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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Social mobility – case studies"
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BARKER, BERNARD, i KATE HOSKINS. "Education, inequality and social mobility: Key findings from three case studies". FORUM 63, nr 1 (2021): 107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/forum.2021.63.1.107.
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Barker, Bernard, i Kate Hoskins. "Education, inequality and social mobility: Key findings from three case studies". FORUM 63, nr 1 (1.03.2021): 107–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.3898/forum.2021.63.1.12.
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This paper reports the findings of the authors' three case studies of school and undergraduate student aspirations and progression pathways, and examines the implications for current policy and research in relation to social mobility. The studies challenge the government's preference for individualist, education-based solutions to the problems of social justice, including the under-representation of disadvantaged young people in elite universities and workplaces. They argue that the individualist perspective grossly underestimates the role of underlying structures, including social class, and the influence of families, through transmitted economic, social and cultural capital. Large-scale quantitative studies tend to compound this bias by measuring social mobility in terms of male income progression, and by neglecting the contribution of women and family networks to social fluidity. Entrenched patterns of advantage and disadvantage are likely to persist until there is a determined and consistent effort to pursue the logic of the 2010 Equality Act, especially by bringing the socio-economic duty into force and ensuring that every employer complies with its requirements. Education alone is not enough.
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Solís Gutiérrez, Patricio. "Social mobility in Mexico. Trends, Recent Findings and Research Challenges". Revista Trace, nr 62 (16.07.2018): 7. http://dx.doi.org/10.22134/trace.62.2012.454.
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La recesión de los años ochenta y la subsecuente reestructuración económica tuvieron un profundo impacto en la sociedad mexicana. No obstante, sus consecuencias sobre la movilidad social no fueron analizadas hasta finales de los noventa, cuando una serie de estudios empíricos revelaron las continuidades y los cambios en los patrones de movilidad social. En este artículo se discuten cuatro tendencias recientes: la continuidad de las altas tasas absolutas de movilidad intergeneracional; la reducción de las recompensas monetarias asociadas a la movilidad ocupacional; la creciente rigidez en las tasas relativas de movilidad; y el ajuste del caso mexicano al patrón de movilidad general propuesto por Erikson y Goldthorpe. El panorama que resulta de estas tendencias es el de una sociedad que, a pesar los efectos negativos de la crisis y los cambios estructurales de los años ochenta y noventa, ha mantenido altas tasas de movilidad social, pero sufre en otros aspectos como la calidad de las oportunidades de movilidad ascendente y la creciente desigualdad de oportunidades asociada a los orígenes de clase. El artículo concluye con una discusión sobre posibles líneas futuras de investigación de los estudios sobre movilidad social en México.Abstract: The recession of the 1980s and subsequent economic restructuring in the 1990s had a profound impact on Mexican society. However, the consequences in social mobility were not fully explored until the end of the 1990s, when a series of empirical studies revealed continuities and changes in mobility patterns. The purpose of this article is to discuss trends in intergenerational social mobility. Four findings are discussed: the continuity of high overall and upward mobility rates; the reduction of monetary gains associated to upward occupational mobility; the increasing rigidity in relative rates of occupational mobility; and the overall compliance of the Mexican case to Erikson and Golthorpe’s core model of social fluidity. The picture emerging from these findings depicts a society that, notwithstanding the negative effects of the economic recession and structural changes of the 1980s and 1990s, maintained high rates of structural mobility, but suffered in other aspects such as the decrease in the quality of opportunities of upward mobility, as well as the increasing inequality of opportunity by class origins. The article concludes with a discussion of future avenues of research for social mobility studies in Mexico.Résumé : La récession des années 1980 et la subséquente restructuration économique des années 1990 a causé un impact profond sur la société mexicaine. Néanmoins, ses conséquences sur la mobilité sociale n’ont été entièrement explorées qu’à la fin des années 1990, quand une série d’études empiriques a dévoilé des continuités et des changements dans les modèles de mobilité. Le but de cet article est d’analyser les tendances de la mobilité sociale inter générationnelle. Le débat porte sur quatre découvertes: la continuité de taux élevés d’ascension dans l’échelle sociale ; la réduction des entrées monétaires associée à une mobilité occupationnelle plus importante ; la rigidité croissante des taux relatifs à la mobilité occupationnelle ; et la totale conformité du cas mexicain au modèle type de fluidité sociale d’Erickson et Golthorpe. L’image qui émerge de ces résultats décrit une société qui, malgré les effets négatifs de la récession économique et les réformes structurelles des années 1980 et 1990, maintient de hauts indices de mobilité structurelle, mais qui paie les conséquences d’autres aspects tels que la baisse de la qualité des opportunités d’ascension dans l’échelle sociale, ainsi que l’augmentation de l’inégalité d’opportunités données par la classe d’origine. L’article conclut par une discus- sion sur les futures voies de recherche possibles pour affiner les études sur la mobilité sociale au Mexique.
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Pott, Andreas. "Ethnicity and social mobility: The case of Turks in Germany". Journal of International Migration and Integration / Revue de l'integration et de la migration internationale 2, nr 2 (czerwiec 2001): 169–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s12134-001-1026-8.
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MUSTERD, SAKO, i ROGER ANDERSSON. "Employment, Social Mobility and Neighbourhood Effects: The Case of Sweden". International Journal of Urban and Regional Research 30, nr 1 (marzec 2006): 120–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1468-2427.2006.00640.x.
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Varriale, Simone. "Unequal Youth Migrations: Exploring the Synchrony between Social Ageing and Social Mobility among Post-Crisis European Migrants". Sociology 53, nr 6 (18.07.2019): 1160–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0038038519858044.
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This article explores how symbolic boundaries between youth and adulthood shape experiences of upward and downward social mobility among EU migrants. Drawing on 56 biographical interviews with Italians who moved to England after the 2008 economic crisis, and focusing on three individual case studies, the article reveals that normative understandings of adulthood emerge as a central concern from participants’ biographical accounts, and that they mobilise unequal forms of cultural, economic and social capital to maintain a feeling of ‘synch’ between social ageing and social mobility. Drawing on Bourdieu and the sociology of adulthood, the article proposes the notion of synchrony to explore how tensions in the relationship between social ageing and social mobility shape experiences of migration. This allows for an innovative theoretical bridge between cultural class analysis, adulthood studies and migration studies, and for a better understanding of how intersections of class and age shape intra-European migrations.
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Özdemir, Feriha. "Service innovation in case of electromobility". European Journal of Social Sciences Education and Research 10, nr 2 (19.05.2017): 187. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejser.v10i2.p187-192.
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Studies show that electromobility will emerge in urban areas. As urban mobility solutions are changing, electromobility is intended with a big potential of sustainable innovation. Nevertheless, changing the mobility culture depends on certain requirements. According to Urri, the automobile development lies in breaking the dominant role of cars which results in a development deadlock. In order to change the mobility culture, the mental approach to mobility options and the infrastructural conditions need to be considered as two central factors. Future mobility isn´t about less mobility, but rather a different way of being mobile and using different types of mobility solutions. This paper presents a research project that is based on the systemic-relational approach. It seeks to develop and introduce the conditions of electromobility in an urban area without a well-frequented local public transport by a networked innovation cooperation in four development areas. The central goal of this work is the integrated development of service innovation of technical and non-technical manner based on the network of project partners, the city council and the university. A change towards electromobility means changing infrastructure, market actors and business models. It signifies a change of social-cultural systems regarding mobility habits, practices and values. One of our main results show that the emotional perception by using experiences of electromobility has a positive effect on its social acceptability which raises the “flow factor” of electromobility.
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Özdemir, Feriha. "Service Innovation in Case of Electromobility". Humanities Today: Proceedings 2, nr 1 (1.04.2023): 63–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/htpr-2023-0007.
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Abstract Studies show that electromobility will emerge in urban areas. As urban mobility solutions are changing, electromobility is intended with a big potential of sustainable innovation. Nevertheless, changing the mobility culture depends on certain requirements. According to Urri, the automobile development lies in breaking the dominant role of cars which results in a development deadlock. In order to change the mobility culture, the mental approach to mobility options and the infrastructural conditions need to be considered as two central factors. Future mobility isn´t about less mobility, but rather a different way of being mobile and using different types of mobility solutions. This paper presents a research project that is based on the systemic-relational approach. It seeks to develop and introduce the conditions of electromobility in an urban area without a well-frequented local public transport by a networked innovation cooperation in four development areas. The central goal of this work is the integrated development of service innovation of technical and non-technical manner based on the network of project partners, the city council and the university. A change towards electromobility means changing infrastructure, market actors and business models. It signifies a change of social-cultural systems regarding mobility habits, practices and values. One of our main results show that the emotional perception by using experiences of electromobility has a positive effect on its social acceptability which raises the “flow factor” of electromobility.
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Cepeliauskaite, Gabriele, Benno Keppner, Zivile Simkute, Zaneta Stasiskiene, Leon Leuser, Ieva Kalnina, Nika Kotovica, Jānis Andiņš i Marek Muiste. "Smart-Mobility Services for Climate Mitigation in Urban Areas: Case Studies of Baltic Countries and Germany". Sustainability 13, nr 8 (7.04.2021): 4127. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13084127.
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The transport sector is one of the largest contributors of CO2 emissions and other greenhouse gases. In order to achieve the Paris goal of decreasing the global average temperature by 2 °C, urgent and transformative actions in urban mobility are required. As a sub-domain of the smart-city concept, smart-mobility-solutions integration at the municipal level is thought to have environmental, economic and social benefits, e.g., reducing air pollution in cities, providing new markets for alternative mobility and ensuring universal access to public transportation. Therefore, this article aims to analyze the relevance of smart mobility in creating a cleaner environment and provide strategic and practical examples of smart-mobility services in four European cities: Berlin (Germany), Kaunas (Lithuania), Riga (Latvia) and Tartu (Estonia). The paper presents a systematized literature review about the potential of smart-mobility services in reducing the negative environmental impact to urban environments in various cities. The authors highlight broad opportunities from the European Union and municipal documents for smart-mobility initiatives. The theoretical part is supplemented by socioeconomic and environmental descriptions, as well as experience, related to smart-mobility services in the four cities selected.
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Amundsen, Kristine Rabben, i Kari Anne I. Evensen. "Physical Therapy Intervention for a Child With Congenital Zika Virus Syndrome: A Case Report". Child Neurology Open 7 (1.01.2020): 2329048X1989619. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2329048x19896190.
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No studies have described physical therapy treatment for children with congenital Zika virus syndrome. In this case report, the authors aimed to improve postural control, mobility, and social skills in a 17- to 18-month-old child with congenital Zika virus syndrome through a period of 6-week home-based, intensive physical therapy intervention. Outcome measures were the Posture and Postural Ability Scale, Pediatric Evaluation of Disability Inventory, and Caregiver Priorities and Child Health Index of Life With Disabilities. From pre- to postintervention, the child’s Posture and Postural Ability Scale scores increased for level of postural ability in the prone position and postural alignment in all 4 positions (prone, supine, sitting, and standing). The authors saw an overall improvement in mobility and social skills from preintervention to follow-up 3 weeks after intervention. In conclusion, postural control, mobility, and social skills improved for a child with congenital Zika virus syndrome after physical therapy intervention, but future studies are required to confirm these findings.
Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Social mobility – case studies"
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Emami, Leila. "Pursuing Women-Empowerment in the Public Transport System : A case study in Sweden". Thesis, Högskolan i Halmstad, Akademin för hälsa och välfärd, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-43504.
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This case study applies women's empowerment and feminist theories to discuss the transport system's possible link with women empowerment and understand how a gender-responsive transport system based on women's complex needs would empower them and improve their status of health and well-being. The research area is two small urban in Sweden with less than 1500 populations. The present study investigates the local women's mobility behavior to discover their daily travel challenges. Moreover, determining whether the local transport project, including the train station's commencement, is gender-aware in the policymaking and implementation part and conscious about the gender-mainstreaming and gender equality policies. This research practices the qualitative method by employing semi-structured interviews with a small sample-group of women in the regions. The interpretation of data is being used as the theoretical knowledge approach. Besides, when the COVID-19 pandemic changed people's mobility behavior, they avoided using public transport for safety measurements and working from home. The research's last aim is to observe any change in people's mindset, behavior, and trust level in public transport. The result shows a clear connection between the transportation system and women's empowerment and their well-being. The study presents having gender-awareness perspectives, and raising gender consciousness is necessary if the ultimate aim is designing an equitable transport system to support women's empowerment. The research demonstrates that women still trust and prefer the public transport system and are ready to use it again after the COVID-19 and familiar situation.
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Lichtenberg, Rose, Patricia Guimarães i Heleen Podsedkowska. "Personal Rapid Transit systems for reduction in car dependence Karlskrona case study". Thesis, Blekinge Tekniska Högskola, Avdelningen för maskinteknik, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:bth-3500.
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This research project is designed to enhance the planning process that can aid authorities moving towards sustainable and economically feasible local and regional mobility systems. The improvements that have been made to transit so far have not been successful in breaking the trend of increasing car traffic and decreasing transit trip making. This means that sustainable mobility is a complex system which also encompasses changing attitudes and behaviours, integrating spatial and energy planning into it, and looking upstream to affect the causes of the problem instead of downstream to just fix its consequences. Environmental impacts (noise, pollution, health problems), accidents and congestion are all by-products of transport activities – they are the so-called external costs – and must be made part of the equation. European guidelines were analysed, as well as the results of many of the European Union‘s mobility research programs. The core of the research analyses how to move Karlskrona municipality‘s mobility system towards its vision of success in the future through the Framework for Strategic Sustainable Development – Sustainable Mobility (FSSD-SM). Backcasting from a sustainable vision in the long-term future is central to this process. The Municipality of Karlskrona, in Sweden, is the case study. A sustainability analysis of Personal Rapid Transit (PRT) systems was undertaken to determine the feasability of integrating this modal system into the mobility solution for Karlskrona municipality.
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Petrossi, Kathryn H. "Expanding the science of successful aging older adults living in continuing care retirement communities (ccrcs) /". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001195.
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Phillips, Ágnes Adél. "“The right thing to do” : COVID-19 emergency work as a migration experience for the international health care students of Hungary". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Institutionen för globala politiska studier (GPS), 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-43527.
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The case study of this thesis is the analysis of international health care students joined the emergency call of local authorities and performed emergency work during COVID-19 to help the Hungarian health care teams and facilities manage the pandemic. Through this case, the thesis puts an existing student interaction typology (Rose-Redwood and Rose-Redwood, 2013) to the test, and sets out to answer how the COVID-19-induced changes in their typology affected the students’ experience of being a migrant in Hungary. With semi-structured interviews and an inductive approach, the thesis identifies three recurring feelings – isolation, gratitude and responsibility – and the core argument of the thesis is that the feelings and migration experiences that the student shared were connected to the disruption of the student interaction typology. This study informs our understanding of student mobility and helps further research account for atypical situations in student mobility research.
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Barnett, Karen Rae. "Transformation of communication practices : a case study of older adults' participation in the information society". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2002.
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The info1mation society marks a shift from the dominance of the industrial to the rise of the "informational" (Castells, 1996, p. 21 ). The effects of this shift on social arrangements generally have been greeted in diverse ways, ranging from the enthusiasm of Negroponte (1995) to the more cautious scepticism of Postman (1992). While recognised as an inevitable and ongoing process, the wider social imperatives for change have brought people and technology together in ways that are often highly problematic. Older people, as one group among others identified as experiencing the disadvantage in the information society, face challenges of adaptation to a new form of literacy and communicative practice. A large body of research is developing to investigate the needs of older people in the new information society, yet little of this
focuses on the full complexity of relationships that exist between the wider institution of communication technologies and the management of these changes in everyday places.
Everyday, mundane activities of older people, as they interface with the discourses and practices of the information society, are, therefore, prioritised in this qualitative study. A purposively structured case study applies Bourdieu's concepts of field and habitus (Bourdieu, 1990) in an ethnomethodological investigation. Levels of social phenomena representative of the field in the context of older people's experiences are assembled in the case study. Qualitative methods of data collection bring three
elements of the field together. Firstly, discourses of the digital divide set the contextual scene for examining persuasions towards computer literacy for older people. Then observations in settings for older learners provide information about building computer competencies. In addition, interviews with geographically dispersed older people allow a range of users, from novices to experts, to contribute to the study. Data analysis based on the dramaturgical perspective of Goffman (1973a, 1973b) and the grammar of motives advocated by Burke (1969a) produce an
interpretive ethnography in which older people's strategies and motives are revealed. The thesis finds that within the full set of relationships in the field of older people's
use of ICT, a complex network of influences operates as discursive and interactive strategies. Motives implied in discourses of the digital divide direct attention towards
the field of ICT and the settings of older people's active engagement with information and communication technologies. Within such settings a range of dispositions towards
technology become obvious. These dispositions are critically important to the ways in which technology is integrated into everyday practices of individuals. In a field of opportunities and constraints computer technology is involved in creating particular communities of interest. Practices with technology promote self-esteem, secure
networks of friendship, and connect the person within the home to the world beyond in real and virtual ways. The case study effectively describes the field of older people's
engagement with computer technology as a microcosm of strategic everyday practices, a contingent set of experiences that enjoin older people with the process of change to an information society.
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Noble, Trevor. "Social mobility trends and social stratification in Britain". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.245787.
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Dingle, Joan Margaret. "Kinship and mobility in early modern England, case studies from Nottinghamshire". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1997. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq24581.pdf.
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Zhang, Hongmou Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Social perspective of mobility sharing : understanding, utilizing, and shaping preference". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/122726.
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Thesis: Ph. D., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning, 2019"June 2019." Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 117-124).
Advances in information and communications technologies are enabling the growth of real-time ride sharing-whereby drivers and passengers or fellow passengers are paired up on car trips with similar origin-destinations and proximate time windows-to improve system efficiency by moving more people in fewer cars. Lesser known, however, are the opportunities of shared mobility as a tool to foster and strengthen human interactions. In this dissertation, I used preference as a lens to investigate the social interaction in mobility sharing, including how the interpersonal preference in mobility sharing can be understood, utilized and reshaped.
More specifically, I answered the questions of how preference could be used to match fellow passengers and to improve trip experiences; how gender, one of the key factors may contribute to this preference; and in the reverse direction, if there are factors in the preference which are unrespectable and need to be changed, whether mobility sharing can be used as a tool to change it, and improve the integration of cities. Besides, I also studied how time flexibility of trips can be incorporated into mobility sharing models to reduce congestion. For policy makers and planners, this dissertation could partially answer or provide a framework of analysis to the following questions.
1) How could preference in mobility sharing services be used or misused? What is the efficiency trade-off, and how to regulate the use of it? 2) What factors may impact the preference for fellow passengers? Are the preference factors respectable, and what factors should be included/excluded in the mobility sharing services from a regulation perspective? 3) How can mobility sharing be actively used as a tool to encourage more social interaction, especially across different social groups? What is the short-term cost, and the long-term benefit? For the system designers of mobility sharing services, this dissertation can be used as a reference for the development of a preference-based mobility sharing platform. The following questions have been traced, and the methods can be improved when more data are available to the system designers.
1) If preference is to be used, what input data are needed, and how they need to be processed for the preference-matching model? 2) What preference factors should be included in the system design, what factors should be used with caution, and what factors should be eliminated? 3) If time flexibility of trips can be included in the system design, how much congestion can be reduced? What system design is needed in order to achieve this congestion reduction?
by Hongmou Zhang.
Ph. D.
Ph.D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Urban Studies and Planning
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Szivas, Edith. "A study of labour mobility into tourism : the case of Hungary". Thesis, University of Surrey, 1997. http://epubs.surrey.ac.uk/650/.
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Branch, Andrew. "Social mobility, masculinity and popular music : the case of glam rock". Thesis, University of East London, 2010. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.533002.
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Since its emergence in the early seventies, glam rock has been theoretically categorized as a moment in British popular culture in which essentialist ideas about male gendered identity in particular were rendered problematic for a popular music audience. In providing both a discursive reading of glam during the period 1971-1974 and new research on glam's influence on its male working-class fans, I argue that whilst this reading of glam is valid, insufficient attention has been given to an examination of the relevance of social mobility vis-ä-vis the construction of self-identity in relation to glam. My thesis is therefore concerned with raising questions about social class in addition to interrogating questions of gender. In undertaking a study of the ethno-biographies of a sample of glam's original working-class male fans, the thesis contends that glam's political significance is better understood as a moment in popular culture in which an educationally aspirant section of the male working class sought to express its difference by identifying with the self-conscious performance of a more feminized masculinity it located in glam. This rearticulation of masculinity, performed by an increasingly self reflexive subject, alive to the social and cultural upheavals of the period, was discursively represented as a modern development in contrast to the dominant representations of working-class masculinity - bound by tradition and community and thus essentialized as resolutely masculine - that had until that historical moment enjoyed hegemonic status. The thesis argues that the modem/unmodern dialectic at play here was replicated in glam's divergent artistic factions, which aligned themselves to competing aesthetic positions. In critiquing this process, the thesis engages with the work of Bourdieu (1993a, 2003,2007a) to raise questions about how this transition from unmodern to modern was affectively experienced by glam's male fans. The thesis concludes with an examination of glam rock's legacies in respect of more recent performances of masculinity by working-class young men seeking mobility. Finally, it draws on Skeggs' (2004) work to argue that class-based identities are always fixed by the more powerful other in order to be morally judged.
Książki na temat "Social mobility – case studies"
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Singh, Vijai P. Caste, class and democracy: Changes in a stratification system. New Brunswick, N.J: Transaction Publishers, 2008.
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Chou, Jung-tê. Social mobility in traditional Chinese society: Community and class. New Brunswick: AldineTransaction, 2011.
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Kell, Peter. Global student mobility in the Asia Pacific: Mobility, migration, security and wellbeing of international students. Newcastle upon Tyne: Cambridge Scholars, 2010.
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Samanta, Dipak Kumar. The dominant weak: A case study of the Nava Bouddha of Maharashtra. Calcutta: Anthropological Survey of India, Ministry of Human Resource Development, Dept. of Culture, Govt. of India, 1991.
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Bude, Heinz. Das Altern einer Generation: Die Jahrgänge 1938 bis 1948. Frankfurt am Main: Suhrkamp, 1995.
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Quoc, Thuy Thach. Classe sociale et mobilité résidentielle: Le cas des Irlandais à Montréal de 1851 à 1871 = Social class and residential mobility : the case of the Irish in Montreal, 1851 to 1871. [Montréal]: Département de géographie, Université McGill, 1985.
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Ciaccio, Renata. Famiglie e denaro: Mobilità sociale e attività creditizie a Cosenza tra Settecento e Ottocento. Cosenza: Le nuvole, 2001.
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Kaur, Kuldip. Development and changing status of scheduled castes: A study of Ambedkar and non-Ambedkar villages in UP. Chandigarh: Centre for Research in Rural & Industrial Development, 2000.
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Bope, Lobo Bundwoong. Afrikanische Gesellschaft im Wandel: Soziale Mobilität und Landflucht am Beispiel der Region Mweka in Zaire. Frankfurt a. Main: Brandes & Apsel, 1991.
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Pandey, Prem Narain. Education and social mobility: A text with reference to scheduled castes. Delhi: Daya Pub. House, 1988.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Social mobility – case studies"
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Ben-Rafael, Eliezer. "Social Mobility and Ethnic Awareness: The Israeli Case". W Studies Israeli Ethnicity, 57–79. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315074696-4.
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Aguiari, Davide, Chiara Contoli, Giovanni Delnevo i Lorenzo Monti. "Smart Mobility and Sensing: Case Studies Based on a Bike Information Gathering Architecture". W Smart Objects and Technologies for Social Good, 112–21. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-76111-4_12.
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Oso, Laura, i Pablo Dalle. "Migration and Social Mobility Between Argentina and Spain: Climbing the Social Hierarchy in the Transnational Space". W Towards a Comparative Analysis of Social Inequalities between Europe and Latin America, 235–64. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-48442-2_8.
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AbstractThis chapter analyses the relationship between migration and social mobility in Argentina and Spain from a transnational perspective focusing on two dimensions: the patterns of intergenerational social mobility of immigrants and natives in both countries; the social mobility strategies and trajectories of Galicians families in Buenos Aires and Argentinians, of Galician origin, who migrated to Galicia after the 2001 crisis. The chapter begins by contextualizing the migratory trends in Europe and Latin America. This is followed by a comparative study of how immigration impacts on the class structure and social mobility patterns in Argentina and Spain. Quantitative analysis techniques are used to study the intergenerational social mobility rates. The statistical analysis of stratification and social mobility surveys have been benchmarked against previous studies conducted in Argentina (Germani, G., Movilidad social en la sociedad industrial. EUDEBA, Buenos Aires, 1963; Dalle, P., Movilidad social desde las clases populares. Un estudio sociológico en el Área Metropolitana de Buenos Aires (1960–2013). CLACSO/Instituto de Investigaciones Gino Germani-UBA/CICCUS, Buenos Aires, 2016) and Spain (Fachelli, S., & López-Roldán, P., Revista Española de Sociología 26:1–20, 2017). Secondly, qualitative research methods are used to consider the social mobility strategies and class trajectories of migrant families. We analyse two fieldworks, developed in the framework of other research projects (based on 44 biographical and semi-structured interviews). These case studies were carried out with Galicians that migrated to Argentina between 1940 and 1960 and Argentinians, of Galician origin, who migrated to Galicia after the 2001 crisis.
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Durst, Judit, i Ábel Bereményi. "“I Felt I Arrived Home”: The Minority Trajectory of Mobility for First-in-Family Hungarian Roma Graduates". W Social and Economic Vulnerability of Roma People, 229–49. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-52588-0_14.
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AbstractThis chapter explores the upward social mobility trajectories, and the corollary prices of them for those 45, first-in-family college educated Roma in Hungary who come from socially disadvantaged and marginalised family and community background. We argue that among the academically high-achieving participants of our study the most common upward mobility trajectory, contrary to the common belief of assimilation, is their distinctive minority mobility path which leads to their selective acculturation into the majority society. This distinctive incorporation into the mainstream is close to what the related academic scholarship calls the ‘minority culture of mobility’. The three main elements of this distinct mobility trajectory among the Roma are (1) The construction of a Roma middle class identity that takes belonging to the Roma community as a source of pride, in contrast of the widespread racial stereotypes in Hungary (and all over Europe) that are closely tied to the perception of Roma as a member of the underclass, (2) The creation of grass-roots ethnic (Roma) organizations and (3) The practice of giving back to their people of origin that relegate many Roma professionals to a particular segment of the labour market, in jobs to help communities in need. However, we argue that in the case of the Hungarian Roma, these elements of the minority culture of mobility did not serve the purpose of their economic mobility as the original concepts (Neckerman et al. Ethnic and Racial Studies 22(6):945–965, 1999) posits, but to mitigate the price of changing social class and to make sense of the hardship of their social ascension.
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Rizzuto, Giuseppe. "Chinese returnee students and cultural production: the case of ex-students of Opera in Italy". W Studi e saggi, 117–37. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0068-4.11.
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The aim of this chapter is to point out the connection between mobility and cultural activities of Chinese returnee opera students. Many Chinese students in Italy attend cultural and artistic university courses. They may be considered significant in analyzing Chinese reverse migration from Italy. The examined connection involves several dynamics, including artistic aspects, historical reasons, social and economic changes, public policies and consumerism styles. Mobility and cultural production may be analyzed through both a structural and imaginative dimension. The structural dimension is composed of international agreements, global mobility law conditions, social and economic changes, and private investments in education to accumulate cultural capital that produce (or reproduce) certain social structures and experiences. On the other hand, the imaginative dimension is shaped by the lifestyle adopted by middle class families, including their work activities and cultural consumption. Returnee students are both the subjects who promote this process and the object of this dynamic. Chinese singers of Italian opera, upon graduating university in Italy, join the possibilities of the work field—in Bourdieu’s perspective—which is formed by the two aforementioned dimensions. Finally, perceived differences between Italy and China in terms of musical technique and culture are reworked according to contemporary cultural policies.
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Sobczak-Szelc, Karolina. "Infrastructure Development and Environmental Change: A Case Study of Forced (Im)mobility in the Mhamid Oasis (Southern Morocco)". W Migrations in the Mediterranean, 325–44. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-42264-5_19.
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AbstractThe growing amount of hydropower production causes changes in both the social and natural environments. The positive impact of it is appreciated by actors outside the project area. At the same time, those living in the affected river basin face most of the negative consequences, often compensated within a benefit-sharing system. Excluded from compensation are, however, those who live in distant areas, even if they lose their life’s assets, which pushes them to forced (im)mobility. This chapter is based on research into the example of the Mhamid Oasis in Southern Morocco between 2015 and 2019. It explores the complex relationship between socio-economic and environmental factors influencing the (im)mobility decision. The results are based on desk research, a micro census, semi-structured questionnaires, in-depth interviews with household heads, environmental field studies, and analysis of available imagery data. The results show that agriculture in the Mhamid area faces environmental constraints that appeared when the delivery of water to the oasis was limited by the construction of the Mansour Eddahbi Dam. As household income from agriculture is related to environmental changes, household members were pushed to income diversification, mostly through mobility. Therefore, Mhamid Oasis also should be covered by the benefit-sharing rule to counteract the negative impact of these changes.
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Nyamnjoh, Henrietta, Mackenzie Seaman i Meron Zeleke. "South–South Migration and Children’s Education: Expanded Challenges and Increased Opportunities". W The Palgrave Handbook of South–South Migration and Inequality, 543–65. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-39814-8_25.
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AbstractChildren participate in, and are affected by, South–South migration in diverse ways. In terms of children’s education specifically, migration produces, mitigates, and transforms educational inequalities, with such shifts generating impacts across generations and geographies. Through two case studies on South–South migration which focus on second-generation children born to Ethiopian parents and first-generation Ethiopian children who reunited with their parents in South Africa, and children in Ethiopia whose parents are migrants in South Africa, this chapter explores migration’s nuanced impact on educational opportunities, aspirations, and attainment and how this in turn effects social mobility and inequalities. The data reveal migration produces a complex web of inequalities transnationally (i.e. between children in Ethiopia and children born of or who joined Ethiopian migrants in South Africa) and nationally (among children in South Africa and among children in Ethiopia), with such inequalities being perceived differently across generations. In the future, these inequalities, and the perception thereof, will likely constrain migration’s ability to facilitate upward social mobility for children who are affected by migration, for future generations, and for migrants’ larger networks.
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Domaradzka, Anna. "From Local to Digital and Back: E-Resourcefulness Among Urban Movements in Poland". W Palgrave Studies in Third Sector Research, 145–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-99007-7_6.
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AbstractIn recent years, websites, blogs, and social media profiles have become important resources for managing the activities of neighborhood groups and wider networks of urban activists in Poland. Via the Internet, residents obtain information, local activists mobilize other community members, and organizers announce various types of local activities and events. At the grassroots level, online platforms help to maintain relations between involved neighbors and to build a common identity related to a given place. On the supra-local level, they are even more important as networking tools for knowledge sharing and the coordination of lobbying activities nationwide. The selected case demonstrates that effectiveness in modern social initiatives can be maximized by combining bottom-up initiatives with the communication possibilities offered by the Internet.
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Slade, Bonnie, i Preeti Dagar. "Tracing Longitudinal Impact of Professor Lalage Bown: International Master in Adult Education for Social Change". W Adult Education and Social Justice: International Perspectives, 269–79. Florence: Firenze University Press, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.36253/979-12-215-0253-4.27.
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Adult education is recognised globally as a critical element in addressing challenges pertaining to climate justice, migration, employment, education and inequality. This chapter will explore the development, delivery, and impact of the International Master in Adult Education for Social Change (IMAESC n.d.), a European-funded joint master’s degree, that can proudly trace its lineage to the work of Prof. Bown at the University of Glasgow. IMAESC is jointly delivered by the Universities of Glasgow, Malta, Maynooth, Tallinn and the Open University of Cyprus. Students complete three mandatory mobility periods and choose between two study tracks ‘Community Engagement and Education’ or ‘Critical Issues, Policy and Curriculum’. Additionally, this two-year programme has a summer school in Malaysia (Universiti Sains Malaysia) focused on sustainability and peace studies. The first cohort of IMAESC students started in 2016 and there have been 118 graduates over the past seven years from over 60 countries. Adult Education takes place in many different sites – Vocational Education and Training (VET) institutions, higher education, community-based, workplace, and political struggle – and our students’ experiences reflect that diversity. We examine what impact IMAESC graduates have made nationally and internationally, drawing from an empirical qualitative research project, ‘Decolonising Higher Education: A case study of Erasmus Mundus master’s programme IMAESC’, undertaken in 2021-22. This research included interviews with 19 IMAESC graduates from the Global South. Through critical engagement with theory, policy and action, graduates have contributed to improving their communities, cities, civil society, nations, and international relations.
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Blackman, Tim, Anna Amera, Sally Brodhurst, Elisabetta Cioni, Janet Convery, Gunvor Erdal, Evangelos Paroussis, Merete Platz, Bridget Robb i Mia Vabø. "The Case Studies". W Social Care and Social Exclusion, 122–51. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9781403914071_10.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenia konferencji na temat "Social mobility – case studies"
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Koev, Krasimir, i Ana Popova. "Social aspects of the intra-EU mobility". W 7th International e-Conference on Studies in Humanities and Social Sciences. Center for Open Access in Science, Belgrade, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.32591/coas.e-conf.07.16169k.
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The paper presents a topical picture of the intra-EU mobility on the basis of officially published quantitative data. Several social aspects of this type of internal migration are discussed and analyzed, such as: risks for the health, education and socialization of the migrant children; risks for the stability of the migrant families; demographic and social consequences for the EU countries which are reported as the biggest sources of intra-EU mobility. The official statistical data are compared with the results of the authors’ study on socialization deficits for the children from so called “transnational families”, where one or both parent are labor migrants and have left their children to the care of relatives in the country of origin. The comparative results serve as a basis of conclusions about the negative social impact of the intra-EU mobility on the migrant families and especially on their children.
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Senefonte, Helen C. de Mattos, Thiago H. Silva i Ricardo Lüders. "Predicting mobility patterns based on profiles of social media users: tourists case study". W Anais Estendidos do Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2023.234454.
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Studies based on traditional data sources like surveys, for instance, offer poor scalability. The experiments are limited, and the results are restricted to small regions (such as a city or a state). The use of location-based social network (LBSN) data can mitigate the scalability problem by enabling the study of social behavior in large populations. When explored with Data Mining and Machine Learning techniques, LBSN data can be used to provide predictions of relevant cultural and behavioral data from cities or countries around the world. The main goal of this work is to predict and explore user behavior from LBSNs in the context of tourists’ mobility patterns. To achieve this goal, we propose PredicTour, which is an approach used to process LBSN users’ check-ins and to predict mobility patterns of tourists with or without previous visiting records when visiting new countries. PredicTour is composed of three key blocks: mobility modeling, profile extraction, and tourist’ mobility prediction. In the first block, sequences of check-ins in a time interval are associated with other user information to produce a new structure called "mobility descriptor”. In the profile extraction, self-organizing maps and fuzzy C-means work together to group users according to their mobility descriptors. PredicTour then identifies tourist’ profiles and estimates their mobility patterns in new countries. When comparing the performance of PredicTour with three well-known machine learning-based models, the results indicate that PredicTour outperforms the baseline approaches. Therefore, it is a good alternative for predicting and understanding international tourists’ mobility, which has an economic impact on the tourism industry, particularly when services and logistics across international borders should be provided. The proposed approach can be used in different applications such as recommender systems for tourists, and decision-making support for urban planners interested in improving both the tourists’ experience and attractiveness of venues through personalized services.
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Šemrov, Darja. "Inclusive Mobility – how to tackle needs and challenges of persons with reduced mobility". W 6th International Conference on Road and Rail Infrastructure. University of Zagreb Faculty of Civil Engineering, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5592/co/cetra.2020.1033.
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Mobility is an essential component of all European societies and is at the heart of the European Integration project. It is widely recognized that all citizens should be able to participate in economic, social and cultural life. European Union addresses investment in multimodal, environment-friendly, green, safe transport and mobility, to name some of the objectives, it seeks to achieve by mobilizing different funds. The idea of accessible transport is also high on the EU agenda. Accessibility is a multi-faceted objective, it can include the availability of information, the connection of metropolitan areas with rural or remote areas and also other aspects. However, the basic idea of accessibility in an integrated area should primarily mean the barrier-free mobility of people with disabilities and people with reduced mobility. This problem deserves to receive much more attention than is currently the case, considering that many recent studies estimate that the number of senior citizens and people with disabilities will double in the next 20 years.
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Schuller, David, Anna Putnova, Zuzana Krizova i Zdenka Videcka. "TEACHING ERASMUS STUDENTS IN THE PERIOD AFTER COVID-19. CASE STUDY". W 9th SWS International Scientific Conferences on SOCIAL SCIENCES - ISCSS 2022. SGEM WORLD SCIENCE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.35603/sws.iscss.2022/s04.052.
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Over the 30 years of its existence, the Faculty of Business and Management (FBM) at Brno University of Technology, has educated more than 17,000 graduates in economic and managerial fields. Paying great attention to internationalisation, FBM supports students in their studies abroad while accepting international students as well. It has concluded 58 bilateral agreements with universities abroad under the Erasmus+ programme supporting also student mobility outside the EU within the Erasmus Mundus programme. Internationalization is among the criteria applied by the Ministry of Education in ranking the Czech universities. The funds received by each university are then given by the resulting ranking. The past 3 years have brought significant challenges to the forms of teaching at universities. Generation Z, (people born around the year 2000) is characterized by its digital expertise and the proliferation of stimuli needed to gain and maintain attention. As the COVID-19 pandemic created an urgent need to change the form of teaching, FBM, like other universities, switched over to online teaching [1],[2]. All the advantages and disadvantages of this form of teaching were amplified in the teaching of international students. In 2021, they completed a foreign placement under the Erasmus programme from their homes. This paper describes the experience and the best practices of online teaching in an international environment. It summarizes FBM teachers' experience. This experience is used not only in online teaching but also in contact learning. Generation Z welcomes the possibility of working in a virtual environment. However, teachers must ensure that social ties are maintained and supported in contact and even more in online teaching with the students' social competencies increased as well. The case study analyses and presents these practices.
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Pugulis, Roberts, Liga Biezina i Raimonds Ernsteins. "Municipal cycling governance developments in Latvia: towards sectorial planning and governance system requirement". W 23rd International Scientific Conference. “Economic Science for Rural Development 2022”. Latvia University of Life Sciences and Technologies. Faculty of Economics and Social Development, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22616/esrd.2022.56.024.
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Nowadays considering that cycling as a widely increasing daily transport mode is becoming more popular and also more publicly required among all kinds of interest groups of our society, municipal policies and practical activities for local cycling developments are already steadily growing and will be a substantial part of municipal statutory development planning in Latvia, too, and that needs modern adaptive governance application and must be properly integrated within necessary sustainable municipal mobility approach. The study starts with an overview of the municipal cycling governance developments in Latvia as the aim of this research is to study the municipal cycling governance building frame, via the complementary set of cycling governance instruments application in terms of their development, implementation and impact evaluation – political and legal, institutional, planning, economic, infrastructure and also communication instruments. As the model’s case study area, Valmiera township municipality (case of medium and small size town municipalities in Latvia) was chosen, where our sustainable mobility studies have been step-wise continuing from 2016, particularly participatory documenting the cycling mobility development and its governance as sub-system of municipal mobility/transportation governance. The research methodologies applied included both research-and-development framework, being realized in active collaboration with municipal administration, and, case study research, allowing to provide integrative contextual analysis of the case phenomenon, including document studies, infrastructure observations with photo documentation, followed by semi-structured in-depth interviews with whole set of the main stakeholders. The study highlights direct necessity of the particular cycling mobility governance system approach understanding and adaptive application, based on three governance dimensions (governance content, stakeholders and instruments). Besides social-ecological system as governance content dimension approach and stakeholders’ participation as governance stakeholders’ dimension approach, also and particularly, not only to use usually emphasized infrastructure planning, but further design and complementary use of all groups of traditional governance instruments, also additionally developing adaptive governance based disciplinary/sectorial cycling mobility instruments, esp. whole set of cycling communication instruments (information, education/training, participation, pro-cycling friendly behaviour). This triple governance dimensions’ model and principle as well as action policy recommendations elaborated may be used by the other local municipalities starting to expand cycling mobility.
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Zakowska, Lidia, Maciej Adam Piwowarczyk i Jan Hipolit Aleksandrowicz. "Considerations on free public transport implementation - based on Krakow case". W CIT2016. Congreso de Ingeniería del Transporte. Valencia: Universitat Politècnica València, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/cit2016.2016.3523.
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New transport philosophy follows the equity criteria and should also lead toward sustainability and equity in building policies of public transport in cities. Implementation of free public transport for citizens is widely considered in different countries, cities and on several administrative government levels. However, there are not may examples of successful implementation if this concept in Europe. This work presents the discussion on multi-dimensional barriers, which make implementation of equity criteria to transport policies difficult. Both advantages and disadvantages of free of charge public transport system are presented, based on current discussions, as well as on some European examples, case studies and scientific evaluations. The case study simulation for the Krakow urban area is initiated and described, testing the effects of free of charge public transport on economic and mobility factors. Considerations presented in this work are based on current challenges to build green with multimodal transport, respecting factors of economy, traffic volumes, safety and environmental factors. It is predicted that success of free public transport for citizens could create a significant shift in travel demand from private car use toward trams and busses, reducing accident costs, decreasing congestion in city centers and limiting air pollution, contributing to social and economic growth of the whole metropolitan area.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.4995/CIT2016.2016.3523
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"The Evolution of Autonomous Mobility Vehicles: From Concept to Road Reality". W International Conference on Cutting-Edge Developments in Engineering Technology and Science. ICCDETS, 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62919/mtki5676.
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This paper traces the evolution of autonomous mobility vehicles, charting their journey from conceptual frameworks to tangible road realities. Autonomous vehicles (AVs), driven by advancements in artificial intelligence, sensor technologies, and connectivity, are poised to transform transportation systems. We examine the key technological milestones, including developments in machine learning, lidar, radar, and vehicle-to-everything (V2X) communication. The paper discusses the benefits of AVs, such as enhanced safety, reduced traffic congestion, and improved accessibility, alongside challenges like regulatory hurdles, cybersecurity threats, and public acceptance. Case studies of pilot programs and commercial deployments provide insights into practical implementations and societal impacts. This research aims to offer a comprehensive overview of the progress and future directions in autonomous mobility, highlighting the critical factors influencing its widespread adoption.
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Aubrecht, Christoph, Joachim Ungar i Sergio Freire. "Exploring the potential of volunteered geographic information for modeling spatio-temporal characteristics of urban population: a case study for Lisbon Metro using foursquare check-in data". W Virtual cities and territories. Coimbra: Department of Civil Engineering of the University of Coimbra and e-GEO, Research Center in Geography and Regional Planning of the Faculty of Social Sciences and Humanities of the Nova University of Lisbon, 2011. http://dx.doi.org/10.5821/ctv.7694.
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In recent years we have observed an incredible increase in location-specific information provided voluntarily by individuals and disseminated via the internet. The emergence of this Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) as Goodchild first described it in 2007 has attracted considerable interest within the GIScience research community. As a special type of user generated content, it offers great potential to produce up-to-date and near real-time information related to any place on Earth, even though overall accuracy remains an issue of debate. Location sharing services (LSS) such as ‘foursquare’, ‘Gowalla’, and ‘Facebook Places’ collect hundreds of millions of user-driven footprints or ‘check-ins’. Those footprints provide a unique opportunity to study social and temporal characteristics of how people use these services and model patterns of human mobility. However, the amount and frequency of VGI is not evenly distributed and recent research considers it directly related to socioeconomic characteristics of its contributors (i.e.,geographic and economic constraints, individual social status) . Particularly in the context of population dynamics studies, VGI may provide a data source that is more accessible and current as well as less expensive and timeconsuming than traditional activity survey data. VGI generated on micro-blogging services and location-based social networks (LBSN) bear the greatest resemblance to the activity diary that time geographers are familiar with . Noulas et al. present a large-scale study of user behavior on the LBSN platform ‘foursquare’, analyzing user check-in dynamics and demonstrating how that reveals meaningful spatio-temporal patterns and offers the opportunity to study both user mobility and characteristics of urban spaces. In this study we compare functionally categorized location-specific foursquare check-in information picturing one working week in the Lisbon Metropolitan Area to a daytime working population surface produced in previous work. The objective is to analyze potential correlation patterns and explore options for modeling finescale spatio-temporal characteristics of urban land use based on VGI.
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Anwar, Ayesha, Leng Hong i Afir Zubair Raja. "Effect of transport infrstructure in changing urban form of a historical city: a case study of Lahore". W Post-Oil City Planning for Urban Green Deals Virtual Congress. ISOCARP, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.47472/nwep5068.
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Urban development and transportation are interrelated as transportation networks help in shaping the urban form along with supporting the social, cultural, and economic growth of the city similarly transportation infrastructure is also shaped by the city dynamics. Lahore Metro Bus Service (MBS) is Pakistan’s first rapid mass transit project on Ferozepur road with 27 Kilometers long track and 27 bus stations. It is now an integral part of the Lahore so its implications for the urban fabric need to be studied urgently to fully utilize transit service and to strengthen mobility and emerging economies. According to results, (MBS) has improved the accessibility to basic needs and services but the peculiar character of this historical city is ignored due to poor design. The government needs to bring transport agencies, stakeholders, and people together for joint development policy to enhance revenue, ridership and to move towards Transit Oriented Development (TOD).
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Motzer, Nicolaj, Marco Amorim, Michal Matowicki, Mira Kern i Pavla Pecherková. "Exploring various dimensions of perceived usefulness on the intention to use Mobility-as-a-Service". W 14th International Conference on Applied Human Factors and Ergonomics (AHFE 2023). AHFE International, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.54941/ahfe1003813.
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In response to society’s volatile and changing mobility requirements, many new mobility concepts and business models are currently being developed and piloted. The Mobility-as-a-Service (MaaS) concept attempts to meet rising customer demands in a needs-based and situational manner. For the success of innovative mobility offers, user acceptance and thus a user-centred business model and product development is crucial. The aim of this study is to provide deeper insights in the perception of society’s usefulness in a potential MaaS use to derive recommendations for the design and development of MaaS business models from a user perspective. This is done under consideration of the Importance-Performance-Matrix. The question is investigated to what extent differentiated usefulness dimensions (functional, emotional, social, economical, and ecological) influence the intention to use Mobility-as-a-Service. By applying the Technology Acceptance Model (TAM) in the context of an empirical study the relationships between perceived usefulness dimensions, attitude towards using MaaS and intention to use MaaS were examined. For that, an online survey with more than 6400 respondents from four European countries was conducted. In this, we took care to select latent constructs with the highest possible fit that had already been tested in other studies. This database allowed the proposed TAM to be modelled using structural equation models (SEM) to analyse the relationships between perceived usefulness and behavioural intention to use MaaS.The results show that the perceived emotional, functional, and economical usefulness dimensions significantly correlate with both, the attitude towards and the intention to use MaaS positively. Especially the perception of emotionally increasing elements were identified as main drivers for an intensified MaaS use: The more likely users are to enjoy, feel good about, or have fun using MaaS, the more likely they are to use such a system. One design approach for increasing emotional benefits is to add means of transport to a MaaS package whose use is characterized by a high degree of enjoyment, such as e-scooters and e-bikes. Here, we were able to investigate high correlations between the desire for those transport modes and the intention to use MaaS. Another approach is to remove "pain points" in the transaction process in the MaaS app. It is recommended to implement an integrated booking and payment function. Generally, a MaaS app should simplify the processes that users perceive as complicated in intermodal travel. However, no significant results could be found on the social dimension, which means there is currently no need for action in improving a MaaS system regarding social components. The ecological usefulness dimension shows a significant negative influence on the intention to use on the one hand, and a significant positive influence on the attitude towards using MaaS on the other. The results provide impulses for a user-centred development of MaaS, enable an approach for a differentiated consideration of usefulness dimensions in the context of Mobility-as-a-Service, and suggest a need for more in-depth research.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Social mobility – case studies"
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Tinsley, Brian, Sarah Cacicio, Zohal Shah, Daniel Parker, Odelia Younge i Christina Luke Luna. Micro-credentials for Social Mobility in Rural Postsecondary Communities: A Landscape Report. Digital Promise, marzec 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.51388/20.500.12265/151.
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This landscape report explores the impact of earning micro-credentials on the social mobility of rural learners. Through four in-depth case studies, we show how earning micro-credentials may lead to credential attainment, workforce entry, promotions, and/or economic improvements (e.g., salary increase, prioritizing learners impacted by poverty), particularly for Black, Latino, and Indigenous populations, as well as women. All of the initiatives emphasize the need for strong regional partnerships across educational sectors and deeper efforts to engage communities of color to lead to greater impact. Preliminary research indicates that micro-credentials can—and in some cases, do—lead to job promotions, higher wages, and an increase in self-confidence for rural learners.
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Elliott, Jane, Maureen Muir i Judith Green. Trajectories of everyday mobility at older age. Wellcome Centre for Cultures and Environments of Health, styczeń 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.58182/bnec3269.
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Background: This review and exploratory data analysis focuses on everyday mobility at older age; that is, travel outside the house for routine activities. Everyday mobility is an important determinant of health and wellbeing. Although there can be physiological reasons for declines in an individual’s capacity for mobility, trajectories are uneven. A social model of mobility at older age assumes that impairments due to bodily ageing do not inevitably lead to reduced mobility, and that policy and environmental interventions (such as transport provision, quality of built environment) can and should support mobile later lives. We scope the potential for a study of the conditions which foster trajectories of maintained or increased mobility over time, in an equitable way. Aims: With a focus on corporeal mobility in the UK (in particular England), and on social and environmental, rather than physiological factors, our aims were to: 1) scope the existing evidence on trajectories of mobility at older age; 2) assess the English Longitudinal Study of Ageing (ELSA) as a possible source of data on changes in mobility over time; 3) outline the potential for further research through identifying candidate analytical approaches and; draft an initial logic model to inform a study. Literature review findings: Literature on mobility at older age documents physiological, lifecourse, social, and environmental factors that shape trajectories of declining mobility, and the health and wellbeing consequences. There are complex and bidirectional relationships between determinants and consequences of mobility. Points of disruption in the lifecourse are points where mobility practices may change and are therefore potential points for interventions to promote greater mobility. A body of research demonstrates this through the case of concessionary bus travel for older adults in the UK, which both promotes greater mobility and appears to improve health status. There is a more mixed body of research on the environmental factors that can foster greater mobility: more research is needed on how to support mobility in place in the UK, particularly in settings outside urban centres. Compared to research on physiological factors, there is a relative dearth of evidence on population level interventions, with the exception of free bus travel. ELSA summary: The main strength of using the ELSA for understanding what influences trajectories of everyday mobility is that it is an eighteen-year longitudinal study with data collection every two years, focussing on those aged 50 and over. The sample is drawn from across England, detailed contextual information is available via linked geographical identifiers, and longitudinal and cross-sectional weights enable adjustment of the sample for non-response and attrition. The weaknesses (for studies of mobility) are the lack of fine-grained measures of ‘ability’ for many mobility indicators and the potential for reporting biases that intersect with measures of social and cultural capital. In this descriptive analysis, we document six separate measures of everyday mobility that can be derived from ELSA data, and map these to our logic model. Implications: The review identified the potential for studying the conditions for mobility at older age that could help identify and develop population level interventions. Focusing on points of disruption in the lifecourse is a potentially fruitful and tractable area of investigation. We have mapped indicators available from ELSA as a foundation for future study, and as a resource for other researchers. ELSA has some disadvantages for a study, but also many strengths. Given the complexity of causal pathways linking different conditions for maintained or increased mobility, an analysis approach directed specifically at multiple pathways (such as Qualitative Comparative Analysis) could well be fruitful."
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Mosello, Beatrice, Christian König, Emily Wright i Gareth Price. Rethinking human mobility in the face of global changes. Adelphi research gemeinnützige GmbH, czerwiec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55317/casc010.
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Migration and displacement related to climate change have received increasing attention in the media, in research and among policymakers in recent years. A range of studies have produced extremely concerning statistics and forecasts about the potential scale of migration and displacement due to climate change now and in the future. For example, the Internal Displacement Monitoring Centre calculated that in 2019 alone almost 25 million people were displaced by disasters such as floods and tropical storms – three times the number displaced by conflict and violence (IDMC 2020a). The World Bank’s 2018 Groundswell report estimated that, if substantial climate change mitigation and development measures are not taken, slow-onset climate impacts could displace as many as 143 million people in just three world regions, or 55 percent of the developing world’s population, by 2050 (Rigaud et al. 2018). These kinds of figures have been widely reported and drive the prevailing narrative in media and policy debates that climate change will lead to mass migration and displacement, which, in turn, can lead to conflict. There is empirical evidence that rising temperatures, leading to disasters and slow-onset impacts such as drought or sea-level rise are already playing a role in setting people across the world on the move, and these numbers are likely to increase as climate change impacts intensify (UNINE n.d.; IOM’s GMDAC 2020). However, the links between climate change, migration, displacement and conflict are complex, and vary widely between contexts. The growing community of research on this topic has warned that, without an adequate understanding of the pathways of mobility, predictions of millions of climate migrants and displaced people can cast responses in alarmistic and counter-productive tones (Flavell et al. 2020). Policy on displacement, migration and climate change can therefore profit from investing in fine-grained analyses of the different factors shaping human mobility, and using them to support the development of effective responses that address the needs of migrants, as well as their home and destination communities. Along these lines, this paper examines the interaction between biophysical climate impacts, migration, displacement and (in)security. It aims to go beyond the prevailing narratives to better understand the different ways in which mobility can serve as an adaptive strategy to climate- and conflict-related risks and vulnerabilities. It also aims to assess how effective mobility is as an adaptation strategy and will continue to be in light of other stresses, including the COVID-19 pandemic. The analysis focuses on two case studies, Bangladesh and Central Asia, each presenting different human mobility pathways. It adopts a diversity lens to consider how the success/effectiveness of mobility strategies is sensitive to the position of individuals in society and the opportunities they have. It also considers how the COVID-19 pandemic is affecting the ability of climate-vulnerable populations to use mobility as an effective adaptation strategy, considering movement restrictions, increased unemployment in cities, reduced opportunities for seasonal work (e.g. in the agriculture sector), return migration and impacts on remittance flows. In conclusion, the paper makes recommendations to inform governments in countries of origin and international development and humanitarian policies and programmes in relation to mobility and climate change/security, including those of the EU and EU member states. Firstly, climate-induced mobility should be included in and addressed through broader adaptation and development efforts, for example building urban infrastructure, promoting nature-based adaptation, and ensuring adequate social protection and education. Policies and legal frameworks on migration and displacement in countries of origin should also be strengthened, ensuring the coordination between existing policies at all levels. Global cooperation will be essential to build international standards. And finally, all programming should be supported by an improved knowledge base on climate-induced migration and displacement, including gender- and age- disaggregated data.
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Araujo,, María Caridad, i Karen Macours. Education, Income and Mobility: Experimental Impacts of Childhood Exposure to Progresa after 20 Years. Inter-American Development Bank, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003808.
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In 1997, the Mexican government designed the conditional cash transfer program Progresa, which became the worldwide model of a new approach to social programs, simultaneously targeting human capital accumulation and poverty reduction. A large literature has documented the short and medium-term impacts of the Mexican program and its successors in other countries. Using Progresas experimental evaluation design originally rolled out in 1997-2000, and a tracking survey conducted 20 years later, this paper studies the differential long-term impacts of exposure to Progresa. We focus on two cohorts of children: i) those that during the period of differential exposure were in-utero or in the first years of life, and ii) those who during the period of differential exposure were transitioning from primary to secondary school. Results for the early childhood cohort, 18-20-year-old at endline, shows that differential exposure to Progresa during the early years led to positive impacts on educational attainment and labor income expectations. This constitutes unique long-term evidence on the returns of an at-scale intervention on investments in human capital during the first 1000 days of life. Results for the school cohort - in their early 30s at endline - show that the short-term impacts of differential exposure to Progresa on schooling were sustained in the long-run and manifested themselves in larger labor incomes, more geographical mobility including through international migration, and later family formation.
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Nimesh, Vikas, Md Saddam Hussain, Anmol Jain i Pramod Kumar Singh. Skill development and Inclusive Growth opportunity in India's EV sector. Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE), marzec 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.62576/ahsg6426.
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The report titled “Skill Development and Inclusive Growth Opportunity in India’s EV Sector” by the Alliance for an Energy Efficient Economy (AEEE) is a comprehensive examination aimed at mapping the skill requirements necessary to support India’s burgeoning Electric Vehicle (EV) sector. It emphasizes the significance of transitioning to electric mobility and the pivotal role of a skilled workforce in realizing this vision, especially by including marginalized communities and women. The document outlines the present state of the EV ecosystem, delineates specific skill sets needed across various roles, and proposes strategies for inclusive skill development. Through detailed case studies and policy recommendations, the report addresses the socio-economic aspects of the EV industry, aiming to foster sustainable growth. It serves as a vital resource for stakeholders in the EV domain, outlining pathways for skill enhancement and inclusive growth in alignment with India’s electric mobility ambitions.
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Lynch, Jane. Embedding social value in procurement: practice case studies. Wales Centre for Public Policy, maj 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/24052201.
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Lynch, Jane. Embedding social value in procurement: practice case studies. Wales Centre for Public Policy, maj 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.54454/24052202.
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Sriraj, P. S. Mobility Case Studies: Where Integrated Corridor Management Has Worked and Why. Tampa, FL: University of South Florida, maj 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.5038/cutr-nctr-rr-2017-01.
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Scholl, Lynn, i Alejandro Guerrero. Comparative Case Studies of Three IDB-supported Urban Transport Projects: Cali Case Study Annex. Inter-American Development Bank, czerwiec 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0009256.
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This case study presents the main findings and lessons learned from implementing a BRT system in Cali, to inform a larger comparative case study evaluation of IDB-supported integrated mass transit projects. The case study seeks to identify factors that affected success and created challenges and barriers to effective implementation of the Cali system. In addition, it assesses the extent to which the project delivered on key objectives: improving mobility and access for the general public, and particularly for low-income populations, and reducing local and global pollution.
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Bouillon, César P., i Viviane Azevedo. Social Mobility in Latin America: A Review of Existing Evidence. Inter-American Development Bank, sierpień 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0010919.
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This paper reviews evidence on social mobility in Latin America. Several studies have used data sets that collect intergenerational socio economic information. The data, though limited, suggest that social mobility is low in the region, even when compared with low social mobility developed countries like the United States and United Kingdom, with high levels of immobility at the lower and upper tails of the income distribution. While Latin America has improved education mobility in recent decades, which may have translated into higher mobility for younger cohorts, the region still presents, except for Chile, lower education mobility than in developed countries. The paper also reviews studies on the main determinants of the regions low levels of social mobility, including social exclusion, low access to higher education, and labor market discrimination.