Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Solar aided thermal power plants

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Solar aided thermal power plants”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Solar aided thermal power plants"

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Zhai, Rongrong, Yongping Yang, Yong Zhu i Denggao Chen. "The Evaluation of Solar Contribution in Solar Aided Coal-Fired Power Plant". International Journal of Photoenergy 2013 (2013): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/197913.

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Solar aided coal-fired power plants utilize various types of solar thermal energy for coupling coal-fired power plants by using the characteristics of various thermal needs of the plants. In this way, the costly thermal storage system and power generating system will be unnecessary while the intermittent and unsteady way of power generation will be avoided. Moreover, the large-scale utilization of solar thermal power and the energy-saving aim of power plants will be realized. The contribution evaluating system of solar thermal power needs to be explored. This paper deals with the evaluation method of solar contribution based on the second law of thermodynamics and the principle of thermoeconomics with a case of 600 MW solar aided coal-fired power plant. In this study, the feasibility of the method has been carried out. The contribution of this paper is not only to determine the proportion of solar energy in overall electric power, but also to assign the individual cost components involving solar energy. Therefore, this study will supply the theoretical reference for the future research of evaluation methods and new energy resource subsidy.
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Yan, Qin, Eric Hu, Yongping Yang i Rongrong Zhai. "Evaluation of solar aided thermal power generation with various power plants". International Journal of Energy Research 35, nr 10 (26.07.2010): 909–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1002/er.1748.

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Wang, Meng Jiao, Hong Juan Hou i Yong Ping Yang. "Theoretical Study of Solar Energy Aided Auxiliary Steam System". Applied Mechanics and Materials 654 (październik 2014): 105–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.654.105.

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This paper proposed using solar energy as the auxiliary heat source of coal-fired power plants’ auxiliary steam system based on the current status of the coal-fired power generation and solar energy utilization. Taking a 600MW coal-fired power unit as an example to analysis, it is shown that the thermal performance of the integrated system is improved and the coal consumption rate declines, which radically reduces power plants’ emissions of greenhouse gas and pollutants.
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Suresh, M. V. J. J., K. S. Reddy i Ajit Kumar Kolar. "4-E (Energy, Exergy, Environment, and Economic) analysis of solar thermal aided coal-fired power plants". Energy for Sustainable Development 14, nr 4 (grudzień 2010): 267–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.esd.2010.09.002.

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Khavanov, Pavel Aleksandrovich, i Anatoliy Sergeevich Chulenyov. "Autonomous solar plants for heat supply". Agrarian Scientific Journal, nr 4 (20.04.2022): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i4pp99-102.

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Energy saving in small-scale thermal power engineering is aimed at increasing the efficiency of using fossil energy carriers, electricity and, possibly, their wider replacement with alternative sources in the housing and communal complex. The practical use of solar installations, both photovoltaic and directly water heating, has found widespread use, at the same time, the peculiarities of the introduction of these installations are due to the climatic and technical conditions of their use. For countries located in climatic zones with relatively cold climates, the development of water heating installations is most rational when they are used seasonally. The relatively low potential of the coolant, the frequency of heat supply in these installations, associated with the seasonality of their operation, time of day and weather, necessitate a number of technical solutions using additional equipment in the form of thermal energy accumulators, heat pumps and other equipment, which in any case must be combined with a traditional source of thermal energy operating on fossil fuels or electricity, performing the functions of both an additional and emergency source of thermal energy. Reserving the capacity of alternative energy sources is most efficient and least energy-consuming to carry out with heat sources using gaseous or degasified fuel. The use of electricity for the purposes of heat supply, with small capital investments, requires significant installed capacities of the heat source with a low coefficient of efficiency for primary fuel. In order to achieve the highest efficiency of energy use, thermal schemes of autonomous heat supply installations for objects using modern condensing boilers of low power and, together with them, various heat storage devices, providing year-round operation of equipment at heat supply facilities, are considered.
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Khavanov, Pavel Aleksandrovich, i Anatoliy Sergeevich Chulenyov. "Autonomous solar plants for heat supply". Agrarian Scientific Journal, nr 4 (20.04.2022): 99–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.28983/asj.y2022i4pp99-102.

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Energy saving in small-scale thermal power engineering is aimed at increasing the efficiency of using fossil energy carriers, electricity and, possibly, their wider replacement with alternative sources in the housing and communal complex. The practical use of solar installations, both photovoltaic and directly water heating, has found widespread use, at the same time, the peculiarities of the introduction of these installations are due to the climatic and technical conditions of their use. For countries located in climatic zones with relatively cold climates, the development of water heating installations is most rational when they are used seasonally. The relatively low potential of the coolant, the frequency of heat supply in these installations, associated with the seasonality of their operation, time of day and weather, necessitate a number of technical solutions using additional equipment in the form of thermal energy accumulators, heat pumps and other equipment, which in any case must be combined with a traditional source of thermal energy operating on fossil fuels or electricity, performing the functions of both an additional and emergency source of thermal energy. Reserving the capacity of alternative energy sources is most efficient and least energy-consuming to carry out with heat sources using gaseous or degasified fuel. The use of electricity for the purposes of heat supply, with small capital investments, requires significant installed capacities of the heat source with a low coefficient of efficiency for primary fuel. In order to achieve the highest efficiency of energy use, thermal schemes of autonomous heat supply installations for objects using modern condensing boilers of low power and, together with them, various heat storage devices, providing year-round operation of equipment at heat supply facilities, are considered.
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Zarza, Eduardo, Loreto Valenzuela, Javier Leo´n, H. Dieter Weyers, Martin Eickhoff, Markus Eck i Klaus Hennecke. "The DISS Project: Direct Steam Generation in Parabolic Trough Systems. Operation and Maintenance Experience and Update on Project Status". Journal of Solar Energy Engineering 124, nr 2 (24.04.2002): 126–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.1467645.

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The DISS (DIrect Solar Steam) project is a complete R+TD program aimed at developing a new generation of solar thermal power plants with direct steam generation (DSG) in the absorber tubes of parabolic trough collectors. During the first phase of the project (1996-1998), a life-size test facility was implemented at the Plataforma Solar de Almerı´a (PSA) to investigate the basic DSG processes under real solar conditions and evaluate the unanswered technical questions concerning this new technology. This paper updates DISS project status and explains O&M-related experience (e.g., main problems faced and solutions applied) with the PSA DISS test facility since January 1999.
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Shirole, Ashutosh, Mahesh Wagh i Vivek Kulkarni. "Thermal Performance Comparison of Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) Using Various Nanofluids". International Journal of Renewable Energy Development 10, nr 4 (27.06.2021): 875–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/ijred.2021.33801.

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The objective of this paper is to investigate the theoretical performance of Parabolic Trough Collector (PTC) using various nanofluids. The theoretical performances are calculated for Al2O3, graphite, magnetite, SWCNH, CuO, SiO2, MWCNT, TiO2, Fe2O3, and ZnO in water nanofluids. The heat transfer equations, thermodynamic properties of nanofluid and pumping power are utilised for the development of novel thermal model. The theoretical thermal efficiency of the PTC is calculated, and the economic viability of the technology is predicted for a range of nanofluid concentration. The results showed that the thermal conductivity increases with the concentration of nanoparticles in the base fluid. Magnetite nanofluid showed the highest thermal efficiency, followed by CuO, MWCNT, ZnO, SWCNH, TiO2, Fe2O3, Al2O3, graphite, and SiO2, respectively. The study reveals that MWCNT at 0.4% concentration is the best-suited nanofluid considering thermal gain and pumping power. Most of the nanofluids achieved optimum efficiency at 0.4% concentration. The influence of mass flow rate on thermal efficiency is evaluated. When the mass flow rate increased from 70 Kg/hr to 90Kg/hr, a 10%-20% efficiency increase is observed. Dispersing nanofluids reduces the levelized cost of energy of large-scale power plants. These findings add to the knowledge of the scientific community aimed explicitly at solar thermal energy technology. The report can also be used as a base to pursue solar thermal projects on an economic basis.
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Tsgoev, Ruslan S. "Promising Osmotic and Hybrid Electrochemical Power Plants". Vestnik MEI 5, nr 5 (2020): 47–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.24160/1993-6982-2020-5-47-53.

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A range of energy technologies ultimately aimed at obtaining electric energy is considered. Proceeding from the list of considered sources, it is possible to analyze their different combinations for achieving better energy efficiency of new complexes. A systematic list of 21 currently known traditional, non-traditional, and renewable energy sources is compiled. Each of them taken individually has an efficiency not exceeding 50%, except for some types of fuel cell based power facilities. Block diagrams of energy flow conversion stages are proposed for the considered kinds of sources. Obviously, if some or other chain does not contain certain blocks in comparison with the first classical chain of thermal engine thermodynamic cycles, this means that the missing energy conversion stages of are either implemented covertly, or proceed in the environment. As an example, two promising sources are considered: an osmotic hydroelectric power plant and a hybrid power plant (HybPP) based on high-temperature fuel cells with solid oxide electrolyte and a gas turbine unit. In fact, an osmotic hydroelectric power plant takes the solar energy spent for evaporation from sea surfaces in the form of the osmotic pressure phenomenon energy under the conditions of one-way diffusion of fresh river water (a solvent) molecules through a semi-permeable membrane towards salt sea water (a solution). An osmotic HPP is a combination of a reservoir with semi-permeable membranes and an HPP. The former is characterized by the expected high specific power up to 12 kW per square meter of semi-permeable membrane area, and the latter is characterized by the highest efficiency among all types of electric power sources and by the high achieved specific power up to 2-3 kW per square meter of solid oxide electrolyte surface area.
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Gil, J. D., J. A. Romero Ramos, M. Pérez García, M. Martínez Molina, J. Ropero i A. Rodríguez. "Techno-economic assessment of the use of Linear Fresnel Solar Collectors for the supply of heat in traditional fruits and vegetable processing industries in Almeria’s province". Renewable Energy and Power Quality Journal 19 (wrzesień 2021): 511–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.24084/repqj19.332.

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This study presents a techno-economic assessment of the use of Linear Fresnel Solar Collectors for the heat supply in traditional fruits and vegetable processing industries in Almeria’s province. This assessment is justified by the high availability of solar radiation in the area under study, the evaluation of complementary energy self-consumption modalities, and the suitability of using local resources for the preservation and improvement of traditional productive activities. The work starts with an identification of the potential user’s needs and their location in the province. Afterward, the solar radiation resources have been estimated as they constitute one of the basic inputs for sizing the proposed systems. Together with the above, representative thermal demands have been considered and different configurations of commercial Linear Fresnel Solar Collector thermal plants aimed to contribute to solarize the analyzed productive processes have been designed and the corresponding techno-economic assessment have been undertaken. Main findings advance the profitability that can be achieved with this technology, reaching, after an optimized integration of the solar plant in the industrial process, a solar fraction between 66-82 % and payback periods of the investment between 6-12 years
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Solar aided thermal power plants"

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Cottam, P. J. "Innovation in solar thermal chimney power plants". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2018. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10045417/.

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This thesis analyses novel technology for renewable electricity generation: the solar thermal chimney (STC) power plant and the suspended chimney (SC) as a plant component. The STC consists of a solar collector, a tall chimney located at the centre of the collector, and turbines and generators at the base of the chimney. Air heated in the collector rises up the chimney under buoyancy and generates power in the turbines. STCs have the potential to generate large amounts of power, but research is required to improve their economic viability. A state-of-the-art STC model was developed, focussing on accurate simulation of collector thermodynamics, and providing data on flow characteristics and plant performance. It was used to explore power generation for matched component dimensions, where for given chimney heights, a range of chimney and collector radii were investigated. Matched dimensions are driven by the collector thermal components approaching thermal equilibrium. This analysis was complemented with a simple cost model to identify the most cost-effective STC configurations. The collector canopy is an exceptionally large structure. Many of the designs proposed in the literature are either complex to manufacture or limit performance. This thesis presents and analyses a series of novel canopy profiles which are easier to manufacture and can be incorporated with little loss in performance. STC chimneys are exceptionally tall slender structures and supporting their self-weight is difficult. This thesis proposes to re-design the chimney as a fabric structure, held aloft with lighter-than-air gas. The performance of initial, small scale suspended chimney prototypes under lateral loading was investigated experimentally to assess the response to wind loads. A novel method of stiffening is proposed and design of larger prototypes developed. The economic viability of a commercial-scale suspended chimney was investigated, yielding cost reductions compared to conventional chimney designs.
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El, Khaja Ragheb Mohamad Fawaz. "Solar-thermal hybridization of Advanced Zero Emissions Power Plants". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/74434.

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Thesis (S.B.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mechanical Engineering, 2012.
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (p. 43-44).
Carbon Dioxide emissions from power production are believed to have significant contributions to the greenhouse effect and global warming. Alternative energy resources, such as solar radiation, may help abate emissions but suffer from high costs of power production and temporal variations. On the other hand, Carbon Capture and Sequestration allows the continued use of fossil fuels without the CO2 emissions but it comes at an energetic penalty. The Advanced Zero Emissions Plant (AZEP) minimizes this energy loss by making use of Ion Transport Membrane (ITM)-based oxy-combustion to reduce the cost of carbon dioxide separation. This work seeks to assess if there are any thermodynamic gains from hybridizing solar-thermal energy with AZEP. The particular focus is hybridizing of the bottoming cycle with supplemental solar heating. A simple model of parabolic solar trough was used to hybridize a model of the AZEP cycle in ASPEN Plus*. Two cycle configurations are studied: the first uses solar parabolic troughs to indirectly vaporize high pressure steam through Therminol and the second uses parabolic troughs to directly preheat the high pressure water stream prior to vaporization. Simulations of the solar vaporizer hybrid by varying the total area of collectors (holding fuel input constant) show an increase of net electric output from 439MW for the non-hybridized AZEP to 533MW with an input solar share of 38.8%. The incremental solar efficiency is found to be around 16% for solar shares of input ranging from 5% to 38.8%. Moreover, simulations of variable solar insolation for collector area of 550,000 m2 , show that incremental solar efficiency increased with solar insolation reaching a plateau around 17%. Simulations of the direct solar preheater, show a net electric output of 501.3 MW for a solar share of 35%, (an incremental solar efficiency of 13.73%). The power generation and hence incremental efficiency is lower than in hybridization with steam vaporization with the same input solar share. Synergy analysis for the steam vaporization hybrid indicates no thermodynamic gains from hybridization.
by Ragheb Mohamad Fawaz El Khaja.
S.B.
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Allen, Kenneth Guy. "Rock bed thermal storage for concentrating solar power plants". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86521.

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Thesis (PhD)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Concentrating solar power plants are a promising means of generating electricity. However, they are dependent on the sun as a source of energy, and require thermal storage to supply power on demand. At present thermal storage – usually molten salt – although functional, is expensive, and a cheaper solution is desired. It is proposed that sensible heat storage in a packed bed of rock, with air as heat transfer medium, is suitable at temperatures of 500 – 600 °C. To determine if this concept is technically feasible and economically competitive with existing storage, rock properties, packed bed pressure drop and thermal characteristics must be understood. This work addresses these topics. No previously published data is available on thermal cycling resistance of South African rock, and there is limited data from other countries in the proposed temperature range for long-term thermal cycling, so samples were thermally cycled. There is rock which is suitable for thermal storage applications at temperatures of 500 – 600 °C. New maps of South Africa showing where potentially suitable rock is available were produced. Dolerite, found extensively in the Karoo, is particularly suitable. Friction factors were measured for beds of different particles to determine the importance of roughness, shape, and packing arrangement. Five sets of rock were also tested, giving a combined dataset broader than published in any previous study. Limitations of existing correlations are shown. The friction factor is highly dependent on particle shape and, in the case of asymmetric particles, packing method. The friction factor varied by up to 70 % for crushed rock depending on the direction in which it was poured into the test section, probably caused by the orientation of the asymmetric rock relative to the air flow direction. This has not been reported before for rock beds. New isothermal correlations using the volume equivalent particle diameter are given: they are within 15 % of the measurements. This work will allow a techno-economic evaluation of crushed rock beds using more accurate predictions of pumping power than could previously be made. Thermal tests below 80 °C show that bed heat transfer is insensitive to particle shape or type. A heat transfer correlation for air in terms of the volume equivalent diameter was formulated and combined with the E-NTU method. The predicted bed outlet temperatures are within 5 °C of the measurements for tests at 530 °C, showing that the influence of thermal conduction and radiation can be reasonably negligible for a single charge/discharge cycle at mass fluxes around 0.2 kg/m2s. A novel method for finding the optimum particle size and bed length is given: The Biot number is fixed, and the net income (income less bed cost) from a steam cycle supplied by heat from the bed is calculated. A simplified calculation using the method shows that the optimum particle size is approximately 20 mm for bed lengths of 6 – 7 m. Depending on the containment design and cost, the capital cost could be an order of magnitude lower than a nitrate salt system.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gekonsentreerde son-energie kragstasies is n belowende manier om elektrisiteit op te wek, maar hulle is afhanklik van die son as n bron van energie. Om drywing op aanvraag te voorsien moet hulle energie stoor. Tans is termiese stoor – gewoonlik gesmelte sout – hoewel funksioneel, duur, en n goedkoper oplossing word gesoek. Daar word voorgestel dat stoor van voelbare warmte-energie in n gepakte rotsbed met lug as warmteoordrag medium geskik is by temperature van 500 – 600 °C. Om te bepaal of dié konsep tegnies gangbaar en ekonomies mededingend met bestaande stoorstelsels is, moet rotseienskappe, gepakte bed drukval en hitteoordrag verstaan word. Hierdie werk spreek hierdie aspekte aan. Geen voorheen gepubliseerde data is beskikbaar oor die termiese siklus weerstand van Suid-Afrikaanse rots nie, en daar is beperkte data van ander lande in die voorgestelde temperatuurbereik, dus is monsters onderwerp aan termiese siklusse. Daar bestaan rots wat geskik is vir termiese stoor toepassings by temperature van 500 – 600 °C. Nuwe kaarte van Suid-Afrika is opgestel om te wys waar potensieel geskikte rots beskikbaar is. Doleriet, wat wyd in die Karoo voor kom, blyk om veral geskik te wees. Wrywingsfaktore is gemeet vir beddens van verskillende partikels om die belangrikheid van grofheid, vorm en pak-rangskikking te bepaal. Vyf rotsstelle is ook getoets, wat n saamgestelde datastel gee wyer as in enige gepubliseerde studie. Beperkings van bestaande korrelasies word aangetoon. Die wrywingsfaktor is hoogs sensitief vir partikelvorm en, in die geval van asimmetriese partikels, pakkings metode. Die wrywingsfaktor het met tot 70 % gevarieer vir gebreekte rots, afhanklik van die rigting waarin dit in die toetsseksie neergelê is. Dit is waarskynlik veroorsaak deur die oriëntasie van die asimmetriese rots relatief tot die lugvloei rigting, en is nie voorheen vir rotsbeddens gerapporteer nie. Nuwe isotermiese korrelasies wat gebruik maak van die volume-ekwivalente partikel deursnee word gegee: hulle voorspel binne 15 % van die gemete waardes. Hierdie werk sal n tegno-ekonomiese studie van rotsbeddens toelaat wat meer akkurate voorspellings van pompdrywing gebruik as voorheen moontlik was. Termiese toetse onder 80 °C wys dat die warmteoordrag nie baie sensitief is vir partikelvorm en -tipe nie. n Warmte-oordragskorrelasie vir lug in terme van die volume-ekwivalente deursnee is ontwikkel en met die E-NTU-metode gekombineer. Die voorspelde lug uitlaat temperatuur is binne 5 °C van die meting vir toetse by 530 °C. Dit wys dat termiese geleiding en straling redelikerwys buite rekening gelaat kan word vir n enkele laai/ontlaai siklus by massa vloeitempos van omtrent 0.2 kg/m2s. n Oorspronklike metode vir die bepaling van die optimum partikelgrootte en bedlengte word gegee: Die Biot-getal is vas, en die netto inkomste (die inkomste minus die bed omkoste) van n stoomsiklus voorsien met warmte van die bed word bereken. n Vereenvoudigde berekening wat die metode gebruik wys dat die optimum grootte en lengte ongeveer 20 mm en 6-7 m is. Afhangende van die behoueringsontwerp en koste, kan die kapitale koste n orde kleiner wees as dié van n gesmelte nitraatsout stelsel
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Allen, Kenneth Guy. "Performance characteristics of packed bed thermal energy storage for solar thermal power plants". Thesis, Stellenbosch : University of Stellenbosch, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/4329.

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Thesis (MScEng (Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering))--University of Stellenbosch, 2010.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Solar energy is by far the greatest energy resource available to generate power. One of the difficulties of using solar energy is that it is not available 24 hours per day - some form of storage is required if electricity generation at night or during cloudy periods is necessary. If a combined cycle power plant is used to obtain higher efficiencies, and reduce the cost of electricity, storage will allow the secondary cycle to operate independently of the primary cycle. This study focuses on the use of packed beds of rock or slag, with air as a heat transfer medium, to store thermal energy in a solar thermal power plant at temperatures sufficiently high for a Rankine steam cycle. Experimental tests were done in a packed bed test section to determine the validity of existing equations and models for predicting the pressure drop and fluid temperatures during charging and discharging. Three different sets of rocks were tested, and the average size, specific heat capacity and density of each set were measured. Rock and slag samples were also thermally cycled between average temperatures of 30 ºC and 510 ºC in an oven. The classical pressure drop equation significantly under-predicts the pressure drop at particle Reynolds numbers lower than 3500. It appears that the pressure drop through a packed bed is proportional to the 1.8th power of the air flow speed at particle Reynolds numbers above about 500. The Effectiveness-NTU model combined with a variety of heat transfer correlations is able to predict the air temperature trend over the bed within 15 % of the measured temperature drop over the packed bed. Dolerite and granite rocks were also thermally cycled 125 times in an oven without breaking apart, and may be suitable for use as thermal storage media at temperatures of approximately 500 ºC. The required volume of a packed bed of 0.1 m particles to store the thermal energy from the exhaust of a 100 MWe gas turbine operating for 8 hours is predicted to be 24 × 103 m3, which should be sufficient to run a 25-30 MWe steam cycle for over 10 hours. This storage volume is of a similar magnitude to existing molten salt thermal storage.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Sonenergie is die grootste energiebron wat gebruik kan word vir krag opwekking. ‘n Probleem met die gebruik van sonenergie is dat die son nie 24 uur per dag skyn nie. Dit is dus nodig om die energie te stoor indien dit nodig sal wees om elektrisiteit te genereer wanneer die son nie skyn nie. ‘n Gekombineerde kringloop kan gebruik word om ‘n hoër benuttingsgraad te bereik en elektrisiteit goedkoper te maak. Dit sal dan moontlik wees om die termiese energie uit die primêre kringloop te stoor, wat die sekondêre kringloop onafhanklik van die primêre kringloop sal maak. Dié gevalle studie ondersoek die gebruik van ‘n slakof- klipbed met lug as hitteoordragmedium, om te bepaal of dit moontlik is om hitte te stoor teen ‘n temperatuur wat hoog genoeg is om ‘n Rankine stoom kringloop te bedryf. Eksperimentele toetse is in ‘n toets-bed gedoen en die drukverandering oor die bed en die lug temperatuur is gemeet en vergelyk met voorspelde waardes van vergelykings en modelle in die literatuur. Drie soorte klippe was getoets. Die gemiddelde grootte, spesifieke hitte-kapasiteit en digtheid van elke soort klip is gemeet. Klip en slak monsters is ook siklies tussen temperature van 30 ºC en 510 ºC verkoel en verhit. Die klassieke drukverlies vergelyking gee laer waardes as wat gemeet is vir Reynolds nommers minder as 3500. Dit blyk dat die drukverlies deur ‘n klipbed afhanklik is van die lug vloeispoed tot die mag 1.8 as die Reynolds nommer groter as omtrent 500 is. Die ‘Effectiveness-NTU’ model gekombineerd met ‘n verskeidenheid van hitteoordragskoeffisiënte voorspel temperature binne 15 % van die gemete temperatuur verskil oor die bed. Doloriet en graniet klippe het 125 sikliese toetse ondergaan sonder om te breek, en is miskien gepas vir gebruik in ‘n klipbed by temperature van sowat 500 ºC Die voorspelde volume van ‘n klipbed wat uit 0.1 m klippe bestaan wat die termiese energie vir 8 ure uit die uitlaat van ‘n 100 MWe gasturbiene kan stoor, is 24 × 103 m3. Dit behoort genoeg te wees om ‘n 25 – 30 MWe stoom kringloop vir ten minste 10 ure te bedryf. Die volume is min of meer gelyk aan dié van gesmelte sout store wat alreeds gebou is.
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Darwish, Mazen. "Modular Hybridization of Solar Thermal Power Plants For Developing Nations". Thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-104456.

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The current energy scenario in the developing nations with abundant sun resource (e.g. southern Mediterranean countries of Europe, Middle-East & North Africa) relies mainly on fossil fuels to supply the increasing energy demand. Although this long adopted pattern ensures electricity availability on demand at all times through the least cost proven technology, it is highly unsustainable due to its drastic impacts on depletion of resources, environmental emissions and electricity prices. Solar thermal Hybrid power plants among all other renewable energy technologies have the potential of replacing the central utility model of conventional power plants, the understood integration of solar thermal technologies into existing conventional power plants shows the opportunity of combining low cost reliable power and Carbon emission reduction. A literature review on the current concentrating solar power (CSP) technologies and their suitability for integration into conventional power cycles was concluded, the best option was found be in the so called Integrated solar combined cycle systems (ISCCS); the plant is built and operated like a normal combined cycle, with a solar circuit consisting of central tower receiver and heliostat field adding heat to the bottoming Rankine cycle. A complete model of the cycle was developed in TRNSYS simulation software and Matlab environment, yearly satellite solar insolation data was used to study the effect of integrating solar power to the cycle throw-out the year. A multi objective thermo economic optimization analysis was conducted in order to identify a set of optimum design options. The optimization has shown that the efficiency of the combined cycle can be increased resulting in a Levelized electricity cost in the range of 10 -14 USDcts /Kwhe. The limit of annual solar share realized was found to be around 7 % The results of the study indicate that ISCCS offers advantages of higher efficiency, low cost reliable power and on the same time sends a green message by reducing the environmental impacts in our existing power plant systems.
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Miranda, Gilda. "Dispatch Optimizer for Concentrated Solar Power Plants". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Byggteknik och byggd miljö, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-402436.

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Concentrating solar power (CSP) plant is a promising technology that exploits direct normal irradiation (DNI) from the sun to be converted into thermal energy in the solar field. One of the advantages of CSP technology is the possibility to store thermal energy in thermal energy storage (TES) for later production of electricity. The integration of thermal storage allows the CSP plant to be a dispatchable system which is defined as having a capability to schedule its operation using an innovative dispatch planning tool. Considering weather forecast and electricity price profile in the market, dispatch planning tool uses an optimization algorithm. It aims to shift the schedule of electricity delivery to the hours with high electricity price. These hours are usually reflected by the high demand periods. The implementation of dispatch optimizer can benefit the CSP plants economically from the received financial revenues. This study proposes an optimization of dispatch planning strategies for the parabolic trough CSP plant under two dispatch approaches: solar driven and storage driven. The performed simulation improves the generation of electricity which reflects to the increase of financial revenue from the electricity sale in both solar and storage driven approaches. Moreover, the optimization also proves to reduce the amount of dumped thermal energy from the solar field.
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Nixon, Jonathan. "Solar thermal collectors for use in hybrid solar-biomass power plants in India". Thesis, Aston University, 2012. http://publications.aston.ac.uk/18722/.

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This thesis examined solar thermal collectors for use in alternative hybrid solar-biomass power plant applications in Gujarat, India. Following a preliminary review, the cost-effective selection and design of the solar thermal field were identified as critical factors underlying the success of hybrid plants. Consequently, the existing solar thermal technologies were reviewed and ranked for use in India by means of a multi-criteria decision-making method, the Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). Informed by the outcome of the AHP, the thesis went on to pursue the Linear Fresnel Reflector (LFR), the design of which was optimised with the help of ray-tracing. To further enhance collector performance, LFR concepts incorporating novel mirror spacing and drive mechanisms were evaluated. Subsequently, a new variant, termed the Elevation Linear Fresnel Reflector (ELFR) was designed, constructed and tested at Aston University, UK, therefore allowing theoretical models for the performance of a solar thermal field to be verified. Based on the resulting characteristics of the LFR, and data gathered for the other hybrid system components, models of hybrid LFR- and ELFR-biomass power plants were developed and analysed in TRNSYS®. The techno-economic and environmental consequences of varying the size of the solar field in relation to the total plant capacity were modelled for a series of case studies to evaluate different applications: tri-generation (electricity, ice and heat), electricity-only generation, and process heat. The case studies also encompassed varying site locations, capacities, operational conditions and financial situations. In the case of a hybrid tri-generation plant in Gujarat, it was recommended to use an LFR solar thermal field of 14,000 m2 aperture with a 3 tonne biomass boiler, generating 815 MWh per annum of electricity for nearby villages and 12,450 tonnes of ice per annum for local fisheries and food industries. However, at the expense of a 0.3 ¢/kWh increase in levelised energy costs, the ELFR increased saving of biomass (100 t/a) and land (9 ha/a). For solar thermal applications in areas with high land cost, the ELFR reduced levelised energy costs. It was determined that off-grid hybrid plants for tri-generation were the most feasible application in India. Whereas biomass-only plants were found to be more economically viable, it was concluded that hybrid systems will soon become cost competitive and can considerably improve current energy security and biomass supply chain issues in India.
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Fernandez-Munoz, Raul. "Design of solar power plant with coupled thermal storage". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/16722.

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Spelling, James. "Hybrid Solar Gas-Turbine Power Plants : A Thermoeconomic Analysis". Doctoral thesis, KTH, Kraft- och värmeteknologi, 2013. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-121315.

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The provision of a sustainable energy supply is one of the most importantissues facing humanity at the current time, and solar thermal power hasestablished itself as one of the more viable sources of renewable energy. Thedispatchable nature of this technology makes it ideally suited to forming thebackbone of a future low-carbon electricity system.However, the cost of electricity from contemporary solar thermal power plantsremains high, despite several decades of development, and a step-change intechnology is needed to drive down costs. Solar gas-turbine power plants are apromising new alternative, allowing increased conversion efficiencies and asignificant reduction in water consumption. Hybrid operation is a furtherattractive feature of solar gas-turbine technology, facilitating control andensuring the power plant is available to meet demand whenever it occurs.Construction of the first generation of commercial hybrid solar gas-turbinepower plants is complicated by the lack of an established, standardised, powerplant configuration, which presents the designer with a large number ofchoices. To assist decision making, thermoeconomic studies have beenperformed on a variety of different power plant configurations, includingsimple- and combined-cycles as well as the addition of thermal energy storage.Multi-objective optimisation has been used to identify Pareto-optimal designsand highlight trade-offs between costs and emissions.Analysis of the simple-cycle hybrid solar gas-turbines revealed that, whileelectricity costs were kept low, the achievable reduction in carbon dioxideemissions is relatively small. Furthermore, an inherent trade-off between thedesign of high efficiency and high solar share hybrid power plants wasidentified. Even with the use of new optimised designs, the degree of solarintegration into the gas-turbine did not exceed 63% on an annual basis.In order to overcome the limitations of the simple-cycle power plants, twoimprovements were suggested: the integration of thermal energy storage, andthe use of combined-cycle configurations. Thermal energy storage allowed thedegree of solar operation to be extended, significantly decreasing carbondioxide emissions, and the addition of a bottoming-cycle reduced the electricitycosts. A combination of these two improvements provided the bestperformance, allowing a reduction in carbon dioxide emissions of up to 34%and a reduction in electricity costs of up to 22% compared to a combination ofconventional power generation technologies.
Hållbar energiförsörjning är för närvarande en av de viktigaste frågorna förmänskligheten. Koncentrerad solenergi är nu etablerad som en tillförlitlig källaav förnybar energi. Den reglerbara karaktären hos tekniken gör den specielltintressant för uppbyggnaden av ett framtida koldioxidsnålt elsystem.Kostnaden för elektricitet från nuvarande termiska solkraftverk är hög trottsflera decennier av utveckling. Ett genombrått på tekniknivå krävs för att drivaned kostnaderna. Sol-gasturbiner är ett av de mest lovande alternativen, somger en ökad verkningsgrad samtidigt som vattenkonsumtionen reducerasdrastiskt. Sol-gasturbintekniken gör det möjligt att blandköra solenergi ochandra bränslen för att möta efterfrågan vid alla tidpunkter, en attraktiv aspekt iförhållande till alternativa lösningar.Uppbyggnaden av första generationens kommersiella hybrida solgasturbinkraftverkförsvåras dock av bristen på etablerade och standardiseradekraftverkskonfigurationer. Dessa ger planeraren ett stort antal valmöjlighetersom underlag för beslutsfattande. Termoekonomiska studier har genomförtsför ett flertal olika kraftverkskonfigurationer, däribland kraftverk med enkelcykel, kombikraftverk samt möjligheten att utnyttja termisk energilagring.Pareto-optimala konfigurationer har identifierats med hjälp av multiobjektsoptimeringför att belysa balansen mellan kostnader och utsläpp.Analysen av det enkla hybrida sol-gasturbinkraftverket visade attelektricitetskostnaden hållits på en låg nivå, men att den möjliga minskningen avkoldioxidutsläpp är relativt liten. Dessutom identifierades en inre balans mellanatt bibehålla en hög verkningsgrad hos konfigurationen och en hög andelsolenergi i produktionen. Andelen av solenergi i gasturbinen överskred aldrig63% på årlig bas, även med optimerade kraftverkskonfigurationer.Två förbättringar föreslås för att övervinna begränsningarna hos kraftverk medenkel cykel: integration av termisk energilagring samt nyttjande avkombikraftverkskonfigurationer. Termisk energilagring tillåter en ökad andelsolenergi i driften och reducerar koldioxidutsläppen drastiskt, medan denytterligare cykeln hos kombikraftverket reducerar elektricitetskostnaden.Kombinationen av dessa förbättringar ger den bästa prestandan, med enreduktion av koldioxidutsläppen på upp till 34% och reducerade elektricitetskostnaderpå upp till 22% i jämförelse med andra kombinationer avkonventionella kraftverkskonfigurationer.

QC 20130503

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Kretzschmar, Holger. "The Hybrid Pressurized Air Receiver (HPAR) for combined cycle solar thermal power plants". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/86377.

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Thesis (MScEng)--Stellenbosch University, 2014.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: Concentrating solar power technology is a modern power generation technology in which central receiver systems play a significant role. For this technology a field of heliostats is used to reflect solar irradiation to the receiver located on top of the tower. An extensive review has shown that contemporary receiver designs face geometric complexities, lack of thermal efficiency as well as issues with durability and cost. The purpose of this study is to develop a new receiver concept that can potentially reduce these issues. A parametric analysis was used to identify potential means of improvement based on an energy balance approach including sensitivities involved with convection and radiation heat transfer. Design criteria such as the use of headers to minimize pressure drop was also investigated. Based on these findings the hybrid pressurized air receiver was developed which is a combination of tubular and volumetric receiver technologies. The fundamental idea of the receiver was investigated by simulating the ray-tracing and coupled natural convection and radiation heat transfer. The ray-tracing results have shown that the use of quartz glass is a prospective solution to higher allowable flux densities, but with reflection losses in the order of 7 %. The coupled natural convection heat transfer simulation further revealed that the receiver concept effectively eliminates the escape of buoyant plumes and radiative heat losses are minimized. Empirical data was gathered from a medium flux concentrator and good agreement with the numerical results was obtained. The thesis therefore concludes that the research outcomes were met. Ongoing research aims to optimise the receiver concept for a 5MW pilot plant.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Gekonsentreerde sonkrag tegnologie is ’n moderne kragopwekkingstegnologie waar sentrale ontvangersisteme ’n beduidende rol speel. Vir hierdie tegnologie word ’n veld heliostate gebruik om sonstraling na die ontvanger wat aan die bopunt van die toring geleë is te reflekteer. ’n Omvattende hersiening het daarop gewys dat kontemporêre ontwerpe van die ontvangers ’n aantal geometriese kompleksiteite, ’n tekort aan termiese doeltreffendheid sowel as probleme in terme van duursaamheid en koste in die gesig staar. Die doel van die studie is om ’n nuwe ontvangerskonsep te ontwikkel wat moontlik hierdie probleme kan verminder. ’n Parametriese analise is gebruik om potensiële maniere van verbetering aan te dui wat gebaseer is op ’n energiebalans benadering; insluitend sensitiwiteite betrokke by konvektiewe en stralingswarmteoordrag. Ontwerpkriteria soos die gebruik van spruitstukke om drukverliese te minimaliseer is ook ondersoek. Gebaseer op hierdie bevindinge is die hibriede saamgepersde-lug ontvanger ontwikkel. Laasgenoemde is ’n kombinasie van buis- en volumetriese ontvangertegnologie. Die fundamentele idee van die ontvanger is ondersoek deur straalberekening asook die gelyktydige natuurlike konveksie en stralingswarmteoordrag te simuleer. Die straalberekeningsresultate het getoon dat die gebruik van kwarts glas ’n moontlike oplossing is om hoër stralingsintensiteit te bereik, maar met refleksieverliese in die orde van 7 %. Die gelyktydige natuurlike konveksie en stralingswarmteoordrag simulasie het verder aan die lig gebring dat die ontvangerkonsep die ontsnapping
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Książki na temat "Solar aided thermal power plants"

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Casal, Federico G. Solar Thermal Power Plants. Redaktorzy Paul Kesselring i Carl-Jochen Winter. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52281-9.

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Kesselring, Paul, i Clifford S. Selvage, red. The IEA/SSPS Solar Thermal Power Plants. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82680-1.

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Kesselring, Paul, i Clifford S. Selvage, red. The IEA/SSPS Solar Thermal Power Plants. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82682-5.

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Camacho, E. F. Advanced control of solar plants. Berlin: Springer, 1997.

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Petela, Ryszard. Engineering thermodynamics of thermal radiation for solar power utilization. New York: McGraw Hill, 2010.

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Engineering thermodynamics of thermal radiation for solar power utilization. New York: McGraw Hill, 2010.

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Karni, Jacob. Development of a solar-thermal volumetric receiver: Final report for the period October 1990-March 1991. [Jerusalem]: State of Israel, Ministry of Energy and Infrastructure Division of Research and Development, 1991.

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M, Becker, Klimas Paul C, Chavez James M, Kolb Gregory J, Meinecke W, Deutsche Forschungsanstalt für Luft- und Raumfahrt. i Sandia National Laboratories, red. Second generation central receiver technologies: A status report. Karlsruhe: C.F. Müller, 1993.

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Ma, Zhiwen. Advanced supercritical carbon dioxide power cycle configurations for use in concentrating solar power systems: Preprint. Golden, CO]: National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2011.

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United States. National Aeronautics and Space Administration., red. A program for the calculation of paraboloidal-dish solar thermal power plants performance. Pasadena, Calif: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Jet Propulsion Laboratory, California Institute of Technology, 1985.

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Części książek na temat "Solar aided thermal power plants"

1

Becker, M., i L. L. Vant-Hull. "Thermal Receivers". W Solar Power Plants, 163–98. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61245-9_5.

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Kumar, Rajesh, Ravi Anand i Sujit Karmakar. "Thermodynamic Analysis of a 500-MWe Subcritical Coal-Fired Thermal Power Plant with Solar-Aided Post-Combustion CO2 Capture". W Advances in Mechanical Engineering, 907–19. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-0124-1_81.

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Grasse, W., H. P. Hertlein, C. J. Winter i G. W. Braun. "Thermal Solar Power Plants Experience". W Solar Power Plants, 215–82. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61245-9_7.

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Kesselring, P., i C. J. Winter. "Solar Thermal Power Plants". W Solar Thermal Central Receiver Systems, 3–19. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-82910-9_1.

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Geyer, M. A. "Thermal Storage for Solar Power Plants". W Solar Power Plants, 199–214. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1991. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-61245-9_6.

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Singh, Shailendra Pratap, Subrata Kumar Ghosh i Vijay Kumar Dwivedi. "An Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP)-Based Multi-criteria Evaluation and Priority Analysis for Best FWH Substitution of Solar Aided Thermal Power Plant". W Proceedings of International Conference in Mechanical and Energy Technology, 707–17. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-15-2647-3_66.

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Casal, Federico G. "Introduction". W Solar Thermal Power Plants, 1–4. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52281-9_1.

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Casal, Federico G. "Description of the SSPS Site". W Solar Thermal Power Plants, 5–10. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52281-9_2.

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Casal, Federico G. "The Central Receiver System". W Solar Thermal Power Plants, 11–54. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52281-9_3.

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Casal, Federico G. "The Distributed Collector System". W Solar Thermal Power Plants, 55–77. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-52281-9_4.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Solar aided thermal power plants"

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Cipollone, Roberto, i Andrea Cinocca. "Integration Between Gas Turbines and Concentrated Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants". W ASME 2012 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2012. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2012-85874.

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Parabolic Trough Concentrating Solar Power plants (PT-CSP) technology has the capability to give, in the mean future, a strong contribution to the electrical energy generation. In the long term, inside a new framework of relationships concerning energy production, many aspects would justify a significant contribution to the phase out of fossil sources use. The paper concerns about a theoretical modeling aimed at improving the performances of CSP which approaches the energy generation from a system point of view. Thanks to it, the attention is focused on the use of gases as heat transfer fluid inside the solar receivers and on the possibility to use it as working fluid inside unconventional gas turbines for a direct electricity generation. The success of this concept is related to the possibility to increase the fluid temperature above the actual maximum values: this requires that the receiver efficiency has to be recalculated as a function of the fluid temperature. An innovative integration between the solar field and the gas turbine power plant, modified in order to maximize thermal energy conversion, is discussed.
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Zarza, Eduardo, Loreto Valenzuela, Javier León, H. Dieter Weyers, Martin Eickhoff, Markus Eck i Klaus Hennecke. "The DISS Project: Direct Steam Generation in Parabolic Troughs — Operation and Maintenance Experience — Update on Project Status". W ASME 2001 Solar Engineering: International Solar Energy Conference (FORUM 2001: Solar Energy — The Power to Choose). American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/sed2001-154.

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Abstract The DISS (DIrect Solar Steam) project is a complete R+TD program aimed at developing a new generation of solar thermal power plants with direct steam generation (DSG) in the absorber tubes of parabolic trough collectors. During the first phase of the project (1996–1998), a life-size test facility was implemented at the Plataforma Solar de Almería (PSA) to investigate under real solar conditions the basic DSG processes and evaluate the open technical questions concerning this new technology. This paper updates DISS project status and explains O&M-related experience (e.g. main problems faced and solutions applied) with the PSA DISS test facility since January 1999.
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Ahmed, Khaled I. E., Ali K. Abdel-Rahman, Mahmoud Ahmed i Wael M. Khairaldien. "Virtual Height Aided Solar Chimney: A New Design". W ASME 2011 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2011-65819.

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Renewable energy source deployment is growing rapidly as it reduces CO2 emissions and increases diversity and security of supply. Solar chimney (SC) is a promising large-scale power technology, which absorbs solar radiation and converts parts of solar energy into electric power free of CO2 emissions. A major problem of Solar Chimney Power Plant (SCPP) is its low conversion efficiency as determined by the thermal performance of the system. However, the conversion efficiency of SCPP significantly increases with the SC height increase. The current paper proposes a new design of a virtual height aided solar chimney. In this new system the solar chimney is aided with a passive cooling system at the top of the chimney and a passive solar heater at its base to virtually mimic larger heights of the chimney. The new design has been simulated numerically for development and optimization. The numerical study is done in two stages to examine this concept. In the first stage, numerical results are obtained for the effect of the chimney height on the inside air flow speed. Then, in the second stage, the effect of decreasing the temperature at the chimney exit and the effect of increasing the temperature at the chimney base on the air flow speed are examined separately for small chimney heights. Then the combined effect of the two actions is investigated at a wide range of chimney heights. The numerical results have shown that the localized base heating and exit cooling have significantly enhanced the chimney performance for chimney heights up to 500m. A chimney with height of 300m gains an increase in the air velocity more than 25% due to the heating and cooling actions. Virtual height aided Chimney with original height of 300m acts similarly to a conventional chimney with height of 500m due to the effect of base heating and exit cooling actions. This air flow velocity increase reflects 100% increase in the expected generated electric power. Further detailed results are presented and discussed.
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Crespi, Francesco, David Sánchez, Tomás Sánchez i Gonzalo S. Martínez. "Integral Techno-Economic Analysis of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide Cycles for Concentrated Solar Power". W ASME Turbo Expo 2018: Turbomachinery Technical Conference and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2018-77106.

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Previous work by the authors has shown that broader analyses than those typically found in literature (in terms of operating pressures allowed) can yield interesting conclusions with respect to the best candidate cycles for certain applications. This has been tested for the thermodynamic performance (1st and 2nd Laws) but it can also be applied from an economic standpoint. This second approach is introduced in this work where typical operating conditions for CSP applications (current and future generations of solar tower plants) are considered (900 °C and 30 MPa). For these, the techno-economic performance of each cycle are assessed in order to identify the most cost-effective layout when it comes to the Overnight Capital Cost. This analysis accounts for the different contributions to the total cost of the plant, including all the major equipment that is usually found in a CSP power plant such as the solar field and thermal energy storage system. The work is thus aimed at providing guidelines to professionals in the area of basic engineering and pre-feasibility study of CSP plants who find themselves in the process of selecting a particular power cycle for a new project (set of specifications and boundary conditions).
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Heide, Stephan, Uwe Gampe, Ulrich Orth, Markus Beukenberg, Bernd Gericke, Manfred Freimark, Ulrich Langnickel, Robert Pitz-Paal, Reiner Buck i Stefano Giuliano. "Design and Operational Aspects of Gas and Steam Turbines for the Novel Solar Hybrid Combined Cycle SHCC®". W ASME Turbo Expo 2010: Power for Land, Sea, and Air. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/gt2010-22124.

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Solar hybrid power plants are characterized by a combination of heat input both of high temperature solar heat and heat from combustion of gaseous or liquid fuel which enables to supply the electricity market according to its requirements and to utilize the limited and high grade natural resources economically. The SHCC® power plant concept integrates the high temperature solar heat into the gas turbine process and in addition — depending on the scheme of the process cycle — downstream into the steam cycle. The feed-in of solar heat into the gas turbine is carried out between compressor outlet and combustor inlet either by direct solar thermal heating of the pressurized air inside the receivers of the solar tower or by indirectly heating via interconnection of a heat transfer fluid. Thus, high shares of solar heat input referring to the total heat input of more than 60% in design point can be achieved. Besides low consumption of fossil fuels and high efficiency, the SHCC® concept is aimed for a permanent availability of the power plant capacity due to the possible substitution of solar heat by combustion heat during periods without sufficient solar irradiation. In consequence, no additional standby capacity is necessary. SHCC® can be conducted with today’s power plant and solar technology. One of the possible variants has already been demonstrated in the test field PSA in Spain using a small capacity gas turbine with location in the head of the solar tower for direct heating of the combustion air. However, the authors present and analyze also alternative concepts for power plants of higher capacity. Of course, the gas turbine needs a design which enables the external heating of the combustion air. Today only a few types of gas turbines are available for SHCC® demonstration. But these gas turbines were not designed for solar hybrid application at all. Thus, the autors present finally some reflections on gas turbine parameters and their consequences for SHCC® as basis for evaluation of potentials of SHCC®.
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Hammad, M., A. Al-Qtiemat i A. Alshqirate. "Modeling and Analysis of the Performance of a Parabolic Trough Solar Concentrator System". W ASME 2013 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. American Society of Mechanical Engineers, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2013-63411.

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The increasing fossil fuel costs have led the world to use the clean and naturally available energy from the sun to produce electric power. Parabolic trough technology is nowadays the most extended solar system for electricity production or steam generation for industrial processes. It is the most proven, lowest cost and large-scale solar power technology available today. It is basically composed of a concentrator collector field which converts solar irradiation into thermal energy that will be used as input for a Rankine power cycle. In such plants, a storage system can be implemented in order to increase plant production. This work aimed to conclude with a simulation model of a solar thermal power plant using a parabol solar concentrator. The Euro Trough (ET) Concentrator was used as case study. MATLAB software was used for the analysis and performance evaluation. Different working fluids were used in the simulation which were: Pressurized water, Boiling water and Oil (Therminol-VP1). It was found that using water (pressurized or boiling) in the receiver tube is better than the Therminol-VP1 oil. And the pressurized water has the highest value of efficiency compared to the boiling water and Therminol-VP1 oil. The oil using system presented the highest energy losses system, and the lowest efficiencies. The ET performance was tested at different places in Jordan, and the distribution of direct solar irradiance at different days around the year was calculate and exhibited for Ma’an city as a case study. A comparison between simulated results and that found in literature were carried out with observed good conformity.
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Levine, Jonathan S., Klaus S. Lackner i Vijay Modi. "Nearly Reversible Heat Engines for Thermal Storage of Excess Electric Power". W ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14704.

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Efficient and affordable energy storage technologies would enable greater use of electricity generation with low operating but high capital cost. Such generating plants must maximize their utilization to spread capital cost over as much output as possible. Without affordable storage capacity their penetration into the market is limited to base load. Intermittent solar and wind power, which at times are simply not available, suffer even more than baseline power plants from the lack of affordable storage technologies. With the exception of pumped hydro-storage, energy storage is too expensive, suffering from low energy density in storage and low round-trip efficiency. Low grade thermal storage with temperature differences of up to about 100°C could achieve storage densities far in excess of that in most pumped storage facilities while avoiding the costs associated with high temperature operations. Roundtrip efficiency, defined as the ratio of the electric output from a heat engine driven by stored thermal energy to the electric input used to drive a heat pump to store the thermal energy, can approach 100% as the heat pump and the heat engine both approach Carnot efficiency. This theoretical limit is independent of the temperature difference between the heat reservoirs. Roundtrip efficiencies of at least 70 to 80% are necessary for energy storage to be economically competitive with higher priced electricity sources. This high round trip efficiency implies that both the heat engine and the heat pump would have to operate at 85 to 90% of the efficiency of a reversible engine. The most promising practical engines for such high efficiency are based on the Stirling cycle. This paper discusses a variation of the Stirling cycle aimed at large, slow units optimized for high efficiency far in excess of the Curzon-Ahlborn efficiency, which results from maximizing the power of the engine. This tradeoff in favor of efficiency over power output demands extreme simplicity in design, as the size of the engine is far larger than that of conventional engines optimized for power throughput. The goal of the paper is to show that low-grade thermal energy storage could provide a viable alternative to regionally limited pumped hydro-storage as long as the design challenges explained in the paper can be overcome. Given the current lack of cost-effective, scalable energy storage systems, thermal storage technology could have a profound impact on future energy infrastructures.
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Hu, Eric J., Ying You i Y. C. Li. "SOLAR THERMAL POWER OR SOLAR AIDED THERMAL POWER?: A CHOICE BETWEEN EFFICIENCIES". W Proceedings of the Third Asia-Pacific Conference. WORLD SCIENTIFIC, 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/9789812791924_0070.

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Goswami, Jaya. "Dry Cooling in Solar Thermal Power Plants". W ASME 2011 5th International Conference on Energy Sustainability. ASMEDC, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/es2011-54396.

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The purpose of this study is to evaluate the performance metrics of a solar thermal power plant with dry cooling and further implement a method to increase the cycle efficiency, using passive cooling techniques within the dry cooling cycle. Current methods implementing dry cooled condensation use an air-cooled condenser for heat rejection. While this reduces the water consumption of the plant, it results in performance penalties in the overall plant between 5–10% [1]. Passive cooling methods can be used to alleviate the performance penalties. While passive cooling methods have been studied and used on a small scale, this model explores the possibilities of applying these methods to large-scale solar thermal power plants. Based on the model developed, it was found that underground-cooling techniques can improve the performance of the overall dry cooled solar thermal power plant by up to 3% at peak dry bulb temperatures. This study finds that there is a possibility to apply these passive cooling techniques on a large scale to yield positive results.
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Ameri, Mohammad, i Hamid Reza Moosavi. "A comparison between solar field and supplementary firing for generating additional power in solar hybrid power plant". W 2014 5th Conference on Thermal Power Plants (CTPP). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/ctpp.2014.7040609.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Solar aided thermal power plants"

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Linker, K. Heat engine development for solar thermal dish-electric power plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/7228892.

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Maxwell, E. L., i M. D. Rymes. The impact of solar radiation resources on the siting of solar thermal power plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), grudzień 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/6016955.

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Kuver, Walt. Tax Revenue and Job Benefits from Solar Thermal Power Plants in Nye County. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), listopad 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1129448.

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Gawlik, Keith. Reducing the Cost of Thermal Energy Storage for Parabolic Trough Solar Power Plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), czerwiec 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1090094.

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Byers, R. Application of RELAP4/MOD6 to analysis of solar-thermal power plants: control system modelling. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), kwiecień 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/5554016.

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Ehrhart, Brian, i David Gill. Evaluation of annual efficiencies of high temperature central receiver concentrated solar power plants with thermal energy storage. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/1090218.

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Kelly, Michael, Paul Hlava i Douglas Brosseau. Testing thermocline filler materials and molten-salt heat transfer fluids for thermal energy storage systems used in parabolic trough solar power plants. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/919178.

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Parabolic Trough Solar Thermal Electric Power Plants (Fact Sheet). Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), lipiec 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/887007.

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