has shown that different stakeholders have different effect on transparency in the sustainability reports. First and foremost, the purpose of this thesis is to investigate if the pressure from different stakeholder groups has an effect on the quality of the sustainability report. We intend to do so with the following research question: Does stakeholder pressure have an effect on the quality of sustainability reports? The companies will be split into four different groups based on the industry the company operates within and the sub-purpose is to see if there is any difference in the impact on the quality of the sustainability reports between the different groups. The quality will be determined by adherence level to the GRI G4 framework, how many other standards and guidelines the report is in compliance with and the existence of external assurance. The population is the 127 companies who has their reports available in the GRI database. We have conducted a quantitative study using a linear regression analysis on those 127 companies. The results led us to the conclusion that the relationship between stakeholder pressure and the quality of the sustainability reports cannot be explained by the model used in this thesis. A two-sample t test was conducted for each group of industry to see if there was any difference of the mean of quality if the companies was represented in the industry or not. The results showed us that the mean of the quality was higher for the companies operating in an environmentally sensitive industry.
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Konadu, R., S. Owusu-Agyei, T. Lartey, A. Danso, Samuel Adomako i J. Amankwah-Amoah. "CEO reputation, quality management and environmental innovation: the roles of stakeholder pressure and resource commitment". Wiley, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17766.
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YesIn this paper, we examine how and when chief executive offers’ (CEOs’) reputation enhances environmental innovation by considering quality management as a mediating mechanism of this relationship. In addition, we introduce stakeholder pressures (primary and secondary stakeholder pressures) as important contingencies of the relationship between CEOs’ reputation and quality management. Moreover, we test the moderating role of resource commitment on the quality management-environmental innovation relationship. We test our research model using data from a manufacturing industry sample of 217 firms from Ghana. We find that quality management mediates the relationship between reputation and environmental innovation. Moreover, the relationship between CEOs’ reputation and quality management is amplified when levels of both primary and secondary stakeholder pressures are greater. Finally, our findings show that the effect of quality management on environmental innovation is enhanced when resource commitment is greater. Implications for theory and practice are discussed.
The full-text article of this paper will be released for public view at the end of the publisher embargo on 14 Apr 2022.
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Sarker, Zafar Waziha. "The Impacts of Stakeholder Pressures on Workplace Compliance in the Bangladeshi Apparel Industry". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1574780270227769.
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Gehlen, Corinna, i Katharina Sühling. "CSR-Related Stakeholder Pressure in Supply-Chains : A Qualitative Study of the Clothing Industry". Thesis, Internationella Handelshögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, IHH, Företagsekonomi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-18374.
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Corporate Social Responsibility increases in importance, especially in the context of Supply-Chain Management. This is anchored in the rising competitiveness between entire supply-chains, as a competitive shift from individual companies to supply-chains as entities is taking place. Hence, the entire supply-chain becomes more critical in the creation of a competitive advantage. Corporate Social Responsibility has the potential to create legitimacy in the eyes of stakeholders and thus, also may contribute to the creation of this competitive advantage for entire supply-chains. Therefore, changing societal demands and stakeholder pressure stimulate the necessity for supply-chains to integrate Corporate Social Responsibility and thus, the three dimensions of the Triple-Bottom-Line (People, Planet, Profit) approach (as opposed to the traditional economic paradigm) into their operations. With regards to this necessity it becomes worthwhile to explore how individual actors within supply-chains perceive pressure and whether the shift from inter-firm competition to inter-supply-chain competition is accompanied by a similar shift in stakeholder pressure (based on the Triple-Bottom-Line) from individual companies to entire supply-chains. A set of four interrelated theories, namely ‘business as open systems’, ‘social contract theory’, ‘stakeholder theory’ and ‘legitimacy theory’, is used to approach this topic. Then, the perceived pressure is investigated by means of a series of qualitative interviews with representatives of seven companies within the clothing industry, located at different positions of supply-chains. These positions include Suppliers of Raw Material, Manufacturer, Logistics and Retailers. Findings show that primary stakeholders, especially employees and customers, are perceived to be the most influential sources of CSR-related pressure. This pressure includes a wide range of demands, covering all three dimensions of the Triple-Bottom-Line. The assumption that supply-chains as entities perceive stakeholder pressure is not yet supported by these findings. What can be identified is a noticeable ‘trickle-up’ effect, meaning that pressure flows upstream from retailers to suppliers of raw materials. The shift in stakeholder pressure onto chains as entities is not identified due to the sample available to the authors. Further research should investigate this shift by means of examining single supply-chains instead of various companies from different chains.
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Coleman, Charlotte Katie. "From dirty oil to community mentor : corporate responses to stakeholder pressure in the Alberta oil sands". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2013. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/6350/.
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This study presents the findings of an in-depth qualitative study of corporate responses to stakeholder pressures in the context of Canada’s oil sands. The study applies institutional theory and particularly, theory of organisational fields, strategic responses, institutional pressures and institutional work to examine interactions between stakeholders and oil companies. I argue that existing organisational theory often neglects to consider the tactics and mechanisms through which key stakeholder groups attempt to change, maintain or disrupt prevailing institutions. Furthermore, I argue that existing work in this area has failed to fully consider the potential significance of communities as powerful stakeholders. The study finds that the logics of protest used by social movement stakeholders to exert pressures differ from the logics and associated tactics currently suggested in the existing literature. More specifically, the findings indicate that the core logic used to pressure oil companies and the collective industry, are based on ‘bearing witness’. Another contribution that this study makes is to understand corporate responses to stakeholder pressures (specifically the public, non-government organisations, communities and through establishing an inter-organisational collaboration) at an individual and field level. This reveals that corporations and their field level organisations respond relationally (attempting to build new relationships with stakeholder groups, or their own competitors) use existing social networks, mimic these relations through mass marketing communication channels and embed themselves more within local communities. The responses used also aim to shape the external environment to make it more supportive in the future.
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Betts, Teresa K. "The Role of Competitive Capabilities and Stakeholder Pressure in the Adoption of Environmental Practices and Business Performance". OpenSIUC, 2012. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/dissertations/450.
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AN ABSTRACT OF THE DISSERATION OF Teresa K. Betts, for the Doctor of Philosophy Degree in Business Administration defended December 14, 2011, 10:00 a.m. 108 Rehn Hall at Southern Illinois University Carbondale. TITLE: THE ROLE OF COMPETITIVE CAPABILITIES AND STAKEHOLDER PRESSURE IN THE ADOPTION OF ENVIRONMENTAL PRACTICES AND IMPACT ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE MAJOR PROFESSOR: Dr. Suresh Tadisina This paper examines the underlying effect of manufacturing plants' competitive capabilities and their adoption of environmental practices. A Natural Resource Based View (NRBV) theoretical approach was utilized to develop and test a set of hypotheses surrounding how manufacturing plants with specific competitive capabilities would have a greater likelihood of implementing sets of environmental practices with similar underlying resources and capabilities. Further analysis evaluated how the influence of stakeholder pressures moderated the relationship between competitive capabilities and the degree of adoption of environmental manufacturing practices. Multiple regression results indicate quality and cost competitive capabilities are positively significantly associated with the adoption of specific environmental practices. Further analysis indicates stakeholder pressures do not moderate the relationship between competitive capabilities and the degree of adoption of environmental practices. Unique sets of stakeholder pressures are independent predictors for each set of environmental practices. ANOVA analysis indicates competitive process flexibility capability and product design environmental practices and competitive product innovation capability and product design environmental practices positively significantly impact business performance. This study contributes to the literature by providing insights into competitive capabilities which link to the degree of adoption of specific environmental practices and insights into synergies which may exist between competitive capabilities and environmental practices and their effects on business performance.
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Herold, David Martin, Ben Farr-Wharton, Ki-Hoon Lee i Wolfram Groschopf. "The interaction between institutional and stakeholder pressures: Advancing a framework for categorising carbon disclosure strategies". John Wiley & Sons Ltd and ERP Environment, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/bsd2.44.
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Multiple institutional and stakeholder demands have led to different strategies in the measurement and disclosure of Carbon-related information. Although scholars acknowledge the prevalence of competing institutional logics as being a driver of different outcomes, existing research offers conflicting views on their implications, thus lacking clarity. In response, this paper proposes two frameworks (a) to clarify the institutional and stakeholder influences on carbon disclosure and (b) to depict four different types of carbon disclosure strategies to assess a company's "true" carbon position. We identify various concepts of institutional fields, organisations, and stakeholders that influence disclosure and combine the two critical concepts of logic centrality and stakeholder salience to categorise the multiple institutional and stakeholder pressures on carbon disclosure. Whereas the first framework proposes that institutional theory and stakeholder theory both provide, on different levels, a theoretical foundation to examine the influences on carbon disclosure, the second model categorises carbon disclosure outcomes in terms of logic centrality and stakeholder salience. Both frameworks advance the understanding of the interaction between firm-level agency and field-level pressures and synthesise the current literature to offer conceptual clarity regarding the varied implications and outcomes linked to carbon disclosure practices and strategies.
Książki na temat "Stakeholders pressure"
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A stakeholder approach to corporate social responsibility: Pressures, conflicts and reconciliation. Burlington, VT: Gower, 2011.
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Inside the mind of the stakeholder: The hype behind stakeholder pressure. Basingstoke [England]: Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
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Inside the Mind of the Stakeholder: The Hype Behind Stakeholder Pressure. Palgrave Macmillan, 2006.
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Koh, Harold Hongju. The Counterstrategy Illustrated: Transnational Legal Process in Action. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190912185.003.0003.
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This chapter illustrates how the counterstrategies of rope-a-dope and transnational legal process have played out since the start of the Trump Administration. The outside strategy of domestic litigation has been combined with other forms of external and internal pressure from many stakeholders in a wideranging effort to resist President Donald Trump’s draconian immigration policies, particularly the Travel Ban, or Muslim Ban. The chapter also describes the core strategy of internalized bureaucratic resistance to efforts to reimpose torture as an “enhanced interrogation tactic.” This counterstrategy, which gives meaning to the slogan “This is what democracy looks like,” will likely continue whether or not the Trump Administration successfully defends its immigration policies in the courts.
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Kotler, Philip. Stakeholder Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility: Pressures, Conflicts, and Reconciliation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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Kotler, Philip. Stakeholder Approach to Corporate Social Responsibility: Pressures, Conflicts, and Reconciliation. Taylor & Francis Group, 2016.
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McLaughlin, Colleen, i Alan Ruby, red. Implementing Educational Reform. Cambridge University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/9781108864800.
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There is constant pressure on governments and policy makers to raise the standard of education, and to develop appropriate curriculum and pedagogies for students. It is no easy task. This book presents eight specific case studies of education reform implementation which capture how the design and implementation choices of policy makers are shaped by national and historical contexts. They offer real examples of the choices and constraints faced by policymakers and practitioners. The cases are a mix of nationally and locally mandated reforms with five examples from nations where the state initiated and guided reforms. The concluding synthesis chapter highlights commonalities and differences across the cases and disparate responses to shared concerns. Providing a breadth of real-world research, it will assist policy makers, practitioners and other stakeholders interested in system change.
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Schäfer, Mike S. How Changing Media Structures Are Affecting Science News Coverage. Redaktorzy Kathleen Hall Jamieson, Dan M. Kahan i Dietram A. Scheufele. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190497620.013.5.
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Many citizens and decision-makers obtain information about science mainly, or even exclusively, from news and online media. Accordingly, social science has devoted considerable attention to the analysis of science news coverage. A review of this literature reveals a number of ongoing, substantial transformations: In line with the crisis of legacy media, the rise of online communication, and the extension of PR by many societal stakeholders, science communication is changing. Science journalism has come under pressure in publishing houses, and science journalists’ working conditions have worsened. The amount of science news coverage is stagnating, albeit after a rise that lasted several decades, and seems to navigate toward either a more controversial reporting about politicized issues such as gene editing or a less critical “churnalism” that is more strongly influenced by PR efforts than before. The implications of these changes for science communication and societal decisions regarding science communication are considered.
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Drauth, Carlo Manuel. DAX-Firms and Human Rights: Understanding Institutional and Stakeholder Pressures along the Value Chain. Springer VS, 2017.
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Mariniello, Mario. Digital Economic Policy. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198831471.001.0001.
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Abstract The emergence of new technologies and business models such as data analytics, online platforms, and artificial intelligence has shaken the economy and society at their foundations. Recently, it has become apparent that public authorities must take a pro-active role to define the rules of the newly emerged markets before potential issues and concerns cement. How rules are currently written determines who will exert a stronger influence on the economy and society in the coming years. This is a key reason why digital policymakers are currently exposed to tremendous pressure by stakeholders. This book takes a journey through all the main areas in the digital economy that beg for policy action. Readers may learn about the general features of a digital economy and the EU long-term strategic plans to govern it. They may learn about telecom markets, the data economy, the digitization of the public sector, cybersecurity, the platform economy, liability for online content, e-commerce, the sharing economy, the impact of technology on labour markets, digital inequality, disinformation, and artificial intelligence. This book primarily aims to provide students with the background knowledge and analytical tools necessary to understand, analyse, and assess the impact of EU digital policies on the European economy and society. The approach is both theoretical and applied. The main goal is to prepare students to give informed and economically sound advice to an EU policymaker for digital affairs.
Części książek na temat "Stakeholders pressure"
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Ionescu-Somers, Aileen, i Ulrich Steger. "The Pressure of Stakeholders". W Business Logic for Sustainability, 78–111. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230583504_4.
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Liu, Xiaoyuan. "Corporate Philanthropy in China: Response to Institutional Pressure and Stakeholders’ Requirements". W Handbook of Chinese Management, 1–10. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-2442-9_6-1.
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Păunescu, Carmen, Anna Nikina-Ruohonen i Yulia Stukalina. "Fostering Research with Societal Impact in Higher Education Institutions: A Review and Conceptualization". W Innovation, Technology, and Knowledge Management, 153–78. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-84044-0_8.
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AbstractThere is an increasing pressure on Higher Education Institutions (HEIs) to produce societally relevant and impactful research, and to actively engage with non-academic stakeholders who are looking for answers to their challenges. This is a special challenge for social sciences, such as business, management, entrepreneurship, as opposed to natural sciences that rely largely on quantifiable data and statistics. The present chapter addresses this challenge and introduces the dimensions of societal impact of research produced by HEIs and describes the mechanism through which HEIs can provide impactful research needed for economic competitiveness and societal well-being. Illustrations are offered on how HEIs can boost their ability to transform the results of academic and applied research into beneficial knowledge and management practice for stakeholders, including business, industry, economy and civil society at large. The chapter sheds light on how to reinforce collaboration with non-academic stakeholders and partners within research and innovation ecosystems. To support the HEI’s work, a framework for managing research with societal impact in HEIs is proposed.
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Kremer, Monique, Robert Went i Godfried Engbersen. "Better Work: Conclusions and Recommendations". W Research for Policy, 163–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-78682-3_8.
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AbstractGood work is crucial for our well-being but is under pressure from the application of new technologies, the use of flexible employment contracts and the intensification of work. In this book we have argued that achieving better work – good work for everyone who can and wants to work – is a crucial mission for policymakers, employers and labour organizations. In this final chapter we advance recommendations for how the government and other stakeholders can promote better work for more people.
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Tangit, Tania Maria, i Rob Law. "Mobile Payments, Chinese Tourists, and Host Residents: Are Destination Stakeholders Prepared to Facilitate Mobile Payments?" W Information and Communication Technologies in Tourism 2021, 210–15. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-65785-7_18.
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AbstractMobile payment has become ubiquitous worldwide. It is a form of digital payment activity performed on-site from a mobile device (i.e. smartphone) for the purchase of goods and services using QR or NFC (contactless and proximity card) technology. This study examines destination stakeholders’ level of engagement and involvement in facilitating mobile payments (e.g., AliPay and WeChat Pay) for Chinese tourists. Sabah (Malaysian-Borneo), a popular island destination in Southeast Asia, was selected as the study site. Using a qualitative approach, 25 tourism and hospitality industry practitioners participated in a semi-structured, in-depth interview between February to July 2020. Preliminary results revealed that industry practitioners had been actively seeking to implement mobile payment facilities since late-2017, specifically in the retail sector, as they felt the pressure in accommodating the needs of Chinese tourists. This study offers insights into how industry practitioners address local consumers’ shift in payment usage-behaviours; from traditional forms of payments (e.g., cash and credit card) to mobile payments in light of the COVID-19 pandemic.
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Steger, Ulrich. "The Hype Behind Stakeholder Pressure". W Inside the Mind of the Stakeholder, 3–8. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-58265-5_1.
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Steger, Ulrich. "What is it with Stakeholder Pressure?" W Inside the Mind of the Stakeholder, 120–27. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-58265-5_5.
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Kloos, Michael. "Cultural Landscape Compatibility Study Upper Middle Rhine Valley – A Proactive Tool for Preventive Monitoring of Complex World Heritage Landscapes". W 50 Years World Heritage Convention: Shared Responsibility – Conflict & Reconciliation, 335–47. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-05660-4_26.
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AbstractIn recent years, many “living” cultural and urban landscapes on a large scale were inscribed on the World Heritage List. However, such complex World Heritage properties generate frequently challenges concerning their management due to transformations caused by to pressure to change. As a result, there is a need for new proactive systematic approaches to assess such transformations combining innovative technical solutions with a systematic approach to using attributes and values conveying their Outstanding Universal Value. Taking the World Heritage cultural landscape Upper Middle Rhine Valley as a case study, this paper investigates such a systematic instrument to monitor transformations and to assess their impact on the OUV and integrity of UNESCO World Heritage properties. It is concluded that such systematic technical instruments can be helpful to support strategies for an integrated management combining preservation and sustainable development. However, an in-depth theoretical knowledge of sites’ OUVs and attributes and values related thereby, as well as a sound integration in existing legislative frameworks and the participation of stakeholders on various levels is indispensable to guarantee their full effectiveness.
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Palavalli, Bharath M., Sruthi Krishnan i Yashwin Iddya. "Enabling Public Participation in Shaping the Inclusive Energy Transition Through Serious Gaming—Case Studies in India". W Shaping an Inclusive Energy Transition, 231–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-74586-8_10.
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AbstractTo create holistic plans for equitable access to energy and to create sustainable transition pathways, stakeholder consultation and engagement processes are essential. In India, the planning process for energy has challenges that range from legacy processes, increasing energy demand to fuel growth, pressures arising from competing (as well as new and old) technologies, to varying goals for all the stakeholders. We categorize these factors as institutional structures, geopolitical, environmental, technical, social, and monetary factors. To ensure a vision for a collective future and a coherent plan for energy, it is important that the processes enable participation and allow for co-ordination and interaction to strengthen dialogue. Processes should capture intangibles and include slack for events such as pandemics, which are no longer treated either as externalities or once-in-a-lifetime events. In this chapter, we give two examples of serious games as tools to address these challenges in the context of planning. The first example is of a game created for bureaucrats, decision-makers in the government, and private energy companies to plan collectively and compare results from various plans for energy expenditure in India. In the second case, the game aids transportation planning in urban India, which requires additional effort to ensure a transition to equitable access to energy. Using results from the game sessions, we illustrate how such methods can bridge gaps in energy planning in the diverse and challenging context of India.
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Casagrande, Marco. "The Progressive Regulation of the Passage of Large Cruise Ships in Venice: The Decision-Making Proceedings Between Law and Stakeholder Pressure". W Sustainable Development of Sea-Corridors and Coastal Waters, 185–95. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-11385-2_21.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Stakeholders pressure"
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Chen, Hua, i Yusheng Kong. "Research on Stakeholders Pressure on Chinese Listed Company's Environmental Information Disclosure". W 2011 International Conference on Information Management, Innovation Management and Industrial Engineering (ICIII). IEEE, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iciii.2011.88.
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Feldman, Matthew, i Kevin Connolly. "Laying the Groundwork for a Large-Scale Spent Nuclear Fuel Transportation System". W ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45921.
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The US Department of Energy Office of Nuclear Energy established the Nuclear Fuels Storage and Transportation Planning Project (NFST) to lay the groundwork for implementing interim storage of commercial spent nuclear fuel (SNF), including associated transportation activities. Progress is being made on long lead time, destination-independent aspects of the SNF transportation system in three areas: • Institutional: stakeholder interactions needed for system success, including development of a transportation plan, policy development to implement Nuclear Waste Policy Act Section 180(c), and identification of a preliminary suite of national transportation routes based on regulatory requirements and coordination with stakeholders with diverse interests. • Operational: activities required to run a large-scale transportation system; focus is on development of a new routing analysis tool, study of infrastructure near storage sites that may be de-inventoried first, and development of tools for modeling transportation activities. • Hardware: casks, railcars, and other items necessary to operate the system. Activities are primarily focused on development of railcars compliant with Association of American Railroads Standard S-2043 and studies on the use of rail casks and their ancillary equipment. NFST is making significant progress in all of these areas for a future transportation system to transport SNF from commercial reactors.
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Harmoni, Ati. "Official Website as a Means of Stakeholder Dialogue on Corporate Social Responsibility". W International Conference on Eurasian Economies. Eurasian Economists Association, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.36880/c03.00470.
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As part of the fulfillment of CSR, companies are expected to engage with its stakeholders through an activity called stakeholder dialogue. Stakeholders can demonstrate an interest and influence to the company through direct pressure or through the dissemination of information, acting formally or informally, individually or collectively. The dynamics of the relationship between companies and stakeholders, particularly through the Internet are becoming increasingly attractive because, on one side, the growing demand for transparency in the company - including transparency in CSR programs and activities - and advances in communications technology and information on the other side. This paper will review whether the company's official website allows the dialogue between companies and stakeholders, in particular about CSR. Considering the number of stakeholders who have different interest to the company then the company should provide information and appropriate means of communication for each stakeholder group. A survey conducted on the company website to analyse the facilities provided by the company on its website which is intended to CSR communication and dialogue with stakeholders. The companies selected for this study were public company listed on Indonesia Stock Exchange and included in Bisnis-27 index and must have an accessable official website. The study was conducted by observing information about CSR presented on the web and the used of web interactivity features. The results indicate that the company has tried to show information about the CSR on the website but not yet fully take advantage of the interactivity features to establish a dialogue with stakeholders.
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Malekzadeh, Omid, Matthew Monid i Michael Huang. "A Multi-Dimensional Approach to Design and Execution of Modifications, Refurbishments, and Beyond for Existing Nuclear Power Plants". W ASME 2020 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2020-21759.
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Abstract Three-Dimensional (3D) CAD models are utilized by many designers; however, they are rarely utilized to their full potential. The current mainstream method of design process and communication is through design documentation. They are limited in depth of information, compartmentalized by discipline, fragmented into various segments, communicated through numerous layers, and finally, printed onto an undersized paper by the stakeholders and end-users. Large nuclear projects, such as refurbishments and decommissioning, suffer from spatial, interface, and interreference challenges, unintentional cost and schedule overruns, and quality concerns that can be rooted to the misalignments between designed and in-situ or previously as-built conditions that tend to stem from inaccessibility and lack of adequate data resolution during the transfer of technical information. This paper will identify the technologies and the methodology used during several piping system modifications of existing nuclear power plants, and shares the lessons learned with respect to the benefits and shortcomings of the approach. Overall, it is beneficial to leverage available multi-dimensional technologies to enhance various engineering and execution phases. The utilization and superposition of various spatial models into 3D and 4D formats, enabled the modification projects to significantly reduce in-person plant walkdown efforts, provide highly accurate as-found data, and enable stakeholders of all disciplines and trades to review the as-found, as-designed, and simulated as-installed modification; including the steps in between without requiring significant plant visits. This approach will therefore reduce the field-initiated changes that tend to result in design/field variations; resulting in less reliance on Appendix T of ASME BPVC Section III, reduction in the design registration reconciliations efforts, and it aligns with the overarching goal of EPRI guideline NCIG-05. Beyond the benefits to design and execution, the multidimensional approach will provide highly accurate inputs to some of the nuclear safety’s Beyond Design Basis Assessments (BDBA) and allowed for the incorporation of actual design values as input and hence removing the unnecessary over-conservatisms within some of the inputs.
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McKillop, Suzanne, Paul Donavin i Robert Keating. "ASME Section III Standards Committee Fatigue Action Plan". W ASME 2021 Pressure Vessels & Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2021-61295.
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Abstract The ASME Code, Section III, provides rules for the evaluation of cyclic loading that include evaluations of fatigue. These rules were first developed in the 1960s along with the original development of Section III. Since then, technology and analytical advancements have improved our understanding of the fatigue phenomenon. As an example, the developments in environmentally assisted fatigue (EAF) have become a major consideration in the low-cycle fatigue for light water reactors and plant life extension. Fatigue usage has an outsized impact on the overall cost and complexity of nuclear plants, which goes beyond just the qualification of ASME components. For example, pipe break locations, pipe whip restraints, and inservice inspections are, in part, based on fatigue analysis results. Therefore, it is important that fatigue analyses provide the most realistic assessment of fatigue with appropriate conservatism. The Section III Standards Committee has been working to keep the Code up to date with the latest research, analysis tools and fatigue data. In 2017, a Fatigue Steering Committee was formed to provide a venue for stakeholders to identify and coordinate development of updated fatigue design criteria, analysis methods, and their associated physical and thermo-mechanical properties for application to Section III of the ASME BPV Code. The stakeholders include many international organizations including the Japan Society of Mechanical Engineers. Many PVP papers have been used as the basis for the Fatigue Action Plan items. The Steering Committee completed its work in 2019 with the adoption of a Fatigue Action Plan, which provided a vision for advanced fatigue approaches. The Fatigue Action Plan recommended specific Code actions and activities to guide and coordinate the Code actions in the area of fatigue. This paper outlines the overall Fatigue Action Plan and provides an update on the implementation progress. Section III has already accomplished several actions on the Fatigue Action Plan by publishing numerous Code Cases and Code revisions that have improved the analysis tools available to designers to address fatigue. This paper provides an overview and introduction to these Code Cases and other tools for designers. The Fatigue Action Plan was largely based on addressing the need for the light water reactor fleet to address low cycle thermal fatigue. The Committee also recognizes that going forward the Fatigue Action Plan must address the needs of the growing advanced reactor community as well as other users of the Code. The paper discusses these needs and Section III plans to meet these future needs.
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Fukumoto, Hajime, Yoru Wada, Hisao Matsunaga, Takeru Sano i Hiroshi Kobayashi. "Introduction of Technical Document in Japan for Safe Use of Ground Storage Vessels Made of Low Alloy Steels for Hydrogen Refueling Stations". W ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84099.
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As is well known, low alloy steels are widely used as materials for high pressure vessels because of their high tensile strength and reasonable price, but also show severe hydrogen embrittlement. Therefore, in 2016, the authors introduced a scenario for the safe use of low alloy steels in highly pressurized hydrogen gas as a “Guideline” at ASME PVP 2016 [1]. Following discussions with stakeholders and experts in recent years, we published Technical Document (TD) as an industrial standard prior to regulation, on the safe use of ground storage vessels made of low alloy steels in Hydrogen Refueling Stations (HRSs) based on performance requirements. This article presents an outline of the TD describing the required types of testing as performance requirements for confirming the good hydrogen compatibility of low alloy steels, such as controlling tensile strength in an appropriate range, confirming leak-before-break, determining the life of ground storage vessels by fatigue testing and determining the inspection term by fatigue crack growth analysis using the fatigue crack growth rate in highly pressurized hydrogen.
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Tran, Minh N., Michael R. Hill i Mitchell D. Olson. "Further Comments on Validation Approaches for Weld Residual Stress Simulation". W ASME 2015 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2015-45751.
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Tensile weld residual stress (WRS) in the presence of primary water has been identified as a main driver for stress corrosion cracking in dissimilar metal welds found in the cooling circuit of pressurized water reactors. Thus, WRS data are needed to support plant management decisions, and so are of interest to a broad range of stakeholders in pressure vessel technology. In an effort to validate predictive WRS models and quantify modeling uncertainty, the U.S. Nuclear Regulatory Commission (NRC) and the Electric Power Research Institute (EPRI) have cooperatively organized a research program on WRS. This paper is a follow-up to earlier work, which described a series of WRS data analysis methods that provide a range of figures of merit, from simple (e.g., root mean square difference from a benchmark) to complex (e.g., comparison of predicted crack growth behavior), that can be used to judge WRS data quality. The present work applies those methods to assess model outputs developed during the second NRC/EPRI international round robin study (Phase 2b) on WRS modeling. The results of exercising the data analysis methods are presented, and compared to results obtained from an analysis of data from the previous round robin (Phase 2a).
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Green, Lorne. "The Industry Commitment to Global Transport Safety Standards". W ASME 2006 Pressure Vessels and Piping/ICPVT-11 Conference. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2006-icpvt-11-93140.
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Standards and regulations have no intrinsic practical effect without taking into account those who are the object of them; standards and regulations do not become operationally effective until they are implemented by the entities which are subject to them. Accordingly, there is a necessary synergy between the regulator and the regulated — the regulators whose task it is to make and enforce the rules for safe, efficient and reliable transport, and those whose job it is to transport within the rules. The bottom line of transport safety regulation is safety, but safety is not a factor exclusively of the working of regulatory provisions. Stability, clarity and consistency in the international regulatory regime also are important to safety. The experience of the nuclear transport industry operating within the regulations has been positive. The issues which have arisen have related principally to differences in interpretation of the regulations by modal organisations and competent authorities coupled with different time schedules for implementation. Such differences take on added importance in the context of an accelerated two-year review cycle. It is the operators who have the experience of dealing with the international regulatory regime across jurisdictions. The periodic review of the international transport safety regime is important, but it may be that such review could be more fully informed by a sharing of experiences. Does a periodic review have of necessity to require proposals for change, or rather, shouldn’t such proposals flow from a review first, and then be advanced if deemed appropriate on the basis of the review? It is important to show confidence in a regulatory regime that has proven its effectiveness over several decades. All stakeholders to the regime benefit from stability. This paper will examine industry’s experience of operating within the two-year regulatory review process and present some suggestions for consideration. If industry is to be persuasive in urging greater regulatory harmonisation worldwide, it must work to develop consolidated industry positions on practical issues which it then can carry to the other stakeholders for consideration. This paper will cite specific examples of industry, within WNTI, working to develop such consolidated views.
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Pétesch, C., T. Lebarbé, C. Pascal i M. Blat-Yrieix. "RCC-MRx Code: Context, Overview, On-Going Developments". W ASME 2016 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2016-63227.
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RCC-MRx Code (ref 1) is the result of the merger of the RCC-MX 2008 developed in the context of the research reactor Jules Horowitz Reactor project, in the RCC-MR 2007 which set up rules applicable to the design of components operating at high temperature and to the Vacuum Vessel of ITER. This code has been issued in French and English versions by AFCEN (Association Française pour les règles de Conception et de Construction des Matériels des Chaudières Electro-nucléaires) in 2012, and a new edition was published at the end of 2015. A significant work has been performed for this edition to improve the code in order to facilitate its use and understandability, and also to have a better fit with the feedbacks of the users. In parallel, in compliance with the EC’s objectives and its own policy of openness, AFCEN proposes to make its codes evolve, taking into account the needs and expectations of European stakeholders (operators, designers, constructors, suppliers...) through a workshop called CWA phase 2. This paper gives an overview of the realized work and also will identify the work to be done for an opening of a standard such as RCC-MRx code.
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Pétesch, Cécile, Thierry Lebarbé, Odile Gelineau, Damien Vallot i Martine Blat-Yrieix. "2018 RCC-MRx Code Edition: Context, Overview, On-Going Developments". W ASME 2018 Pressure Vessels and Piping Conference. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/pvp2018-84706.
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The 2018 edition of the RCC-MRx Code (1) will be issued, by the end of the 2018, in French and English versions by AFCEN (Association Française pour les règles de Conception et de Construction des Matériels des Chaudières Electro-nucléaires). This Code set up rules applicable to research reactor components (coming from the RCC-MX 2008 developed in the context of the Jules Horowitz Reactor project), to reactor components operating at high temperature (coming from the RCC-MR 2007) and to the Vacuum Vessel of ITER (also coming from the RCC-MR 2007). This edition takes the benefits of an important feedback of the users, such as Jules Horowitz Reactor or ASTRID project, but also from ITER and MYRRHA projects. In parallel, in compliance with the EC’s objectives and its own policy of openness, AFCEN proposes to make its codes evolve, taking into account the needs and expectations of European stakeholders (operators, designers, constructors, suppliers ...) through a workshop called CEN Workshop 64 phase 2. The end of the workshop, planned for 2018, will allow to integrate recommendations issued from this work in the code. This paper gives an overview of the performed work and also identifies the work to be done for a development of a standard such as RCC-MRx code.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Stakeholders pressure"
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Subhani, MI. VIRTUAL INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON IS OPEN ACCESS KNOWLEDGE CRITICAL IN SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION? ILMA University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.46745/ilma.oric.conference.2021.01.
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Office of Research, Innovations & Commercialization, ILMA University as always plays a significant role of stimuli to provoke the understanding of publishing protocols among the publishers and other stakeholders of scholarly communications. In continuation to this role, Office of Research, Innovations & Commercialization-ILMA University is hosting a virtual international conference on IS OPEN ACCESS KNOWLEDGE CRITICAL IN SCHOLARLY COMMUNICATION? With this note, to spread growing significance of Open Access Knowledge in Scholarly Communication, I am extending an Official Invitation to your good self to attend this conference. During this extraordinary new normal time in an unprecedented year, there is no pressure to attend this conference. The conference has been designed to be as flexible as possible in the hopes that many people can participate to listen Conference KEYNOTE SPEAKERS from Higher Education Commission, Govt. of Pakistan, Web of Science, Elsevier, COPE, Creative Commons, SAGE Open, University of Jyväskylä, Finland, University De Quebec Montreal, Commonwealth University and Suan Sunandha Rajabhat University, Bangkok.
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Dudoit, Alain, Molivann Panot i Thierry Warin. Towards a multi-stakeholder Intermodal Trade-Transportation Data-Sharing and Knowledge Exchange Network. CIRANO, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.54932/mvne7282.
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The performance of supply chains used to be mainly the concern of academics and professionals who studied the potential efficiencies and risks associated with this aspect of globalisation. In 2021, major disruptions in this critical sector of our economies are making headlines and attracting the attention of policy makers around the world. Supply chain bottlenecks create shortages, fuel inflation, and undermine economic recovery. This report provides a transversal and multidisciplinary analysis of the challenges and opportunities regarding data interoperability and data sharing as they relate to the ‘Great Lakes - St. Lawrence Seaway Trade Corridor’ (GLSLTC)’s intermodal transportation and trade data strategy. The size and scope of this trade corridor are only matched by the complexity of its multimodal freight transportation systems and growing urbanization on both sides of the Canada-US border. This complexity is exacerbated by the lack of data interoperability and effective collaborations between the different stakeholders within the various jurisdictions and amongst them. Our analytical work relies on : 1) A review of the relevant documentation on the latest challenges to supply chains (SC), intermodal freight transport and international trade, identifying any databases that are to be used.; 2) A comparative review of selected relevant initiatives to give insights into the best practices in digital supply chains implemented in Canada, the United States, and the European Union.; 3) Interviews and discussions with experts from Transport Canada, Statistics Canada, the Canadian Centre on Transportation Data (CCTD) and Global Affairs Canada, as well as with CIRANO’s research community and four partner institutions to identify databases and data that they use in their research related to transportation and trade relevant data availabilities and methodologies as well as joint research opportunities. Its main findings can be summarized as follow: GLSLTC is characterized by its critical scale, complexity, and strategic impact as North America’s most vital trade corridor in the foreseeable further intensification of continental trade. 4% of Canadian GDP is attributed to the Transportation and Logistics sector (2018): $1 trillion of goods moved every year: Goods and services imports are equivalent to 33% of Canada’s GDP and goods and services exports equivalent to 32%. The transportation sector is a key contributor to the achievement of net-zero emissions commitment by 2050. All sectors of the Canadian economy are affected by global supply chain disruptions. Uncertainty and threats extend well beyond the COVID-19 Pandemic. “De-globalization” and increasing supply chains regionalization pressures are mounting. Innovation and thus economic performance—increasingly hinges on the quantity and quality of data. Data is transforming Canada’s economy/society and is now at the center of global trade “Transport data is becoming less available: Canada needs to make data a priority for a national transportation strategy.” * “How the Government of Canada collects, manages, and governs data—and how it accesses and shares data with other governments, sectors, and Canadians—must change.”
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Williams, Teshanee, Jamie McCall, Natalie Prochaska i Tamra Thetford. How Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) are shaped by Funders through Data Collection, Impact Measurement, and Evaluation. Carolina Small Business Development Fund, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.46712/cdfi.evaluation.pressures.
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Community Development Financial Institutions (CDFIs) are grassroots organizations that provide equitable access to financial capital. While a robust body of evidence supports the ability of CDFIs to promote holistic and sustainable development, attempts to systematically evaluate the industry have yielded disparate and often confounding results. We apply an institutional theory lens to examine challenges to meaningful data collection, impact measurement, and program evaluation. Our data show how regulators, major funders, and third-party rating organizations have applied indirect and direct pressures that have systematically lowered the capacity of nonprofit CDFI loan funds. This combination of coercive, mimetic, and normative isomorphic forces has (1) hampered meaningful data collection, (2) created a lack of staff expertise in these areas, (3) raised the cost and complexity of utilizing technology systems to improve evaluation processes, and (4) fostered industry norms which de-prioritize meaningful evaluation. The data suggest several ways for stakeholders to improve these trends. For example, funders might consider providing support which builds organizational capacity via unrestricted operating grants and recurring financial commitments.
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Mehmood, Hamid. Bibliometrics of Water Research: A Global Snapshot. United Nations University Institute for Water, Environment and Health, maj 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.53328/eybt8774.
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This report examines the various dimensions of global water-related research over the 2012-2017 period, using extensive bibliographic data. The review covers trends in water-related publications and citations, the relative importance of water-related research in the overall body of scientific research, flows of water-related knowledge between countries and the dynamics of water research publishing opportunities. In summary, it shows that: less than 50% of all countries are publishing water-related research, that China and USA are the two top publishers, and that China’s publishing rate has been growing steadily over the study period. More than 70% of water related publications originating in USA are being cited globally, while China’s water research output appears to be primarily internally cited at present. Analysis of the global water knowledge flows suggests that research is hardly addressing a range of regional water challenges. Countries with protracted water problems – for example in infrastructure, environment, agriculture, energy solutions – do not seem to be at the forefront of water research production or knowledge transfer. Instead, global water research is reliant on Western, particularly US-produced, scientific outputs. A disconnect is also observed between the percentage increase in the publication and the number of citations, suggesting low quality or a narrow focus of many publications. Among other factors, this may reflect the pressure on researchers to contribute a certain number of publications per year, or of the progressively increasing role of grey literature in scientific discourse that ‘diverts’ some citation flow. Analysis of the number of research publications per million people suggests that water research does not necessarily emerge as a reaction to water scarcity in a specific country, but may be driven by the traditional economic value of water supply, geopolitical location, a focus on regional development - including cross-border water management - or development aid spending, or globally applicable research in water management. The proportion of water research in the overall research output of a country is small, including for some of the top-publishing countries. The number of water-related journals that create opportunities for publishing water research, has grown dramatically in absolute terms since 2000, and is now close 2100 journals. The metrics used in this report are based on readily available bibliographic data. They can be further focused to better understand a specific thematic domain, geographical region or country, or to analyze a different period. To help accelerate solutions to global and national water challenges that many of these research papers are highlighting, the water research community needs to look beyond the research ‘box’ and identify ways to measure development impact of water research programmes, rather ‘impact’ based solely on academic impact measured in citations. The research findings, learning and knowledge in these research publications needs to be conveyed in a practical way to the real users of this knowledge – stakeholders who are beyond research circles.
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Munoz, Laura, Giulia Mascagni, Wilson Prichard i Fabrizio Santoro. Should Governments Tax Digital Financial Services? A Research Agenda to Understand Sector-Specific Taxes on DFS. Institute of Development Studies (IDS), luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/ictd.2022.002.
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Digital financial services (DFS) have rapidly expanded across Africa and other low-income countries. At the same time, low-income countries face strong pressures to increase domestic resource mobilisation, and major challenges in taxing the digital economy. A growing number are therefore advancing or considering new taxes on DFS. These have generated much debate and there are significant disagreements over the rationale for the taxes and their likely impacts. This paper examines three key questions that could help governments and other stakeholders to better understand the rationale for, and impacts of, different decisions around taxing DFS – and to arrive at policies that best meet competing needs. First, what is the rationale for imposing specific taxes on money transfers or mobile money in particular? Second, and most importantly, what is the likely impact of DFS taxes? Third, how do the policy processes through which taxes on DFS and money transfers are introduced function in practice? The paper looks at the core principles of good taxation and presents the existing debate around whether taxes on DFS observe them. It explains why understanding the landscape of financial services is essential to designing suitable tax policies and lays out a framework for developing the necessary analysis of the impacts of taxes on DFS. It also highlights the importance of better understanding the processes that give rise to these taxes.
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Phillips, Jake. Understanding the impact of inspection on probation. Sheffield Hallam University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.7190/shu.hkcij.05.2021.
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This research sought to understand the impact of probation inspection on probation policy, practice and practitioners. This important but neglected area of study has significant ramifications because the Her Majesty’s Inspectorate of Probation has considerable power to influence policy through its inspection regime and research activities. The study utilised a mixed methodological approach comprising observations of inspections and interviews with people who work in probation, the Inspectorate and external stakeholders. In total, 77 people were interviewed or took part in focus groups. Probation practitioners, managers and leaders were interviewed in the weeks after an inspection to find out how they experienced the process of inspection. Staff at HMI Probation were interviewed to understand what inspection is for and how it works. External stakeholders representing people from the voluntary sector, politics and other non-departmental bodies were interviewed to find out how they used the work of inspection in their own roles. Finally, leaders within the National Probation Service and Her Majesty’s Prisons and Probation Service were interviewed to see how inspection impacts on policy more broadly. The data were analysed thematically with five key themes being identified. Overall, participants were positive about the way inspection is carried out in the field of probation. The main findings are: 1. Inspection places a burden on practitioners and organisations. Practitioners talked about the anxiety that a looming inspection created and how management teams created additional pressures which were hard to cope with on top of already high workloads. Staff responsible for managing the inspection and with leadership positions talked about the amount of time the process of inspection took up. Importantly, inspection was seen to take people away from their day jobs and meant other priorities were side-lined, even if temporarily. However, the case interviews that practitioners take part in were seen as incredibly valuable exercises which gave staff the opportunity to reflect on their practice and receive positive feedback and validation for their work. 2. Providers said that the findings and conclusions from inspections were often accurate and, to some extent, unsurprising. However, they sometimes find it difficult to implement recommendations due to reports failing to take context into account. Negative reports have a serious impact on staff morale, especially for CRCs and there was concern about the impact of negative findings on a provider’s reputation. 3. External stakeholders value the work of the Inspectorate. The Inspectorate is seen to generate highly valid and meaningful data which stakeholders can use in their own roles. This can include pushing for policy reform or holding government to account from different perspectives. In particular, thematic inspections were seen to be useful here. 4. The regulatory landscape in probation is complex with an array of actors working to hold providers to account. When compared to other forms of regulation such as audit or contract management the Inspectorate was perceived positively due to its methodological approach as well as the way it reflects the values of probation itself. 5. Overall, the inspectorate appears to garner considerable legitimacy from those it inspects. This should, in theory, support the way it can impact on policy and practice. There are some areas for development here though such as more engagement with service users. While recognising that the Inspectorate has made a concerted effort to do this in the last two years participants all felt that more needs to be done to increase that trust between the inspectorate and service users. Overall, the Inspectorate was seen to be independent and 3 impartial although this belief was less prevalent amongst people in CRCs who argued that the Inspectorate has been biased towards supporting its own arguments around reversing the now failed policy of Transforming Rehabilitation. There was some debate amongst participants about how the Inspectorate could, or should, enforce compliance with its recommendations although most people were happy with the primarily relational way of encouraging compliance with sanctions for non-compliance being considered relatively unnecessary. To conclude, the work of the Inspectorate has a significant impact on probation policy, practice and practitioners. The majority of participants were positive about the process of inspection and the Inspectorate more broadly, notwithstanding some of the issues raised in the findings. There are some developments which the Inspectorate could consider to reduce the burden inspection places on providers and practitioners and enhance its impact such as amending the frequency of inspection, improving the feedback given to practitioners and providing more localised feedback, and working to reduce or limit perceptions of bias amongst people in CRCs. The Inspectorate could also do more to capture the impact it has on providers and practitioners – both positive and negative - through existing procedures that are in place such as post-case interview surveys and tracking the implementation of recommendations.
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Best Practices for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Programs. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:122281.
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The Best Practices Guide for CVD Prevention describes and summarizes scientific evidence behind 8 effective strategies for lowering high blood pressure and cholesterol levels that can be implemented in health care systems and that involve community-clinical links. The guide is a resource for state and local health departments, decision makers, public health professionals, and other stakeholders interested in using proven strategies to improve cardiovascular health.
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Best Practices for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention Programs. National Center for Chronic Disease Prevention and Health Promotion (U.S.)., listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.15620/cdc:122290.
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The Best Practices Guide for CVD Prevention describes and summarizes scientific evidence behind 8 effective strategies for lowering high blood pressure and cholesterol levels that can be implemented in health care systems and that involve community-clinical links. The guide is a resource for state and local health departments, decision makers, public health professionals, and other stakeholders interested in using proven strategies to improve cardiovascular health.
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Stakeholder Pressure Leads to Significant Environmental Strategy Adoption. IEDP Ideas for Leaders, wrzesień 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.13007/750.
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