Artykuły w czasopismach: „Spiritual Outcomes”

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Hulett, Jennifer M., i Jane M. Armer. "A Systematic Review of Spiritually Based Interventions and Psychoneuroimmunological Outcomes in Breast Cancer Survivorship". Integrative Cancer Therapies 15, nr 4 (26.07.2016): 405–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1534735416636222.

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Objective. This is a review of spiritually based interventions (eg, mindfulness-based stress reduction) that utilized psychoneuroimmunological (PNI) outcome measures in breast cancer survivors. Specifically, this review sought to examine the evidence regarding relationships between spiritually based interventions, psychosocial-spiritual outcomes, and biomarker outcomes in breast cancer survivors. Methods. A systematic search of 9 online databases was conducted for articles of original research, peer-reviewed, randomized and nonrandomized control trials from 2005-2015. Data were extracted in order to answer selected questions regarding relationships between psychosocial-spiritual and physiological measures utilized in spiritually based interventions. Implications for future spiritually based interventions in breast cancer survivorship are discussed. Results. Twenty-two articles were reviewed. Cortisol was the most common PNI biomarker outcome studied. Compared with control groups, intervention groups demonstrated positive mental health outcomes and improved or stable neuroendocrine-immune profiles, although limitations exist. Design methods have improved with regard to increased use of comparison groups compared with previous reviews. There are few spiritually based interventions that specifically measure religious or spiritual constructs. Similarly, there are few existing studies that utilize standardized religious or spiritual measures with PNI outcome measures. Findings suggest that a body of knowledge now exists in support of interventions with mindfulness-breathing-stretching components; furthermore, these interventions appear to offer potential improvement or stabilization of neuroendocrine-immune activity in breast cancer survivors compared to control groups. Conclusion. From a PNI perspective, future spiritually based interventions should include standardized measures of religiousness and spirituality in order to understand relationships between and among religiousness, spirituality, and neuroendocrine-immune outcomes. Future research should now focus on determining the minimum dose and duration needed to improve or stabilize neuroendocrine-immune function, as well as diverse setting needs, including home-based practice for survivors who are too ill to travel to group sessions or lack economic resources.

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van Ommen, Léon. "Spiritual care". Theology 121, nr 1 (styczeń 2018): 43–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040571x17719676.

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This article reviews four books on spiritual care in various chaplaincy and counselling settings. Before discussing the books individually, some tensions in the field of spiritual care and chaplaincy are highlighted: the relationship between religion and spirituality, the call for generic caregiving and the demand for tangible outcomes of spiritual care.

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Viftrup, Dorte Toudal, Niels Christian Hvidt i Niels Buus. "Spiritually and Religiously Integrated Group Psychotherapy: A Systematic Literature Review". Evidence-Based Complementary and Alternative Medicine 2013 (2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/274625.

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We systematically reviewed the research literature on spiritually and religiously integrated group psychotherapy to answer the following three questions: first, how are spirituality and religiosity defined; second, how are spiritual and religious factors characterized and integrated into group psychotherapy; and, third, what is the outcome of the group psychotherapies? We searched in two databases: PsycINFO and PubMed. Inclusion and exclusion criteria and checklists from standardized assessment tools were applied to the research literature. Qualitative and quantitative papers were included. In total, 8 articles were considered eligible for the review. Findings from the evaluation suggested that the concepts of spirituality and religiosity were poorly conceptualized and the way in which spiritual and religious factors were integrated into such group psychotherapies, which distinguished it from other types of group psychotherapies, was not fully conceptualized or understood either. However, clear and delimited conceptualization of spiritual and religious factors is crucial in order to be able to conclude the direct influences of spiritual or religious factors on outcomes. Implications for spiritually or religiously integrated group psychotherapy and conducting research in this field are propounded.

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Currier, Joseph M., Joshua D. Foster, Charlotte vanOyen Witvliet, Alexis D. Abernethy, Lindsey M. Root Luna, Sarah A. Schnitker, Karl VanHarn i Janet Carter. "Spiritual struggles and mental health outcomes in a spiritually integrated inpatient program". Journal of Affective Disorders 249 (kwiecień 2019): 127–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2019.02.012.

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Oh, Pok-Ja, i Young-Hyun Kim. "Meta-Analysis of Spiritual Intervention Studies on Biological, Psychological, and Spiritual Outcomes". Journal of Korean Academy of Nursing 42, nr 6 (2012): 833. http://dx.doi.org/10.4040/jkan.2012.42.6.833.

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Fox, Jesse, Daniel Gutierrez, Jessica Haas i Stephanie Durnford. "Centering prayer’s effects on psycho-spiritual outcomes: a pilot outcome study". Mental Health, Religion & Culture 19, nr 4 (20.04.2016): 379–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13674676.2016.1203299.

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Oyewunmi, Adebukola E., Ebes Esho i Olabode A. Oyewunmi. "Spiritual Intelligence and Employee Outcomes in an African Sample". Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion 18, nr 2 (30.04.2021): 151–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.51327/zpdn7247.

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A chorus of scholarly voices has echoed the significance of spiritual intelligence in organizational settings. This paper provides fresh insights by investigating the relationship between spiritual intelligence (SI) and workplace outcomes using David King's four-factor Spiritual Intelligence SelfReport Inventory (SISRI-24). The study was conducted in Nigeria, a sub-Saharan African country, using a sample of 216 employees of a private university selected in a non- probabilistic sample. There was a significant relationship between SI and workplace outcomes such as job performance, job commitment, and job satisfaction. However, the effects of the dimensions of SI on workplace outcomes are varied. These results bring to fore the existence of possible variations in the meaning and dimensions of spiritual intelligence; and their effects on workplace outcomes across contexts. As spiritual intelligence correlates with positive employee outcomes, organizations should invest in discovering, developing, and deploying this domain of intelligence.

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Pandya, Samta P. "Teaching spiritual techniques in continuing education programmes to train older adults for community service and volunteer work contributes to self-efficacy and prosocial behaviours: A five-year follow-up study in four South Asian cities". Journal of Adult and Continuing Education 26, nr 1 (13.08.2019): 73–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1477971419869359.

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This article presents a five-year follow-up waitlist control design study investigating the impact of a spiritual education programme on self-efficacy and prosocial behaviours of South Asian older adults participating in adult and continuing education initiatives of volunteer work and community service. Intervention group older adults (IN2 = 321) reported higher scores on outcome measures as compared to the waitlist control group (CN2 = 303). Post-intervention outcome scores were higher for participants from Mumbai and Kathmandu, women, middle class, Hindus and Buddhists, single, highly educated, in good health, with an innate desire to volunteer, who attended more than 75% of the spiritual education programme lessons and regularly self-practiced. Self-practice was the strongest predictor of post-test outcomes. Structural equation models indicated that spiritual education programme attendance and self-practice mediated the relationship between socio-demographic moderators and outcomes. The spiritual education programme is a useful intervention and can be incorporated in adult and continuing education training programmes with some refinements for specific subgroups.

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Jarkko, Kari. "Outcomes of Information: An Analysis of Spiritual Messages". Open Information Science Journal 3, nr 1 (8.02.2011): 63–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874947x01103010063.

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Harahap, Aisah, i Ayi Darmana. "Pembelajaran PBL Menggunakan Bahan Ajar Terintegrasi Nilai Spiritual untuk Meningkatkan Hasil Belajar dan Sikap Spiritual". Jurnal Inovasi Pembelajaran Kimia 2, nr 2 (30.10.2020): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.24114/jipk.v2i2.19393.

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In the administration of education in Indonesia, it is usually only oriented towards the goal of making students into knowledgeable people, especially cognitive knowledge, while the spiritual value of students does not get the attention of educators. So that researchers are interested in conducting this research which aims to determine differences in student learning outcomes taught with integrated teaching materials of spiritual values and SMA/MA textbooks, differences in students' spiritual attitudes before and after being taught with teaching materials integrated spiritual values and the relationship between learning outcomes with attitudes spiritual students. Sampling using the Random Sampling technique. The instruments used were test and questionnaire instruments. Data analysis in the form of Independent Sample T-Test, Paired Sample T-Test and Correlation using IBM SPSS Statistics 22 for Windows. From the results of the study it can be concluded that there are differences in student learning outcomes taught by using integrated spiritual values teaching materials and SMA/MA textbooks, there are differences in students' spiritual attitudes before and after being taught with teaching materials integrated spiritual values and there is a relationship between learning outcomes and spiritual attitudes of students

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Poll, Justin B., i Timothy B. Smith. "The Spiritual Self: Toward a Conceptualization of Spiritual Identity Development". Journal of Psychology and Theology 31, nr 2 (czerwiec 2003): 129–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/009164710303100204.

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Both researchers and practitioners have demonstrated considerable interest in identity development, and positive personal identities have been associated with numerous positive mental health outcomes. However, major theories of identity development have neglected the salience of spiritual identity, even though the early work of William James placed this as a central component of personality. This article reviews four major theories of identity development (cognitive, psychodynamic, systems, and narrative) and suggests spiritual identity parallels to these theories. A tentative model of spiritual identity development is presented. Implications for therapy and future research concerning spiritual identity development are discussed.

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Astawan, I. Gede, i Dewa Nyoman Sudana. "THE IMPLEMENTATION OF QUANTUM LEARNING MODEL USING SOCIAL-SPIRITUAL VALUE THROUGH LESSON STUDY TO IMPROVE SOCIAL-SPIRITUAL ATTITUDES AND LEARNING RESULTS OF SCIENCE II BASIC CONCEPT". Journal of Psychology and Instructions 2, nr 3 (21.12.2018): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.23887/jpai.v2i3.16429.

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The research objectives were (1) to improve the social-spiritual attitudes of students through the application of quantum learning models containing social-spiritual values through lesson study. (2) To improve the learning outcomes of students' basic science II science concepts through the application of quantum learning models containing social-spiritual values through lesson study. The method used to achieve the above objectives is the method of action research. The data collected were social-spiritual attitudes with questionnaires and the learning outcomes the basic concepts of science II with tests. The data analysis technique used is descriptive statistics. The research findings are (1) the application of quantum learning models containing social-spiritual values through lesson study can improve students' social-spiritual attitudes. This can be seen increasing from cycle I to cycle II at 13.28%. (2) Application of quantum learning models containing social-spiritual values through lesson study can improve learning outcomes of students' basic science II concepts. This can be seen increasing from cycle I to cycle II at 12.25%. Based on the findings of this study, it is recommended that teachers / lecturers use the quantum learning model with the value of social-spiritual attitudes as an alternative to innovative learning models in order to improve the social-spiritual attitudes and learning outcomes of students. Further researchers are advised to examine in a relatively longer time to see the effectiveness of the quantum learning model with the value of social-spiritual attitudes in improving the social-spiritual attitudes and learning outcomes of students

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Gokani, Ravi. "“Client Transformation”: Spiritual and Non-Spiritual Outcomes for Social Service Recipients of Evangelical Faith-Based Organisations". Religions 12, nr 8 (23.07.2021): 569. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel12080569.

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This brief paper outlines the various ways that Canadian Evangelical faith-based organisations in Southern Ontario effect “client transformation”. Data from qualitative interviews, focus groups, and surveys administered to clients and providers in faith-based organizations yielded two types of outcomes—spiritual and non-spiritual. Regarding the latter, I suggest two sub-types of non-spiritual outcomes: (a) socio-behavioural and (b) psycho-affective changes. I also suggest three major types of spiritual outcomes: (a) growing in Christianity, (b) warming to Christianity, and (c) accepting Christianity. I conclude with a discussion about implications and limitations of the study for the scholarship on faith-based organizations.

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Hasmi, Lili. "Hubungan Kecerdasan Spiritual (SQ) dengan Hasil Belajar Bahasa Indonesia". Jurnal Kajian Bahasa, Sastra dan Pengajaran (KIBASP) 3, nr 1 (25.12.2019): 104–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/kibasp.v3i1.904.

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The purpose of this study was to describe Spiritual Question outcomes of Indonesian students in class VII SMP N 5 Kota Bukittinggi. The method used was the correlation method. The results found that there was a significant relationship between Spiritual Question and Indonesian language learning outcomes because the results of hypothesis testing proved that tcount was greater than ttable namely, 2.182> 1.708. Thus the results of this study there is a significant relationship between Spiritual Question with Indonesian language learning outcomes Keywords: Spiritual Question, Learning Achievement

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Yang, Grace Meijuan, Yung Ying Tan, Yin Bun Cheung, Weng Kit Lye, Sock Hui Amy Lim, Wan Ru Ng, Christina Puchalski i Patricia Soek Hui Neo. "Effect of a spiritual care training program for staff on patient outcomes". Palliative and Supportive Care 15, nr 4 (29.11.2016): 434–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951516000894.

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ABSTRACTObjective:Physicians and nurses do not assess spirituality routinely, even though spiritual care is a vital part of palliative care for patients with an advanced serious illness. The aim of our study was to determine whether a training program for healthcare professionals on spirituality and the taking of a spiritual history would result in improved patient quality of life (QoL) and spiritual well-being.Method:This was a cluster-controlled trial of a spiritual care training program for palliative care doctors and nurses. Three of seven clinical teams (clusters) received the intervention, while the other four served as controls. Included patients were newly referred to the palliative care service, had an estimated survival of more than one month, and were aware of their diagnosis and prognosis. The primary outcome measure was the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy–Spiritual Well-Being (FACIT–Sp) patient-reported questionnaire, which patients completed at two timepoints. Total FACIT–Sp score includes the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–General (FACT–G) questionnaire, which measures overall quality of life, as well as a spiritual well-being score.Results:Some 144 patients completed the FACIT–Sp at both timepoints—74 in the control group and 70 in the intervention group. The change in overall quality of life, measured by change in FACT–G scores, was 3.89 points (95% confidence interval [CI95%] = –0.42 to 8.19, p = 0.076) higher in the intervention group than in the control group. The difference between the intervention and control groups in terms of change in spiritual well-being was 0.32 (CI95% = –2.23 to 2.88, p = 0.804).Significance of results:A brief spiritual care training program can possibly help bring about enhanced improvement of global patient QoL, but the effect on patients' spiritual well-being was not as evident in our participants. Further study with larger sample sizes is needed to allow for more definite conclusions to be drawn.

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Alhouti, Sarah, i Giles D’Souza. "Benefits of corporate social responsibility". Journal of Consumer Marketing 35, nr 3 (14.05.2018): 277–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jcm-08-2016-1895.

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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to determine how consumers benefit from corporate social responsibility (CSR) and whether spiritual benefits are a stronger outcome of CSR. Design/methodology/approach Items for values are developed and tested prior to their inclusion in an experiment that manipulates the presence and absence of CSR. A structural equation model is used to test the mediation effect of perceived value on the relationship between CSR and consumer outcomes. A chi-square test is used to compare the magnitude of the significant effects. Findings CSR influences spiritual, status, efficiency and aesthetic benefits equally. Spiritual benefits is a stronger predictor of attitude and personal satisfaction than efficiency and status benefits. Originality/value Conceptual and qualitative findings in the literature demonstrate that CSR is associated with spiritual benefits. This study quantitatively tests not only how CSR influences various benefits but also how those effects compare to the relationship between CSR and spiritual benefits. The examination of the effect of CSR benefits on consumer outcomes reveals that the types of benefits do not have identical effects.

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Ichihara, Kaori, Sayako Ouchi, Sachiko Okayama, Fukiko Kinoshita, Mitsunori Miyashita, Tatsuya Morita i Keiko Tamura. "Effectiveness of spiritual care using spiritual pain assessment sheet for advanced cancer patients: A pilot non-randomized controlled trial". Palliative and Supportive Care 17, nr 1 (26.01.2019): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951518000901.

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AbstractObjectiveTo obtain preliminary knowledge to design a randomized controlled trial to clarify the effects of spiritual care using the Spiritual Pain Assessment Sheet (SpiPas).MethodThe study was designed as a nonrandomized controlled trial. The study took place between January 2015 and July 2015 in a hematology and oncology ward and two palliative care units in Japan. Among 54 eligible patients with advanced cancer, 46 were recruited (24 in the control group vs. 22 in the intervention group). The intervention group received spiritual care using SpiPas and usual care; the control group received usual care. The primary outcome was the Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual (FACIT-Sp). The secondary outcomes were the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) and Comprehensive Quality of Life Outcome (CoQoLo).ResultA total of 33 (72%) and 23 (50%) patients completed 2- and 3-week follow-up evaluations, respectively. The differences in the changes during 2 weeks in total scores of FACIT-Sp and HADS were significant (95% confidence intervals, 3.65, 14.4, p < 0.01; –11.2 to –1.09, p = .02, respectively). No significant changes were observed in the total score of CoQoLo.Significance of resultsSpiritual care using the SpiPas might be useful for improving patient spiritual well-being. This controlled clinical trial could be performed and a future clinical trial is promising if outcomes are obtained within 2 weeks.

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Shields, Michele, Allison Kestenbaum i Laura B. Dunn. "Spiritual AIM and the work of the chaplain: A model for assessing spiritual needs and outcomes in relationship". Palliative and Supportive Care 13, nr 1 (10.03.2014): 75–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1478951513001120.

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AbstractObjective:Distinguishing the unique contributions and roles of chaplains as members of healthcare teams requires the fundamental step of articulating and critically evaluating conceptual models that guide practice. However, there is a paucity of well-described spiritual assessment models. Even fewer of the extant models prescribe interventions and describe desired outcomes corresponding to spiritual assessments.Method:This article describes the development, theoretical underpinnings, and key components of one model, called the Spiritual Assessment and Intervention Model (Spiritual AIM). Three cases are presented that illustrate Spiritual AIM in practice. Spiritual AIM was developed over the past 20 years to address the limitations of existing models. The model evolved based in part on observing how different people respond to a health crisis and what kinds of spiritual needs appear to emerge most prominently during a health crisis.Results:Spiritual AIM provides a conceptual framework for the chaplain to diagnose an individual's primary unmet spiritual need, devise and implement a plan for addressing this need through embodiment/relationship, and articulate and evaluate the desired and actual outcome of the intervention. Spiritual AIM's multidisciplinary theory is consistent with the goals of professional chaplaincy training and practice, which emphasize the integration of theology, recognition of interpersonal dynamics, cultural humility and competence, ethics, and theories of human development.Significance of Results:Further conceptual and empirical work is needed to systematically refine, evaluate, and disseminate well-articulated spiritual assessment models such as Spiritual AIM. This foundational work is vital to advancing chaplaincy as a theoretically grounded and empirically rigorous healthcare profession.

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Phuong, V. Nguyen, Tran T. Khoa, Hai Dao Khanh i Phi Dinh Ho. "The Role of Leader’s Spiritual Leadership on Organisation Outcomes". Asian Academy of Management Journal 23, nr 2 (2018): 45–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.21315/aamj2018.23.2.3.

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Meisenhelder, Janice Bell, i John P. Marcum. "Terrorism, Post-traumatic Stress, Coping Strategies, and Spiritual Outcomes". Journal of Religion and Health 48, nr 1 (15.07.2008): 46–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10943-008-9192-z.

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Kass, Jared D., Richard Friedman, Jane Leserman, Patricia C. Zuttermeister i Herbert Benson. "Health Outcomes and a New Index of Spiritual Experience". Journal for the Scientific Study of Religion 30, nr 2 (czerwiec 1991): 203. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/1387214.

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Visser, Anja, Nicoline Uwland-Sikkema, Gerben J. Westerhof i Bert Garssen. "The Role of the Spiritual Meaning System in Coping with Cancer". Religions 11, nr 1 (19.01.2020): 49. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11010049.

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Spirituality can support the adjustment process of people with cancer, by forming a meaning system that supports understanding of the cause and implications of the experience and that provides coping strategies. The different ways in which spiritual meaning systems might fulfill these roles were examined among 20 people who were treated for cancer with curative intent. Narrative interviews were held on average 16 months after cancer diagnosis. The interviews were analyzed in a two-stage process, based on a holistic content approach. The first stage led to the identification of various roles and outcomes of the meaning system. The second stage involved a comparison of these roles and outcomes between previously defined types of meaning systems. The roles identified were discrepancy, legitimation and continuation. Legitimation was associated with the outcome of integration, whereas continuation was associated with an outcome of a positive outlook toward the future. Several differences were found between types of meaning systems, regarding the extent to which and ways in which these roles and outcomes occurred. This study underscores recommendations that healthcare professionals should be aware of the different ways in which the patient’s previous beliefs and experiences influence their current adaptation to serious life events.

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Breitbart, William, Shannon Poppito, Barry Rosenfeld, Andrew J. Vickers, Yuelin Li, Jennifer Abbey, Megan Olden i in. "Pilot Randomized Controlled Trial of Individual Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy for Patients With Advanced Cancer". Journal of Clinical Oncology 30, nr 12 (20.04.2012): 1304–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1200/jco.2011.36.2517.

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Purpose Spiritual well-being and sense of meaning are important concerns for clinicians who care for patients with cancer. We developed Individual Meaning-Centered Psychotherapy (IMCP) to address the need for brief interventions targeting spiritual well-being and meaning for patients with advanced cancer. Patients and Methods Patients with stage III or IV cancer (N = 120) were randomly assigned to seven sessions of either IMCP or therapeutic massage (TM). Patients were assessed before and after completing the intervention and 2 months postintervention. Primary outcome measures assessed spiritual well-being and quality of life; secondary outcomes included anxiety, depression, hopelessness, symptom burden, and symptom-related distress. Results Of the 120 participants randomly assigned, 78 (65%) completed the post-treatment assessment and 67 (56%) completed the 2-month follow-up. At the post-treatment assessment, IMCP participants demonstrated significantly greater improvement than the control condition for the primary outcomes of spiritual well-being (b = 0.39; P <.001, including both components of spiritual well-being (sense of meaning: b = 0.34; P = .003 and faith: b = 0.42; P = .03), and quality of life (b = 0.76; P = .013). Significantly greater improvements for IMCP patients were also observed for the secondary outcomes of symptom burden (b = −6.56; P < .001) and symptom-related distress (b = −0.47; P < .001) but not for anxiety, depression, or hopelessness. At the 2-month follow-up assessment, the improvements observed for the IMCP group were no longer significantly greater than those observed for the TM group. Conclusion IMCP has clear short-term benefits for spiritual suffering and quality of life in patients with advanced cancer. Clinicians working with patients who have advanced cancer should consider IMCP as an approach to enhance quality of life and spiritual well-being.

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Post, Lenneke, R. Ruard Ganzevoort i Irma M. Verdonck-de Leeuw. "Transcending the Suffering in Cancer: Impact of a Spiritual Life Review Intervention on Spiritual Re-Evaluation, Spiritual Growth and Psycho-Spiritual Wellbeing". Religions 11, nr 3 (20.03.2020): 142. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel11030142.

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In the confrontation with cancer, spiritual re-evaluation may help people to transform all-encompassing suffering into spiritual growth and psycho-spiritual wellbeing. The aim of this study was to examine whether spiritual life review (SLR), a semi-structured group narrative intervention that supports people with cancer to write and present their spiritual life story, is effective for the improvement of spiritual re-evaluation, spiritual growth, and psycho-spiritual wellbeing. In this mixed methods study, 57 cancer patients participated. Quantitative data were collected by means of patient reported outcomes (SAIL, Dutch Ryff, and NEIS) at baseline, post-intervention, and three and nine months follow-up (44 participants completed up to 9 months post-intervention). Changes over time were assessed via linear mixed model analysis (LMM). Qualitative data were collected by means of semi-structured interviews with 33 participants nine months post-intervention, and were coded in a two-stage process. Participating in SLR facilitated spiritual re-evaluation, and improved the course of spiritual growth, psycho-spiritual wellbeing, and ego-integrity. This study provides evidence that SLR is likely to improve spiritual re-evaluation, spiritual growth, and psycho-spiritual wellbeing after confrontation with cancer; it also suggests the importance of self-affirmation and ego-integrity for spirituality; and underscores the relevance of narrative spiritual interventions in the oncology setting.

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Holmes, Cheryl. "Towards National Consensus: Spiritual Care in the Australian Healthcare Context". Religions 9, nr 12 (23.11.2018): 379. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rel9120379.

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The Enhancing Quality and Safety: Spiritual Care in Health National Consensus Conference brought together key stakeholders from across Australia to agree a national framework to ensure quality and safety in spiritual care services through a nationally consistent approach to the provision of spiritual care in Australian hospitals. A working group planned the conference that was held over two days. Invitations were distributed to a wide range of stakeholders to ensure a diversity of voices contributed to the outcomes. The conference proceedings included presentations, small group work and facilitated discussion to enable progress on the conference objective. A conference report of the key outcomes was produced and widely distributed. The national consensus conference outcomes described five principles for the design and delivery of spiritual care services for the Australian context. Ten policy statements described key deliverables that could be used to benchmark and measure a nationally consistent approach to spiritual care.

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Sagala, Prima V., Budi Wibawanta i Oce Datu Appulembang. "HUBUNGAN ANTARA KECERDASAN SPIRITUAL (SI) DENGAN HASIL BELAJAR KOGNITIF SISWA KELAS VIII SMPK KALAM KUDUS YOGYAKARTA PADA PEMBELAJARAN MATEMATIKA [THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN SPIRITUAL INTELLIGENCE (SI) AND COGNITIVE LEARNING OUTCOMES OF GRADE 8 STUDENTS SMPK KALAM KUDUS YOGYAKARTA IN LEARNING MATHEMATICS]". JOHME: Journal of Holistic Mathematics Education 2, nr 1 (22.12.2018): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.19166/johme.v2i1.1021.

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Spiritual intelligence is intelligence that motivates human beings to discover the meaning and purpose of life and encourages growth in creativity, morals and character. One factor that affects learning outcomes is spiritual intelligence. This research aims to see the correlation between spiritual intelligence (SI) and students’ cognitive learning outcomes. The research method used was a quantitative causal correlational with a saturated sampling technique (sample member is the same as population member). The data was collected by using a questionnaire to measure students’ spiritual intelligence and a test to measure students’ cognitive learning outcomes. Product Moment Correlation was used to test the instrument’s validity while Alpha Cronbach and Guttman Split Half was used to test the instrument’s reliability. Rank Spearman was used to calculate the coefficient correlation. All the data was analyzed using SPSS 20. The research showed that there is positive correlation between students’ spiritual intelligence and their cognitive learning outcomes (r = 0.2317).BAHASA INDONESIA ABSTRACT: Kecerdasan spiritual (SI) merupakan kecerdasan yang mendorong manusia menemukan makna dan tujuan hidup serta mendorong bertumbuh dalam kreativitas, moral, maupun karakter. Salah satu faktor yang mempengaruhi hasil belajar adalah kecerdasan spiritual. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk melihat hubungan antara kecerdasan spiritual dengan hasil belajar kognitif siswa pada pembelajaran Matematika. Metode penelitian yang digunakan adalah metode kuantitatif kausal korelasional.Teknik sampling yang digunakan adalah sampling jenuh, yaitu seluruh populasi dijadikan sampel penelitian. Metode pengumpulan data menggunakan angket untuk mengukur variabel kecerdasan spiritual dan tes untuk mengukur variabel hasil belajar kognitif siswa. Uji validitas instrumen menggunakan korelasi product moment dan reliabilitas instrumen menggunakan alpha cronbach’s serta guttman split half. Uji koefisien korelasi menggunakan rumus rank spearman dan menggunakan SPSS 20 untuk menganalisis data. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa terdapat hubungan positif antara kecerdasan spiritual dengan hasil belajar kognitif siswa (r = 0.2317)

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van de Geer, Joep, Marieke Groot, Richtsje Andela, Carlo Leget, Jelle Prins, Kris Vissers i Hetty Zock. "Training hospital staff on spiritual care in palliative care influences patient-reported outcomes: Results of a quasi-experimental study". Palliative Medicine 31, nr 8 (11.11.2016): 743–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0269216316676648.

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Background: Spiritual care is reported to be important to palliative patients. There is an increasing need for education in spiritual care. Aim: To measure the effects of a specific spiritual care training on patients’ reports of their perceived care and treatment. Design: A pragmatic controlled trial conducted between February 2014 and March 2015. Setting/participants: The intervention was a specific spiritual care training implemented by healthcare chaplains to eight multidisciplinary teams in six hospitals on regular wards in which patients resided in both curative and palliative trajectories. In total, 85 patients were included based on the Dutch translation of the Supportive and Palliative Care Indicators Tool. Data were collected in the intervention and control wards pre- and post-training using questionnaires on physical symptoms, spiritual distress, involvement and attitudes (Spiritual Attitude and Involvement List) and on the perceived focus of healthcare professionals on patients’ spiritual needs. Results: All 85 patients had high scores on spiritual themes and involvement. Patients reported that attention to their spiritual needs was very important. We found a significant ( p = 0.008) effect on healthcare professionals’ attention to patients’ spiritual and existential needs and a significant ( p = 0.020) effect in favour of patients’ sleep. No effect on the spiritual distress of patients or their proxies was found. Conclusion: The effects of spiritual care training can be measured using patient-reported outcomes and seemed to indicate a positive effect on the quality of care. Future research should focus on optimizing the spiritual care training to identify the most effective elements and developing strategies to ensure long-term positive effects. This study was registered at the Dutch Trial Register: NTR4559.

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Fogle, Stephen. "The 70- to 85-Year-Old Sweet Spot: Regression Associations Between Spiritual Experience and Successful Aging Outcomes". Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (1.12.2020): 415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.1338.

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Abstract Utilizing the MIDUS III dataset, this study conducted linear regression analysis for associations between daily spiritual experience and Successful Aging (N=2605). Age was measured in three groups: young-old (55-69), old (70-85), and old-old (86-100). Successful Aging was operationalized as Self-Reported Physical Health, Self-Reported Memory, Depressed Affect, and Life Satisfaction. Daily spiritual experience was measured with the Fetzer Institute five-item composite scale (Cronbach = .891). Analysis for each Successful Aging outcome was controlled for daily spiritual experience, physical and social neighborhood environment, age group, gender identification, co-habitation, income, education, cultural identification and disability. Regression analysis was undertaken for daily spiritual experience on the same control variables. Results found higher frequency of daily spiritual experience was significantly associated (p = .000) with better self-reported memory (β= .146***) and higher life satisfaction (β= .191***). Further, regression analysis revealed the 70-85 age group was significantly associated (p = .000) with better self-reported physical health (β= .123***), lower depressed affect (β= -.144***), and higher life satisfaction (β= .291***). Finally, the 70-85 age group was a stronger predictor of daily spiritual experience (β= .221***) than all other control variables except female gender identification (β= .244***). This study contributes evidence of associations between daily spiritual experience and Successful Aging outcomes, particularly memory and life satisfaction. This study demonstrates the advantage of measuring separate old age categories to reflect heterogeneity of the life course. Finally, this study underscores, “Why Age Matters”, through new evidence linking the 70-85 year old age group with daily spiritual experience and Successful Aging.

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McKnight, Cynthia M., i Stephanie Juillerat. "Perceptions of Clinical Athletic Trainers on the Spiritual Care of Injured Athletes". Journal of Athletic Training 46, nr 3 (1.05.2011): 303–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4085/1062-6050-46.3.303.

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Context: Treating both the body and the mind of an injured or ill patient is accepted as necessary for full healing to occur. However, treating the spiritual needs of the patient has less consensus. Objective: To determine the perceptions and practices of certified athletic trainers (ATs) working in the college/university setting pertaining to spiritual care of the injured athlete. Design: Cross-sectional study. Setting: A survey instrument was e-mailed to a stratified random sample of 2000 ATs at 4-year colleges and universities. Patients or Other Participants: Five hundred sixty-four participants (296 men, 234 women; 34 did not specify sex). Main Outcome Measure(s): We measured the ATs' perceptions and practices related to spiritual care for athletes. Results: We found that 82.4% of respondents agreed that addressing spiritual concerns could result in more positive therapeutic outcomes for athletes; however, 64.3% disagreed that ATs are responsible for providing the spiritual care. Positive correlations were found between personal spirituality and items favoring implementing spiritual care. Conclusions: Athletic trainers have a conceptual appreciation of the importance of spiritual care for athletes, but the practicalities of how to define, acquire skills in, and practice spiritual care are unresolved.

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Younkin, Felisha L., Emily Laswell, Kristi Coe, Joy Hanson, Robert Snyder i Aleda Chen. "Impact of an Interprofessional Training Session on Student Spirituality and Faith Integration in the Workplace". Christian Journal for Global Health 6, nr 2 (23.12.2019): 3–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.15566/cjgh.v6i2.301.

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Providing spiritual care to patients can result in improved health outcomes and health-related quality of life. However, healthcare professionals feel largely unprepared to address spiritual health. The objective of this study was to determine the impact of an interprofessional witness training session on student spiritual health and perceived confidence and competence in sharing their faith with patients. An all-day, interprofessional workshop to assist students in assessing their own spiritual health, identifying opportunities to address patient spiritual health, and sharing their faith ethically was incorporated. Nursing, pharmacy, allied health/kinesiology, psychology, and pre-med students attended and completed assessments related to the student outcomes pre-workshop, post-workshop, and at 3, 6, and 9 months post-workshop. Significant improvements in perceived confidence and competence were observed initially and longitudinally. Baseline student spiritual health was high; only participation in Christian activities significantly improved in the assessment of their spiritual health. Further study is necessary to fully understand the impact of this training on student spiritual health. Nonetheless, incorporation of this training can better prepare students to engage in spiritual care of patients and share their own faith with others ethically, as opportunities arise.

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Barletta, John, i Kate Witteveen. "Pastoral Care in Hospital: An Overview of Issues". Australian Journal of Primary Health 13, nr 1 (2007): 97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/py07013.

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The benefits of a holistic approach to health care include positive outcomes for patients and financial benefits for hospitals and the community. Traditionally, holistic health care incorporated only physical, psychological and social needs of patients and excluded spiritual and religious aspects. This trend has changed in recent years with health care experiencing the integrated work of chaplains, pastoral carers and spiritual carers. As evidence supports a positive relationship between religious/spiritual involvement and physical/mental health outcomes, this development is indeed worthwhile. This literature review explores issues of spiritual care, pastoral care and chaplaincy and the relationship to quality patient care within a context of holistic health care.

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Rosmarin, David H., i Steven Pirutinsky. "Problematic Sexual Behavior and Religion Among Adult Jewish Males: An Initial Study". American Journal of Men's Health 13, nr 1 (styczeń 2019): 155798831882358. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1557988318823586.

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A growing body of research has tied religion to problematic sexual behavior in both positive and negative ways. On the one hand, religious belief and engagement buffer against incidence and severity of problematic sexual behavior, but on the other hand religiously affiliated individuals who engage in such behavior tend to experience spiritual struggles (negative religious coping) and poor psychosocial outcomes. No published empirical studies have examined these variables among adult Jewish males. In the present study, 94 adult Jewish males completed measures of religious belief/practice, positive religious coping, spiritual struggles, and problematic sexual behavior. General and positive aspects of Jewish religiosity were unrelated to problematic sexual behavior. By contrast, spiritual struggles were tied to higher levels of problematic sexual behavior, but only for individuals who were raised as Orthodox Jews. Surprisingly, this latter finding was independent of current Orthodox affiliation. These results suggest that a religious Jewish upbringing, irrespective of current religious identity, can moderate ties between sexual behavior and spirituals struggles.

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Kaplar, Mary E., Amy B. Wachholtz i William H. O'brien. "The Effect of Religious and Spiritual Interventions on the Biological, Psychological, and Spiritual Outcomes of Oncology Patients". Journal of Psychosocial Oncology 22, nr 1 (4.11.2004): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1300/j077v22n01_03.

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Felitti, Karina. "“The Spiritual is Political”". Religion and Gender 9, nr 2 (10.12.2019): 194–214. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/18785417-00902010.

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Abstract This article analyses the circulation of feminist ideas and practices in women’s circles and connected workshops geared to urban middle-class heterosexual cisgender women, and the presence of spiritual elements in massive feminist mobilisations in contemporary Argentina. It uses a qualitative methodology based on ethnographic observations, interviews and analyses of digital content carried out between 2014 and October 2019. In a national and international context of feminist visibility and broad availability of spiritual goods and services, I explore the relations between secularisation and sexual politics, and spirituality and feminisms. The outcomes show a secular-based feminism permeable to spiritual practices and an increasing participation of women who define themselves as spiritual in feminist demonstrations. They also suggest that this convergence assists in the dissemination of sexual and reproductive rights in a definition that integrates notions of bodily knowledge, self-management, empowerment and spiritual wellness.

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Liu, Mandong, Ying Wang i Iris Chi. "Life review on psycho-spiritual outcomes among older adults with life-threatening illness: A systematic review". Innovation in Aging 4, Supplement_1 (1.12.2020): 900–901. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/geroni/igaa057.3316.

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Abstract Life review has been widely conducted to help older adults enhance well-being and cope with burdens. Spirituality is an important part of an older adult’s overall well-being, especially for those with life-threatening illnesses. However, there is no review study examining the effectiveness of life review interventions on psycho-spiritual outcomes among this population. The aim of the study was to examine the effectiveness of life review on psycho-spiritual well-being among older adults with life-threatening illnesses. A systematic review with meta-analysis consistent with the recommendations of the Cochrane Collaboration was conducted. Database searches included PubMed, PsycINFO, the Cochrane Library, the Campbell Library, EBSCO, CNKI, and the Airiti Library up to March 2020. Grey literature and reference lists from relevant articles were also searched and reviewed. 34 studies were included in the systematic review and 33 were included in the meta-analysis for outcomes of anxiety, depression, and quality of life. Other psycho-spiritual outcome measures that were not included in the meta-analysis due to the small number of studies included mood, apathy, life satisfaction, meaning in life, spiritual well-being, and some multi-dimensional instruments. The studies greatly varied in program design, content, format, length, interventionist, and more. The meta-analyses demonstrated standardized mean differences in favor of life review compared with the control with small to moderate effect sizes. The reviewers call for including more psycho-spiritual well-being measures among interventions for older adults with life-limiting illnesses, as well as studies with adequate sample size and rigorous designs in future research.

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Farhadi, Roya. "Spiritual Aspects of Breastfeeding: A Narrative Review". Journal of Pediatrics Review 8, nr 4 (1.10.2020): 229–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.32598/jpr.8.4.47.3.

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Context: Although positive outcomes of breastfeeding on both mothers and infants are well documented, few studies have investigated the spiritual aspects of breastfeeding. This study conducted a narrative review of the research on spiritual and religious beliefs for breastfeeding. Evidence acquisition: All papers from 2000 to 2018 about the study subject were searched in the international databases. The measured outcome included different breastfeeding behaviors in mothers with different religions. Results: In this study, 69 related studies were reviewed and finally 9 articles were selected. One article was about the influence of breastfeeding on the spiritual status of mothers and 8 articles were about the effect of religious beliefs on different breastfeeding behaviors. Conclusion: The results of this review showed that spirituality can influence the management of breastfeeding behavior. More attention should be paid to spirituality interventions to acknowledge the high priority in breastfeeding because it may allow public health officials to more effectively promote breastfeeding policies.

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Narayanasamy, Aru. "Reflexive account of unintended outcomes from spiritual care qualitative research". Journal of Research in Nursing 20, nr 3 (maj 2015): 234–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987115578185.

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Puchalski, Christina M., Andrea Sbrana, Betty Ferrell, Najmeh Jafari, Stephen King, Tracy Balboni, Guido Miccinesi i in. "Interprofessional spiritual care in oncology: a literature review". ESMO Open 4, nr 1 (luty 2019): e000465. http://dx.doi.org/10.1136/esmoopen-2018-000465.

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Spiritual care is recognised as an essential element of the care of patients with serious illness such as cancer. Spiritual distress can result in poorer health outcomes including quality of life. The American Society of Clinical Oncology and other organisations recommend addressing spiritual needs in the clinical setting. This paper reviews the literature findings and proposes recommendations for interprofessional spiritual care.

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Ragsdale, Judith R. "Transforming Chaplaincy Requires Transforming Clinical Pastoral Education". Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling: Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications 72, nr 1 (marzec 2018): 58–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542305018762133.

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Clinical Pastoral Education (CPE) is a process focused on developing students' personal integration. Outcomes for CPE need to expand to reflect current research in religion and spirituality because religion and spirituality impacts coping, meaning making, decision-making, and health care outcomes. Focusing CPE outcomes on religious/spiritual beliefs and practices used by patients will equip chaplains to provide research-informed spiritual care for families and discipline-specific information for the interdisciplinary team.

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Sytsma, Terin T., Lori B. Bjork, Sarah M. Jenkins, Krishanu Chatterjee i Katherine M. Piderman. "“Slowed Down but Not Stopped”: A Spiritual Life Review Intervention in Patients with Neurodegenerative Disease". Journal of Pastoral Care & Counseling: Advancing theory and professional practice through scholarly and reflective publications 74, nr 2 (czerwiec 2020): 108–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1542305020913054.

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Spiritual health is important in managing and coping with chronic and debilitating illnesses, such as neurodegenerative diseases. However, few spiritual interventions have addressed this population. This article quantitatively and qualitatively evaluates outcomes of a spiritual life review in neurodegenerative diseases patients. The majority of participants improved or maintained quality of life and spiritual/emotional well-being following the intervention. Spiritual life review may be an important intervention in the comprehensive care of patients with neurodegenerative diseases.

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Conduit, Jodie, Ingo Oswald Karpen i Kieran D. Tierney. "Volunteer engagement: conceptual extensions and value-in-context outcomes". Journal of Service Theory and Practice 29, nr 4 (2.12.2019): 462–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jstp-06-2018-0138.

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Purpose The ability to attract and retain volunteers is crucial for not-for-profit organizations, and consequently, the need to understand and manage volunteers’ engagement is paramount. The purpose of this paper is to investigate the role of five volunteer engagement dimensions (cognitive, affective, behavioral, social and spiritual engagement) on perceived value-in-context, and its subsequent role for volunteer retention. Thus, providing for the first time an understanding of how unique types of value are determined through different facets of volunteer engagement. Design/methodology/approach To establish the nature and consequences of volunteer engagement, the authors collaborated with an Australian not-for-profit service organization. Using a survey method, the authors studied the organization’s volunteer workforce resulting in 464 usable responses. To capture volunteers’ degree of spiritual engagement, this paper introduces a rigorously developed unidimensional measure. Findings The results demonstrate the importance of the five engagement dimensions on volunteers’ perceived value-in-context, while highlighting significant effect differences including some counterintuitive consequences. The authors also establish the role of spiritual engagement and demonstrate the impact of value-in-context for volunteer retention. Originality/value This research explores the volunteer engagement-retention chain, by empirically studying the role of value-in-context. The authors provide first evidence for the relationship between volunteer engagement and value-in-context, examining the independent yet relative effects of various facets of volunteer engagement. In doing so, the authors offer new insight into the dimensionality of the volunteer engagement construct, broadening its conceptualization to include spiritual engagement as a core constituent. The authors further demonstrate the impact of value-in-context on volunteer retention, helping organizations to better make sense of meaningful volunteer experiences with long-lasting impacts and mutual benefits.

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Krederdt-Araujo, Sherin L., Karen A. Dominguez-Cancino, Reynelda Jiménez-Cordova, Mariella Y. Paz-Villanueva, Julio Mendigure Fernandez, Juan M. Leyva-Moral i Patrick A. Palmieri. "Spirituality, Social Support, and Diabetes: A Cross-Sectional Study of People Enrolled in a Nurse-Led Diabetes Management Program in Peru". Hispanic Health Care International 17, nr 4 (16.05.2019): 162–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1540415319847493.

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Introduction: In Peru, people living with diabetes mellitus (PLDM) represent 7% of the adult population, each with a $54,000 lifetime cost. For Latinos, spirituality provides meaning and purpose of life while social support affects behavioral choices and adherence decisions. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between spirituality and social support for PLDM participating in a nurse-led diabetes management program in a public hospital in Lima, Peru. Method: This cross-sectional study included adult PLDM ( N = 54). The instrument included demographic items and the Spanish versions of the social/vocational concern dimension of the Diabetes Quality of Life Questionnaire and the Reed’s scale of spiritual perspective. Results: There was an inverse relation between social support and spiritually practices ( p = .020) and spiritual beliefs ( p = .005). PLDM with 5 years or more in the program had significantly higher scores in social support ( p = .020) and spiritual practices ( p = .010). Conclusion: Spirituality and social support are important factors for managing PLDM. Nurse-led diabetes management programs with Latino participants should consider targeted spiritual and social support strategies to expand the holistic management. Future studies should explore the impact and effectiveness of spiritual and social support interventions on clinical outcomes.

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Giannone, Derek A., i Daniel Kaplin. "How Does Spiritual Intelligence Relate to Mental Health in a Western Sample?" Journal of Humanistic Psychology 60, nr 3 (10.11.2017): 400–417. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0022167817741041.

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This study investigates a recently developed model of spiritual intelligence in relation to the common mental health concerns of depression, anxiety, and substance use. Three-hundred and fifty-three undergraduate psychology students responded to the Spiritual Intelligence Self-Report Inventory, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale–Revised, the Generalized Anxiety Disorder-7, and the Drug, Alcohol, and Nicotine scale. We hypothesized spiritual intelligence would be negatively associated with the study’s mental health outcomes. A secondary aim was to examine the contributions of spiritual intelligence model components to mental health. Overall spiritual intelligence was not associated with anxiety, depression, or substance use. Examination of the relationships between spiritual intelligence components and mental health suggested this model lacks cohesiveness in relation to mental health. While the capacity to critically examine existential issues was associated with increased depression and anxiety, the ability to draw meaning and purpose from experience was associated with improvements in all mental health outcomes. These findings cast doubt on the construct of spiritual intelligence and suggest that existential thinking and the production of meaning may be closely related to mental health. Future research should explore differences in spiritual intelligence components and their associations with mental health among varying religious affiliations.

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Gotsis, George, i Katerina Grimani. "The role of spiritual leadership in fostering inclusive workplaces". Personnel Review 46, nr 5 (7.08.2017): 908–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/pr-11-2015-0286.

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Purpose Inclusion is of critical importance to creating healthier workplaces, if the ongoing dynamic of workforce diversity is taken for granted. The purpose of this paper is to designate the role of spiritual leadership in fostering more humane and inclusive workplaces. Design/methodology/approach The authors review the extant literature on two distinct research streams, inclusion and inclusive leadership, and spiritual leadership, elaborate a mediation model, identify antecedents and outcomes, and articulate a set of propositions reflecting key findings. Findings The authors advance a conceptual model according to which inclusive practices founded on spiritual values will mediate the positive relationship between spiritual leadership and a climate for inclusion. They argue that calling and membership as components of spiritual wellbeing will reinforce employees’ experience of both uniqueness and belongingness, thus affecting their perceptions of inclusion and inducing multi-level beneficial outcomes. Practical implications Spiritual leadership assumes a preeminent role in embracing and valuing diversity: it embodies a potential for positioning inclusive ideals more strategically, in view of enabling employees unfold their genuine selves and experience integration in work settings. Social implications Spiritual leadership helps inclusive goals to be situated in their societal context; inclusion is thus viewed as both an organizational and societal good, embedded in social contexts, and pertinent to corporate vision, mission and philosophy. Originality/value The paper examines spiritual leadership as a predictor of climates for inclusion. Drawing on spiritual values, spiritual leaders display a strong potential for inclusion, facilitating diverse employees to experience feelings of both belongingness and uniqueness in work settings that assume high societal relevance.

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McGrath, Pam. "Positive outcomes for survivors of haematological malignancies from a spiritual perspective". International Journal of Nursing Practice 10, nr 6 (grudzień 2004): 280–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1440-172x.2004.00490.x.

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Teut, Michael, Florian Besch, Claudia M. Witt i Barbara Stöckigt. "Perceived Outcomes of Spiritual Healing: Results from a Prospective Case Series". Complementary Medicine Research 26, nr 4 (2019): 265–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000496736.

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Background: The aims of this pilot study were to observe perceived outcomes of spiritual healing in Germany. Patients and Methods: In this prospective case study, we performed qualitative interviews with clients and healers about perceived outcomes of spiritual healing treatments. A directed qualitative content analysis was used. In addition, we applied questionnaires (WHOQOL-BREF, General Self-Efficacy Scale, Sense of Coherence 13, SpREUK-15, intensity of complaints on visual analogue scale) at baseline and after week 1, month 2 and month 6 which were analysed descriptively. Results: Seven healers and 7 clients participated, 42 interviews were analysed. In the interviews, the clients described positive body sensations, greater relaxation and well-being as short-term effects of healing treatments. Perceived longer-term effects were related to making significant life changes, creating new meanings, activating resources and improving social relationships. Patients in pain described a reduction of pain intensity. In the questionnaires, the clients reported improvements in quality of life and self-efficacy, to a smaller extent improvements of intensity of complaints and sense of coherence. Conclusion: The results from this pilot study could be useful to choose outcomes of future prospective studies with a larger sample: qualitative assessments combined with global and broad quantitative outcomes such as quality of life, self-efficacy and intensity of complaints could be applied.

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McSherry, Wilfred. "Review: Reflexive account of unintended outcomes from spiritual care qualitative research". Journal of Research in Nursing 20, nr 3 (maj 2015): 249–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1744987115584125.

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Katerndahl, David, Sandra Burge, Robert Ferrer, Johanna Becho i Robert Wood. "Effects of religious and spiritual variables on outcomes in violent relationships". International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine 49, nr 4 (maj 2015): 249–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0091217415589297.

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Strobbe, Stephen, James A. Cranford, Marcin Wojnar i Kirk J. Brower. "Spiritual Awakening Predicts Improved Drinking Outcomes in a Polish Treatment Sample". Journal of Addictions Nursing 24, nr 4 (2013): 209–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1097/jan.0000000000000002.

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Gill, Chelsea, Jan Packer i Roy Ballantyne. "Spiritual retreats as a restorative destination: Design factors facilitating restorative outcomes". Annals of Tourism Research 79 (listopad 2019): 102761. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.annals.2019.102761.

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