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Renisio, Yann. "L'infortune des sciences sociales : sociologie d'une illégitimation scientifique récurrente". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017EHES0073.
Pełny tekst źródłaCombining the sociology of science, of education and of professions, this thesis analyses the field of academic disciplines to present a series of social process contributing to the constant questionings regarding the scientificity of the social sciences in contemporary France. This three steps analysis (historical, statistical, and through surveys and interviews) unveils a phenomenon of cumulative disadvantages for these disciplines. Institutionalized in the Facultés of law and literature in a period of important rise to power of the scientific one, social sciences have been considered as “other” and “inferior” in terms of scientificity from the beginning, a situation that is strongly maintained today through the implicit hierarchies of fields taught in high school. At the crossroad of humanities, biological and mathematical sciences, the scientific practices of the social sciences are frequently evaluated and denigrated through the criteria of the physical sciences. Divided into two facultés, students and faculties in those fields have more heterogeneous social and educational backgrounds then those in other sciences, contributing to a social image of dissensus. Interiorizing their subordinated position, social scientists tend to justify the small share of resources that they receive through the valorization of specific temporal needs and unpredictability of their research
Veillard, Hélène. "Les lauréat·es : ce que l'ERC fait aux professions scientifiques. Les cas des sciences de l'univers et de l'histoire en France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., université Paris-Saclay, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024UPASU002.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis doctoral dissertation explores the ramifications of a specific European research funding initiative, namely the European Research Council (ERC), within the broader context of the sociology of scientific professions, science, and public action. Focused on researchers in the realms of universe sciences and history within the academic landscape of French universities, this study systematically examines the transformative impact induced by the ERC's project-based funding paradigm on the dynamics of research. Scrutinizing alterations in the identities of researchers and the intricate fabric of both individual and collective scientific relationships, the thesis closely examines the distinct call for projects put forth by the ERC. By analyzing the selection processes leading to the identification of "excellent" individuals and projects, the investigation dissects the intricate interplay between institutional incentives for project submissions, national and international configurations of the university market, operational logics, and a diverse array of epistemic cultures.The socio-technical framework of the European Research Council (ERC) at the European level and the incentive policies at the national level are strategically devised to enhance the support for exploratory, individual, and "excellent" research endeavors. In this context, an inquiry arises: How do the recipients of ERC grants perceive their application process to the ERC and evaluate the success of their respective projects? The narrative meticulously traces the trajectories of laureates throughout the lifecycle of their projects. This involves a close scrutiny of the rationales underpinning their decision to seek ERC funding, the intricacies of candidacy construction, and an exploration of the identities of laureates tasked with orchestrating personalized collectives within the project mode. The dissertation culminates in a thorough analysis of the broader implications of ERC funding on the careers of scientists in the observed disciplines, as articulated by the interviewees
Macdonald, Keith M. "The sociology of the professions and other occupations". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.257157.
Pełny tekst źródłaWebb, Keith. "Uncertainty and the social scientific response". Thesis, University of Kent, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481719.
Pełny tekst źródłaCampbell, Jonah. "The XMRV virus: reality and artefactuality in scientific controversy". Thesis, McGill University, 2012. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=107915.
Pełny tekst źródłaLe rétrovirus XMRV (xenotropic murine leukemia virus-related virus) a été identifié pour la première fois en 2009 en association avec le Syndrome de fatigue chronique. Suite à la publication de ces recherches, une controverse importante a éclaté dans la presse scientifique quant au statut du virus XMRV. Cette controverse s'achèvera en 2012 avec la rétractation de l'article original et la révélation que le virus était en fait un artefact de laboratoire. Le présent mémoire retrace la dynamique de la controverse autour du couple XMRV-SFC en examinant de plu près le changement de statut du virus au cours de cette même controverse. La question de la « réalité » même du virus et celle de son lien putatif avec le Syndrome de fatigue chronique occupent une place centrale au sein du débat entre les scientifiques concernés. Le mémoire s'intéresse donc en particulier au rôle qu'ont joué dans la perpétuation et l'éventuelle résolution de la controverse les discours endogènes concernant l'artefactualité, ainsi que les instances matérielles (procédures, matériaux et équipements) rattachées à ces discours.
Bwanika, Daniel. "Realistic Theory as Methods for Scientific Research". Thesis, Örebro University, School of Humanities, Education and Social Sciences, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-6327.
Pełny tekst źródłaRIVIERA, EMANUELA. "Mapping scientific literature. Structuring scientific communities through scientometrics". Doctoral thesis, Università degli Studi di Milano-Bicocca, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10281/40095.
Pełny tekst źródłaCoatesworth, Megan Gebhardt. "Women staying in STEM professions long-term| A motivation model". Thesis, The University of the Rockies, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3686149.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis qualitative grounded theory study sought to identify what motivates women to stay in or return to science, technology, engineering, and math professions (STEM) long-term, leading to a motivation model. Twenty women, each having a minimum of 10 years of experience in STEM professions, participated in the study. Four of the 20 participants had a career path where they left the STEM workplace for more than 26 weeks and then returned. The results of this study suggested that there may be five themes related to motivating factors for women who stay in STEM professions long term: a) interest in STEM is the constant as individual needs and priorities change, b) direct manager influence on development is critical c) performance-based workplace policies and culture are continuously sought, d) moving towards a no-bias workplace remains important, and e) the career growth path at life's crossroads remains a challenge. While this study's results suggested that some bias does still exist in the STEM workplace, as previously documented. The results suggested that an equitable workplace does not yet exist regarding career growth opportunities. As career growth is one of the motivating factors for women in STEM and environments for career growth opportunities vary in the workplace, this study's results also suggested that career growth opportunities continue to be a barrier for women in STEM.
Ashmore, M. "A question of reflexivity : Wrighting sociology of scientific knowledge". Thesis, University of York, 1985. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.355573.
Pełny tekst źródłaShin, In-Cheol. "Matthew's inclusive community a narratological and social scientific reading /". Pretoria ; [s.n.], 2004. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/availalbe/etd-05262005-154759.
Pełny tekst źródłaSosenko, Filip. "On the scientific status of interpretive inquiry". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/2648.
Pełny tekst źródłaFagan, Melinda Bonnie. "Objectivity in practice integrative social epistemology of scientific inquiry /". [Bloomington, Ind.] : Indiana University, 2007. http://gateway.proquest.com/openurl?url_ver=Z39.88-2004&rft_val_fmt=info:ofi/fmt:kev:mtx:dissertation&res_dat=xri:pqdiss&rft_dat=xri:pqdiss:3274925.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from PDF t.p. (viewed Nov. 11, 2008). Source: Dissertation Abstracts International, Volume: 68-07, Section: A, page: 2974. Adviser: Elisabeth A. Lloyd.
Karlsson, Peder. "Forskares socialisation : Kunskapssociologisk visit i doktoranders livsvärldar". Doctoral thesis, Umeå University, Sociology, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-191.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is an exploration into the socialization of researchers as it takes place in various research practices. Using a lifeworld-perspective, a qualitative interview-study with doctoral students from different academic milieus is conducted. The organizational context of the study is the academic department as it is experienced, apprehended and constructed by the doctoral student.
The “societal” context is described and discussed in a brief analytical exposé of Swedish science policy in the last decade of the twentieth century. Questioning the political reliance on a systems-perspective, and the shortcomings of system theory for the understanding of research practices in different academic milieus, a lifeworld-theoretical turn is suggested.
A lifeworld-perspective is formulated in a meta-theoretical discussion focusing on the concepts of practice, time and language. Jürgen Habermas’ critique of phenomenological lifeworld-perspectives is the point of departure and theoretical inputs are derived from the sociology of knowledge, the sociology of scientific knowledge and phenomenological sociology. The solution is found in an integrative model of socialization as continual synchronization of subjective systems of coordinates and socio-cultural networks. Mediating between subjective consciousness and inter-subjective knowledge is language, and this is manifested in concrete practices observed in “real-time”.
The empirical study reveals some influences of the system on the lifeworld. “Inside” the lifeworld, however, the interviewees mostly use their departments as frames of reference in their descriptions and discussions. A more elaborate exploration of the life-world results in an understanding of socialization in terms of positioning. This concept denotes the ways in which the interviewees describe themselves, their socio-cultural surroundings and themselves in relation to these milieus. At any given moment, positioning can be understood as a “co-construction” of subjective position and socio-cultural milieu. Positioning is thereby the empirical correlate to synchronization, and socialization can be “read off” from the ways in which doctoral students position themselves “here and now”. Problematic, though, is that “doctoral student”, and especially “female doctoral student”, are found to be vague and vulnerable categories with no clear meanings for the socialised nor for the socio-cultural environment. In a more speculative manner, these difficulties of positioning are put in relation to “scientist” as a vague category. If “scientist” cannot be defined, how then can we know what “scientists in the making” are?
This thesis offers an insight into the plural “realities” of doctoral students in different academic milieus. It offers a lifeworld-perspective on socialization and is thereby relevant for discussions of post-graduate education among scholars as well as among policy makers.
Magdalenić, Sanja. "Gendering the sociology profession : Sweden, Britain and the US". Doctoral thesis, Stockholms universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-135.
Pełny tekst źródłaSundberg, Mikaela. "Making meteorology social relations and scientific practice /". Doctoral thesis, [Stockholm] : Stockholms universitet : Distributed by Almqvist & Wiksell International, 2005. http://catalog.hathitrust.org/api/volumes/oclc/71256128.html.
Pełny tekst źródłaTeplitskiy, Mikhail. "Judgments of scientific quality and their effects on published knowledge and its diffusion". Thesis, The University of Chicago, 2016. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10129530.
Pełny tekst źródłaCollaborative efforts like modern scientific research depend on methods to evaluate and absorb participants’ contributions, and at the research frontier this evaluative step is often accomplished through the peer review of grants and manuscripts. With billions of dollars and space in prestigious journals hinging on the decisions of reviewers, the review system has attracted consistent scrutiny. Many of the thousands of studies scrutinizing peer review focus on the reliability, validity, and fairness of the reviewers’ decisions. Largely absent in this debate about peer review’s internal practices are the consequences of these practices for the character and diffusion of published knowledge. This dissertation shifts the focus to the consequences of peer review practices through four case studies. The first case investigates the negotiation of revisions authors of quantitative sociological manuscripts undertake during peer review and reveals that substantial changes concern primarily manuscripts’ theoretical framing, while the data analyses remain relatively stable. The case argues that the greater relative value placed on data and analysis over frames incentivizes investment into the former over the latter. The second case interrogates the common practice of using post-publication citations to evaluate the validity of review decisions. Analysis of the reviews of manuscripts submitted to the American Sociological Review from 1977 to 1981 and the manuscripts’ subsequent citations reveals no relationship. However, reviewers’ comments show that reviewers focused on the soundness of the manuscripts’ arguments, not their potential impact. The case shows that a review process that results in publications of variable impact is not necessarily a failing of peer review, but rather a consequence of reviewers and citers draw on different dimensions of value. The third case study examines the consequences for quantitative sociology of the common bias for positive findings in peer review. Using hundreds of studies that use the General Social Survey, the published statistical relationships are perturbed by slight changes to the model specifications. Results show that at the time of publication, results are relatively robust to this perturbation. Additionally, the published relationships are estimated using waves of the Survey that appeared after publication. Results indicate that published findings are weakened much more by social change. The last case focuses on the consequences of scientific peer review judgments outside of the sphere of science. By measuring rates at which millions of scientific journals are used as sources in Wikipedia, the largest online encyclopedia, I show that Wikipedia editors preferentially use high impact and the more accessible (open access) journals. The case shows that increased accessibility of the scientific literature improves its diffusion to the lay public and that a status ordering that review practices establish in one sphere, science, may be exported wholesale to a disparate context, Wikipedia.
Haney, David Paul. "Democratic ideals, scientific identities, and the struggle for a public sociology in the United States, 1945-1962 /". Digital version accessible at:, 1998. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/utexas/main.
Pełny tekst źródłaEngelskirchen, Howard. "The Aristotelian Marx and scientific realism a perspective on social kinds in social theory /". Diss., Online access via UMI:, 2007.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaYoshioka, Takeko. "National crime prevention strategies for Japan: Implications of scientific knowledge and international guidelines". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/27091.
Pełny tekst źródłaWylie, Caitlin Donahue. "Invisible technicians : a sociology of scientific work, workers, and specimens in paleontology laboratories". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.608049.
Pełny tekst źródłaLynch, William T. "Politics in Hobbes' mechanics: a case study in the sociology of scientific knowledge". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/45200.
Pełny tekst źródłaA case study in the sociology of scientific knowledge is presented involving an examination of the development of Thomas Hobbes' mechanics in light of Hobbes' political views and the political context. Hobbes provides a good subject for research in the sociology of scientific knowledge for at least two reasons. First, Hobbes is a good case for examining the interaction between science and the broader political context. Given the controversial nature of Hobbes' political writings (supposedly grounded in his mechanics and aimed at resolving contemporary political problems), the possibility that political considerations entered into the production and reception of Hobbes' mechanics deserves attention. Second, applying new perspectives in the sociology of scientific knowledge can be shown to provide an unexpected payoff in helping resolve persistent disputes among intellectual and political historians regarding the interpretation of Hobbes' work. Specifically, a number of confusions about the relationship between Hobbes' political philosophy and his mechanical philosophy can be cleared up by recognizing that his political views may have influenced his mechanics. The perspective of a general sociology of scientific knowledge provides an appropriate tool for overcoming the reluctance of many political and intellectual historians to examine the social roots of a scientific theory. Hobbes' goal of providing a political philosophy to resolve political turmoil, within the context of Hobbes' participation in discussions on mechanics and mechanical philosophy , resulted in the particular mechanical approach Hobbes embraced.
Master of Science
Yazdanpanah, Héléna. "Les avocats d'entreprises et leurs clients : pratiques collectives et conseils individuels en droit social". Thesis, Université de Lille (2018-2021), 2021. http://www.theses.fr/2021LILUD021.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn France, the construction of employment law and its rapid increase of complexity, as well as the increase in demand for specialized legal services, lead lawyers to develop an expertise in this field. Law can be both a frame of reference and a ressource for companies. At the crossroads of the sociology of the legal professions and the sociology of law, this dissertation examines the practice of business lawyers who specialize in employment law and combine an advisory and litigation activity. We study the organization of law firms and show how lawyers collectively work to develop their professional practices and defend their clients’ interests. We first look at the professional contexts of lawyers and their professional socialization, which leads to common conceptions of their professional role and of employment law, oriented in their practice towards management. Secondly, we show how lawyers bring employer practices into line with legal standards. Lawyers’ interventions take place within the framework of a service relationship in which the lawyers have more or less authority depending on the duration and involvement of the two parties in the relationship and the legal resources available to the clients. Finally, we show how lawyers teach their clients to use employment law strategically. The empirical material that supports this reflection consists of interviews with lawyers in three bars. In addition, we conducted observations of meetings (face-to-face or by telephone) between lawyers and their clients in one law firm. Finally, we observed the meetings and conventions of two associations of lawyers who develop expertise in employment law for companies
Collas, Thomas. "La pâte et le décor : considération et formes professionnelles dans le monde des pâtissiers". Thesis, Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015IEPP0029.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe thesis describes the heterogenous world of pâtissiers – in terms of products and work situations – in France from the late 1970’s to the early 2010’s in the light of a sociological question : to what extent do marks of consideration sent to workers and to their work contribute to stabilize professional forms, be it professional groups, professional segments (elitarian or not) or individual trajectories ? The three parts of the thesis are based on empirical research, interweaving archive and ethnographic materials. An original prosopographical database is exploited through sequence analysis. The first part of the thesis presents an analysis of competing jurisdictional claims describing a group of pâtissiers and explicitly aesthetic choices that these claims reveal. In a second part, three arenas of definition of pâtissier work (pâtissier competitions, an elitarian association and critics) are compared with regard to rhetorics of excellence they convey and the elitarian segments they contribute to stabilize. The third part looks at individual trajectories that are partly built on these marks of consideration. In so doing, the cumulative advantage models are discussed. The thesis shows that entrepreneurship and decoration skills are recurrent principles of consideration of pâtissier work
Butler, Andrew George. "Seeing sanitation:a social scientific account of Christchurch’s post-quake sanitary infrastructure". Thesis, University of Canterbury. School of Social and Political Sciences, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/7888.
Pełny tekst źródłaSonnett, John H. "Representing the Earth: Global Climate Issues in Popular, Political, Scientific, Business, Industry, and Environmentalist News; A New Old Sociology of Knowledge". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/194806.
Pełny tekst źródłaStephens, Neil. "Why macroeconomic orthodoxy changes so quickly : the sociology of scientific knowledge and the Phillips Curve". Thesis, Cardiff University, 2005. http://orca.cf.ac.uk/55412/.
Pełny tekst źródłaMiller, Bradley Dean 1959. "Literacy in contexts of transnational professional practice: The case of the globalized professions in the United States". Diss., The University of Arizona, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/282805.
Pełny tekst źródłaHsu, Chia-Ling. "La mondialisation de la gastronomie française : le cas de la diffusion à Taïwan". Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016USPCC232/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe mobility of chefs and cooks is one of the reasons of globalization of French gastronomy. The internationalization of French culinary schools enhances such a process, because they facilitate the institutionalization of the professional of the culinary arts. This thesis is based on a qualitative study Taiwanese students who came to France to learn the French cuisine. Based on interviews conducted in France, Taiwan and China with the various actors in the sector of catering, I find out the processes transmission of knowledge and the know-how of French gastronomy by a geographical analysis at different scales (global, regional and local). I also study the evolution of culinary profession in Taiwan. After these students came back to Taiwan, because of the creation of their own restaurants or pastries, they became the important actors in importing the knowledge and the techniques. On the other hand, they do not contribute to the transformation of the food consumption, but also to the hybridization of French gastronomy through the adaptation of the local eating habits. These Taiwanese actors are not only recipients of French gastronomy, in the sense that they play the role on dissemination of Western/French gastronomy to China. M, study shows thus that Taiwanese are mediators in transferring Western food in East Asia
Ramírez-i-Ollé, Meritxell. "The making of dendroclimatological knowledge : a symmetrical account of trust and scepticism in science". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/26023.
Pełny tekst źródłaAufort, Adrien. "Homo photographicus : sociogenèse du métier de photographe en France". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2024. http://www.theses.fr/2024SORUL023.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis doctorate thesis aims to study the profession of photographer through the lens of sociology and history.A current portrait (2018-2023) of the professionals is drawn up by analyzing 30 interviews and 258 responses to an online questionnaire. Education, sociability, technique, aesthetic preferences and cultural habits are described in detail. In the manner of a replicability experiment, some of the results of this double survey reinforce the conclusions of previous work, particularly with regard to the socio-demographic determinants of entry into the profession. Others are more original, such as the influence of seniority on income, or the influence of geographical location on winning a prize. Professional success is also addressed and understood as the match between an ‘extended setup', a link between man and machine, and social representations. The latter are the fruit of the photographers' work, both on the photographic images they produce and on the self-image they cultivate. A historical correspondence (1910-1952) was also established by analyzing 778 issues of the magazine Le Photographe. From its beginnings as a corporate body to its legal, political and institutional achievements, the profession has a rich history. Understood as an individual and collective enterprise, the profession of photographer is seemingly in a constant state of crisis. It requires not only a constant negotiation with technological changes as they arise, but also with other users of the photographic medium
Castellvi, César. "Le journaliste et son entreprise au Japon : étude sociologique du travail et des carrières dans un modèle professionnel en mutation". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH133/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on the evolution of the relationship between Japanese daily press reporters and the newspaper companies for which they work. At the crossroad of the interactionist sociology of professions, sociology of journalism and economic sociology, this work is mainly built on fieldwork conducted within the newsroom of one national newspaper, the Asahi Shimbun, the second biggest newspaper in the world regarding circulation and readership. Journalism in Japan is structured around one central element: the company. Large companies train their employees, protect reporters from labor competition by integrating them in their internal market, and by controlling access to the main news sources. In turn, they expect from their reporters a strong commitment in work and the acceptance of the appropriation of their work by the company. All those items constitute the organizational logic of Japanese journalism. The first aim of the thesis is to describe the main features of this model, while showing how some elements related to an occupational logic subsist. A second aim is to analyze the impact of two movements. Specific to the newspaper industry, the first one is related to the evolution of the readership and the editorial policies established by newspaper companies confronted to this evolution. The second, which is more generally related to the world of work in Japan, refers to the transformation of the role played by the company in society. Observations conducted within the newsroom of this newspaper company during three years, qualitative interviews and a statistical analysis has allowed us to examine the careers and the division of labor, and to see what concrete evolutions are related to the weakening of the organizational logic
Legrand, Julia. "L’incertitude psychiatrique : une sociologie de la prescription de psychotropes en psychiatrie publique". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris 8, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020PA080021.
Pełny tekst źródłaPsychotropic drugs are often looked at threw two opposite prisms: as a liberating "panacea" on the one hand, and as a restrictive "chemical straitjacket" on the other. This cleavage also characterizes the representation of psychiatrists’ prescribing activities, as psychotropic drug specialists. The pharmacological issue is particularly structuring in the psychiatric field, especially as it is increasingly central in the activity of psychiatric hospitals. Exploring the issue of drug prescription is therefore necessary in order to understand contemporary public psychiatry. At the border between science studies and the sociology of health, work and professions, this thesis aims to shed light on psychiatric prescription methods, and in particular to understand which disorder ant patient classification processes govern substance choices. The core of this research is based on the following paradox: psychiatry as a profession is publicly legitimized by an image based on its expertise and the innovative power of its drug treatments. Why, then, seems psychotropic drug prescription so under-valued by some of its members? Based on interviews of representatives of the profession, a website indexing of the main segments of psychiatry and a comparative ethnographic survey of two public institutions, this thesis addresses the issue of drug prescription from the most macro-sociological scale to the finest level of analysis - from prescribing as a professional valorization tool to prescriptions during psychiatrist-patient sessions
Castellvi, César. "Le journaliste et son entreprise au Japon : étude sociologique du travail et des carrières dans un modèle professionnel en mutation". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH133.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis focuses on the evolution of the relationship between Japanese daily press reporters and the newspaper companies for which they work. At the crossroad of the interactionist sociology of professions, sociology of journalism and economic sociology, this work is mainly built on fieldwork conducted within the newsroom of one national newspaper, the Asahi Shimbun, the second biggest newspaper in the world regarding circulation and readership. Journalism in Japan is structured around one central element: the company. Large companies train their employees, protect reporters from labor competition by integrating them in their internal market, and by controlling access to the main news sources. In turn, they expect from their reporters a strong commitment in work and the acceptance of the appropriation of their work by the company. All those items constitute the organizational logic of Japanese journalism. The first aim of the thesis is to describe the main features of this model, while showing how some elements related to an occupational logic subsist. A second aim is to analyze the impact of two movements. Specific to the newspaper industry, the first one is related to the evolution of the readership and the editorial policies established by newspaper companies confronted to this evolution. The second, which is more generally related to the world of work in Japan, refers to the transformation of the role played by the company in society. Observations conducted within the newsroom of this newspaper company during three years, qualitative interviews and a statistical analysis has allowed us to examine the careers and the division of labor, and to see what concrete evolutions are related to the weakening of the organizational logic
Santana, Acuna Alvaro Agustin. "The Making of a National Cadastre (1763-1807): State Uniformization, Nature Valuation, and Organizational Change in France". Thesis, Harvard University, 2014. http://nrs.harvard.edu/urn-3:HUL.InstRepos:13065020.
Pełny tekst źródłaSociology
Henley, Megan M., i Megan M. Henley. "Science and Service: Doula Work and the Legitimacy of Alternative Knowledge Systems". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/621107.
Pełny tekst źródłaAvril, Lola. "Le costume sous la robe : les avocats en professionnels multi-cartes de l’Etat régulateur européen : genèse, consolidation, contestations (1957-2019)". Thesis, Paris 1, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA01D033.
Pełny tekst źródłaStudying the role of lawyers in European public policies, this thesis highlights their multitask role in EU policies. Thus, it intends to tackle two issues: on the one hand, the impact of supranational institutions on the national systems of professions and on the other hand, how a group of professionals seize these institutions. Using methods from history, political science and sociology of law, relying on various sources (archives, interviews, a data base), this research highlights the role of lawyers, as actors of European integration. This thesis retraces the genesis of the regulatory lawyer, in a coproduction process with the building of the Regulatory State. This process is presented as the result of coalitions of various actors. Using judicialization as a way to extend their jurisdiction, these lawyers appear to be hybrid professionals, at the crossroad of law and politics, the public and the private sector, the national and the transnational levels
Williams, Glenn. "The Criminalization of Recreational Marijuana Use in Canada: A Scientific, Social, Legal and Philosophical Analysis Based On the Work of Douglas Husak". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28614.
Pełny tekst źródłaSekulovic, Adriana. "Profession : agent sportif : contribution à une théorie des modèles professionnels". Thesis, Paris 10, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013PA100023/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis views sports agents as actors evolving in a dynamic, complex and multi-dimensional work environment. Profession, occupation and work, these three terms, although often used interchangeably yet, remain amphibological given their extreme polysemy. The object of this research arises in light of that ambivalence as a study of an atypical profession with an uncompleted status, teetering between regulation and autonomy. The first section of the study aims to help specify and clarify the terminology being used. In doing so, using the literature from the sociology of professions, it provides a starting point for a suitable theoretical framework that could be applied to the profession of sports agent or to the (sports) agency practice, as a whole. The occupational model of sports agent is framed in such a way that the professional self-regulation is restricted by Sports governing Bodies and State regulatory interventions. Therefore we propose to re-examine the organization and regulation of the sports agents’ activities. The findings indicate significant differences between the regulations applicable to sports agents. The inefficiency of the current regulations whether they are enacted by national sports federations, international sports federation or by the State is closely related to the internal professional dynamics that these regulations disturb. The thesis examines therefore the tasks of sports agents, the individuals that carry them out, and the variable and inconstant connections that tie one to the other. In this respect, as a means of a more accurate conceptualization of its object of analysis, this research describes sports agents’ activities quantitatively and qualitatively, exploring various dimensions and aspects such as the foundations of the profession, the social role of sports agents, the different typologies of sports agents and the occupational tasks accomplished by each. It also highlights the international scope of sports agents’ activities
Bailey, Moira. "Developmentalism : from here to there : is heutagogy the way there for HR?" Thesis, University of Stirling, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/17260.
Pełny tekst źródłaHenriques, Augusto José de Proença Baleiras. "Os osteopatas em Portugal: processo de profissionalização e formação identitária". Master's thesis, Universidade de Évora, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10174/11980.
Pełny tekst źródłaMushakoji, Sumiko. "The process of knowledge construction : a triple parallel wrighting of science, sociology of scientific knowledge and a candidate PhD thesis". Thesis, Loughborough University, 1999. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/27066.
Pełny tekst źródłaWassal, Terence John. "The development of scientific knowledge in relation to the development of societies : a problem in the contemporary sociology of science". Thesis, University of Leeds, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.586900.
Pełny tekst źródłaLevine, Ethan Czuy. "Studying Rape: The Production of Scientific Knowledge about Sexual Violence in the United States and Canada". Diss., Temple University Libraries, 2018. http://cdm16002.contentdm.oclc.org/cdm/ref/collection/p245801coll10/id/502951.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh.D.
In 1987, statistics transformed rape from a rare and personal concern into an epidemic in popular consciousness. Mary Koss and colleagues conducted victimization surveys with thousands of college women, 1 in 4 of whom reported completed or attempted rape. This finding received tremendous attention in the 1980s, and continues to influence activists and state officials. Notwithstanding the importance of this and other scientific facts, scholars have rarely explored the role of scientists in shaping perceptions of and responses to sexual violence. This project addresses that gap in the literature, via the following questions: (1) how have scientists conceptualized sexual violence among adults; and (2) what social mechanisms enable, constrain, and otherwise influence scientific research on sexual violence? Drawing on insights from feminist science studies, I approach sexual violence as an intra-active phenomenon, and regard objects of study (sexual violence) as inseparable from agencies of observation (research instruments, researchers). Data came from three sources: content analysis of journal abstracts (N=1,313), in-depth assessment of texts in different subfields (N=84), and interviews with researchers (N=31). Ultimately, I argue that sexual violence research has been dominated by psychological inquiries, as well as gendered assumptions regarding who is most capable of perpetrating and experiencing rape. Scientists have produced a tremendous body of knowledge regarding the individual-level causes, individual-level outcomes, and prevalence of men’s sexual aggression toward women. Systemic forces and sexual violence that deviates from this particular gendered pattern remain underexamined. I further argue that scientific research on sexual violence is shaped by a range of social mechanisms that are particular to fields associated with questions of social morality and social movements including feminism(s).
Temple University--Theses
Kocabas, Ozlem. "Scientific Careers And Ideological Profiles Of Science Olympiad Participants From Fethullah Gulen And Other Secondary Schools In Turkey". Master's thesis, METU, 2006. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607217/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłalen Community, which has become a part of struggle in education field to affect the reproductive function of education. Lastly, this study aims to depict the varieties in their scientific careers and ideological profiles of the former Olympiad participants who graduated from different types of high schools.
Dahan, Aubépine. "Mettre en œuvre le changement dans une organisation professionnelle publique? : Pratiques et identité professionnelles face aux réformes". Thesis, Paris Est, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011PEST0050.
Pełny tekst źródłaBased on an empirical study of how academics did or did not adopt new practices after the reform of doctoral school in France, my PhD thesis studies how a top-down organizational reform can change practices among autonomous professionals. New practices are effectively adopted only when they make sense relatively to extant professional identities. The latter do not evolve in response to a precise steering by the reformers, but to new problems definition by the professionals, leading to new ways of doing. Consequently, a radical change of practice implying an evolution of identity cannot be steered from top-down, but only supported by the organizational structure. Regular contacts between professional groups and with other stakeholders (users, citizens, funders) create a favorable context for such a change. My thesis discusses the possible scope of action for reformers in professional public organizations and the levers of change they might rely on
Pasian, Pamela. "La doula in Italia Nascita, formazione e legittimazione di una professione". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3424796.
Pełny tekst źródłaLa ricerca ha l’obiettivo di indagare la professione della doula in Italia. La doula si configura come una professionista che offre supporto informativo, emotivo e pratico alla donna e alla famiglia, dalla gravidanza sino al primo anno di vita del bambino. Il profilo, nato negli Stati Uniti negli anni Settanta, ha iniziato a svilupparsi nel nostro Paese a partire dagli ultimi anni del Novecento e nel 2007 è stata fondata la prima scuola delle doule. Attualmente le doule formate dai differenti percorsi sono circa seicento ed è possibile stimare, secondo quando riferito dalle presidenti delle principali associazioni di doule, che a svolgere l’attività siano circa trecento professioniste. La figura della doula è disciplinata dalla legge numero 4 del 2013 “Disposizioni in materia di professioni non organizzate”. La ricerca si propone di indagare la professione della doula attraverso lo studio delle pratiche, delle rappresentazioni e dei processi di riconoscimento e legittimazione sviluppati dalle professioniste, al fine di comprendere il modo in cui la figura sta definendo il proprio spazio all’interno del sistema delle professioni. Dalla tradizione sociologica della Scuola di Chicago, ed in particolare dalla teorizzazione sviluppata da Andrew Abbott (1988), si adotterà come riferimento il concetto di professione. All’interno di un’ecologia ciò che accade ad un elemento influisce necessariamente su tutti gli altri elementi del sistema. In questo senso, l’emergere della figura della doula, impegnata ad acquisire il controllo di una determinata area di lavoro, coinvolge le altre professioni che operano nell’area materno-infantile. In particolare, nell’esperienza delle doule, l’ecologia più prossima riguarda il gruppo professionale delle ostetriche, il quale, attraverso l’organo di rappresentanza, la Federazione Nazionale dei Collegi delle Ostetriche, ha manifestato opposizione alla figura sin dai suoi esordi. Lo studio ha quindi coinvolto anche il gruppo professionale delle ostetriche. La ricerca si basa sull’analisi di interviste ed etnografia. Sono state realizzate trentadue interviste a doule, quattordici ad ostetriche e quattro ad attori privilegiati. Le interviste sono state caratterizzate da una stessa impostazione metodologica, frutto della fusione tra il modello etnosociologico (Bertaux 1999) e l’approccio dialogico (La Mendola 2009). L’etnografica ha avuto luogo in eventi formativi e sociali rivolti a doule nei quali ho preso parte in quanto doula e i diari alternano note osservative, metodologiche, teoriche ed emotive (Gobo 2001, Corsaro 1985) e passaggi autoetnografici (Ellis 1995, Ellis et al. 2011). Attraverso lo studio della professione della doula l’elaborato si propone di comprendere la nascita di una professione innovativa, da un punto di vista ecologico, analizzando quindi le competizioni interne ed esterne per la definizione della jurisdiction culturale e sociale. Inoltre, il lavoro ambisce a contribuire all’indagine dei processi di trasformazione che stanno interessando le professioni in Italia.
Wreder, Malin. "I omsorgens namn : Tre diskurser om äldreomsorg". Doctoral thesis, Karlstads universitet, Institutionen för samhällsvetenskap, 2005. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kau:diva-2322.
Pełny tekst źródłaKnefel, Ann Margaret Callender. "Exploring Educational Initiatives in Nanotechnology Networks". Diss., Virginia Tech, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29575.
Pełny tekst źródłaPh. D.
Sköld, Mathias, i Ruta Darzinskaite. "Ungas syn på yrken i ett mångkulturellt samhälle : Utlandsfödda gymnasieelevers värderingar om yrken och sin egen framtid på arbetsmarknaden". Thesis, Stockholms universitet, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:su:diva-58625.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of the present study is to examine how foreign-born secondary school students look at careers and their own futures in the labor market. The theoretical starting point to explore this is Brown's theory of cultural values and work values that govern individuals in their career path. We used a quantitative method, where surveys were distributed to foreign-born high school students in two different schools in the Stockholm area. The results show that occupations with high status are professions that traditionally have high status and are well-known professions internationally. In conclusion, when the knowledge of the labor market is limited, career development follows through an interaction between values and social factors. Respondents are largely born in societies dominated by group-oriented cultures where properties such as helping each other is highly valued in the choice of occupation and professions status Our results also indicate that parents strongly influence the future career choice of the respondents. Respondents' future career choices are made using a transnational perspective in which they value occupations based on the cultural environment in which they live now and where they were born in.
Shaeffer, Megan K. "Professional Identity and Professionalization in Archaeology: A Sociological View". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1476888346964438.
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