Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Social issue behaviours

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Social issue behaviours”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 20 lutego 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Social issue behaviours"

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O'Cass, Aron, i Deborah Griffin. "Eliciting positive social change: marketing’s capacity to drive prosocial behaviours". Marketing Intelligence & Planning 33, nr 5 (3.08.2015): 826–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/mip-02-2014-0027.

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Purpose – While social marketing has been utilised to bring about positive social change, ultimately, the decision to engage in prosocial behaviour resides with the individual. The purpose of this paper is to explore the determinants and outcomes of prosocial behaviours. Design/methodology/approach – A web-based self-administered survey was used to collect data from a convenience sample of largely university staff and students. Data obtained were analysed using SEM-based partial least squares methodology. Findings – The results show that individuals who are future oriented and issue involved are more likely to engage in prosocial behaviour. Also, these individuals are more likely to assess fewer negative consequences and experience more positive feelings as a result of their prosocial behaviour. Research limitations/implications – While the study focuses on two social issues, it does provide some explanation of self-reported behaviour, rather than intention to behave. However, future research could pay attention to a wider array of social issues and undertake post hoc testing to measure the characteristics of the chosen social issues. This may enhance findings, and provide greater support for the generalisability of the model. Also, future research could be directed towards the examining the role of perceived risk and feelings as an outcome of behaviour. Practical implications – A better understanding of the prosocial individual can assist in designing more effective social marketing campaigns. In particular, focusing on positive feelings as a result of engaging in prosocial behaviour has practical implications. Originality/value – Little attention has been given in the marketing and consumer behaviour literature to understanding the prosocial individual. To this end, this research empirically tests a model of prosocial behaviour for two social issues that integrates determinants (social responsibility, time orientation and issue involvement) and outcomes (assessment of negative consequences and feelings). Moreover, the results highlight that positive feelings are a significant outcome of prosocial behaviour.
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Gordon, Goren. "Social behaviour as an emergent property of embodied curiosity: a robotics perspective". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, nr 1771 (11.03.2019): 20180029. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0029.

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Social interaction is an extremely complex yet vital component in daily life. We present a bottom-up approach for the emergence of social behaviours from the interaction of the curiosity drive, i.e. the intrinsic motivation to learn as much as possible, and the embedding environment of an agent. Implementing artificial curiosity algorithms in robots that explore human-like environments results in the emergence of a hierarchical structure of learning and behaviour. This structure resembles the sequential emergence of behavioural patterns in human babies, culminating in social behaviours, such as face detection, tracking and attention-grabbing facial expressions. These results suggest that an embodied curiosity drive may be the progenitor of many social behaviours if satiated by a social environment. This article is part of the theme issue ‘From social brains to social robots: applying neurocognitive insights to human–robot interaction’.
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Kelly, Aubrey M., i Maren N. Vitousek. "Dynamic modulation of sociality and aggression: an examination of plasticity within endocrine and neuroendocrine systems". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, nr 1727 (3.07.2017): 20160243. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0243.

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Endocrine and neuroendocrine systems are key mediators of behavioural plasticity and allow for the ability to shift social behaviour across dynamic contexts. These systems operate across timescales, modulating both rapid responses to environmental changes and developmental plasticity in behavioural phenotypes. Thus, not only do endocrine systems mediate behavioural plasticity, but also the systems themselves exhibit plasticity in functional capabilities. This flexibility at both the mechanistic and behavioural levels can be crucial for reproduction and survival. Here, we discuss how plasticity in nonapeptide and steroid actions may influence the expression of, and allow rapid shifts between, sociality and aggression—behavioural shifts that can be particularly important for social interactions. Recent findings of overlap in the mechanisms that modulate social and aggressive behaviour suggest the potential for a mechanistic continuum between these behaviours. We briefly discuss the potential for a sociality–aggression continuum and novel techniques that will enable probing of the functional connectivity of social behaviours. From an evolutionary perspective, we suggest that plasticity in endocrine and neuroendocrine mechanisms of behaviour may be important targets of selection, and discuss the conditions under which we would predict selection to have resulted in differences in endocrine plasticity across species that differ in social organization. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Physiological determinants of social behaviour in animals’.
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Garcia-Marques, Leonel, i Mário B. Ferreira. "Is Observing Behaviour the Best Way to Understand Behaviour?" Social Psychological Bulletin 13, nr 2 (29.05.2018): e26076. http://dx.doi.org/10.5964/spb.v13i2.26076.

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Dolinski (2018, this issue) argues that Social Psychology may hardly be considered a science of behaviour anymore, given the rarity of published studies in which the dependent measures involve behaviours other than the completion of surveys, pressing of keys on a computer keyboard, or clicking a mouse. In the present, we comment on this void of empirical studies in which “real” human behaviours are examined to put forward the following points: i) Key-pressing can be a human behaviour as meaningful as any other more complex behaviour (i.e., behavioural complexity is not a good criterion for meaningfulness), ii) Lessons learned from past research in social psychology have shown us that studying “real” behaviour introduces a number of well-known complications, iii) Improvement in the comprehension of human behaviour depends more on a strong theoretical lens constrained by results obtained via rigorous experimentation than on the complexity of people’s observed actions.
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Wullenkord, Ricarda, i Friederike Eyssel. "Imagine how to behave: the influence of imagined contact on human–robot interaction". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 374, nr 1771 (11.03.2019): 20180038. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0038.

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Imagined contact (IC), that is, mentally simulating an interaction with an outgroup member, reduces negative attitudes towards outgroup members, increases contact intentions, and reduces intergroup anxiety in human–human intergroup context. Our experiment tested the effectiveness of IC with a robot to improve human–robot interaction (HRI). Social psychological literature suggested that IC provides a behavioural script for an interaction. Hence, an imagined scenario similar to a real contact scenario should be more effective in eliciting the aforementioned positive effects. We therefore examined the effect of similarity between IC with a robot and the following actual HRI on interaction perception, and behaviours towards the robot. High similarity was expected to lead to a more positive perception of HRI and more positive interaction behaviour towards the robot (e.g. more social behaviour). Results showed that perceived HRI quality was evaluated more positively and participants displayed more social behaviour towards the robot when the imagined task resembled the HRI that followed, compared to when it did not resemble the subsequent HRI. When controlling for covariates, the effects on number of social behaviours and perceived interaction quality remained significant, however, there was no effect on the total amount of time spent producing social behaviours. This article is part of the theme issue ‘From social brains to social robots: applying neurocognitive insights to human–robot interaction’.
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Cojocaru, Natalia, i Olga Guţu. "Social representations, professional practices and organizational changes". Univers Pedagogic, nr 4(76) (grudzień 2022): 86–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.52387/1811-5470.2022.4.15.

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In this article, we will analyse how the theory of social representations can be used in the successful implementation of strategic changes at the institutional level. Just as social representations guide human actions and behaviours, investigating the representations that individuals have with reference to the issue of change allows us to identify possible attitudinal and behavioural responses to planned organizational change.
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Gersick, Andrew S., i Daniel I. Rubenstein. "Physiology modulates social flexibility and collective behaviour in equids and other large ungulates". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, nr 1727 (3.07.2017): 20160241. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0241.

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Though morphologically very similar, equids across the extant species occupy ecological niches that are surprisingly non-overlapping. Occupancy of these distinct niches appears related to subtle physiological and behavioural adaptations which, in turn, correspond to significant differences in the social behaviours and emergent social systems characterizing the different species. Although instances of intraspecific behavioural variation in equids demonstrate that the same body plan can support a range of social structures, each of these morphologically similar species generally shows robust fidelity to its evolved social system. The pattern suggests a subtle relationship between physiological phenotypes and behavioural flexibility. While environmental conditions can vary widely within relatively short temporal or spatial scales, physiological changes and changes to the behaviours that regulate physiological processes, are constrained to longer cycles of adaptation. Physiology is then the limiting variable in the interaction between ecological variation and behavioural and socio-structural flexibility. Behavioural and socio-structural flexibility, in turn, will generate important feedbacks that will govern physiological function, thus creating a coupled web of interactions that can lead to changes in individual and collective behaviour. Longitudinal studies of equid and other large-bodied ungulate populations under environmental stress, such as those discussed here, may offer the best opportunities for researchers to examine, in real time, the interplay between individual behavioural plasticity, socio-structural flexibility, and the physiological and genetic changes that together produce adaptive change. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Physiological determinants of social behaviour in animals’.
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Spencer, Karen A. "Developmental stress and social phenotypes: integrating neuroendocrine, behavioural and evolutionary perspectives". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 372, nr 1727 (3.07.2017): 20160242. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2016.0242.

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The social world is filled with different types of interactions, and social experience interacts with stress on several different levels. Activation of the neuroendocrine axis that regulates the response to stress can have consequences for innumerable behavioural responses, including social decision-making and aspects of sociality, such as gregariousness and aggression. This is especially true for stress experienced during early life, when physiological systems are developing and highly sensitive to perturbation. Stress at this time can have persistent effects on social behaviours into adulthood. One important question remaining is to what extent these effects are adaptive. This paper initially reviews the current literature investigating the complex relationships between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis and other neuroendocrine systems and several aspects of social behaviour in vertebrates. In addition, the review explores the evidence surrounding the potential for ‘social programming’ via differential development and activation of the HPA axis, providing an insight into the potential for positive effects on fitness following early life stress. Finally, the paper provides a framework from which novel investigations could work to fully understand the adaptive significance of early life effects on social behaviours. This article is part of the themed issue ‘Physiological determinants of social behaviour in animals'.
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Wojczulanis-Jakubas, K., J. Plenzler i D. Jakubas. "Indications of contagious behaviours in the southern elephant seal: an observational study". Behaviour 156, nr 1 (2019): 59–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/1568539x-00003530.

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Abstract Behavioural contagion is a curious phenomenon of human social life which is believed to facilitate group living. It has also been demonstrated in animals that some behaviours may be contagious: how widespread this phenomenon is remains unclear, as only a few species have been tested. In this context, we examined whether three behaviours commonly exhibited by moulting southern elephant seals (Mirounga leonina): “sneezing”, scratching and yawning could be contagious. Using the randomization approach, we found this to be the case in general for all the behaviours, although the pattern was not that obvious or present at all for all the social groups. This indicates there is a potential for social contagion but the issue is complex. Despite limitations associated with observational study on small-size social groups, this is the first report of contagious behaviours in marine mammals and is to encourage further investigation.
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Adams, Geoffrey K., Wei Song Ong, John M. Pearson, Karli K. Watson i Michael L. Platt. "Neurons in primate prefrontal cortex signal valuable social information during natural viewing". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 376, nr 1819 (11.01.2021): 20190666. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0666.

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Information about social partners is innately valuable to primates. Decisions about which sources of information to consume are highly naturalistic but also complex and place unusually strong demands on the brain's decision network. In particular, both the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and lateral prefrontal cortex (LPFC) play key roles in decision making and social behaviour, suggesting a likely role in social information-seeking as well. To test this idea, we developed a ‘channel surfing' task in which monkeys were shown a series of 5 s video clips of conspecifics engaged in natural behaviours at a field site. Videos were annotated frame-by-frame using an ethogram of species-typical behaviours, an important source of social information. Between each clip, monkeys were presented with a choice between targets that determined which clip would be seen next. Monkeys' gaze during playback indicated differential engagement depending on what behaviours were presented. Neurons in both OFC and LPFC responded to choice targets and to video, and discriminated a subset of the behaviours in the ethogram during video viewing. These findings suggest that both OFC and LPFC are engaged in processing social information that is used to guide dynamic information-seeking decisions. This article is part of the theme issue ‘Existence and prevalence of economic behaviours among non-human primates’.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Social issue behaviours"

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Griffin, Deborah, i N/A. "Social Issue Exchange: An Exploration of Determinants and Outcomes". Griffith University. Department of Marketing, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070910.111229.

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It has been argued that marketing contributes to society by finding solutions to a diverse range of social issues. Importantly, research within the (social) marketing domain recognises that the concept of exchange is a fundamental aspect of influencing people to take on positive social issue behaviours (Andreasen, 1995; Rothschild, 1999). However, regardless of the influence of social marketing, ultimately the behavioural exchange resides with the individual. This infers that exchange can be considered from the individual’s (i.e., consumer’s) point of view, of intrapersonal or self-exchange (Gould, 1994). Furthermore, the conditions that facilitate or constrain this form of exchange are found within the individual – and relate to for example, individual differences. However, in recent years there has been limited interest in exchange theory within the marketing domain and, in particular, exchange as a fundamental consumer behaviour phenomenon (Anderson et al, 1999; Gould, 1994). This study seeks to extend current consumer behaviour and social marketing knowledge in the areas of exchange theory and personality. Based on an examination of the extant literature, a model of determinants and outcomes of Social Issue Exchange was developed and empirically tested. The Social Issue Exchange Model proposed in this study accounts for a number of associations which includes a representation of personality termed pro-social orientation along with social issue involvement, attitude toward social issues, subjective assessment of negative consequences and feelings. The determinants of social issue exchange included the multi-component variable pro-social orientation comprising the traits risk aversion, locus of control, consideration of future consequences, susceptibility to normative influence and social responsibility along with the variables social issue involvement and attitude towards social issues. The outcomes of social issue exchange include the variables of subjective assessment of negative consequences and feelings. The study adopted a quantitative methodology using an Internet administered questionnaire that allowed for the measurement of the determinants and outcomes of social issue exchange. The construction of the questionnaire followed a sequential process which involved developing new measures, utilising and adapting existing measures and then pre-testing these measures to ensure the development of a psychometrically sound and respondent-friendly survey instrument. The final survey used Excess Alcohol Consumption and Speeding social issues as stimuli for the study. Data collection resulted in 1146 (comprising 559 for Speeding social issue, and 587 for Excess Alcohol Consumption social issue) useable surveys for subsequent analysis. Analysis included a number of statistical procedures including correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis and tests of the model via Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. Overall, the findings provided support for the proposed Social Issue Exchange Model. In terms of the measurement model, the findings show that pro-social orientation accounted for different amounts of variance in the five traits, with consideration for further consequences accounting for the most variance and susceptibility to normative influence accounting for the least. In terms of the inner model, all the hypothesised paths were supported with the exception of attitude towards social issues and social issue exchange. A comparison of the smaller models (i.e., Speeding and Excess Alcohol Consumption) with the overall model indicated that largely the relationships were consistent, with the exception of social issue involvement and attitude towards social issues which was not supported in the Excess Alcohol Consumption model. The findings provide a number of theoretical and practical implications for research. From a theoretical perspective, broadening the concept of exchange to account for self-exchange in the context of social issue behaviours contributes to the body of knowledge on exchange. Moreover, aggregating traits to form the multi-component construct pro-social orientation takes a holistic approach to personality and thereby, provides greater clarification of the psychological processes that drive individuals to respond positively or negatively to social issues and associated behaviours. From a practical perspective, this study may lead to a better understanding of how personal characteristics can shape an individual’s response to social issues as well as their behaviours. In summary, the importance of understanding the processes that influence individuals’ social issue behaviours provides a justification for this study. Accordingly, this study offers valuable insights into how ‘exchange’ is an integral feature of individual behaviour change, as well as positive social change for society.
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Griffin, Deborah. "Social Issue Exchange: An Exploration of Determinants and Outcomes". Thesis, Griffith University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367920.

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It has been argued that marketing contributes to society by finding solutions to a diverse range of social issues. Importantly, research within the (social) marketing domain recognises that the concept of exchange is a fundamental aspect of influencing people to take on positive social issue behaviours (Andreasen, 1995; Rothschild, 1999). However, regardless of the influence of social marketing, ultimately the behavioural exchange resides with the individual. This infers that exchange can be considered from the individual’s (i.e., consumer’s) point of view, of intrapersonal or self-exchange (Gould, 1994). Furthermore, the conditions that facilitate or constrain this form of exchange are found within the individual – and relate to for example, individual differences. However, in recent years there has been limited interest in exchange theory within the marketing domain and, in particular, exchange as a fundamental consumer behaviour phenomenon (Anderson et al, 1999; Gould, 1994). This study seeks to extend current consumer behaviour and social marketing knowledge in the areas of exchange theory and personality. Based on an examination of the extant literature, a model of determinants and outcomes of Social Issue Exchange was developed and empirically tested. The Social Issue Exchange Model proposed in this study accounts for a number of associations which includes a representation of personality termed pro-social orientation along with social issue involvement, attitude toward social issues, subjective assessment of negative consequences and feelings. The determinants of social issue exchange included the multi-component variable pro-social orientation comprising the traits risk aversion, locus of control, consideration of future consequences, susceptibility to normative influence and social responsibility along with the variables social issue involvement and attitude towards social issues. The outcomes of social issue exchange include the variables of subjective assessment of negative consequences and feelings. The study adopted a quantitative methodology using an Internet administered questionnaire that allowed for the measurement of the determinants and outcomes of social issue exchange. The construction of the questionnaire followed a sequential process which involved developing new measures, utilising and adapting existing measures and then pre-testing these measures to ensure the development of a psychometrically sound and respondent-friendly survey instrument. The final survey used Excess Alcohol Consumption and Speeding social issues as stimuli for the study. Data collection resulted in 1146 (comprising 559 for Speeding social issue, and 587 for Excess Alcohol Consumption social issue) useable surveys for subsequent analysis. Analysis included a number of statistical procedures including correlation analysis, exploratory factor analysis, reliability analysis and tests of the model via Partial Least Squares (PLS) analysis. Overall, the findings provided support for the proposed Social Issue Exchange Model. In terms of the measurement model, the findings show that pro-social orientation accounted for different amounts of variance in the five traits, with consideration for further consequences accounting for the most variance and susceptibility to normative influence accounting for the least. In terms of the inner model, all the hypothesised paths were supported with the exception of attitude towards social issues and social issue exchange. A comparison of the smaller models (i.e., Speeding and Excess Alcohol Consumption) with the overall model indicated that largely the relationships were consistent, with the exception of social issue involvement and attitude towards social issues which was not supported in the Excess Alcohol Consumption model. The findings provide a number of theoretical and practical implications for research. From a theoretical perspective, broadening the concept of exchange to account for self-exchange in the context of social issue behaviours contributes to the body of knowledge on exchange. Moreover, aggregating traits to form the multi-component construct pro-social orientation takes a holistic approach to personality and thereby, provides greater clarification of the psychological processes that drive individuals to respond positively or negatively to social issues and associated behaviours. From a practical perspective, this study may lead to a better understanding of how personal characteristics can shape an individual’s response to social issues as well as their behaviours. In summary, the importance of understanding the processes that influence individuals’ social issue behaviours provides a justification for this study. Accordingly, this study offers valuable insights into how ‘exchange’ is an integral feature of individual behaviour change, as well as positive social change for society.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Department of Marketing
Griffith Business School
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Magnusson, Åsa, i Lina Nyqvist. "Girls' and boys' pathways to norm-breaking behavior: A critical review of an old issue". Thesis, Örebro University, Department of Behavioural, Social and Legal Sciences, 2006. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-480.

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ÖREBRO UNIVERSITET

Institutionen för beteende-, social och rättsvetenskap

Socionomprogrammet, C-uppsats, socialt arbete 41-60 p

Höstterminen 2005

Åsa Magnusson & Lina Nyqvist

Flickors och pojkars vägar in i normbrytande beteende: En kritisk litteraturstudie av ett omdiskuterat fenomen

Sammanfattning

Ungdomar har i alla tider engagerat sig i normbrytande beteende och de har visat sig vara den mest kriminellt aktiva gruppen i samhället. Studiens syfte är att undersöka flickors och pojkars vägar in i ett normbrytande beteende med fokus på relationer, samt att utröna hur diskussionen om könsspecifik behandling gestaltas i forskning. Syftet innefattar även att kritiskt granska framkomna resultat utifrån feministisk teori. Studiens metod bygger på en litteraturstudie i form av tre genomgående teman: vägar in i normbrytande beteende, interpersonella relationer och könsspecifik behandling som i resultatet är redovisade var för sig. I diskussionen förs ett resonemang kring resultaten där de kopplas samman med feministisk teori och teorin om sociala band. Studiens viktigaste resultat är att vägen till ett normbrytande beteende är en komplex process där många olika faktorer påverkar huruvida ett normbrytande beteende utvecklas eller ej. Interpersonella relationer har stort inflytande på ungdomars utveckling. Relationerna verkar inte påverka flickor och pojkar på samma sätt, vilket är en följd av att flickor och pojkar uppfostras olika beroende på biologiskt kön. Dessa könsskillnader avspeglar sig även i könsspecifik behandling. Behandling tycks i allmänhet baseras på könsstereotypa föreställningar vilket ingetdera av könen verkar gynnas av.

Nyckelord: ungdom, genusteori, normbrytande beteende, interpersonella relationer


ÖREBRO UNIVERSITY

Department of Behavioral, Social and Legal Sciences

Education of Social Work, C-thesis in Social Work, 41-60p

Fall Semester 2005

Åsa Magnusson & Lina Nyqvist

Girls’ and boys’ pathways to norm-breaking behavior: A critical review of an old issue

ABSTRACT

Historically, youths have always been engaged in norm-breaking behavior (NBB), with adolescents being the most criminal active group in society. The behavior, however, seems to differ in aspects of gender. This study investigates the pathways to NBB, emphasizing the influence of interpersonal relationships. The aim is also to examine what characterizes gender-specific treatment in literature, and furthermore to bring a critical feminist view on reviewed research results. The study is based on a literature review design to enable a whole picture of the topic. In the review different pathways to NBB is described, followed by the role of interpersonal relationships and characteristics of gender specific treatment. In essence, evidence seems to show that the pathway to NBB is a process where several different factors contribute jointly in shaping such behavior. However, interpersonal relationships seem to play an important role in influencing the behavior of the adolescent, though the influence appears to differ in aspects of gender due to the socialization process where girls and boys are brought up differently, which in turn is reflected in gender-specific treatment. Research indicates that treatment in general is based on stereotyped gender assumptions, which might be disadvantageous for both girls and boys.

Keywords: juvenile, gender theory, norm-breaking behavior, interpersonal relationships

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Tavares, De Lima David Patricia. "Toward a Theory of Behaviour Change in Social Marketing". Thesis, Griffith University, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/381654.

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Contemporary societies all over the world face issues that have been characterised as “wicked problems”. Wicked problems are difficult to define and are ingrained in complex systems, with numerous stakeholders involved. Although the causes of such problems cannot be easily delineated, they commonly can be associated with the practice of preventable behaviours at the individual level. An example is sedentary behaviours, which combined with an unhealthful diet can lead to problems like obesity, diabetes type 2 and more (World Health Organization, 2015c). Obesity is considered to be one of the leading causes of mortality globally. In Australia, for example, almost two thirds of the population are considered to be overweight or obese (Australian Institute of Health and Welfare, 2016). A few examples of other important societal issues are harmful alcohol consumption, environmental degradation, and smoking, among others (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 2016). There is an urgent need for effective interventions that can achieve positive behaviour change to decrease the incidence of these issues. Social marketing is a discipline that utilises the tools and techniques of commercial marketing to combat social issues delivering programs valued by citizens and communities (Gordon, 2011). The ultimate goal of social marketing is to change behaviours for the better of society, by influencing people to engage in the desired behaviour. Social marketing is considered to be an effective approach to tackle social issues, and it has been applied to a range of behaviours, the most common being health (Gordon, McDermott, Stead, & Angus, 2006). Social marketers developed a set of principles that can improve social marketing programs’ effectiveness, named the Social Marketing Benchmark Criteria (SMBC). There are eight elements, which combined, can generate behaviour change, namely: behaviour change, audience orientation, insight, segmentation, exchange, marketing mix, theory, and competition. This research focusses on theory in social marketing, and the core criterion behaviour change. Theory provides a structured framework that can serve as a guide to practitioners in the development and implementation of social marketing programs, as well as to researchers. Researchers argue that theory use is fundamental to achieve successful programs (Eagle et al., 2013; Lefebvre, 2001). However, evidence in the literature shows that theory use is scarce (Luca & Suggs, 2013; Truong, 2014; Truong & Dang, 2017) and the majority of theories applied in social marketing are borrowed from other fields. Furthermore, even when theory is reportedly used, it is unclear how theory is applied to the research (Pang, Kubacki, & Rundle-Thiele, 2017). An examination of the most commonly used theories employed in the social marketing discipline show that they approach behaviour as a static phenomenon limiting research attention to behaviour and not behavioural change. Since social marketing’s core is behavioural change and theory should provide guidance on to how to achieve change, theories used in social marketing must be behaviour change, and not behaviour, theories. The overarching aim of this thesis is to take a first step toward developing a theory of behaviour change in social marketing. This thesis starts by understanding the process of behaviour change, and empirically examines how behaviour change differs from behaviour. Additionally, this thesis empirically examines determinants of behavioural change, and applies different methodologies to assess change. More specifically, the purpose of this research is to; first, understand whether behaviour and behavioural change are conceptually and empirically distinct; second, explore the multifaceted characteristics of behaviour change, and empirically test what are the determinants of behaviour change; and third, test the potential of a dynamic methodology to empirically examine change in social marketing. To achieve the aims of this project, three studies were conducted. Study 1 involved a conceptual and operational distinction of the concepts of behaviour and behavioural change. This study aimed to illustrate with empirical evidence from one case study, that determinants of behaviour may not the same as determinants of behavioural change. The method chosen for statistical analysis in Study 1 was multiple linear regression using time point 2 for analysis of behavioural determinants, and change scores for dependent (DV) and independent variables (IV) to examine behavioural change and its determinants. Findings from this study demonstrate that the two concepts are distinct. Empirical evidence shows that when a static model was examined in the context of walking to and from school behaviour, determinants of the behaviour at time point 2 were intentions and barriers to walk to and from school. The dynamic model, analysing only changers and using change scores as IVs and DV, found that a change in injunctive norms was statistically significant in explaining change in walking to and from school. Study 2 was an empirical exploratory study that aimed at examining which determinants were associated with behaviour change, by looking at the different types of behaviour change. Study 2 also applied multiple linear regression for statistical analysis. A series of tests were performed to examine the complexities and different forms of looking at behavioural change. To assess behavioural determinants in a physical activity context, a static model was first tested. Next, a series of tests to explore behaviour change were undertaken. First, a model testing explanation of change using static variables at time point 1 was conducted. The second model involved using change scores for dependent and independent variables to examine a completely dynamic behavioural change model. Lastly, due to change being dynamic and having different directions, two models testing the determinants of different types of behaviour change, namely undesired (negative changers only) and desired (positive changes only) were conducted. Findings indicate that behaviour change should not be treated as one thing. The key outcome of this study is that care should be taken when assessing change, since determinants differ for the different types of change. Study 3 aimed to investigate the potential of a dynamic methodology, the Hidden Markov Model, to simultaneously assess determinants of both behaviour and behavioural change for social marketing. Due to the complex nature of behaviour change, a methodology that can capture the dynamics of change, such as different behavioural states, change rates and directions of change is needed. Study 3 involved an empirical examination to explore the potential of using the Hidden Markov Model to assess behaviour change in social marketing. This research contributes to the literature by advancing social marketing theoretical enquiry beyond static behavioural explanation and prediction, representing a move beyond dominant cross-sectional research designs evident in downstream social marketing studies. Thus, this research takes a first step toward the development of a Theory of Behaviour Change. A future program of work that aims to expand research focus towards the factors that can explain behaviour change aligns theory more closely to social marketing’s end game, namely behavioural change.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Dept of Marketing
Griffith Business School
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Reader, Simon Matthew. "Social learning and innovation : individual differences, diffusion dynamics and evolutionary issues". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 1999. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.344085.

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Laffan, Kate. "Issues relating to behaviour, wellbeing and the environment". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2017. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3709/.

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As issues of environmental degradation intensify, the interdependency between humans and the natural environment is coming more and more into focus. In particular, questions about the importance of environmental quality for human wellbeing and about how to mitigate the serious negative impacts humans are having on the environment are of ever-increasing significance. The current work addresses these issues in four empirical papers, split into two separate parts. The first section focuses on the first question, exploring the links between air quality and individual wellbeing. Paper 1 presents a spatially detailed analysis of the relationship between air pollution and a range of measures of subjective wellbeing (SWB), providing a rich picture of how the air pollution individuals are exposed to relates to how they feel. Paper 2 uses mediation analysis to investigate the behavioural production process which converts air pollution into ill-being, providing insights into the role of physical activity and visits to the outdoors play as mediators. The second part of this thesis addresses the second question. Paper 3 investigates the relationship between proenvironmental behaviour (PEB) and a range of SWB measures, shedding light on the wellbeing consequences of PEB for the individual undertaking it and providing insights into strategies to encourage it. Paper 4 tests two interventions which target electricity consumption in a hall of residence in London, providing evidence of an effective approach to reduce individuals’ environmental impact. Taken together, the results of the papers present evidence of psychological and environmental win-wins which can arise from living in and helping to create a better natural environment.
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LaFreniere, Katherine Carol, i University of Lethbridge Faculty of Management. "The decision making process for social issue behaviors : a stakeholder perspective / Katherine Carol Lafreniere". Thesis, Management, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10133/2611.

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This study argues that Stakeholder Theory (Mitchell, Agle, & Wood, 1997) can be applied from the stakeholder‘s perspective in order to understand how stakeholders perceive their claims in an organization and consequently decide how to influence an organization. Using this audience-centric perspective, organizations can influence the stakeholder‘s claims and ultimately how the stakeholder will support the organization. These arguments are supported based on the case of farmers who voted in the 2007 water transfer agreement between the Municipality of Rocky View and the Western Irrigation District (WID). Personal interviews, employing Narrative Research, were conducted to document the participant‘s interpretations. The interview transcripts were analyzed in order to test and expand Stakeholder Theory as well as determine how marketers can use this perspective to successfully target different groups of stakeholders. This understanding contributes to potential management effectiveness because it explains how managers can deal with multiple stakeholder interests.
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Coen, Stephanie. "NEXUS Portal Vol. 3, No. 3 (Summer 2009) ~ Special issue on youth health". NEXUS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15374.

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Isaksson, Emelie, Caroline Ståhl i Emma Bertilsson. "Children's uncontrollable behaviour : A qualitative study of how social workers in Heidedal, South Africa works with the issue". Thesis, Hälsohögskolan, Högskolan i Jönköping, HHJ, Avd. för beteendevetenskap och socialt arbete, 2017. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hj:diva-37670.

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The preconditions for social work changes rapidly in South Africa and the country  is characterized by pervasive inequality with extremes of wealth and poverty.  Access to employment is difficult in rural areas and this leads to large-scale unemployment and poverty in the country. One area with these problems  is the community Heidedal in Bloemfontein, South Africa. Uncontrollable behaviour with children is also a big and increasing issue in the community. The aim of this thesis is to investigate what the term uncontrollable behaviour implicates and how social workers within Heidedal work towards children’s uncontrollable behaviour in the community. This through our chosen theoretical framework, the theory of individual- and community empowerment. The study was carried out through an microethnographic approach, based on semi-structured interviews with social workers coming from four different organisations in Heidedal, together with observations in the area. The focus of the analysis was on separating the material into themes that answer the research aim by using influences from a qualitative content analysis. Uncontrollable behaviour was therefore investigated through specific themes connected to the theory. The findings presented five overlooking themes: Uncontrollable behaviour, Influencing factors on uncontrollable behaviour, Main methods, Main approaches and Work environment. The main findings within this study reveals that uncontrollable behaviour can devolve upon several different things and therefore the social workers in Heidedal are dealing with the issue with many different methods and approaches which will be revealed and discussed in this thesis. From the findings the term “uncontrollable” will furthermore be discussed and questioned. In conclusion the result showed upon the importance of a combination of the two types of empowerment addressed in this thesis; personal empowerment and community empowerment as an alternative way to deal with the issue with uncontrollable behaviour regarding children. This to reach a long term solution, in relation to environmental and socio-economical vulnerable areas that these children operate in.
Förutsättningarna för socialt arbete är ständigt föränderliga i Sydafrika och landet kännetecknas av genomgripande ojämlikhet med ytterligheter av rikedom och fattigdom. Tillgången till sysselsättning är begränsad i områden på landsbygden och detta leder till storskalig arbetslöshet och fattigdom i landet. Ett område med dessa problem är samhället Heidedal i Bloemfontein, Sydafrika. Okontrollerbart beteende hos barn är också ett stort och ökande problem i samhället. Syftet med denna studie är att undersöka vad termen okontrollerbart beteende innebär och hur socialarbetare i Heidedal arbetar med barns okontrollerbara beteende i samhället. Detta genom vår valda teoretiska referensram, teorin om individuell- och community empowerment. Studien genomfördes med ett mikro-etnografiskt förhållningssätt och baserades på semistrukturerade intervjuer med socialarbetare från fyra olika organisationer i Heidedal, samt observationer i området. Fokus i analysen var att dela in materialet i olika teman som besvarar syftet med studien genom att använda influenser från en kvalitativ innehållsanalys. Okontrollerbart beteende hos barn undersöks vidare genom specifika teman kopplade till denna teori. Upptäckterna i denna studie visade på fem övergripande teman: Okontrollerbart beteende, Påverkansfaktorer på okontrollerbart beteende, Huvudsakliga metoder, Huvudsakliga förhållningssätt och Arbetsmiljö. De huvudsakliga upptäckterna i denna studie visar att okontrollerbart beteende hos barn kan vara en följd av flera olika faktorer och därför arbetar socialarbetare i Heidedal med frågan genom många olika metoder och tillvägagångssätt, vilka kommer att belysas och diskuteras i denna studie. Utifrån resultatet kommer också termen  “okontrollerbar” vidare att diskuteras och ifrågasättas. Sammanfattningsvis visade resultatet på vikten av en kombination mellan de två typer av empowerment som nämns i denna studie; personlig empowerment och community empowerment, som ett alternativt sätt att hantera problemet med okontrollerbart beteende hos barn. Detta för att nå en långsiktig lösning, i relation till de miljömässigt och socioekonomiskt sårbara områden som dessa barn befinner sig i.
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Coen, Stephanie. "NEXUS Portal Vol. 3, No. 2 (Spring 2009) ~ Special issue on knowledge exchange". NEXUS, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/15375.

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Książki na temat "Social issue behaviours"

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Social advertising: Social issues, behavior change, danger disease control, social environment. Beau Bassin, Mauritius: Betascript Pub., 2010.

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Zastrow, Charles. Social problems: Issues and solutions. Wyd. 4. Chicago, Ill: Nelson-Hall Publishers, 1996.

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Zastrow, Charles. Social problems: Issues and solutions. Wyd. 5. Australia: Wadsworth, 2000.

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Zastrow, Charles. Social problems: Issues and solutions. Wyd. 2. Chicago: Nelson-Hall, 1988.

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Zastrow, Charles. Social problems: Issues and solutions. Wyd. 3. Chicago: Nelson-Hall Publishers, 1992.

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Stephen, Gilliland, Steiner Dirk i Skarlicki Daniel, red. Managing social and ethical issues in organizations. Charlotte, NC: Information Age Pub. Inc., 2007.

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Understanding the boys: Issues of behaviour and achievement. New York: Falmer Press, 1999.

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National, Seminar on Psychological Care of the Aged (2006 Bhubaneswar India). Behavioural issues in ageing: Care, concern, and commitment. New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co., 2009.

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National Seminar on Psychological Care of the Aged (2006 Bhubaneswar, India). Behavioural issues in ageing: Care, concern, and commitment. New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co., 2009.

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M, Sahoo F., red. Behavioural issues in ageing: Care, concern, and commitment. New Delhi: Concept Pub. Co., 2009.

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Części książek na temat "Social issue behaviours"

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Sleap, Mike. "Explanations of Sporting Behaviour". W Social Issues in Sport, 28–42. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230375734_3.

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Nagata, Donna K. "Impact on Behaviors". W Critical Issues in Social Justice, 167–84. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-1118-6_10.

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Welz, R., H. O. Veiel i H. Häfner. "Social Support and Suicidal Behavior". W Current Issues of Suicidology, 322–27. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-73358-1_43.

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Leary, Mark R., i Rowland S. Miller. "Areas and Issues". W Social Psychology and Dysfunctional Behavior, 195–201. New York, NY: Springer New York, 1986. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-9567-6_12.

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Fisher, Jeffrey D., i Stephen J. Misovich. "Social Influence and AIDS-Preventive Behavior". W Social Psychological Applications to Social Issues, 39–70. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1990. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4899-2094-2_3.

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Koegel, Robert L., William D. Frea i Alan V. Surratt. "Self-Management of Problematic Social Behavior". W Behavioral Issues in Autism, 81–97. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4757-9400-7_5.

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Ikeda, Ana Akemi, Marcos Cortez Campomar i Irene Kazumi Miura. "Consumer Behavior Toward Electrical Energy: A Social and Societal Issue". W Global Perspectives in Marketing for the 21st Century, 252–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-17356-6_79.

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Dolan, Rebecca, Jodie Conduit i John Fahy. "Creating, contributing and consuming behaviour". W Contemporary Issues in Social Media Marketing, 102–16. 1 Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2017.: Routledge, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315563312-8.

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WU, Vivien Xi. "Health Promotion in the Community Via an Intergenerational Platform: Intergenerational e-Health Literacy Program (I-HeLP)". W Health Promotion in Health Care – Vital Theories and Research, 349–57. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-63135-2_24.

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AbstractThe increase in life expectancy and emphasis on self-reliance for older adults are global phenomena. As such, living healthily in the community is considered a viable means of promoting successful and active aging. Existing knowledge indicates the prevalence of health illiteracy among the older population and the impact of poor health literacy on health outcomes and health care costs. Nevertheless, e-health literacy is a critical issue for a rapidly aging population in a technology-driven society. Intergenerational studies reported that older adults enjoy engaging with younger people and benefit from the social stimulation by improved social behaviours, intergenerational social network, and participation.An Intergenerational e-health Literacy Program (I-HeLP) is developed to draw upon the IT-savvy strength of the youth, and teach older adults to seek, understand and appraise health information from electronic sources and apply knowledge gained to address the health problem. I-HeLP is an evidence-based program, which provides comprehensive coverage on relevant health-related e-resources. I-HeLP aims to engage youth volunteers to teach older adults regarding e-health literacy, and enhance older adults’ sense of coherence, e-health literacy, physical and mental health, cognitive function, quality of life, and intergenerational communication. I-HeLP promotes social participation, health, and wellbeing of older adults, and empowers the younger generation to play an active role in society. Furthermore, I-HeLP aligns with the ‘Smart Nation’ initiative by the Singapore government to empower citizens to lead meaningful and fulfilled lives with the use of technology.
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Rogers, Anissa Taun. "Pre-Pregnancy and Prenatal Issues". W Human Behavior in the Social Environment, 180–218. Fifth Edition. | New York : Routledge, 2019. | Series: New directions in social work | Revised edition of the author's Human behavior in the social environment, 2016.: Routledge, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429466670-6.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Social issue behaviours"

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ZANUDDIN, HASMAH, i NURUL HIDAYAH. "Sentiment Analysis on Viral Issues in Social Media". W Fifth International Conference On Advances In Economics, Social Science and Human Behaviour Study - ESSHBS 2016. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-107-8-46.

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STATNICKAITĖ, Justė, i Monika PAULĖ. "MODEL FOR SOCIAL MARKETING IMPACT ON CONSUMERS HEALTHY LIFESTYLE CHOICE". W International Scientific Conference „Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering". Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2021.578.

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Purpose – the purpose of this article is to present the novel model developed to measure social marketing impact on consumers choice for healthy lifestyle. Social marketing is very complex by aiming to promote socially responsible products and behavior for the benefit of the consumer and society at the same time. What is more, con- sumers choice for healthy lifestyle is determined not only by marketing influence but other personality and external environment factors as well. Research methodology – the model presented in the article was developed based on literature analysis and secondary data. Findings – social marketing impact on consumers choice for healthy lifestyle is determined not only by the social mar- keting, but also the consumer personality itself and the influence of the external environment on consumer. Research limitations – validation of the novel developed model dedicated for the measurement of social marketing impact on consumers choice for healthy lifestyle should be further validated with quantitative research methods. Practical implications – the application of the model will enable marketing specialists to determine the contents and other situational details of social marketing for consumers to choose healthy lifestyle and products related to it. Originality/Value – the value of the model is determined by its novel attitude to social marketing in parallel with other factors affecting consumer behaviour.
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CHANG, CHIH PING. "Connect the Virtual to a Real World The Issue of Trojan Defense". W Fourth International Conference on Advances In Social Science, Management and Human Behaviour - SMHB 2016. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-116-0-68.

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Jones, Christian Martyn, i Kay Pozzebon. "Being Safety Smart: Social Issue Game for Child Protective Behaviour Training". W Proceedings of HCI 2010. BCS Learning & Development, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.14236/ewic/hci2010.20.

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Garg, Shweta, i Sanjeev Kumar. "Modeling and analyzing information diffusion behaviour of social networks". W 2014 International Conference on Issues and Challenges in Intelligent Computing Techniques (ICICT). IEEE, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icicict.2014.6781343.

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ZAHARIA, Juliana. "Approaching Reflective Perspective to Contrast Risky Behaviours and Learning Issues". W 3rd International Conference on Social Sciences, Humanities and Arts. GLOBALKS, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.33422/3rd.icsha.2022.07.350.

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Smorkalova, Tatiana. "Social-Psychological Adaptation and Aggressiveness in Early Adolescence". W The Public/Private in Modern Civilization, the 22nd Russian Scientific-Practical Conference (with international participation) (Yekaterinburg, April 16-17, 2020). Liberal Arts University – University for Humanities, Yekaterinburg, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.35853/ufh-public/private-2020-46.

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The article contains empirical findings regarding the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation in adolescents. In today’s world, the issue of aggression and violence remains relevant. To date, the world has faced a complex situation due to economic, ecological, and social problems, which preconditions a rapid rise in human aggressive behaviour. The issue of aggressive behaviour is of particular urgency among adolescents. Many of the factors underlying aggression in adolescence have not yet been sufficiently substantiated in the scientific community. Such insufficiently studied phenomena include the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation. Social-psychological adaptation means a personal state allowing to attain mutual contentment of a person and social environment. Empirical findings have revealed a correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation. It was found that the more aggression and its various forms are expressed, the more maladaptivity is manifested in young adolescents. However, positive associations were found between forms of aggression and components of adolescent socio- psychological adjustment. In this case, aggression can act as a compensating factor for maladaptation. Further studies of the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation comprises, firstly, research into gender differences in the correlation between aggressiveness and social-psychological adaptation, and secondly, studies in other ages and social groups of respondents.
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Černikovaitė, Miglė. "The impact of Influencer marketing on consumer buying behavior in social networks". W Contemporary Issues in Business, Management and Economics Engineering. Vilnius Gediminas Technical University, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/cibmee.2019.082.

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Purpose – the purpose of the article is to analyze the impact effect of Influencers marketing on consumer buying behavior by determining which partnership opportunities are most relevant. Research methodology – the theoretical analysis of scientific literature and quantitative statistical analysis of empirical research results. Findings – the research in Lithuania has shown that before making a decision to purchase a product or a service, most respondents are actively seeking information in social networks by reading other costumers feedback. Moreover, the survey reveals that recommendations, comments, shared information about certain brands by Influencers are the most important factors in changing buying behavior. Research limitations – the main limitations of research may be the geographical research area – Lithuania and social networks (Facebook). Practical implications – understanding of Influencers impact on consumer buying behavior. Originality/Value – this scientific topic is rather new. Scientists, like Matsumura, Yamamoto, & Tomozawa (2008), investigated Influencers and Consumer Insights impact in the Blogosphere; Thakur, Srivastava (2015) presented a Conceptual research model of Influencers impact of Customer Satisfaction and Loyalty and etc. However, there is a lack of research investigating the impact of Influencer marketing on consumer buying behavior. This research aims to fill this gap in the Lithuanian case
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Skora, Lucas Eduardo Bonancio, i Thiago Henrique Silva. "Comparing International Movements of Tourists: Official Census versus Social Media". W Anais Estendidos do Simpósio Brasileiro de Sistemas Multimídia e Web. Sociedade Brasileira de Computação - SBC, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.5753/webmedia_estendido.2021.17610.

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Tourism is one of the most competitive, lucrative, and socially important economic segments in the world. Therefore, understanding the behavior of tourists is strategic for improving services and results. Many studies in the literature explore this issue using traditional data, such as surveys. These approaches provide reliable, precise information, but it is hard to obtain on a large scale, making studying worldwide patterns difficult. Location-Based Social Networks (LBSNs) could minimize these problems due to the ease of acquiring large amounts of detailed behavioral data. Nevertheless, before using such data, it is imperative to determine whether the information reveals behaviors comparable to traditional data - our ground truth. Thus, this work investigates whether the international flow of tourists measured with LBSN data is similar to the behavior estimated by the World Tourism Organization with traditional data sources. Our results suggest that LBSNs data represent the studied behavior well, indicating that they could be used in research regarding tourism mobility at different levels.
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THI, VU. "Privacy issues concerning the disclosure of personal information on Social Network Sites Case study of Vietnamese Facebook teen users". W International Conference on Advances in Economics, Social Science and Human Behaviour Study - ESSHBS 2015. Institute of Research Engineers and Doctors, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.15224/978-1-63248-041-5-71.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Social issue behaviours"

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Skrbiš, Zlatko, Jonathan Smith, Jacqueline Laughland-Booÿ, Duncan Cook, Bruce Tranter, Andrea Findlay i Maddison Cunningham. Young Queenslanders’ experiences of COVID-19 : Insights from the Our Lives cohort study. Australian Catholic University, grudzień 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.24268/acu.8yqzz.

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[Extract] These findings provide an overview of changes in young Queenslanders’ attitudes, behaviours, and life pathways during the early spread of COVID-19 and public health restrictions to contain it. Evidently, this period of sudden, mass social and economic disruption posed heightened risks to the social, economic, and psychological well-being of the Our Lives cohort and those young adults they represent. The introduction of emergency welfare measures may have been a short-term buffer to some of these impacts, as were the opportunities found by more fortunate young people to strengthen existing relationships, and cultivate an inward focus on personal goals, interests, and health. Nonetheless, our research suggests both the risks and opportunities posed by COVID-19 are being experienced unevenly within the cohort, with the potential for a widening of social inequalities. Encouragingly, there were signs that political bipartisanship on the issue of COVID-19 has helped to reverse a long-term decline in young people’s trust in government and politicians generally. Further research on the Our Lives cohort will thus be critical for understanding the longer-term implications of COVID-19 for the lives and outlooks of young Queenslanders into 2021 and beyond.
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OFFICE OF NAVAL RESEARCH ARLINGTON VA. Human Social Culture Behavior Modeling Program Newsletter. Volume 1. Issue 1, Spring 2009. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, marzec 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada496310.

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Dabrowski, Anna, i Pru Mitchell. Effects of remote learning on mental health and socialisation. Literature Review. Australian Council for Educational Research, listopad 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.37517/978-1-74286-682-6.

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This literature review focuses on the effects of remote learning on mental health, including acute mental health issues and possible ongoing implications for student wellbeing and socialisation. It provides an overview of some of the challenges that can impact on the mental health and relationships of young people, many of which have accelerated or become more complex during the COVID-19 pandemic. In the light of concern about rising antisocial behaviour and extremism there is a focus on socialisation and self-regulation on return to school post-pandemic. In the face of limited Australian research on these topics, the review takes a global focus and includes experiences from other countries as evidenced in the emerging research literature. Based on these findings the review offers advice to school leaders regarding the self-regulatory behaviours of students on return to school after periods of remote learning, and addresses social and emotional considerations as students transition back to school. It also considers ways in which schools can promote wellbeing and respond to mental health concerns as a way to address and prevent antisocial behaviours, recognise manifestations in extremism (including religious fundamentalism), and challenge a general rise in extremist views.
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Iyer, Ruhil, i Léa Pare Toe. Impact of Climate Hazards on Rural Sanitation and Hygiene Practices in Burkina Faso. The Sanitation Learning Hub, Institute of Development Studies, sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.19088/slh.2022.016.

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Despite climate change being a major concern for the sanitation sector, rural sanitation remains neglected in the wider discussions of climate impacts on WASH services. Also, the voices of vulnerable individuals, households, and communities who are experiencing the effects of climate change in relation to sanitation issues are missing. The aim of the case study was to expand the evidence base on climate impacts on rural sanitation and hygiene practices and programmes in Burkina Faso and on practical adaptations to increase resilience and ensure communities are better able to maintain improved sanitation behaviours during and after times of climate stress. There was a focus on the social dimensions of impacts, exploring vulnerabilities and behavioural aspects of sanitation access and use. Additionally, the research identified the impacts climate change is already having on current programming efforts in rural settings.
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USDA Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station. Fuels planning: science synthesis and integration; social issues fact sheet 02: Developing personal responsibility for fuels reduction: Types of information to encourage proactive behavior. Ft. Collins, CO: U.S. Department of Agriculture, Forest Service, Rocky Mountain Research Station, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.2737/rmrs-rn-21-v2.

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Mehta, Goverdhan, Alain Krief, Henning Hopf i Stephen A. Matlin. Chemistry in a post-Covid-19 world. AsiaChem Magazine, listopad 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.51167/acm00013.

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The long-term impacts of global upheaval unleashed by Covid-19 on economic, political, social configurations, trade, everyday life in general, and broader planetary sustainability issues are still unfolding and a full assessment will take some time. However, in the short term, the disruptive effects of the pandemic on health, education, and behaviors and on science and education have already manifested themselves profoundly – and the chemistry arena is also deeply affected. There will be ramifications for many facets of chemistry’s ambit, including how it repositions itself and how it is taught, researched, practiced, and resourced within the rapidly shifting post-Covid-19 contexts. The implications for chemistry are discussed hereunder three broad headings, relating to trends (a) within the field of knowledge transfer; (b) in knowledge application and translational research; and (c) affecting academic/professional life.
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Adegoke, Damilola, Natasha Chilambo, Adeoti Dipeolu, Ibrahim Machina, Ade Obafemi-Olopade i Dolapo Yusuf. Public discourses and Engagement on Governance of Covid-19 in Ekiti State, Nigeria. African Leadership Center, King's College London, grudzień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.47697/lab.202101.

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Numerous studies have emerged so far on Covid-19 (SARS-CoV-2) across different disciplines. There is virtually no facet of human experience and relationships that have not been studied. In Nigeria, these studies include knowledge and attitude, risk perception, public perception of Covid-19 management, e-learning, palliatives, precautionary behaviours etc.,, Studies have also been carried out on public framing of Covid-19 discourses in Nigeria; these have explored both offline and online messaging and issues from the perspectives of citizens towards government’s policy responses such as palliative distributions, social distancing and lockdown. The investigators of these thematic concerns deployed different methodological tools in their studies. These tools include policy evaluations, content analysis, sentiment analysis, discourse analysis, survey questionnaires, focus group discussions, in depth-interviews as well as machine learning., These studies nearly always focus on the national government policy response, with little or no focus on the constituent states. In many of the studies, the researchers work with newspaper articles for analysis of public opinions while others use social media generated contents such as tweets) as sources for analysis of sentiments and opinions. Although there are others who rely on the use of survey questionnaires and other tools outlined above; the limitations of these approaches necessitated the research plan adopted by this study. Most of the social media users in Nigeria are domiciled in cities and their demography comprises the middle class (socio-economic) who are more likely to be literate with access to internet technologies. Hence, the opinions of a majority of the population who are most likely rural dwellers with limited access to internet technologies are very often excluded. This is not in any way to disparage social media content analysis findings; because the opinions expressed by opinion leaders usually represent the larger subset of opinions prevalent in the society. Analysing public perception using questionnaires is also fraught with its challenges, as well as reliance on newspaper articles. A lot of the newspapers and news media organisations in Nigeria are politically hinged; some of them have active politicians and their associates as their proprietors. Getting unbiased opinions from these sources might be difficult. The news articles are also most likely to reflect and amplify official positions through press releases and interviews which usually privilege elite actors. These gaps motivated this collaboration between Ekiti State Government and the African Leadership Centre at King’s College London to embark on research that will primarily assess public perceptions of government leadership response to Covid-19 in Ekiti State. The timeframe of the study covers the first phase of the pandemic in Ekiti State (March/April to August 2020).
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Barker, Gary, Jorge Lyra i Benedito Medrado. The roles, responsibilities, and realities of married adolescent males and adolescent fathers: A brief literature review. Population Council, 2004. http://dx.doi.org/10.31899/pgy22.1004.

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From the perspective of developing countries, we know relatively little about married adolescent males and adolescent fathers, and much of what we know is inferred from research with young women or comes from a few specific regions in the world. However, there has been a growing interest in the issue on the part of researchers, policy-makers, and program staff. This interest has coincided with increasing attention in general to men, with gender studies, and with sexual and reproductive health initiatives. Early marriage and early childbearing are much more prevalent among young women than young men, and the negative consequences are more significant among young women. Nonetheless, it is the behavior and attitudes of men, within social contexts where gender hierarchies favor men over women, that often create young women’s vulnerability. Much of the research and literature on adolescent fathers comes from Latin America, the Caribbean, North America, and Europe. This paper reviews some of the literature on young married men and young fathers, concluding with suggestions for engaging young men to promote better reproductive and sexual health and more favorable life outcomes for married adolescent women and young men.
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Syvash, Kateryna. AUDIENCE FEEDBACK AS AN ELEMENT OF PARASOCIAL COMMUNICATION WITH SCREEN MEDIA-PERSONS. Ivan Franko National University of Lviv, luty 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.30970/vjo.2021.49.11062.

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Parasocial communication is defined as an illusory and one-sided interaction between the viewer and the media person, which is analogous to interpersonal communication. Among the classic media, television has the greatest potential for such interaction through a combination of audio and visual series and a wide range of television content – from newscasts to talent shows. Viewers’ reaction to this product can be seen as a defining element of parasociality and directly affect the popularity of a media person and the ratings of the TV channel. In this article we will consider feedback as part of parasocial communication and describe ways to express it in times of media transformations. The psychological interaction «media person – viewer» had been the focus of research by both psychologists and media experts for over 60 years. During the study, scientists described the predictors, functions, manifestations and possible consequences of paracommunication. One of the key elements of the formed parasocial connections is the real audience reaction. Our goal is to conceptualize the concept of feedback in the paradigm of parasocial communication and describe the main types of reactions to the media person in long-term parasocial relationships. The research focuses on the ways in which the viewer’s feedback on the television media person is expressed, bypassing the issue of classifying the audience’s feedback as «positive» and «negative». For this purpose, more than 20 interdisciplinary scientific works on the issue of parasocial interaction were analyzed and their generalization was carried out. Based on pre­vious research, the types and methods of feedback in the television context are separated. With successful parasocial interaction, the viewer can react in different ways to the media person. The type of feedback will directly depend on the strength of the already established communication with the media person. We distinguish seven types of feedback and divide them into those that occur during or after a television show; those that are spontaneous or planned; aimed directly at the media person or third parties. We offer the following types of feedback from TV viewers: «talking to the TV»; telling about the experience of parasocial communication to others; following on social networks; likes and comments; imitation of behavior and appearance; purchase of recommended brands; fanart.
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Lewis, Dustin. Three Pathways to Secure Greater Respect for International Law concerning War Algorithms. Harvard Law School Program on International Law and Armed Conflict, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.54813/wwxn5790.

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Existing and emerging applications of artificial intelligence in armed conflicts and other systems reliant upon war algorithms and data span diverse areas. Natural persons may increasingly depend upon these technologies in decisions and activities related to killing combatants, destroying enemy installations, detaining adversaries, protecting civilians, undertaking missions at sea, conferring legal advice, and configuring logistics. In intergovernmental debates on autonomous weapons, a normative impasse appears to have emerged. Some countries assert that existing law suffices, while several others call for new rules. Meanwhile, the vast majority of efforts by States to address relevant systems focus by and large on weapons, means, and methods of warfare. Partly as a result, the broad spectrum of other far-reaching applications is rarely brought into view. One normatively grounded way to help identify and address relevant issues is to elaborate pathways that States, international organizations, non-state parties to armed conflict, and others may pursue to help secure greater respect for international law. In this commentary, I elaborate on three such pathways: forming and publicly expressing positions on key legal issues, taking measures relative to their own conduct, and taking steps relative to the behavior of others. None of these pathways is sufficient in itself, and there are no doubt many others that ought to be pursued. But each of the identified tracks is arguably necessary to ensure that international law is — or becomes — fit for purpose. By forming and publicly expressing positions on relevant legal issues, international actors may help clarify existing legal parameters, pinpoint salient enduring and emerging issues, and detect areas of convergence and divergence. Elaborating legal views may also help foster greater trust among current and potential adversaries. To be sure, in recent years, States have already fashioned hundreds of statements on autonomous weapons. Yet positions on other application areas are much more difficult to find. Further, forming and publicly expressing views on legal issues that span thematic and functional areas arguably may help States and others overcome the current normative stalemate on autonomous weapons. Doing so may also help identify — and allocate due attention and resources to — additional salient thematic and functional areas. Therefore, I raise a handful of cross-domain issues for consideration. These issues touch on things like exercising human agency, reposing legally mandated evaluative decisions in natural persons, and committing to engage only in scrutable conduct. International actors may also take measures relative to their own conduct. To help illustrate this pathway, I outline several such existing measures. In doing so, I invite readers to inventory and peruse these types of steps in order to assess whether the nature or character of increasingly complex socio-technical systems reliant upon war algorithms and data may warrant revitalized commitments or adjustments to existing measures — or, perhaps, development of new ones. I outline things like enacting legislation necessary to prosecute alleged perpetrators of grave breaches, making legal advisers available to the armed forces, and taking steps to prevent abuses of the emblem. Finally, international actors may take measures relative to the conduct of others. To help illustrate this pathway, I outline some of the existing steps that other States, international organizations, and non-state parties may take to help secure respect for the law by those undertaking the conduct. These measures may include things like addressing matters of legal compliance by exerting diplomatic pressure, resorting to penal sanctions to repress violations, conditioning or refusing arms transfers, and monitoring the fate of transferred detainees. Concerning military partnerships in particular, I highlight steps such as conditioning joint operations on a partner’s compliance with the law, planning operations jointly in order to prevent violations, and opting out of specific operations if there is an expectation that the operations would violate applicable law. Some themes and commitments cut across these three pathways. Arguably, respect for the law turns in no small part on whether natural persons can and will foresee, understand, administer, and trace the components, behaviors, and effects of relevant systems. It may be advisable, moreover, to institute ongoing cross-disciplinary education and training as well as the provision of sufficient technical facilities for all relevant actors, from commanders to legal advisers to prosecutors to judges. Further, it may be prudent to establish ongoing monitoring of others’ technical capabilities. Finally, it may be warranted for relevant international actors to pledge to engage, and to call upon others to engage, only in armed-conflict-related conduct that is sufficiently attributable, discernable, and scrutable.
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