Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Space ships in motion pictures”
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Lee, Dae Yeol, Hyunsuk Ko, Jongho Kim i Alan C. Bovik. "On the space-time statistics of motion pictures". Journal of the Optical Society of America A 38, nr 7 (7.06.2021): 908. http://dx.doi.org/10.1364/josaa.413772.
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Жук, А. С. "Iterative method for ship motion planning in unpredictable navigational environment". MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII)</msg> 1, nr 3(61) (27.08.2023): 179–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2023.61.3.018.
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Рассматривается задача гарантированного предотвращения столкновений судов на неограниченном горизонте планирования в условиях непредсказуемого движения судов-целей. Множества достижимости судов-целей с учетом зоны навигационной безопасности определяют области возможных столкновений. Безопасные управления определяются в пространстве скоростей в виде совокупности векторов скорости управляемого судна. Гарантированное предотвращение всех возможных столкновений достигается выбором управления, ведущего за пределы областей возможных столкновений каждого судна-цели. Информация о движении судов-целей ограничена координатами и курсом в текущий момент времени. Суда-цели движутся непредсказуемым образом, но имеют динамические ограничения. Обеспечение безопасности плавания на неограниченном горизонте планирования в условиях непредсказуемости движения судов-целей является приоритетной задачей управления судном. Предварительный маршрут перехода требует коррекции в зависимости от текущей навигационной обстановки. Предлагаемый итеративный метод планирования движения судна в реальном времени обеспечивает гарантированное предотвращение столкновений и минимизирует отклонения от предварительного маршрута перехода. Ожидаемое движение судна-цели определяется на основе текущих параметров. Множества достижимости судов-целей остаются ограниченными в пространстве скоростей даже при увеличении горизонта планирования до бесконечности. Множества достижимости судов-целей дополняются зоной навигационной безопасности и образуют области возможных столкновений. Управления, приводящие вектор скорости управляемого судна за пределы области возможных столкновений в пространстве скоростей, гарантированно предотвращают столкновения даже в условиях непредсказуемости движения судов-целей. Гарантированно безопасные состояния управляемого судна зависят от множеств достижимости судов-целей. Выполненные исследования способствуют совершенствованию перспективных для практического применения в современных навигационных комплексах методов управления судном. The problem of guaranteed prevention of ship collisions on an unlimited planning horizon under conditions of unpredictable motion of target ships is considered. The reachable sets of target ships, taking into account the navigational safety zone, determine the areas of possible collisions. Safe controls are defined in the speed space as a set of speed vectors of the controlled vessel. Guaranteed avoidance of all possible collisions is achieved by choosing a control that leads outside the areas of possible collisions of each target ship. Information about the movement of target ships is limited to the coordinates and course at the current time. Target ships move in unpredictable ways, but have dynamic limitations. Ensuring the safety of navigation on an unlimited planning horizon in the conditions of unpredictable movement of target ships is a priority task of ship handling. The preliminary passage route requires correction depending on the current navigation situation. The proposed iterative real-time ship motion planning method provides guaranteed collision avoidance and minimizes deviations from the preliminary passage route. The expected motion of the target vessel is determined based on the current parameters. The reachable sets of target ships remain bounded in speed space even as the planning horizon increases to infinity. The reachable sets of target ships are supplemented by a navigational safety zone and form areas of possible collisions. Controls that bring the speed vector of the controlled vessel beyond the limits of the area of possible collisions in the speed space are guaranteed to prevent collisions even in conditions of unpredictable motion of target ships. The guaranteed safe states of the controlled ship depend on the reachable sets of the target ships. The performed research contributes to the improvement of ship control methods that are promising for practical use in modern navigation systems.
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Hatzakis, Iason, i Paul D. Sclavounos. "Active Motion Control of High-Speed Hydrofoil Vessels by State-Space Methods". Journal of Ship Research 50, nr 01 (1.03.2006): 49–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.2006.50.1.49.
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Hydrofoil ships cruising at high speeds often operate in rough weather conditions and hence experience uncomfortable or even unsafe motions without the use of some form of motion control. The research described here concerns an active motion control mechanism for high-speed hydrofoil vessels, aiming at the significant reduction of the vessel motions in regular and random waves. The seakeeping equations of motion are cast into a linear state-space form leading to a linear-quadratic optimal controller shown to attenuate the vessel motion responses significantly. The deterministic control laws designed in the present study are found to perform satisfactorily both in monochromatic and random waves for high-speed vessels supported by hydrofoils and buoyancy.
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Jiang, Changben, Armin W. Troesch i Steven W. Shaw. "Highly Nonlinear Rolling Motion of Biased Ships in Random Beam Seas". Journal of Ship Research 40, nr 02 (1.06.1996): 125–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.5957/jsr.1996.40.2.125.
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Recent developments in dynamical systems analysis are applied and extended to the study of highly nonlinear ship rolling motion and capsizing in random beam seas. Damping and wave excitation moments are dealt with as perturbations since they are relatively small compared with inertial effects and hydrostatic righting moments. There is no restriction on the restoring moment due to hydrostatic loads, and bias effects are included. Safe and unsafe areas are defined in the phase plane of the unperturbed system model to distinguish the qualitatively different ship motions of capsize and noncapsize. Capsize events are represented by solutions passing out of the safe region. The probability of such an occurrence is studied using the Melnikov function and the concept of phaseflux rates. Expressions for the phase space flux rate are derived and evaluated by numerical integration. The correlation of phase space flux and capsize is investigated through extensive simulation. It is shown that these analytical tools provide reliable, predictive information regarding the likelihood of a vessel capsize in a given sea state.
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Scharf, David, Jacob Wilbrink i John A. Hunt. "SEM Stop-Frame, Color, 3D Animation for Motion Pictures". Microscopy and Microanalysis 4, S2 (lipiec 1998): 16–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1431927600020201.
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A stop-frame animation system has been developed for producing high-resolution, color and stereo motion picture animation sequences. The first of these sequences can be seen in the recently released IMAX 3D movies, “Four Million House Guests” a.k.a. “The Hidden Dimension”. IMAX movies have long been known for their breathtaking special effects that seem incredibly realistic because of the large projection screen (about 7 stories high) which is close to the entire audience, high resolution, and powerful audio effects. IMAX 3D is an extention to the traditional format that allows the audience to see three dimensional special effects with the aid of electronically shuttered viewing glasses. IMAX movies are an ideal medium to demonstrate the high resolution digital images that are possible with the SEM.The goal of the SEM movie project was to produce movie sequences where viewers feels like they are flying smoothly through micro-space past microscopic creatures and objects in three dimensions and in color.
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Filippo, Biondi. "COSMO-SkyMed Staring Spotlight SAR Data for Micro-Motion and Inclination Angle Estimation of Ships by Pixel Tracking and Convex Optimization". Remote Sensing 11, nr 7 (29.03.2019): 766. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs11070766.
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In past research, the problem of maritime targets detection and motion parameter estimation has been tackled. This new research aims to contribute by estimating the micro-motion of ships while they are anchored in port or stationed at the roadstead for logistic operations. The problem of motion detection of targets is solved using along-track interferometry (ATI) which is observed using two radars spatially distanced by a baseline extended in the azimuth direction. In the case of spaceborne missions, the performing of ATI requests using at least two real-time SAR observations spatially distanced by an along-track baseline. For spotlight spaceborne SAR re-synthesizing two ATI observations from one raw data is a problem because the received electromagnetic bursts are not oversampled for onboard memory space saving and data appears like a white random process. This problem makes appearing interlaced Doppler bands completely disjointed. This phenomenon, after the range-Doppler focusing process, causes decorrelation when considering the ATI interferometric phase information retransmitted by distributed targets. Only small and very coherent targets located within the same radar resolution cell are considered. This paper is proposing a new approach where the micro-motion estimation of ships, occupying thousands of pixels, is measured processing the information given by sub-pixel tracking generated during the coregistration process of two re-synthesized time-domain and partially overlapped sub-apertures generated splitting the raw data observed by a single wide Doppler band staring spotlight (ST) SAR map. The inclination of ships is calculated by low-rank plus sparse decomposition and Radon transform of some region of interest. Experiments are performed processing one set of COSMO-SkyMed ST SAR data.
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Kaczmarek, Jerzy. "Visual sociological research using film and video, on the example of urban studies". Acta Universitatis Lodziensis. Folia Sociologica, nr 73 (30.06.2020): 5–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.18778/0208-600x.73.01.
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The use of film and video in sociological research, or social sciences in general, has a long and well-established tradition. Motion pictures have, on the one hand, been the object of analysis, as in the case of sociology of film, and, on the other, they have been used as a research tool. Moreover, films can be scientific statements in their own right, as is the case with sociological film.
The use of visual methods based on both still and moving pictures works very well for exploring the physical and social space of the city. The article looks at ways of using films and the actual process of obtaining film data in sociological research. Works featuring urban themes will be considered as special cases to illustrate the author’s reflections. It is noteworthy that early cinema already showed urban space, as exemplified in the films by the Lumière brothers who, incidentally, treated their motion pictures primarily as a scientific tool.
City-related topics appear in research by film sociologists who analysed films featuring urban themes, among other things. Later, sociologists themselves began to use cameras in their studies and teaching. One way of using a camera for these purposes is simply to record observations of certain places and people’s behaviour. These video recordings are subsequently analysed, applying various methods developed in the field of sociology and other sciences. Another technique, well-suited for exploring urban space, is a mobile camera, used for example for video tours, as introduced by Sarah Pink. And, finally, sociological film focusing on the city plays a vital role in social research.
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Herowati, Herowati, Agung Pambudi i Nurbayti Nurbayti. "Metode Pembelajaran Sistem Pakar Diagnosa Penyakit Ikan Hias Air Tawar Pada SMK Negeri 2 Tangerang". CICES 3, nr 1 (28.02.2017): 48–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.33050/cices.v3i1.422.
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The year 1830, munculah called zoetrope, cylindrical object with empty spaces with pictures drawn by hand on the surface of it. While playing, the same motion effect. The year 1870, an inventor from France, Emile Reynaud added a mirror in the middle of the cylinder space. A few years later, he discovered the version of Windows will arise. By adding light reflector and lenses to magnify images on the screen. The year 1892, he did a demonstration in Paris's Theatre Optique, with hundreds of images using the hands to cause the effect of motion pictures for 15 minutes. Rouben Mamoulian, an American film director born in 1929 demonstrated various types of sound in a movie. This is then pushed the filmmaker makes the soft-spoken. The first film camera that uses a color separation. Technicolor Camera that was discovered in 1932 using the principle of "Three-strip" that divides the image into the three primary colors red, yellow, blue (cyan, magenta, yellow). This camera into movie production tool fullcolor using the principle of the "three-strip"
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Dong, Xiang, Zhigang Yuan, Fang Sun, Qinglin Zhu, Mingchen Sun i Pengfei Zhu. "Comparison of Simulated and Measured Power of the Earth-Space Link for Satellite-Based AIS Signals". Sensors 23, nr 15 (27.07.2023): 6740. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23156740.
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This research aims to analyze the impact of the Earth-Space link on the Automatic Identification System (AIS) signals of ships. To achieve this, we established a simulation system that measures the receiving power of AIS signals via satellite platforms. We validated the system by utilizing observation data from Tiantuo-5. Through this simulation, we quantitatively analyzed the effects of ionospheric TEC (Total Electron Content) and space loss on the received power. During the processing of observation data, we construct a geometric propagation model utilizing the measured positions of both the satellite and the ship. We then calculate the antenna gain and remove any system errors. Additionally, we eliminate the deviation of elevation and azimuth angles caused by satellite motion. This allows us to determine the actual power of different ships reaching the receiving platform. Upon comparing the measured power data with the simulated power, it was noted that both exhibited an increasing trend as the elevation angle increased. This led to an RMSE (Root Mean Square Error) result of approximately one, indicating the accuracy of the simulation system. These findings hold significant implications for analyzing interference factors in satellite-ground links.
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Chamier-Waite, Clea von. "Somatic Montage for Immersive Cinema". Cultural Science Journal 13, nr 1 (1.12.2021): 113–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/csj-2021-0009.
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Abstract The formal, cinematic language specific to immersive motion pictures is an area of cinema theory that has been neglected up until now. This paper investigates a new language of cinematic montage specific to immersive cinema, somatic montage, while it examines historical precedents in the sciences, arts, and cinema of the twentieth century. We propose somatic montage as a model for developing new poetic structures in time-based works that inhabit a three-dimensional, architectonic space – a space of embodiment, motion, perception, and participation in the reception of a work of art. In this paper, we consider cinema as a four-dimensional artwork conceptually engendered by the principles of hyper-dimensions, the outgrowth of scientific discoveries made at the turn of the twentieth century. The expanded cinema mediums of fulldome cinema, immersive video and film installation, virtual reality, and extended reality, when approached as four-dimensional cinema space, allow for a spatialized, non-linear juxtaposition of the cinematic elements. Somatic montage is presented here as an extended, supra-dimensional notion of what Sergei Eisenstein called the ‘disjunctive method of narration’.
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Alonso Alonso, Rosa. "Boundary-crossing events across languages". Review of Cognitive Linguistics 18, nr 2 (4.12.2020): 316–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rcl.00062.alo.
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Abstract This study analyses how speakers of two typologically distinct first languages (English (N = 12) and Spanish (N = 16)) and a group of 19 Spanish second language learners of English express boundary-crossing events, what type of verb they use, and how they segment these motion events. The stimuli used were 12 pictures of boundary-crossing events indicating motion into, out of and over a bounded space. In task 1 participants described each of the 12 scenes freely and in task 2 they were provided with a specific Manner verb between brackets. Significant differences were found in boundary-crossing and event segmentation in both L1 and L2. Participants also differed significantly in the type of verb used in the two tasks.
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Mitroiu, Simona. "Challenging the Roma Structural Discrimination: Deterritorialization Practices in Romanian Cinema". Metacritic Journal for Comparative Studies and Theory 7, nr 2 (17.12.2021): 46–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/mjcst.2021.12.03.
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This paper examines the cinematographic reworking of memory spaces associated with power relations and structural injustice. The way in which space is represented and used as a medium that reflects power relations allows to question the space itself in cultural productions from Central-Eastern Europe when associated with Romani people (space and power relations, memory of slavery and discrimination, space and freedom, territoriality, space and its inhabitants, non-belonging, segregation, etc.). The paper focuses on motion pictures produced in the last decade in Romania, a prolific period due to the increasing interest for memory activism and to the multiplication of the cultural exploration of challenging topics. It aims to identify narrative, visual, and aesthetic expressions used as deterritorialization practices to stimulate relational remembrance and engagement with ongoing social inequality and structural injustice. Two short films – Alina Șerban’ s Bilet de iertare (Letter of forgiveness) and Adrian Silișteanu’s Scris/Nescris (Written/Unwritten) – and a western type film – Radu Jude’s Aferim!, winner of the Silver Bear for Best director at Berlinale in 2015, are analysed here.
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Bu, Dongdong, Shuxiang Guo i He Li. "sEMG-Based Motion Recognition of Upper Limb Rehabilitation Using the Improved Yolo-v4 Algorithm". Life 12, nr 1 (3.01.2022): 64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/life12010064.
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The surface electromyography (sEMG) signal is widely used as a control source of the upper limb exoskeleton rehabilitation robot. However, the traditional way of controlling the exoskeleton robot by the sEMG signal requires one to specially extract and calculate for complex sEMG features. Moreover, due to the huge amount of calculation and individualized difference, the real-time control of the exoskeleton robot cannot be realized. Therefore, this paper proposes a novel method using an improved detection algorithm to recognize limb joint motion and detect joint angle based on sEMG images, aiming to obtain a high-security and fast-processing action recognition strategy. In this paper, MobileNetV2 combined the Ghost module as the feature extraction network to obtain the pretraining model. Then, the target detection network Yolo-V4 was used to estimate the six movement categories of the upper limb joints and to predict the joint movement angles. The experimental results showed that the proposed motion recognition methods were available. Every 100 pictures can be accurately identified in approximately 78 pictures, and the processing speed of every single picture on the PC side was 17.97 ms. For the train data, the mAP@0.5 could reach 82.3%, and mAP@0.5–0.95 could reach 0.42; for the verification data, the average recognition accuracy could reach 80.7%.
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Alonso, Rosa Alonso. "Cross-linguistic influence in the interpretation of boundary crossing events in L2 acquisition". Review of Cognitive Linguistics 14, nr 1 (27.06.2016): 161–82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/rcl.14.1.07alo.
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This paper analyses the interpretation of boundary-crossing events in second language acquisition (SLA) to determine whether L2 learners are able to select the target-like option for the interpretation of motion events or whether, on the contrary, their choice reflects cross-linguistic influence (CLI) of their L1. The two groups participating in the study – thirty Spanish learners of L2 English and sixteen English first language (L1) speakers – were subjected to an experiment involving an interpretation task with L2 boundary-crossing events pictures. Findings indicate that Spanish L2 learners selected three possible constructions (manner verb + path satellite, path in verb + manner in satellite and a combination of both) in clear contrast to English L1 speakers who only selected one construction (manner verb + path satellite). CLI has also been found to regulate the type of boundary-crossing event selected, primarily in cases of motion INTO a bounded space in the horizontal axis.
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De Bernardo, Maddalena, Gennarfrancesco Iaccarino, Valeria Russo i Nicola Rosa. "Echographic Evaluation of a Subconjunctival Cystic Lesion". Case Reports in Ophthalmological Medicine 2017 (2017): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/5401850.
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Migration of intraocular silicone oil, used in the treatment of complicated retinal detachment, has been rarely described, but when it happens it can arise with a differential diagnosis with scleral buckling extrusion, tumor, dermoid, ocular cysticercosis, and abscess. The presence of silicone oil in the eye gives very ugly echographic pictures, but these kinds of pictures can be very useful in making a differential diagnosis in the above-mentioned cases. A 39-year-old white female complained of the presence of conjunctival hyperemia and tearing in the right eye (RE); her visual acuity was hand motion, and the intraocular pressure was 14 mmHg. In the upper nasal quadrant a dome shaped lesion was detected. Due to the lens opacities, the patient underwent an echographic examination, which revealed the presence of silicon oil both in the vitreous chamber and in a large subconjunctival space, corresponding to the lesion. This article in addition provides a possible explanation of such cystic formation and discusses the risk factors and the role of the echographic examination in such cases.
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Murugan, R. "An Automatic Detection of Hemorrhages in Retinal Fundus Images by Motion Pattern Generation". Biomedical & Pharmacology Journal 12, nr 3 (17.09.2019): 1433–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.13005/bpj/1772.
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Programmed retinal picture investigation is a significant screening device for simple identification of eye infections like diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma. Hemorrhage (HE) identification is one of the significant strides in programmed extraction in Diabetic Retinopathy (DR) ailment. The manual strategy evaluated by clinicians is a tedious and asset concentrated procedure. Programmed retinal picture examination gives a prompt recognition and portrayal of retinal highlights preceding a pro investigation. Current HE detection techniques suffer from impractically-high computation time. In this research work, presented a technique to automatically detect HE. This paper proposes an efficient motion pattern generation algorithm to detect HE. The novelty of this method is to reduce the dimensional space based on image resolutions thus, enhances to speedup of the HE detection. The proposed strategy was executed in MATLAB and assessed both ordinary and unusual retinal pictures utilizing openly accessible MESSIDOR dataset. The proposed strategy accomplished better execution estimates when contrast with other cutting edge strategies. This automated method helps ophthalmologists in the screening process of DR.
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Kable, Joseph W., Jessica Lease-Spellmeyer i Anjan Chatterjee. "Neural Substrates of Action Event Knowledge". Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience 14, nr 5 (1.07.2002): 795–805. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/08989290260138681.
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Human concepts can be roughly divided into entities (prototypically referred to in language by nouns) and events (prototypically referred to in language by verbs). While much work in cognitive neuroscience has investigated how the brain represents different categories of entities, less attention has been given to the more basic distinction between entities and events. We used functional magnetic resonance imaging to examine brain activity while subjects performed a conceptual matching task that required them to access knowledge of objects and actions, using either pictures or words. Since action events involve movement through space, we hypothesized that accessing knowledge of actions would cause greater activation in brain regions involved in motion or spatial processing. In comparison to objects, accessing knowledge of actions through pictures was accompanied by increased activity bilaterally in the human MT/MST and nearby regions of the lateral temporal cortex. Accessing knowledge of actions through words activated areas just anterior and dorsal to area MT/MST on the left, within the posterior aspect of the middle and superior temporal gyri. We propose that the lateral occipital temporal cortex contains a mosaic of neural regions that processes different kinds of motion, ranging from the perception of objects moving in the world to the conception of movement implied in action verbs. The lateral occipital temporal cortex mediates the perceptual and conceptual features of action events, similar to the way that the ventral occipital temporal cortex processes the perceptual and conceptual features of entities.
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Farantos, Stavros C. "Hamiltonian Computational Chemistry: Geometrical Structures in Chemical Dynamics and Kinetics". Entropy 26, nr 5 (30.04.2024): 399. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/e26050399.
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The common geometrical (symplectic) structures of classical mechanics, quantum mechanics, and classical thermodynamics are unveiled with three pictures. These cardinal theories, mainly at the non-relativistic approximation, are the cornerstones for studying chemical dynamics and chemical kinetics. Working in extended phase spaces, we show that the physical states of integrable dynamical systems are depicted by Lagrangian submanifolds embedded in phase space. Observable quantities are calculated by properly transforming the extended phase space onto a reduced space, and trajectories are integrated by solving Hamilton’s equations of motion. After defining a Riemannian metric, we can also estimate the length between two states. Local constants of motion are investigated by integrating Jacobi fields and solving the variational linear equations. Diagonalizing the symplectic fundamental matrix, eigenvalues equal to one reveal the number of constants of motion. For conservative systems, geometrical quantum mechanics has proved that solving the Schrödinger equation in extended Hilbert space, which incorporates the quantum phase, is equivalent to solving Hamilton’s equations in the projective Hilbert space. In classical thermodynamics, we take entropy and energy as canonical variables to construct the extended phase space and to represent the Lagrangian submanifold. Hamilton’s and variational equations are written and solved in the same fashion as in classical mechanics. Solvers based on high-order finite differences for numerically solving Hamilton’s, variational, and Schrödinger equations are described. Employing the Hénon–Heiles two-dimensional nonlinear model, representative results for time-dependent, quantum, and dissipative macroscopic systems are shown to illustrate concepts and methods. High-order finite-difference algorithms, despite their accuracy in low-dimensional systems, require substantial computer resources when they are applied to systems with many degrees of freedom, such as polyatomic molecules. We discuss recent research progress in employing Hamiltonian neural networks for solving Hamilton’s equations. It turns out that Hamiltonian geometry, shared with all physical theories, yields the necessary and sufficient conditions for the mutual assistance of humans and machines in deep-learning processes.
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Abramova, K. V. "“Reviving Pictures” in “The Adolescence of Luvers” by B. Pasternak". Studies in Theory of Literary Plot and Narratology 15, nr 2 (2020): 472–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.25205/2410-7883-2020-2-472-489.
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We consider the features of the images’ construction in the story “The Adolescence of Luvers” by Boris Pasternak. In this regard, we turn to the analysis of individual episodes in the story, which, in our opinion, become key for revealing the theme of the main character’s growing up. The narrative itself in the poet’s prose texts is constructed in such a way that all its components are endowed with special internal dynamics, owing to which the images lose their outlines, transform, receive additional, not always decipherable meanings. We dwell on three points in detail: the collision of Zhenya Luvers with Motovilikha – the moment of the end of her infancy – and the two meetings of the heroine with Tsvetkov, an “stranger” whose figure influences Zhenya’s consciousness, her transition to growing up. In the episodes under consideration, there is a hint of an “ecphrastic mark”: the images and objects in the story seem to add up to a kind of description of the picture, although there are no direct references to pictorial or sculptural images in the story. We analyze how the similarities of the ecphrase appear in Pasternak’s text and how they transform the space of the story. The pictures appearing in the story are often enclosed in a kind of frame (visual or symbolic, for example, acoustical), they freeze for a moment, but then come back into motion. The objects that appear in these descriptions and the boundaries between them become unsteady, everything in the space of the text oscillates between static and dynamic. We dwell in detail on the analysis of images and motives that accompany the turning points for the heroine of the transition from infancy to childhood, and then to adulthood, and we come to the conclusion that they are filled with pictorial allusions, all objects are in a complex relationship: objects lose their outlines and endow internal dynamics – paintings “come to life”. Thus, we can speak of an “ecphrasis mark” that supports the internal dynamics of the text of the story “The Adolescence of Luvers”, and “reviving pictures” become an important element of the artistic world of the story by Boris Pasternak.
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Salnikov, Nikolay, Serhiy Melnychuk i Vyacheslav Gubarev. "Ellipsoidal estimation of parameters of rotational and translational motion of a non-cooperative space vehicle from visual information". International Scientific Technical Journal "Problems of Control and Informatics" 68, nr 6 (20.11.2023): 35–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.34229/1028-0979-2023-6-3.
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The use of near-Earth space is currently complicated by the presence of space debris objects in Earthʼs orbit, which include spent stages of launch vehicles, inoperative spacecraft, and other large and small objects associated with human activity in space. One of the elements of solving the problem of space debris is the docking and capture of an uncontrolled non-cooperative space object or spacecraft by a so-called on-orbit servicing spacecraft to carry out further actions to repair it, refuel or change its orbit. The situation is complicated by the fact that, under the influence of various factors, uncontrolled space objects are in a state of rotation. The parameters of the orbital motion of such objects are known quite accurately from measurements from the Earth. To carry out safe approach and docking, knowledge of the parameters of rotational motion, as well as the parameters of relative motion, is also required. The most general case of motion of a non-cooperative tumbling spacecraft located in an elliptical orbit is considered. It is assumed that the three-dimensional graphic model of such spacecraft is known. The servicing spacecraft (SSC) is equipped with a mono camera that takes pictures of the non-cooperative spacecraft (NSC). Based on a comparison of the characteristic features of photographs and images obtained using the graphical model, the computer vision system (CVS) determines the distance vector to the so-called graphical coordinate system, rigidly fixed on the NSC and the quaternion of its relative attitude. The specific type of CVS is not considered. It is assumed that the SSC carries out some maneuvers near the satellite. All parameters of the SSC angular motion are assumed to be known. This work considers the most general case of the relative motion of SSC and NSC. Using quaternion calculus, all basic kinematic and dynamic equations are obtained. The measured parameters are not enough to ensure safe rendezvous and docking with the NSC. The stochastic characteristics of errors of the CVS measurement are not assumed to be known and, accordingly, are not used. Only their maximum values are specified for them. We consider the use of new dynamic set-membership filter using ellipsoids to solve the problem of determining the parameters of the relative motion of the NSC which is in free uncontrolled motion. The filter can be implemented under conditions of the limited computational capability available on onboard processors. The relative motion parameters include the distance vector between the centers of mass (c.m.) of the NSC and the SSC, the relative velocity vector, the quaternion of the orientation of the main axes of inertia of the satellite relative to the inertial coordinate system, the ratio of the moments of inertia of the satellite, the vector of the position of the NSC c.m. in the graphical coordinate system. The properties of the proposed algorithm are demonstrated using numerical simulation. The results obtained are expected to be used in the development, creation and testing of a navigation system for the rendezvous and docking of the SSC, developed by a group of Ukrainian space industry enterprises under the leadership of the LLC «Kurs-orbital» (https://kursorbital.com/).
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Gorchakov, S. Yu. "Mathematical modeling of velocity and accelerations fields of image motion in the optical equipment of the Earth remote sensing satellite". Russian Technological Journal 11, nr 6 (14.12.2023): 47–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.32362/2500-316x-2023-11-6-47-56.
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Objectives. The paper considers a satellite with an optoelectronic payload designed to take pictures of the Earth’s surface. The work sets out to develop a mathematical model for determining the dependencies between the state vector of the satellite, the state vector of the point being imaged on the Earth’s surface, and the distribution fields of the velocity vectors and accelerations of the motion of the image along the focal plane of the optoelectronic payload.Methods. The method is based on double differentiation of the photogrammetry equation when applied to a survey of the Earth’s surface from space. For modeling the orbital and angular motion of the satellite, differential equations with numerical integration were used. The motion parameters of the Earth’s surface were calculated based on the Standards of Fundamental Astronomy software library.Results. Differential equations of motion of the image were obtained. Verification of the developed mathematical model was carried out. The motion of the considered satellite was simulated in orbital orientation mode using an image velocity compensation model. The distribution fields of velocity vectors and accelerations of motion of the image of the Earth’s surface were constructed. The residual motion of the field of image following compensation was investigated.Conclusions. The proposed mathematical model can be used both with an optoelectronic payload when modeling shooting modes and estimating image displacements at the design stage of a satellite, as well as at the satellite operation stage when incorporating the presented model in the onboard satellite software. The presented dependencies can also be used to construct an image transformation matrix, both when restoring an image and when obtaining a super-resolution.
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Volkov, A. N., A. I. Burmaka i R. O. Kubitsky. "EPENDENCE OF PARAMETERS OF VIRTUAL REGION FROM SUBSTANTIAL FACTORS". Shipping & Navigation 30, nr 1 (1.12.2020): 51–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.31653/2306-5761.30.2020.51-57.
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In the article is specified, that marine ships considerable part of the operating time work in the straitened districts, in which the width of free passage-way for vessels is limited in the navigation relation by dangers, or intensive navigation. It is marked that in the case of dangerous rapprochement of vessels in the straitened waters at the choice of maneuver of divergence by an operating ship besides a dangerous target it is necessary to take into account preventing ships and navigation dangers in the district of maneuvering, and the existent methods of simultaneous account of dangerous aims and navigation dangers carry analytical character and are bulky and ineffective. The necessity of development of operative and evident methods of warning of collisions of vessels at sailing in the straitened waters is caused to these. The analysis of the last achievements and publications is resulted in work, the decision of the considered problem and selection of parts unsolved before is begun in which. It is shown that binary coordination is the basic method of description of cooperation of pair of the dangerously drawn together vessels, urgent strategies of divergence are considered, the structure of which depends on the conduct of target in the process of divergence, the analysis of procedures of account of navigation dangers is also produced by an analytical method for different types of navigation dangers. Procedure of transformation of the ship safe region set in space of relative motion is offered, in space of veritable motion, a virtual region is formed as a result. It is indicated, that basic properties of virtual regions are: rapprochements of ship with a target dangerous, when the current area of programmatic trajectory of motion of ship gets in the virtual region of target; distance of the shortest rapprochement of ship with a dangerous target will be equal to the set minimum-possible distance of rapprochement, if direction of current area of programmatic trajectory of motion of ship is tangent to the border of virtual region; equality of distance of the shortest rapprochement of ship with a target and set minimum-possible distance of rapprochement is saved at the following of ship on a virtual region tangent to the border to the moment of the shortest rapprochement. It is shown in the publication, that by the computer program dependences of position and form of virtual region on the relation of speeds of ship and target were explored, from distance between a ship and target, and also from bearing on a target. It is shown that depending on distance between a ship and target at the unchanging bearing a virtual region occupies unchanging position in relation to the line of programmatic way of ship, and position and sizes of virtual region depend on bearing on a target.
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Quattrini, A., A. Mascheroni, A. Vandone, M. Coluzzi, A. Barazzetti, F. Cecconi i T. Leidi. "Real Estate Advisory Drone (READ): system for autonomous indoor space appraisals, based on Deep Learning and Visual Inertial Odometry". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1226, nr 1 (1.02.2022): 012112. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1226/1/012112.
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Abstract The present paper describes the development of a mobile platform as a support of the real estate appraisal procedure. Currently, the estate evaluation is performed by an expert that manually collects data, performs measurements, and grabs pictures of the inspected unit to finally evaluate its commercial value. The READ project aims at automatizing this process by developing a solution based on a mobile unit (drone or tablet) able to navigate the indoor environment and record data, which will be later processed on the cloud. To accomplish all these tasks, the platform is equipped with cameras, a LiDAR sensor, and a data process unit, with the goal of 1) understanding its motion and localization; 2) reconstructing a 3D map of the inspected space; 3) performing image-based analyses applying AI algorithms enabling the identification of the indoor space (e.g. bedroom or kitchen), the counting and the classification of furniture objects, and the detection of building imperfections or frauds. Tests have been performed in different scenarios providing promising results, laying the foundations for bringing these technologies into a real operational context.
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Артемьев, А. В., В. М. Гриняк, А. С. Девятисильный, Д. О. Дудко i М. Д. Сазонтова. "Ships route planning based on multidimensional clustering of traffic data". MORSKIE INTELLEKTUAL`NYE TEHNOLOGII)</msg> 1, nr 2(64) (25.05.2024): 270–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.37220/mit.2024.64.2.030.
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Статья посвящена проблеме обеспечения безопасности движения судов на морских акваториях. В условиях насыщенного трафика навигационная безопасность может быть обеспечена только при соблюдении судами определённой схемы движения. В работе ставится задача планирования маршрута судна на акватории с интенсивным движением таким образом, чтобы он соответствовал практике судоходства, сложившейся в конкретном районе. В том случае, если правила и ограничения движения существуют неформально, перспективным путём планирования маршрута является обращение к ретроспективным данным о движении с использованием идей машинного обучения. Предлагаемый в работе метод планирования маршрутов основан на кластеризации данных о движении судов. Выделенные кластеры представляют собой области в трёх- или четырёхмерном фазовом пространстве с близкими значениями скоростей и курсов судов. На основе полученной таким образом информации формируется граф возможных маршрутов судна, вершины которого соответствуют границам выделенных кластеров и областям их пересечения, а ребра – выделенным характерным курсам судов. Каждая точка в многомерном фазовом пространстве характеризуется координатами, курсом и скоростью судна, вводится метрика расстояния между точками, для кластеризации данных о движении используется плотностный алгоритм пространственной кластеризации (DBSCAN). Обсуждается вычислительная сложность рассматриваемой задачи в условиях реальных акваторий, делается вывод о возможности конструктивного решения задачи стандартными вычислительными средствами. Приводится пример решения задачи на реальных данных о движении судов в Сангарском проливе, который свидетельствует о пригодности использования разработанных алгорит-мов в практике судовождения. The paper is devoted to the problem of ensuring the safety of vessel traffic in marine areas. In conditions of heavy traf-fic, navigational safety can be ensured only if ships adhere to a certain traffic pattern. The work sets the task of planning a vessel's route in water areas with intense traffic in such a way that it corresponds to the shipping practice that has de-veloped in a particular area. In the event that traffic rules and restrictions exist informally, a promising way to plan a route is to use historical traffic data using machine learning ideas. The route planning method proposed in this work is based on clustering data on vessel movement. The selected clusters represent areas in three- or four-dimensional phase space with similar speeds and courses of ships. Based on the information obtained in this way, a graph of possi-ble vessel routes is formed, the vertices of which correspond to the boundaries of the selected clusters and the areas of their intersection, and the edges correspond to the selected characteristic courses of the vessels. Each point in the mul-tidimensional phase space is characterized by the coordinates, course and speed of the vessel, a distance metric be-tween points is introduced, and a density spatial clustering algorithm (DBSCAN) is used to cluster motion data. The computational complexity of the problem under consideration in the conditions of real water areas is discussed, and a conclusion is drawn about the possibility of a constructive solution to the problem using standard computing tools. An example of solving the problem using real data on the movement of ships in the Tsugaru Strait is given, which indicates the suitability of using the developed algorithms in navigation practice.
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Song, Lifei, Houjing Chen, Wenhao Xiong, Zaopeng Dong, Puxiu Mao, Zuquan Xiang i Kai Hu. "Method of Emergency Collision Avoidance for Unmanned Surface Vehicle (USV) Based on Motion Ability Database". Polish Maritime Research 26, nr 2 (1.06.2019): 55–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/pomr-2019-0025.
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Abstract The unmanned surface vehicles (USV) are required to perform a dynamic obstacle avoidance during fulfilling a task. This is essential for USV safety in case of an emergency and such action has been proved to be difficult. However, little research has been done in this area. This study proposes an emergency collision avoidance algorithm for unmanned surface vehicles (USVs) based on a motion ability database. The algorithm is aimed to address the inconsistency of the existing algorithm. It is proposed to avoid collision in emergency situations by sharp turning and treating the collision avoidance process as a part of the turning movement of USV. In addition, the rolling safety and effect of speed reduction during the collision avoidance process are considered. First, a USV motion ability database is established by numerical simulation. The database includes maximum rolling angle, velocity vector, position scalar, and steering time data during the turning process. In emergency collision avoidance planning, the expected steering angle is obtained based on the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), and the solution space, with initial velocity and rudder angle taken as independent variables, is determined by combining the steering time and rolling angle data. On the basis of this solution space, the objective function is solved by the particle swarm optimization (PSO) algorithm, and the optimal initial velocity and rudder angle are obtained. The position data corresponding to this solution is the emergency collision avoidance trajectory. Then, the collision avoidance parameters were calculated based on the afore mentioned model of motion. With the use of MATLAB and Unity software, a semi-physical simulation platform was established to perform the avoidance simulation experiment under emergency situation. Results show the validity of the algorithm. Hence results of this research can be useful for performing intelligent collision avoidance operations of USV and other autonomous ships
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Zhuang, Hongchao, Yilu Xia, Ning Wang i Lei Dong. "High Inclusiveness and Accuracy Motion Blur Real-Time Gesture Recognition Based on YOLOv4 Model Combined Attention Mechanism and DeblurGanv2". Applied Sciences 11, nr 21 (25.10.2021): 9982. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app11219982.
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The combination of gesture recognition and aerospace exploration robots can realize the efficient non-contact control of the robots. In the harsh aerospace environment, the captured gesture images are usually blurred and damaged inevitably. The motion blurred images not only cause part of the transmitted information to be lost, but also affect the effect of neural network training in the later stage. To improve the speed and accuracy of motion blurred gestures recognition, the algorithm of YOLOv4 (You Only Look Once, vision 4) is studied from the two aspects of motion blurred image processing and model optimization. The DeblurGanv2 is employed to remove the motion blur of the gestures in YOLOv4 network input pictures. In terms of model structure, the K-means++ algorithm is used to cluster the priori boxes for obtaining the more appropriate size parameters of the priori boxes. The CBAM attention mechanism and SPP (spatial pyramid pooling layer) structure are added to YOLOv4 model to improve the efficiency of network learning. The dataset for network training is designed for the human–computer interaction in the aerospace space. To reduce the redundant features of the captured images and enhance the effect of model training, the Wiener filter and bilateral filter are superimposed on the blurred images in the dataset to simply remove the motion blur. The augmentation of the model is executed by imitating different environments. A YOLOv4-gesture model is built, which collaborates with K-means++ algorithm, the CBAM and SPP mechanism. A DeblurGanv2 model is built to process the input images of the YOLOv4 target recognition. The YOLOv4-motion-blur-gesture model is composed of the YOLOv4-gesture and the DeblurGanv2. The augmented and enhanced gesture data set is used to simulate the model training. The experimental results demonstrate that the YOLOv4-motion-blur-gesture model has relatively better performance. The proposed model has the high inclusiveness and accuracy recognition effect in the real-time interaction of motion blur gestures, it improves the network training speed by 30%, the target detection accuracy by 10%, and the value of mAP by about 10%. The constructed YOLOv4-motion-blur-gesture model has a stable performance. It can not only meet the real-time human–computer interaction in aerospace space under real-time complex conditions, but also can be applied to other application environments under complex backgrounds requiring real-time detection.
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Jarenski, Shelly. "Playing Dead: Eadweard Muybridge’s Residential Photo Albums and Spiritualist Aesthetics". Nineteenth Century Studies 35 (listopad 2023): 54–74. http://dx.doi.org/10.5325/ninecentstud.35.0054.
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Abstract Eadweard Muybridge, whose studies of animals in motion precipitated the first motion pictures, has been associated with positivism, modernism, and masculinity. Late nineteenth-century spiritualism has been associated with mysticism, Victorianism, and femininity. These associations make the Kate and Robert Johnson Residential Photo Album, photographed by Muybridge, a compelling artifact. The album is an anomaly in both Muybridge’s career and within spiritualism. Along with preserving images of the Johnsons’ domestic space, it also features astonishing images that are the only known examples of spirit photography by Muybridge. Because the couple was alive and took turns posing as the spirits, these photographs are an anomaly within spiritualism as well since spirit photographs generally constituted proof of contact with the netherworld. As such, the artifact helps us reevaluate the relationship between nineteenth-century positivism and spiritualism and consider the aesthetic influence of the sitter Kate Johnson on the album’s production. This article also places the album in the context of other visual culture phenomena, such as scrapbooking and album practices, as well as museum aesthetics. Finally, it considers narratives of gender, sexuality, and the nuclear family, within and beyond the album itself and the discourses surrounding spiritualism.
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Lei, Hanlun, Jian Li, Xiumin Huang i Muzi Li. "The Von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai Effect inside Mean Motion Resonances with Applications to Trans-Neptunian Objects". Astronomical Journal 164, nr 3 (2.08.2022): 74. http://dx.doi.org/10.3847/1538-3881/ac7c6a.
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Abstract Secular dynamics inside mean motion resonances (MMRs) plays an essential role in governing the dynamical structure of the trans-Neptunian region and sculpting the orbital distribution of trans-Neptunian objects (TNOs). In this study, semianalytical developments are made to explore the von Zeipel–Lidov–Kozai resonance inside MMRs. To this end, a semi-secular model is formulated from averaging theory and then a single-degree-of-freedom integrable model is achieved based on the adiabatic invariance approximation. In particular, we introduce a modified adiabatic invariant, which is continuous around the separatrices of MMRs. During long-term evolution, both the resonant Hamiltonian and the adiabatic invariant remain unchanged, thus phase portraits can be produced by plotting level curves of the adiabatic invariant with a given Hamiltonian. The phase portraits provide global pictures to predict long-term behaviors of the eccentricity, inclination, and argument of pericenter. Applications to some representative TNOs inside MMRs (2018 VO137, 2005 SD278, 2015 PD312, Pluto, 2004 HA79, 1996 TR66, and 2014 SR373) show good agreements between the numerically propagated trajectories under the full N-body model and the level curves arising in phase portraits. Interestingly, 2018 VO137 and 2005 SD278 exhibit switching behaviors during their long-term evolution and currently they are inside 2:5 MMR with Neptune.
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Li, Zhenyu, Jianlai Chen, Yi Xiong, Hanwen Yu, Huaigen Zhang i Bing Gao. "A Ship Detection and Imagery Scheme for Airborne Single-Channel SAR in Coastal Regions". Remote Sensing 14, nr 18 (19.09.2022): 4670. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184670.
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Ship detection and management in coastal regions are challenging tasks due to the complex appearances of ships and the background. For further applications in the context of fisheries monitoring and vessel traffic services, a single-channel synthetic aperture radar (SAR) is mounted on a number of maneuvering and inexpensive rotor platforms, which are utilized according to the consideration of flexible observation, cost savings, weight, and space constraints. In this paper, a hierarchical scheme of ship detection, ship imaging, and classification is proposed. It mainly includes three parts. First, a mixture statistical model of semi-parametric K-lognormal distribution based on adaptive background windows with a constant false alarm rate (CFAR) is proposed for ship prescreening in SAR imagery. Then, the discrimination stage, combined with ship imaging via the difference between the true ship targets and the false ones in the aspects of micro-Doppler motion properties, is performed. Finally, the simulation and field data processing results are presented to validate the proposed scheme.
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Guo, Liang, Xin Zhang, Di Yao, Qiang Yang, Yang Bai i Weibo Deng. "A Single-Dataset-Based Pre-Processing Joint Domain Localized Algorithm for Clutter-Suppression in Shipborne High-Frequency Surface-Wave Radar". Sensors 20, nr 13 (5.07.2020): 3773. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s20133773.
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Due to the motion of the platform, the spectrum of first-order sea clutter will widen and mask low-velocity targets such as ships in shipborne high-frequency surface-wave radar (HFSWR). Limited by the quantity of qualified training samples, the performance of the generally used clutter-suppression method, space–time adaptive processing (STAP) degrades in shipborne HFSWR. To deal with this problem, an innovative training sample acquisition method is proposed, in the area of joint domain localized (JDL) reduced-rank STAP. In this clutter-suppression method, based on a single range of cell data, the unscented transformation is introduced as a preprocessing step to obtain adequate homogeneous secondary data and roughly estimated clutter covariance matrix (CCM). The accurate CCM is calculated by integrating the approximate CCM of different range of cells. Compared with existing clutter-suppression algorithms for shipborne HFSWR, the proposed approach has a better signal-to-clutter-plus-noise ratio (SCNR) improvement tested by real data.
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Koutsantoniou, Leela Elpida. "Algorithms and radiation dynamics for the vicinity of black holes". Astronomy & Astrophysics 657 (24.12.2021): A32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202140682.
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We examine radiation and its effects on accretion disks orbiting astrophysical black holes. These disks are thermally radiating and can be geometrically and optically thin or thick. In this first paper of the series, we discuss the physics and the formulation required for this study. Subsequently, we construct and solve the relativistic radiative transfer equation, or find suitable solutions where that is not possible. We continue by presenting some of the accretion disks we considered for this work. We then describe the families of codes developed in order to study particle trajectories in strong gravity, calculate radiation forces exerted onto the disk material, and generate observation pictures of black hole systems at infinity. Furthermore, we also examine the veracity and accuracy of our work. Finally, we investigate how we can further use our results to estimate the black hole spin and the motion of disk material subjected to these radiation forces.
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Squire, Jonathan, i Philip F. Hopkins. "Physical models of streaming instabilities in protoplanetary discs". Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498, nr 1 (8.08.2020): 1239–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2311.
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ABSTRACT We develop simple, physically motivated models for drag-induced dust–gas streaming instabilities, which are thought to be crucial for clumping grains to form planetesimals in protoplanetary discs. The models explain, based on the physics of gaseous epicyclic motion and dust–gas drag forces, the most important features of the streaming instability and its simple generalization, the disc settling instability. Some of the key properties explained by our models include the sudden change in the growth rate of the streaming instability when the dust-to-gas mass ratio surpasses one, the slow growth rate of the streaming instability compared to the settling instability for smaller grains, and the main physical processes underlying the growth of the most unstable modes in different regimes. As well as providing helpful simplified pictures for understanding the operation of an interesting and fundamental astrophysical fluid instability, our models may prove useful for analysing simulations and developing non-linear theories of planetesimal growth in discs.
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Funk, Clayton. "An upswing to something better: Social space and the upward climb in vaudeville theatre". Visual Inquiry 12, nr 1 (1.05.2023): 73–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/vi_00088_1.
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Vaudeville theatre was an important visual form of popular culture and entertainment that featured such specialty acts as comedy and song and dance, as well as lectures, lantern slide shows and motion pictures with subject matter from faraway lands, and themes of American patriotism. American vaudeville began in nineteenth-century saloons as floorshows and burlesque, but it was eventually upgraded to family entertainment, which appealed to middle- and upper-class audiences, before individual theatres were subsumed by franchised theatre chains. Vaudeville theatre directors, who were known as impresarios, programmed an innovative spectrum of acts that ranged from classical music and art to folk songs, and to acrobats, which appealed to a wide range of social classes. Following the theories of Henri Lefebvre, the social space of the theatre became a conceptually dynamic space, where class distinctions blurred and audience members could then dream of life in a higher social station, or what American Mid Victorians knew as ‘self-improvement’. A conundrum emerges, however, when we see that most of the programmes were plentiful with racial, ethnic and gender stereotypes, which were entertaining to White audience members. The vertical social climb of the gilded age in the 1900s was complicated with the social relations of uneasy, decadent consumerism. Individuals driven by desire thought their ‘un-comfort’ might be remedied by entertainment, as they looked for an upswing to something better.
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Chen, Hao, Jinke Xie, Jingang Han, Weifeng Shi, Jean-Frédéric Charpentier i Mohamed Benbouzid. "Position Control of Heave Compensation for Offshore Cranes Based on a Particle Swarm Optimized Model Predictive Trajectory Path Controller". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, nr 10 (4.10.2022): 1427. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10101427.
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The wave compensation system can be very useful in several naval applications. It can greatly reduce the relative irregular motion between the two ships when replenishment operations are performed, or between the ship and the offshore platform, which is caused by the waves. It is widely used in offshore operations, offshore cargo transfer, oil and gas exploitation, deep-sea mining, the hoisting and recovery of submersibles, etc. However, when a crane is used in a ship or moving platform, due to the influence of the hull, the crane load movement is similar to a space ball pendulum, which causes the heave displacement to show significant nonlinear motion characteristics. Moreover, the time delay of the detection mechanism and control error could result in untimely compensation, which deteriorates the performance. Consequently, this paper proposes one advanced prediction compensation method, namely Particle Swarm Optimized Model Predictive Trajectory Path controller (PSO−MPTP), which can improve the heave compensation performance. This method, which is based on Model Predictive Control (MPC), is firstly applied to the position servo system and takes into account the heave prediction and control effects simultaneously. The heave displacement of the crane load could be predicted in multiple steps in advance and used as the input of the position loop of the compensation machine. The achieved simulations show that the proposed controller has better prediction ability, higher control accuracy, and stronger robustness.
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Toroman, Amel, Una Drakulić, Amel Džanić i Azra Kapić. "Raspberry Pi based Web Monitoring Smart Security System". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1298, nr 1 (1.12.2023): 012027. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1298/1/012027.
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Abstract The surveillance system has been utilized over the years on public property in order to provide security and prevent unauthorized entrance. Lately, more private homeowners are choosing to implement security systems. There are many problems with the video surveillance system. These disadvantages are the indistinctiveness of the pictures/video and the need for a lot of storage space to save surveillance information. This paper describes the design and implementation of a low-cost Web Monitoring System based on Raspberry Pi. Also, a web application is designed for the purposes of controlling the camera and for live streaming. The live stream from a web camera can be viewed from any web browser, even mobile, in real-time. Controlling the camera is possible with the web application using four commands (up/down, left/right). Also, the camera moves depending on the detection of an object located in the visible area of the PIR Motion sensor, thereby issuing a warning message about object detection.
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Malczewski, Krzysztof. "A Framework for Reconstructing Super-Resolution Magnetic Resonance Images from Sparse Raw Data Using Multilevel Generative Methods". Applied Sciences 14, nr 4 (6.02.2024): 1351. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app14041351.
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Super-resolution magnetic resonance (MR) scans give anatomical data for quantitative analysis and treatment. The use of convolutional neural networks (CNNs) in image processing and deep learning research have led to super-resolution reconstruction methods based on deep learning. The study offers a G-guided generative multilevel network for training 3D neural networks with poorly sampled MR input data. The author suggest using super-resolution reconstruction (SRR) and modified sparse sampling to address these issues. Image-based Wasserstein GANs retain k-space data sparsity. Wasserstein Generative Adversarial Networks (WGANs) store and represent picture space knowledge. The method obtains null-valued k-space data and repairs fill gaps in the dataset to preserve data integrity. The proposed reconstruction method processes raw data samples and is able to perform subspace synchronization, deblurring, denoising, motion estimation, and super-resolution image production. The suggested algorithm uses different preprocessing methods to deblur and denoise datasets. Preliminary trials contextualize and speed up assessments. Results indicate that reconstructed pictures have better high-frequency features than sophisticated multi-frame techniques. This is supported by rising PSNR, MAE, and IEM measurements. A k-space correction block improves GAN network refinement learning in the suggested method. This block improves the network’s ability to avoid unnecessary data, speeding reconstruction. A k-space correction module can limit the generator’s output to critical lines, allowing the reconstruction of only missing lines. This improves convergence and speeds rebuilding. This study shows that this strategy reduces aliasing artifacts better than contemporaneous and noniterative methods.
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Saputra, Jasnur, i Marjoni Marjoni. "Design Build Mini Simulator Navigator Fish Boat (Design and Build Mini Fishing Ship Navigatioan Simulator)". Riwayat: Educational Journal of History and Humanities 5, nr 1 (9.02.2022): 113–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.24815/jr.v5i1.26924.
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Navigation simulators have a very important role in the learning process to steer the ship's motion safely virtually based on the same shape and function as the original. However, the absence of a navigation simulator at the Aceh Marine and Fisheries Polytechnic of the Capture Fisheries Study Program (PTK) is thought to be the cause of the non-optimal learning process so that a navigation simulator is needed. This study aims to facilitate the navigational science learning process so as to make this navigation simulator a teaching and learning tool in the classroom, both in theory and practice. The method of designing and building a mini fishing boat navigation simulator is carried out in three stages, namely the literature review method, the observation method and the field work method. The results obtained are a navigation simulator with compass, radar, electronic maps, steering, weather control, ship lights and sound signals. The building space for this fishing boat navigation simulator can be used as a learning tool to sail ships and can increase interest in learning.
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Ding, Yi, i Hongyang Zhu. "Risk-Sensitive Markov Decision Processes of USV Trajectory Planning with Time-Limited Budget". Sensors 23, nr 18 (13.09.2023): 7846. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23187846.
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Trajectory planning plays a crucial role in ensuring the safe navigation of ships, as it involves complex decision making influenced by various factors. This paper presents a heuristic algorithm, named the Markov decision process Heuristic Algorithm (MHA), for time-optimized avoidance of Unmanned Surface Vehicles (USVs) based on a Risk-Sensitive Markov decision process model. The proposed method utilizes the Risk-Sensitive Markov decision process model to generate a set of states within the USV collision avoidance search space. These states are determined based on the reachable locations and directions considering the time cost associated with the set of actions. By incorporating an enhanced reward function and a constraint time-dependent cost function, the USV can effectively plan practical motion paths that align with its actual time constraints. Experimental results demonstrate that the MHA algorithm enables decision makers to evaluate the trade-off between the budget and the probability of achieving the goal within the given budget. Moreover, the local stochastic optimization criterion assists the agent in selecting collision avoidance paths without significantly increasing the risk of collision.
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Zhang, Wang, Liu i Chen. "Decision-Making for the Autonomous Navigation of Maritime Autonomous Surface Ships Based on Scene Division and Deep Reinforcement Learning". Sensors 19, nr 18 (19.09.2019): 4055. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19184055.
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This research focuses on the adaptive navigation of maritime autonomous surface ships (MASSs) in an uncertain environment. To achieve intelligent obstacle avoidance of MASSs in a port, an autonomous navigation decision-making model based on hierarchical deep reinforcement learning is proposed. The model is mainly composed of two layers: the scene division layer and an autonomous navigation decision-making layer. The scene division layer mainly quantifies the sub-scenarios according to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREG). This research divides the navigational situation of a ship into entities and attributes based on the ontology model and Protégé language. In the decision-making layer, we designed a deep Q-learning algorithm utilizing the environmental model, ship motion space, reward function, and search strategy to learn the environmental state in a quantized sub-scenario to train the navigation strategy. Finally, two sets of verification experiments of the deep reinforcement learning (DRL) and improved DRL algorithms were designed with Rizhao port as a study case. Moreover, the experimental data were analyzed in terms of the convergence trend, iterative path, and collision avoidance effect. The results indicate that the improved DRL algorithm could effectively improve the navigation safety and collision avoidance.
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ILIEV, BOZHIDAR Z. "FIBRE BUNDLE FORMULATION OF NONRELATIVISTIC QUANTUM MECHANICS IV: MIXED STATES AND EVOLUTION TRANSPORT'S CURVATURE". International Journal of Modern Physics A 17, nr 02 (20.01.2002): 229–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0217751x02005669.
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We propose a new systematic fibre bundle formulation of nonrelativistic quantum mechanics. The new form of the theory is equivalent to the usual one and is in harmony with the modern trends in theoretical physics and potentially admits new generalizations in different directions. In it the Hilbert space of a quantum system (from conventional quantum mechanics) is replaced with an appropriate Hilbert bundle of states and a pure state of the system is described by a lifting of paths or section along paths in this bundle. The evolution of a pure state is determined through the bundle (analog of the) Schrödinger equation. Now the dynamical variables and density operators are described via liftings of paths or morphisms along paths in suitable bundles. The mentioned quantities are connected by a number of relations derived in this work. The present fourth part of this series is devoted mainly to the fibre bundle description of mixed quantum states. We show that to the conventional density operator there corresponds a unique density lifting of paths for which the corresponding equations of motion are derived. It is also investigated the bundle description of mixed quantum states in the different pictures of motion. We calculate the curvature of the evolution transport and prove that it is curvature free iff the values of the Hamiltonian operator at different moments commute.
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Wen, Naifeng, Yundong Long, Rubo Zhang, Guanqun Liu, Wenjie Wan i Dian Jiao. "COLREGs-Based Path Planning for USVs Using the Deep Reinforcement Learning Strategy". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 11, nr 12 (11.12.2023): 2334. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse11122334.
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This research introduces a two-stage deep reinforcement learning approach for the cooperative path planning of unmanned surface vehicles (USVs). The method is designed to address cooperative collision-avoidance path planning while adhering to the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs) and considering the collision-avoidance problem within the USV fleet and between USVs and target ships (TSs). To achieve this, the study presents a dual COLREGs-compliant action-selection strategy to effectively manage the vessel-avoidance problem. Firstly, we construct a COLREGs-compliant action-evaluation network that utilizes a deep learning network trained on pre-recorded TS avoidance trajectories by USVs in compliance with COLREGs. Then, the COLREGs-compliant reward-function-based action-selection network is proposed by considering various TS encountering scenarios. Consequently, the results of the two networks are fused to select actions for cooperative path-planning processes. The path-planning model is established using the multi-agent proximal policy optimization (MAPPO) method. The action space, observation space, and reward function are tailored for the policy network. Additionally, a TS detection method is introduced to detect the motion intentions of TSs. The study conducted Monte Carlo simulations to demonstrate the strong performance of the planning method. Furthermore, experiments focusing on COLREGs-based TS avoidance were carried out to validate the feasibility of the approach. The proposed TS detection model exhibited robust performance within the defined task.
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D’Angiulli, Amedeo, i Stefania Maggi. "Development of drawing abilities in a distinct population: Depiction of perceptual principles by three children with congenital total blindness". International Journal of Behavioral Development 27, nr 3 (maj 2003): 193–200. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/01650250244000191.
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We studied the development of spontaneous tactile drawing in three 12-year-old children with congenital total blindness and with no previous drawing tuition. In a period of 9 months, from an initial phase in which they were taught to draw tangible straight and curve raised lines, the three blind children went on making spontaneous raised outlines representing edges, surfaces of objects, vantage point, and motion. The corpus of drawings produced by these children shows that several aspects of outline pictures can be implemented through touch. The perceptual principles represented in these drawings are comparable to those commonly found in sighted children. On the one hand, this convergence indicates similarities in the way vision and touch mediate the acquisition and the conceptualisation of spatial information from objects and the environment. On the other hand, it reflects the influence of cross-modal plasticity typically associated with early or congenital blindness. This study suggests that drawing development in general does not depend on learning pictorial conventions. Rather it seems driven by natural generativity based on children’s knowledge of space and perceptual principles.
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Guo, Honghu, Akihiro Takezawa, Kazuo Ichikawa i Hiroyuki Sakai. "Experimental and Numerical Investigation of the Damping Performance of Metal Additively Manufactured Particle Damper". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 268, nr 4 (30.11.2023): 4532–37. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in_2023_0647.
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The additively manufactured particle damper (AMPD) is a novel particle damper fabricated by leaving unfused powder inside the pre-designed structural cavities during the laser powder bed fusion (LPBF) process. It can be applied at high temperatures and a wide range of frequencies without any additional installation space. However, the damping mechanism and performance of AMPD are still unclear due to insufficient experimental and simulation analyses. In this work, the damping capacity of AMPDs with three different unit cell sizes at high frequencies and low vibration amplitudes were investigated experimentally and numerically. The AMPDs were manufactured using LPBD with 316 L stainless steel. The complex power method was used to measure the energy dissipation of the AMPD directly. A discrete element method (DEM) simulation model was developed to visualize the particle motion mode during each vibration process. The computed tomography (CT) pictures were utilized to measure the powder distribution in each AMPD's cavity. Finally, the influence of excitation frequency, excitation amplitude, and cavity size on the damping performance of the AMPD were explained by comparing the experimental and simulation results.
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Yu, Jiagen, Zhengjiang Liu i Xianku Zhang. "DCA-Based Collision Avoidance Path Planning for Marine Vehicles in Presence of the Multi-Ship Encounter Situation". Journal of Marine Science and Engineering 10, nr 4 (12.04.2022): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/jmse10040529.
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The problem of ship collision avoidance path planning is one of the key problems in the ship motion control field. Aiming at the high computational time problem of path planning in multi-ship encounter situations and the impact of the target ship’s action changes on path planning, this paper proposes a dynamic path-planning method based on dynamic cluster analysis (DCA), which is used to dynamically cluster target ships with similar attributes into a group ship, reducing the number of calculated targets and improving the efficiency of path planning. Taking into full consideration the action requirements of the International Regulations for Preventing Collisions at Sea (COLREGs), the course alteration action matrix (CAAM) for collision avoidance is established to limit the space of candidate solutions. On the basis of the rapid optimization capability of the deterministic optimization algorithm (DOA), a dynamic monitoring mechanism is introduced to establish a multi-ship encounter intelligent collision avoidance decision-making model that meets the needs of real-time collision avoidance. The simulation results showed that the method can obtain a dynamic collision avoidance path that is safe and feasible.
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Turner, Jennifer, i Kimberley Peters. "Rethinking mobility in criminology: Beyond horizontal mobilities of prisoner transportation". Punishment & Society 19, nr 1 (1.08.2016): 96–114. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1462474516654463.
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Typically, to be incarcerated is to be fixed: limited within specific parameters or boundaries with liberty and agency greatly reduced. Yet, recent literature has attended to the movement (or mobilities) that shape, or are shaped by modes of incarceration. Rather than simply assuming that experiences are inherently ones of immobility, such literature unhinges carceral studies from its framing within a sedentary ontology. However, the potential of mobility studies for unpacking the movements enfolded in carceral space and imprisoned life has yet to be fully exploited. When attending to mobilities, criminologists have investigated the politics of movement through a traditional horizontal frame of motion (between prison spaces, between court and prison, etc.). This paper contends that studies of mobility in criminology could be productively rethought. Drawing on movements of convicts from Britain to Australia aboard prison ships, this paper argues that straightforward, horizontal mobilities at work in regimes of control and practices of resistance marry together with vertical mobilities. Paying attention to the complex mobilities involved in carceral experience leads to a more nuanced understanding of regimes of discipline and practices of resistance that shape how incarcerated individuals move (or are unable to move) within carceral spaces, past and present.
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Inoue, Hajime. "Origin of cool cores, cold fronts, and spiral structures in cool core clusters of galaxies". Publications of the Astronomical Society of Japan 74, nr 1 (20.12.2021): 152–60. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/pasj/psab114.
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Abstract We consider a situation in which a brightest cluster galaxy (BCG) moves in ambient hot gas in the central region of a cool core cluster of galaxies, following the study by Inoue (2014, PASJ, 66, 60). In the rest frame of the BCG, the hot gas is supposed to flow toward the BCG in parallel from a sufficiently large distance. Then, it is expected that only the gas flowing with an impact parameter less than a critical value is trapped by the gravitation field of the BCG because of the efficient radiative cooling, getting a cooling flow, and that the remaining outer gas can get over the potential well. In such a circumstance, we can draw the following picture: A boundary layer between the out-flowing gas and the trapped gas arises around the stagnation point at the back side of the BCG. Since the boundary temperature is so low as to be X-ray dim, the boundary could be observed as the cold front in X-rays. The trapped gas stagnates on the inner side of the boundary and starts in-falling toward the BCG. Since the wandering motion of the BCG is likely to have a rotational component, the Coriolis force induces a rotational motion in the in-falling flow from the stagnation place to the BCG, forming a spiral structure around the BCG. The spiraling flow turns the BCG on the up stream side of the main flow from the far outside, and another boundary layer arises that has contact discontinuity with the main hot gas flow. These pictures reproduce the observed features such as cool cores, cold fronts, and spiral structures well. It can also be resolved how the cooling flow is suppressed from what the cooling flow hypothesis predicts, without any heating mechanism.
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Pawar, Prof Dipali, Omkar Dhanwat, Sushant Shrivastav, Devendra Sutar i Sourabh Yadav. "Suspicious Activity Detection from Video Surveillance Using CNN Algorithm". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 5 (31.05.2023): 412–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.51375.
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Abstract: Suspicious Activity is predicting the part or joint locations of someone from a picture or a video. Human suspicious Activity is one amongst the key issues in laptop vision that has been studied for over fifteen years. it's necessary due to the sheer variety of applications which mightlike Activity detection. for instance, human cause estimation is employed in applications as well as video police investigation, animal following and behavior understanding, language detection, advanced human-computer interaction, and marker less motion capturing. Low price depth sensors have limitations like restricted to indoor use, and their low resolution and yelling depth info build it troublesome to estimate human poses from depth pictures. Hence, we have a tendency to attempt to use neural networks to over- return these issues. Suspicious act recognition from police investigation video is an energetic analysis space of image process and laptop vision. Through the visual police investigation, human activities may be monitored in sensitive and public areas like busstations, railway stations, airports, banks, searching malls, faculty and faculties, parking tons, roads, etc. to stop act of terrorism, theft, accidents and ill-gotten parking, vandalism, fighting, chain snatching, crime and different suspicious activities.
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Wei, Jiacheng, Xi Tang, Jinxiu Liu i Zhiyan Zhang. "Detection of Pig Movement and Aggression Using Deep Learning Approaches". Animals 13, nr 19 (30.09.2023): 3074. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani13193074.
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Motion and aggressive behaviors in pigs provide important information for the study of social hierarchies in pigs and can be used as a selection indicator for pig health and aggression parameters. However, relying only on visual observation or surveillance video to record the number of aggressive acts is time-consuming, labor-intensive, and lasts for only a short period of time. Manual observation is too short compared to the growth cycle of pigs, and complete recording is impractical in large farms. In addition, due to the complex process of assessing the intensity of pig aggression, manual recording is highly influenced by human subjective vision. In order to efficiently record pig motion and aggressive behaviors as parameters for breeding selection and behavioral studies, the videos and pictures were collected from typical commercial farms, with each unit including 8~20 pigs in 7~25 m2 space; they were bred in stable social groups and a video was set up to record the whole day’s activities. We proposed a deep learning-based recognition method for detecting and recognizing the movement and aggressive behaviors of pigs by recording and annotating head-to-head tapping, head-to-body tapping, neck biting, body biting, and ear biting during fighting. The method uses an improved EMA-YOLOv8 model and a target tracking algorithm to assign a unique digital identity code to each pig, while efficiently recognizing and recording pig motion and aggressive behaviors and tracking them, thus providing statistics on the speed and duration of pig motion. On the test dataset, the average precision of the model was 96.4%, indicating that the model has high accuracy in detecting a pig’s identity and its fighting behaviors. The model detection results were highly correlated with the manual recording results (R2 of 0.9804 and 0.9856, respectively), indicating that the method has high accuracy and effectiveness. In summary, the method realized the detection and identification of motion duration and aggressive behavior of pigs under natural conditions, and provided reliable data and technical support for the study of the social hierarchy of pigs and the selection of pig health and aggression phenotypes.
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Lin, Kangzhe, i Yunhao Guo. "Research On Underwater Search Strategy for Wrecked Submarine Based on Monte Carlo Simulation Algorithm". Highlights in Science, Engineering and Technology 103 (26.06.2024): 144–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.54097/vt4zn148.
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In recent years, visiting undersea relics by submarine as a new type of tourism program has a high risk. In order to improve the safety of the submarine, an effective simulation is carried out for the submarine that loses power, and a reasonable method to optimize the search mode is proposed. In this paper, this paper consider a submarine that has lost power, which is subject to its own gravity by the buoyancy of the water and the resistance generated by the relative motion of the ocean current and the submarine, so this paper establishes and solves the differential equations of motion of the wrecked submarine in three-dimensional space according to Newton's second law. Also considering that the state of the submarine at the time of failure is unknown, Monte Carlo simulation is used to randomly sample 1000 sets of initial velocities and positions around a number of famous undersea sites and simulate their trajectories, so as to obtain the probability density distribution of the submarine's position at any given moment, and to plot the 3D and 2D images of the probability density distribution of the submarine's position at the end of each day. In the process of searching for submarines against multiple warships, this paper adopts a greedy search algorithm, which integrates the traveling speed of the searching ships, the search speed and the success rate of searching unit area. At the beginning of each day, the warships select the most probable submarine location based on Monte Carlo simulation and travel to that location for search. The search program has a high probability of finding the lost submarine within 10 days.
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Braiko, Oleksandr. "Cinematographic coloring of open space in Volodymyr Drozd’s short prose from 1960s". Слово і Час, nr 3 (26.05.2020): 28–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.33608/0236-1477.2020.03.28-47.
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The paper considers the style manner of V. Drozd’s prose from his early writing period with a focus on cinematographic aesthetics of color and possibilities of the screen design of plein air as the most free spatial environment for visual development of the image. The writer’s literary means have their analogues in the well-known contemporary films (“October”, “Poem about Sea”, “Red Desert”).
The dynamic plein air compositions have certain screen potential. The images of open-space are related to freedom in dynamic and successive change of a scene, and alternation of verbal pictures. They are rather close to the specifc cinematographic representation of action, as their color markers may be associated with an imaginary film. The first V. Drozd’s attempts of designing the color and light of plein air are marked with an accent on the hues of the represented objects, the dynamism of objects in the imaginary shots, and expressive motion, increased with spectral indicators. A growth of the writer’s mastery is related to development of successive color ‘melody’, based on nuances of the visual impressions, and harmonized with internal action progress. Plastic imaginal markers with limited color range also remind the technique of cinematographic rush, adding emotional and psychological mood connotations to the narration and stimulating positive (nostalgic, elegiac) associations. Although they may seem random, the light and color signals acquire cinematographic expressiveness due to integration into the plot and its internal action, and to the dynamics of the character’s point of view. Abandoning a picturesque fixed nature, the author acquires possibility to decode wider associative meanings with color and light markers, search for deeper semantics of visual image complexes, and construct deterministic relations of a character and environment. Even minimal visual signals contribute to the color structure of a verbal shot. Such terseness and obscurity of objects in the prospect of a narrative camera, and a rapid change of plein air sections are similar to the features of cinematographic aesthetics and poetics.