Artykuły w czasopismach: „Spicy Pulp”

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Yunus, Rusyda Nazhirah. "REKONSTRUKSI EKO-ETIMON BUDAYA KULINER". MEDAN MAKNA: Jurnal Ilmu Kebahasaan dan Kesastraan 17, nr 1 (23.06.2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.26499/mm.v17i1.2294.

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This study discusses the reconstruction of eco-etimon culinary culture in the Malay community of Tanjung Pura. The aim of this study was to find out the eco-etymon reconstruction of culture in spicy pulp ingredients, their lingual forms and proto reconstruction of the spicy pulp ingredients. This research uses descriptive qualitative methods. The data of this study are words contained in the spicy porridge ingredients of Tanjung Pura Malay community, as well as data obtained from interviews. Then some lexicon of spicy porridge from Karo, and Aceh. Data is collected by note-taking technique, which is to record ingredients from spicy porridge and interviews with informants around the data source. The data analysis technique in this study was carried out by collecting lexicons of spicy pulp, reconstructing the lexicon and the function of spicy pulp, interviewing informants about the existence of the lexicon. Then compare the pattern of sound changes (reconstruction implications) of several lexicons in spicy porridge ingredients. The results of the analysis indicate that the encoding of spicy porridge ingredients by Tanjungpura Malay ancestors in the form of lexicalisation and grammaticalisation is included in compound words and expression metaphors. The reconstruction of language forms and functions of spicy porridge ingredients. BA, BK, and BM have reconstruction based on the type of sound change.

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Dowd, Christopher. "The weird tales, spicy detectives, and startling stories of Irish-America: Irish characters in American pulp magazines". Irish Studies Review 23, nr 2 (18.03.2015): 176–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09670882.2015.1023572.

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Terry Calderón, Victor Manuel, i Katia Casusol Perea. "Formulación de una salsa picante a base de pulpa de cocona (Solanum sessiliflorum), ají amarillo (Capsicum baccatum) y ají Charapita (Capsicum chinense)". Revista de Investigaciones de la Universidad Le Cordon Bleu 5, nr 1 (czerwiec 2018): 5–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.36955/riulcb.2018v5n1.001.

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Purwita, Chandra Apriana, i Susi Sugesty. "Pembuatan dan Karakterisasi Dissolving Pulp Serat Panjang dari Bambu Duri (Bambusa blumeana)". JURNAL SELULOSA 8, nr 01 (30.06.2018): 21. http://dx.doi.org/10.25269/jsel.v1i01.232.

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Preparation and Characterization of Long Fiber Dissolving Pulp from Spiny Bamboo (Bambusa blumeana)The need for long fiber dissolving pulp in Indonesia can only be met from imports. Bamboo is a nonwood plant and known as source of long fiber. This research aims to study the potential of spiny bamboo to be used as raw material for producing long fiber dissolving pulp. This research was conducted using two different types of raw materials preparation to produce bamboo chip and decorticated bamboo. The pulping process is carried out by pre-hydrolysis kraft and bleaching performed with two different bleaching sequences, i.e Do ED1 D2 and Do EpD1 D2 . Based on the experimental results, spiny bamboo has good potential to be used as raw material for dissolving pulp. Spiny bamboo belongs to long fibers with an average fiber length of 2.46 mm. The dissolving quality depends on the preparation of the raw material and the bleaching sequence. The yield of spiny bamboo dissolving pulp ranged from 37.97 - 40.76% with alpha cellulose content of 94.88 - 98.67%, and viscosity of 16.43 - 25.75 cP. Decorticated bamboo with bleaching sequence of Do EpD1 D2 produced the highest quality of dissolving pulp with the highest brightness and alpha cellulose were 89.61% ISO and 98.67%, respectively.AbstrakKebutuhan dissolving pulp serat panjang di Indonesia hanya dapat dipenuhi melalui impor. Bambu adalah tanaman nonkayu dan dikenal sebagai sumber serat panjang. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mempelajari potensi bambu duri untuk dijadikan bahan baku pembuatan dissolving pulp serat panjang. Penelitian ini dilakukan dengan dua jenis persiapan bahan baku yang berbeda untuk menghasilkan serpih bambu dan bambu dekortikasi. Proses pemasakan dilakukan dengan proses pra-hidrolisis kraft dan pemutihan dilakukan dengan dua urutan pemutihan yang berbeda, yaitu DoED1D2 dan DoEpD1D2. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian, bambu duri memiliki potensi yang baik untuk digunakan sebagai bahan baku pembuatan dissolving pulp. Bambu duri tergolong serat panjang dengan panjang serat rata-rata 2,46 mm. Kualitas dissolving pup yang dihasilkan tergantung dari persiapan bahan baku dan urutan pemutihan. Rendemen dissolving pulp bambu duri berkisar 37,97 - 40,76%, dengan kandungan selulosa alfa 94,88 - 98,67%, dan viskositas 16,43 - 25,75 cP. Bambu dekortikasi dengan urutan pemutihan DoEpD1D2 menghasilkan dissolving pulp paling unggul dengan derajat cerah dan selulosa alfa tertinggi berturut-turut 89,61 %ISO dan 98,67%.Kata kunci: dissolving pulp, bambu duri (Bambusa blumeana), serpih bambu, bambu dekortikasi, prahidrolisis kraft

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Fausta, Kurniati Pangdadernes, Polikarpus Payong, Inosensius H. Jandu, Febronia Cristina Yunita Ndiwa i Dwi Kurnia Saomi. "Pengolahan Limbah Ampas Tahu Menjadi Kerupuk Aneka Rasa Di Kelurahan Poco Mal". Jurdimas (Jurnal Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat) Royal 6, nr 2 (10.04.2023): 205–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.33330/jurdimas.v6i2.1887.

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Abstract: Tofu is one of the daily foods of Indonesian people. The tofu industry itself has been found quite a lot in the Manggarai Regency area, but the remaining tofu dregs are not processed further and are only used as animal feed. Referring to the various studies that have been carried out, it is emphasized that tofu dregs can be processed as raw materials for processed various foods, one of which is tofu dregs crackers. Processing tofu dregs into crackers is one of the innovations made without reducing the nutritional value in tofu dregs. Tofu waste processing activities are carried out in Poco Mal Village, Langke Rembong District, Manggarai Regency. The methods of implementing the activities implemented are implementation methods, business management, tofu dregs processing techniques, and marketing strategies. Each activity method applied will be evaluated through discussion activities with members and if any obstacles are found, the team will quickly address the existing obstacles. This method becomes an organized processing system with a business management approach. The results of this activity have a positive impact in the form of new innovations in the management of tofu waste into crackers. The innovations provided are in the form of spicy, original, and fried onions. The sales target for tofu dregs crackers will be gradually increased and for this stage, business activities are focused on increasing sales each time it is produced.Kata kunci: pulp; processing; tofu Abstrak: Tahu merupakan salah satu makanan sehari-hari masyarakat Indonesia. Industri tahu sendiri sudah cukup banyak di temui di daerah Kabupaten Manggarai namun sisa ampas tahu tidak diolah lebih lanjut dan hanya dimanfaatkan sebagai pakan ternak. Mengacu dari berbagai penelitian yang sudah dilakukan mempertegaskan bahwa ampas tahu dapat diolah sebagai bahan baku olahan aneka makanan, salah satunya ialah kerupuk ampas tahu. Pengolahan ampas tahu menjadi kerupuk merupakan salah satu inovasi yang dibuat tanpa mengurangi nilai gizi yang ada dalam ampas tahu. Kegiatan pengolahan ampas tahu dilaksanakan di Kelurahan Poco Mal Kecamatan Langke Rembong Kabupaten Manggarai. Metode pelaksanaan kegiatan yang diterapkan berupa metode pelaksanaan, manajemen usaha, teknik pengolahan ampas tahu, dan strategi pemasaran. Setiap metode kegiatan yang diterapkan akan dievaluasi melalui kegiatan diskusi bersama anggota dan jika ditemukan adanya kendala maka tim secara cepat menyikapi kendala yang ada. Metode ini menjadi suatu sistem pengolahan yang terorganisir dengan pendekatan manajemen usaha. Hasil kegiatan ini memberi dampak positif berupa adanya inovasi baru terhadap pengelolaan limbah ampas tahu menjadi kerupuk. Inovasi yang diberikan berupa pemberian rasa pedas, original,dan bawang goreng. Target penjualan kerupuk ampas tahu akan ditingkatkan secara bertahap dan untuk tahap ini kegiatan usaha difokuskan pada peningkatan penjualan setiap kali produksi.Kata kunci: ampas; pengolahan; tahu

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Bourhia, Mohammed, Hamza Elmahdaoui, Riaz Ullah, Samir Ibenmoussa i Abdelaaty Abdelaziz Shahat. "Physicochemical evaluation of the fruit pulp of Opuntia spp growing in the Mediterranean area under hard climate conditions". Open Chemistry 18, nr 1 (2.06.2020): 565–75. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/chem-2020-0097.

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AbstractBarbary fig called prickly pear is a plant belonging to family Cactaceae growing under hard climate conditions. A spiny variety of prickly pear named “Drbana” (Opuntia megacantha) and two non-spiny varieties named “Akria” and “Mlez” (Opuntia ficus-indica) growing in the Rhamna region (Morocco) were studied in terms of physicochemical characteristics. The physicochemical characterization (humidity, water activity, pH, total titratable acidity, Brix, and ash content) and the biochemical characterization (total carotenoid content, betalain content, total polyphenolic content, and ascorbic acid content) of the fruit pulp of prickly pear were performed according to the previously reported methods. The finding of physicochemical characterization of all studied varieties showed that the fruit pulp also contained an interesting bioactive compound classes in humidity, water activity, pH, total titratable acidity, Brix, and ash content. Regarding the biochemical characterization, the obtained finding showed the fruit pulp also contained an interesting bioactive compound classes particularly the total betalains, polyphenols, carotenoids, and ascorbic acids. Based on the obtained results in the current research work, we can affirm that the fruits of all studied varieties meet the requirement for being exploited in food, cosmetic, and pharmaceutical industries.

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Mukminin, Ahmad, Indra Indra i Muhammad Ali Sarong. "Analysis of spiny lobster fishery sustainability the using ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) in Pulo Aceh". Depik 11, nr 1 (14.03.2022): 68–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.13170/depik.11.1.24035.

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The high exploitation rate due to increasing global demand caused spiny lobster vulnerable to overfishing. this study aims to assess the sustainability status of lobster fisheries, through the ecosystem approach to fisheries management (EAFM) and to examine the appropriate strategies to support the sustainability of spiny lobster fisheries in Pulo Aceh Islands, Aceh Besar district, Aceh Province. Indicators or domains used in this study are fish resources, habitats, and ecosystems, fishing techniques, economics, social, and governance, which consist of 27 attributes. Results show that the aggregate value of fish resources domain is 59.22 (moderate), habitat and ecosystem domain is 39.14, (poor), fishing technique domain is 28.62 (poor), the economic domain is 65 (good), social domain is 47.82 (moderate) and the institutional domain is 39.89 (poor). The overall aggregate value for the six domains is 46.61 (moderate), the sustainability status of the spiny lobster fishery in Pulo Aceh is in the moderate category. the fish resource domain and the economic domain are the main domains that provide a positive value for the sustainability of the lobster fishery in Pulo Aceh. However, to improve the status of lobster fisheries management in Pulo Aceh; should focus on domains that have low-value categories, which are; fishing techniques, habitats and ecosystems, and governance domain.Keywords:Spiny LobsterPulo Aceh IslandsSustainabilityManagement Strategy

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Chayati, Cholilul, Lutfiana Lutfiana i Endang Widyastuti Sutrisno. "DIVERSIFIKASI RASA DAN KEMASAN KRUPUK PULI UNTUK MENINGKATKAN PENJUALAN". Jurnal ABDIRAJA 1, nr 1 (12.11.2018): 24–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.24929/adr.v1i1.636.

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Puli crackers is one of the traditional crackers in Sumenep, crackers pulleys nowadays have only one variation of flavor that is savory and usually eaten with sambal, which we try to offer different variations that are spicy flavors with different levels of spiciness that consumers more interested and more like the new flavors that spiciness is at levels ranging from 1.2 and 3. try spicy flavor because people do not have to bother anymore to consume these crackers with sambal be more practical and more in line with consumer tastes enthusiasts. Culinary cheese flavor is much preferred by children as well as containing high calcium are suitable for growing children. By flavor of cheese crackers are also more modern pulleys so consumen not only among middle down, but for the middle class and above. The problems of this implementation is the skill in terms of diversification of products still need to be improved, not an increase in sales, product packaging less attractive. While the result of performance of the implementation of these activities have been carried out training skills of making variations of taste and packaging have training for the manufacture of two flavors are spicy taste and flavor of cheese in two Gapoksa who have become partners in this activity. After the training is held in the manufacture of packaging done with automated tools that electrical packaging tool that can achieve results in durable in a long period of time. Innovation in packaging products using plastic packaging stand-up pouch type of PET and PE with a thickness of 0.8 microns is suitable for packaging snack packs with each pack weighs 150 grams and is also equipped with a paper tote bag with attractive colors and innovative. An increase in sales of mature products or packaging that has been fried with a more modern and more innovative flavors.

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Kenneth-Obosi, Olusimbo, Abosede Oluwakemi Oduntan i Oyenike Sadiat Babalola. "Utilisation of locust bean (Parkia biglobosa) pulp as a natural egg quality enhancer in laying hens". Agricultura Tropica et Subtropica 56, nr 1 (1.01.2023): 58–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ats-2023-0007.

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Abstract This study was carried out to improve commercial egg production using parkia pulp which is usually washed off during the processing of parkia seed into spice. A total of 54 Hyline brown Agrited brand pullets were randomly allotted to 3 treatments, 6 birds per replicate. Parkia pulp was included in the birds’ drink (0%, 1%, and 2% parkia pulp) from 08:00 h to 10:00 h followed by clean cool water daily from day 147 to day 245 (early egg production phase). At day 420 to 448 (late egg production phase) conventional multivitamins, 1% and 2% parkia pulp were included in drinking water for 3 days in a week 08:00 h to 17:00 h. Data on the growth of birds, egg production, and egg internal and external quality were measured and analysed using ANOVA at p < 0.05. The weight of birds in the early egg production phase was directly proportional to the quantity of parkia pulp included in the parkia pulp drink. The number of eggs produced per bird (64.85) was significantly higher from the birds on 1% parkia pulp drink, whereas from the egg quality indicators, egg weight (65.03 g), length (56.15 mm), shell weight (8.06 g), and albumen weight (41.75 g) were all significantly higher at 2% inclusion level of parkia pulp drink in the early stage of egg production. In the late phase there was no significant difference among the treatments in the internal and external egg qualities but the weight of birds on parkia drink was high at p ≤ 0.05. The results of our study show that parkia pulp inclusion in commercial laying hen drink enhances the quality and quantity of egg production.

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ЛУТКОВ, И. П., Д. В. ЕРМОЛИН, Д. С. ЗАДОРОЖНАЯ i Н. Ю. ЛУТКОВА. "USE OF CARBON ACID MACERATION IN THE PRODUCTION OF YOUNG SPARKLING WINES". Известия вузов. Пищевая технология, nr 1(395) (3.04.2024): 44–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.26297/0579-3009.2024.1.8.

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В связи с растущим спросом на качественные молодые игристые вина с хорошими типичными свой- ствами и высоким содержанием полезных веществ, не требующих больших затрат времени на производство, акту- ально изучение влияния процесса углекислотной мацерации (УМ) на качество молодых игристых вин в сравнении с распространенной технологией их производства. Объектами исследования являлись образцы молодых игристых вин, полученных из винограда сорта Шардоне путем брожения сусла (контроль) и УМ (опыт) и из винограда сор- та Каберне Совиньон путем брожения сусла (розовое вино), брожения мезги (контроль) и с помощью УМ (опыт). Выявлено, что опытный образец из винограда сорта Шардоне имел соломенно-золотистый цвет, чистый разнопла- новый ароматический комплекс плодового направления с цветочными нотками и дюшесно-леденцовыми оттен- ками, но недостаточно гармоничный вкус из-за выраженной танинной горчинки и низкой кислотности, из-за чего его дегустационная оценка оказалась ниже, чем у контрольного образца. Опытный образец из винограда сорта Ка- берне Совиньон по сравнению с контролем имел более насыщенный темно-рубиновый цвет, чистый сложный бу- кет ягодно-пряного направления с оттенками смородины, шоколада, чернослива и древесными нотками, свежий, полный вкус с оттенками сафьяна. В опытном красном образце по сравнению с контролем содержалось большее количество красящих веществ. Установлено, что по сравнению с распространенной технологией производства мо- лодых игристых вин из белого и красного винограда применение углекислотной мацерации способствует больше- му накоплению фенольных веществ (в том числе обладающих биологической активностью), усилению интенсив- ности цвета, появлению более разнопланового ароматического комплекса, улучшению пенистых свойств готовой продукции. Для более гармоничного вкуса молодых оранжевых игристых вин, полученных с помощью УМ, ре- комендуется использовать виноград с достаточной кислотностью и оптимальным содержанием полифенолов. Due to the growing demand for high-quality young sparkling wines with good typical properties and a high content of useful substances that do not require much time for production, it is important to study the influence of the carbon dioxide maceration (CM) process on the quality of young sparkling wines in comparison with the common technology for their production. The objects of the study were samples of young sparkling wines obtained from Chardonnay grapes by fermentation of must (control) and CM (experiment) and from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes by fermentation of must (rose wine), pulp fermentation (control) and using CM (experiment). It was revealed that the experimental sample from the Chardonnay grape variety had a straw-golden color, a pure diverse aromatic complex of fruit direction with floral notes and duchess-candy shades, but not enough harmonious taste due to pronounced tannin bitterness and low acidity, which is why its tasting the score was lower than that of the control sample. The experimental sample made from Cabernet Sauvignon grapes, compared to the control, had a more saturated dark ruby color, a clean complex bouquet of berry-spicy direction, with hints of currants, chocolate, prunes and woody notes, a fresh, full taste with hints of morocco. The experimental red sample contained a larger amount of coloring substances compared to the control. It has been established that, in comparison with the common technology for the production of young sparkling wines from white and red grapes, the use of carbon dioxide maceration contributes to a greater accumulation of phenolic substances (including those with biological activity), increased color intensity, the appearance of a more diverse aromatic complex, and improved foamy properties of the finished product. For a more harmonious taste of young orange sparkling wines obtained using CM, it is recommended to use grapes with sufficient acidity and optimal polyphenol content

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N’zebo, N’zebo Jean-Michel, Amedée Pascal Ahi, Kouakou Martin Dje, Aka Faustin Kabran i Lucien Patrice Kouamé. "Chemical Composition and mineral bioavailability of Tetrapleura tetraptera (Schumach & Thonn.) Taub. Fruit Pulp Consumed as Spice in South-eastern Côte d’Ivoire." Turkish Journal of Agriculture - Food Science and Technology 7, nr 11 (22.11.2019): 1817. http://dx.doi.org/10.24925/turjaf.v7i11.1817-1824.2662.

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The aim of this study was to evaluate the chemical composition and mineral bioavailability of T. tetraptera fruit pulp, an aromatic wild edible plant, using standard methods. The pulp were extracted from mature dried fruits obtained from plants at Awabo (5°30’14.2”N and 4°01’30.6”W) and Loviguié villages (5°48’24.5’’N and 4°20’15.8”W), all in south-eastern Côte d’Ivoire. The results of chemical analysis revealed that T. tetraptera fruit pulp contains carbohydrates (63.73±0.51%), crude protein (7.01±0.66%), crude fat (1.18±0.01%), ash (5.38±0.18%), fibre (11.78±0.02%), moisture (40.52±0.18%) and an energy value of 254.74±0.15 kcal/100g. Besides, the results showed a relative high amount of vitamin A (2.11±0.02%) and vitamin B9 (261.78±0.01 µg/100g) while vitamin E, B1 and B2 in trace concentration. Otherwise, the phytochemical analysis (mg/100g) based on dry weight revealed an appreciable amount of total phenol (2407.10±8.36), flavonoids (14.29±0.56), tannins (55.11±0.44), catechin (392.93±1.01) and also carotenoids (108.19±7.42 µg/100g). Organic acids profile (mg/100mL) showed citric acid (175.06±0.02) and salicylic acid (109.85±0.01) as major organic acids. Mineral composition (mg/100g) on dry weight basis revealed that potassium (1303.67±0.58) is the most abundant followed by phosphorus (303.33±5.77), calcium (187.33±0.58) and magnesium (141.33±0.57). Furthermore, the Phytates:Zn, Phytates:Ca, Oxalates:Ca and Phytates*Ca:Zn molar ratios recorded were all below than recommended threshold values, implying a bioavailability of zinc and calcium. These data indicate that the pulp of this fruit could be a good source of ingredient for both medicine and food industries in production.

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Björquist, Stina, Julia Aronsson, Gunnar Henriksson i Anders Persson. "Textile qualities of regenerated cellulose fibers from cotton waste pulp". Textile Research Journal 88, nr 21 (28.07.2017): 2485–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0040517517723021.

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Cotton is not the answer to meet the rapidly growing demand for textile fibers. Wood-based regenerated cellulose fibers are an attractive alternative. Since wood is a candidate to replace fossil raw materials in so many applications of the circular economy, other sources need investigation. Cotton linters work in the viscose process – can cotton waste be used to make dissolving pulp? We describe the textile qualities of lyocell fibers from (i) pure cotton waste pulp and (ii) blending with conventional dissolving pulp. The staple fibers were tensile tested, yarns spun and tensile tested and knitted, and tested for shrinkage, water and dye sorption, abrasion resistance, fuzzing and pilling, staining and fastness. TENCEL® staple fibers and off-the-shelf TENCEL® yarn were used as references. The results show that the two study fibers had tenacity and an E-modulus that exceeded the staple fiber reference. Also, the study yarns were at least as good as the spun reference yarn and the commercial off-the-shelf yarn in terms of wet tenacity. Single jerseys made from the study yarns shrunk less upon laundering, which is surprising since they could absorb at least as much water at a comparable rate as the references. Dyeability, staining and color fastness, durability and pilling tendency showed that the two study fiber tricots performed at least as good as the references. This study suggests that cotton waste is a promising candidate for special grade pulp to suit niche regenerated fiber products or to spice up conventional wood-based dissolving pulp.

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Mikhail, Mark, Justin C. R. Wormald, Neal Thurley, Nicholas Riley i Benjamin J. F. Dean. "Therapeutic interventions for acute complete ruptures of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb: a systematic review". F1000Research 7 (8.06.2018): 714. http://dx.doi.org/10.12688/f1000research.15065.1.

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Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of interventions for acute complete rupture of the ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the thumb in adults. Methods: The following databases were searched: MEDLINE and EMBASE via OVID, CINAHL and SPORTDiscus via EBSCO, from database inception to 31st January 2018. Inclusion criteria were: (i) randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs) or study of intervention with a comparator; (ii) participants with diagnosis of acute complete rupture of the UCL of the thumb; (iii) participants aged 18 years of age or older at enrolment; and (iv) published in a peer-reviewed English-language journal. Results: In total, six studies were identified for inclusion after screening. All studies had a high risk of bias. Three studies were retrospective comparative case series which compared two different surgical techniques (bone anchor versus pull out suture, suture versus pull out suture, suture versus steel wire). Of these studies, three were RCTs, two of which compared different rehabilitation regimes in patients managed surgically (plaster versus early mobilization, new spica versus standard spica). The remaining RCT compared two different rehabilitation regimes in a mixed group of surgically/non-surgically treated patients. The RCT comparing a standard spica with a new spica demonstrated a statistically significant improvement in outcomes with the new spica at all time points (range of motion, Dreiser index and VAS); this was also the only study to provide sufficient outcome data for further analysis. Conclusion: There is no prospective evidence comparing surgery to non-operative treatment for acute complete ruptures of the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb. There is weak evidence to suggest that early mobilisation may be beneficial following surgical repair. Further research is necessary to better define which patients benefit from which specific interventions.

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Wu, Yang Bo, Jian Ping Hu i Hong Li. "Leakage Power Estimation of Adiabatic Circuits Using SPICE in Nanometer CMOS Processes". Advanced Materials Research 108-111 (maj 2010): 625–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.108-111.625.

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In deep sub-micro CMOS process, the leakage power is becoming a significant proportion in power dissipation. Hence, estimating the leakage power of CMOS circuits is very important in low-power design. In this paper, an estimation technology for the total leakage power of adiabatic logic circuits by using SPICE is proposed. The basic principle of power estimation for traditional CMOS circuits using SPICE is introduced. According to the energy dissipation characteristic of adiabatic circuits, the estimation technology for leakage power is discussed. Taken as an example, the estimation for total leakage power dissipations of PAL-2N (pass-transistor adiabatic logic with NMOS pull-down configuration) circuits is illustrated using the proposed estimation technology.

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BUDD, JULIAN M. L. "Inhibitory basket cell synaptic input to layer IV simple cells in cat striate visual cortex (area 17): A quantitative analysis of connectivity". Visual Neuroscience 17, nr 3 (maj 2000): 331–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s095252380017302x.

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In the absence of a direct and specific marker for basket cells, the aim of this paper was to use available data to estimate the density of basket cell synaptic input to smooth and spiny neurons within layer IV of cat striate visual cortex (area 17). A linear quantitative analysis of layer IV basket cell connectivity data suggests that on average basket cells (1) comprise 25–35% of all GABAergic neurons in layer IV (3552–4736 cells mm−3), (2) account for 30–41% of all putative inhibitory dendritic synapses of layer IV spiny stellate cells (145–195 synapses cell−1) and a similar proportion of layer IV basket cells (25–37%, 71–107 synapses cell−1), and (3) provide each layer IV spiny cell with 13–45 axons and each layer IV basket cell with 6–29 axons. These estimates suggest that basket cells may be less common and provide a smaller proportion of the dendritic synaptic input to layer IV spiny and smooth neurons than previously thought. In addition, the analysis indicates that a layer IV spiny stellate cell may receive on average as many synapses and axons from layer IV basket cells as from lateral geniculate relay cells. Based on this potential numerical similarity, a geniculate-basket synaptic pairing in a spine-shaft microcircuit is hypothesized. This microcircuit could implement a type of local (dendritic) push–pull interaction underlying subfield antagonism.

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Kusmayadi, Andri, Ristina Siti Sundari i Yusuf Sumaryana. "INOVASI TELUR ASIN ASAP PEDAS SEBAGAI PRODUK DIVERSIFIKASI PANGAN UNGGULAN DESA SUKANAGALIH KABUPATEN TASIKMALAYA". LOGISTA - Jurnal Ilmiah Pengabdian kepada Masyarakat 5, nr 1 (1.07.2021): 285. http://dx.doi.org/10.25077/logista.5.1.285-290.2021.

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Telur merupakan salah satu produk pangan asal hewan yang memiliki nilai gizi tinggi dan berharga murah sehingga banyak dikonsumsi oleh masyarakat. Telur asin merupakan produk olahan telur yang biasa dibuat dari telur itik dengan tujuan untuk meningkatkan masa simpan telur segar dan nafsu makan konsumen. Varian rasa telur asin saat ini cukup banyak, salah satunya yaitu telur asin asap. Telur asin asap rasa pedas merupakan inovasi diversifikasi pangan yang diharapkan dapat disukai konsumen dari berbagai golongan. Berbagai kegiatan pengolahan telur asin asap rasa pedas telah dilakukan di Desa Sukanagalih, Kecamatan Rajapolah, Kabupaten Tasikmalaya. Tujuan program pengabdian kepada masyarakat ini yaitu untuk meningkatkan keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengolah telur asin asap rasa pedas sebagai salah satu produk unggulan di wilayah tersebut. Metode pengabdian kepada masyarakat dilakukan dengan cara penyuluhan, pelatihan dan pendampingan pada kelompok mitra. Penyuluhan dilakukan dengan cara sosialisasi pentingnya diversifikasi pada produk pangan hewani. Pelatihan dilakukan dengan cara praktek pembuatan telur asin asap rasa pedas mulai dari telur itik segar sampai terbentuknya produk telur asin asap rasa pedas. Pendampingan dilakukan secara berkala pada kedua kelompok mitra agar semakin terampil dalam mengolah produk sampai pemasaran produk melalui berbagai media social dan e-commerce. Hasil kegiatan ini berupa meningkatnya keterampilan masyarakat dalam mengolah telur asin asap rasa pedas sehingga dapat dijadikan sebagai salah satu peluang bisnis masyarakat. Dengan meningkatnya keterampilan tersebut, pendapatan masyarakat meningkat pula karena adanya margin harga jual telur yang cukup tinggi antara telur itik segar dengan produk telur asin asap rasa pedas. Kata kunci: Digital Marketing, Diversifikasi Pangan, Pengabdian Masyarakat, Telur Asin Asap ABSTRACT Eggs are one of the food products of animal origin that have high nutritional value and are cheap so that they are widely consumed by the public. Salted eggs are processed egg products which are usually made from duck eggs with the aim of increasing the shelf life of fresh eggs and consumer appetite. There are quite a lot of salted egg flavors, one of which is smoked salted egg. Spicy smoked salted egg is a food diversification innovation that is expected to be liked by consumers from various groups. Various activities of processing spicy smoked salted eggs have been carried out in Sukanagalih Village, Rajapolah District, Tasikmalaya Regency. The aim of this community service program is to improve community skills in processing spicy smoked salted eggs as one of the leading products in the region. The method of community service is carried out by means of counseling, training and mentoring to partner groups. Extension is carried out by socializing the importance of diversification in animal food products. The training was conducted by practicing making spicy smoked salted eggs, starting from fresh duck eggs to the formation of spicy smoked salted eggs. Assistance is carried out periodically for the two groups of partners to make them more skilled in processing products to marketing products through various social media and e-commerce. The results of this activity are in the form of increased community skills in processing spicy smoked salted eggs so that they can be used as one of the community's business opportunities. With the improvement in these skills, people's income has also increased due to the fairly high margin of egg selling price between fresh duck eggs and spicy smoked salted egg products. Keywords: Digital Marketing, Food Diversification, Community Service, Smoked Salted Egg

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Jalbrzykowski, S., i T. Citko. "Push-pull resonant DC-DC isolated converter". Bulletin of the Polish Academy of Sciences: Technical Sciences 61, nr 4 (1.12.2013): 763–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bpasts-2013-0082.

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Abstract A new concept of a DC-DC converter with galvanic isolation is proposed in this paper. The converter belongs to the class E resonant converters controlled by pulse width modulation via frequency regulation (PWM FM). Due to the possibility of operation in the boost and buck modes, the converter is characterized by a high range of voltage gain regulation. The principle of converter operation described by mathematical equations is presented. The theoretical investigations are confirmed by p-spice model simulations and the measurement of an experimental model of 1kW laboratory prototype.

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ILYINA, R. Yu, E. V. URAKOVА i R. V. LEKSIN. "Case of a surgical rehabilitation of a patient with an abnormal tooth structure". Practical medicine 19, nr 4 (2021): 116–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.32000/2072-1757-2021-4-116-118.

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The article presents the results of a clinical observation of patient M. with an abnormal tooth structure and shape in the frontal maxilla. Teething was accompanied by an atypical suppurative process similar to a follicular cyst. Congenital pathologies of the maxillofacial area often include abnormalities in the shape and number of teeth. The main types of abnormal tooth shape are: spiky teeth, the crowns of which are tenon-shaped or conical in shape; Fournier teeth, when the permanent teeth, namely the lower and upper molars, have the shape of a cone; Pfluger teeth — underdeveloped teeth, the size of the neck of which is larger than the size of the gums. Taurodontism («bovine» teeth) is a violation of the teeth shape, which is more often observed in permanent molars, when the tooth body and pulp cavity increase vertically at the expense of the roots. As a result, the pulp cavity and the furcation of the tooth move apically down the root. Patient M. underwent surgical tooth extraction with further replacement of a bone defect with a PRP technique. A differentiated approach is recommended in the treatment of anomalies of difficult teething, taking into account the further restoration of defects by orthopedic methods.

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Sinh, Josi-Noelline, Chépo Ghislaine Dan i Jean Tia Gonnety. "Sensory Characteristics and Antioxidant Activities of the Spice from the Fruit Pulp of Coelocaryon oxycarpum". Asian Food Science Journal 5, nr 2 (23.10.2018): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/afsj/2018/44654.

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Mitrović, Mihajlo, Dražen Jelača i Ivana Mitrović. "The pull-out reparation technique for ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the thumb". Halo 194 26, nr 3 (2020): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.5937/halo26-29525.

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Introduction: Ulnar collateral ligament (UCL) of the thumb injury is a very common injury. However, due to the complexity of the ligament anatomy, the inexperience of doctors and unavailability of diagnostic procedures, the ulnar collateral ligament of the thumb injury is most commonly overseen. The consequences are loss of thumb function, instability and pain in the metacarpophalangeal joint, and accelerated osteoarthrosis. For these precise reasons, there is a clear consensus that this injury should be treated operatively. Objective: The objective of this paper is to present the results of the pull-out technique for reconstructing the UCL ligament. Methodology: In between 2018 and 2020, we have operated on 11 patients with the UCL of the thumb rupture in our department. We approached the dorsoulnar side of the metacarpophalangeal (MCP) joint of the thumb using the standard lazy S incision. In 9 out of 11 patients, a Stener ligament lesion was discovered. All patients had their ligament reconstructed using the pull-out technique, where the ligament was sewn through, then guided through a channel created using a K needle on the radial side of the base of the thumb. Postoperatively, a spica plaster orthosis was placed on the thumb. Results: The patients returned for re-evaluation 6, 12 and 24 weeks after surgery. Upon 24 weeks, the patients had no complaints regarding their thumb, they had full grip strength and could perform all the various grips. Two of the patients had a limited abduction amplitude of the thumb in the MCP joint, which didn't affect the outcome. There was no injury to the sensory branch of the radial nerve. Conclusion: The pull-out technique is a safe, quick and cheap operative technique for UCL of the thumb reconstruction.

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Beal, Aubrey Nathan. "Modeling Nonlinear MEMS Beams and the Chaotic Duffing Oscillator in SPICE". Additional Conferences (Device Packaging, HiTEC, HiTEN, and CICMT) 2017, DPC (1.01.2017): 1–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/2017dpc-tp4_presentation3.

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Nonlinear MEMS beams have been modeled using SPICE. This allows for the complex dynamics of MEMS resonators to be observed parallel to their supporting electronics via circuit simulation. Silicon generally provides suitably linear parameters for use in MEMS. However, nonlinearities may arise due to issues such as amplitude-frequency (A-F) effect, large displacement of the proof mass, pull-in voltage, fatigue, material or electrical parameters, process variation, simplified beam modeling and nonlinear spring constants. By modeling these effects in SPICE, the design of electronics that automatically test, calibrate, report or even mitigate these effects is aided. Single-crystal silicon is a highly linear material up until its failure, especially type <100>. High quality factor MEMS devices may, however, be affected by even small nonlinear terms in the material's Young's modulus. Geometric deformations may also occur due to decreases in cross-sectional area of beams in reaction to stretching and loading. Specifically, by including nonlinear geometric effects of MEMS beams and nonlinear terms in the Young's modulus of <100> and <110> silicon - nonlinear and chaotic oscillations are shown to arise via SPICE simulation. Using this SPICE modeling method, electronic systems were designed to monitor the nonlinear parameters of MEMS beams that cause A-F effect and chaotic Duffing oscillations. Extracting parameters such as those from the oscillation's Poincare section may yield advantage in built-in self-test (BIST) applications. The features in these nonlinear oscillations extend parameters to monitor and potentially calibrate MEMS devices for reliability, stability and processing variation.

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Jiang, Jin Tao, Li Fang Ye i Jian Ping Hu. "Leakage Reduction of P-Type Logic Circuits Using Pass-Transistor Adiabatic Logic with PMOS Pull-up Configuration". Applied Mechanics and Materials 39 (listopad 2010): 73–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.39.73.

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Leakage power reduction is extremely important in the design of nano-circuits. Gate leakage has become a significant component in currently used nanometer CMOS processes with gate oxide structure. The structure and operation of the PAL-2P (pass-transistor adiabatic logic with PMOS pull-up configuration) circuits that consist mostly of PMOS transistors are complementary to PAL-2N (pass-transistor adiabatic logic with NMOS pull-down configuration) ones that consist mostly of NMOS transistors. This paper investigates gate leakage reduction of the PAL-2P circuits in nanometer CMOS processes with gate oxide materials. An s27 benchmark circuit from the ISCAS89 sequential benchmark set is verified using the PAL-2P scheme. All circuits are simulated with HSPICE using the 65nm CMOS process with gate oxide materials. Based on the power dissipation models of PAL-2P adiabatic circuits, active leakage dissipations are estimated by testing total leakage dissipations using SPICE simulations. The PAL-2P circuits consume low static power compared with traditional PAL-2N ones.

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Solomonova, Ekaterina Vladimirovna, Nikolay Aleksandrovich Trusov i Tatyana Dmitrievna Nozdrina. "Search for alternative plant raw materials for food industry and environmentally safe animal breeding". RUDN Journal of Agronomy and Animal Industries 16, nr 1 (15.12.2021): 18–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2312-797x-2021-16-1-18-29.

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The relevance of the search for alternative plant raw materials to enrich the diets of population throughout the world, including in the Russian Federation, is explained by global mass year-round insufficiency of biologically active nutrients in food. This work is aimed at identifying the most promising food plant species from the list, proposed on basis of long-term observations by staff of Tsytsin Main Moscow Botanical Garden of Russian Academy of Sciences (MBG RAS), by bachelors, studying in direction 06.03.01 (Biology) at Moscow State University of Food Production. The research materials (2016-2018) are fruits of hawthorns, rosehips, quince, eleutherococcuses, medlar, mahonia, spindle tree, yews, sumacs, oaks, red-fruited honeysuckles and needles of coniferous plants. Research results indicate the value of studied raw materials as a whole and its advantages in compared species within the genus of plants. Some recommendations for practical usage were made. The following things have been proposed: separation of fruit pulp and seeds before drying of fruits of Crataegus submollis and more preferable C. punctata; wide plantation cultivation of rosehips Rosa amblyotis and R. oxyodon; non-waste separate application of pericarp and seeds of Cydonia oblonga, Mespilus germanica and Mahonia aquifolium; medicinal use of fruits of Eleutherococcus sessiliflorus , and more preferable E. senticosus ; further study of cones of Taxus baccata and T. media; as a spice there is usage of fruits of Rhus typhina ; obtaining unique oils from fruit pulp of Lonicera glehnii, L . ferdinandii, L. maackii and arils of Euonymus europaeus; usage of acorns of Quercus robur, Q. rubra and needles of Picea abies, Pinus sylvestris in feed production. Thus, possibilities of intensifying plant resource usage in the food industry and agriculture were discovered, primarily due to fruits of native introduced species. It is necessary to continue search and further study of the most promising species - sources of alternative plant raw materials.

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Signorini, Gianni, Claudio Siviero, Igor Simone Stievano i Stefano Grivet-Talocia. "Enhanced Mpilog macromodels for Signal and Power Integrity Simulations". International Symposium on Microelectronics 2015, nr 1 (1.10.2015): 000306–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.4071/isom-2015-wa61.

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Due to increasingly stringent low-cost and small form-factor design constraints, Signal and Power Integrity analyses (SI&PI) have gained a paramount importance in the definition and optimization of mobile platforms. Operating margins are dramatically reduced in order to meet all the required design targets and constraints (extensive re-use, time-to-market, etc.). In this scenario, transistor-level simulations for platform-level analyses are inefficient and often, impractical. I/O-buffer models become essential and their accuracy is crucial for the reliability of SI&PI studies. As data-rates increase, signaling swing reduces and power-supply voltage noise becomes inevitable, state-of-the-art legacy models are limited for SI&PI co-simulations. This work summarizes the recent enhancements of “Mpilog”-class macromodels for high-speed I/O-buffers. Mpilog macromodels reproduce voltage and currents at I/O and (multiple) supply ports as weighted combinations of pull-up/pull-down static and dynamic components. The static parts are extracted via nested DC sweeps simulations and reproduced by tensor representations obtained via high-order singular value decomposition (SVD) processes. The dynamic components are described by linear state-space models identified from device's transient responses to suitable stimuli. For transmitters, the weighting functions match the output-port transitions and the dynamic supply-current profiles, capturing also the dependency of switching delays upon supply-voltage fluctuations; this is a key feature that enables Mpilog macromodels to precisely reproduce simultaneous-switching-noise (SSN) effects in complex system-level SI&PI simulations. The macromodels can be readily synthesized as SPICE netlists (including resistors, capacitors and controlled-sources) or Verilog-A codes; this allows their use in any SPICE-type electrical solver. Several examples of realistic SI&PI simulations for single-ended and differential interfaces are presented. Transistor-level simulations are compared with the corresponding ones based on Mpilog-macromodels: the resulting accuracy and the speed-up factors are extensively discussed. Comparisons with state-of-the-art legacy models (IBIS) are also discussed.

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Kakarla, Prathusha, Jared Floyd, MunMun Mukherjee, Amith R. Devireddy, Madhuri A. Inupakutika, Indrika Ranweera, Ranjana KC i in. "Inhibition of the multidrug efflux pump LmrS from Staphylococcus aureus by cumin spice Cuminum cyminum". Archives of Microbiology 199, nr 3 (9.11.2016): 465–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s00203-016-1314-5.

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Pușcaș, Andreea, Anda E. Tanislav, Romina A. Marc, Vlad Mureșan, Andruța E. Mureșan, Emoke Pall i Constantin Cerbu. "Cytotoxicity Evaluation and Antioxidant Activity of a Novel Drink Based on Roasted Avocado Seed Powder". Plants 11, nr 8 (15.04.2022): 1083. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/plants11081083.

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The avocado seed is an underused waste resulting from the processing of pulp. Polyphenols, fibers, and carotenoids are present in the seed, which also exhibits prophylactic, fungicidal, and larvicidal effects. Developing food products with avocado seed as an ingredient or spice is highly desired for nutritional, environmental, and economic reasons. The present study proposed its valorization in a hot drink, similar to already existing coffee alternatives, obtained by infusing the roasted and grinded avocado seed. The proximate composition of the raw or conditioned avocado seed and that of the novel drink were determined. The total phenolic content was assessed using the Folin-Ciocâlteu method. The total carotenoids were extracted and assessed spectrophotometrically. Starch determination was performed by the Ewers Polarimetric method. The highest content of polyphenols, 772.90 mg GAE/100 g, was determined in the crude seed, while in the drink was as low as 17.55 mg GAE/100 g. However, the proposed drink demonstrated high antioxidant capacity, evaluated through the DPPH method. This might be due to the high content of the total carotenoid compounds determined in the roasted seed (6534.48 µg/100 g). The proposed drink demonstrated high antiproliferative activity on Hs27 and DLD-1 cell lines.

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Ramachandran, Pushkala, i Srividya Nagarajan. "Quality Characteristics, Nutraceutical Profile, and Storage Stability of Aloe Gel-Papaya Functional Beverage Blend". International Journal of Food Science 2014 (2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/847013.

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Aloe veragel, well known for its nutraceutical potential, is being explored as a functional ingredient in a wide array of health foods and drinks. Processing of exotic fruits and herbal botanicals into functional beverage is an emerging sector in food industry. The present study was undertaken to develop a spiced functional RTS beverage blend using Aloe gel (AG) and papaya. Aloe gel (30%), papaya pulp (15%), spice extract (5%), and citric acid (0.1%) were mixed in given proportion to prepare the blend with TSS of 15 °Brix. The product was bottled, pasteurized, and stored at room temperature. The quality characteristics and storage stability of the spiced beverage blend (SAGPB) were compared with spiced papaya RTS beverage (SPB). Periodic analysis was carried out up to five months for various physicochemical parameters, sugar profile, bioactive compounds, microbial quality, instrumental color, and sensory acceptability. The SAGPB exhibited superior quality characteristics compared to SPB both in fresh and in stored samples. The SPB was acceptable up to four months and SAGPB for five months. The results indicate that nutraceutical rich AG could be successfully utilized to develop functional fruit beverages with improved quality and shelf life.

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Tayal, Shubham, i Sunil Jadav. "Power-Delay Trade-Offs in Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Circuits Using Self and Optimum Bulk Control". Sensor Letters 18, nr 3 (1.03.2020): 210–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1166/sl.2020.4211.

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Power dissipation and delay are the challenging issues in the design of VLSI circuits. This manuscript explores joint effect of Self-Bias transistors (SBTs) and Optimum Bulk Bias Technique (OBBT) on CMOS circuits. Earlier investigations on SBTs shows decrease in power dissipation of combinational as well as sequential circuits. We extend the analysis by studying the effect of OBBT on the static and dynamic power of CMOS circuits with SBTs coupled amid the pull-up/down network and the supply bars. Extensive SPICE simulations have been carried out in 0.18 μm technology. Results demonstrate that, a 73% drop in power in case of combinational circuits and 43% in case of sequential circuits can be accomplished by engaging OBBT in digital circuits. Trade-off between power and delay is also been presented.

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Thokala, Mohan Rao. "High Speed and Low Leakage Power Voltage Level Shifter using Regulated Cross-Coupled Network". Journal of Applied Science, Engineering, Technology, and Education 5, nr 1 (30.06.2023): 123–32. http://dx.doi.org/10.35877/454ri.asci1649.

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This concise presents a power efficient level shifter using regulated cross-coupled network with split inverter. With the use of regulated cross-coupled network, power dissipation of the pull-up region drastically decreases. Level shifters convert the voltage levels which are below the threshold voltage to the acceptable voltage levels by decreasing the transistor size. A Split inverter is used at the output to decrease the short circuit current. Modified Split inverter along with the load capacitor at the output is used to increase the speed and to decrease the power consumption. This LS can save 31% power compared to other techniques. The proposed level shifter works effectively at high speed and consumes less power. For simulation, LT spice tool of 50 nm technology and 90 nm technology is used.

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N, Vengadeswari, i Priscilla Whitin. "Review a Low Power CMOS Charge Pump using Power Gating Techniques to Reduce Leakage Power". International Journal of Engineering & Technology 7, nr 3.1 (4.08.2018): 27. http://dx.doi.org/10.14419/ijet.v7i3.1.16790.

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In most case, charge pump circuit is designed based on capacitor, where voltage is increased at each stage depending on each stage voltage gain. Major elements are all charge pumps circuits one is Pumping capacitors and diode connected MOS.To increases pumping efficiency is very higher for each stage of charge pump circuits. Pumping efficiency are limiting by two parameters one is parasitic capacitance and threshold voltage. The power dissipated from the circuit can be increased by attain of leakage current .To resist this leakage in the circuits the supply voltage is major concern. To reduce the leakage with the help of power gating technique .Charge pump circuits are to be designed and verified by using tanner t-spice tools.

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Lala, Mousikha, Malay Bhattacharya i Arnab Sen. "Pharmacological Activity of Citrus macroptera: an overview of a medicinal plant". NBU Journal of Plant Sciences 11, nr 1 (2019): 85–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.55734/nbujps.2019.v11i01.005.

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Plants and plant parts have been extensively used as medicine from the dates of early civilization. They are low in cost and have least side effects. In India, the practice of the traditional medicinal can be traced back to 5000 B.C. Citrus macroptera (Mont.) of the family Rutaceae is a bitter fruit bearing plant commonly found in tropical and subtropical regions. It is an endangered wild plant of North-eastern India. Various parts of this plant such as leaves, bark, pulp, peel specially fruits have an immense range of medicinal importance and has been used in different kinds of ailments like fever, kidney and liver dysfunction, dyspepsia, cardiovascular disease, stroke and many more to mention. The fruit of this perennial spiny plant has potential antioxidant, cytotoxic, antimicrobial, antihypertensive, antipyretic and appetite stimulant activity. The principal phytochemical constituents of this plant are Ribalinine, Edulinine, Bergamottin, Psoralen, Marmin, Severine, Geipavarine, β-pinene, α-pinene, ρ-cimene, (E)-ocimene, vanilline, Rutin, kaempferol, sabinene, limonene, γ-terpinene and so forth. Furthurmore thrombolytic, antidiabetic, antidepressant, cardioprotective, hepatoprotective activity have been reported on this plant. This review represents a comprehensive study on the various aspects of Citrus macroptera with respect to their traditional and medicinal usage or better use as alternative medicine for various kinds of treatments.

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Wenceslau, Cristiane Valverde, Dener Madeiro de Souza, Nicole Caroline Mambelli-Lisboa, Leandro Hideki Ynoue, Rodrigo Pinheiro Araldi, Joyce Macedo da Silva, Eduardo Pagani, Monica Santoro Haddad i Irina Kerkis. "Restoration of BDNF, DARPP32, and D2R Expression Following Intravenous Infusion of Human Immature Dental Pulp Stem Cells in Huntington’s Disease 3-NP Rat Model". Cells 11, nr 10 (17.05.2022): 1664. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cells11101664.

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Huntington’s disease (HD) is a neurodegenerative inherited genetic disorder, which leads to the onset of motor, neuropsychiatric and cognitive disturbances. HD is characterized by the loss of gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)ergic medium spiny neurons (MSNs). To date, there is no treatment for HD. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) provide a substantial therapeutic opportunity for the HD treatment. Herein, we investigated the therapeutic potential of human immature dental pulp stem cells (hIDPSC), a special type of MSC originated from the neural crest, for HD treatment. Two different doses of hIDPSC were intravenously administrated in a subacute 3-nitropropionic acid (3NP)-induced rat model. We demonstrated hIDPSC homing in the striatum, cortex and subventricular zone using specific markers for human cells. Thirty days after hIDPSC administration, the cells found in the brain are still express hallmarks of undifferentiated MSC. Immunohistochemistry quantities analysis revealed a significant increase in the number of BDNF, DARPP32 and D2R positive stained cells in the striatum and cortex in the groups that received hIDPSC. The differences were more expressive in animals that received only one administration of hIDPSC. Altogether, these data suggest that the intravenous administration of hIDPSCs can restore the BDNF, DARPP32 and D2R expression, promoting neuroprotection and neurogenesis.

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Sembiring, Bagem Br, Muhammad Zainal Fanani i Helmi Haris. "Pengolahan Selai Buah Pala Pada Skala Industri Rumah Tangga". Jurnal Ilmiah Pangan Halal 5, nr 2 (22.10.2023): 136–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.30997/jiph.v5i2.10621.

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Nutmeg is one of the spice commodities with the main products are seeds, mace, and essential oil. The taste of the flesh of nutmeg is sour, and the gummy is not like. The percentage of nutmeg flesh is much higher than other parts but has not utilized the optimal by people. Blanching by steaming or boiling can reduce the astringency of the nutmeg flesh, apart from soaking in a salt solution. Nutmeg pulp can processed into various products, one of them is jam. The study aims to get the jam product that the panelists like most. The activity consists of blanching (steaming and boiling) at temperatures (80 °C and 90°C) for 15 minutes. The activity stages include handling the nutmeg fruit and flesh according to the treatment, processing it into jam and organoleptic testing of jam for color, aroma, taste, texture, spreadability and pH value. The blanching process can influence the panelists’ level of preference for jam. The average score given by the panelists to the color of the jam was 5.4 (like), aroma 5.3 (like), taste 5.27 (like), and texture 5.33 (like). Blanching by boiling at 90°C for 15 minutes before processing produces the jam product most liked by the panelist

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Karthikeyan, Dr A., N. Pavithra, S. Priyadharshini, P. Sabarithini i R. Thavaseela. "Artificial Intelligence-Based Control for Reactive Power of Electric Drive System for Pump". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 3006–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.43030.

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Abstract: This paper affords an impression device implementation found out for the electrical force device of a pump station supported analysis, this country of the control approach for the electrical force device of a pump station, and present challenges. The operation’s findings display that this type of control plan is feasible , which with the help of using incorporating computing , it'll successfully keep guide diligence while conjointly sleuthing pump station failures, thence growing the voltage pleasant of the power provide device. A nonlinear proportional operation approaches the transmission sign of the pumping station’s electric force device, and additionally the sign enters the nonlinear perform reckoner of the neural community controller, anyplace the neural community’s nonlinear mapping capacity is hired to understand computing control via the perform. Design questioning gives a framework that allows us. to spice up the proper query on the proper time while constructing partner AI solution. Moreover, it promotes a mind-set that accepts uncertainty, an massive component for varied superior AI comes Keywords: Electric force, Pump station, AI, Power supply system

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Wang, Andrew, Scott D. Pope, Jason S. Weinstein, Shuang Yu, Cuiling Zhang, Carmen J. Booth i Ruslan Medzhitov. "Specific sequences of infectious challenge lead to secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis-like disease in mice". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 116, nr 6 (23.01.2019): 2200–2209. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1820704116.

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Secondary hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (sHLH) is a highly mortal complication associated with sepsis. In adults, it is often seen in the setting of infections, especially viral infections, but the mechanisms that underlie pathogenesis are unknown. sHLH is characterized by a hyperinflammatory state and the presence hemophagocytosis. We found that sequential challenging of mice with a nonlethal dose of viral toll-like receptor (TLR) agonist followed by a nonlethal dose of TLR4 agonist, but not other permutations, produced a highly lethal state that recapitulates many aspects of human HLH. We found that this hyperinflammatory response could be recapitulated in vitro in bone marrow-derived macrophages. RNA sequencing analyses revealed dramatic up-regulation of the red-pulp macrophage lineage-defining transcription factor SpiC and its associated transcriptional program, which was also present in bone marrow macrophages sorted from patients with sHLH. Transcriptional profiling also revealed a unique metabolic transcriptional profile in these macrophages, and immunometabolic phenotyping revealed impaired mitochondrial function and oxidative metabolism and a reliance on glycolytic metabolism. Subsequently, we show that therapeutic administration of the glycolysis inhibitor 2-deoxyglucose was sufficient to rescue animals from HLH. Together, these data identify a potential mechanism for the pathogenesis of sHLH and a potentially useful therapeutic strategy for its treatment.

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Olatoye, Kazeem, Adetunji Lawal i Idowu Olamilekan. "Chemical composition and consumer acceptability of cookies flavoured with vanilla-Aidan (Tetrapleura tetraptera) blends". Acta Periodica Technologica, nr 51 (2020): 39–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/apt2051039o.

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Aidan is an underutilised spice with characteristic fragrant and pungent aromatic odour, similar to vanilla flavour. Chemical composition and consumer acceptability of cookies flavoured with vanilla-Aidan blends were investigated. Aidan pulp was milled and substituted for vanilla powder (25-100%) in cookies formulation. Cookies were characterised for chemical contents and sensory properties using standard methods and panellists test. Data were analysed using ANOVA at ?0.05. The study revealed that chemical contents, (except carbohydrate and metabolizable energy) and sensory properties of cookies significantly improved with increase in addition of Aidan. Moisture content of the cookies ranged between (1.83-3.77%), crude protein (9.83-12.86%), ash (0.55-0.71%), fat (0.98-1.29%), fibre (0.35-0.46%), carbohydrate (81.35-86.45%) and metabolizable energy (380.60-393.94 kcal). Mineral content was significantly influenced, with phosphorus content ranging between (64.00-142.67mg/100g), iron (2.62-6.53 mg/100g) and zinc (3.80 mg/100g- 4.47 mg/100g). The ranges of tannin, phytate, flavonoid and phenolic compounds in mg/100g were 0.07-0.08, 0.17-0.23, 0.53-0.82 and 0.76-1.53 respectively. Mean scores for cookies appearance, taste, aroma, crispness and over all acceptability ranged between 7.23-8.17, 7.30-7.87, 7.33-8.07, 7.20-7.80 and 7.72-8.31, respectively. Panellists accepted sample with 3 g (75%) of Aidan and 1 g (25%) of vanilla the most. Acceptable cookies with good nutritional composition can be produced, using vanilla-Aidan blends as a flavouring agent.

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Wally, Pramita, i Andi Sitti Marwah. "Phytochemical content of Maluku nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) in Inhibiting Skin Pathogenic Bacteria". Journal of Tropical Crop Science 10, nr 03 (29.10.2023): 244–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.29244/jtcs.10.03.244-252.

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Banda nutmeg (Myristica fragrans Houtt) is one of the native species of Maluku that has various benefits other than as a cooking spice. Nutmeg, especially its fruit, offers significant advantages in the medical field as a natural dermatological product, effectively treating skin infections caused by pathogens. One such bacterial infection is pyoderma, characterized by the presence of pus-producing bacteria, leading to the formation of pustules or greenish-yellow crusts upon examination. Among the bacteria responsible for skin infections, Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) are notable bacterial species that cause skin infections. The active compounds found in nutmeg act as antibacterial agents by interfering with the peptidoglycan components within bacterial cells. This interference results in the formation of intact cell walls, ultimately leading to bacterial cell death. This study aimed to identify the bioactive profile of Maluku nutmeg extract metabolites and assess their inhibitory effects on pathogenic bacteria, specifically P. aeruginosa and MRSA, responsible for skin infections. The study revealed the presence of various bioactive compounds in nutmeg extract, including alkaloids, flavonoids, terpenoids, phenols, and tannins. Notably, the application of nutmeg pulp at an 80% concentration proved highly effective in inhibiting bacterial growth, surpassing the efficacy of the positive control. The enhanced effectiveness against MRSA, compared to P. aeruginosa, can be attributed to the higher concentration of secondary metabolites present in nutmeg extracts.

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Dery, J. P., U. Déry, M. Roy, P. Nadeau, R. Bagur, H. Tizon-Marcos, J. Rodés-Cabau i in. "902 The evaluation of the influence of statins and proton pump inhibitors on clopidogrel antiplatelet effects (SPICE) trial". Canadian Journal of Cardiology 27, nr 5 (wrzesień 2011): S335. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.cjca.2011.07.613.

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Ye, Jinming, i Toru Tanzawa. "An Optimum Design of Clocked AC-DC Charge Pump Circuits for Vibration Energy Harvesting". Electronics 9, nr 12 (1.12.2020): 2031. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/electronics9122031.

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This paper shows how clocked AC-DC charge pump circuits can be optimally designed to have the minimum circuit area for small form factor vibration energy harvesting. One can determine an optimum number of stages with simple equations and then determine the capacitance of each pump capacitor to have a target output current at a target output voltage. The equations were verified under a wide range of design parameters by comparing the output current with the simulated one. The output current of the circuit designed by the equations was in good agreement with the simulated result, to within 5% for 98% of the 1600 designs with different parameters. We also propose a design flow to help designers determine the initial design parameters of a clocked AC-DC charge pump circuit (i.e., the number of stages, capacitance per stage, and the total size of rectifying devices) under the condition that the saturation current of a unit of the rectifying device, clock frequency, amplitude of the voltage generated by the energy transducer, target output voltage, and target output current are given. SPICE simulation results validated theoretical results with an error of 3% in terms of the output current when a clocked AC-DC charge pump was designed to output current of 1 μA at 2.5 V from a vibration energy harvester with an AC voltage amplitude of 0.5 V.

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Seneviratne, Anusha, Yumeng Han, Eunice Wong, Edward R. H. Walter, Lijun Jiang, Luke Cave, Nicholas J. Long i in. "Hematoma Resolution In Vivo Is Directed by Activating Transcription Factor 1". Circulation Research 127, nr 7 (11.09.2020): 928–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1161/circresaha.119.315528.

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Rationale: The efficient resolution of tissue hemorrhage is an important homeostatic function. In human macrophages in vitro, heme activates an AMPK (AMP-activated protein kinase)/ATF1 (activating transcription factor-1) pathway that directs Mhem macrophages through coregulation of HO-1 (heme oxygenase-1; HMOX1 ) and lipid homeostasis genes. Objective: We asked whether this pathway had an in vivo role in mice. Methods and Results: Perifemoral hematomas were used as a model of hematoma resolution. In mouse bone marrow–derived macrophages, heme induced HO-1, lipid regulatory genes including LXR (lipid X receptor), the growth factor IGF1 (insulin-like growth factor-1), and the splenic red pulp macrophage gene Spic . This response was lost in bone marrow–derived macrophages from mice deficient in AMPK ( Prkab1 −/ − ) or ATF1 ( Atf1 −/− ). In vivo, femoral hematomas resolved completely between days 8 and 9 in littermate control mice (n=12), but were still present at day 9 in mice deficient in either AMPK ( Prkab1 −/− ) or ATF1 ( Atf1 −/− ; n=6 each). Residual hematomas were accompanied by increased macrophage infiltration, inflammatory activation and oxidative stress. We also found that fluorescent lipids and a fluorescent iron-analog were trafficked to lipid-laden and iron-laden macrophages respectively. Moreover erythrocyte iron and lipid abnormally colocalized in the same macrophages in Atf1 −/− mice. Therefore, iron-lipid separation was Atf1 -dependent. Conclusions: Taken together, these data demonstrate that both AMPK and ATF1 are required for normal hematoma resolution. Graphic Abstract: An online graphic abstract is available for this article.

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Sulistiono, W., M. Assagaf, S. Darniadi i A. Wahab. "Maintain and Improve the Quality of Nutmeg Seeds (Myristica fragrans) through the on Farm to Postharvest Strategy on North Maluku". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1024, nr 1 (1.05.2022): 012080. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1024/1/012080.

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Abstract Nutmeg is a spice native to the North Maluku islands. The high and stable economic value of nutmeg has made this commodity a leading product for export, regional development and farmers' income. However, at the sales stage, not all of the nutmegs have high selling value. There are physical quality grades of seeds, namely A, B and C. The difference between the best grade A (whole seeds) and wrinkled B is IDR. 50,000; - 75,000; whereas grade C nutmeg is crushed (sticky nutmeg to the shell). In the optimal harvest conditions, 70-80% of the nutmegs are produced including grade A. Still, the large amount of nutmeg that goes to grade B (30-40%) makes farmers' income not optimal. Besides that, the quality of the aroma of nutmeg produced is in the form of essential oil content, low myristicin. To maintain the quality of nutmeg, technical efforts are needed in the field, on farm to postharvest. The technology for preparing superior seedlings from selected certified mother trees is the first step in developing nutmeg in order to obtain high quality and not sticky nutmeg. This step includes the production of generative and vegetative seedlings from the certified parent tree entries. The next step, the nutmeg harvest based on the ripeness of the fruit on the tree is about 80%, marked by the opening of the pulp. This step requires monitoring the condition of the fruit so that the harvest is simultaneous and on time to avoid falling fruit that has prolonged contact with the soil surface. The drying stage is carried out with a clean drying floor using sunlight or a drying machine. It is necessary to develop policies for integrated nutmeg commodity estate that carry out a production system with location-specific optimal technology, from garden optimization, harvesting techniques to drying.

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Amrein, Michael A., Elias D. Bührer, Stefan Forster, Stephan Isringhausen, Christian M. Schürch, Salil S. Bhate, Mohamad Al Sayed i in. "Splenic CD24low Red Pulp Macrophages Provide an Alternate Niche for Chronic Myeloid Leukemia Stem Cells". Blood 134, Supplement_1 (13.11.2019): 1634. http://dx.doi.org/10.1182/blood-2019-126593.

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Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is a typical stem-cell driven malignancy, driven by leukemia stem cells (LSCs). LSCs are resistant to conventional therapies. This resistance is mediated by cell-intrinsic mechanisms and interactions with the microenvironment. LSCs depend on signals from a specialized microenvironment, a so called niche, to maintain their stem cell characteristics. In CML the bone marrow (BM) as a niche is well-investigated and several therapeutic targets, which aim at LSCs by interrupting their interaction with the BM-niche are under investigation. However, even though splenomegaly is a hallmark of CML the contribution of the splenic microenvironment to CML development has not been studied so far. This project aims to investigate the role of the splenic microenvironment as an independent secondary LSC niche and its contribution to disease development. To induce a CML-like disease in mice we retrovirally transduced FACS-sorted Lineage- Sca-1+ cKit+ BM cells with pMSCV-p210BCR/ABL-IRES-GFP and injected the transduced cells into non-irradiated mice. To find out if the spleen contributes to disease development we induced CML in splenectomized and sham operated mice. Splenectomized mice survived significantly longer compared to sham operated controls (median survival 31 vs. 22 days; p=0.0006) with 20% of the splenectomized mice surviving longer than 90 days. Moreover, the number of LSCs in the BM of splenectomized mice was reduced 3.7-fold (p=0.002). Flowcytometric analysis of the spleen and BM compartments of CML bearing mice revealed that the majority of the leukemic stem and progenitor cells (LSPCs) were located in the spleen (19-fold more LSCs in the spleen; p =0.007). Moreover we found the leukemic compartment in the spleen to be enriched for LSPCs compared to the BM (20 % spleen vs. 10 % BM; % LSPCs of total leukemic cells; p=0.01). To confirm this phenotypic observation functionally we performed a limiting dilution transplantation of leukemic cells from spleen and BM. In line with the phenotypic observation we found a higher frequency of LSCs in the spleen compared to the BM (1/41'703 vs. 1/432'594; p=0.02). We next analyzed the gene expression of LSPCs from spleen and BM. We found that the gene expression profile of splenic LSPCs showed higher expression of stemness-related genes and reduced expression of myeloid differentiation genes compared to BM LSPCs, indicating that the spleen is more supportive of primitive LSPCs. Knowing that the spleen contributes to disease development by providing an alternate niche for LSCs we next analyzed the spleens using confocal microscopy. We found that the LSCs resided exclusively in the red pulp. Previous studies have shown that HSCs reside in direct contact with red pulp macrophages (RPMs) during extramedullary hematopoiesis (Dutta et al., JEM, 2015). In addition we found that in spleens from human CML patients CD34+ leukemia cells localized together with macrophages (p=0.001). Furthermore we could show that RPMs are capable of producing both SCF and G-CSF. To test the role of RPMs as a potential niche component in vitro we co-incubated LSCs and RPMs overnight before plating the LSCs in a colony formation assay. We found that the co-incubation with RPMs improved the colony formation capacity of LSCs (CFUs 166 vs. 138; p=0.0356). To test the role of RPMs in vivo we depleted macrophages in CML mice using clodronate liposomes. This resulted in significantly reduced splenomegaly (867mg vs. 249mg; p<0.0001) and reduced numbers of splenic LSCs (23-fold; p=0.001). This was further confirmed in a genetically engineered mouse model lacking RPMs (Spic-/-) (735mg vs. 450mg; p=0.0112 and 22-fold fewer LSCs; p<0.0001). Finally, while in naïve mice RPMs can be differentiated into a CD24low and CD24high population, the CD24high population is lost in CML bearing mice. In summary, we found that the spleen provides an alternate niche for LSCs, thereby contributing to CML development. Compared to the BM niche the splenic niche is more supportive of primitive LSPCs, as shown by the higher frequency of LSCSs found in the spleen and the higher expression of stemness related genes in splenic LSCs compared to BM LSCs. Moreover we identified CD24low RPMs as a unique and central component of the splenic LSC niche. Even though we could show that RPMs are capable of producing SCF and G-CSF the exact mechanisms by which RPMs support LSCs remains to be investigated. Disclosures No relevant conflicts of interest to declare.

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Hasani, Muhammad Al, Zulfahrizal Zulfahrizal i Raida Agustina. "Kajian Variasi Ketebalan Tumpukan Fermentasi Terhadap Kualitas Pliek U dan Minyak Pliek Yang Dikeringkan Dengan Alat Pengering Tipe Hohenheim". Jurnal Ilmiah Mahasiswa Pertanian 2, nr 2 (1.05.2017): 386–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.17969/jimfp.v2i2.2968.

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Abstrak. Masyarakat Aceh secara turun-temurun telah menggunakan daging buah dan minyak kelapa terfermentasi (diperam) yang diproses secara tradisional. Minyak kelapa yang dihasilkan salah satunya dikenal dengan nama minyak pliek yang digunakan sebagai minyak goreng dan juga dimanfaatkan sebagai obat untuk sakit kepala, luka, menurunkan panas, sakit persendian, dan sakit perut. Ampas yang diperoleh setelah pengepresan disebut pliek u, yang digunakan sebagai bumbu masakan. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah mengkaji kualitas dari pliek u dan minyak pliek dengan variasi ketebalan tumpukan fermentasi 30 cm, 20 cm, dan 10 cm. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa pliek u dan minyak pliek yang paling diterima oleh panelis adalah ketebalan tumpukan fermentasi 30 cm. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian jumlah rendemen tertinggi pliek u dan minyak pliek terdapat pada ketebalan 30 cm. Kadar air setelah fermentasi dan kadar air pliek u yang dihasilkan pada setiap variasi ketebalan 30 cm, 20 cm dan 10 cm relatif sama, yakni berkisaran antara 57,6% – 60,0% untuk kadar air setelah fermentasi dan 4,4% – 6,5% untuk kadar air pliek u. Hasil pH pliek u lebih besar dibandingkan pH setelah fermentasi, namun nilai yang dihasilkan tidak melebihi angka 7 (netral), hal ini berlaku untuk setiap variasi ketebalan bahan. Secara keseluruhan minyak pliek yang dihasilkan masih memenuhi standar SNI. Minyak pliek yang dihasilkan dari ketebalan 30 cm yang memiliki kualitas terbaik karena memiliki kadar asam lemak bebas terkecil yaitu sebesar 0,39%. Hasil pengujian organoleptik terhadap pliek u dan minyak pliek dapat disimpulkan bahwa masyarakat lebih menerima pliek u dan minyak pliek dengan ketebalan fermetasi 30 cm.Study on Thickness Variation Fermented of Quality Pliek U and Oil Pliek to Drained By Equipment Type Dryer HohenheimAbstract. The people of Aceh for generations have used fruit pulp and palm oil fermented (ripened) are processed traditionally. Coconut oil is produced by one of them known as pliek oil that is used as a cooking oil and is also used as a remedy for headaches, cuts, lower the heat, joint pain, and abdominal pain. The pulp obtained after pressing is name (oil pliek), which is used as a spice in cooking. The purpose of this study is to assess the quality of pliek u and oil pliek with thickness variation heap of fermentation 30 cm, 20 cm and 10 cm. The results showed that pliek u and oil pliek the most accepted by the panelists is 30 cm thick pile fermentation. Based on the results of the study the number of the highest yield and oil pliek pliek u are at a thickness of 30 cm. The water content after fermentation and water content pliek u generated on every variation of the thickness of 30 cm, 20 cm and 10 cm are relatively the same, ie ranging between 57.6% - 60.0% for water content after fermentation and 4.4% - 6 , 5% for water content pliek u. Results pliek u pH greater than pH after fermentation, but the resulting value does not exceed the number 7 (netral), this proses every variation of the thickness of the material. Overall oil produced pliek still meet ISO standards. Pliek oil produced from a thickness of 30 cm that has the best quality because it has the smallest free fatty acid content is 0.39%. The test results organoleptic pliek poil can be concluded that the public is receiving pliek u and oil fermetasi pliek with a thickness of 30 cm.

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Miller, Harrison S., Haviv M. Avrahami i Lindsay E. Zanno. "Dental pathologies in lamniform and carcharhiniform sharks with comments on the classification and homology of double tooth pathologies in vertebrates". PeerJ 10 (11.05.2022): e12775. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.12775.

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Double tooth pathologies are important indicators of trauma, disease, diet, and feeding biomechanics, and are widely documented in mammals. However, diagnosis of double tooth pathologies in extinct non-mammalian vertebrates is complicated by several compounding factors including: a lack of shared terminology reflecting shared etiology, inconsistencies in definitions and key features within and outside of mammals (e.g., gemination, fusion, twinning, concrescence); differences in tooth morphology, heterodonty, regeneration, and implantation between mammals and non-mammalian vertebrates; and the unmet need for diagnostic criteria that can be applied to isolated teeth, which are common in the fossil record. Here we report on double tooth pathologies in the lamniform and carcharhiniform Cenozoic sharks Otodus megalodon (NCSM 33639) and Carcharhinus leucas (NCSM 33640, 33641). All three teeth bear a singular bifid crown with mirrored halves and abnormal internal microstructure—a single, bifurcating pulp cavity in C. leucas and a more than tripling of vessels in O. megalodon (from two to seven main ascending canals). We identify these abnormalities as likely examples of gemination due to their symmetry, which rules out fusion of tooth buds in one tooth file in different developmental stages in polyphyodont taxa; however, we note that incomplete forms of mesiodistal tooth fusion can be morphologically indistinguishable from gemination, and thus fusion cannot be rejected. We further compile and recategorize, when possible, the diversity of tooth pathologies in sharks. The identification of double tooth pathologies in O. megalodon and C. leucas has paleobiological implications. Such pathologies in sharks are largely hypothesized to stem from trauma to developing tooth buds. Carcharhinus leucas is known to feed on prey documented to cause feeding-related oral traumas (e.g., rays, sawfish, spiny fish, and sea urchins). However, O. megalodon, is considered to have largely fed on marine mammals, and perhaps turtles and/or fish, raising the possibility that the dietary diversity of this species is, as of yet, underappreciated. The genetic underpinnings of tooth morphogenesis and regeneration is highly conserved throughout vertebrate evolution, suggesting a homologous framework can be established. However, more research is needed to link developmental, paleobiological, and/or paleoenvironmental factors to gemination/fusion in polyphyodont taxa. We argue that the definitions and diagnostic criteria for dental pathologies in vertebrates require standardization in order to advance macroevolutionary studies of feeding trauma in deep time.

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Muhammad Widus, Abu Fatihah, Malki Ahmad Nasir i Muallimin Mochammad Sahid. "Kajian Integrasi Mengenai Kedudukan Sesawi dan Khasiatnya dalam al-Quran, Hadis, Manuskrip Perubatan Melayu dan Sumber-Sumber Lain". Journal of Quran Sunnah Education & Special Needs 3, nr 2 (1.12.2019): 9–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.33102/jqss.vol3no2.46.

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Mustard is a versatile plant that is widely associated with the diet and health of human beings ever since. The mustard seed used as a spice and the edible leave seaten as mustard greens. This study across the Quran, hadiths, Malay medical manuscripts and other sources is intended to look at the mustard’s nature and its efficacy. The qualitative study is done to analyze the texts in all of these references that involve the mustard. Further, the conclusion regarding the nature of the mustard and its potency generated inductively. In short, this study found that the mustard is not all about nutrition and medicine by eating edible leaves and the seed, but other than that, the mustard also related to the matters of the afterlife. For example, the hadith analogy involving mustard represents the knowledge and the justice of the Almighty God. Besides, another analogy in the hadiths that involving mustard represents matters related to faith and heaven. Abstrak Sesawi merupakan tumbuhan serba guna yang banyak berkaitan dengan pemakanan dan kesihatan manusia zaman berzaman. Biji sesawi digunakan sebagai rempah dan daunnya pula dimakan sebagai sawi. Oleh itu, kajian yang merentasi pelbagai sumber ini dengan penglibatan Al-Quran, hadis, manuskrip perubatan Melayu dan sumber-sumber lain adalah bertujuan untuk melihat kedudukan sesawi dan khasiatnya. Kajian ini bersifat kualitatif yang akan menganalisis teks-teks dalam kesemua rujukan tersebut yang membabitkan sesawi. Seterusnya, kesimpulan berkaitan kedudukan sesawi dan khasiatnya dirumuskan secara induktif. Ringkasnya, kajian ini mendapati sesawi bukan hanya berkaitan dengan pemakanan dan perubatan melalui daun sawi yang dimakan mahupun biji sawi yang disebatikan dengan herba-herba tempatan untuk mengubati pelbagai penyakit, tetapi sesawi juga berkaitan dengan perkara-perkara akhirat. Sebagai contoh, analogi hadis yang membabitkan sesawi untuk menggambarkan ilmu Allah Yang Maha Luas dan sifat adil Allah yang Maha Mutlak. Selain itu, turut didapati analogi lain dalam hadis yang membabitkan juga sesawi berkaitan iman dan syurga.

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Bhavana, A., Gayathri, B. i Manjunatha, R. "Sour to Sweet: Tamarind Tales of Empowerment Adding Value to Women’s Lives". International Journal of Plant & Soil Science 35, nr 21 (28.10.2023): 704–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.9734/ijpss/2023/v35i214031.

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Tamarind (Tamarindus indica L.) is one of the important fruit crops of India. It is also termed as “Indian Date” due to its date like appearance of dried pulp. The preservation and processing of the tamarind through value added products is the effective way of retaining the nutrients content of fruits. Area of tamarind in Chikkaballapur district spread over 608 ha where fruits are just harvested and sold by farmers which most of the farmers are not even obtaining the nominal charges because of improper processing. One of the best features of the tamarind is its durability which incur no loss of the value-added products. As stated by the spice board of India, the tamarind area production was about 74.20 (000’ ha), with average yield of 309.44 (000’ MT). About 258.70 (000’MT) to 272.85 (000’MT) of tamarind is allotted for value addition products to processed and lot of labor is engaged in this processing in India. This indicates that there is a wide opportunity in value addition of tamarind. Different extension methods like on campus training programs, group discussion and folders were developed on the value addition of tamarind to create awareness among the public. In this perspective of Sri Lakshmi Venkateshwara Self Help Group (SHG) of 20 farms women was identified to be trained in KVK for the development of value added products and an on campus training programme for a week was provided to disseminate technology on production of tamarind value added products; tamarind puree, tamarind toffee, tamarind chutney powder lollipop and instant puliyoggare mix and to estimate cost benefit ratio. Raw materials, branding, labelling and packaging materials were distributed to the SHG to encourage them for the product development and selling of the products. Advertising and marketing of the products initially was carried on in the free stalls of exhibitions in krishi fair and in district agriculture fair where the products created huge demand. Results showed that processing of quintals of tamarind for four products like tamarind puree (130 Kg), tamarind toffee (241.25 Kg), tamarind chutney powder (165.50 Kg), tamarind lollypop (230 Kg) and tamarind instant puliyoggare mix (153.45) respectively with the monthly net profit of Rs. 12923 from puree, Rs. 13358 from toffee Rs. 9947 from chutney powder and Rs. 18098 from lollypop and Rs. 31146 from instant puliyoggare mix whereas unprocessed tamarind cost Rs. 120 per kg. The value addition of tamarind has helped to improve their family income per month is around 85,000 with cost benefit ratio of 1.42. These trained individuals of SHGs now serve as the resource persons in training the budding up SHGs.

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PANDIN, DONATA S., i YULIANUS R. MATANA. "Karakteristik Tanaman Muda Plasma Nutfah Kelapa Sawit Asal Kamerun". Buletin Palma 16, nr 1 (9.09.2016): 8. http://dx.doi.org/10.21082/bp.v16n1.2015.8-22.

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ABSTRAK Penelitian dilakukan dari bulan Januari 2012 sampai dengan Agustus 2014, di Kebun Percobaan Sitiung, Kabupaten Dharmasraya, Provinsi Sumatera Barat. Bahan tanaman yang digunakan adalah plasma nutfah kelapa sawit asal Kamerun sebanyak 99 aksesi, yang ditanam dalam blok tunggal dengan sistem baris tanpa ulangan pada Desember 2011. Setiap aksesi terdiri atas 5 - 10 tanaman sehingga seluruh tanaman berjumlah 959 tanaman. Hasil pengamatan menunjukkan bahwa hampir semua koleksi asal Kamerun, memiliki posisi anak daun selang-seling, berwarna hijau tua, permukaan daun mengkilap, dan pelepah daun berduri. Karakter vegetatif meliputi tinggi tanaman, jumlah daun hijau, jumlah anak daun, dan panjang anak daun pada tipe Dura maupun Tenera, relatif seragam terlihat dari nilai koefisien keragaman <20%. Karakter generatif meliputi jumlah tandan jantan, tandan betina dan berat tandan buah pasir segar pada tipe Dura sangat beragam, sedangkan pada tipe Tenera karakter jumlah tandan betina dan berat tandan buah pasir segar relatif seragam kecuali pada karakter jumlah tandan jantan sangat beragam. Lebih dari 90% koleksi plasma nutfah kelapa sawit asal Kamerun telah berbuah pasir, dan ditemukan 35 tanaman yang memiliki berat > 4.000 g/tandan pada umur 2,5 tahun setelah tanam. Dari 35 tanaman tersebut terdapat 34 tanaman merupakan tipe Dura dan 1 tanaman tipe Tenera. Aksesi CMR002D/3 memiliki berat tertinggi (9.500 g), disusul berturut-turut oleh CMR021D/9 (5.200 g), CMR091D/4 (5.100 g), CMR021D/6 dan CMR059D/9 (5.000 g). Selain itu, tipe Tenera yaitu CMR023T/3 memiliki berat tandan buah pasir segar 4200 g. Berdasarkan urutan berat tandan buah pasir segar tertinggi, maka tipe Tenera menem pati urutan ke 26. Ditemukan pula beberapa aksesi dari koleksi asal Kamerun merupakan tipe Virescen, dan mayoritas bertipe Nigrescen.Kata kunci : Elaeis guineensis Jacq, kelapa sawit, Kamerun, plasma nutfah, karakterisasi, morfologi, Dura, Tenera. <span style="color: black; line-height: 115%; letter-spacing: -0.35pt; font-family: 'Arial Bold'; font-size: 14pt; mso-bidi-font-family: 'Arial Bold'; mso-font-width: 95%; mso-fareast-font-family: 'Times New Roman'; mso-ansi-language: IN; mso-fareast-language: IN; mso-bidi-language: AR-SA;">Early Characteristic of Oilpalm Germplasm From Cameroon ABSTRACT The study was conducted from January 2012 until August 2014, at Sitiung experimental Garden, Dharmasraya Regency, West Sumatra Province. The plant material been used were oilpalm germplasm from Cameroon as much as 99 accessions, which planted in a single block with the line system without repetition in December 2011. Each accession consists of 5-10 plants so that the whole plant amounted to 959 plants. Observations showed that almost all collections from Cameroon had leaflet position were alternating leaves, dark green, glossy leaf surface, and spiny leaf midrib. Vegetative characteristics such as plant height, number of green leaves, number of leaflet and the length of leaflets on the type of Dura and Tenera, Similar, seen from diversity coeffisient values <20%. Generative characteristics included the number of bunches of male, female and weight of fresh bunches were very various on types of Dura. While on Tenera type, character number of female bunches and the weight of fresh fruit bunches is relatively similar except the number of male bunches character is high diversity. More than 90% of germplasm collection of oil palm from Cameroon has been fruiting. From 959 plants collection, found 35 plants that have weight > 4000 g/bunch at the age of 2.5 years after planting. Of the 35 such plants are 34 plants is a type of Dura and only one plant of Tenera type. Accession CMR002D/3 has the highest weight (9500 g), followed successively by CMR021D/9 (5200 g), CMR091D/4 (5100 g), CMR021D/6 and CMR059D/9 (5000 g). While Tenera type namely CMR023T/3 have weight of fresh bunches 4200 g. Based on the the order of highest weight of fresh fruit bunches, the Tenera type ranks to 26. There were also several accessions of the collection from Cameroon is a Virescen type, and the majority of the collection is Nigrescen type.Keywords: Elaeis guineensis Jacq, palm oil, Cameroon, germplasm, characterization, morphology, Dura, Tenera.

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Noichinda, Sompoch, Kitti Bodhipadma i David W. M. Leung. "UV-C Enhances Phenolics Metabolism and the Production of the Related Bioactive Compounds in Green Chi-fah Chili (Capsicum annuum L. cv. Chi-fah Kiaw) Fruit". Applied Science and Engineering Progress, 10.06.2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.14416/j.asep.2024.06.003.

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One of the fruit vegetables that is a favorite for consumers of spicy food worldwide is chili (Capsicum annuum). Thus, the external and internal quality attributes of harvested chili fruit, such as peel color and fruit antioxidants, are of interest for different cooking needs. UV-C is the shortest wavelength of ultraviolet radiation that can harm the living organisms. However, short-term exposure to this physical stress might have many advantages for crop species. This research studied the post-harvest effect of UV-C exposure for different times (0, 10, and 20 min) on the green fruit of Chi-fah chili. The results showed that the percentage of fruit with red peel color increased rapidly during storage after UV-C irradiation, especially in the 10-minute treatment 75% of fruit had red color after 6 days. UV-C treatment also promoted phenolic biosynthesis in green Chi-fah chili fruit as 10 and 20 min of UV-C exposure elevated phenolic contents in both the pulp and placenta with the maximum of 30 and 45 mg gallic acid/gFW, respectively. Exposure to 20 min of UV-C irradiation seemed to inhibit flavonoid production, whereas 10 min UV-C irradiation increased flavonoids in both the pulp and placenta (0.72 and 0.87 mg rutin/gFW, respectively). Of particular interest to the consumers, UV-C treatment could increase the capsaicin amount in green Chi-fah chili fruit. Only the fruit irradiated with UV-C for 10 min had the highest level of phenylalanine ammonia-lyase (PAL) activity in the pulp one day after storage, while the placenta had the highest level of PAL activity from day 1 to day 3. The 10 and 20 min UV-C irradiation led to the highest peroxidase (POD) activity in the pulp and the placenta, respectively. In conclusion, UV-C could be used to enhance the production of phenolics and related bioactive compounds, such as flavonoids and capsaicin in green Chi-fah chili fruit during postharvest storage.

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Latulanit, Nabila Shellawaty, Nurjanna Albaar, Hamidin Rasulu, Abu Rahmat Ibrahim i Angela Wulansari. "Kajian Sifat Fisikokimia dan Organoleptik Cookies Rempah Dengan Penambahan Ekstrak Daging Buah Pala (Myristica fragrans)". Cannarium 19, nr 2 (1.12.2021). http://dx.doi.org/10.33387/cannarium.v19i2.4465.

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Extract from the nutmeg flesh can be used as an additional ingredient in making cookies spice. cookies Spiceare food products that are dried by oven. cookies Spiceare made from wheat flour, sugar and butter with a moisture content of less than 5% and can be stored for quite a long time. This study aims to determine the formulation for making cookies spicewith the addition of the best nutmeg pulp extract. This research method was completely randomized design (CRD) with a single factor, namely the addition of nutmeg pulp extract with 5 treatment levels and 3 replications to obtain 5x3 = 15 experimental units. The treatments consisted of 5 treatments, namely 0% nutmeg and 100% wheat flour (P0), 10% nutmeg pulp and 90% wheat flour (P1), 20% nutmeg pulp and 80% wheat flour. (P2), 30% nutmeg pulp and 70% wheat flour (P3), and 40% nutmeg pulp and 60% wheat flour extract formulation (P4). Parameters covering chemical properties analysis include: moisture content, ash content, protein, carbohydrate, fat, and antioxidant tests. While the organoleptic test analysis includes: taste, texture, color, and aroma. The best treatment was found in the formulation of 40% nutmeg pulp and 60% wheat flour in treatment P4.

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Mondal, Tanmoy, Sanghamitra Layek, Tanmoy Sarkar, Samarpita Roy, Rajdeep Mohanta i Fatik Kumar Bauri. "Morpho-Physicochemical Studies Of Kusum (Schleichera Oleosa (Lour.) Oken): A Potential Multipurpose Tree Species". Journal of Survey in Fisheries Sciences, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.53555/sfs.v10i1s.2295.

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Kusum (Schleichera oleosa (Lour.) Oken) belongs to Sapindaceae family, is an underutilised multipurpose tree species. Kusum is also known as a lac tree through its cultivation for lac which gives livelihood security to lakhs of farmers. Botanically, kusum fruits are single-seeded and sometimes two-seeded berry, succulent yellow aril, dry indehiscent, apex pointed, hard-crustaceous, smooth, or slightly spiny. Pulp of kusum has a potential source of antioxidant properties. The present investigation was carried out to estimate physical and chemical properties of kusum at the laboratory of department of Fruit Science, Faculty of Horticulture, at Bidhan Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Mohanpur, Nadia, West Bengal during 2021-22. A set of 30 fruits with 10 fruits per replication were taken for this experiment. It was observed that average fruit weight (7.41g), fruit length (2.5cm), diameter (2.19cm), fruit volume (7ml), fruit pulp weight (2.93g), seed weight (1.35g), and peel weight (2.71g), seed length (1.69cm), diameter (1.38cm) and edible fruit percentage was 39.54%. The results showed that it contains an average of 20.07 °Brix total soluble solids, 0.33% titrable acidity, 14.28% total sugar, 8% reducing sugar, 5.96 non-reducing sugar, 142.5 mg/100g of pulp ascorbic acid and total carotenoid 1.35 mg/100g pulp. The result shows that kusum fruit is a promising food source with nutritional value. This fruit could fulfil the dietary needs of persons living in rural areas.

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