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1
Chung, G. T. Y. "Somatic genetic changes in early lung carcinogenesis". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.597688.
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Carcinogenesis is a multistep process, and epithelial cancers are preceded by a series of morphologically recognisable pre-invasive lesions that develop over a period of time. Lung cancers arise from morphological steps involving hyperplasia, metaplasia, dysplasia, carcinoma in situ, invasive carcinoma and metastatic carcinoma. Chromosome 3 and p53 gene damage are two most common genetic abnormalities found in lung cancer. Loss of chromosome 3p and mutation of p53 gene occurred in severe dysplasia, a lesion believed to immediately precede invasive tumour. However, little is known about their involvement in early bronchial pre-invasive lesions. By studying different grades of pre-invasive lesions and tumours obtained from the same patient (parallel study), it was found that chromosome 3p loss and mutation of p53 gene occurred in early dysplastic lesions, suggesting that they were early events in the development of lung cancer. Moreover, damage to chromosome 3 was an earlier event than mutation of p53 gene. Sequential loss within chromosome 3p was observed. Chromosome 3p loss in invasive tumours was more frequent and more extensive than that in pre-invasive lesions. A study of pre-invasive lesions obtained over a period of nine months (longitudinal study) from a patient without tumour showed that there was a sequential damage of 3p, confirming the findings of the parallel study. In addition, the longitudinal study showed that there was a clonal expansion of p53 mutant cells over the nine-month period. Using microsatellite markers within a homozygously deleted region in a small lung cancer cell line, U2020, an interstitial deletion on 3p in dysplastic lesions was delineated which only partly overlaps the U2020 deletion. This suggested that allele loss study in pre-invasive lesions can potentially provide refinement to the location of tumour suppressor genes.
2
Slade, Teri. "Measurable Changes in Piano Performance Following a Body Mapping Workshop". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37593.
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Body Mapping has emerged among movement education techniques as one of the only somatic methods to focus specifically on musicians. Little research has been conducted to determine what changes, if any, participants in Body Mapping workshops experience. This study used MIDI to examine pitch, tone, tempo, and articulation of scale and arpeggio piano performance one day before and after a Body Mapping workshop. Participants were found to exhibit few measurable changes in these aspects of scale and arpeggio. A series of exploratory analyses were then conducted, which found greater changes in the visually observable aspects of piano performance than in aurally perceptible ones. The results suggest that immediately following a Body Mapping workshop, piano performance may improve in visually observable measures, but not in the aurally perceptible measures of scale and arpeggio performance.
3
Yahya, Bokhari. "Discovering driver somatic mutations, copy number alterations and methylation changes using Markov Chain Monte Carlo". VCU Scholars Compass, 2013. http://scholarscompass.vcu.edu/etd/3266.
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Nowadays we have tremendous amount of genetic data needing to be interpreted. Somatic mutations, copy number variations and methylation are example of the genetics data we are dealing with. Discovering driver mutations from these combined data types is challenging. Mutations are unpredictable and have broad heterogeneity, which makes our goal hard to accomplish. Many methods have been proposed to solve the mystery of genetics of cancer. In this project we manipulate those above mentioned genetics data types and choose to use and modified an existing method utilizing Markov Chain Monte Carlo (MCMC). The method introduced two properties, coverage and exclusivity. We obtained the data from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). We used MCMC method with three cancer types: Glioblastoma Multiform (GBM) with 214 patients, Breast Invasive Carcinoma (BRCA) with 474 patients and Colon Adenocarcinoma (COAD) with 233 patients.
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Reeder, Matthew, i res cand@acu edu au. "The Emotional Congruence of Experience and Bodily Change". Australian Catholic University. School of Psychology, 2001. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp10.09042006.
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This study examined the association of the experience of emotion and somatic changes. The study compared reported somatic changes generally experienced when anxious with the actual association of the experience of emotion and somatic changes as measured during a specific event. Emotions were measured as both general negative emotion as well as specific emotions: anger, disgust, fear, sadness and shame. Participants were volunteers from a Victorian university who agreed to watch a video depicting the dramatisation of child abuse. Throughout the video, participants indicated their experience of emotion. Measures were also taken throughout the procedure of facial expression and Galvanic Skin Response (GSR). In order to examine emotional-congruence, subjects were divided into three groups. These groups were divided according to the congruence of subjects’ experienced emotion with autonomic changes and facial expressivity. Groups were divided separately for each of the emotion types. Where there was little difference between the reported experience of emotion and that, which would have been expected from the observed somatic changes, the subject was deemed to be in the Congruent Group. Subjects whose reported experience of emotion was greater or less than would be expected from observed somatic changes were allocated to the Over-reporter and Under-Reporter Groups respectively. This data was then compared to participants’ reports of the number of somatic symptoms usually experienced when anxious. It was found that participants who under-report the experience of general negative-emotion compared with their observed somatic changes (both GSR and facial expressivity) had lower trait-somatic-anxiety (reported fewer somatic symptoms usually experienced when anxious). There was no significant difference between the Congruent Group and Over-Reporter Group. The Under-Reporter Groups had significantly lower trait-somatic-anxiety than the Congruent Group when emotional-congruence was defined by fear and GSR, anger and GSR and sadness and facial expressivity. The actual association of shame and disgust with either somatic change, sadness with autonomic change and anger and fear with facial expressivity was unrelated to the number of somatic symptoms reported to be usually experienced when anxious. The results supported the idea that subjective reports of the number of somatic symptoms reported to be usually experienced when anxious reflect the actual association of somatic change and experience, but with limitations. The actual association of experience of fear with autonomic change seems to reflect the number of somatic symptoms reported to be usually experienced when anxious more than other emotions. Further for those for whom the experience of anger and negative-emotion has a greater association with somatic change, there was a greater number of somatic symptoms reported to be usually experienced when anxious. This would suggest that some people have a greater association of some experiences of emotion and somatic change. Furthermore, while there is an association between reported somatic changes generally experienced when anxious with the actual association of the experience of emotion and somatic changes as measured during a specific event, this was dependant on the association of the emotion types rather than being generalised for all emotions.
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Kapik, Rene Howard. "Changes in abscisic acid concentration during zygotic embryogenisis in loblolly pine (Pinus taeda) as determined by indirect ELISA". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 1994. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/5796.
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Little, VIrginia L. "Changes in Fathers' Physical Health Across the Transition to Parenthood". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1398023910.
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Gonnelli, Michele [Verfasser], i Jens [Akademischer Betreuer] Loenhoff. "Italophone Somali diaspora and social change in Somalia : education, communication, and institutions of social control / Michele Gonnelli ; Betreuer: Jens Loenhoff". Duisburg, 2020. http://d-nb.info/1204004188/34.
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Lomax, Victoria. "Relevant factors in the process of psychotherapeutic change within short-term dynamic psychotherapy for somatic symptom disorders". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/7282/.
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Odenwald, Michael. "The use of the stimulant khat, war-related trauma and psychosis in Somalia how changed use patterns of a traditional drug are related to psychiatric problems in a country in the transition from war to peace /". [S.l. : s.n.], 2006. http://nbn-resolving.de/urn:nbn:de:bsz:352-opus-23510.
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Hopkins, Gail. "Gains, losses and changes : resettlement of Somali women refugees in London and Toronto". Thesis, University of Sussex, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.420492.
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The focus of this thesis is the lives of Somali women who are resettling in London and Toronto,, having been displaced as a result of over twenty years of conflict and instability in Somalia. The thesis is based on fieldwork undertaken in these two urban locations, during which time data was gathered using semi-structured interviews with this specific group of Somali women. Within the first three chapters (I - 3), an outline is presented of Somalia as a refugee producing region which provides an understanding of prior experiences of violence and trauma. These chapters help to contextualise the material presented on the basis that prior experiences inform the resettlement choices and priorities of the women interviewed. They situate the refugee experience within a broader migration context whilst also drawing attention to the specific vulnerabilities and obstacles particularly faced by women seeking asylum, obstacles which result from the perpetration of gendered persecution and the lack of gender-specificity in the wording of the 1951 Convention relating to the Status of Refugees. These chapters also lay the foundation for later discussion of the maintenance and renewal of concepts of 'home' and identity which develop through new and old cultural contacts. Based on the women's personal testimonies, the empirical chapters (4 - 8) then explore the barriers and issues faced by Somali women in resettlement, and their successesa nd limitations in negotiating their new environment. Consciously and unconsciously countering stereotypes and breaking boundaries, many Somali women are able to exercise choice and exert agency in unseen and unappreciated ways. These and other gains experienced in Britain and Canada are balanced by losses experienced through the lack of extended family support and increasing alienation from, and shiffing concepts of, 'home'. Working against a conceptualization of refugee women as victims, the thesis puts forward evidence challenging an overarching concept of victimhood with one which recognizes the processual and individual nature of resettlement. As a collection of individual experiences, this research does not attempt to make generalizations about all Somali women refugees. The testimonials do, however, allow an analytical hypothesis to be formed which contributes valuable information on individual's aspirations, motivations and evaluations which enrich and complement existing knowledge of refugee resettlement.
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Shanahan, Mary. "My Name is a Blackbird: Dancing Toward a Productive Ontology of Change". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2019. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/570655.
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The dissertation is a theoretical autobiography weaving personal narrative, reflective practice, and engagement with extant sources, emphasizing somatic innovators and French philosophers Giles Deleuze and Felix Guattari. Rhizomatically structured, the dissertation takes as its locus of content My Name is a Blackbird, an extended choreographic project and series of performances I enacted between 2006 and 2010. Research begun during Blackbird further bled into subsequent years of solo and ensemble dance practice and performance, teaching, and contemplation, and continued to manifest personally and professionally as deepened curiosity about the dance’s abiding questions around the nature of form and identity. These questions motivated doctoral study and sustained throughout the dissertation process. The dissertation intersperses extant theories and somatics with autobiographical narratives depicting stories that pre- and post-date My Name is a Blackbird, and draw heavily from content culled while compiling and reflecting on an extensive document I call the Blackbird Archive, totally over one-thousand pages of material, including layers of quasi-repeated text, and my contemporaneous reflective analysis. I built the Archive during the first two and half years of writing the dissertation from raw materials documenting Blackbird, including transcribed audio from video tapes of rehearsals, conversations and interviews with collaborators, and artist and audience response to performances, plus my personal handwritten and digital journals. Working on and with the Archive prompted me to dig deeper into what was then my existing narrative about Blackbird, which originally foregrounded my discoveries as a dancer and performer of greater freedom of movement and expressive potential, including within the artist-audience exchange, through the release of my superficial abdominals. The dissertation charts a non-linear process through which I discovered that, in addition to this existing narrative of liberation, the Archive and my related memories sparked from the Archive, in conversation especially with Deleuze and Guattari, as well as revisiting and reconsidering my understandings of work by the somatic innovators and theorists, primarily Moshe Feldenkrais and Emilie Conrad, whose writing and methods shaped my practices during Blackbird, the dissertation project revealed that delving into occluded and more painful memories was necessary to tell a more complete story of the project. These memories include looking again at long term struggles with body dysmorphia and disordered eating, and, more so, grappling on the page with the impact of experiences of sexual trauma as a late adolescent and young adult, which shaped coping mechanisms that further informed ingrained movement preferences, bodily comportment, and whole-self orientation to time, effort, body, and form. The dissertation is organized into four parts. Part I introduces the document, Deleuze and Guattari as key conversation partners, and describes what I refer to as my methodological journey. Part II delves into the process and timeline for building the Blackbird Archive and describes the Blackbird project itself, focusing on the role of the concept of transmogrification. Part III explores experiences of time and body in Blackbird and autobiographical narratives that shaped my orientation to dance and performance, and Part IV uses Deleuze and Guattari’s work to articulate my experiences of and fantasies around dissolution of form and shifting identity.Temple University--Theses
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Tyree, Daniel J. "Environmental Change and the Physical Growth Status of Somali Children Born in the United States". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1276756377.
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Liberatore, Giulia. "Transforming the self : an ethnography of ethical change amongst young Somali Muslim women in London". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2013. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/743/.
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This thesis is about young second-generation Somali women in London who, in recent years, have begun to practise Islam. Based on over 16 months of ethnographic fieldwork, it investigates their everyday experiences of piety in a range of contexts across London. I argue that an analysis of these young women’s pious pursuits needs to account for the connections between the broader socio-political and economic context, and the affective, embodied, discursive, and cognitive dimensions of ethical self-fashioning. First, I demonstrate how these young practising women are drawing on forms of knowledge derived from the Islamic discursive tradition, liberal discourses and Somali history. I explore how these women’s ethical changes are initiated by current shifts in policies and discussions around the failures of multiculturalism, which have brought into sharp focus the questions of what it means to be Somali, Muslim, and British. Second, by extending a Foucaultian understanding of ethical change, I approach their practise of Islam by analysing the forms and means through which these young women imagine novel relations to themselves and to others including kin, friends, potential husbands, and God. I contrast these women’s experiences with those of the first-generation in order to trace historical changes. An ethnographic investigation into their everyday lives in a range of contexts beyond Islamic places of learning, reveals the multi-constituted, relational, and constantly shifting nature of the practising self. Ultimately, through the concept of hope I investigate the forces that animate these young practising women’s quests and account for their continuous, albeit fragmentary and often incoherent, attempts to transform themselves. This analysis moves beyond the anthropological literature on Islam and piety, which prioritises coherent, discursive traditions and often bounded models of piety. It further offers a challenge to current public and political representations of Muslim women in the UK, which tend to problematize Islam. Young practising Somali women, this thesis reveals, are intervening within, and transforming these contemporary debates around the Muslim subject.
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Wahlberg, Anna. "Continuity or Change? : Improved Understanding of Attitudes Towards Female Genital Cutting after Migration from Somalia to Sweden". Doctoral thesis, Uppsala universitet, Internationell mödra- och barnhälsovård (IMCH), 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-334703.
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Do people’s attitudes towards female genital cutting (FGC) change after they migrate from a country where the practice is common, to one where it is not? Alongside increased levels of migration, this question is increasingly being raised. This thesis aimed to expand the understanding about attitudes towards FGC held by Somali men and women in Sweden, and thereby to identify potential factors that impede or facilitate the cessation of FGC. Cross-sectional questionnaire data were collected in four Swedish municipalities to assess attitudes to FGC. To further explore perceptions of FGC, as well as the circumcision of boys, semi-structured interviews and focus group discussions were conducted. Data were collected in 2015. The findings identified an overall widespread opposition to forms of FGC that cause anatomical change. A majority (78%) expressed an opposition to the continuation of all forms of FGC, with the odds of supporting FGC decreasing with increased years of residency in Sweden. An identified 18% reported a support for the continuation of pricking (FGC type IV). A support of pricking was linked with perceiving it as acceptable according to Islam, not a violation of children’s rights, and not causing long-term health complications. Pricking was not defined as a form of FGC by 32%. Most men described a preference to marry an uncircumcised woman (76%) or one who had had pricking (16%). How the individuals perceived the support of FGC in the Swedish Somali community corresponded well with their own approval of the practice. While there seemed to be a continuity regarding the Swedish Somalis’ core values of being a good Muslim, not inflicting harm, and upholding respectability, re-evaluation of how these are applied when it comes to circumcision of girls and boys was identified. This resulted in FGC being viewed as a practice that could be abandoned or adapted. Paradoxically, based on the same core values, the circumcision of boys was continuously perceived as an unquestionable required practice. Altogether, these results suggest that a shift in convention towards no FGC is taking place. However, the identified lack of consensus on practices regarded as FGC needs further attention.
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Naidoo, Tamara. "The right to Landscape Facing climate change and a gendered political economy through 'pastoralist' peace-building in Somalia". Diss., University of Pretoria, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/2263/53169.
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Mohme, Gunnel. "Somali-Swedish Girls - The Construction of Childhood within Local and Transnational Spaces". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Barn- och ungdomsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-132312.
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This thesis explores diaspora experiences among Somali-Swedish parents and their daughters where the girls are enrolled in a Muslim-profiled school. The thesis uses migration theory with a transnational perspective, with findings that depart from the traditional view of migrants’ rootedness in a single country. It adopts the new paradigm for the sociology of childhood, where childhood is regarded as a social construction and children are considered to possess agency and competence. Anthony Giddens’s structuration theory and its main concept ‘duality of structure’ was employed as a theoretical tool. Methods that were used were participant observation, interviews (individual and in group) and analysis of essays. The thesis consists of three studies. The first study explores how Somali-Swedish parents explain their choice of a Muslim-profiled school for their children. The results refute the traditional view that such choices are solely faith-based, showing faith as important but not determining. Important factors were finding a school that met their high educational ambitions and made both parents and children feel trusted, safe and not disrespected because of their faith and skin-colour. The second study explores transnational experiences, particularly the transfer of transnational practices from the Somali-Swedish parents’ to their children and the construction of a transnational social space, built on close global relationships. The results show that transnational practices are feasible irrespective of physical travel. The study also exemplifies the group’s readiness to relocate between countries by the onward migration from Sweden to Egypt, and implications for the children are illuminated. Somalis in diaspora often explain their propensity to move by their past nomadic life-patterns, but this study shows as strong factors the desire for better opportunities in combination with experiences of cultural and economic marginalisation in the West. The third study analyses how girls in grade 5 (about eleven years old) imagine their future career and family life by analysing essays. The findings reveal that their dreams are both consistent with the expectations of their families (in particular, high educational ambitions) and inspired from elsewhere (particularly in terms of future family life). How the girls imagine their adulthood could be seen as an example of how their original culture is subject to change in a new environment.At the time of the doctoral defense, the following paper was unpublished and had a status as follows: Paper 1: Manuscript.
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Sandstrom, Karl. "Modes of mobilisation : socio-political dynamics in Somaliland, Somalia, and Afghanistan". Thesis, University of St Andrews, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10023/2088.
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This thesis provides a framework for viewing socio-political contexts and how these relate to interventionist projects. The framework draws on and combines strands from international relations and sociological perspectives of social interaction. The central question becomes how intervention and existing social contexts interact to produce unintended outcomes. It applies the analysis to two separate wider contexts: Afghanistan and Somalia, with a particular focus on the self-declared independent Somaliland as an internally generated and controlled transformational process. Unlike abstract directions of theoretical development the framework seeks to provide a platform that sets aside ideological assumptions and from which interventionist projects can be observed and evaluated based on literature, field observations and interviews. Drawing on such diverse influences as fourth generation peace and conflict studies, Morphogenetics, and social forces theory, the framework explores conditions and interest formations to capture instances of local agency that are part of a continuity of local realities. It views social interaction without imposing Universalist value assumptions, but also without resorting to relativism or raising so many caveats that it becomes impractical. It exposes the agency of local interest formations hidden beneath the discourses of ideologically framed conflicts. These social agents are often dismissed as passive victims to be brought under the influence of for example the state, but are in reality able to subvert, co-opt, constrain or facilitate the forces that are dependent on them for social influence. In the end, it is the modes of mobilisation that emerge as the most crucial factor for understanding the relevant social dynamics.
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M'Bakidi, Honoré-Magloire. "Application de l'analyse monétaire de la balance des paiements au régime de taux de change flottants : le cas de quatre économies sous-développées (Ouganda, Somalie, Zaîre et Zambie)". Clermont-Ferrand 1, 1991. http://www.theses.fr/1991CLF10002.
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Swanepoel, Lehahn Searle. "Positioning in Somali narratives in the Saldanha bay municipality area on the west coast of South Africa". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/17879.
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Thesis (MPhil )--Stellenbosch University, 2011.ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This study is interested in discourses of displacement in which migrants articulate the experience of seeking improved life chances in a community considerably removed from their place of origin. Not only physical and environmental distance, but also distance related to cultural, linguistic and religious differences distinguish the (im)migrants from the local indigenous population, which is already a culturally and linguistically diverse community. This study investigates how histories of displacement and experiences of alienation or integration may be discursively managed among a group of young Somali males aged between 15 and 35 who entered South Africa in their late teens or early twenties. Specifically, this thesis considers how young Somali men who relocated to a rural Western Cape town and make a living through trading, present themselves in English-language narratives elicited during informal interviews. The study was conducted in Vredenburg, the administrative centre and economic hub of the Saldanha Bay Municipal area on the West Coast of South Africa. The data for the study was collected by means of audio recorded interviews. To supplement this data and gain more perspective on the situatedness of the discourses, the researcher further relied on field notes as well as additional informal conversations with the participants. The data was collected over a period of five months in 2007. To analyse the data, the researcher draws on the theoretical frameworks of Labov's structural analysis of narratives and Wodak and Reisigl's (2001) discourse-historical approach, and Bamberg's (1997) narrative constructivist perspective. The research aims to determine (i) how the narrators construct themselves in their narratives, and (ii) how speakers position themselves towards the content of their narratives, and towards their actual and imagined audiences. This study shows that displacement brings about new contexts characterised by uncertainty, conflict and inequalities, and this influences the way narrators orient themselves. The Somali narrators, in interviews conducted in English with a community outsider, position themselves as displaced and marginalised. During their narratives, the participants used several linguistic strategies to present themselves in various ways to actual or imagined audiences, which lead to negative otherpresentation and positive self-presentation and construction of in-group and out-group membership.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie studie fokus op diskoerse van ontworteling waarin migrante hul ervaring verwoord van ’n soeke na beter lewensgeleenthede in ’n gemeenskap ver verwyderd van hul plek van herkoms. Buiten vir die fisiese en omgewingsafstand, is daar ook afstand daargestel deur kulturele, linguistiese en godsdiensverskille, wat die (im)migrante onderskei van die plaaslike bevolking – op sigself ’n kultureel en linguisties diverse gemeenskap. Hierdie studie doen ondersoek na hoe geskiedenisverhale oor ontworteling en ervarings van vervreemding of integrasie diskursief bestuur kan word binne ’n groep jong Somaliese mans van 15 tot 35 jaar wat Suid-Afrika in hul laat tienerjare of vroeë twintigerjare binnegekom het. Die tesis fokus spesifiek op hoe jong Somaliese mans wat na ’n plattelandse Wes-Kaapse dorp migreer het en ’n handelsbestaan voer, hulself voorstel in Engelstalige narratiewe wat ontlok is tydens informele onderhoude. Die studie is gedoen in Vredenburg, die administratiewe en ekonomiese kern van die Saldanhabaai Munisipale Area aan die Weskus van Suid-Afrika. Die data vir die studie is ingesamel deur middel van klankopnames van onderhoude. Ten einde dié data aan te vul en meer perspektief te verkry ten opsigte van die plasing van die diskoerse, het die navorser verder gesteun op veldnotas sowel as bykomende informele gesprekke met die deelnemers. Die data is oor ’n tydperk van vyf maande in 2007 versamel. In die ontleding van die data maak die navorser gebruik van die teoretiese raamwerke van Labov se strukturele analise van narratiewe en Wodak en Reisigl (2001) se diskoers-historiese benadering, asook Bamberg (1997) se narratief-konstruktivistiese perspektief. Die navorsing het ten doel om vas te stel (i) hoe die vertellers hulself in hul narratiewe konstrueer, en (ii) hoe sprekers hulself posisioneer ten opsigte van die inhoud van hul narratiewe en ten opsigte van hul werklike en denkbeeldige gehore. Hierdie studie toon dat ontworteling nuwe kontekste skep wat gekenmerk word deur onsekerheid, konflik en ongelykhede en ’n invloed het op die wyse waarop vertellers hulself orienteer. Tydens onderhoude met ’n gemeenskapsbuitestaander, uitgevoer in Engels, posisioneer die Somaliese vertellers hulself as ontwortel en gemarginaliseer. In hul narratiewe gebruik hulle verskeie linguistiese strategieë om hulself op verskillende maniere voor te stel aan werklike en denkbeeldige gehore wat lei tot ’n negatiewe voorstelling van die Ander, ’n positiewe voorstelling van die Self en die daarstelling van binne- en buite-groep lidmaatskap.
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Ivanochko, Tara S. "Sub-orbital scale variations in the intensity of the Arabian Sea Monsoon". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/760.
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A high-resolution multi-proxy reconstruction of the Arabian Sea Summer Monsoon (ASSM) intensity over the past 90,000 years has been determined using two marine sediment cores: one from the Somali margin and one from the Indian margin. This reconstruction indicates that changes in monsoon- induced upwelling, primary productivity and denitrification have varied in synchrony with Dansgaard-Oeschger (D-O) cycles. Increased monsoon intensity correlates with warm climate events (interstadials) and decreased monsoon intensity, which coincides with stadials and Heinrich Events, is confirmed by elevated dust concentrations in the marine cores. A comparison of the Somali and Indian margin cores with previously reported studies from the Northern and Western Basin allows the identification of discrete sediment signals from the Indus River, the Arabian Peninsula and from local riverine runoff. Sedimentary deposition on the Indian margin during interglacials is dominated by local terrestrial runoff, whereas during glacial periods increased dust input from the Arabian Peninsula is evident. Both signals are related to changes in the intensity of the ASSM. Monsoon intensity has decreased during the Holocene as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) has moved to a more southerly position. The ASSM-ITCZ relationship (increased ASSM intensity and a northern ITCZ, decreased ASSM intensity and a southern ITCZ) has remained consistent over the last glacial cycle suggesting that global millennial scale climatic variability is in part driven by modulations in tropical hydrological cycle. This ASSM reconstruction provides evidence that rearrangements in the tropical convection system affected atmospheric dust concentrations as well as the concentration and location of atmospheric water vapour. In addition to modulating terrestrial and marine emissions of greenhouse gases, variation in the tropical hydrological cycle provides a mechanism of amplifying and perpetuating millennial-scale climatic changes.
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Haider, A. "Géologie de la formation ferrifère précambrienne et du complexe granulitique encaissant de Buur (Sud de la Somalie) : Implications sur l'évolution crustale du socle de Buur". Phd thesis, Institut National Polytechnique de Lorraine - INPL, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00653755.
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Le socle Précambrien du Sud de la Somalie couvre environ 28.000 km 2 . Il forme une pénéplaine située au Nord-Ouest de Mogadisho, la région de Buur. Les affleurements y sont très limités. Ils form ent des inselbergs de gneiss granitiques et le fond de quelques oueds. Environ 98% de la région est ainsi couverte de sédiments détritiques, subactuels de type "red bed". Il faut donc souligner que les données acquises dans le cadre de ce travail sont fondées sur un nombre très limité d'affleurements. Ces affleurements sont constitués 1) d'un complexe de roches méta-ignées et méta-sédimentaires affectées par la migmatisation et 2) d'intrusions granitoides nombreuses. Les métasédiments sont représentés par des quartzites, des marbres, des gneiss calco-silicatés et par une formation ferrifère; cette dernière est un très bon niveau repère à l'échelle régionale. Les données géochimiques indiquent que les roches méta-ignées associées et intercalées dans les métasédiments ont une affinité tholéitique à alcaline quant aux métabasites et calco-alcaline quant aux roches acides et intermédiaires. L'ensemble du complexe est caractérisé par une évolution métamorphique de faciès granulite, suivi par un métamorphisme rétrograde de faciès amphibolite. Ce dernier est accompagné d'une mlgmatisation qui se déroule probablement pendant l'événement Pan-africain. Structuralement, on observe au moins deux phases de plissement. La première * (NW-SE) consiste en des plis isoclinaux serrés qui déforment le litage des couches et probablement synchrones du développement du métamorphisme de faciès granulite. La seconde phase (NE-SW) est représentée par des plis ouverts de grande amplitude. Cette phase de déformation est probablement responsable de la foliation des granitoides. Le complexe granulitique de la région de Buur reprend le matériel d'une zone distensive d'âge probablement Protérozoique inférieur à Archéen. Les phénomènes magmatiques puis métamorphiques observés suggèrent une accrétion crustale. Le chemin P. T. au cours du temps du métamorphisme de faciès granulite montre une évolution en sens inverse des aiguilles d'une montre. De plus, la région étudiée montre une évolution métamorphique et lithostrati graphique qui se rapproche plus de celle du socle de l'Est Gondwana. On notera enfin que le rifting Mésozoique isole la région de Buur du socle africain grâce à des grabens parallèles au système du grand rift de l'Afrique Orientale et au Golfe d'Aden. La région considérée ferait donc la liaison entre la chaîne Mozambicaine et les régions plus orientales de Madagascar, du Dekkan et de Sri - Lanka.
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Andersson, Julia, i Rebecka From. ""Om jag jobbar jag förstår vem jag är och jag är stark" : En fallstudie om somaliskfödda kvinnors upplevelser av förvärvsarbetets effekter på deras vardagsliv och familjeroller i Sverige". Thesis, Högskolan för lärande och kommunikation, Högskolan i Jönköping, HLK, Globala studier, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-36095.
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Den somaliskfödda gruppen beskrivs ofta som den mest svårintegrerade i Sverige med en stor underrepresentation på den svenska arbetsmarknaden. De beskrivs ha traditionella värderingar och könsroller som ofta dikterar arbetsfördelning och funktioner i familjen. Den aktuella studien ämnar undersöka effekten av ett förvärvsarbete för somaliska familjeroller i ett migrationsperspektiv. Genom att jämföra lönearbetande och arbetslösa somaliskfödda kvinnors upplevelser avser studien även belysa förvärvsarbetets betydelse för kvinnans vardagsliv. Uppsatsen bygger på tidigare forskning om de historiska, sociala och transnationella dimensionerna i somaliskt familjeliv och kultur samt teoretiska begrepp såsom rollkonflikt, rollförändring och rollförhandling. En kvalitativ jämförande fallstudie har genomförts, där resultatet baseras på data från semistrukturerade intervjuer. Åtta respondenter deltog i undersökningen, varav fyra var förvärvsarbetande och fyra arbetslösa somaliskfödda kvinnor. Med utgångspunkt från tidigare forskning och samhällsvetenskapens rollteori har resultatet analyserats för att kunna besvara forskningsfrågorna. I resultatet framkommer det att det finns vissa skillnader mellan de båda grupperna. De somaliska familjerna där kvinnorna inte befinner sig i ett förvärvsarbete har en distinkt uppdelning av hushållsarbetet, där kvinnan står för majoriteten av sysslorna. Det är även tydligt att de traditionella somaliska familjerollerna fortfarande vidmakthålls. I de familjer där de somaliskfödda kvinnorna lönearbetar däremot, har de traditionella familjerollerna uppluckrats och lett till en mer jämlik fördelning av hushållsarbetet. Där delar mannen, kvinnan och barnen på ansvaret. Fortsättningsvis framkommer det att de arbetslösa somaliskfödda kvinnorna är mycket angelägna om att ha ett arbete då självständighet från stat och myndigheter är drivkraften. För de lönearbetande kvinnorna framkommer istället ett tydligare fokus på att vara självständig från mannen och kunna bestämma mer i familjeangelägenheter. Resultatet visar även hur samhällets förväntningar på kvinnorna har påverkat deras drivkrafter till att arbeta och sätt att tänka om sin funktion i familjen.Somali-born immigrants are often described as the most difficult group to integrate into Swedish society with an extensive underrepresentation on the Swedish labour market as well as traditional values and gender roles that often dictate the division of labour and functions in the family. This study aims to examine the effects of a job on Somali family roles from a migration perspective. By comparing wage-earning and unemployed Somali-born women's experiences, the study also aspires to elucidate the importance of a job in their everyday life. The essay is based on previous research on the historical, social and transnational dimensions of Somali family life and culture, as well as theoretical concepts such as role conflict, role change and role negotiation. A qualitative comparative case study has been conducted, based on data from semi-structured interviews. Eight respondents participated in the survey – four employed and four unemployed women born in Somalia. The results were then analyzed in the light of previous research and the theoretical concepts. The result shows that there are some interesting differences between the two groups. The Somali families in which the women are unemployed have a distinct division of the household work, where the woman assumes the majority of the workload. Here it is also clear that traditional Somali family roles are still of importance. However, in the families where the Somali-born women have employment, traditional family roles have changed and led to a more even distribution of household work, where the men, women and children share the responsibility. Furthermore, it appears that the unemployed Somali-born women are very keen to have a job, as independence from the state and government is a main driving force. For the wage-earners on the other hand, there is a clearer focus on being independent from the man and being able to be a decision-maker in family matters. The result also illustrates how society's expectations on women influence their driving forces to work and the way they think about their role in the family.
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Hart, M. J. Alexandra. "Action in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome: an Enactive Psycho-phenomenological and Semiotic Analysis of Thirty New Zealand Women's Experiences of Suffering and Recovery". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Social and Political Sciences, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/5294.
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This research into Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS) presents the results of 60 first-person psycho-phenomenological interviews with 30 New Zealand women. The participants were recruited from the Canterbury and Wellington regions, 10 had recovered. Taking a non-dual, non-reductive embodied approach, the phenomenological data was analysed semiotically, using a graph-theoretical cluster analysis to elucidate the large number of resulting categories, and interpreted through the enactive approach to cognitive science.
The initial result of the analysis is a comprehensive exploration of the experience of CFS which develops subject-specific categories of experience and explores the relation of the illness to universal categories of experience, including self, ‘energy’, action, and being-able-to-do.
Transformations of the self surrounding being-able-to-do and not-being-able-to-do were shown to elucidate the illness process.
It is proposed that the concept ‘energy’ in the participants’ discourse is equivalent to the Mahayana Buddhist concept of ‘contact’. This characterises CFS as a breakdown of contact. Narrative content from the recovered interviewees reflects a reestablishment of contact.
The hypothesis that CFS is a disorder of action is investigated in detail.
A general model for the phenomenology and functional architecture of action is proposed. This model is a recursive loop involving felt meaning, contact, action, and perception and appears to be phenomenologically supported.
It is proposed that the CFS illness process is a dynamical decompensation of the subject’s action loop caused by a breakdown in the process of contact.
On this basis, a new interpretation of neurological findings in relation to CFS becomes possible. A neurological phenomenon that correlates with the illness and involves a brain region that has a similar structure to the action model’s recursive loop is identified in previous research results and compared with the action model and the results of this research. This correspondence may identify the brain regions involved in the illness process, which may provide an objective diagnostic test for the condition and approaches to treatment.
The implications of this model for cognitive science and CFS should be investigated through neurophenomenological research since the model stands to shed considerable light on the nature of consciousness, contact and agency.
Phenomenologically based treatments are proposed, along with suggestions for future research on CFS. The research may clarify the diagnostic criteria for CFS and guide management and treatment programmes, particularly multidimensional and interdisciplinary approaches.
Category theory is proposed as a foundation for a mathematisation of phenomenology.
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HE, JIA-XING, i 何佳幸. "The changes in protein composition accompany somatic embryogenesis of banana (Musa AAB)". Thesis, 1989. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/57613399368159753101.
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Samatar, Abdi Ismail. "The state, peasants and pastoralists agrarian change and rural development in northern Somalia, 1884-1984 /". 1985. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/16908174.html.
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Theses (Ph. D.)--University of California, Berkeley, 1985.Typescript. eContent provider-neutral record in process. Description based on print version record. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 274-292).
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Bartoo, Phylis Jepkemboi. "Language change and social networks among Somali refugee teenagers". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10539/8380.
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ABSTRACT
The purpose of this study was to look at the linguistic social integration of Somali refugee teenagers in Eastleigh, a Kenyan suburb, within Nairobi, the capital city. The study gives a descriptive account of the social networks along with domain analysis in order to discuss language change by the teenagers having moved from a monolingual Somali to multilingual Kenya. Most studies in Kenya on refugees are centered on the welfare and livelihoods of refugees excluding language. The thesis delineates the social networks of the Somali teenage refugees in Kenya to establish how they are coping linguistically. The Somalis were chosen because they are the majority amongst all the refugees.
The main research question is: Do the social networks the teenagers make affect their linguistic choices in Kenya and result in language change? The research is based on interviews, questionnaires and observations of thirty (30) research respondents who were selected using snow ball sampling. Social Network theory (Milroy, 1980), Domain analysis (Fishman, 1980) and ideas from the Postructuralists (Woolard, 1985; Heller, 1991 and Norton, 2000) are used to understand and analyze data in relation to: language change, social identity, ethnicity, language and gender and power.
The analysis of the data indicates that the teenagers have dense and multiplex social networks in Eastleigh. The social networks are Kenyan and Somalian based. Such networks have enabled them to retain the Somali language to a large extent and have also acquired other languages which are used in Kenya: English, Kiswahili and in few cases Sheng. Having established that Somali community is patriarchal; such a set-up has not hindered the different genders to use their language in a similar way. The teenagers have devised ways of using language in order to ‘fit in’ the Kenyan linguistic social set. Such strategies include code-switching and multiplicity of identities. The linguistic market, (Bourdieu, 1990) empowers various languages in different domains. It is also clear that the vulnerability of the teenagers as refugees has curtailed their participation in the mainstream teenage subcultures in Kenya.
Based on the findings, the research contributes to the deeper understanding of the refugee linguistic orientations in Kenya. This could inform language policy makers and the government of Kenya on the predicament of the refugees. It could also make known the language problems the teenagers have while in school. Finally, the research is hoped to make an original contribution to the general sociolinguistic theory.
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Wu, Kai-ti, i 武凱蒂. "The Change of the Adult Learners'Self-esteem in the Course of Easy Ballet:From the View of Somatic Fitness". Thesis, 2016. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/05592386944128636443.
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碩士臺北市立大學
舞蹈學系
104
For many people, ballet is a dream in childhood . However, the harsh classical ballet training would make the adults without dance background shrink back. This study aims to design a ballet based for adults and the principles of fitness program - "Easy Ballet". By integrating basic movements of ballet and somatics and somatic fitness, it let adult learners enjoy the health benefits and self-confidence which is brought by ballet. The researd method employed is the action research. The participants are 10 adult students taught by the researcher, and the teaching material is "Easy Ballet Course" designed by the researcher (60 minutes per week for 8 weeks). By class video recording, teaching reflective journals, student learning history and records of observation, the change of the course of the students' self-confidence was analyzed. The study found that: Easy ballet can not only improve the adult learners’awareness about the body and concentration, correcting their posture,but also enhance the motivation in self-discipline. The approach would enhance the sense of accomplishment, self-confidence and the willing to continue learning ballet.
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Corrêa, Sonia A. L., Jurgen Muller, G. L. Collingridge i N. V. Marrion. "Rapid endocytosis provides restricted somatic expression of a K+ channel in central neurons". 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5941.
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NoTrafficking motifs present in the intracellular regions of ion channels affect their subcellular location within neurons. The mechanisms that control trafficking to dendrites of central neurons have been identified, but it is not fully understood how channels are localized to the soma. We have now identified a motif within the calcium-activated potassium channel K(Ca)2.1 (SK1) that results in somatic localization. Transfection of hippocampal neurons with K(Ca)2.1 subunits causes expression of functional channels in only the soma and proximal processes. By contrast, expressed K(Ca)2.3 subunits are located throughout the processes of transfected neurons. Point mutation of K(Ca)2.1 within this novel motif to mimic a sequence present in the C-terminus of K(Ca)2.3 causes expression of K(Ca)2.1 subunits throughout the processes. We also demonstrate that blocking of clathrin-mediated endocytosis causes K(Ca)2.1 subunit expression to mimic that of the mutated subunit. The role of this novel motif is therefore not to directly target trafficking of the channel to subcellular compartments, but to regulate channel location by subjecting it to rapid clathrin-mediated endocytosis.
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Damaris, Peter. "Applying the Care Group Model in relief contexts : case studies in South Sudan and Somalia". Diss., 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/23779.
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Text in EnglishThis study analyses the application of a community based intervention, the Care Group (CG) model, in relief work in Somalia and South Sudan. On the basis of expert interviews and a variety of documents it was researched whether the CG model is applicable to the context mentioned or if adaptations would be necessary. An increase in prolonged crises challenges humanitarian action to adapt relief work to longer-term interventions. The concept of combining the strengths of development cooperation and humanitarian action - Linking Relief, Rehabilitation and Development - is looked at in this study. Furthermore, for example, the asset-based community development approach, humanitarian work and characteristics of a protracted crisis were explored as the theoretical back-ground. The findings and the conclusion of this research may provide inputs for other humanitarian NGOs that are working in chronic conflict situations and being confronted with the need to introduce a long-term method for Behaviour Change Communication.
Development Studies
M.A. (Development Studies)
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Belore, Melanie. ""Young Women Growing Graciously": Considering Sport, Gender and Development in Diasporic Space". Thesis, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/30179.
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This thesis aims to expand our understanding of the relationship between gender, sport and development. Specifically, it asks 1) how a sport, gender and development program is conceptualized and deployed by members of a young Somali-Canadian women’s group in Toronto, Canada and 2) if female participation in sport is thought to contribute to new gender norms, roles and relationships within such a diaspora community. Working within a postcolonial/transnational feminist framework, the thesis utilizes focus group interviews and engages with issues of power, representation and knowledge production. The findings shed light on the influences that have both informed and constrained this particular community initiative, as well as the possibilities and limitations of using sport to negotiate new gender norms, roles
and relationships within the Somali diaspora. In conclusion, several recommendations are made to researchers and practitioners invested in the burgeoning field of international sport for development.
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Odenwald, Michael [Verfasser]. "The use of the stimulant khat, war related trauma and psychosis in Somalia : how changed use patterns of a traditional drug are related to psychiatric problems in a country in the transition from war to peace / Michael Odenwald". 2007. http://d-nb.info/983478139/34.
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