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Książki na temat „Spatial response”

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Data publikacji: 12 października 2024

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1

United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. Mesospheric response to impacting relativistic electrons: Final report. Palo Alto, CA: Space Sciences Laboratory, Lockheed-Martin Palo Alto Research Laboratories, 1996.

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1951-, Christensen Ronald, red. Advanced linear modeling: Multivariate, time series, and spatial data; nonparametric regression and response surface maximization. Wyd. 2. New York: Springer, 2001.

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Leuthold, Hartmut. Analysis of spatial stimulus response compatibility and the Simon effect by means of overt behavioral and electrophysiological measures: Covert response activation as a common basis? Konstanz: Hartung-Gorre, 1994.

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4

Ziskind, Avi. Neurons in Cat Primary Visual Cortex cluster by degree of tuning but not by absolute spatial phase or temporal response phase. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2013.

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5

NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on Spatial Planning as a. Strategy for Migration and Adaptation to Natural Hazards (2008 Santiago de Compostela Spain ). Building safer communities: Risk governance, spatial planning and responses to natural hazards. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2009.

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6

NATO, Advanced Research Workshop on Spatial Planning as a. Strategy for Migration and Adaptation to Natural Hazards (2008 Santiago de Compostela Spain ). Building safer communities: Risk governance, spatial planning and responses to natural hazards. Amsterdam: IOS Press, 2009.

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7

Turok, Ivan. Urbanisation and development in South Africa: Economic imperatives, spatial distortions and strategic responses. London: Human Settlements Group, International Institute for Environment and Development, 2012.

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8

Waltermire, Scott W. Visualizing transient structural response by expanding spatially incomplete time history data. Monterey, Calif: Naval Postgraduate School, 1997.

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9

1952-, Huntley Brian, i NATO Advanced Research Workshop "Past and Future Rapid Environmental Changes: the Spatial and Evolutionary Responses of Terrestrial Biota" (1995 : Crieff, Scotland), red. Past and future rapid environmental changes: The spatial and evolutionary responses of terrestrial biota. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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10

Rossikhin, Yury A., i Marina V. Shitikova. Dynamic Response of Pre-Stressed Spatially Curved Thin-Walled Beams of Open Profile. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-20969-7.

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Rossikhin, Yury A. Dynamic Response of Pre-Stressed Spatially Curved Thin-Walled Beams of Open Profile. Berlin, Heidelberg: Yury A. Rossikhin, 2011.

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12

Westwood, Christian G. The responses of chalk stream macrophyte communities to environmental conditions at a range of spatial scales. Portsmouth: University of Portsmouth, 2003.

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13

Jessica, White, United Nations Development Programme. South East Asia HIV and Development Programme. i CICRED, red. Development, spatial mobility and HIV/AIDS: A workshop on interrelations and programmatic responses, 1-3 September 2004, Paris, France. Bangkok: UNDP South East Asia HIV and Development Programme, 2004.

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14

Stephan, Feuchtwang, red. Making place: State projects, globalisation and local responses in China. London: UCL, 2004.

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15

Lindner, Christoph, i Gerard Sandoval, red. Aesthetics of Gentrification. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789463722032.

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Gentrification is reshaping cities worldwide, resulting in seductive spaces and exclusive communities that aspire to innovation, creativity, sustainability, and technological sophistication. Gentrification is also contributing to growing social-spatial division and urban inequality and precarity. In a time of escalating housing crisis, unaffordable cities, and racial tension, scholars speak of eco-gentrification, techno-gentrification, super-gentrification, and planetary gentrification to describe the different forms and scales of involuntary displacement occurring in vulnerable communities in response to current patterns of development and the hype-driven discourses of the creative city, smart city, millennial city, and sustainable city. In this context, how do contemporary creative practices in art, architecture, and related fields help to produce or resist gentrification? What does gentrification look and feel like in specific sites and communities around the globe, and how is that appearance or feeling implicated in promoting stylized renewal to a privileged public? In what ways do the aesthetics of gentrification express contested conditions of migration and mobility? Addressing these questions, this book examines the relationship between aesthetics and gentrification in contemporary cities from multiple, comparative, global, and transnational perspectives.

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16

Parhi, Pradipta. Diagnosing Mechanisms for a Spatio-Temporally Varying Tropical Land Rainfall Response to Transient El Niño Warming And Development of a Prognostic Climate Risk Management Framework. [New York, N.Y.?]: [publisher not identified], 2020.

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17

Starkey, Lindsay. Encountering Water in Early Modern Europe and Beyond. NL Amsterdam: Amsterdam University Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.5117/9789462988736.

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Both the Christian Bible and Aristotle’s works suggest that water should entirely flood the earth. Though many ancient, medieval, and early modern Europeans relied on these works to understand and explore the relationships between water and earth, sixteenth-century Europeans particularly were especially concerned with why dry land existed. This book investigates why they were so interested in water’s failure to submerge the earth when their predecessors had not been. Analyzing biblical commentaries as well as natural philosophical, geographical, and cosmographical texts from these periods, Lindsay Starkey shows that European sea voyages to the southern hemisphere combined with the traditional methods of European scholarship and religious reformations led sixteenth-century Europeans to reinterpret water and earth’s ontological and spatial relationships. The manner in which they did so also sheds light on how we can respond to our current water crisis before it is too late.

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18

Stevens, James Gerard. The temporal and spatial acoustical response of a point-driven, fluid-loaded plate. 1987.

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Relationship of age and speed of response to verbal and visual-spatial performance. 1988.

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20

Msuya, Elibariki E., Aida Cuthbert Isinika i Fred Mawunyo Dzanku. Agricultural Intensification Response to Agricultural Input Subsidies in Tanzania: A Spatial-Temporal and Gender Perspective, 2002–15. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198799283.003.0006.

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In Tanzania, structural adjustment policies implemented during the 1980s removed all agricultural subsidies. However, declining productivity and production of maize and rice—the main food crops—forced the government to restore subsidies in 2003. This chapter examines the impact of the agricultural input subsidy programme, looking at farmers’ response to subsidized inorganic fertilizer and improved maize and rice seed—discerning gender and temporal impacts. Farmers in Iringa and Morogoro were highly responsive to the fertilizer and seed components of the input subsidy, and their response was sensitive to the magnitude of the subsidy. Farmers in Morogoro were less responsive to both technologies due to dominance of rice production. Adoption was lower for female-managed farms, with corresponding lower livelihood outcomes, attributed to lower resource endowment. It is therefore recommended that underperforming farmers, including female farm manages in lower wealth ranks, required initiative to improve their productivity and production.

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21

Middel, Gerald J. A spatial analysis of debris slide hazard in response to varying timber harvest regimes. 1999.

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Laver, Michael, i Ernest Sergenti. Spatial Dynamics of Political Competition. Princeton University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.23943/princeton/9780691139036.003.0002.

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This chapter sets up the core problem of the present volume. To demonstrate that this problem is analytically intractable, it uses results from a subfield of geometry that deals with “Voronoi tessellations” (or tilings) that has powerful applications in many disciplines. Largely unnoticed by political scientists, this work addresses a problem of “competitive spatial location” that is directly analogous to the problem of dynamic competition between a set of political parties competing with each other by offering rival policy programs. One result from this field is that the problem of competitive spatial location is intractable if the space concerned has more than one dimension, implying that there are no formally provable best-response strategies for this. This is an important and widely recognized justification for deploying computational methods, and the study of Voronoi tessellations is a major subfield in computational geometry.

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23

Christensen, Ronald. Advanced Linear Modeling: Multivariate, Time Series, and Spatial Data; Nonparametric Regression and Response Surface Maximization. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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Christensen, Ronald. Advanced Linear Modeling: Multivariate, Time Series, and Spatial Data; Nonparametric Regression and Response Surface Maximization. Springer New York, 2010.

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25

Patulli, Ilaria. No Fear of Global Warming? Temporal - Spatial Biases and Response Engagement into Fear Environmental Appeal. GRIN Verlag GmbH, 2017.

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26

Saalmann, Yuri B., i Sabine Kastner. Neural Mechanisms of Spatial Attention in the Visual Thalamus. Redaktorzy Anna C. (Kia) Nobre i Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.013.

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Neural mechanisms of selective attention route behaviourally relevant information through brain networks for detailed processing. These attention mechanisms are classically viewed as being solely implemented in the cortex, relegating the thalamus to a passive relay of sensory information. However, this passive view of the thalamus is being revised in light of recent studies supporting an important role for the thalamus in selective attention. Evidence suggests that the first-order thalamic nucleus, the lateral geniculate nucleus, regulates the visual information transmitted from the retina to visual cortex, while the higher-order thalamic nucleus, the pulvinar, regulates information transmission between visual cortical areas, according to attentional demands. This chapter discusses how modulation of thalamic responses, switching the response mode of thalamic neurons, and changes in neural synchrony across thalamo-cortical networks contribute to selective attention.

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27

Rupturing Architecture: Spatial Practices of Refuge in Response to War and Violence in Iraq, 2003-2023. Bloomsbury Publishing Plc, 2024.

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Great Britain: Department for Communities and Local Government. Government response to the Communities and Local Government Committee's report Abolition of regional spatial strategies: A planning Vacuum. Stationery Office, The, 2011.

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Certoma, Chiara, Susan Noori i Martin Sondermann, red. Urban gardening and the struggle for social and spatial justice. Manchester University Press, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.7228/manchester/9781526126092.001.0001.

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It is increasingly clear that, alongside the spectacular forms of justice activism, the actually existing just city outcomes from different everyday practices of performative politics that produce transformative trajectories and alternative realities in response to particular injustices in situated contexts. The massive diffusion of urban gardening practices (including allotments, community gardens, guerrilla gardening and the multiple, inventive forms of gardening the city) deserve a special attention as experiential learning and in-becoming responses to spatial politics, able to articulate different forms of power and resistance to current state of unequal distribution of benefits and burdens in the urban space. While advancing their socio-environmental claims, urban gardeners makes evident that the physical disposition of living beings and non-living things can both determine and perpetuate injustices or create justice spaces. In so doing, urban gardeners question the inequality-biased structuring and functioning of social formations (most notably urban deprivation, lack of public decision and engagement, and marginalization processes); and conversely create (or allow the creation of) spaces of justice in contemporary cities. This book presents a selection of contributions investigating the possibility and capability of urban gardeners to effectively tackling with spatial injustice; and it offers the readers a sound theoretically-grounded reflections on the topic. Building upon on-the-field experiences in European cities, it presents a wide range of engaged scholarly researches that investigate whether, how and to what extend urban gardening is able to contrast inequalities and disparities in living conditions.

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Cohen, Marlene R., i John H. R. Maunsell. Neuronal Mechanisms of Spatial Attention in Visual Cerebral Cortex. Redaktorzy Anna C. (Kia) Nobre i Sabine Kastner. Oxford University Press, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199675111.013.007.

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Attention is associated with improved performance on perceptual tasks and changes in the way that neurons in the visual system respond to sensory stimuli. While we now have a greater understanding of the way different behavioural and stimulus conditions modulate the responses of neurons in different cortical areas, it has proven difficult to identify the neuronal mechanisms responsible for these changes and establish a strong link between attention-related modulation of sensory responses and changes in perception. Recent conceptual and technological advances have enabled progress and hold promise for the future. This chapter focuses on newly established links between attention-related modulation of visual responses and bottom-up sensory processing, how attention relates to interactions between neurons, insights from simultaneous recordings from groups of cells, and how this knowledge might lead to greater understanding of the link between the effects of attention on sensory neurons and perception.

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31

Lai, Karen P. Y. Singapore. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198817314.003.0008.

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This chapter examines the spatial and temporal dynamics shaping the development of financial markets and activities to account for the rise of Singapore as an international financial centre (IFC). The analysis draws upon the preceding 1997 Asian financial crisis as industry changes and policy response back then set the stage for subsequent industry shifts, which have shaped the responses and impacts of firms, regulators, and consumers following the 2008 Global Financial Crisis. Key industry shifts include banking liberalization and changing forms of financial consumption in Singapore. The growing prominence of financial markets and emerging sectors, such as Islamic banking and finance (IBF) and offshore renminbi (RMB), and fintech are also examined in terms of their importance for Singapore’s future role as an IFC.

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32

Paleo, U. Fra. Building Safer Communities. Risk Governance, Spatial Planning and Responses to Natural Hazards. IOS Press, Incorporated, 2009.

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33

and, Bruno. Attention and Learning. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198725022.003.0009.

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Attention can be defined as a multifaceted gateway to consciousness. We use attention to focus on specific sensory signals (selective attention), to allocate resources to concurrent relevant sources (divided attention), to switch between tasks (alternate attention), to maintain focus on a task for a prolonged period (sustained attention), to ready ourselves for a quick response to sudden novel information (alertness); and all these processes, to some extent, control what sensory signals are processed up to the level of conscious awareness. The multifarious functions of attention often involve multisensory interactions, and in this chapter, will we discuss three broad issues in studying multisensory attention. We will start by considering multisensory spatial attention to signals within different sensory channels in a goal directed manner, in comparison to conditions whereby attention is automatically engaged by external multisensory signals. Next, we will discuss multisensory non-spatial attention. In conclusion, we will discuss the implications for multisensory learning and memory.

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Beninger, Richard J. Multiple memory systems. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198824091.003.0004.

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Multiple memory systems describes how memories can be declarative or non-declarative; incentive learning produces one type of non-declarative memory. Patients with bilateral hippocampal damage have declarative memory deficits (amnesia) but intact non-declarative memory; patients with striatal dysfunction, for example, Parkinson’s patients who lose striatal dopamine have impaired incentive learning but intact declarative memory. Rats with lesions of the fornix (hippocampal output pathway), but not lesions of the dorsal striatum, have impaired spatial (declarative) memory; rats with lesions of the dorsal striatum, but not fornix, have impaired stimulus–response memory that relies heavily on incentive learning. These memory systems possibly inhibit one another to control responding: in rats, a group that received fornix lesions and had impaired spatial learning did better on an incentive task; in humans, hippocampus damage was associated with improvement on an incentive learning task and striatal damage was associated with increased involvement of the hippocampus in a route-recognition task.

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Dibben, Nicola. Music and Environmentalism in Iceland. Redaktorzy Fabian Holt i Antti-Ville Kärjä. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780190603908.013.9.

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This chapter is a scholarly response to environmental degradation in Iceland. In recognizing the scope of the crisis, the chapter questions conventional wisdom in musical geography and offers a new vision for music’s potential in transnational futures. The chapter offers an argument for eco-cosmopolitanism as an alternative to place-centered approaches to the analysis of contemporary spatial experiences, suggesting that recorded music might help people see themselves as part of a global biosphere. The analysis includes a discussion of musical activism in response to the Kárahnjúkar Hydropower Project and offers two case studies, illustrating a topophilic and a biophilic conception of the national environment. The first case study is the 2007 documentary Heima (Homeland) about a free, unannounced concert tour by Sigur Rós and the second is Björk’s 2011 album Biophilia.

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Jiang, Sizun, Darci Phillips i Scott Rodig, red. Defining the Spatial Organization of Immune Responses to Cancer and Viruses in situ. Frontiers Media SA, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.3389/978-2-88974-517-3.

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Visualizing Transient Structural Response by Expanding Spatially Incomplete Time History Data. Storming Media, 1997.

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38

Huntley, Brian, Wolfgang Cramer, Alan V. Morgan, Honor C. Prentice i Judy R. M. Allen. Past and Future Rapid Environmental Changes: The Spatial and Evolutionary Responses of Terrestrial Biota. Springer London, Limited, 2013.

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Huntley, Brian, Wolfgang Cramer, Alan V. Morgan, Honor C. Prentice i Judy R. M. Allen. Past and Future Rapid Environmental Changes: The Spatial and Evolutionary Responses of Terrestrial Biota. Springer Berlin / Heidelberg, 2011.

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40

Grethlein, Jonas. Lessing’s Laocoon and the ‘As-If’ of Aesthetic Experience. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198802228.003.0012.

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In this chapter Jonas Grethlein tackles the shared but distinct aesthetic mechanics of responding to narratives and pictures. After taking into account ‘deconstructionist’ readings of Laocoon, Grethlein argues that Lessing’s insights are fundamental for articulating how aesthetic experience works. Reformulating Lessing’s categories of temporal ‘poetry’ and spatial ‘painting’, while also concentrating on aesthetic response rather than formal medial difference, Grethlein renders Lessing’s essay into a guide for approaching the poles of what he labels ‘narratives’ and ‘pictures’. According to Grethlein, Lessing’s arguments concerning ‘poetry’ and ‘painting’ can help to advance a phenomenological argument about the ‘as if’ (in Kendall Walton’s terms) of aesthetic experience.

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Fikfak, Alenka, Saja Kosanović, Miha Konjar i Enrico Anguillari, red. SUSTAINABILITY AND RESILIENCE: socio-spatial perspective. TU Delft Bouwkunde, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.47982/bookrxiv.23.

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Sustainability and resilience have become indispensable parts of the contemporary debate over the built environment. Although recognised as imperatives, the complexity and the variety of interpretations of sustainability and resilience have raised the necessity to again rethink their notion in the context of the built environment and to reframe the state-of-the-art body of knowledge. The book Sustainability and Resilience: Socio-Spatial Perspective so begins with the exploration of the broadest conceptual frame-of-reference of issues related to sustainability, and the re-establishment of the connection between the built environment and the conditions that are vital to its functioning, primarily in relation to energy, land use, climate, and economy. Subsequent discussion on resilience as a term, approach, and philosophy aims to conceptualise an interpretation of key resilience concepts, explain relationships and links among them, and propose the classification of resilience as applicable to the context of urban studies. By studying the processes of transition of the built environment, the book then reveals a coherent formula of ‘thinking sustainability + resilience’ aimed at improving the ability to respond to disruptions and hazards while enhancing human and environmental welfare. The necessity to integrate the two approaches is further accented as a result of a deliberative discourse on the notions of ‘social sustainability’, ‘sustainable community’, and ‘socio-cultural resilience’. The potential of measuring sustainable development and urban sustainability on the basis of defined social, human, and, additionally, natural and economic values is presented though an overview of different wellknown indicators and the identification of a currently relevant tangible framework of sustainable development. Correspondingly, the role of policies and governance is demonstrated on the case of climate-proof cities. In this way, the consideration of approaches to sustainability and resilience of the urban environment is rounded, and the focus of the book is shifted towards an urban/rural dichotomy and the sustainability prospects of identified forms-in-between, and, subsequently, towards the exploration of values, challenges, and the socio-cultural role in achieving sustainability for rural areas. In the final chapters, the book offers several peculiarised socio-spatial perspectives, from defining the path towards more resilient communities and sustainable spaces based on a shared wellbeing, to proposing the approach to define community resilience as an intentional action that aims to respond to, and influence, the course of social and economic change, to deliberating the notion of a ’healthy place’ and questioning its optimal scale in the built environment. The study of sustainability and resilience in this book is concluded by drawing a parallel between environmental, economic, and social determinants of the built environment and the determinants that are relevant to human health and well-being.

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42

Anderson, James A. Loose Ends. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/acprof:oso/9780199357789.003.0017.

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This chapter presents some ideas about Ersatz Brain Theory, which generalizes models presented in the book. It is based on three equal components: computation, cognition, and neuroscience. In the Ersatz Brain, the basic computing elements are locally interconnected groups of neurons, for example, cortical columns, and not single neurons. Columns are more powerful than neurons alone because of the potential for selectivity and reliability. A “network of networks” modular architecture is formed from interconnected groups. Response selection emerges from the stability properties of dynamical systems. Traveling waves and interference patterns also grow naturally out of dynamics and local connections. The resulting systems operate using similar rules at multiple spatial scales for different levels of integration.

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Furst, Eric M., i Todd M. Squires. Interferometric tracking. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780199655205.003.0006.

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The purpose of this chapter is to present a survey of passive microrheology techniques that are important complements to more widely used particle tracking and light scattering methods. Such methods include back focal plane interferometry and extensions of particle tracking to measure the rotation of colloidal particles. Methods of passive microrheology using back focal plane interferometry are presented, including the experimental design and detector sensitivity and limits in frequency bandwidth and spatial resolution. The Generalized Stokes Einstein relation is derived from linear response theory of the particle position power spectrum and complex susceptibility. Applications of interoferometric tracking include high frequency microrheology and two-point measurements. Lastly, the chapter includes a discussion of rotational passive microrheology and the rotational GSER.

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44

B, Lucia Muriel Gutierrez. Spatial orientation and biomagnetic responses of Katharina tunicata (mollusca : Polyplacophora), in Washington and in California. 1993.

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Koinova, Maria. Diaspora Entrepreneurs and Contested States. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198848622.001.0001.

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Why do conflict-generated diasporas mobilize in contentious and non-contentious ways or use mixed strategies of contention? Why do they channel their homeland-oriented goals through host-states, transnational networks, and international organizations? This book develops a theory of socio-spatial positionality and its implications for the individual agency of diaspora entrepreneurs, moving beyond essentialized notions of diasporas as groups. Individual diaspora entrepreneurs operate in transnational social fields affecting their mobilizations beyond dynamics confined to host-states and original home-states. There are four types of diaspora entrepreneurs—Broker, Local, Distant, and Reserved—depending on the relative strength of their socio-spatial linkages to host-land, on the one hand, and original homeland and other global locations, on the other. A two-level typological theory captures nine causal pathways, unravelling how the socio-spatial linkages of these diaspora entrepreneurs interact with external factors: host-land foreign policies, homeland governments, parties, non-state actors, and critical events or limited global influences. Such pathways produce mobilization trajectories with varying levels of contention and methods of channelling homeland-oriented goals. Non-contentious pathways often occur when host-state foreign policies are convergent with the diaspora entrepreneurs’ goals, and when diaspora entrepreneurs can act autonomously. Dual-pronged contention pathways occur quite often, under the influence of homeland governments, non-state actors, and political parties. The most contentious pathway occurs in response to violent critical events in the homeland or adjacent to it fragile states. This book is informed by 300 interviews and a dataset of 146 interviews with diaspora entrepreneurs among the Albanian, Armenian, and Palestinian diasporas in the UK, Germany, France, Netherlands, Sweden, and Switzerland, as well as Kosovo and Armenia in the European neighbourhood.

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46

Hu, Yuncai. Growth response of wheat plant to salinity in hydroponics and soil: I. interactive effects of salinity and macronutrients on the growth, yield, and mineral element contents under hyroponic conditions. II. spatial and temporal distribution of growth and the mineral element and carbohydrate contents in the leaves under saline soil conditions. 1996.

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47

Woods, Angela, Ben Alderson-Day i Charles Fernyhough, red. Voices in Psychosis. Oxford University PressOxford, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192898388.001.0001.

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Abstract Voices in Psychosis: Interdisciplinary Perspectives deepens and extends the understanding of hearing voices in psychosis in a striking way. For the first time, this collection brings multiple disciplinary, clinical, and experiential perspectives to bear on an original and extraordinarily rich body of testimony: transcripts of forty in-depth phenomenological interviews conducted with people who hear voices and who have accessed Early Intervention in Psychosis services. Voice-hearing experiences associated with psychosis are highly varied, frequently distressing, poorly understood, and deeply stigmatized, even within mental health services. Voices in Psychosis responds to the urgent need for new ways of listening to, and making sense of, these experiences. The book addresses the social, clinical, and research contexts in which the interviews took place, thoroughly investigating the embodied, multisensory, affective, linguistic, spatial, and relational qualities of voice-hearing experiences. The nature, politics, and consequences of these analytic endeavours is a focus of critical reflection throughout. This volume presents a collection of essays by members and associates of the Hearing the Voice project that were written in response to the transcripts. Each chapter gives a multifaceted insight into the experiences of voice-hearers in the North East of England and to their wider resonance in contexts ranging from medieval mysticism to Amazonian shamanism, from the nineteenth-century novel to the twenty-first-century survivor movement.

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Powell, Stephanie Day, Amy Beth Jones i Dong Sung Kim. Reading Ruth, Reading Desire. Redaktor Danna Nolan Fewell. Oxford University Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199967728.013.20.

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This chapter offers a critical paradigm for reading Ruth through the lens of “narrative desire.” An interdisciplinary method bringing together insights from narratology, psychoanalytic theory, philosophical studies, and queer theory, narrative desire provides a versatile approach to indeterminate texts, highlighting the erotic interplay between a narrative’s form and content and the reader’s response. By playing on readers’ desires for a fulfilling and resolute climax, Ruth often seduces readers into what Peter Brooks terms “the male plot of ambition.” From this perspective, women and other minority characters are rendered utilitarian disruptions in an otherwise male, Israelite story. An alternative strategy of “reading for the middle” encourages readers to reconsider the temporal and spatial dynamics of the narrative in order to resist restrictive forms of emplotment. As one lingers in the “dilatory” spaces of the middle, hidden desires are exposed and emancipatory possibilities are revealed.

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Blacklock, Mark. A Square. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198755487.003.0004.

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Chapter 3 considers the first English-language higher spatial fiction, Edwin Abbott Abbott’s Flatland (1884). Flatland marks a crucial juncture in the n-dimensional turn, a deceptively complex and playful literary response that inserted the palpably difficult idea of higher-dimensional space into the cultural sphere. This chapter disinters its satirical forebears and works through the criticism of the text in an effort to construct a usable critical paradigm, focusing on pedagogy, rhetoric, imagination, and space. It analyses the play with analogy of Flatland, and how it may consider its own functioning as a model. Considering at some length A Square’s continuation of the text into post-publication correspondence, a meta-textual ploy that works to expand the text dimensionally, constituting new dimensions of reading in other locations, it argues that Flatland is an active participant in modelled higher dimensionality.

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Lilley, Deborah. New British Nature Writing. Oxford University Press, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oxfordhb/9780199935338.013.155.

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This chapter explores the emergence of “new British nature writing” in the twenty-first century and identifies new approaches to its subject and form produced in response to the scale of harm registered by the growing awareness of environmental crisis. It interrogates the notion of “new” nature writing and the ways that it has been received, considering its continuities and breaks with the legacies of the tradition in Britain alongside ecocritical arguments concerning the concept and representation of nature and human–nonhuman relations. The chapter examines defining characteristics of the form— interest in urban, suburban, and industrial landscapes; attention to spatial and temporal intersections of people and place; a re-evaluation of ideas such as “natural” and “wild”; and a critical self-consciousness regarding the representation of nature — in key works by writers including Robert Macfarlane, Kathleen Jamie, Helen Macdonald, Roger Deakin, and Paul Farley and Michael Symmons Roberts.

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