Gotowa bibliografia na temat „SOLID CULTURE MEDIA”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Zobacz listy aktualnych artykułów, książek, rozpraw, streszczeń i innych źródeł naukowych na temat „SOLID CULTURE MEDIA”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "SOLID CULTURE MEDIA"
1
Preac-Mursic, V., B. Wilske i S. Reinhardt. "Culture ofBorrelia burgdorferi on six solid media". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 10, nr 12 (grudzień 1991): 1076–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01984935.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Cha, Wol-Suk, DuBok Choi i Si-Hyung Kang. "Optimization of culture media for solid-state culture ofPleurotus ferulae". Biotechnology and Bioprocess Engineering 9, nr 5 (październik 2004): 369–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf02933059.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Mohapatra, Animesh Kumar, i Priyamvada Pandey. "Fecundity of inbred fruit fly Drosophila melanogaster on different solid culture media: An analysis". Journal of Applied and Natural Science 10, nr 4 (1.12.2018): 1109–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.31018/jans.v10i4.1788.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In the present study, wild-type Drosophila melanogaster collected from stock culture were sub-cultured in three different types of solid culture media (corn, barley and wheat) and control medium for two weeks to produce F1 generation. The duration of larval and pupal development, number of pupal cases and hatched flies were scored for first generation. The results were analyzed by using one-way ANOVA, Bonferroni multiple comparison test and paired sample t-test. The control medium showed no pupal cases and hatched flies. Among all the three solid culture media tested, corn meal, barley meal and wheat meal, the latter showed highly significant results at p?0.001 than others. However, this parameter was not affected by the carbohydrate amount in the media. The present investigation is an attempt to evaluate the influence of different formulated solid culture media on the life span and reproduction of fruit flies.
4
Jahan, Hosne, Kamrul Hasan, Rashida Akter Khanam, Devolina Bhowmik, Mst Naznin Tarana, Soma Sarker i Sharmin Sarwar. "Comparative Study of Solid Culture and Liquid Culture for the Diagnosis of Pulmonary Tuberculosis". Journal of Shaheed Suhrawardy Medical College 11, nr 1 (17.09.2019): 28–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jssmc.v11i1.43175.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Background: Tuberculosis is a highly infectious disease and has the highest burden with it. Diagnosis of tuberculosis in many countries is still dependent on microscopy. For developing countries with a large number of cases and financial constraints, evaluation of rapid and inexpensive diagnostic methods has great importance. Culture of Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex (MtbC) is the accepted reference standard for confirmation of TB infection and is necessary for drug susceptibility testing (DST). There are several methods for culturing MtbC using solid and liquid media. Although solid media has been used for over 100 years, liquid culture media is increasingly being introduced in low and middle income countries (LMIC).
Objective: The purpose of the present study was to compare the efficacy of solid culture and liquid culture in the diagnosis of pulmonary tuberculosis.
Methodology: This cross sectional study was done in the Department of Microbiology at Sir Salimullah Medical College, Dhaka and National Institute of Chest Disease & Hospital (NIDCH), Dhaka during the period of January 2016 to December 2016 for a period of 1(one) year. Sputum samples from suspected MDR-TB patients were collected by purposive sampling technique from OPD of Sir Salimullah Medical College (SSMC) and NIDCH. Microscopy, liquid culture in liquid MGIT 960 media were done for MTB diagnosis.
Result: This study shows the comparison of results of microscopic examination of solid culture and liquid culture (MGIT 960). The liquid MGIT 960 method detected more positive samples than solid culture 68% vs 67%. The mean turnaround time of detection (TTD) of MTB was 34.3±5.2 days for Lowenstein-Jensen media and 17.5±3.8 days for MGIT 960 (p value <0.05). So, liquid culture gave earlier result than solid culture.
Conclusion: Liquid culture more positive result than solid culture under microscope in smear of sputum and also liquid culture gave earlier result than solid culture.
J Shaheed Suhrawardy Med Coll, June 2019, Vol.11(1); 28-31
5
Alo Moses N, Alo Moses N. "Semen Culture: A Comparative Analysis between Solid Media and Liquid Media Supplementation". IOSR Journal of Pharmacy and Biological Sciences 5, nr 5 (2013): 67–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.9790/3008-0556772.
Pełny tekst źródła
6
Xia, H. X., C. T. Keane i C. A. O'Morain. "Culture ofHelicobacter pylori under aerobic conditions on solid media". European Journal of Clinical Microbiology & Infectious Diseases 13, nr 5 (maj 1994): 406–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/bf01971998.
Pełny tekst źródła
7
Merkle, S. A., i H. E. Sommer. "Somatic embryogenesis in tissue cultures of Liriodendrontulipifera". Canadian Journal of Forest Research 16, nr 2 (1.04.1986): 420–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/x86-077.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Tissue cultures of yellow poplar (Liriodendrontulipifera L.) were initiated from immature and mature zygotic embryos. Nodular embryogenic callus developed from a low percentage of the cultures initiated from immature embryos on solid media supplemented with 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid, 6-benzyladenine, and casein hydrolysate. Embryoids differentiated from these culture lines within 1 month following transfer of embryogenic callus to hormone-free solid media. Although most embryoids appeared abnormal, embryoids with well-formed cotyledons and radicles were capable of developing into normal plantlets.
8
Simner, Patricia J., Kelly A. Doerr, Lory K. Steinmetz i Nancy L. Wengenack. "Mycobacterium and Aerobic Actinomycete Culture: Are Two Medium Types and Extended Incubation Times Necessary?" Journal of Clinical Microbiology 54, nr 4 (10.02.2016): 1089–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/jcm.02838-15.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Mycobacterial cultures are historically performed using a liquid medium and a solid agar medium with an incubation period of up to 60 days. We performed a retrospective analysis of 21,494 mycobacterial and aerobic actinomycetes cultures performed over 10 months to determine whether two medium types remain necessary and to investigate whether culture incubation length can be shortened. Specimens were cultured using Bactec MGIT liquid medium and Middlebrook 7H11/S7H11 solid medium with incubation periods of 42 and 60 days, respectively. Time-to-positivity and the identity of isolates recovered from each medium were evaluated. A total of 1,205/21,494 cultures (6%) were positive on at least one medium. Of the 1,353 isolates recovered, 1,110 (82%) were nontuberculous mycobacteria, 145 (11%) were aerobic actinomycetes, and 98 (7%) wereMycobacterium tuberculosiscomplex. Assessing medium types, 1,121 isolates were recovered from solid medium cultures, 922 isolates were recovered from liquid medium cultures, and 690 isolates were recovered on both media. Liquid cultures were positive an average of 10 days before solid cultures when the two medium types were positive (P< 0.0001). Isolates detected on solid medium after 6 weeks of incubation included 65 (5%) nontuberculous mycobacteria, 4 (0.3%) aerobic actinomycetes, and 2 (0.2%) isolates from theM. tuberculosiscomplex. Medical chart review suggested that most of these later-growing isolates were insignificant, as the diagnosis was already known, or they were considered colonizers/contaminants. This study reaffirms the need for both liquid medium and solid medium for mycobacterial and aerobic actinomycetes culture and demonstrates that solid medium incubation times may be reduced to 6 weeks without significantly impacting sensitivity.
9
Sun, M., H. Kieft i AAM van Lammeren. "Cotyledon-derived diploid and haploid protoplast culture and diploid plant regeneration in Brassica napus cv. ' Topas '". Canadian Journal of Botany 76, nr 3 (1.03.1998): 530–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/b98-022.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The present paper describes a simple and reliable protocol for the successful isolation, purification, culture, and regeneration of diploid cotyledon-derived protoplasts of Brassica napus L. cv. 'Topas'. Various protoplast isolation media, nutrient media, subculture procedures, and protoplast sources were tested under two culture temperatures. Protoplast viability, cell wall regeneration, and cell division were monitored. Single cotyledon-derived protoplasts formed calli in liquid protoplast medium, and when these were subcultured on solid proliferation medium and solid regeneration medium of appropriate composition, plants regenerated either by shoot formation or embryogenesis. Continuous culture at 32°C instead of 25°C favoured the initiation of cell division and cell proliferation but prevented regeneration, although calli maintained regeneration capacity. Viable haploid protoplasts were isolated from cotyledons of heat-shock-induced, microspore-derived haploid embryos and from young leaves of secondary embryos that were formed on microspore-derived embryos. Cell divisions were triggered in the two types of haploid protoplast cultures, and microcalli were formed at high frequencies. Differences between haploid and diploid protoplast cultures are discussed.Key words: cotyledon protoplast culture, haploid culture, plant regeneration.
10
Noll, Christine, Azadda Nasruddin-Yekta, Pia Sternisek, Michael Weig, Uwe Groß, Arndt F. Schilling, Frank Timo Beil i Oliver Bader. "Rapid direct detection of pathogens for diagnosis of joint infections by MALDI-TOF MS after liquid enrichment in the BacT/Alert blood culture system". PLOS ONE 15, nr 12 (11.12.2020): e0243790. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0243790.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Pathogen identification is a critical step during diagnosis of infectious diseases. Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption/Ionization Time-Of-Flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF-MS) has become the gold standard for identification of microorganisms cultured on solid media in microbiology laboratories. Direct identification of microbes from liquid specimen, circumventing the need for the additional overnight cultivation step, has been successfully established for blood culture, urine and liquor. Here, we evaluate the ability of MALDI-TOF MS for direct identification of pathogens in synovial fluid after liquid enrichment in BacT/Alert blood culture bottles. Influence of synovial specimen quality on direct species identification with the MALDI BioTyper/Sepsityper was tested with samples inoculated from pretested native synovia with concomitant inoculation of blood or pus, or highly viscous fluid. Here, we achieved >90% concordance with culture on solid medium, and only mixed-species samples posed significant problems. Performance in routine diagnostics was tested prospectively on bottles inoculated by treating physicians on ward. There, we achieved >70% concordance with culture on solid media. The major contributors to test failure were the absence of a measurable mass signal and mixed-specimen samples. The Sepsityper workflow worked well on samples derived from BacT/Alert blood culture bottles inoculated with synovial fluid, giving concordant results to identification from solid media. Host remnant material in the inoculum, such as blood or pus, had no detrimental effect on identification score values of the BioTyper system after processing with the Sepsityper workflow, and neither had the initial viscosity of the synovial sample.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "SOLID CULTURE MEDIA"
1
Albuquerque, Adriana Carvalho de. "Comparative evaluation of methodology automated Bactec Mgit 960 and manual with solid culture media Lowenstein-jensen for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in clinical samples". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=9377.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeiÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel SuperiorTuberculosis (TB) and an infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis that afflicted mankind since antiquity with reports of up to about 5,000 BC Despite the high efficiency of treatment, TB remains a major health problem. In 2011, an estimated 8.7 million incident cases of TB worldwide. Among the main measures for tuberculosis control are early diagnosis and proper treatment of the disease. Thus, the active search should be performed continuously for all healthcare services (primary, secondary and tertiary). The study aimed to evaluate the benefits of automated methodology for the diagnosis of tuberculosis in different clinical specimens in relation to the methodology manual. This is a descriptive study and experimental evaluation of two diagnostic tests (manual and automated) for which several samples were analyzed. The survey was conducted from July to September 2011. The samples were provided by patients of 15 health units of the State, which needed to confirm or culture tuberculosis control. In the 1520 samples, smear, 188 (12.37%) samples were positive and 1,332 (87.63%) negative. In cultures on solid media (LJ), a manual methodology, 254 (16.71%) samples were positive, 1.156 (76.05%) and 110 negative (7.24%) were contaminated. In automated methodology (MGIT), the result was 258 (16.97%) positive, 1,149 (75.59%) and 113 negative contaminated (7.43%). The median time to positivity in the manual method was 31.95 days, with a mean deviation of 15.01 and automated methodology was 16.53 days, with a standard deviation of 12.39. It was possible to demonstrate concordance between the methods and various advantages that automated methodology presents compared to manual in the laboratory routine. Among them is the decreased time to detection of the disease, representing a breakthrough in the initial treatment of patients, which, in the case of TB, may mean to decrease the number of cases, since people no longer be bacillary patients.
A tuberculose (TB) e uma doenÃa infectocontagiosa causada pelo Mycobacterium tuberculosis que aflige a humanidade desde a antiguidade com relatos de ate cerca de 5.000 a.C. Apesar da alta eficiÃncia do tratamento, a TB continua como um grande problema de saÃde. Em 2011, estimou-se 8,7 milhÃes de casos incidentes de TB no mundo todo. Dentre as principais medidas para o controle da tuberculose estÃo o diagnÃstico precoce e o correto tratamento da doenÃa. Desta forma, a busca ativa deve ser realizada permanentemente por todos os serviÃos de saÃde (nÃveis primÃrio, secundÃrio e terciÃrio). O estudo teve como objetivo geral avaliar os benefÃcios da metodologia automatizada no diagnÃstico da tuberculose em diferentes amostras clÃnicas em relaÃÃo à metodologia manual. Trata-se de um estudo descritivo e experimental para avaliaÃÃo de dois testes diagnÃsticos (manual e automatizado) pelos quais diversas amostras foram analisadas. A pesquisa foi realizada no perÃodo de julho a setembro de 2011. As amostras foram fornecidas por pacientes, de 15 Unidades de SaÃde do Estado, que necessitavam de cultura para confirmaÃÃo ou controle da tuberculose. Em 1.520 amostras, na baciloscopia, 188 (12,37%) amostras apresentaram-se positivas e 1.332 (87,63%) negativas. Nas culturas em meio sÃlido (LJ), por metodologia manual, 254 (16,71%) amostras foram positivas, 1.156 (76,05%) negativas e 110 (7,24%) apresentaram contaminaÃÃo. Na metodologia automatizada (MGIT), o resultado foi de 258 (16,97%) positivas, 1.149 (75,59%) negativas e 113 contaminadas (7,43%). A mediana do tempo necessÃrio para positivaÃÃo no mÃtodo manual foi de 31,95 dias, com desvio mÃdio de 15,01 e na metodologia automatizada foi de 16,53 dias, com desvio padrÃo de 12,39. Foi possÃvel demonstrar concordÃncia entre os mÃtodos e diversas vantagens que a metodologia automatizada apresenta em comparaÃÃo a manual na rotina do laboratÃrio. Dentre elas està a diminuiÃÃo do tempo de detecÃÃo da doenÃa, representando um grande avanÃo no inÃcio do tratamento dos pacientes, o que, no caso da TB, pode significar a diminuiÃÃo do nÃmero de casos, jà que pessoas doentes deixariam de ser bacilÃferas
2
Lopes, Isabella de Cenço [UNESP]. "Produção de conídios do fungo entomopatogênico Metarhizium anisopliae em diferentes condições de cultivo e em biorreator de bandeja". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/139445.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Submitted by ISABELLA DE CENÇO LOPES null (isalops@hotmail.com) on 2016-06-07T13:28:42Z
No. of bitstreams: 1
Isabella de Cenço Lopes.pdf: 1272985 bytes, checksum: d8b3e4b5c99f4aa9daba39b329a7c9dd (MD5)Rejected by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br), reason: Solicitamos que realize uma nova submissão seguindo a orientação abaixo: O arquivo submetido está sem a ficha catalográfica. A versão submetida por você é considerada a versão final da dissertação/tese, portanto não poderá ocorrer qualquer alteração em seu conteúdo após a aprovação. Corrija esta informação e realize uma nova submissão contendo o arquivo correto. Agradecemos a compreensão. on 2016-06-08T17:11:23Z (GMT)
Submitted by ISABELLA DE CENÇO LOPES null (isalops@hotmail.com) on 2016-06-09T11:31:06Z No. of bitstreams: 1 Isabella de Cenço Lopes.pdf: 907430 bytes, checksum: fce337e1df2e1a5dfa90bd270c59e5d4 (MD5)
Approved for entry into archive by Ana Paula Grisoto (grisotoana@reitoria.unesp.br) on 2016-06-09T17:59:14Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_ic_me_sjrp.pdf: 907430 bytes, checksum: fce337e1df2e1a5dfa90bd270c59e5d4 (MD5)
Made available in DSpace on 2016-06-09T17:59:14Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 lopes_ic_me_sjrp.pdf: 907430 bytes, checksum: fce337e1df2e1a5dfa90bd270c59e5d4 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2016-05-31
O objetivo deste trabalho foi de aumentar a produção de conídios de Metarhizium anisopliae através de alterações do substrato e das condições de cultivo e produzi-lo em biorreator de bandeja. Os substratos testados foram arroz tipo 1, quirera de arroz e farelo de arroz, sendo o cultivo realizado em embalagens plásticas contendo 10 g de substrato seco. Inicialmente, foi empregado arroz tipo 1 como substrato, variando-se as formas de umidificação no seu preparo, sendo o cultivo realizado em embalagens plásticas contendo 10g de substrato seco. Determinada a condição adequada de umidificação, os substratos arroz tipo 1 e quirera de arroz foram submetidos a diferentes condições de fotoperíodo: escuto contínuo, claro contínuo e escuro e claro alternados. O farelo de arroz foi adicionado a bagaço de cana-de-açúcar de modo a estruturar fisicamente o meio de cultivo. Os melhores resultados foram obtidos com arroz e quirera de arroz. A primeira alternativa de ampliação de escala foi realizada em embalagens plásticas, utilizando arroz tipo 1 e quirera com 500g de substrato seco. A etapa seguinte da ampliação de escala foi em um biorreator de bandeja com aeração realizada sobre a camada de substrato, sendo os testes realizados com arroz tipo 1, e duas espessuras de camada partículas, 2 e 4 cm. Em todos os ensaios, a resposta observada foi a concentração final de conídios. Foi testada ainda a virulência dos conídios produzidos em relação a lagartas de Diatraea flavipennella nas diferentes condições de produção. De acordo com os resultados apresentados, o farelo de arroz não é uma boa opção de substrato devido a sua pouca praticidade de manipulação e a quirera apresentou resultados satisfatórios nos ensaios, podendo ser considerada uma opção viável para utilização industrial devido ao seu baixo custo. O biorreator de bandeja elaborado apresentou bons resultados de produção de conídios em relação a produção em embalagem plástica de maior capacidade com o substrato arroz tipo 1, a qual, no entanto, apresentou produção de esporos inferior à da embalagem de menor capacidade. Os testes de virulência comprovaram a eficiência dos conídios em todos os ensaios com pequenas variações no tempo de mortalidade.
The work targeted the increase of the production of spores of Metarhizium anisopliae through modifications of the substrate and of the cultivation conditions, and produce such spores in a tray bioreactor. Type 1 rice, broken rice and rice bran were tested as substrate, which were cultivated in plastic bags containing 10 g of dry substrate. Alternatives of humidification were tested with type 1 rice. For the best alternative of humidification, type 1 rice and broken rice were submitted to alternatives of different exposures to light, provided by a fluorescent lamp: continuous dark, continuous light, alternation between dark and light. To the bran was added sugar cane bagasse in order to provide physical structure to the culture medium. The best results were obtained with rice and broken rice and the illumination regime does not influence on the spore production. The first attempt of scaling-up the spore production was the use of plastic bags containing 500 g of dry substrate, either rice or broken rice. The next scaling-up step was in a tray bioreactor aerated flowing air parallel to the top of the cultivation medium, using type 1 rice as substrate in two different thickness of medium, 2 and 4 cm. In every experiments, the response variable was the conidia concentration. The virulence against Diatraea flavipennella caterpillars was also tested for spores produced in the different experimental conditions. The results showed that rice bran is not an efficient alternative due to its difficult manipulation, while broken rice produce conidia concentration similar to type 1 rice and can be considered a cheap alternative for industrial production of spores. The tray bioreactor presented similar results to the large capacity plastic bags, which presented lower conidia concentrations than the small capacity container. The virulence experiments showed high efficiency of the conidia in all tested samples, with little variation in the time of lethality.
3
MONIKA. "ROOT ENHANCEMENT IN CHLOROPHYTUM BORIVILIANUM USING SOLID AND LIQUID CULTURE MEDIA". Thesis, 2016. http://dspace.dtu.ac.in:8080/jspui/handle/repository/14832.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Chlorophytum borivilianum has been known for the medicinal uses of its roots. Roots contain many constituents which can helps in curing diseases like cancer, male sterility, diabetes, physical weakness, post natal problems etc. but the species is endangered due to lack of propagating conditions in nature. Its roots are valuable in pharmaceutical industries as well as it can also leads to economic growth because to its high demand in the world market. Plant tissue culture is the biotechnological area that can promise its large scale propagation and helps to meet the ever growing demand. We have tried full strength MS media with different PGRs in both solid and liquid media. Activated charcoal was used as a supplement in the media. It has found that full strength liquid MS media with charcoal added gives out the best results as the rooting media in a short time period as compared to other media composition. The liquid media with 250 mg/l activated charcoal containing 0.8 mg/l NAA and 1 mg/l IAA shows the best result for rooting. While in shooting MS media containing 3 mg/l BAP without AC gives the best result. However solid media containing AC show no appreciable result.
4
Yang, Ruei-Mei, i 楊瑞玫. "Study of growth difference of Antrodia cinnamomea on various solid-state culture media". Thesis, 2011. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/35512968651972350899.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
碩士國立東華大學
生命科學系
99
Antrodia cinnamomea is a endemic fungal species in Taiwan which only parasitizes inside the decayed heart wood of Cinnamonum kanehirae. Recent researches indicated that A. cinnamomea extractions had the medicinal effects in anti-cancer, anti-inflammation, anti-hypertension, anti-oxidation and diabetes mellitus. A. cinnamomea has, therefore, become the target of illegal harvesting due to its low production and high price. This study characterized four strains of A. cinnamomea based on 18S rRNA gene sequencing. These four different strains of A. cinnamomea were cultured on solid-state cultivate media with adjusted major ingredients and reduced nutrients in a dark environment at room temperature for 8 weeks. Moreover, cDNA’s were isolated from inner mycelia, middle mycelia and outer mycelia (or fruiting body) of A. cinnamomea. Those cDNA’s were later used in real-time PCR to analyze the relative abundance of aging genes, cytochrome P450, glutathione-S-transferase, peroxiredoxin and manganese superoxide dismutase. The results showed that the four strains of A. cinnamomea carried the same 18S rRNA gene sequencing as the strain BCRC35398 from the Food Industry Research and Development Institute, inticating that they were A. cinnamomea. In the experiments of adjusting major ingredients and reducing nutrients of various solid-state cultivate media, we found that when strains were cultivated in suitable conditions, they grew into mycelia form, changing color and forming primordia. However, they did not carry the porous morphological characteristics. This result reveals the capacity of forming the fruiting body of A. cinnamomea varies differently among different strains. In the experiment of real time PCR, two of the four genes analyzed, cytochrome P450 and glutathione-S-transferase show increased expression levels during fruitification. Suggesting that this two genes play an important role in the formation of fruiting body.
Książki na temat "SOLID CULTURE MEDIA"
1
W, Doelle H., Mitchell David A i Rolz Carlos, red. Solid substrate cultivation. London: Elsevier Applied Science, 1992.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
2
Stewart, Jeremie R. The recovery of thiobacillus ferrooxidans on different solid culture media. Sudbury, Ont: Laurentian University, Department of Biology, 2000.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
3
Gray, Jonathan. Show sold separately: Promos, spoilers, and other media paratexts. New York: New York University Press, 2010.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
4
Cielo e soldi: Il giornalismo culturale tra pratica e teoria. Fano (PU): Aras edizioni, 2019.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
5
Show sold separately: Promos, spoilers, and other media paratexts. New York: New York University Press, 2009.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
6
Seiter, Ellen. Sold Separately: Children and Parents in Consumer Culture (Communications, Media, and Culture). Rutgers University Press, 1995.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
7
Gray, Jonathan. Show Sold Separately: Promos, Spoilers, and Other Media Paratexts. New York University Press, 2010.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródła
8
Gibbons, William. Unlimited Replays. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780190265250.001.0001.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This book explores the intersections of values and meanings in two types of replay: where video games meet classical music, and vice versa. From the bleeps and bloops of 1980s arcades to the world’s most prestigious concert halls, classical music and video games have a long history together. Medieval chant, classical symphonies, postminimalist film scores, and everything in between fill the soundtracks of many video games, while world-renowned orchestras frequently perform concerts of game music to sold-out audiences. Yet combining video games and classical music also presents a challenge to traditional cultural values around these media products. Classical music is frequently understood as high art, insulated from the whims of popular culture; video games, by contrast, are often regarded as pure entertainment, fundamentally incapable of crossing over into art. By delving into the shifting and often contradictory cultural meanings that emerge when classical music meets video games, Unlimited Replays offers a new perspective on the possibilities and challenges of art in contemporary society.
9
Volpicelli, Robert. Transatlantic Modernism and the US Lecture Tour. Oxford University Press, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780192893383.001.0001.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Transatlantic Modernism and the US Lecture Tour examines how the US lecture tour served as a vital infrastructure for bringing regional audiences from all across America into direct contact with international modernists. In doing so, the book reroutes scholarly understandings of modernism away from the magazines and other mass media that have so far characterized its circulation and toward the unique form of cultural distribution that coalesced around public lecturing. More specifically, it highlights the role the lecture circuit played in the formation of transatlantic modernism by following a diverse group of international authors—Oscar Wilde, W. B. Yeats, Rabindranath Tagore, Gertrude Stein, and W. H. Auden—on their wide-ranging tours through the American landscape. By analyzing these tours, this study illuminates how this extremely physical form of literary circulation transformed authors into commodities to be sold in a variety of performance venues. Moreover, it shows how these writers responded to such broad distribution by stretching their own ideas about modernist authorship. In this way, Transatlantic Modernism and the US Lecture Tour adds to a critical tradition of revealing the popular dimensions of modernism by demonstrating how the tour’s social diversity forced modernists to take on new, more flexible forms of self-presentation that would allow them to appeal to many different types of audiences.
Części książek na temat "SOLID CULTURE MEDIA"
1
Suárez, Norma, i Esther Texeira. "Optimal Conditions for Streptococcus pneumoniae Culture: In Solid and Liquid Media". W Methods in Molecular Biology, 3–10. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4939-9199-0_1.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Ohsaki, K., S. Yamada, H. Fuse, T. Motegi, G. Kawai i Y. Fukushima. "Manufacturing of Solid Culture Media in film Bags for Shiitake Cultivation". W Developments in Food Engineering, 525–27. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4615-2674-2_168.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Abu Hassan, Affrida, Norazlina Noordin, Zaiton Ahmad, Mustapha Akil, Faiz Ahmad i Rusli Ibrahim. "Protocol for Mass Propagation of Plants Using a Low-Cost Bioreactor". W Efficient Screening Techniques to Identify Mutants with TR4 Resistance in Banana, 177–87. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-64915-2_11.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
AbstractConventional in vitro mass propagation methods are labour-intensive, costly and have a low degree of automation. Bioreactor or automated growth vessel systems using liquid media were developed to overcome these problems. The use of liquid instead of solid culture medium for plant micropropagation offers better access to medium components and scalability through automation. However, the cost of setting up a bioreactor system is one of its disadvantages as such systems are expensive with limited number of manufacturers. A low-cost bioreactor system was set up using recycled, low biodegradable plastic bottles. This low-cost bioreactor, based on temporary immersion principle, has proven to be effective as a vessel for rapid plant propagation. It is designed to reduce the production cost of plant micropropagation. This chapter explains the step-by-step methods for setting up a low-cost bioreactor for banana seedling production. This low-cost bioreactor system has the potential to be adapted for large scale in vitro cultivation of the plant seedlings.
4
Blanc, P. J., M. O. Loret i G. Goma. "Pigments and citrinin production during cultures of Monascus in liquid and solid media". W Advances in Solid State Fermentation, 393–406. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1997. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-0661-2_32.
Pełny tekst źródła
5
Nichols, Mike. "Advances in soilless culture strawberry production". W Burleigh Dodds Series in Agricultural Science, 381–400. Burleigh Dodds Science Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.19103/as.2020.0076.17.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The majority of strawberries produced in the world are grown in the open field, and only in the past 50 years has protected cropping become established as a commercially viable system. Soilless culture (hydroponics) is an important component of this form of intensive production because it enables the strawberry crop to be grown above the ground (table top system) which can provides an improved root environment, nutrition and irrigation and at the same time easier fruit harvesting. Solid media systems predominate over liquid based systems with peat and coir being the most popular media. Future production appears to be increasingly towards year round production by the improved control of the plant environment, combined with reducing harvesting costs by robotic harvesting.
6
Emmanuella Bulya, Torkwase, Tatiana V. Glukhareva i Elena G. Kovaleva. "Obtaining Cell Cultures of Medicinal Plants". W Recent Research and Advances in Soilless Culture. IntechOpen, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.104650.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In vitro propagation of medicinal plants has been incorporated into producing healthy plants that are beneficial to humanity. Some basic principles and factors tend to influence the cultivation process, thus, causing this method of plant propagation to be adapted owing to the importance and benefits surrounding this method. The main objective of this research work was to obtain cell cultures of medicinal plants of Cichorium intybus, Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni, Monarda citriodora, and Rhodiola krylovii. In obtaining the cell cultures of these medicinal plants, some steps need to be followed. In this research, the effect of different methods of sterilisation/cultivation of plant seeds and explants were evaluated using two different media compositions, observable differences between sterile and non-sterile plant seedlings of C. intybus, Monarda citriodora, and Rhodiola krylovii. The effect of growth regulator (Kinetin) and non-growth regulator (Kinetin) on the cell cultures was observed in solid and liquid media; the dry and wet weight was determined for a callus of Chicory grown in cell suspension culture. All results were presented on tables and charts.
7
Tangolar, Serpil, Semih Tangolar, Metin Turan, Mikail Atalan i Melike Ada. "The Effects of Different Substrates with Chemical and Organic Fertilizer Applications on Vitamins, Mineral, and Amino Acid Content of Grape Berries from Soilless Culture". W Soilless Culture [Working Title]. IntechOpen, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.102345.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Due to its advantages, soilless cultivation has been used for both early- and late-maturing grape varieties. High nutritional and energy value is one of the strongest features that make the grape an effective component of agriculture and the human diet. Therefore, it was thought that it would be useful to determine the nutrient content of the berries in a soilless culture study carried out on the Early Cardinal grape variety. One-year-old vines were trained to a guyot system and grown in 32-liter plastic pots containing four different solid growing media, namely, zeolite, cocopeat, and zeolite+cocopeat (Z + C) (1:1 and 1:2, v:v). A total of three different nutrient solutions (Hoagland, Hoagland A (adapted to the vine) and organic liquid worm fertilizer (OLWF)) were applied to the plants. Grapevines were given different solutions starting from the bud burst. Z + C (1:1) substrate mixture giving the highest values of 14 amino acids, vitamins, and most macro- and microelements. Hoagland and Modified Hoagland nutrient solutions mostly gave higher values than OLWF for the properties studied. In general, it was observed that there were no significant losses in terms of mineral, vitamin, and amino acid composition in soilless grape cultivation.
8
Jain, Sapna, M. Afshar Alam i Niloufer Adil Kazmi. "Psychological Impact and Assessment of Youth for the Use of Social Network". W Research Anthology on Usage, Identity, and Impact of Social Media on Society and Culture, 159–97. IGI Global, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-6307-9.ch010.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This chapter dissects the effect of online life on each youngster in both the negative and positive bearing of their development utilizing the social impact hypothesis. Reliance of youth via web-based networking media has both negative and beneficial outcomes. This hypothesis portrays social effect concerning social power handle that encroach upon us, pushing us to think or keep thinking about a specific goal. These social powers have been stood out from physical powers that control the transmission of light, solid, gravity, interest, and so forth. The discoveries uncovered that the utilization of internet-based life impacts adolescent conduct when contrasted with positive aspects. This study shows a connection among contradictory and imaginative qualities of online life and displays roads for future investigations by encouraging a superior comprehension of electronic interpersonal organization use. In the chapter, the social effect felt by a person as a component of the quality, instantaneousness, and number of source people is exhibited and examined.
9
"Investigation of Microbe-Metal Interactions: A study on the Effect of Biofilm Communities from Seafood Waste on Aluminium Alloy". W Prospective Research and Technological Advancements in Food and Health Sciences, 298–330. Skyfox Publishing Group, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22573/spg.023.978-93-90357-07-9/10.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Biofilms imply major challenges for the food industry because the microbial biofilms form on various surfaces, including plastic, rubber, glass, metal alloys, and even on food products, within a few minutes, followed by mature biofilms developing within a few days. It can cause damage to the water distribution system, foul the equipment, and contaminate products and food. To understand microbe-metal interactions, this research has been carried out to give new perspectives on creating biofilm-free food processing systems using microorganisms from seafood waste. In this study, aluminium (Al) metal alloys were submerged in solid and liquid seafood waste for 15 days, and the amount of biofilm formation was assessed at every 5 days interval. SEM and confocal fluorescent microscopy were used to analyze and characterise biofilm impact on the Al alloys. Ninety-six strains were isolated from meat waste through pure culture technique using selective media. Further, from the meat waste immersed in aluminium alloys, after 5 days a total of 25 biofilm-forming bacterial strains were isolated and partially identified, and the EPS production was also determined. Further research is required to address the control of biofilm formation.
10
Yegen, Ceren. "Digitalization of Labor". W Advances in Media, Entertainment, and the Arts, 234–50. IGI Global, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/978-1-5225-5357-1.ch012.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The digital culture created by the new media shows itself in most of today's everyday life practices. Displacing the social structure, the digital culture also led to the digitalization of labor. In fact, while many products can be sold through Instagram today in Turkey, there are lots of accounts (pages) where handmade products (blankets, baby clothes, bags, pencil cases, etc.) are sold and many women who contribute to family budget, as well. Thus, the subject of this research is to study the knitting accounts which belong to the women making sales through Instagram. That way, it has been aimed to understand that how labor becomes digitalized by Instagram. The accounts which are making sales through Instagram and will be studied in the research are as follows: orgu.battaniyemmm, bebek_orgu_evi, and orgu_sepeti. Within the scope of this research, semi-structured in-depth interviews will be made with the owners of mentioned accounts, and through these accounts, it will be revealed that how digital culture makes labor a commodity and how digitalizes it.
Streszczenia konferencji na temat "SOLID CULTURE MEDIA"
1
Guillemot, Mathilde, Rony Midahuen, Delpine Archeny, Corine Fulchiron, Regis Montvernay, Guillaume Perrin i Denis F. Leroux. "Hyperspectral imaging for presumptive identification of bacterial colonies on solid chromogenic culture media". W SPIE Photonics Europe, redaktorzy Jürgen Popp, Valery V. Tuchin, Dennis L. Matthews i Francesco S. Pavone. SPIE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1117/12.2229761.
Pełny tekst źródła
2
Yang, Y. J., Y. F. Mao, X. F. Zhu, K. S. Shin, C. O. Chui i P. Y. Chiou. "Single cell manipulation in cell culture media with Self-Locking Optoelectronic Tweezers across a large area". W TRANSDUCERS 2015 - 2015 18th International Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems Conference. IEEE, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers.2015.7181008.
Pełny tekst źródła
3
Samoilova, Anastasia, Alla Rudakova, Irina Vasilyeva, Vadim Testov i Anna Panova. "Pharmacoeconomic aspects of drug susceptibility testing of M. tuberculosis using automated liquid culture systems and solid media". W ERS International Congress 2017 abstracts. European Respiratory Society, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1183/1393003.congress-2017.pa2746.
Pełny tekst źródła
4
Kim, Dong-Su, Yong Whan Choi, Mansoo Choi, Eung-Sam Kim, Bong-Kee Lee i Dong-Weon Lee. "PDMS-Encapsulated Crack Sensor Integrated with Silicon Rubber Cantilever for Use in Cell Culture Media". W 2019 20th International Conference on Solid-State Sensors, Actuators and Microsystems & Eurosensors XXXIII (TRANSDUCERS & EUROSENSORS XXXIII). IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/transducers.2019.8808345.
Pełny tekst źródła
5
Constantinescu, Rodica Roxana, Mariana Ferdes, Madalina Ignat, Ciprian Chelaru, Ana-Maria Ciobanu i Denis-Andrei Drusan. "Isolation and Characterization of Bacterial Protease Enzyme of Leather Waste". W The 9th International Conference on Advanced Materials and Systems. INCDTP - Leather and Footwear Research Institute (ICPI), Bucharest, Romania, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.24264/icams-2022.ii.6.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The objectives of this study were to isolate and characterize bacteria which produced protease enzyme from tannery solid waste. A solid leather waste sample was used for bacterial isolation, taken from different waste warehouses (solid waste in unhairing phase). Several bacterial strains were isolated from the cultures in Petri dishes, after the growth of the colonies. These strains were characterized in terms of the production of proteolytic enzymes, by a method of screening on the media with casein, which allows the determination of proteolytic indices of microorganisms, the colony diameter, diameter of clear zone, proteolytic index, and enzymatic activities characterization on difference of pH and temperature.
6
Nakanishi, Y., M. Kobayashi, M. Sasaki i S. Kumagai. "A micro through-hole chip device for analyzing plasma-irradiation effects on proliferation of cells cultured in liquid media". W 2017 International Conference on Solid State Devices and Materials. The Japan Society of Applied Physics, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.7567/ssdm.2017.f-4-02.
Pełny tekst źródła
7
Catelly, Yolandamirela. "INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY IN THE LANGUAGE CLASS-LEARNING BY LAUGHING, WITH MEMES UNDER FOCUS". W eLSE 2019. Carol I National Defence University Publishing House, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.12753/2066-026x-19-074.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
In the contemporary society worldwide, with a dramatic change of mentality among the young generations, particularly starting from the so-called Millennials, amendments to the traditional approaches and new innovative forms of education to be designed and implemented stand as the real challenge for the teachers of any discipline, in order to provide solid support to the learners, thus contributing to their courses efficiency and to the trainees' learning success. At the trainer's disposal there are today a plethora of e-learning means, with proven impact in augmenting effectiveness of the instructional process at all levels. Therefore, in the educational setting presented here, viz. engineering students reading Computer Science at bachelor level, with English as the medium of tuition, within the English for Science and Technology - EST course, the foreign language teacher, in search for variety, novelty and successful exploitation of humour and creativity in the language class, on the basis of some new and quite popular IT 'tools', has designed and taught a cycle of activities focusing on image macros, more generically labelled as memes. Thus, the paper is meant as a strong plea for encouraging learning by setting creativity, fun and avoidance of monotony elements in the lesson. Moreover, the linguistic aspects, as well as those culture-related, are also of significance, since, in order to create memes, besides the technical skills which are compulsory, one really needs a substantial array of softer skills, such as good command of the target language, sensitivity regarding cultural differences and, last but certainly not least, a great sense of humour. Hence, the approach proposed here hypothesises that, by embedding a cycle of tasks focused on designing and discussing about such a new and popular form of social media, having multiple functions and often becoming a viral vehicle for communication, of the marketing type for instance, or for spreading opinions among the masses, the repertory of (transferable) hard and soft skills alike of the students/would-be engineers will develop, together with their chances of employability on an ever more demanding job market (inter)nationally. Consequently, the aim of the paper is a multiple one, i.e. to: (i) encourage the students to make use of their technical skills in IT, but in an original manner - by creating memes, necessarily combining them with the linguistic and even creative writing skills, which could turn into a real asset for them as future specialists, required to advertise for the products they manufacture or to socialize in professional environments; (ii) design authentic tasks that are different from the usual, sometimes repetitive, ones the learners are used to, as such activities are based, apart from the learners' technical knowledge, on the intelligent thought-provoking and laughter-generating use of the foreign language. The eclectic, communicative core approach task package is described, and the pedagogic rationale is given for the manner of sequencing them.
8
Seymour, Kate, María Vicente, Betlem Alapont i Christa Molenaar. "INNOVATIVE APPROACHES FOR THE RE-INTEGRATION OF FIFTEENTH-CENTURY SPANISH PANEL PAINTINGS". W RECH6 - 6th International Meeting on Retouching of Cultural Heritage. València: Editorial Universitat Politècnica de València, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/rech6.2021.13516.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
The Suermondt-Ludwig Museum (Aachen) holds five Spanish fifteenth-century panel paintings in their collection. The five panels are all fragments, likely removed from their original settings at the turn of the nineteenth century during the upheaval of the Napoleonic Wars and sold on the art market after extensive restoration. Three of these five panels have been already treated at SRAL. The additional two will undergo a full conservation campaign in the coming year carried out in collaboration with conservation students from the University of Amsterdam and conservation training programmes in Spain. A treatment protocol was devised to ensure a systematic and sympathetic treatment, including reintegration. This provided key skill development for the trainee conservators. The removal of non-original surface materials revealed overcleaned and severely damaged surfaces. The integration of these surfaces required an innovative approach to return a sense of authenticity to the artworks, individually and as a disparate group. The subtle shift in gloss and texture between areas of paint and gilding, between different pigments bound in animal glue, egg tempera, and oleo-resinous glazes had been lost. The selection of conservation materials for infilling and retouching aimed to return this ephemeral play on light to the surfaces. This paper will discuss this innovative approach using the reintegration of one of the set of five panel paintings: the “Adoration of the Kings” (Inventory number: GK 243) as a case study. The materials were carefully chosen so as not to be mistaken for original materials in the future. The approach entailed thinking out of the box and approaching the filling and retouching stages simultaneously rather than as independent actions. This allowed a more holistic strategy to reintegration than if all losses were filled first prior to retouching. The filling materials utilised are based on a studio formulation consisting of a novel combination: Arbocel 500 (cellulose fibres) bound in a mixture of Aquazol 500 (poly(2-ethyl-2-oxazoline)) and Methocel A4M (methylcellulose) bound in water. This mixture was used to fill deeper losses and modified with aluminium hydroxide powder to create a surface fill. The protocol used began with testing of the materials to find the right formulation; adaptations for the typology of fill were incorporated into this design. The filler formulation is modified to best adapt to the specific losses in each area of each panel. The decision not to re-varnish the panels allowed filling and retouching to be carried out simultaneously and the different gloss surfaces of individual paint areas to be imitated by modifying the amount of retouching binding media (Aquazol 200 dissolved in ethanol/water). The resulting appearance allows different colour and surface finishes to retain their independent characteristics and returns a more authentic surface finish to the fifteenth-century artworks.
9
Guo, X. Edward, Erica Takai, Kai Liu i Xiaodong Wang. "An Exploration of Cell Stress and Deformation Under Shear Flow". W ASME 2001 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2001/bed-23160.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Abstract The biological response of bone cells (osteoblasts and/or osteocytes) to mechanical loading is an important basic science topic in the mechanism of mechano-signal transduction in bone adaptation to mechanical loading. The characterization of this mechanism of signal transduction is crucial in the understanding of the etiology of age-related bone loss, bone loss during space flight and the optimal design of implants for total joint replacements. It has been hypothesized that deformation-generated fluid shear stress is one of the major mechanical stimuli that bone cells respond to. Many in vitro experiments utilize a parallel-plate flow chamber by imposing fluid shear stress on cultured osteoblasts. For example, changes in intracellular Ca++ levels and mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) phosphorylation has been quantified in response to applied shear flow [1,2]. In these studies, the flow shear stress at the wall of the flow chamber τ wall = 6 μ Q w h 2 , where Q is the volumetric flow rate, w and h are the width and height of the flow chamber, respectively, and μ is the media viscosity. However, this wall shear stress may not indicate the actual stress state which bone cells experience, which depends on the details of the flow-cell interaction, including the mechanical properties of the cell, the attachment condition of the cell to the wall as well as the cell density. In order to obtain a quantitative relationship between the biological response of bone cells to applied shear flow, it is necessary to quantify in detail the flow-cell interaction in a typical shear flow experiment. The objective of this study was to quantify the shear stress within the cell under applied shear flow, incorporating fully coupled flow and solid deformation analyses using the finite element technique. Specifically, we examined the influence of the elastic modulus of the cell and the spacing distance between cells on the shear stress within the cell.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "SOLID CULTURE MEDIA"
1
Borch, Thomas, Yitzhak Hadar i Tamara Polubesova. Environmental fate of antiepileptic drugs and their metabolites: Biodegradation, complexation, and photodegradation. United States Department of Agriculture, styczeń 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.32747/2012.7597927.bard.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Many pharmaceutical compounds are active at very low doses, and a portion of them regularly enters municipal sewage systems and wastewater-treatment plants following use, where they often do not fully degrade. Two such compounds, CBZ and LTG, have been detected in wastewater effluents, surface waters, drinking water, and irrigation water, where they pose a risk to the environment and the food supply. These compounds are expected to interact with organic matter in the environment, but little is known about the effect of such interactions on their environmental fate and transport. The original objectives of our research, as defined in the approved proposal, were to: Determine the rates, mechanisms and products of photodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites in waters exposed to near UV light, and the influence of DOM type and binding processes on photodegradation. Determine the potential and pathways for biodegradation of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites using a white rot fungus (Pleurotusostreatus) and ADP, and reveal the effect of DOM complexation on these processes. Reveal the major mechanisms of binding of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to DOM and soil in the presence of DOM, and evaluate the effect of this binding on their photodegradation and/or biodegradation. We determined that LTG undergoes relatively slow photodegradation when exposed to UV light, and that pH affects each of LTG’s ability to absorb UV light, the efficiency of the resulting reaction, and the identities of LTG’sphotoproducts (t½ = 230 to 500 h during summer at latitude 40 °N). We observed that LTG’sphotodegradation is enhanced in the presence of DOM, and hypothesized that LTG undergoes direct reactions with DOM components through nucleophilic substitution reactions. In combination, these data suggest that LTG’s fate and transport in surface waters are controlled by environmental conditions that vary with time and location, potentially affecting the environment and irrigation waters. We determined that P. ostreatusgrows faster in a rich liquid medium (glucose peptone) than on a natural lignocellulosic substrate (cotton stalks) under SSF conditions, but that the overall CBZ removal rate was similar in both media. Different and more varied transformation products formed in the solid state culture, and we hypothesized that CBZ degradation would proceed further when P. ostreatusand the ᵉⁿᶻʸᵐᵃᵗⁱᶜ ᵖʳᵒᶠⁱˡᵉ ʷᵉʳᵉ ᵗᵘⁿᵉᵈ ᵗᵒ ˡⁱᵍⁿⁱⁿ ᵈᵉᵍʳᵃᵈᵃᵗⁱᵒⁿ. ᵂᵉ ᵒᵇˢᵉʳᵛᵉᵈ ¹⁴C⁻Cᴼ2 ʳᵉˡᵉᵃˢᵉ ʷʰᵉⁿ ¹⁴C⁻ᶜᵃʳᵇᵒⁿʸˡ⁻ labeled CBZ was used as the substrate in the solid state culture (17.4% of the initial radioactivity after 63 days of incubation), but could not conclude that mineralization had occurred. In comparison, we determined that LTG does not degrade in agricultural soils irrigated with treated wastewater, but that P. ostreatusremoves up to 70% of LTG in a glucose peptone medium. We detected various metabolites, including N-oxides and glycosides, but are still working to determine the degradation pathway. In combination, these data suggest that P. ostreatuscould be an innovative and effective tool for CBZ and LTG remediation in the environment and in wastewater used for irrigation. In batch experiments, we determined that the sorption of LTG, CBZ and selected metabolites to agricultural soils was governed mainly by SOM levels. In lysimeter experiments, we also observed LTG and CBZ accumulation in top soil layers enriched with organic matter. However, we detected CBZ and one of its metabolites in rain-fed wheat previously irrigated with treated wastewater, suggesting that their sorption was reversible, and indicating the potential for plant uptake and leaching. Finally, we used macroscale analyses (including adsorption/desorption trials and resin-based separations) with molecular- level characterization by FT-ICR MS to demonstrate the adsorptive fractionation of DOM from composted biosolids by mineral soil. This suggests that changes in soil and organic matter types will influence the extent of LTG and CBZ sorption to agricultural soils, as well as the potential for plant uptake and leaching.
2
Cameroon: Peer education and youth-friendly media reduce risky sexual behavior. Population Council, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/rh2003.1009.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
Cameroonian researchers at the Institute of Behavioral Studies and Research (IRESCO), with support from FRONTIERS, conducted an operations research project between 2000 and 2002 to assess strategies to encourage abstinence, increase contraceptive use, and reduce sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates among sexually active youth. The intervention combined peer-education strategies with media campaigns to promote healthy behavior among youth in the Mokolo neighborhood of Yaoundé. IRESCO trained 49 peer educators aged 19–25 in reproductive health (RH) communication strategies. The team coordinated educational talks, counseling sessions, conferences, and cultural and athletic events; produced comic books and brochures; and sold French and English editions of Among Youth magazine, featuring celebrity interviews and information on RH, unwanted pregnancy, and STI transmission. IRESCO evaluated the intervention’s impact through baseline and endline surveys of 2,500 youth in Mokolo and the control site, New Bell, in Douala. This brief concludes that urban youth in Cameroon are knowledgeable about HIV/AIDS and the risks of early pregnancy, but their behavior often fails to reflect their knowledge. Peer-education programs targeting youth through one-on-one counseling, theatrical performances, youth magazines, and sporting events increases abstinence and fidelity and improves consistent and correct condom use.