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Баранова, Світлана Володимирівна, Светлана Владимировна Баранова, Svitlana Volodymyrivna Baranova i O. Shcherbyna. "Paradigmatic group of verbs of speech activity". Thesis, Вид-во СумДУ, 2005. http://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/19597.
Pełny tekst źródłaKoulibali, Yelle. "Les constructions des verbes hyperfréquents dans des corpus d’écrits scolaires : Contribution d’une étude textométrique à la connaissance des usages des verbes de parole et d'états mentaux par les collegiens de (6e et 5e) en éducation prioritaire". Electronic Thesis or Diss., CY Cergy Paris Université, 2023. http://www.theses.fr/2023CYUN1254.
Pełny tekst źródłaResearch on academic writing has long favored qualitative analyzes due to the difficulties ofquantitative exploitation in automatic language processing. These difficulties were mainly due to the non-standardized nature of these writings which until now made them refractory to digitization, labeling and even analysis (Elalouf & Boré, 2007). Treatment with iTrameursoftware, established in collaboration with the CLESTHIA laboratory (Doquet, David &Fleury, 2017), allowed a textometric analysis of a corpus of school writings consisting of tenseries of genetic files, each containing all the written productions of a class from the preliminary text to the final version. This corpus was collected in classes of 6e and 5e over a period of 3 years as part of a collaborative research aimed at experimenting with a support system for scriptural autonomy. It came to complete a first corpus of school writings, scanned, transcribed and annotated, realized as part of our master's internship at the EMA laboratory, and deposited on the Ortolang website proposed by Huma. Our hypothesis is that a systematic coding of speech and mental state verbs, based on the construction of a lexicon-grammar (Dubois & Dubois-Charlier, 1997) would reveal the variety of forms and constructions attested in the language uses of students. The objective of the thesis is to characterize among these uses those of hyperfrequent verbs. These verbs, whose pioneering work of Jacqueline Picoche (2002) showed the importance in the organization of the lexicon, have the particularity of being very polysemic and entering into many constructions.Our analysis consisted in comparing the constructions observed in the corpus of school writings with those identified in learning dictionaries as well as in the Orféo oral corpus, taking into account the frequency of verbs that students were able to encounter in their primary reading textbooks thanks to the Manulex database. Our results show that the fundamental structures of French are present in our corpus and that lexical networks connect hyperfrequent verbs to less frequent ones. We were able to show that the presence or absence of certain verbs was closely related to the type of text requested by the instruction and the possibilities of rereading, oral discussion and rewriting allowed by the writing protocol. These results confirm that the verb is a major category for lexicon and writing learning because of its role in enunciation, predicative relationship and discursive organization
Proctor-Williams, Kerry, i Marc E. Fey. "Recast Density and Acquisition of Novel Irregular Past Tense Verbs". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2007. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1775.
Pełny tekst źródłaCorey, Vicka Rael. "The electrophysiological difference between nouns and verbs /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/9092.
Pełny tekst źródłaBrophy, Elizabeth Rose. "Generalization across verb types after Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST): A treatment study". Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2016. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/406357.
Pełny tekst źródłaM.A.
Research in communication disorders suggests that training linguistically complex forms will generalize to untrained, simpler forms with similar structural properties (see Thompson, 2007 for review). The present study investigated generalization patterns from transitive verbs to two classes of intransitive verbs following administration of Verb Network Strengthening Treatment (VNeST; Edmonds, Nadeau & Kiran, 2009). Based on the Argument Structure Complexity Hypothesis (ASCH; Thompson, 2003), it was predicted that greater generalization would occur to unergatives because unergatives bear a structural relationship to transitive verbs and unaccusatives do not. Results at post-treatment supported the hypothesis with both intransitive verb types showing generalization and slightly higher effect sizes observed for unergative than for unaccusative verbs. At maintenance, this pattern was not maintained due to improvements in production of unaccusative verbs. Results support the findings of Edmonds et al. (2009) that administration of VNeST results in gains on measures of untrained, semantically related verbs as well as standardized measures of lexical retrieval and connected speech. These results also suggest that training transitive verbs results in slight generalization to untrained intransitive verbs; however, it is inconclusive whether unergative and unaccusatives intransitives show differential improvement.
Temple University--Theses
Pasenkova, Irina. "A Cross-linguistic comparison of the verbs of speaking with the component of non-standard speech and their translation (English-Russian)". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/669340.
Pełny tekst źródłaEn aquesta tesi s’analitza l’àmbit dels verbs de parla anglesos (VoS) amb 2 components: el component de manera de parlar (MoSC) i el component de parla no estàndard (CoNS), i les seves traduccions de l’anglès al rus; és el primer estudi que compara els dos idiomes pel que fa a aquests aspectes. En el nostre intent de cobrir aquest buit, hem examinat de quina manera els traductors transformen, en pasar-lo al rus, el sistema anglès de verbs de parla amb MoSC i CoNS com ara mumble, lisp o stammer. Els resultats de les anàlisis de les traduccions han indicat que les solucions escollides pels traductors mostraven una dependència entre el MoSC, el CoNS i el tipus d'equivalència utilitzada (Kade 1968). També vam arribar a la conclusió que en el cas dels verbs d’interès el significat pragmàtic de les mostres podria restablir el significat semàntic de les traduccions. Hi ha diversos camps on es poden aplicar els resultats d’aquest estudi: lexicografia pràctica, lingüística computacional, pragmàtica, traducció i interpretació, ensenyament i aprenentatge d’anglès i rus com a llengües estrangeres, així com ensenyament i aprenentatge de la traducció.
Parkes, Bridget Parkes. "IS VERB NETWORK STRENGTHENING TREATMENT (VNeST) EFFECTIVE AT A LOWER DOSAGE?" Master's thesis, Temple University Libraries, 2017. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/441075.
Pełny tekst źródłaM.A.
When delivering intervention to an individual with aphasia, clinicians must provide services that are grounded in evidence-based practice and show evidence of generalization of skills outside of therapy. Verb Network Strengthening Treatment is a straightforward treatment approach that requires inexpensive materials, making it possible to implement in various clinical settings in compliance with time allotted by insurance companies. The present study uses a single subject ABA design to investigate if the findings of Edmonds, Nadeau, & Kiran (2009) can be replicated when VNeST is administered using a lower dose of VNeST. Based on VNeST’s promotion of widespread activation of the semantic and syntactic network, it was predicted that reducing the dose of treatment would result in generalization to untrained items, as evidenced through weekly administration of probes and standardized testing. Results following treatment supported the hypothesis, however the effects of treatment were smaller than that of the original protocol.
Temple University--Theses
Lewis, Kelley, Kelly King, Melanie O'Brien, Kerry Proctor-Williams i Danielle Py. "An Analysis of How Quickly and Efficaciously Children with Specific Language Impairments Learn Verbs Compared to Children with Typical Language Development". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2004. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1856.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeung, Wing-yan Vivian. "The use of nouns versus verbs in Cantonese-speaking children's early vocabularies and their mothers' speech". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 1998. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B36209673.
Pełny tekst źródła"A dissertation submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the Bachelor of Science (Speech and Hearing Sciences), The University of Hong Kong, April 30, 1998." Also available in print.
Gareis, Heather A. "The Effects of Treating Verbs and Nouns Using a Modified Semantic Feature Approach to Improve Word-finding in Aphasia". Thesis, California State University, Long Beach, 2018. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10784915.
Pełny tekst źródłaSemantic approaches, including semantic feature analysis (SFA), are commonly used to treat individuals with anomia (word-finding difficulties) due to nondegenerative chronic aphasia. Research has traditionally targeted nouns, with relatively few published studies targeting verbs in isolation or in comparison to nouns. Yet, verbs are essential for higher-level communications, and some evidence suggests that treating higher-level word types may have crossover benefits. Generalization to untrained words and discourse have also varied across studies.
Thus, the aim of this study was to determine if a modified SFA treatment could be effective for both nouns and verbs, to assess generalization, and to investigate potential crossover benefits. Results revealed that the treatment did improve spontaneous production of trained nouns and verbs as well as semantic retrieval of untrained words, with an unexpected result of untrained verbs achieving a higher level of spontaneous production than untrained nouns. Implications and avenues for future studies are also discussed.
CREPALDI, DAVIDE. "Nouns and verbs in the brain: Neuropsychological, psycholinguistic, and neuroimaging evidence". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/9855.
Pełny tekst źródłaBecerra, Merino Jennifer. "An analysis on the aspect of the english future auxiliaries will and be going in occurring speech". Tesis, Universidad de Chile, 2014. http://www.repositorio.uchile.cl/handle/2250/130293.
Pełny tekst źródłaAutor no autoriza el acceso a texto completo de su documento.
This corpus-based research aims at describing a perspective on the conceptualisation of aspect of the English future time auxiliaries will and be going (henceforth, future markers). The main focus of this description is on the aforementioned future markers and their relationship with the operators probably, definitely and certainly. From a semantic point of view, such operators are understood as the lexicalised features denoting a gradual expression of certainty in relation to speakers’ occurring awareness on the reliability of the proposition. Additionally, the study attempts to relate the notion of epistemicity to the practical nature of certainty within speakers’ utterances regardless of the implausibility of future time situations. This leads to suggest that, due to the lack of clear-cut differences between will and be going, both are likely to be used interchangeably in spite of the canonical generalisations of future tense and aspect.
Proctor-Williams, Kerry, i Marc E. Fey. "Recast Density and Irregular Past Tense Verb Acquisition". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1855.
Pełny tekst źródłaProctor-Williams, Kerry, i Marc E. Fey. "Recast Density and Irregular Past Tense Verb Acquisition". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1852.
Pełny tekst źródłaKing, Kelly, Kelley Lewis, Melanie O'Brien, Danielle Py i Kerry Proctor-Williams. "Efficiency of Verb Acquisition by Children with SLI & TL". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2005. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1853.
Pełny tekst źródłaAlvares, Cláudia Assad. "O discurso paradoxal de Vieira no \'Sermão pelo bom sucesso das Armas de Portugal contra as de Holanda\'". Universidade de São Paulo, 2007. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8142/tde-26022008-140441/.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, among others, the concepts of \"universal auditorium\", from Perelman (2000); \"communication contract\", from Charaudeau (1992); the concepts of double bind and frames, proposed by Bateson (1972) are discussed, and room is opened for the main types of paradox. In this one, the theory of semantic traits and its combinatory, according to Langedoen (1971) is also presented and, finally, the sermon For the good success of Portugal\'s weapons against Holland\'s is analyzed. The work has as a scope to evidence that the religious speech from Father Antônio Vieira, at the sermon For the good success of Portugal\'s weapons against Holland\'s, is a paradoxal speech for it unbuilds itself. To reach such purpose, the arguments Vieira uses to address God are confronted, at the referred sermon, with the Holy Scriptures\' texts; the argumentativity of the nominal forms of the verbs is analyzed, with particular emphasis on the structure of the gerund, as an illocutionary act, starting from Sermon of the Sixtieth, and a kind of pragmatic paradox is created: the argumentative round.
Nocaudie, Olivier. "Imitation et contrôle prosodique dans l'entraînement à la remédiation phonétique : évaluation, mesure et applications pour l'enseignant en langue étrangère". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU20123/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaImitation is a widespread behavior amongst animals and humans, helping us do many things, including adapting to our cultural and social environment, communicating with and learning from others. In this work, we consider aspects of imitation in speech at a prosodic level; more specifically, we will focus on phonetic remediation using the Verbo Tonal Method (VTM). Phonetic practice in the classroom, per se, is an imitation game raising interesting open questions linked to L2 speech perception and production as well as L1 acoustic features reproducibility, i.e phonetic-prosodic control. Our first study deals with the teacher’s ability to control prosodic features; it questions the link between the perception of prosodic similarity using the AX and AXB paradigms, and measures of similarity using other metrics on a more objective level. Results are then cross-compared: they reveal a fair correlation between semi-automatic methods and perceptual tests. Our second study builds on previous results and further tests measurements of prosodic similarity obtained from rectilinear stylized f0 curves using a Turning Function. Applying this method to a corpus of lexicalized and delexicalized speech imitations helps us underline the benefits and flaws of the method. We propose to apply such evaluation techniques to train teacher’s phonetic control
Mayo, Lori. "Processing of verb tense in developmentally language impaired individuals". Thesis, McGill University, 1995. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=22771.
Pełny tekst źródłaGeise, Morgan, Heather Green, Olivia Hart, Abbi Leitnaker i Kerry Proctor-Williams. "The Elicitation Method for Past Tense Verb production in Children with Specific Language Impairment and Typical Language". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2016. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1821.
Pełny tekst źródłaLopez, David. "Processing of the English Verb Particle Construction in Persons with Aphasia". FIU Digital Commons, 2017. http://digitalcommons.fiu.edu/etd/3356.
Pełny tekst źródłaBocquelet, Florent. "Vers une interface cerveau-machine pour la restauration de la parole". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017GREAS008/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaRestoring natural speech in paralyzed and aphasic people could be achieved using a brain-computer interface controlling a speech synthesizer in real-time. The aim of this thesis was thus to develop three main steps toward such proof of concept.First, a prerequisite was to develop a speech synthesizer producing intelligible speech in real-time with a reasonable number of control parameters. Here we chose to synthesize speech from movements of the speech articulators since recent studies suggested that neural activity from the speech motor cortex contains relevant information to decode speech, and especially articulatory features of speech. We thus developed a speech synthesizer that produced intelligible speech from articulatory data. This was achieved by first recording a large dataset of synchronous articulatory and acoustic data in a single speaker. Then, we used machine learning techniques, especially deep neural networks, to build a model able to convert articulatory data into speech. This synthesizer was built to run in real time. Finally, as a first step toward future brain control of this synthesizer, we tested that it could be controlled in real-time by several speakers to produce intelligible speech from articulatory movements in a closed-loop paradigm.Second, we investigated the feasibility of decoding speech and articulatory features from neural activity essentially recorded in the speech motor cortex. We built a tool that allowed to localize active cortical speech areas online during awake brain surgery at the Grenoble Hospital and tested this system in two patients with brain cancer. Results show that the motor cortex exhibits specific activity during speech production in the beta and gamma bands, which are also present during speech imagination. The recorded data could be successfully analyzed to decode speech intention, voicing activity and the trajectories of the main articulators of the vocal tract above chance.Finally, we addressed ethical issues that arise with the development and use of brain-computer interfaces. We considered three levels of ethical questionings, dealing respectively with the animal, the human being, and the human species
Fux, Thibaut. "Vers un système indiquant la distance d'un locuteur par transformation de sa voix". Thesis, Grenoble, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012GRENT120/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on speaker voice transformation in the aim to indicate the distance of it: a spokento-whispered voice transformation to indicate a close distance and a spoken-to-shouted voicetransformation for a rather far distance. We perform at first, in-depth analysis to determine mostrelevant features in whispered voices and especially in shouted voices (much harder). The maincontribution of this part is to show the relevance of prosodic parameters in the perception of vocaleffort in a shouted voice. Then, we propose some descriptors to better characterize the prosodiccontours. For the actual transformation, we propose several new transformation rules whichimportantly control the quality of transformed voice. The results showed a very good quality oftransformed whispered voices and transformed shouted voices for relatively simple linguisticstructures (CVC, CVCV, etc.)
Render, M., J. Smith, L. Perrine, S. Kirk i Kerry Proctor-Williams. "Phrase Analysis of Preschooler Narratives: A Pilot Study". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etsu-works/1850.
Pełny tekst źródłaKissine, Mikhail. "Contexte et force illocutoire: vers une théorie cognitive des actes de langage". Doctoral thesis, Universite Libre de Bruxelles, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2013/ULB-DIPOT:oai:dipot.ulb.ac.be:2013/210618.
Pełny tekst źródłaDoctorat en Langues et lettres
info:eu-repo/semantics/nonPublished
Valença, Eduarda Cavalcanti. "Publicidade nas redes sociais: uma abordagem semiótica da relação verbo-visual". Universidade Católica de Pernambuco, 2016. http://www.unicap.br/tede//tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=1289.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith the advent of new technologies, especially with the popularization of smartphones, it was found that most of its users had an effective participation in so-called social networks, such as Facebook, Instagram etc., that provide the sharing of ideas and experiences and the creation of links around common interests . This communicational and also cultural context attracted the attention of brands and companies, who saw another possibility of dialoguing and interacting with their consumers. Thus, the present study proposes the analysis of the relation of the semiotic elements (text and image) of the publicity conveyed in social networks. In this sense, the proposal is to verify the types of verbal-visual relationship existing in ads taken from social networks Facebook and Instagram, through the categories listed by Santaella (2012); And from the perspective of Figueiredo (2005) that suggests the relation 1 + 1 (text and image) of the commercial. Thus, the result shows that advertising creation in social networks is based on an aesthetic-discursive process, which unites textual and imagistic information in the construction of meaning.
McDermott, Elizabeth Clare. "Non-social teaching for non-social learners: a non-social and non-interactive verb-learning paradigm for children with ASD". Thesis, Boston University, 2014. https://hdl.handle.net/2144/21216.
Pełny tekst źródłaChildren with ASD suffer from language deficits that are in part due to impaired social abilities. In the current study, we test a non-social and noninteractive method for teaching word meanings. If successful, this technique will expand the ways we teach early vocabulary that would shape intervention and improve the quality of life and the future prospects of children with ASD. First, the participants (ages 26.09 - 47.37) listen to a series of transitive or intransitive sentences while watching an unrelated silent animation. These sentence types carry different meanings; transitive verbs describe causative actions, and intransitive verbs describe synchronous actions. Then they are asked to map the verb to meaning by finding the relevant action out of two candidate scenes. We analyze the children’s direction of gaze. The results revealed that children with ASD in this sample who heard transitive sentences in maximally non-social and non-interactive contexts did not show a significant preference for the causative scene in either test condition. Additional data will reveal whether children with ASD can learn from non-social presentation of novel words if given multiple exposures to the test scenes. This work will provide insight into the mechanisms underlying word learning in children with ASD and, if successful, provide the foundation for research into a new kind of non-social intervention that capitalizes on these children’s strengths.
2031-01-01
Kenneally, Christine. "Prosody, animacy and syntax in the perception of speech : immediate and subsequent analyses of main verb/reduced relative constructions". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.627263.
Pełny tekst źródłaDahl, Irené. "Orator verbis electris : taldatorn en pedagogisk länk till läs- och skrivfärdighet: utprövning och utvärdering av taldatorbaserade träningsprogram för elever med läs- och skrivsvårigheter". Doctoral thesis, Umeå universitet, Pedagogiska institutionen, 1997. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-16577.
Pełny tekst źródładigitalisering@umu
Martinez, Angela. "Vers un raffinement des critères langagiers entre la Démence fronto-temporale et la maladie d'Alzheimer". Thesis, Lyon, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017LYSE2085.
Pełny tekst źródłaEven though the large majority of cortical dementia is of the Alzheimer’s disease type, there are differential diagnosis limitations of current diagnostic criteria for early-onset Alzheimer disease (AD) and frontotemporal lobar degeneration (FTLD, all three variants: behavioural variant frontotemporal –FTDbv-, Primary progressive aphasia –PPA- and semantic dementia –SD-). Initially, either AD and FTD share cognitive declines and first complain includes memory and no language in FTLD or language and no memory in AD. For instance, word retrieval deficits are common in AD and are thought to reflect a degradation of semantic memory. Yet, the nature of semantic deterioration in AD and the underlying neural correlates of these semantic memory changes remain largely unknown (Wierenga, 2011). On the other hand, PPA, FTDbv and SD have, as well, common behavioural features: PPA, prior to word loss, may show apathy and semantic dementia patients have, long before, the pure meaning loss, a great decline on emotional and conduct process. Since new guidelines for the differential diagnosis of behavioural FTD (Raskovsky, 2011) and selective language features –nonfluent/agrammatic, semantic, syntax, narrative - of the language variants are being revised (Gorno-Tempini, 2011) the present project present a novel way to define criteria regarding cognition profile through language analysis in all: AD and FTDL all variants. In sum, isolation of pure clinical characteristics in order to enriched the clinic profile and subtract the pure linguistic features will facilitate better common clinical compromise besides language differences (Zanini et al. 2011, Hernández et al. 2011, Ardila& Ramos, 2008). The present study aims to study through the Javeriana University Memory Clinic (PUJMC) at the San Ignacio Hospital in Colombia, based on the experience in the last 14 years where almost 3000 patients have been studied, language semiology between AD, FDT – all three variants. This project has three objectives: (i) to collect psycholinguistic and language data (taking into account the years of schooling and the severity of the course of the disease), (ii) study and isolate linguistic variants that may erroneously influence the difference in diagnostic criteria between DFT and MA; (iii) refining the diagnostic criteria for FTD and MA. 75 subjects were assessed (FTD n= 63, AD= 12, 22 control sample subjects). Bilingual Aphasia Test (BAT) (Paradis 1989) was used in order to identify auditory discrimination, syntactic structures comprehension (auditory and by reading), sentences production, auditory and by reading, comprehension of narrative structures, sentences reading, as well as an analysis of errors according to the syntactic structure. Additionally, we assess executive functions and basic cognition battery. Spontaneous speech samples were transcribed using the CHAT format, and analysed using the CLAN programs Besides a descriptive analysis, a hierarchical clustering through a squared Euclidean distances was done, where patients groups were formed by similar clinical neighbors regardless the FTD variant. Results show that deep language analysis is useful when heterogeneity w/groups is present and depends (in all groups) on the disease stage. PPA patients had the worse performance. bvFTD executive passive structure difficulty is associated with executive functions: The inability to represent a temporal sequence of the phrase –not understanding if.. Then). Results demonstrate that spontaneous speech allow us to differentiate between all groups of patients. Discourse of these patients can be distinctive and it reflects not only the subject's linguistic abilities but other cognitive functions as well
Drangert, Lisette. "Longitudinella förändringar av yttranden inom variationsmängder i barnriktat tal : En korpusstudie av yttrandetyper och verb". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Avdelningen för datorlingvistik, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-134599.
Pełny tekst źródłaVariation sets are a feature in child-directed speech characterized by successive utterances in which the adult speaker repeats and reorders their message with a constant intent. The aim of this study was to investigate variation sets over time in speech directed to children in the ages 7-33 months. The purpose was to study which types of utterances that dominates the variation sets at different ages, and which utterance-types that tend to co-occur within the variation sets. Furthermore intent was studied as well as change in verb tense in these variation sets. A script was written to categorize types of utterances with data from a corpus consisting of child directed speech. A quantitative research was performed on the results based on four different age groups. The complexity of the utterances within variation sets was shown to grow with the increasing age of the children. Furthermore a noticeable difference was observed in the intent of the adult speaker, correlating with the age of the child, and also a decrease in use of interjection combined with yes/no- questions and complex utterances the older the children were. A suggested interpretation of the result was that the adult tend to take both sides of the conversation when the children are young as opposed to when they speak to older, more verbal, children that can provide the answer themselves.
Duchatelez, Stéphane. "La communication poétique. Vers une approche linguistique de l'effet poétique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Toulon, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019TOUL3002.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis research aims to propose a unified conception of poetic modality, whether it appears in verse or prose texts. The approach followed belongs to pragmatics. Renouncing the generic category of poetry, this study redefines poeticity by means of the notion of effects, which our investigation proposes to define. We first show limits and problems of some notions used in (post-)Jakobsonian, enunciative and evocative approaches, then we specify our hypotheses by conducting corpus analyses on Michaux and Roubaud texts. From this first step of our investigation, it appears that the poetic effects are accompanied by parallel interpretative paths of different status. To propose a linguistic formulation of these phenomena, we develop arguments justifying the choice of speech acts theory as a general descriptive framework. Re-examined into this conceptual framework, the gathered data allow us to define poetic effects as anticipated perlocutionary effects, concomitant to the main illocutionary act. Finally, through a series of corpus studies covering a wide range of language facts, we evaluate the robustness of our definition: syntactic phenomena (parallelisms), enunciative (polyphony, values of present simple) or textual (allegory) facts are thereby examined. These analyses confirm the plausibility of our explanation. In addition, our hypotheses about poeticity take into account its manifestations in contemporary poems and some kinds of novels
Sam, Sethserey. "Vers une adaptation autonome des modèles acoustiques multilingues pour le traitement automatique de la parole". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00685204.
Pełny tekst źródłaCosta, Jos? da Luz. "Pr?-fabricados ling??sticos: estrutura e funcionamento de sintagmas verbais idiomatizados - por uma abordagem cognitivo-funcional em sala de aula". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2007. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16271.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis work aims at under the cognitive-functional perspective describing, inside the vast domain of the linguistic prefabs, the structure and the functioning of the Idiomatic Verb Phrases (SVIs), produced by speakers of the Portuguese from Brazil, located in Natal (RN). From the functionalist presupposition that the language is used essentially to assist to communicative demands, it is observed that its morphologic-syntactic structure is conditioned to the inherent pragmatic vicissitudes to the verbal interaction of subjects, socially heterogeneous and historically established. It is focalized, in the composition of SVIs, the relationships VT + OD (transitive verb + direct object), characterizing the syntactic-semantic nature of the verb and of the respective verbal complement. Those verb combinations + complement can be interpreted as lexical structures, reflexes of the idiomaticity inherent to conventional constructions already systematized in the users' of the language cultural repertoire. It is sought, still, to glimpse the cognitive and discursive motivations pertinent to that linguistic phenomenon. In the investigative process, are analyzed exclusive data of speech collected in Corpus Discurso & Gram?tica a lingua falada e escrita na cidade do Natal, organized by Furtado da Cunha (1998). The adopted methodological procedures configure as methods of empiric analysis and use of the intuition, being emphasized the qualitative approach (explanatory) of the data with quantitative support of statistical indicators. It shows, finally, a grating of didactic suggestions on SVIs, for Portuguese's classes, as subsidies to the educational practice in the Medium Teaching and in the course of Letters.
Este trabalho objetiva sob a perspectiva cognitivo-funcional descrever, no interior do vasto dom?nio dos pr?-fabricados ling??sticos, a estrutura e o funcionamento dos sintagmas verbais idiomatizados (SVIs), produzidos por falantes do portugu?s do Brasil, situados em Natal (RN). Partindo do pressuposto funcionalista de que a l?ngua ? usada essencialmente para atender a demandas comunicativas, observa-se que a sua estrutura morfossint?tica est? condicionada ?s vicissitudes pragm?ticas inerentes ? intera??o verbal de sujeitos, socialmente heterog?neos e historicamente estabelecidos. Focaliza-se, na composi??o dos SVIs, as rela??es VT + OD, caracterizando a natureza sint?tico-sem?ntica do verbo e do respectivo complemento verbal. Essas combina??es de verbo + complemento podem ser interpretadas como estruturas lexicalizadas, reflexos da idiomaticidade inerente ?s constru??es convencionais j? sistematizadas no repert?rio cultural dos usu?rios da l?ngua. Procura-se, ainda, entrever as motiva??es cognitivas e discursivas pertinentes a esse fen?meno ling??stico. No processo investigativo, s?o analisados dados exclusivos de fala coletados no Corpus Discurso & Gram?tica a l?ngua falada e escrita na cidade do Natal, organizado por Furtado da Cunha (1998). Os procedimentos metodol?gicos adotados se configuram como m?todos de an?lise emp?rica e uso da intui??o, enfatizando-se a abordagem qualitativa (explicativa) dos dados com suporte quantitativo de indicadores estat?sticos. Apresenta-se, por fim, uma grade de sugest?es did?ticas sobre SVIs, para as aulas de portugu?s, como subs?dios ? pr?tica docente no Ensino M?dio e no curso de Letras.
Forestier, Sébastien. "Intrinsically Motivated Goal Exploration in Child Development and Artificial Intelligence : Learning and Development of Speech and Tool Use". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019BORD0247.
Pełny tekst źródłaBabies and children are curious, active explorers of their world. One of their challenges is to learn of the relations between their actions such as the use of tools or speech, and the changes in their environment. Intrinsic motivations have been little studied in psychology, such that its mechanisms are mostly unknown. On the other hand, most artificial agents and robots have been learning in a way very different from humans. The objective of this thesis is twofold: understanding the role of intrinsic motivations in human development of speech and tool use through robotic modeling, and improving the abilities of artificial agents inspired by the mechanisms of human exploration and learning. A first part of this work concerns the understanding and modeling of intrinsic motivations. We reanalyze a typical tool-use experiment, showing that intrinsically motivated exploration seems to play an important role in the observed behaviors and to interfere with the measured success rates. With a robotic model, we show that an intrinsic motivation based on the learning progress to reach goals with a modular representation can self-organize phases of behaviors in the development of tool-use precursors that share properties with child tool-use development. We present the first robotic model learning both speech and tool use from scratch, which predicts that the grounded exploration of objects in a social interaction scenario should accelerate infant vocal learning of accurate sounds for these objects' names as a result of a goal-directed exploration of the objects. In the second part of this thesis, we extend, formalize and evaluate the algorithms designed to model child development, with the aim to obtain an efficient learning robot. We formalize an approach called Intrinsically Motivated Goal Exploration Processes (IMGEP) that enables the discovery and acquisition of large repertoires of skills. We show within several experimental setups including a real humanoid robot that learning diverse spaces of goals with intrinsic motivations is more efficient for learning complex skills than only trying to directly learn these complex skills
Kleppa, Lou-Ann. "Preposições ligadas a verbos na fala de uma criança em processo de aquisição de linguagem, ou, "Vamos de a pe no carro do vovo?"". [s.n.], 2005. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/270963.
Pełny tekst źródłaDissertação (mestrado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Instituto de Estudos da Linguagem
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Resumo: Para a realização desta pesquisa foram escolhidas preposições relacionadas a verbos na fala de uma criança brasileira, cujos dados são de caráter longitudinal. A observação do funcionamento da preposição conduziu este estudo à noção de gramaticalização, e, aplicando a Hipótese da Gramaticalização foi possível estabelecer diferentes graus de gramaticalização para as preposições recortadas para este estudo; o que se considera uma maneira alternativa de abordar o estatuto categorial da preposição. Um instrumento importante para a análise dos dados selecionados é a noção de transitividade. Através desta noção ¿ que pode ser entendida como uma propriedade sintática inerente ao verbo que se atualiza apenas no uso ¿ chegou-se às noções de valência e regência. Através da noção semântica de valência (número de argumentos do verbo) é possível identificar a posição da preposição na estrutura argumental do verbo (Borba 1996). A noção de regência foi aplicada para se identificar o elemento que seleciona a preposição: o verbo abre um espaço sintático para uma preposição na sentença, mas qual preposição, dentre tantas possíveis, é selecionada, não é necessariamente determinado pelo verbo. Percebeu-se que a heterogeneidade da fala da criança está relacionada ¿ dentre muitos outros fenômenos observáveis na fala da criança ¿ à ausência, troca e excesso de preposições. Esta heterogeneidade não se dá num período de tempo delimitável da vida da criança. As mudanças observadas graças ao caráter longitudinal naturalístico dos dados que ocorreram na fala da criança, de um pólo heterogêneo em relação à língua constituída para o pólo próximo da fala do adulto, são tanto mudanças da linguagem da criança, como mudanças de posição da criança em relação à linguagem (De Lemos, 1992, 2000, 2001, 2002)
Abstract: Prepositions linked to verbs in the speech of a brazilian child, whose data were collected when it was between 1;02.11 and 4;10.06 years old, were chosen as the object of this dissertation. The observation of the functioning of prepositions linked to verbs has conducted this study to issues concerning the categorial status of prepositions, (are they lexical or functional items?) which has led to the notion of grammaticalization. Different degrees of grammaticalization could be established. The image of a continuum seems to be more adequate than that of distinct categories to describe the categorial status of prepositions. Transitivity has proved to be an important tool to analyse the selected data and so issues of valency and government could be approached. Valency is understood as beeing the number of arguments of a verb. After visualizing the argumental structure of a verb, the position of prepositions in this structure could be defined (Borba 1996). The notion of government was helpful to determine which element selects the preposition linked to verbs. It can be posited that the verb opens a syntactic space for the preposition in a sentence. The semantic restrictions to the choice of a specific preposition are not necessarily performed by the verb. It has been noticed that the heterogeneity of child speech is related to ¿ among many other observable phenomena ¿ the absence, switch and excess of prepositions. This heterogeneity isn't manifested in a delimited period of time of the child's life. There are changes from a heterogeneous pole (in relation to adult language) to a pole that is similar to the adult language to be observed along the selected data. Also, changes in the relation of the child with the mother tongue (De Lemos 1992, 2000, 2001, 2002) are discussed in this dissertation
Mestrado
Linguistica
Mestre em Linguística
Haglund, Tore. "Irregular English verbs with regular variants in the past tense and/or the past participle : A corpus-based study of light, speed, and prove". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, Engelska institutionen, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-170048.
Pełny tekst źródłaLeite, Jos? Evangilm?rison Lopes. "Em nome da ordem: a Prefeitura Municipal de Natal como espa?o da sub- vers?o". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2008. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16923.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe main goal of this work is analyze the way which the Natal City Prefecture was constructed as a place of subversion by those we call defenders of the order, in the period right after the outbreak of military coup in 1964. To reach it, the main resource of search was the Relat?rio Subvers?o no Rio Grande do Norte , document produced from the investigations realized in Natal City Prefecture as a result of the Commission of Inquiry s work, established by the governor Alu?zio Alves to determine the subversion in Rio Grande do Norte s society. Based on the anti-comunist speech. That document introduces other image of the Prefecture, which activities developed by de second Djalma Maranh?o administration (1961-1964), specially those developed in the educational area, as the campaign De P? no Ch?o Tamb?m se Aprende a Ler , were considered subversive , communist , dangerous , threatening , names that served as backing to embed Natal City Prefecture in the general view about subversion existing in Rio Grande do Norte, according to the repression speech in this initial period of military regime. Key-words: 1964 Military Coup Natal City Prefecture
O presente trabalho tem como objetivo analisar a maneira pela qual a Prefeitura Municipal de Natal foi constru?da como espa?o da subvers?o, por aqueles que denominamos de defensores da ordem, no per?odo imediatamente posterior ? deflagra??o do golpe militar de 1964. Para tal utilizamos como principal fonte o Relat?rio Subvers?o no Rio Grande do Norte , documento produzido a partir das investiga??es realizadas na Prefeitura Municipal de Natal como resultado do trabalho da comiss?o de inqu?rito institu?da pelo governador Alu?zio Alves para apurar a subvers?o na sociedade norte-rio-grandense. Embasado no discurso anti-comunista, o referido documento apresenta outra imagem da Prefeitura, na qual as atividades desenvolvidas na segunda administra??o do prefeito Djalma Maranh?o (1961-1964), sobretudo aquelas desenvolvidas na ?rea da educa??o, como a Campanha De P? no Ch?o Tamb?m se Aprende a Ler , foram designadas como subversivas , comunistas , perigosas , atentat?rias ? ordem , designa??es que serviram de respaldo colocar a Prefeitura Municipal no quadro geral da subvers?o existente no Rio Grande do Norte, de acordo com o discurso da repress?o, nesse per?odo inicial de implanta??o do regime militar
Ali, Arwa. "La poétique de la fable en vers d'après les discours des fabulistes (1719-1792)". Thesis, Toulouse 2, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017TOU20070/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis proposes to present and analyze the prescriptive discourses of the eighteenth-century’s fabulists, starting with the one of Houdar de La Motte, who in his new Fables in 1719 posed as an admiring opponent of La Fontaine, matchless poet but a very questionable moralist. After presenting this founding book in the context of the general crisis of poetry in France at the time of Homer's Qurelle, we study the ideas of the daring fabulist, anxious to establish rules to make apologues in verses that are in conformity with the didactic objective which, according to La Motte, is a priority in this kind of writing. Four of the successors of La Motte, whose collections were published from 1729 (Richer) to 1792 (Florian), were retained to examine whether this first prescriptive poetic was followed or disputed by poets who necessarily referred to it as they would refer to La Fontaine, an overwhelming model that one sometimes dares to analyze in order to pierce his secret or that one merely admires to allow himself to ambition a place after him
Buyer, Paul de. "Vitesse de convergence vers l'équilibre de systèmes de particules en intéraction". Thesis, Paris 10, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PA100080/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn this thesis, we are interested mainly by the diffusive behaviours and the speed of convergence towards equilibrium in the sense of the variance of different models of interacting particles systems and a problem of percolation.We start by introducing unformally the first subject of interest. In the study of dynamic systems, a markov process aperiodic and irreducible having an invariant measure converges towards it in a long time. In this work, we are interested to quantify the speed of this convergence by studying the variance of the semigroup associated to the dynamic applied to some set of functions. Two speeds of convergence are considered: the exponential speed of convergence implied by a spectral gap in the generator of the process; a polynomial tome of convergence called diffusive when the spectral gap is null.In the second chapter, we study the model of random walk in random environment and we prove in this context a diffusive behavior of the speed of convergence.in the third chapter, we study the simple exclusion process with degenerate rates in dimension 1 called ka1F. We prove bounds on the spectral gap in finite volume and a sub-diffusive behavior in infinite volume. In the fourth chapter, we study an unbounded spin model. We prove a relation betweden the covariance of the evolution of two masses and a random walk in a dynamic random environment.In the last chapter, we are interested in the model of percolation and the study of a conjecture studying the distance of graph in the sense of the percolation
Larabi, Hakim. "Vers la modélisation multi-composants des flammes de spray Formalism for spatially averaged consumption speed considering spherically expanding flame configuration". Thesis, Normandie, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019NORMIR20.
Pełny tekst źródłaUntil recently, automotive and aeronautical engines were designed to operate with fossil fuels. To better meet the economic and environmental challenges of the modern world and of the energy transition, alternative fuels are developed and tested. They are used to replaceconventional fuels or as a blend to achieve the desired thermo-chemical properties. However, the impact of these new fuels on the performance of combustion chambers remains partially known. From this perspective, high-fidelity simulations of turbulent combustion of alternative fuels can be reached only if a detailed multi-component description of the liquid and gas mixtures is considered. The objective of this thesis is to contribute to the unsteady modeling of spray flames where complex multi-component phenomena occur : differential evaporation, multi-species mixing, gas phase chemical reactions. To this aim, the fuel is treated as a set of multi-component mixtures, which may be different in the liquid and gas phases depending on the required accuracy. Different models for the aforementioned phenomena are available in the literature, and the main challenge is the coupling of these different approaches and their validation in realistic and complex conditions. First, the chosen multi-component approach for the gas phase, based on the transport of a large number of species and on finite-rate chemistry, is validated for premixed flames. The expanding spherical flame configuration was chosen to study the flame consumption speed, which is an important parameter in combustion. In collaboration with the experimental team at the CORIA laboratory, a flame consumption speed formalism is established for non-confined and confined spherical expanding flames. This formalism enables to have a precise comparison of experimental and numerical results for methane/air and iso-octane/air flames and to validate the gas phase models. Second, we focused on the physical process of evaporation. The multi-component evaporation model of Abramzon-Sirignano is implemented in the YALES2 flow solver based on a point-particle approach for the fuel droplets. This model is adapted to enable the description of single- or multi-component evaporation with or without differential evaporation. As such, the model is capable of dealing with various fuel surrogates. The evaporation model is compared to the Spalding model and validated on experimental results of Chauveau et al. [33], Nomura et al. [158], Ghassemi et al. [82] and Daïf et al. [47] for a single component droplet and then two-component isolated droplet with and without convection. Finally, the 3D Large-Eddy Simulation (LES) of a complex n-heptane/air spray flame is conducted with analytical reduced chemistry (ARC, [169, 205]). This flame was experimentally studied at the CORIA laboratory with high fidelity diagnostics to characterize the flame structure and provide quantitative data such as gas-phase velocity and temperature as well as local droplet size and velocity distributions. Comparison with the experimental data [225] and with the simulations carried out within the framework of the 6th Workshop on Turbulent Combustion of Spray, shows that the current LES accurately reproduce the gas flow and properties of the dispersed phase. This configuration paves the way for the simulation of even more complex spray flames with multi-component fuels
Drouin, Bernard. "Optimisation des sources motrices dans les mouvements d'oscillation : une evolution vers l'hydraulique rapide". Paris 6, 1987. http://www.theses.fr/1987PA066343.
Pełny tekst źródłaRendulic, Nina. "Le discours représenté dans les interactions orales. De l'étude des structures en contexte vers la construction de l'image des relations interlocutives". Thesis, Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE1144/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaBased on a contextualized data extracted from ESLO, an oral corpus of modern French, this PhD thesis examines the variation in the actualization of represented (reported) speech, with a double aim: to account for their structural complexity in oral interaction and to analyze their influence on the construction of the interlocutive relation and thematic paths.After defining the external borders of the phenomenon and placing the concept of represented speech with regard to several linguistic and non-linguistic approaches that reflect its epistemological complexity, this study engages in two directions. The first one, formal, will define represented speech as grammatical constructions, determined by the inseparability of three criteria: the bipartite structure, the enunciation offset and the metadiscursive functioning. The main contribution of this analysis is being illustrated in the reinterpretation of the link between “quoting discourse” and “quoted discourse”, analyzed in the macrosyntactic perspective that applies to all occurrences of represented speech in oral interaction. The second direction, which relates to the links between represented speech and the construction of an interlocutive relation, studies several represented speech configurations in context, with two aims: the study of the relation to the interlocutor, through the staging and the authenticity illusion conveyed by represented speech, and the study of the relation to oneself, the speaker, constructing a self-image through his interventions in the reconstruction of other words
Gotab, Pierre. "Classification automatique pour la compréhension de la parole : vers des systèmes semi-supervisés et auto-évolutifs". Phd thesis, Université d'Avignon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00858980.
Pełny tekst źródłaRendulic, Nina. "Le discours représenté dans les interactions orales. De l'étude des structures en contexte vers la construction de l'image des relations interlocutives". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Orléans, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015ORLE1144.
Pełny tekst źródłaBased on a contextualized data extracted from ESLO, an oral corpus of modern French, this PhD thesis examines the variation in the actualization of represented (reported) speech, with a double aim: to account for their structural complexity in oral interaction and to analyze their influence on the construction of the interlocutive relation and thematic paths.After defining the external borders of the phenomenon and placing the concept of represented speech with regard to several linguistic and non-linguistic approaches that reflect its epistemological complexity, this study engages in two directions. The first one, formal, will define represented speech as grammatical constructions, determined by the inseparability of three criteria: the bipartite structure, the enunciation offset and the metadiscursive functioning. The main contribution of this analysis is being illustrated in the reinterpretation of the link between “quoting discourse” and “quoted discourse”, analyzed in the macrosyntactic perspective that applies to all occurrences of represented speech in oral interaction. The second direction, which relates to the links between represented speech and the construction of an interlocutive relation, studies several represented speech configurations in context, with two aims: the study of the relation to the interlocutor, through the staging and the authenticity illusion conveyed by represented speech, and the study of the relation to oneself, the speaker, constructing a self-image through his interventions in the reconstruction of other words
Menouti, Kanella. "Comment conjuguer le présent du verbe "être" ? Approche anthropologique et didactique d'une situation pédagogique complexe à travers l'enseignement d'une langue étrangère : le cas d'une école insulaire en Grèce". Thesis, Montpellier 3, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013MON30029.
Pełny tekst źródłaDeriving from the observation of an accentuated lack of learning of French as a Foreign Language in a secondary school in Greece, this research attempts to question the relation between the notions of “learner” in the official curriculum and the “real student”. Disciplinary discourse claiming modernisation of the educational system through a communicative doctrine construes the “learner” in generic terms as supposedly bearing a functional relationship with language, being an active participant and an actor in every communication situation. On the other hand, the “real student” can be comprehended through the observation of his acting and interacting with the institution and by listening to his words, those of a simulacrum of a student faltering in the margins of learning. In such a context, the process of teaching and learning French acquires particular significations. Due to its “foreignness”, the French language potentially constitutes a symbolic space for someone being a student, a student participating in the learning process through the emergence of his subjectivity in speech. On the condition that the teacher considers the student beyond the curriculum and by being involved himself as a subject in forming relations between the disciplinary discourse and classroom activities. To accept and to express the passage between the negativity of the student's learning and the emergence of a real learner marks the student’s consideration as being a subject in the process of teaching
Blanchon, Sylvain. "Etude de la diversité phénotypique et génotypique des dyskinésies ciliaires primitives : vers une prise en charge personnalisée". Thesis, Paris Est, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PESC0073.
Pełny tekst źródłaThai, Thi Hong An. "Trois essais sur la structure du capital et la vitesse d'ajustement vers d’un ratio «cible» d’endettement des entreprises vietnamiennes". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019GREAG005.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe first paper stemmed from this thesis seeks to explore the determinants of the capital structure of Vietnamese listed companies, with an emphasis on outside ownership. The empirical results demonstrate that the proportion of state investment has no linear impact on firm leverage. The results, however, reveal an inverted U-shaped relationship. Besides, our empirical results show that the proportions of foreign investment and large holders are negatively associated with short-term, total and market leverage. There is no evidence about the non-linear relationship between foreign and large ownership and the capital structure of observed firms.The second study aims to explore some new aspects of the issue of adjustment speed toward the target leverage for Vietnamese publicly quoted firms by adopting a partial adjustment model. Through testing the existence of the target leverage and estimating the speed of adjustment, the study tries to find evidence of heterogeneity in adjustment behavior. Indeed, the assumption that the speed of adjustment is the same for all firms is inconsistent with the argument of the tradeoff theory which states that firms readjust their leverage by comparing the costs and benefits of adjustment. For different firms, these elements are different, leading to heterogeneity in speed. Even for a single company, the speed could change over time. To have an in-depth overview of the adjustment mechanism, this study goes inside different sub-samples of firms, i.e., above versus below the target; close versus far from the target; deficit versus surplus firms.The last essay belonging to the thesis provides the first ever evidence of the changes of adjustment behaviors over the business life cycle of Vietnam quoted firms from 2005 to 2017. The outcomes show that the adjustment speed towards the target leverage varies significantly across the five phases of life, and reaches the highest level in the stage of introduction. The results also indicate that the cash flow pattern is a more reliable proxy of business life cycle stages than firm age and growth rate. Our empirical evidence supports the pecking order theory as the best-fit framework to understand the funding behavior of Vietnam listed firms throughout corporate life
Macedo, Auric?lia de. "Ind?cios sincr?nicos de gramaticaliza??o: o uso do verbo chegar em ora??es coordenadas e na per?frase verbal [chegar (e) + v2]: contribui??es para o ensino de gram?tica". Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Norte, 2010. http://repositorio.ufrn.br:8080/jspui/handle/123456789/16167.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoordena??o de Aperfei?oamento de Pessoal de N?vel Superior
Based on North American Functional Linguistic Theory, our proposal is to describe and analyze the use of verb CHEGAR in verbal periphrasis such as [CHEGAR (E) + V2], where CHEGAR does not demonstrate a significance linked to physical movement. In linguistic literature, such periphrasis has been attributed several functions, related to aspectualization, emphasis of negative segments, and construction of mental spaces, among others. This study considers that the function of verb CHEGAR in the periphrasis in question is to indicate a global aspect, emphasizing a range of semantic-pragmatic nuances such as the sudden, instantaneous, or even abrupt character of the events refered to by the principal verb of the construction (V2), and/or the taking of initiative (sudden) by the agent (in the syntactic role of periphrastic subject), and/or subjective evaluations which go from surprise to frustration. Our objectives are the following: i) to describe and analyze the semanticpragmatic, morphosyntactic and social relationships which characterize the use of CHEGAR in verbal periphrases like [CHEGAR (E) + V2] and in coordinated/juxtaposed speech in which CHEGAR is the principal verb of the first utterance and is an elocution verb and the principal verb of the second; ii) identify, based on this description and analysis, synchrony proof in the grammaticalization of CHEGAR as an auxiliary verb in the periphrasis refered to. There was observed to be a strong similarity between coordinate/juxtaposed and periphrastic constructions. Such similarities strengthen the hypothesis that the use of CHEGAR as a lexical verb in coordinate/juxtaposed structures is the origin of the use of CHEGAR in the periphrastic structure, since the many properties encountered with higher frequency in lexical use are also just as frequently used as auxiliaries. Nevertheless, between the two constructions being studied, sufficient difference can be observed to see that CHEGAR, in the periphrasis [CHEGAR (E) V2], is behaving like an auxiliary verb, and shows typical properties of these types of verbs: i) in 100% of occurrences, it does not have a complement;ii) it has a co-referential subject in 100% of cases; iii) it does not appear with intervening material between it and V2. Besides this, CHEGAR, in periphrases, is predominant in nonneutral evaluation contexts, denoted by V2. Inspired by the results obtained, we propose strategies for the discussion of the [CHEGAR (E) V2] periphrases in both elementary and high schools.
Com base no referencial te?rico do Funcionalismo Ling??stico norte-americano, nossa proposta ? descrever e analisar o uso do verbo CHEGAR em per?frases verbais do tipo [CHEGAR (E) + V2], em que CHEGAR n?o manifesta significado ligado a movimento f?sico. Na literatura ling??stica, a tais per?frases t?m sido atribu?das fun??es variadas, relacionadas ? aspectualiza??o, ? ?nfase de trechos narrativos e ? constru??o de espa?os mentais, entre outras. Neste estudo, consideramos que a fun??o do verbo CHEGAR nas per?frases em quest?o ? indicar aspecto global, ressaltando um leque de nuan?as sem?ntico-pragm?ticas como o car?ter repentino, instant?neo ou at? brusco do evento referido pelo verbo principal da constru??o (V2), e/ou a tomada de iniciativa (s?bita) do agente (no papel sint?tico de sujeito da per?frase), e/ou avalia??es subjetivas que v?o da surpresa ? frustra??o. Nossos objetivos s?o: (i) descrever e analisar as rela??es sem?nticopragm?ticas, morfossint?ticas e sociais que caracterizam o uso de CHEGAR em per?frases verbais do tipo [CHEGAR (E) + V2] e em ora??es coordenadas/justapostas em que CHEGAR ? o verbo principal da primeira ora??o e um verbo de elocu??o ? o verbo principal da segunda ora??o; (i) identificar, com base nessa descri??o e an?lise, ind?cios sincr?nicos da gramaticaliza??o de CHEGAR como verbo auxiliar nas referidas per?frases. Observamos haver forte similaridade entre as constru??es coordenadas/justapostas e perifr?sticas. Tais similaridades fortalecem a hip?tese de que o uso de CHEGAR como verbo lexical na estrutura coordenada/justaposta ? a fonte dos usos de CHEGAR na estrutura perifr?stica, uma vez que v?rias das propriedades que encontramos com grande freq??ncia no uso lexical est?o tamb?m presentes com grande freq??ncia no uso auxiliar. Todavia, entre as duas constru??es sob enfoque observam-se diferen?as suficientes para se considerar que CHEGAR, na per?frase [CHEGAR (E) V2], comporta-se como verbo auxiliar, pois manifesta propriedades t?picas desse tipo de verbos: (i) n?o seleciona complemento em 100% das ocorr?ncias; (ii) possui sujeito correferencial ao de V2 em 100% das ocorr?ncias; (iii) n?o aparece com material interveniente entre si e V2. Com inspira??o nos resultados obtidos, propusemos estrat?gias para a abordagem da per?frase [CHEGAR (E) V2] nas escolas de n?vel fundamental e m?dio.
Diaz, Villalba Alejandro. "Le participe dans les grammaires des langues romanes (XVe-XVIIIe siècles). Histoire comparée d'une classe grammaticale". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017USPCA080.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe study investigates the history of the word-class of participle through a close study of a corpus of French, Spanish, Portuguese and Italian grammars which were published between the 15th and 18th centuries. The comparative approach is based on the methodological principle of “series of texts”, by grouping and collating a hundred works according to several variable parameters: the chronology, the theme or the grammatical tradition of the language in question.The first part of the study deals with the linguistic categorization and questions the nature of the non-finite verbal forms, especially the participle and its use in an analytical verbal form. The second part deals with the history of the participle from a more general point of view. Thus, after an overview of the problematic aspects of Greek and Latin grammarians, the analysis focuses on the treatment of the word-class in the grammars of the Romance languages. The third part focuses on the approaches and concepts used by the Renaissance grammarians to deal with compound tenses and on how they described and (re)-categorized the participle forms of these verbal tenses
El estudio presenta la historia de la clase del participio a través de un corpus de gramáticas de español, francés, italiano y portugués publicadas entre los siglos XV y XVIII. El enfoque comparativo se basa en el principio metodológico de la constitución de series textuales, que nos permite agrupar y cotejar un centenar de textos en función de parámetros variables: la cronología, el tema o la tradición gramatical de la lengua objeto.La primera parte aborda el asunto de la categorización en lingüística e indaga la naturaleza de las formas no finitas del verbo, especialmente la del participio y su utilización en las formas analíticas del verbo. La segunda parte propone una aproximacióna la historia del participio desde una perspectiva más general. Así pues, tras una cala en los aspectos problemáticos relacionados con el participio tratados por los gramáticos griegos y latinos, el análisis se centra en el tratamiento de la clase en las gramáticas de las lenguas romances. La tercera parte investiga sobre los enfoques y los conceptos que emplean los gramáticos del Renacimiento para tratar los tiempos compuestos, y sobre el modo en que describen y (re)categorizan las formas participiales de esos tiempos verbales
Мазна, Ю. О. "Статус повнозначних слів у споріднених мовах: лінгвістичний і перекладацький вектори". Master's thesis, Сумський державний університет, 2020. https://essuir.sumdu.edu.ua/handle/123456789/81243.
Pełny tekst źródłaВ магистерской работе анализируются знаменательные слова родственных английского и украинского языков. Рассматриваются самостоятельные части речи, которыми чаще всего выступают знаменательные слова, основные методы их перевода. Приведены примеры из серии книг Дж. К. Роулинг «Гарри Поттер». В методической части рассматривается сравнительный подход для изучения английского языка. Метод ориентирован на нахождение похожих лексических единиц, запоминание их написания и произношения. Универсальность сравнительного подхода заключается в том, что его можно использовать не только на начальном, но и на последующих этапах изучения языка. Это зависит от уровня знаний иностранного языка, интересов и способностей учащихся.
The master thesis analyzes the meaning-bearing words in related English and Ukrainian languages. The independent parts of speech and the main methods of their translation are considered. Examples are provided from J.K. Rowling’s Harry Potter series of books. The methodological part deals to comparative approach in learning English. The method is focused on finding similar lexical units, memorizing them, writing and pronunciation. The versatility of the comparative approach lies in the fact that it can be used not only at the initial, but also at subsequent stages of language learning. It depends on the level of knowledge of a foreign language, interests and abilities of students.