Rozprawy doktorskie: „Social comfort”

1

Ackerman, Jennifer. "Social work students' comfort with gay and lesbian families". Honors in the Major Thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETH/id/816.

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Despite recent advancements in legislation and policies regarding gay and lesbian Americans, negative attitudes and perceptions toward this population still exist. Anecdotal information from social work classroom interactions suggests that biases against gays and lesbian families may exist among those being trained as helping professionals. This study examined social work student comfort with gay and lesbian families. The researcher used an exploratory-descriptive research design, with a sample of 85 Bachelors level social work students (BSW) and Masters level social work students (MSW) who completed the 52 item online questionnaire related to gay and lesbian parenting. The findings from the research suggest the presence of a statistically significant relationship between students' attitudes towards gays and lesbians and students' comfort level with same sex parents. The researcher discusses the significance of the study and the implications for social work practice and education.
B.S.W.
Bachelors
Health and Public Affairs
Social Work

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Sierra, Marisol. "LEVELS OF COMFORT WITH SPIRITUALITY AMONG SOCIAL WORK STUDENTS". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/318.

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This research study examined the spirituality comfort levels amongst social work students. This study examined 48 social work students who participated in this study with most participants being Hispanic females, however, there were other various participants. Quantitative research was used for this study by handing out surveys to Master of Social Work students at California State University, San Bernardino. Students were asked to state their opinions and views to the following: spirituality in social work practice, spirituality and professional interventions, need for spirituality education and training, personal ideology, and demographics. The results of this study suggest that students are open and comfortable with the idea of spirituality in social work practice, however, they are uncomfortable when applying concrete terms and ideology to practice. This is due to the fact that students have stated they are not satisfied with their spirituality education and need more of it to integrate it into practice. Students have stated they have not received the proper spirituality education needed to serve clients, and are willing to enroll in spirituality integration classes for further professional growth.

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3

MacIntosh, Winifred Rebecca Dudley. "The Hotels of Old Point Comfort: A Material Culture Study". W&M ScholarWorks, 1990. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539625582.

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4

Teoh, Ai Ni. "Dual Effects of Social Support on Cardiovascular Reactivity: Social Support as a Comfort and an Encouragement". Diss., North Dakota State University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10365/25174.

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The stress-buffering hypothesis (Cohen & McKay, 1984) proposes that social support attenuates cardiovascular reactivity (CVR) in times of stress. Past research which tested this hypothesis has obtained inconsistent findings. A dual effect model of social support and stress (Teoh & Hilmert, 2015) suggests that these inconsistent findings could be due to different effects of social support on CVR that depend on how engaged participants are during a stressful task. Specifically, this model proposes that when people are not engaged, social support encourages, increasing CVR relative to no support; and when people are engaged, social support comforts, attenuating CVR relative to no support. This study examined the dual effect model by empirically manipulating social support and task engagement while monitoring participants’ cardiovascular readings. We randomly assigned the participants (N = 121, all women) to give a speech on either a more engaging or a less engaging topic while receiving social support or no support from two evaluative female audience members. Before and after the speech, the participants completed several questionnaires that included measures of perceived stress and task engagement. Our results showed that, consistent with our prediction, socially supported participants responded to the task with greater CVR than nonsupported participants in the less engaging condition, indicating a social encouragement effect of social support. However, when the speech topic was more engaging, there was no significant effect of social support on CVR. Our findings show that task engagement moderates the effects of social support on CVR. The health implication of a CVR-elevating effect of social support is relatively unexplored and suggests that increased CVR to stress may be associated with positive health in certain situations.
NDSU Graduate School Doctoral Dissertation Fellowship

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5

Chatani, Kaoru. "Creating comfort : social support communication and cross-cultural adaptation of sojourner women /". The Ohio State University, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu148639916010463.

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VASQUEZ, ELIZABETH MACEIRA ANTELO. "ANALYSIS OF ENVIRONMENTAL COMFORT IN SOCIAL HOUSING PROJECTS ACCORDING TO NBR 15.575:2013". PONTIFÍCIA UNIVERSIDADE CATÓLICA DO RIO DE JANEIRO, 2017. http://www.maxwell.vrac.puc-rio.br/Busca_etds.php?strSecao=resultado&nrSeq=32450@1.

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Em vigor desde Julho de 2013, a NBR 15575:2013 agrupa indicadores de desempenho que remetem a um modelo de moradia adequada. Com um novo conceito de construção, valoriza a atividade de projetos e o envolvimento de toda cadeia produtiva, proporcionando um salto na qualidade das edificações. Devido às características de projeto das habitações destinadas a população considerada de baixa renda, atender ao desempenho mínimo estabelecido pela NBR 15575 representará uma elevação no padrão dessas edificações. Com a proposta de padrão mínimo de desempenho, a norma de desempenho rompe o paradigma de que a qualidade das habitações deve corresponder unicamente ao padrão econômico dos usuários. Em busca de melhoria da qualidade das habitações populares, este trabalho visa avaliar o conforto ambiental nos projetos habitacionais do PMCMV – Faixa 1, na Região Metropolitana do Rio de Janeiro. A pesquisa aborda os requisitos de conforto ambiental presentes na NBR 15575 –desempenho térmico, acústico e lumínico – face aos sistemas construtivos componentes da envoltória da edificação.
As a means of solving the housing deficit caused by the rapid growth of the urban population, public authorities have been promoting over the last few decades actions aimed at encouraging the production of popular housing projects. Currently, the federal government, by means of a national housing policy, is focusing investments on what is called the Band 1 of the program My House, My Life (in Portuguese, Programa Minha Casa, Minha Vida – PMCMV), which aims to create mechanisms to encourage the production and purchase of new housing units by families with monthly income of up to 1,800.00 reais. Launched in 2009, the program contracted more than 4.2 million housing units until February 2017. With that in mind, the construction of popular housing has proven committed to meeting the demand for quantity but is inefficient regarding design and construction quality. Although, for most beneficiaries, the buildings represent an evolution in their housing pattern, basic requirements of appropriate housing are depreciated. With solutions usually focused on construction speed and scale economy, a rationalization of space production prevails. Other aspects are left in the background, such as: environmental comfort criteria, functionality, proper location and even, in some cases, construction quality. Providing the market with quality environments is as important as supplying the housing demand, mainly under the perspective of the future resident. The quality of a building results in the welfare of the user promoted by the living conditions, and the architectural design is the way to develop these conditions.

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7

Hungerford, David Granville. "Living without air-conditioning in a hot climate : thermal comfort in social context /". For electronic version search Digital dissertations database. Restricted to UC campuses. Access is free to UC campus dissertations, 2003. http://uclibs.org/PID/11984.

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Morgan, Matt. "CREATURE COMFORT: ANTHROPOMORPHISM, SEXUALITY, AND REVITALIZATION IN THE FURRY FANDOM". MSSTATE, 2008. http://sun.library.msstate.edu/ETD-db/theses/available/etd-04042008-164344/.

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This paper attempts to describe and analyze the culture of the furry fandom within the context of anthropologist Anthony Wallaces model of cultural revitalization movements. This paper argues that the furry fandom represents a modern, subcultural revitalization movement in which values, identity, and sexuality are transformed through the mechanism of zoomorphic symbolism. Over one-hundred interviewees were formally and/or informally interviewed during the course of this study. Interviewees generally expressed a deep affinity for childhood and a negative perspective on adolescent culture. This paper argues that the transformation of identity present in the furry fandom is based on a synthesis of idealized concepts of childhood culture and reactions to negative-self images developed during adolescence. This revitalization process is most evident in the sexual practices of many furries. Rather than a conglomeration of fetishes, the sexual practices of the fandom represent an attempt to redefine individuals "mazeways" through the merging of childhood iconography with sexual empowerment and other traits desired by interviewees.

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9

Steiner, Ariana. "Disruptions of Normalcy: Subverting Discomfort and Expanding Social Perceptions of Art Through Process-based Experiences". Scholarship @ Claremont, 2017. http://scholarship.claremont.edu/scripps_theses/933.

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This paper explores the artistic theories of social practice and examines the artwork of Michael Rakowitz, Carmen Loch and Ernesto Neto to observe the ways artists can expand traditional understandings of art. Looking at art therapy and the ways that participation in art can make art more accessible and functional, this paper also outlines a project which functions to bring comfort to participants and expand boundaries of art through individually shaped personal experiences.

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10

Butcher, Kenneth John, i n/a. "Effects of Relational Outcomes on Customer Loyalty". Griffith University. School of Tourism and Hotel Management, 2000. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20050914.140054.

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Customer loyalty in services is the focus of the research. The research problem sought to determine both indirect and indirect effects of relational outcomes on customer loyalty, conceptualised as a psychological state. Relational outcomes are defined as: the thoughts, feelings, and relationships perceived by customers arising from the interaction with a service employee. This class of variable is differentiated from other relational factors such as the characteristics of the actors in the interaction and their behaviours. The effects of relational outcome antecedents were compared to service evaluation antecedents such as customer satisfaction, quality, and value. Customer loyalty was modelled as a psychological state and grounded in the unique characteristics of services. The pioneering work of Kingstrom (1983) was used as a basis for extending the literature. Customer loyalty is an important variable for both services marketing researchers and industry. Accordingly, the research was justified on both theoretical and managerial grounds. Four factors inspired the identification of the research gap: a lack of service loyalty research grounded in service characteristics, lack of studies that conceptualised loyalty as a psychological state, inadequacy of service evaluation measures to predict customer loyalty, and the perceived importance of social interaction to service outcomes. Data collection included pilot studies, re-analysis of published literature, and three major studies. In the first major study, 23 informants provided insights into the nature of three specific relational outcomes: friendship, social comfort, and social regard. The second study was a cross-sectional survey of 190 hair-dressing customers. The specific relationships between friendship, social regard, social comfort, value for money, service encounter satisfaction, perceived core service quality, and customer loyalty were established in this study. New scales were also developed for friendship, social regard, social comfort, and customer loyalty. A third study collected survey data from 406 customers of hairdressing salons, cafes, and naturopathic clinics. Hypothesised relationships were tested through three nested structural equation models. The results indicate that relational outcomes in general are important to customer loyalty. Their effects on loyalty as a psychological state are both direct and indirect. The strength of the effects of relational outcomes on loyalty compares favourably with the effects of service evaluation measures on loyalty. The construct of friendship between individual customer and service employee was found to be related significantly and positively with customer loyalty. The effect of personal friendship appears to have as strong an effect as perceptions of core quality and service encounter satisfaction. Another major finding was that the two relational outcomes of social comfort and social regard both had an indirect influence on customer loyalty. This effect was mediated through the service evaluation constructs of perceived core service quality and service encounter satisfaction. Social comfort affected both quality and satisfaction whereas social regard only influenced quality. However, the impact of social regard on core quality was substantial. Friendship was not found to have a significant relationship with either quality or satisfaction. These findings suggest that there is a temporal dimension to the influence of relational outcomes. Both social regard and social comfort appear to be more important in the early stages of customer-service provider interaction. It also appears that customers evaluate the core quality of everyday services such as hair salons, cafes, and naturopaths using social cues such as feeling well regarded. A further major finding was the lack of a significant relationship between value for money and psychological loyalty in both quantitative studies. Effects of quality, satisfaction, and friendship appear to be important to loyalty development whereas customer value is not. This finding suggests that value for money may be related directly to actual purchase behaviour or repurchase intentions rather than mediated through psychological feelings of loyalty. Hence, evaluations which reflect pricing considerations are less likely to be associated with psychological loyalty than more relationally oriented constructs. The findings indicate important implications for both marketers and researchers. Marketing strategists need to be clear about pursuing either a loyalty or a value for money strategy. The former may not result from the latter. Relational outcomes lead to psychological loyalty but their interactive effects operate differently. Friendship with a service employee provides a direct contribution to loyalty development. Whereas social regard and social comfort affect customers' evaluation of the service. Pursuing a relational strategy will have implications for the way frontline staff are selected and trained. Theoretical implications include: using the relational outcomes as a basis for middle range theory development, support for the linear-additive measurement approach, use of laddering techniques to determine relevant influencing variables, and additional explanatory power to the service recovery literature. In conclusion, a unidimensional construct of psychological loyalty, grounded in service characteristics, was developed, tested, and evaluated for wide application to service industries. Three specific relational antecedents: Friendship, social regard, and social comfort were found to be important to the development of customer loyalty. The research highlighted how these relational outcomes interacted with service evaluation measures to produce loyal customers. Accordingly, Kingstrom's (1983) work has been extended.

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11

Butcher, Kenneth. "Effects of Relational Outcomes on Customer Loyalty". Thesis, Griffith University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367110.

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Customer loyalty in services is the focus of the research. The research problem sought to determine both indirect and indirect effects of relational outcomes on customer loyalty, conceptualised as a psychological state. Relational outcomes are defined as: the thoughts, feelings, and relationships perceived by customers arising from the interaction with a service employee. This class of variable is differentiated from other relational factors such as the characteristics of the actors in the interaction and their behaviours. The effects of relational outcome antecedents were compared to service evaluation antecedents such as customer satisfaction, quality, and value. Customer loyalty was modelled as a psychological state and grounded in the unique characteristics of services. The pioneering work of Kingstrom (1983) was used as a basis for extending the literature. Customer loyalty is an important variable for both services marketing researchers and industry. Accordingly, the research was justified on both theoretical and managerial grounds. Four factors inspired the identification of the research gap: a lack of service loyalty research grounded in service characteristics, lack of studies that conceptualised loyalty as a psychological state, inadequacy of service evaluation measures to predict customer loyalty, and the perceived importance of social interaction to service outcomes. Data collection included pilot studies, re-analysis of published literature, and three major studies. In the first major study, 23 informants provided insights into the nature of three specific relational outcomes: friendship, social comfort, and social regard. The second study was a cross-sectional survey of 190 hair-dressing customers. The specific relationships between friendship, social regard, social comfort, value for money, service encounter satisfaction, perceived core service quality, and customer loyalty were established in this study. New scales were also developed for friendship, social regard, social comfort, and customer loyalty. A third study collected survey data from 406 customers of hairdressing salons, cafes, and naturopathic clinics. Hypothesised relationships were tested through three nested structural equation models. The results indicate that relational outcomes in general are important to customer loyalty. Their effects on loyalty as a psychological state are both direct and indirect. The strength of the effects of relational outcomes on loyalty compares favourably with the effects of service evaluation measures on loyalty. The construct of friendship between individual customer and service employee was found to be related significantly and positively with customer loyalty. The effect of personal friendship appears to have as strong an effect as perceptions of core quality and service encounter satisfaction. Another major finding was that the two relational outcomes of social comfort and social regard both had an indirect influence on customer loyalty. This effect was mediated through the service evaluation constructs of perceived core service quality and service encounter satisfaction. Social comfort affected both quality and satisfaction whereas social regard only influenced quality. However, the impact of social regard on core quality was substantial. Friendship was not found to have a significant relationship with either quality or satisfaction. These findings suggest that there is a temporal dimension to the influence of relational outcomes. Both social regard and social comfort appear to be more important in the early stages of customer-service provider interaction. It also appears that customers evaluate the core quality of everyday services such as hair salons, cafes, and naturopaths using social cues such as feeling well regarded. A further major finding was the lack of a significant relationship between value for money and psychological loyalty in both quantitative studies. Effects of quality, satisfaction, and friendship appear to be important to loyalty development whereas customer value is not. This finding suggests that value for money may be related directly to actual purchase behaviour or repurchase intentions rather than mediated through psychological feelings of loyalty. Hence, evaluations which reflect pricing considerations are less likely to be associated with psychological loyalty than more relationally oriented constructs. The findings indicate important implications for both marketers and researchers. Marketing strategists need to be clear about pursuing either a loyalty or a value for money strategy. The former may not result from the latter. Relational outcomes lead to psychological loyalty but their interactive effects operate differently. Friendship with a service employee provides a direct contribution to loyalty development. Whereas social regard and social comfort affect customers' evaluation of the service. Pursuing a relational strategy will have implications for the way frontline staff are selected and trained. Theoretical implications include: using the relational outcomes as a basis for middle range theory development, support for the linear-additive measurement approach, use of laddering techniques to determine relevant influencing variables, and additional explanatory power to the service recovery literature. In conclusion, a unidimensional construct of psychological loyalty, grounded in service characteristics, was developed, tested, and evaluated for wide application to service industries. Three specific relational antecedents: Friendship, social regard, and social comfort were found to be important to the development of customer loyalty. The research highlighted how these relational outcomes interacted with service evaluation measures to produce loyal customers. Accordingly, Kingstrom's (1983) work has been extended.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Tourism and Hotel Management
Full Text

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12

Garcia, Thiago dos Santos. "Avaliação do conforto térmico dos apartamentos do BNH da cidade de Santos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2015. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/3/3146/tde-22072016-145420/.

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Boas alternativas nas escolhas de materiais construtivos em um projeto arquitetônico possibilitam de forma mais assertiva os aspectos de conforto térmico em habitações de interesse social. A existência de normas que determinem alguns parâmetros de conforto térmico não significa que a unidade habitacional esteja dentro dos parâmetros ideais, já que dependem de bons projetos, correta execução da obra e estarem adequadas às restrições econômicas dos usuários. Esta pesquisa teve como motivação revelar as reclamações dos usuários referentes ao conforto térmico no interior das unidades habitacionais do BNH de Santos, construído em 1969, identificando quais eram os principais problemas térmicos ocorridos nestas unidades habitacionais. O objetivo desta pesquisa é verificar se os usuários encontram-se dentro dos padrões de conforto térmico estabelecidos por normas existentes e recomendar possíveis soluções que colaborem para que os apartamentos estejam dentro dos parâmetros de conforto térmico adequados. Através de relatos dos usuários, foi proposta uma medição no local cuja finalidade era identificar se havia compatibilidade entre os resultados obtidos na APO aplicada com os resultados medidos e identificar se estas compatibilidades aplicavam-se as normas de conforto térmico existentes. Simulações no software energyplus foram realizadas com a finalidade de propor melhorias projetuais nos apartamentos que estivessem em desconforto térmico. Os resultados mostram que a maioria dos usuários entende que, ao longo do ano, os apartamentos possuem temperaturas elevadas, gerando desconforto térmico. Estes desconfortos ocorrem possivelmente à ocupação de cada apartamento, além da influência da radiação solar direta que cada apartamento recebe ao longo do dia.
The current wide range of alternatives in building materials makes it possible for architects to have greater control over aspects affecting thermal comfort in their designs for social dwelling. The existence of rules governing thermal comfort parameters does not mean that dwelling units are always constructed within the optimal parameters, as this depends on the quality of projects, the correct execution of construction work, and the economic constraints of users. This study was motivated by user complaints relating to thermal comfort inside the BNH Santos dwelling units, which were built in 1969. These complaints identify the main thermal problems occurring in the dwellings units. The objective of this research is to verify whether users live within the existing standards for thermal comfort, and to recommend possible solutions so that the apartments can all be within proper thermal comfort parameters. Based on reports from users, measurements were taken on site to determine whether there was compatibility between the results obtained in the POE and the measured results, and to identify whether any compatibilities applied to existing standards of thermal comfort. Energyplus software simulations were carried out, in order to determine proposed improvements to apartments whose inhabitants were experiencing thermal discomfort. The results show that most users understand that, during the year, the apartments have high temperatures that generate thermal discomfort. This discomfort may occur as a result of the occupation of each apartment, and may go beyond the influence of the direct sunlight that each apartment receives throughout the day.

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13

Gregory, Raeleene. "Too close for comfort? : personal and professional role boundaries in rural health and welfare practice". Thesis, University of Ballarat, 2006. http://researchonline.federation.edu.au/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/33661.

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"'Too close for comfort?' explores the challenges of working and living in Australian rural communities for a group of health and welfare professionals. Personal and professional role overlap is a key concern particularly as it has implications for ethical practice. This project [...] used a qualitative grounded theory approach to develop a theory about the adoption and management of professional role boundaries within ethical service delivery. "
Doctor of Philosophy

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14

Gregory, Raeleene. "Too close for comfort? : personal and professional role boundaries in rural health and welfare practice". University of Ballarat, 2006. http://archimedes.ballarat.edu.au:8080/vital/access/HandleResolver/1959.17/14614.

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"'Too close for comfort?' explores the challenges of working and living in Australian rural communities for a group of health and welfare professionals. Personal and professional role overlap is a key concern particularly as it has implications for ethical practice. This project [...] used a qualitative grounded theory approach to develop a theory about the adoption and management of professional role boundaries within ethical service delivery. "
Doctor of Philosophy

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15

Myronidi, Despoina. "LIGHT-BEAT: REACTIVE LIGHT FOR THE EMOTIONAL COMFORT OF NEWBORN BABIES". Thesis, KTH, Ljusdesign, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-297961.

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This is a project-based thesis focusing on the investigation of topics related to human newborns and the factors found in their surrounding environment that need to be assessed so as to provide them with a feeling comfort. The objective is to boost their emotional development by the means of light in a close relation to sound so as to provide them with a type of intelligence allowing them to normally interact within a society during their adult life, reassuring social equality and eliminating potential social exclusion due to unexpected behaviours. After researching topics to have a better understanding of the newborn baby and its enclosing environment, a luminaire design solution -functioning with a reactive scheme performed with integrated sound sensors- provided further results to the main topic investigation. The conceptual scheme for the product development was inspired by the connection between the newborn and their life-giver, closely linked to the cross-modality of sensory development before and after birth. Additional results were obtained with light measurement assessments and a parent survey targeting both the intended light quality subjective evaluations and the marketing strength of the designed product. This survey was used -along with other means- as a design evaluation tool at the final stage of the design process. Potential further improvements as well as considerations for a distinct spatial application are discussed in the final part of the thesis. The sustainability aspect covered within this degree project is closely linked to good physical and mental health aspects, clean energy use and efficiency achieved by the integration of input sound sensors and controls, and conscious production and consumption by the proposal of low global footprint materials for the luminaire design. In the conclusions, an overall summary of the thesis outcomes is presented and further research is proposed regarding both the main topic investigation as well as a greater user category that can be related to the light metric assessments that were carried out for this research.

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Spencer, Katherine G. "Development and validation of the Comfort and Conformity of Gender Expression Scale (CAGES)". Diss., Columbia, Mo. : University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10355/4826.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Missouri-Columbia, 2007.
The entire dissertation/thesis text is included in the research.pdf file; the official abstract appears in the short.pdf file (which also appears in the research.pdf); a non-technical general description, or public abstract, appears in the public.pdf file. Title from title screen of research.pdf file (viewed on February 29, 2008) Vita. Includes bibliographical references.

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McCollum, Deanne Gay. "Child Welfare Social Workers' Knowledge and Comfort Level in Working with Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning Foster Youth". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd/373.

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The purpose of this study was to examine child welfare social workers’ attitudes, awareness, and understanding of the needs of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Questioning (LGBTQ) youth while in out-of-home placement. This study used quantitative data collection methods of social workers in three Southern California counties regarding these issues, and 27 such workers participated. It was found that only half of the child welfare social workers had received training on issues involving LGBTQ foster youth, but that the majority of those workers who received training were interested in learning more about the topic. It was also found that many workers had family, fiends, or colleagues who belonged to the LGBTQ community, and that this personal connection reduced the endorsement of heterocentristic views. Political orientation was also influential with liberal social workers being less inclined to endorse the idea that the world’s inhabitants should be heterosexual. The results found that many social workers either had none or were not aware of the presence of any LGBTQ foster youth on their caseloads. This was explained with a combination of the worker not enquiring or feeling that it was not appropriate to do so. Of those who indicated that they were aware of such youth, all stated that the youth shared their identities after being asked about it or after some time had passed in working with them. Also, those who acknowledged the presence of LGBTQ youth were more cognizant of identity development issues of LGBTQ youth, were more liberal politically, and had friends in the LGBTQ community. The limitations, recommendations for social work practice, policy, and suggested further research is also discussed.

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De, Abreu Negreiros Bianca. "Building design and environmental performance : thermal comfort through thermal mass and natural ventilation in social housing in Northeast Brazil". Thesis, University of Manchester, 2018. https://www.research.manchester.ac.uk/portal/en/theses/building-design-and-environmental-performance-thermal-comfort-through-thermal-mass-and-natural-ventilation-in-social-housing-in-northeast-brazil(71a83bde-8a7c-43d1-a181-2bb340dcb639).html.

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Environmental consciousness leads the construction industry to greater concerns about local adaptation, less waste of resources and energy efficiency In Brazil, earth construction is a feasible approach to house building in many locations and can play a useful part in resolving the housing problems faced by that country, being already a popular approach to providing affordable housing for low income groups within the population, particularly in the Northeast Region of the country, although usually not built correctly. Although used since the colonial period, from 1500, knowledge around earth systems is not formally embedded within the Brazilian building standards and this is unhelpful in terms of promoting quality of performance of buildings thus constructed. For example, appropriate use of high thermal mass in conjunction with natural ventilation, which is frequently used in Brazil due to energy costs, can significantly influence the thermal comfort within residences, but appropriate guidance is lacking. This research considers the combined effects of earth construction and natural ventilation upon thermal comfort within social housing in Northeast Brazil. The main thesis hypothesis is that the use of thermal mass provided by earth construction combined with natural ventilation results in acceptable levels of thermal performance with respect to thermal comfort in both hot and humid and hot and dry climates. The aim is to evaluate the thermal performance of high thermal mass dwellings using adobe system combined with natural ventilation in the bioclimatic zones of Brazil's Northeast Region. The method explores thermal performance simulation using Design Builder, a graphical interface for Energy Plus program. The assessment uses parametric analysis and the adaptive thermal comfort index from de Dear and Brager (1998). The results suggest that earth construction provides a high number of comfort hours in all bioclimatic zones in Northeast Brazil and ventilation use enhances the comfort sensation.

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Miceli, Christopher James. "'Look for the helpers': The impact of gender incongruence on transgender individuals' comfort asking for police help". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/103876.

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Research has established a link between LGBTQ+ identity and high victimization rates. However, transgender experiences specifically are not well understood because they are often subsumed under the monolithic label of LGBTQ+ experiences, despite the specific risks associated with non-normative gender identities. It has also been established that the police function is grounded in the maintenance of the dominant social order. Given that LGBTQ+ individuals, and transgender individuals in particular, are disruptive of the social order, many of their interactions with police have been negative. In this study, I examine how varying degrees of "visible" gender nonconformity affect a transgender individual's comfort level with asking for police help. I hypothesize that transgender people who visibly transgress gender norms by physically presenting as a gender that does not match their government-issued identification will be less comfortable asking the police for help than transgender individuals who do not have such incongruence. Through a logistic regression analysis of the 2015 United States Transgender Survey, I find that those groups who visibly transgress gender norms have a higher likelihood of experiencing discomfort with asking for police help. These findings have important implications for our understanding of transgender victimization by elucidating the barriers to police officers' ability to prevent or lessen the effects of victimization within the transgender community.
Master of Science
Research has established a link between LGBTQ+ identity and high victimization rates. However, transgender experiences specifically are not well understood because they are often grouped in under the monolithic label of LGBTQ+ experiences, despite the specific risks associated with non-normative gender identities. It has also been established that the police function is grounded in the maintenance of the status quo. Given that LGBTQ+ individuals, and transgender individuals in particular, disrupt the status quo, many of their interactions with police have been negative. In this study, I examine how varying degrees of "visible" gender nonconformity affect a transgender individual's comfort level with asking for police help. I hypothesize that transgender people who visibly transgress gender norms by physically presenting as a gender that does not match their driver's license or state identification card will be less comfortable asking the police for help than transgender individuals who do not have such incongruence. Through a logistic regression analysis of the 2015 United States Transgender Survey, I find that those groups who visibly transgress gender norms have a higher likelihood of experiencing discomfort with asking for police help. These findings have important implications for our understanding of transgender victimization by elucidating the barriers to police officers' ability to prevent or lessen the effects of victimization within the transgender community.

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Freitas, Noélle de Oliveira. "Adaptação cultural e validação do Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ) e do Social Comfort Questionnaire (SCQ) para brasileiros que sofreram queimaduras". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/83/83131/tde-30012017-093634/.

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Este estudo metodológico teve como objetivos adaptar o Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ) e o Social Comfort Questionnaire (SCQ) e avaliar a validade e a confiabilidade, em uma amostra de brasileiros que sofreram queimaduras. O PSQ e o SCQ, avaliam, respectivamente, a percepção de estigmatização e o conforto social entre vítimas de queimaduras. O estudo foi aprovado pelos Comitês de Éticas das instituições envolvidas. Foram incluídos pacientes acima de 18 anos em fase de reabilitação, com ou sem necessidade de hospitalização, em duas Unidades de Queimados no Brasil. O processo de adaptação dos instrumentos foi realizado de acordo com as diretrizes internacionais. A validade de constructo relacionada à dimensionalidade dos instrumentos foi avaliada por meio das análises fatoriais exploratória (AFE) e confirmatória (AFC). A análise da confiabilidade foi realizada por meio do coeficiente alfa de Cronbach. A reprodutibilidade dos instrumentos foi avaliada por meio do coeficiente de correlação intraclasse (ICC). A validade de constructo foi avaliada pela análise multitraço-multimétodo (MTMM) com constructos correlatos: autoestima (Escala de Auto-Estima de Rosenberg), depressão (Inventário de Depressão de Beck); e afeto/imagem corporal e relações interpessoais (Burn Specific Health Scale-Revised). A análise de grupos conhecidos foi testada comparando-se os escores dos instrumentos, de acordo com a percepção do sujeito de visibilidade da queimadura, superfície corporal queimada e sexo. O nível de significância adotado foi 0,05. Participaram do estudo 240 pacientes queimados. Os índices de ajuste ao modelo foram satisfatórios para o escore total do PSQ, porém não para a subescala comportamento hostil. Essa subescala foi modificada, eliminando-se três itens e obtendo-se um melhor ajuste: a versão refinada do PSQ (BR-PSQ-R) (?2=229,53; g.l.=132, p<0,001; RMSEA=0,06; CFI=0,94; TLI=0,94). O alfa de Cronbach variou de 0,65 a 0,88. O valor do ICC foi de 0,87 para escore total do BR-PSQ-R. O BR-PSQ-R apresentou forte e positiva correlação com depressão (0,63; p<0,001) e forte e negativa correlação com autoestima (-0,57; p<0,001), afeto/imagem corporal (-0,63; p<0,001) e relações interpessoais (-0,55; p<0,001). O escore total do BR-PSQ-R foi significante e maior nos pacientes com cicatrizes visíveis (tamanho do efeito=0,51; p=0,029). Na AFC do SCQ, foram identificados índices de ajuste ao modelo insatisfatório para o modelo original unidimensional com oito itens, assim o modelo foi reduzido para seis itens (BR-SCQ-R), sendo identificado melhor ajuste ao modelo (?2=458,7; g.l.=7; p<0,001; RMSEA=0,05; CFI=0,99; TLI=0,99). O alfa de Cronbach foi de 0,80, e o ICC no teste-reteste foi de 0,86 para o escore total do SCQ. A versão final mostrou forte e negativa correlação com depressão (-0,56; p<0,001); forte e positiva correlação com afeto/imagem corporal (0,60; p<0,001), relações interpessoais (0,57; p<0,001) e autoestima (0,52; p<0,001). Na análise de grupos conhecidos, foi identificada diferença estatisticamente significante entre os pacientes que consideraram suas cicatrizes visíveis (tamanho do efeito=-0,49; p=0,012). Os resultados mostraram que as versões refinadas do PSQ e do SCQ apresentam confiabilidade e validade comparável à versão original. Entretanto, a estrutura em relação à subescala comportamento hostil do BR-PSQ-R e a sensibilidade de ambos os instrumentos devem ser revisadas em estudos futuros.
This methodological study had the following objectives: to adapt the Perceived Stigmatization Questionnaire (PSQ) and the Social Comfort Questionnaire (SCQ); and to assess the validity and reliability in a sample of Brazilians who suffered burns. The PSQ and the SCQ assesses respectively, the perception of stigmatization and the social comfort among burn victims. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committees of the institutions studied. We included patients over 18 years old undergoing rehabilitation process of burn, with or without hospitalization in two Burn Units in Brazil. The cross-cultural adaptation process of the instruments was performed according to international guidelines. The construct validity related to the dimensionality of the instruments was evaluated by the exploratory factor analysis (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA). The reliability analysis was performed using the Cronbach\'s alpha. The reproducibility of the instruments was assessed by the intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC). The construct validity was assessed by the multitrait-multimethod matrix (MTMM) through the constructs: self-esteem (Rosenberg Self Esteem Scale), depression (Beck Depression Inventory) and affection/body image and interpersonal relationships (Burn Specific Health Scale-Revised). The analysis of known-groups was tested by comparing the scores of the instruments according to the burn visibility, body surface in the area burned and gender. The significance level was 0.05. A total of 240 burn patients participated in the study. The goodness-of-fit indices were satisfactory for the total score of the PSQ, however, not for the subscale hostile behavior. This subscale was modified by removing 3 items to obtain a better adjust: the PSQ refined version (BR-PSQ-R) (?2=229.53; d.f.=132; p<0.001; RMSEA=0.06; CFI=0.94; TLI=0.94). Cronbach\'s alpha ranged from 0.65 to 0.88. The ICC value was 0.87 for the total score. The BR-PSQ-R showed strong and positive correlation with depression (0.63; p < 0.001), and strong and negative correlation with self-esteem (-0.57; p<0.001), and affection/body image (-0.63; p<0.001), and interpersonal relationships (-0.55; p<0.001). The total score of the BR-PSQ-R was significant and higher for patients with visible scars (effect size=0.51; p=0.029). In the CFA of the SCQ was identified unsatisfactory goodness-of-fit for the original model with one-factor structure with 8 items, thus, the model was reduced to 6 items (BR-SCQ-R) and better goodness-of-fit indices were identified (?2=458.7; d.f.=7; p<0.001; RMSEA=0.05; CFI=0.99; TLI=0.99). Cronbach\'s alpha was 0.80 and the ICC value in the test-retest was 0.86 for the BR-PSQ-R. The final version showed strong and negative correlation with depression (-0.56; p<0.001); and strong and positive correlations with affection/body image (0.60; p<0.001), interpersonal relationships (0.57; p<0.001) and self-esteem (0.52; p<0.001). In the analysis of known- groups we identified statistically significant difference between patients who considered their scars visible (effect size=-0.49; p=0.012). The results showed that the refined versions of the PSQ and SCQ showed reliability and validity comparable to the original versions. On the other hand, the structure related to the hostile behavior subscale of the BR-PSQ-R and the sensitivity of both instruments must be evaluated in future studies.

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Silva, Nayane Laurentino da. "Análise dos parâmetros de conforto térmico em habitações populares de um conjunto em João Pessoa/ PB". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2015. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/8133.

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The search for mild conditions for users of buildings not air-conditioned, especially residential is of paramount importance in hot and humid regions. Climatic factors represent major influence on environmental projects built for getting the comfort of its occupants and efficiency in energy consumption. The research is meant to examine the parameters of thermal comfort in affordable housing a set in Singapore and the relationship of each of the comfort indices PMV and PPD, this because the thermal conditions under which the inhabitants are subjected may exercise great influence on their behavior, reactions and health. The research is descriptive, with a quantitative and qualitative approach, using data collected inside the residence, based on the ISO 7730/2005, to analyze the environment by means of statistical techniques and computational resources. The housing Anayde Beiriz, chosen for study, is situated in the neighborhood of Industries in the city of João Pessoa / Paraíba. The assessed apartments have different orientations according to their location on the ground; addition to situate on the last floor and the ends of each block. The sample consisted of 19 apartments of which data were collected from 8h to 17h in the days selected using the equipment called, Heat Stress Meter (TGD 300). With the data a statistical analysis was performed to identify which parameters have most influence on thermal comfort those affordable housing. The results showed the thermal behavior within the evaluated units that resulted in high temperatures analyzed in the winter and summer periods. It was concluded that the personal and climatic variables, involving the parameters of thermal comfort, have correlation with the wind chill into the housing having high correlation to air temperature and low correlation thermal resistance of clothing. All units showed thermal discomfort with the PMV values above 0.5, ranking environments as slightly warm or hot in most of the evaluated times, with the PPD index greater than 10% in both periods studied. - Winter and Summer Yet in the winter for a few hours of the morning period showed sensation of thermal comfort, with the lowest PPD index or equal to 10%, with a tendency that feeling also occur at night.
A busca de condições amenas para os usuários de edifícios não climatizados, sobretudo os residenciais é de suma importância em regiões de clima quente e úmido. Os fatores climáticos representam grande influência nos projetos do ambiente construído para a obtenção do conforto dos seus ocupantes e eficiência no consumo de energia. A pesquisa tem como objetivo principal analisar os parâmetros de conforto térmico em habitações populares de um conjunto em João Pessoa e a relação de cada um nos índices de conforto PMV e PPD, isto porque, as condições térmicas sob as quais os moradores são submetidos podem exercer grande influência sobre seu comportamento, reações e saúde. A pesquisa é de natureza descritiva, com uma abordagem quanti-qualitativa, ao utilizar dados coletados no interior da residência, baseados a Norma ISO 7730/2005, para analisar o ambiente por meio de técnicas estatísticas e recursos computacionais. O conjunto habitacional Anayde Beiriz, escolhido para estudo, está situado no bairro das Industrias na cidade de João Pessoa/Paraíba. Os apartamentos avaliados apresentam diferentes orientações conforme sua locação no terreno; além de situarem-se no ultimo pavimento e nas extremidades de cada bloco. A amostra foi composta por 19 apartamentos dos quais foram coletados dados das 8h ás 17h nos dias escolhidos, utilizando o equipamento denominado, Medidor de Estresse Térmico (TGD 300). Com os dados foi realizada uma análise estatística para identificar quais parâmetros possuem maior influência no conforto térmico naquelas habitações populares. Os resultados apresentaram o comportamento térmico dentro das habitações avaliadas que resultaram em temperaturas elevadas nos períodos analisados do Inverno e Verão. Concluiu-se que as variáveis pessoais e climáticas, que envolvem os parâmetros de conforto térmico, possuem correlação com a sensação térmica dentro das habitações, tendo alta correlação a temperatura do ar e baixa correlação a resistência térmica da vestimenta. Todas as habitações apresentaram desconforto térmico, com os valores do PMV acima de 0,5, classificando os ambientes como levemente quente ou quente na maioria dos horários avaliados, com o índice PPD superior a 10% nos dois períodos estudados - Inverno e Verão. Todavia, no inverno durante algumas horas do período matutino revelaram sensação de conforto térmico, apresentando o índice PPD menor ou igual a 10%, com tendência dessa sensação ocorrer também à noite.

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Bonnin, Marguerite. "Habitable et confortable : modèles culturels, pratiques de l’habitat et pratiques de consommation d’énergie en logement social et copropriétés". Thesis, Paris 10, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016PA100003/document.

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Ce travail de thèse en architecture se veut être une réponse à l’impasse conceptuelle dans laquelle se trouvent la plupart des recherches centrées sur les comportements de consommation d’énergie au logement, étudiés soit sous l’angle technique soit sous l’angle culturel, sans réussir à dresser une image complète des pratiques de consommation d’énergie. Elle repose sur une démarche de recherche inductive menée à partir de deux enquêtes de terrain, l’une auprès de vingt ménages habitant le parc social et l’autre chez six ménages du parc privé, qui ont conduit à une description ethnographique fine des pratiques domestiques. Celle-ci repose principalement sur la mise en place d’une méthodologie originale permettant de rendre lisibles les usages réels de l’énergie en fonction des activités qui ont lieu au domicile, en leur rendant leur contexte et leur dimension spatiale. Les résultats permettent de révéler un lien fort entre le rapport au logement qu’entretiennent les habitants (grâce à l’occupation des différents espaces et des ambiances mises en place, de la mise en scène du logement), et leur rapport à l’énergie (au travers de l’usage des différents appareils utilisant de l’énergie, du chauffage ou de l’aération), qui ne relève de facteurs financiers que dans des cas extrêmes. Les comportements de consommation alors observés prennent place dans le contexte de la construction d’un environnement rendu habitable et confortable par ses habitants, et donc dans une dimension très subjective du « bien habiter » et du « bien consommer »
This architectural thesis is the reaction to the conceptual impasse found within most of the researches centred around behavioural patterns concerning energy consumption within housing, which is examined from either a technical or a cultural angle while failing to represent an overall view of energy consumption practices. The thesis is based on an inductive research approach following two surveys: with twenty households from the social housing sector and with six from the private housing sector, which generate a comprehensive ethnographic definition of domestic practices. This definition is predominantly based on a newly formulated methodology which provides insight into the real uses of energy with regards to domestic activities by applying a spacial quality to the context and dimension of such behaviours. The results reveals a strong link between the connection that the inhabitants have with their dwellings (resulting from their use of various spaces and their creation of particular environments, the staging of the home) and their relationship with energy (via the use of energy-based appliances, of heating and ventilation), rather than economic factors which are only relevent in extreme cases. Behaviours concerning consumption therefore take place within the context of a created environment made liveable and comfortable by its occupants and therefore a very subjective context with regards to «living well» and «consuming well»

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Tate, Amy. "An Exploratory Study of Social Work Students: Predictors for Perceived Knowledge and Perceived Comfort Level with the use of Interpreters in Therapeutic Sessions". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1554222369581906.

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Strengers, Yolande Amy-Adeline, i Yolande strengers@rmit edu au. "Bridging the divide between resource management and everyday life: smart metering, comfort and cleanliness". RMIT University. Global Studies, Social Science and Planning, 2010. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20100329.165839.

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Smart metering residential demand management programs, such as consumption feedback, variable pricing regimes and the remote control of appliances, are being used to respond to the resource management problems of peak electricity demand, climate change and water shortages. Like other demand management programs, these strategies fail to account for (and respond to) the reasons why people consume resources in their homes, namely to carry out everyday practices such as bathing, laundering, heating and cooling. In particular, comfort and cleanliness practices together constitute most of Australia's potable water consumption in urban centres, and represent most of household energy consumption. In addition, new household cooling practices involving air-conditioning appliances are the major contributor to the nation's rising peak electricity demand, which overloads the electricity system on hot days, costing consumers millions of dollars each year. The oversight of comf ort and cleanliness practices in smart metering demand management programs is concerning because these practices are continuing to shift and change, often in more resource-consuming directions, potentially negating the resource savings achieved through demand management programs. This thesis aims to bridge the problematic divide between the policies and strategies of demand managers, and the day-to-day practices which constitute everyday life. Using the empirical 'hook' of smart metering demand management programs and the everyday practices of comfort and cleanliness, this thesis develops a practice-based conceptual framework to study, understand and analyse these practices and the ways in which smart metering demand management programs reconfigure or further entrench them. A series of qualitative methods were employed in studying 65 households across four research groups, focusing specifically on the household practices of heating, cooling, bathing, laundering, toilet flushing and house cleaning. In addition, 27 interviews were conducted with smart metering industry stakeholders involved or implicated in delivering demand management strategies. Together, these lines of inquiry are used to analyse householders' existing and changing comfort and cleanliness practices, the role of several smart metering demand management strategies in reconfiguring these practices, and potential avenues and opportunities for further practice change in less resource-intensive directions. In particular, this thesis highlights the inherent contradictions and problems in accounting for everyday practices within the dominant demand management paradigm, and offers an alternative paradigm termed the co-management of everyday practices. The thesis concludes by briefly identifying the ways in which smart metering could potentially constrain or catalyse a transition towards this new paradigm.

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Limoges, Ronald E. "'A new tempered spirit to comfort the twenty-first century' : individual choices, public policies, and the philanthropic experience in Western Europe /". Diss., This resource online, 1994. http://scholar.lib.vt.edu/theses/available/etd-10022007-144846/.

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Chambaudy, Caroline, i Yuxu Jing. "The Redesign of Public Space in Rosengård: An Assessment of Bennets Bazaar, Örtagardstorget and Rosens Röda Matta". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2014. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-23712.

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After having built many housing units and even district to fulfil the requirement on the millionhomes program to meet the need for housing, the city of Malmö is now working on improvingthe quality of its living environment. This program was a part of a further reaching projectaiming at solving the problem of access to housing and improving the quality of the builtenvironment. The million homes program, which lasted for around a decade in the 1960’s and1970’s, was part of a bigger scale urban development project aiming at providing housing topeople moving from villages to cities.The challenge faced by the city of Malmö today is not only to build enough to meet the demand,but also to make public space welcoming and attractive and to improve the environment createdby the million homes program. This is a part of the new urban development project for the city ofMalmö.This thesis is an assessment of the redesign of public spaces through the example of redesignprojects which took place in Malmö, more specifically, in three areas in Rosengård: BennetsBazaar, Örtagårdstorget and Rosens röda matta. Our research is mainly based on JanGehl(2006)’s theory, but we also used works from authors from other related fields such asKärrholm (regarding territoriality), Shabout (regarding public space in Iraq) and Sawalha(regarding the use of space by women in Middle Eastern countries). The research for this thesiswas carried out through theoretical research, interviews and observations.The results of observations and interviews show that in daily life Bennets Bazaar is the most usedpublic spaces among the three. Nevertheless, it fails to attract people from the rest part of the cityas expected. As for Örtagardstorget, people seldom spend time there. It seems to be a passingarea between the parking zone behind it and Bennets Bazaar. Rosen Röda Matta achieved theaim of serving as a stage but is hardly ever used in normal days. The four factors, which arecomfort, identity, culture and accessibility, are concluded to be the key elements that influencethe current outcomes of the three target areas.This thesis also shows the limits of Gehl’s theories when applied to a multicultural environmentlike that found in the studied places in Rosengård. It highlights also the important role ofconcepts such as those of the culture, identity of a place and perception of public space.

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Roote, Christonie St Martin. "Comfort factors, moral fantasy and social criticism in formulaic fiction : a study of literary formulas with particular reference to the 'hard-boiled' detective story". Master's thesis, University of Cape Town, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/17941.

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Includes bibliographical references.
The so-called 'hard-boiled' detective story is probably one of the most successful formulaic fictive patterns to be developed this century; and has been translated very effectively into popular film and television drama. Its founding fathers are normally deemed to be Dashiell Hammett, Raymond Chandler and Ross Macdonald. A study of their works should provide a valuable insight into the structure of their patterns and how they are made to work to the public's satisfaction. After all, the one indisputable and verifiable matter in the whole business is that these sort of texts appeal to great numbers of people who read them because they enjoy reading them. Some of the interesting questions thus revolve around the issue of why these fictions are so well liked. However, a study of literary formulas assumes the necessity of demonstrating what those particular formulas are. There are three predominating structures which, to my mind, build this kind of fiction into its finished shape. Firstly, there are the comfort factors which offer the reader a sense of security. Secondly, there is their sense of moral fantasy which allows the reader to escape from the confines of their everyday lives. And thirdly, in the best of these works, there is some element of the new and/or the unconventional, often in the form of social and political criticism encapsulated within the safe formulas of the text. This adds the necessary spice to the life of the construct.

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Oliveira, Andréia Cardoso de. "A influência das recomendações do zoneamento bioclimático brasileiro no desempenho térmico da envoltória de edificações de interesse social nos municípios da Paraíba". Universidade Federal da Paraíba, 2013. http://tede.biblioteca.ufpb.br:8080/handle/tede/309.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior - CAPES
In Brazil, the technical standards for thermal performance of buildings [NBR 15.220:3 (ABNT, 2005)], acts as a guideline for design in architecture in order to reduce energy consumption and allow better building efficiency providing appropriate criteria for each climate zone. This research aims to evaluate, according to the parameters suggested by the standards, the thermal performance of building envelope of social housing in cities within different climate zones, in the state of Paraíba. This research follows four steps: 1) description of the climate in the cities of João Pessoa, Campina Grande and Patos based on climatic data schedules from typical reference years for each city; 2) definition of the base case and reference models, considering a single-family building, following the standards suggested recommendations for opaque and transparent surfaces; 3) configuration of the numerical model to simulate the studied parameters, and finally, 4) evaluation method for thermal performance, using the working temperature as an index of comfort, according to the adaptive model for naturally ventilated buildings. It was perceived that the recommendations for thermal transmittance suggested by the standard are not suitable for social housing buildings in João Pessoa and Patos, whereas resulting appropriate for the climate conditions of Campina Grande. It was also noted that increased opening areas do not ensure better performances, resulting in some cases in increased heat gains, therefore increasing internal temperature. To sum up, the three cities showed diverse results, under climatic conditions that require more consistent criteria, thus confirming the need to update the recommendations and constructive guidelines of this technical standard.
No Brasil, a norma de Desempenho térmico de edificações - NBR 15.220:3 (ABNT, 2005), objetiva reduzir o consumo de energia e permitir uma melhor eficiência do edifício, com critérios diferenciados para o clima de cada região. A partir dos parâmetros sugeridos pela referida norma, esta pesquisa tem como objetivo avaliar o desempenho térmico da envoltória de uma edificação de interesse social em cidades de climas distintos no estado da Paraíba. Foram definidas quatro etapas para desenvolvimento desta pesquisa: 1) caracterização do clima de João Pessoa, Campina Grande e Patos, a partir dos dados climáticos horários do ano típico de referência de cada cidade; 2) definição do caso base e dos modelos de referência, considerando uma edificação unifamiliar e a partir das recomendações sugeridas pela norma para fechamentos opacos e transparentes; 3) configuração do modelo numérico (computacional) para simulação dos parâmetros estudados, e, por último, 4) definição do método de avaliação de desempenho térmico, utilizando a temperatura operativa como índice de conforto, de acordo com o modelo adaptativo para edificações ventiladas naturalmente. Foi observado que as recomendações sugeridas pela norma em relação ao valor de transmitância térmica não são adequadas para edificações de interesse social em João Pessoa e Patos, mas resultaram em condições favoráveis para o clima de Campina Grande. Conclui-se que as três cidades demonstraram resultados distintos, com condições climáticas que exigem critérios mais coerentes, confirmando a necessidade de atualização das recomendações e diretrizes construtivas desta norma.

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Valadares, Victor Mourthé. "Entre o afeto e o artefato: o conforto em questão". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/47/47134/tde-19072018-121711/.

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O conforto humano foi aqui abordado numa perspectiva compreensiva e qualitativa. A partir da constatacao da disseminacao do conforto na vida da sociedade brasileira contemporanea, foi feita um estudo bibliometrico da aderencia ao tema pelas areas do conhecimento na base Scopus. Em seguida uma aproximacao semantica atraves da lingua portuguesa foi elaborada, em termos de morfologia, etimologia, acepcoes, sinonimia e relacoes de grupos analogicos. Foram identificados trinta e sete variacoes do vocabulo confortar distribuidas por varias classes de palavra o que evidencia a riqueza da sua cognacao. Tres nucleos acepcionais foram propostos relativos a nocao do conforto: o autoctone, o medieval e o moderno. A enfase no terceiro nucleo na atualidade tem conduzido a uma abordagem reducionista do sentido pleno do conforto e observamos como e feito uso dele no senso comum e por diversas disciplinas. Foi possivel observar a fragmentacao do conforto inter e intra disciplinar, sendo que na enfermagem se encontra uma reflexao mais consistente sobre o tema. Na falta de uma reflexao seminal sobre o conforto, anterior a sua disciplinarizacao, a pesquisa rumou por um entendimento compreensivo desse fenomeno e sua relacao com o desenvolvimento humano ao lidar com suas multiplas nocoes, seus aspectos semanticos e perscrutando-o mediante uma abordagem hibrida com enfase fenomenologica. O trabalho intentou em contribuir para que o conforto venha a se constituir numa categoria do pensamento humano. Ao ser colocado em questao, tambem foi justificado porque o situamos entre o afeto e o artefato e suas implicacoes gerais em relacao ao ser humano engajado no mundo
Human comfort has been approached here in a comprehensive and qualitative perspective. Based on the finding of the dissemination of comfort in the life of contemporary Brazilian society, a bibliometric analysis of the adherence to the theme by the areas of knowledge in the Scopus database was made. Then a semantic approximation through the Portuguese language was elaborated, in terms of morphology, etymology, meanings, synonymy and relations of analogical groups. Thirty-seven variations of the word comfort were identified, distributed across several classes of words, which evidences the richness of their cognition. Three accepted cores were proposed concerning the notion of comfort: autochthonous, medieval and modern. The emphasis on the third core nowadays has led to a reductionist approach to the full sense of comfort and we see how it is made use of it in common sense and across disciplines. It was possible to observe the fragmentation of comfort, inter and intra-disciplinary, and in nursing there is a more consistent reflection on the subject. In the absence of a seminal reflection of comfort, prior to its disciplinarization, the research focused on a comprehensive understanding of this phenomenon and its relation to human development in dealing with its multiple notions, its semantic aspects and peering through hybrid approach with phenomenological emphasis. The work has attempted to contribute to the comfort of being a category of human thought. When put in question, it was also justified because we place it between affection and artifact and its general implications in relation to the human being engaged in the world

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Braga, Marta NÃlia Alves. "AnÃlise do conforto tÃrmico em habitaÃÃes de interesse social no Bairro SumarÃ, MunicÃpio de Sobral, CearÃ". Universidade Federal do CearÃ, 2013. http://www.teses.ufc.br/tde_busca/arquivo.php?codArquivo=12353.

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CoordenaÃÃo de AperfeÃoamento de Pessoal de NÃvel Superior
One of the roles of housing is to protect individuals from the weather to which they are subject, saving inside a protection against the severities of the climate. When the house does n ot respect this principle of comfort, individuals are subject to the emergence of physical or psychosocial disorders. Studies show that thermal comfort directly influences productivity at work (Oliveira et al, 2010.), Yield of studies (Batiz; GOEDERT; MORS CH; Kasmirski - Jr; Venske, 2009) and especially in population health (Araujo, 2012). In this context, the main residents are affected as to mitigate the discomfort in their homes, they need to use artificial means of cooling, almost always, inconsistent wit h its income group. The proposed study aims to evaluate the thermal performance of single - storey and single - family dwellings built and in use SumarÃ neighborhood in the city of Sobral / CearÃ, and the thermal comfort of its users. To this end, we preserve housing characteristics of the original design were chosen. Selected dwellings are part of a city program to build housing in order to meet the population living in risk areas prone to flooding. The method used for performance evaluation based on requireme nts and criteria proposed by the NBR 15220 (ABNT, 2005), which are obtained from the mathematical calculation of thermal parameters that consider the performance of the building components. It was also evaluated the perceptions of users through questionnai res that were applied in July and August 2013 The degree of satisfaction was checked according to the Estimated Mean Vote (PMV - Predicted Mean Vote) suggested by Fanger and regulated by the International 7730 Organization for Standardization (ISO, 2005) a nd American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air - Conditioning Engi neers (ASHRAE, 2004). In parallel, measurements were made of the internal and external temperatures using thermo - hygrometer to compare with the opinion of the respondents. The results show that the tested housing have poor thermal performance. Regarding the results of the interviews, it can be noticed that the calculated thermal performance reflects the opinion of respondents who consider their thermally uncomfortable dwellings.
Um dos papÃis da moradia Ã resguardar os indivÃduos das intempÃries a que estÃo sujeitos, conservando em seu interior uma proteÃÃo contra as severidades do clima. Quando a moradia nÃo respeita esse princÃpio de conforto, os indivÃduos ficam sujeitos ao surgimento de patologias fÃsicas ou psicossociais. Estudos mostram que o conforto tÃrmico influencia diretamente na produtividade no trabalho (OLIVEIRA et al., 2010), no rendimento dos estudos (BATIZ; GOEDERT; MORSCH; KASMIRSKI-Jr; VENSKE, 2009) e, principalmente na saÃde da populaÃÃo (ARAUJO, 2012). Nesse contexto, os moradores sÃo os principais afetados, pois, para mitigar a sensaÃÃo de desconforto em suas habitaÃÃes, necessitam utilizar meios para climatizaÃÃo artificial, quase sempre, incompatÃvel com a sua faixa de renda. O trabalho proposto tem como objetivo, avaliar o desempenho tÃrmico de habitaÃÃes tÃrreas e unifamiliares construÃdas e em uso no bairro SumarÃ, no municÃpio de Sobral/CearÃ, e o conforto tÃrmico de seus usuÃrios. Para tanto, foram escolhidas habitaÃÃes que preservassem caracterÃsticas do projeto original. As habitaÃÃes selecionadas fazem parte de um programa municipal para construÃÃo de moradias, a fim de atender a populaÃÃo que vive em Ãrea de risco sujeitas a inundaÃÃes. O mÃtodo utilizado para a avaliaÃÃo de desempenho baseia-se em requisitos e critÃrios propostos pela NBR 15220 (ABNT, 2005), que sÃo obtidos a partir do cÃlculo matemÃtico de parÃmetros tÃrmicos que consideram o desempenho de componentes da edificaÃÃo. Avaliou-se, tambÃm, a percepÃÃo dos usuÃrios atravÃs de questionÃrios que foram aplicados nos meses de julho e agosto de 2013. O grau de satisfaÃÃo foi verificado segundo o Voto MÃdio Estimado (PMV â Predicted Mean Vote) sugerido por Fanger e normatizado pela International Organization for Standardization 7730 (ISO, 2005) e American Society of Heating, Refrigerating and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE, 2004). Em paralelo, fizeram-se aferiÃÃes das temperaturas internas e externas usando termo-higrÃmetro para comparar com a opiniÃo dos entrevistados. Os resultados mostram que as habitaÃÃes avaliadas possuem desempenho tÃrmico insatisfatÃrio. Quanto aos resultados das entrevistas, pode-se perceber que o desempenho tÃrmico calculado reflete a opiniÃo dos entrevistados que consideram suas habitaÃÃes termicamente desconfortÃveis.

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Gil, María del Pilar Casatejada. "Simplificações na modelagem de habitações de interesse social no programa de simulação de desempenho térmico EnergyPlus". Universidade de São Paulo, 2017. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/102/102131/tde-12012018-103257/.

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Os programas computacionais de simulação do desempenho termoenergético de edificações têm adquirindo cada vez mais importância devido às possibilidades que apresentam para a avaliação dos projetos. No entanto, há dificuldades para o seu uso nas fases iniciais de projeto, por demandarem tempo, técnicos especializados, orçamentos elevados e um projeto detalhado. Atualmente, existem ferramentas computacionais simplificadas, mas que apresentam limitações quanto às possibilidades de uso, não oferecendo resultados precisos como os dos métodos mais complexos. Portanto, este trabalho propõe avaliar as possibilidades de simplificação das zonas térmicas no programa de simulação EnergyPlus, sem comprometer os resultados das simulações. Esta simplificação auxiliaria o uso dessas ferramentas computacionais nas fases iniciais do projeto. O edifício estudado é uma habitação de interesse social (HIS) naturalmente ventilada, térrea e isolada, simulada para três cidades do Brasil (Curitiba, Manaus e São Paulo). Esta HIS é modelada no EnergyPlus de duas formas: como um modelo multizona (MuZ) e como um modelo monozona (MoZ), em que toda a habitação é considerada apenas como uma única zona térmica. O impacto da simplificação das zonas térmicas é avaliado em dois estudos que consideram: 1) vários horários para abertura e fechamento de portas internas, e 2) diferentes geometrias e distribuições internas para os ambientes. Em ambos os estudos, os resultados mostram que a diferença absoluta horária da temperatura entre os modelos MoZs e MuZs é significativamente baixa para todos os casos considerados, estando abaixo de 0,4ºC mais de 50% do tempo. As maiores diferenças encontradas entre os MoZs e MuZs são obtidas nos modelos simulados nos climas mais frios, nos modelos nos quais as portas internas são consideradas fechadas e nos ambientes menores com uma exposição à radiação solar mais reduzida. As diferenças anuais mínimas e máximas da temperatura interna do ar entre os MoZ e MuZ são notadamente elevadas. No entanto, estes valores são observados num dia e uma hora específica, sendo a média anual significativamente baixa para todos os casos.
Building thermal and energy performance simulation programs are gaining more and more importance due to the possibilities they present for a project evaluation. However, there are difficulties for its use in the early stages of the project, because they demand time, specialized technicians, high budgets and a detailed project. Currently, there are simplified computer tools, but they present limits to the possibilities of its use, since they do not offer accurate results as more complex methods. Therefore, this work proposes to evaluate the possibilities of simplification of the thermal zones in EnergyPlus simulation program without compromising the results of the simulations. This simplification would help the computational tools use in the early design of the project. The studied building is a naturally ventilated single-story isolated social house, simulated for three cities of Brazil (Curitiba, Manaus and São Paulo). This building is modeled in two ways: as a multizone model (MuZ) and as a monozone model (MoZ), where the entire floorplan is considered as one thermal zone. The impact of the thermal zones simplification is evaluated in two studies considering: 1) several schedules for internal doors opening and closing, and 2) different building geometries and floorplans. In both studies, the results show that the absolute difference of temperature between the MoZs and MuZs models is significantly low for all of the cases, being below 0.4ºC more than 50% of the time. The maximum differences found between MoZs and MuZs are obtained in models simulated in colder climates, in models where internal doors are considered closed and in smaller rooms with reduced exposure to solar radiation. The minimum and maximum annual differences of the air temperature between the MoZ and MuZ are considerably high. However, these values are observed in a specific day and hour, with the annual average being significantly low for all cases.

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Breitenbach, Luciano Ghilardi. "Estudo e simulação de uma habitação de interesse social e sua relação com o regulamento técnico da qualidade para o nível de eficiência energética". Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, 2015. http://www.repositorio.jesuita.org.br/handle/UNISINOS/5036.

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Simulação de uma residência unifamiliar de interesse social pelos métodos prescritivo e de simulação encontrados no RTQ-R (Regulamento Técnico da Qualidade para o Nível de Eficiência Energética de Edificações Residenciais) que faz parte do selo de eficiência energética do programa Procel Edifica criado pelo Ministério de Minas e Energia em parceria com o Governo Federal. Este estudo compara e avalia os métodos utilizados para qualificar energeticamente as edificações residenciais no Brasil. Com base nos resultados obtidos nas simulações propõe possíveis meios de ampliar o conforto ambiental e reduzir o consumo energético desse tipo de edificação. A avaliação é feita em uma edificação típica e com padrões mínimos exigidos pelo programa MCMV (Minha Casa, Minha Vida), situada na cidade de Porto Alegre no estado do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil. O estudo é comparativo e adota diferentes critérios construtivos, dentre eles: a ampliação das aberturas para comparar a influência da ventilação e iluminação; alteração da absortividade externa da residência; sombreamento das aberturas que resultará em diferentes absorções de calor e a influência da orientação solar da edificação. Observou-se que, pelos critérios de avaliação encontrados no RTQ-R, para esta zona bioclimática do Brasil, há uma maior preocupação com as temperaturas quentes e, para estas, as medidas tomadas com intuito de ampliar o conforto se mostraram benéficas. A alteração da absortividade do revestimento externo da residência resultou em maior eficiência entre as demais medidas adotadas. Quando se fazem avaliações com as temperaturas frias e quentes, simultaneamente, e com o mesmo grau de importância, praticamente, temos uma compensação nos resultados, o que nos leva a entender por que o RTQ-R prioriza as temperaturas quentes. Ao serem avaliados os dois extremos de temperaturas focando o conforto ambiental, percebe-se que, pelos resultados encontrados, é mais lógico tratarmos com medidas naturais o extremo de temperaturas mais prejudicial ao conforto, para que, no outro extremo, possa ser utilizado algum sistema artificial de tratamento térmico, mas com menor impacto econômico. Um sistema de tratamento térmico poderia ser o uso do potencial geotérmico. Outro fator analisado é que o RTQ-R poderia ser mais criterioso e, também, demonstrou ser confuso. Neste trabalho propõe-se uma avaliação criteriosa em relação ao conforto ambiental para atender às necessidades dos usuários.
Simulation of a single-family residence social interest in prescriptive and simulation methods found in the RTQ-R (Quality Technical Regulation for Energy Efficiency Level Residential Buildings) part of the energy efficiency seal Procel Edifica program created by the Ministry of Mines and Energy in partnership with the Federal Government. This study compares and evaluates the methods used to qualify the energy residential buildings in Brazil. Based on the results obtained in the simulations proposes possible means of increasing the environmental comfort and reduce energy consumption of this type of building. The assessment is made in a typical building and minimum standards required by the MCMV (Minha Casa, Minha Vida), in the city of Porto Alegre in Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. The study is comparative and adopts different construction criteria, including: the expansion of openings to compare the influence of ventilation and lighting; changing the external absorptivity of residence; shading of the openings will result in different absorption of heat and the influence of solar orientation of the building. It was observed that the evaluation criteria found in the RTQ-R, for this bioclimatic zone of Brazil, there is a greater concern with the warm temperatures and, for these, the measures taken in order to enlarge the comfort proved beneficial. Changing the absorptivity the outer covering of the residence resulted in greater efficiency among the other measures adopted. When making evaluations with the cold and warm temperatures simultaneously and with the same degree of importance, practically, we have a compensation in the results, which leads us to understand why the RTQ-R gives priority to hot temperatures. When evaluated the two extremes of temperatures focusing on the environmental comfort, it is clear that the results found, it is more logical to treat natural extreme measures more harmful to the comfort temperature, so that at the other end, can be used a system artificial heat treatment but with less economic impact. A thermal treatment system could be the use of geothermal potential. Another factor considered is that RTQ-R could be more selective and also proved to be confused. In this paper we propose a careful assessment in relation to environmental comfort to meet the needs of users.

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Matos, Ana Paula de. "A doutrina católica e sua aplicação : Campanhas da Fraternidade e a questão da terra /". Franca : [s.n.], 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93252.

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Orientador: Ivan Aparecido Manoel
Banca: Nainôra Maria Barbosa de Freitas
Banca: Patrícia Carla de Melo Martins
Resumo: O presente estudo tem por objetivo destacar a presença da Doutrina Social da Igreja nas ações ditas como assistencialistas realizadas pela CNBB, através das Campanhas da Fraternidade dos anos de 1986, 2002 e 2007, que tratam, especificamente da questão da terra. Escolhemos a temática a respeito da terra, pois, observamos que a questão da propriedade privada é início e fim da Doutrina em questão, que tem por projeto moldar a sociedade atual como aquela dita necessária para a realização do projeto divino na Terra, através de ações levariam à construção de uma sociedade que retomasse a preocupação com o bem comum. Os documentos que nos embasam nossa pesquisa são, além dos textos base e a documentação referente às Campanhas, as encíclicas papais e diversa bibliografia que transmite os pontos principais da Doutrina Social Católica, além de autores que, de alguma forma, já abordaram questões apontadas pela Doutrina
Abstract: The present study aims to contrast the Church Social Doctrine presence in assistance action, undertaken by CNBB, through the Fraternity Campaigns from the years 1986, 2002 and 2007, dealing specifically with the land‟s issue. We chose the land‟s theme because we observed that the private property issue is the beginning and the end of the doctrine question, whose design shape today's society such as that expressed need for the creation of the divine plan on Earth, through actions would lead to building a society that, would take the concern for the comfort. The documents that underlie our research are beyond the basic texts and documentation relating to Campaigns, the papal encyclicals and diverse bibliography that conveys the main Catholic Social Doctrine points, and authors who, somehow, have discussed issues raised by the doctrine
Mestre

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Dantsiou, Dimitra. "(De)constructing and transforming workplace practices : feedback as an intervention". Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2017. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/266740.

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Little empirical work has been conducted on workplace practices in university settings. Meanwhile, the impact of feedback on changing consumption patterns has been mainly studied through individualistic approaches. The academic workplace with its variety of users offers a setting that could provide a range of insights as to how practices form and change under the impact of efficiency interventions and, in turn, how relevant policies could be formed. This research looks at workplace practices related to the regulation of indoor temperature and the use of office equipment. It examines the potential of reducing energy usage in the workplace through a case study on the understanding of and interventions in practices using consumption feedback. A framework based on social practice theory is applied where daily practices are configured by routines, technologies, knowledge and meanings. The research takes place in a UK university building, where the provision of real-time consumption feedback through a display is employed to raise energy awareness. It follows a case study approach featuring three different office typologies and associated user groups: the shared, enclosed administrative office; the PhD open-plan office, and the post-doctoral cellular office. The study begins with an examination of the thermal characteristics and comfort preferences in the case study offices. It then examines how users shape their practices in the workplace. Finally, it observes the impact of feedback through real-time displays on the reduction of energy consumption. A mixed methods approach is employed combining qualitative and quantitative data. Semi- structured interviews and on-site observations are cross-related to environmental conditions monitoring, electricity audits and thermal comfort diaries. Data collection takes place in two phases— (February 2014 and July 2014) —to capture differences in practices between the winter and summer as well as before and after the installation of real-time displays. By exploring the empirical evidence through a practice theory framework, this research shows how social dynamics, the difference between the notion of comfort at home and work, and striving for productivity can prefigure ‘passive’ thermal comfort practices in the workplace. The real-time displays did not trigger change despite the fact electricity audits revealed a savings potential related to high standby use. The inadequacy of building maintenance structures, significant installation delays and the type of projected information were the main factors restricting change. The use of a practice approach advanced the understanding as to why it is so difficult to save energy at work and use feedback as a successful intervention. The combination of qualitative enquiry and energy audits meanwhile indicated the potential source of savings.

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Karlsson, Simon, i Joakim Wiberg. "Hur personalomsättningen påverkas av trivsel inom restaurangbranschen". Thesis, Örebro universitet, Restaurang- och hotellhögskolan, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:oru:diva-76730.

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Dutridge-Corp, Elizabeth Anne. "Reconciling the Past: H.R. 121 and the Japanese Textbook Controversy". Bowling Green, Ohio : Bowling Green State University, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=bgsu1250099908.

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Björk, Emma. "Hand i hand mot gemenskap : Invånares deltagande för trygghet och relationsskapande i ett “särskilt utsatt område”". Thesis, Linköpings universitet, Institutionen för kultur och samhälle, 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-163296.

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Den här uppsatsen har för avsikt att undersöka vad invånares samhällsengagemang i ett ”särskilt utsatt område” i form av trygghetsvandringar och samrådsmöten kan säga om integration. Genom etnografiskt fältarbete och deltagande observation ämnar studien fånga deltagarnas perspektiv på sitt engagemang, undersöka vad engagemanget har för inverkan på lokalsamhället och invånarnas känsla av trygghet, samt vad samhällsdeltagandet och dess inverkan kan säga om integration. Det empiriska materialet analyseras och diskuteras utifrån relevanta teorier om gemenskap, sociala gränser, trygghet samt social respektive strukturell integration. Invånarnas verksamhet och engagemang syftar till att öka tryggheten i stadsdelen, och skapar parallellt ett forum för språkövande och personliga möten över sociala och etniska gränser. Relationsskapandet bland invånare i stadsdelen tycks i sig indirekt leda till ökad trygghet, samt en känsla av gemenskap. Strukturella faktorer på makronivå uppenbarar sig emellertid som barriärer för invånarnas deltagande och delaktighet i en övergripande samhällelig och nationell gemenskap.
The aim of this thesis is to examine what residents’ community participation by way of local night patrol for social reassurance and community meetings in a “deprived neighborhood” has to say about integration. Through ethnographic field study and participant observation the study aims to capture the participants’ perspective of the participation, examine what impact the engagement has on the local community as well as what the affects and participation has to say about integration. The empirical material is analyzed and discussed from the basis of relevant theories of community, social boundaries, social reassurance as well as structural respectively social integration. The engagement of the residents aims to increase the feeling of social security and reassurance in the local community, and parallelly it creates forum for language practice and social encounters that goes beyond social and ethnic boundaries. The increasement of personal relationships seems to indirectly lead to a higher level of social reassurance as well as a feeling of solidarity in the community. Structural factors on a macro level, however, seems to work as barriers for the residents’ participation and involvement in a general societal and national fellowship and community.
الهدف من هذا الأنشاء هو الوصول لكيفية تأثير اهتمام المواطنين لحالة المجتمع في " الضاحيه الخاضعة للأستضعاف الخاص عن طريق التجول لتأمين الأمان ولقائات التشاورية على موظوع الاندماج العرقي عن طريق استخدام التكنيك للادراسات العليا التي يتم عن طريق الحضور في المكان المناسب للمشاركه الشخصيه والأنتباه المباشر على طريقة اشتراك واهتمام المواطنين لفهم جدية اهتمامهم وتأثير هذا الاهتمام لحصول المواطنين على المزيد بلاحساس بلأمان وكيف يؤدي هذا لفهم حالة الاندماج العرقي المواد التي تحصل عن طريق التجربة تدرس وتناقش عن طريق نضريات وثيقة الصل .التحديات الأجتماعيه،الأمان والاندماج العرقي الاجتماعي التركيبي بموضوع المشاركه هدف اهتمام وعمل المواطنين هو توفير الأمان الأكثر في ضواحي المدينه وإيجاد امكان الغه ولقائات .اجتماعيه خارجه عن المعدوديات العرقي بناء العلاقات مابين المواطنين في الضواحي تؤدي بطريقه غير مباشرة على مزيد من الأمان .وإحساس المشاركه العوامل الأنشائيه الغير قادرة للتغير تظهر وتؤدي الى ايجاد حواجز أمام حضور ومساهمة .المواطنين للمشاركة الوطنية

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Batkiewicz, Erin Aubrey. "Practices and Perceptions of Music Therapists Using Songwriting Interventions with Clients Who Are Grieving". UKnowledge, 2016. http://uknowledge.uky.edu/music_etds/62.

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Music therapists use songwriting interventions to address a variety of goals with several populations. Nevertheless, limited research exists regarding the use of songwriting interventions with individuals who are grieving. The purpose of this study was to examine practices and perceptions of board-certified music therapists working with clients who are grieving, specifically: (a) common interventions used to address grief (b) use of songwriting intervention; (c) perceived effectiveness of songwriting; and (d) music therapists’ comfort levels and training in implementing songwriting interventions. An online survey was sent to 6,292 board-certified music therapists, 324 of whom completed the survey. Participants reported that they use counseling techniques, singing, and songwriting with individuals who are grieving. Respondents indicated that songwriting was most effective in increasing emotional expression of clients who are grieving. All participants (N = 324, 100%) believed that songwriting could be an effective intervention for clients who are grieving. Music therapists expressed a need for further training in implementing songwriting interventions.

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Karlsson, Kristoffer, i Carola Karlsson. "Trivsel i ett passivhus-en kvalitativ undersökning om de faktorer som påverkar trivseln i en bostad". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22323.

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Att tillägna sig sin bostad är en viktig aspekt för att kunna känna sig hemma i sin egen bostad.Arkitekten Ola Nylander presenterar i sin forskning sju egenskapsfält (material och detaljer,axialitet, omslutenhet/öppenhet, rörelse, rumsfigurer, ljus och rumsorganisation) som kan fungerasom måttstockar för hur väl en lägenhet går att ta till sig. Uppsatsen utgår från de sjuegenskapsfälten och undersöker, genom dem, hur de boende upplever trivseln i sin bostad. Allabostäderna i undersökningen är placerade i ett passivhus på fastigheten Flaggskepparen 5 i VästraHamnen Malmö.Syftet med uppsatsen är att undersöka vilka egenskapsfält som är viktiga för hur de boendeupplever trivseln i ett nyproducerat passivt flerbostadshus. 9 stycken kvalitativa intervjuer hardärför genomförts med de boende i fastigheten. Dessa intervjuer har varit mellan 20 och 60 minuterlånga och genomförts på plats i respondenternas lägenheter (alla utom en). Intervjuerna hartranskriberats och analyserats genom de egenskapsfält undersökningen utgår från. Det har ävengenomförts en enklare inventering av de olika egenskaperna i rummen som omger den privatabostaden, exempelvis trapphus och innergård.Slutsatsen är att de sju olika egenskapsfälten har olika betydelse för och kan påverka trivselnolika i en bostad för de boende. Tillsammans bildar de ett sätt att mäta trivseln. Vissa avegenskapsfälten är lättare att ta till sig för de boende och blir därför lättare att undersöka. Andra harvarit svårare att upptäcka i undersökningen. Men tillsammans med de övriga egenskapsfälten fårdessa en mer framträdande roll. Uppsatsens slutsats är att material och detaljer,öppenhet/omslutenhet och ljus är de enklast tolkningsbara egenskaperna. De är därför också deegenskapsfält som kan vara av störst betydelse för trivseln i en bostad.
To make the dwelling your own is of great importance for your well-being.The swedish architect Ola Nylander presents in his research seven different fields of qualities.These qualities are supposed to work as tool for measuring how easy it is to make the dwelling yourown. Those qualities are: material and details, axiality, closeness/openness, motion, spatial shapes,light and organisation of rooms. This thesis is based on the seven fields of qualities and examinesthe characteristics that are important for the comfort of the dwelling. The building in the survey is apassive house on the property Flaggskepparen 5 of the Western Harbour in Malmö.The purpose with this thesis is to examine which fields of qualities that are of importance forthe perception of the comfort in a passive apartment block. 9 interviews have been conducted withthe residents of the building. The interviews has lasted between 20 to 60 minutes. All of theinterviews took place in their apartments except for one. The interviews were transcribed andanalysed based on the fields of qualities. There has also been made a simple inventory of thedifferent features in the spaces surrounding their private homes. For example, the staircase insidethe building and the courtyard that belongs to the house.The conclusion of this thesis is that the seven fields of qualities have difference significationfor making the dwelling your own. Together, they provide a tool for measuring the perception of thewell-being in the dwelling. Some of the fields of qualities are easier for the residents to understandand therefore easier to examine. Other fields of qualities have been hard to detect in the survey andharder for the residents to understand. Together, though, they make up a greater role in themeasuring of the perception of the well-being. The most easily interpretable properties of the fieldsof qualities in this study are: material and details, closeness/openness and light. They are thereforealso the fields that could be considered to being of most relevance for the comfort of the dwelling.

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Matos, Ana Paula de [UNESP]. "A doutrina católica e sua aplicação: Campanhas da Fraternidade e a questão da terra". Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/11449/93252.

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Made available in DSpace on 2014-06-11T19:26:22Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 0 Previous issue date: 2010-03-12Bitstream added on 2014-06-13T20:47:08Z : No. of bitstreams: 1 matos_ap_me_fran.pdf: 545417 bytes, checksum: 37acec9cda2a185cfafa821294e4805f (MD5)
O presente estudo tem por objetivo destacar a presença da Doutrina Social da Igreja nas ações ditas como assistencialistas realizadas pela CNBB, através das Campanhas da Fraternidade dos anos de 1986, 2002 e 2007, que tratam, especificamente da questão da terra. Escolhemos a temática a respeito da terra, pois, observamos que a questão da propriedade privada é início e fim da Doutrina em questão, que tem por projeto moldar a sociedade atual como aquela dita necessária para a realização do projeto divino na Terra, através de ações levariam à construção de uma sociedade que retomasse a preocupação com o bem comum. Os documentos que nos embasam nossa pesquisa são, além dos textos base e a documentação referente às Campanhas, as encíclicas papais e diversa bibliografia que transmite os pontos principais da Doutrina Social Católica, além de autores que, de alguma forma, já abordaram questões apontadas pela Doutrina
The present study aims to contrast the Church Social Doctrine presence in assistance action, undertaken by CNBB, through the Fraternity Campaigns from the years 1986, 2002 and 2007, dealing specifically with the land‟s issue. We chose the land‟s theme because we observed that the private property issue is the beginning and the end of the doctrine question, whose design shape today's society such as that expressed need for the creation of the divine plan on Earth, through actions would lead to building a society that, would take the concern for the comfort. The documents that underlie our research are beyond the basic texts and documentation relating to Campaigns, the papal encyclicals and diverse bibliography that conveys the main Catholic Social Doctrine points, and authors who, somehow, have discussed issues raised by the doctrine

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Batier, Cécile. "Confort thermique et énergie dans l’habitat social en milieu méditerranéen : d'un modèle comportemental de l’occupant vers des stratégies architecturales". Thesis, Montpellier, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016MONTS019/document.

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La performance énergétique des bâtiments peut être estimée grâce à la réalisation de simulations de thermique dynamique qui prennent en compte différentes hypothèses conventionnelles telles que celles définies dans la réglementation thermique 2012 (météo, occupation, consignes de température, usages de la fenêtre et du volet par les occupants, etc.). Les retours d’expériences dans les bâtiments énergétiquement performants mettent en évidence des écarts importants de consommations énergétiques entre les prévisions et les mesures in situ ainsi que des surchauffes estivales. D’après la communauté scientifique, même s’il existe de multiples facteurs pouvant expliquer ces écarts, l’occupant semble être l’élément le plus impactant. En effet, son action sur la fenêtre et le volet modifie le renouvellement d’air et la gestion des apports solaires. L’usage mais aussi la typologie de la fenêtre et du volet affectent donc les consommations énergétiques et le confort. L’objectif de notre étude est l’analyse de l’évolution thermique d’appartements occupés afin d'établir un modèle comportemental de l’occupant réel permettant de quantifier l’impact des modifications architecturales sur le confort thermique et les performances énergétiques des bâtiments. L’objet d’étude est un ensemble de deux résidences situées sur la commune de Vauvert (Gard, France) construites en 1969. De caractéristiques constructives identiques et suite à des rénovations similaires (V.M.C., chaudières, fenêtres), l’une d’entre elles a été récemment isolée thermiquement par l’extérieur. Une analyse sur une année des conditions thermiques réelles, du comportement individuel de l’occupant et des consommations d’énergie est menée sur la base d’enquêtes et par une instrumentation in situ dans les séjours de 13 appartements occupés. Elle nous permet de définir un modèle comportemental de l’occupant soit 32 combinaisons d’usage de la fenêtre et du volet qui peuvent être regroupées selon trois profils d’occupants (l’occupant « expert », l’occupant « actif » et l’occupant « contre-productif »). La modélisation fine des paramètres nécessaires pour les simulations de thermique dynamique réalisées avec Pléiades+COMFIE, aide à la compréhension de l’impact des stratégies architecturales sur le confort et les consommations énergétiques des bâtiments en milieu méditerranéen. L’analyse thermique des deux résidences (isolée et non isolée) montre, en hiver, des niveaux similaires de consommation pour un confort réduit dans la résidence non isolée. Cependant, en été, lors de pics de température, des surchauffes apparaissent dans la résidence isolée. Le comportement de l’individu a ainsi un rôle essentiel dans la limitation de l’inconfort d’été. Les analyses des mesures in situ montrent que des stratégies permettant le rafraîchissement des appartements ne sont pas toujours mises en place par les occupants. Des solutions architecturales atténuant le comportement contre-productif de l’individu sont finalement évaluées
The current design of energy-efficient buildings used to be performed by dynamic thermal simulations using conventional hypotheses like those of the 2012 French thermal regulations (weather reports, occupancy, temperature set, operations of windows and shutters by occupants, etc...). However, feedback highlights a great difference in energy consumption between forecasts on the one hand and in situ measurements in winter as well as overheating in summer on the other hand. According to the scientific community, even if many factors can account for this gap, the inhabitants seem to play a major role in it as well. Indeed, by acting on their windows and shutters, they modify the renewal rate of fresh air and the management of solar contributions. As the matter of fact, the use and the type of windows and shutters affect the energy consumptions and the comfort. The aim of this study is to analyse the thermal evolution of occupied apartments in order to establish a behavioral model of the occupants. This will allow us to quantify the impact of architectural modifications on the thermal comfort and the energy performances of buildings.Two residential buildings are investigated in Vauvert (a city in southern of France). Both of them were built in 1969 using the same constructive techniques and have lately been renovated in a similar way (CMV, boilers, windows). The only difference is that on the facade of one of them an external thermal insulation has recently been installed. The analysis of the real thermal conditions, of the actual human behavior and of the amount of energy consumed is built on surveys and on an extensive year-round in situ instrumentation in the living rooms of 13 apartments. It allows us to define a behavioral model of occupants based on 32 different combinations in the operations of windows and shutters. We can divide them into three occupants' profiles (the “expert” occupant, the “active” occupant and the “counterproductive” occupant). Digital Pléiades+COMFIE simulations are made in order to validate this model. The refined modeling of the dynamic thermal simulation parameters helps to understand the impact on the thermal comfort and the energy consumption of different architectural strategies in the Mediterranean area.In winter the thermal analysis of the two residential buildings (insulated and non insulated) shows similar levels of consumption, but a lower level of thermal comfort in the non insulated case. However during temperature peaks in summer, overheating appears in the insulated dwellings, but human behavior is the key to limit occupants’ discomfort. The analysis of in situ measurements shows that strategies to cool down the apartments are not always implemented by occupants. Architectural solutions mitigating “counterproductive” occupants’ behavior are finally examined

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Vogel, Kjerstin. "Arbete ger livet mening : Studier av en förbättringsprocess på ett störrelivsmedelsföretag". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Mechanical Engineering, 2004. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-25576.

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Uppsatsen analyserade vad som kan ge arbetsglädje samt utvärderade effekter på upplevd hälsa, gott liv och arbetsglädje av de ergonomiska åtgärder som vidtagits på ett större livsmedelsföretag. Ergonomi här definierat ur ett helhetsperspektiv: Människan är en komplex varelse och hon granskades i den kontext som arbetet och arbetsorganisationen utgjorde. Frågeställningen utvärderas i termer av målbildens nyckelord. Målbild är:

”Vi bidrar till ett lönsamt Alexander genom meningsfullt arbete där alla medarbetare känner glädje och trivsel samt bibehåller god hälsa. Här utvecklas vi som individer i ett öppet ochärligt arbetsklimat.”

Den undersökta gruppen bestod av maskinoperatörer och deras ledning, arbetsledare, produktionschef och platschef. De metoder som användes var enkät och intervju. Maskinoperatörerna besvarade enkäten med besvärsfrågor, inställning till livet och hälsansamt personliga mått för BMI-beräkning. En korrelationsmatris beräknades för att analysera hur variablerna som beskrev arbetsglädje samvarierade. Resultatet visade ingen markant förändring av vare sig hälsa, besvär eller arbetsglädje. Besvärsnivåerna var genomgående höga till mycket höga. Behovet av sjukskrivning pga. besvären hade ökat. Många var överviktiga.Sju personer, operatörer samt personer från ledningen på företaget, intervjuades djupare angående sina attityder till arbetsglädje. Här fann vi stora likheter i hur de ansåg attarbetsglädje främjas samt sin egen roll i detta. De korrelationer som uppmättes ger ytterligare stöd för vad andra studier visat: Demokratiska processer, information och utvecklingsmöjligheter ger ökat engagemang och högre grad av arbetsglädje. Signifikanta samband mellan stöd från arbetsledningen och upplevelse av god hälsa och ett bra liv var ytterligare ett fynd. En möjlig förklaring till bristen av påverkan av de ergonomiska förändringarna är en alltför kort studietid.

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Vizzotto, Elissa Forgiarini. "Comportamento animal e atributos fisiológicos de vacas leiteiras submetidas a ambientes com e sem sombreamento durante a estação quente". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/101658.

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O ambiente físico tem grande importância na fisiologia do animal, influenciando a reprodução e produção. Com as mudanças climáticas e o melhoramento genético dos animais, com ênfase no aumento da produtividade por animal, os animais passaram a sofrer mais com as altas temperaturas, alterando seu comportamento e seu bem estar. O objetivo deste trabalho foi avaliar o comportamento social e ingestivo e atributos fisiológicos de vacas leiteiras durante a estação quente, com ou sem acesso à sombra. O estudo foi conduzido em Lages, SC, utilizando 14 vacas lactantes em pastejo, as quais foram divididas em dois grupos, permanecendo um grupo somente no sol sem acesso à sombra e o outro em ambiente com sombreamento. Foram observados os comportamentos ingestivo e social dos animais das 07:30 ( GMT -2:00) às 23:00h (GMT-2:00), em intervalos de 10 minutos, totalizando 650min. As frequências respiratória e cardíaca, temperatura corporal das vacas e número de movimentos ruminais foram avaliados diariamente. Os dados do comportamento animal foram previamente padronizados e posteriormente, submetidos à análise multivariada, incluindo as análises de fatores principais de agrupamento, avaliação das variáveis que determinaram os agrupamentos por análise discriminante e canônica, utilizando o programa estatístico SAS 9.2. Os grupos diferiram principalmente quanto ao número de eventos de ingestão de água, competição por sombra e número de interações agressivas, aos tempos despendidos em ócio total, ócio em pé, de permanência perto do bebedouro, frequência respiratória e cardíaca, temperatura corporal, número de movimentos ruminais, escores de ofegação às 15 (GMT -2:00) e às 19 (GMT -2:00) horas e tolerância ao calor. No entanto os grupos de animais não diferiram quanto aos tempos gastos caminhando de cabeça alta, caminhando de cabeça baixa, em estação, número de eventos de competição por água no bebedor e os dados zootécnicos de dias em lactação, ordem de parto e produção de leiteira. O fornecimento de sombra na área de pastejo mesmo em condições moderadas de estresse térmico alterou positivamente os atributos fisiológicos e comportamentais. A severidade do estresse, percebida pela alteração dos atributos fisiológicos, alterou distintamente o comportamento social e ingestivo.
The physical environment, has a great importance on animal physiology affecting breeding and production. Due to climate change and animal breeding, which enphasizes higher production per animal, animals might get heat stressed from high temperatures, changing their behavior and their welfare. This study was performed to assess the social and feeding behavior and physiological attributes of dairy cows during the warm season with or without access to shade. The study was conducted in Lages, SC, using 14 lactating cows at grazing. These animals were divided into two groups, one group remained under the sunlight, without access to shade, while the other group was kept in shade-provided environment. Ingestive and social behavior of animals was observed from 7:30 (GMT -2:00) to 23:00 (GMT -2:00), registered at 10-minutes interval totaling 650 minutes. Respiratory and heart rate, body temperature and number of ruminal movements were assessed daily. The data of animal behavior were standardized using the standard procedure and then were subjected to multivariate analysis, including the analysis of key factors (PROC FACTOR), cluster analysis (PROC FATSCLUSTER AND PROC CLUSTER), evaluation of variables that determined groups by discriminant analysis and canonical, using SAS 9.2 statistical software. The groups differed mainly on the number of events of swallowing water, shade and competition for number of aggressive interactions, the time spent in complete idleness, loitering foot, staying near the water cooler, respiratory and heart rate, body temperature, number of ruminal movements, panting scores at 15 (GMT-2:00) and 9 (GMT-2:00) hours, heat tolerance. However animal groups did not differ regarding time spent walking head high, walking head down, season, number of events per water drinker and competition in the production data of days in milk, parity order and production of milk. The provision of shade in the paddocks, even under moderate heat stress, altered positively physiological and behavioral attributes. The stress severity, noticed by the change of physiological attributes, changed distinctly social and feeding behavior.

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Sacht, Helenice Maria. "Painéis de vedação de concreto moldados in loco: avaliação de desempenho térmico e desenvolvimento de concretos". Universidade de São Paulo, 2008. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18141/tde-17102008-114925/.

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A carência habitacional é atualmente um dos maiores desafios urbanos para as políticas públicas das cidades brasileiras e deve impulsionar a busca de soluções tecnológicas para o desenvolvimento de habitações com baixo custo e desempenho satisfatório. Nesse contexto se insere o sistema construtivo de painéis monolíticos de concreto moldados in loco. Nesta pesquisa apresenta-se uma proposta de desenvolvimento de concretos destinados ao sistema construtivo de painéis monolíticos moldados in loco, tendo como referencial, além dos requisitos técnicos de trabalhabilidade, resistência mecânica e durabilidade, a influência dos painéis no desempenho térmico das habitações. Com isso, o desenvolvimento dos concretos assim como a definição de espessura do painel de vedação foi realizado, considerando as particularidades das oito diferentes zonas bioclimáticas brasileiras e as tipologias construtivas adotadas pela Companhia de Desenvolvimento Habitacional e Urbano (CDHU) e Caixa Econômica Federal (CEF). Por meio de simulações computacionais do desempenho térmico de edificações térreas (com laje plana, com laje inclinada e sem laje) e multipavimentos (cobertura e segundo pavimento), avaliaram-se as espessuras dos painéis (8, 10 e 12 cm) e as massas específicas dos concretos (1600, 1800, 2000, 2200 e 2400 kg/m³) adequadas em relação às características climáticas das localidades analisadas, utilizando como parâmetro a norma NBR 15575 Edifícios habitacionais de até cinco pavimentos - Desempenho, da Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas. A partir da avaliação do desempenho térmico das tipologias selecionadas, dentre os concretos e as espessuras de painéis analisadas, observou-se que as tipologias com painéis de concreto com massa específica de 2400 kg/m³ e com espessura de 12 cm foram as que apresentaram os melhores resultados para as oito regiões bioclimáticas analisadas.
Nowadays, the lack of housing has been one of the biggest urban challenges to the Brazilian public policies and should impel the search for technological solutions by the development of housings with low-cost and satisfactory performance. In this context is the constructive system of cast-in-place monolithic panels of concrete. This dissertation presents a proposal for the development of concretes destined to the system having the technical requirements of workability, mechanical resistance and durability, and the influence of the panels peculiarities on the thermal performance of the housings as reference. Herewith, the development of concretes as well as the panels thicknesses definition has been realized, considering the particularities of the eight different Brazilian climate zones, and the constructive typologies used by the Companhia de Desenvolvimento Habitacional e Urbano do Estado de São Paulo (CDHU) and Caixa Econômica Federal (CEF). By means of computational simulations of thermal performance of one-storey (with plane and inclined slabs, and without slab) and multi-storey (last and second floors) constructive typologies, the suitable panels thicknesses (8, 10 and 12 cm) and concretes densities (1600, 1800, 2000, 2200 and 2400 kg/m³) in relation to the climatic characteristics of the analyzed places were determined, having the standard NBR 15575 Residential buildings up to five storied Performace of the Associação Brasileira de Normas Técnicas as parameter. Starting from the evaluation of the thermal performance of the selected typologies, among concretes and panels thickness analyzed, the use of concretes panels with densities of 2400 kg/m³ and thicknesses of 12 cm has been presented better results for the eight Brazilian climate zones.

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Alvares, Simone Mesquita. "Desempenho térmico de habitações do PMCMV em paredes de concreto : estudo de caso em São Carlos-SP e diretrizes de projeto para a Zona Bioclimática 4". Universidade de São Paulo, 2018. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/102/102131/tde-26072018-160121/.

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O atual programa de contenção do déficit habitacional brasileiro, Minha Casa Minha Vida, criado em 2009, apesar de numericamente significativo, apresenta uma série de complicações e inadequações. Um importante exemplo é a inadequação das construções à Zona Bioclimática na qual o projeto é construído. Diante desse fato, o conforto térmico do usuário deixa a desejar pois os ambientes são desconfortáveis e nada sustentáveis do ponto de vista ambiental. Neste contexto, o trabalho teve como objetivo avaliar o desempenho térmico de habitações de interesse social do PMCMV na Zona Bioclimática 4 construídas com paredes de concreto armado moldadas no local, técnica de rápida execução que vem sendo utilizada em larga escala no país; complementarmente, foi analisada a percepção do usuário frente às condições de conforto térmico em um desses residenciais. A avaliação do desempenho térmico das habitações foi feita com base nos regulamentos nacionais NBR 15220 e NBR 15575 em seus procedimentos simplificados; para avaliar a ventilação, via método de visualização de escoamento (mesa dágua) e a insolação, via simulação computacional de horas de sombreamento com auxílio de cartas solares; para a avaliação da percepção do usuário frente ao conforto térmico, foram feitas pesquisas de campo em um dos empreendimentos de habitações sociais na zona em estudo tendo como base os questionários ASHRAE 55 juntamente com coleta de dados climáticos de temperatura e umidade relativa e com levantamento de modificações projetuais. A partir dos dados coletados, pôde-se confirmar objetivamente a inadequação aos limites mínimos estabelecidos pelas normas de desempenho térmico nos parâmetros de vedação vertical e cobertura. Em entrevista com os moradores, as casas foram consideradas desconfortáveis termicamente no inverno e verão. A partir do diagnóstico das alterações nos projetos, nota-se que a maior parte das casas sofrem alterações para maior adequação à vida dos moradores, essas que se tornam responsáveis pelo desconforto térmico. Fica evidente a necessidade do aumento da inércia térmica do sistema construtivo, para futuras casas construídas com o referido sistema além da necessidade de um plano de expansão da moradia que oriente o morador a fazer modificações que não prejudiquem o desempenho térmico do edifício e o conforto térmico dos habitantes.
The current Brazilian low-income housing program, named Minha Casa Minha Vida, was created in 2009 by the Brazilian government and despite being numerically significant, it has many significant issues that affect its quality. One important example is the used construction methods that do not take into account the climate or the bioclimatic zones where the houses are located resulting in energy efficiency, environmental and thermal confirm issues. This work is developed in this context and aims to evaluate the objective and subjective thermal performance of the houses built in the Zone 4 with reinforced concrete walls molded in place, which is a widespread construction technique within the studied program. Thermal performance of the dwellings was analyzed in the light of the Brazilian regulation norm NBR15220 and NBR 15575. Surveys based on ASHRAE 55 norm were conducted to evaluate the user\'s thermal comfort perception and in situ measurements were taken at the studied bioclimatic zone. From the data collected, we conclude that the houses do not meet the norm limits and that they are also subjectively uncomfortable, during summer and winter. As means to increase comfort, we note that all houses dwellers modified their houses making it clear that future houses should have more thermal inertia and that, as the program expands, dwellers should be instructed to not make construction changes that might affect their thermal comfort.

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Bambino, Linda E. "Physician Communication Behaviors That Elicit Patient Trust". Digital Commons @ East Tennessee State University, 2006. https://dc.etsu.edu/etd/2185.

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The general relationship between the physician and the patient is one where communication is used to establish and maintain what will likely become a long-term partnership. Health communication research indicates that physicians who have apt communication skills in the patient-physician relationship develop a platform of trust behaviors. The physician communication behaviors perceived to elicit trust reported by patients are; comfort/caring, agency, competence, compassion and honesty. The objective of the research project was to assess patient perceptions of previously determined physician communication behaviors that predict patient trust through individual surveys (N=162) between foreign-born international medical graduates and American-born non-IMG resident physicians. Patients reported finding a difference in the exhibited communication behaviors between non-IMG and IMG resident physicians, with the exception of comfort/caring. A modified Trust Model guided the research and supported certain prior findings, claiming that effective communication cannot exist in the absence of a solid, trusting physician-patient relationship.

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Di, Giannatale Vittoria Maria, Ilaria Franchini i Martina Mori. "Integrare l'housing sociale nel contesto urbano. Ipotesi di riqualificazione dell'area dell'autostazione a Imola (BO)". Master's thesis, Alma Mater Studiorum - Università di Bologna, 2019.

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La tesi riguarda un’ipotesi di riqualificazione dell’area dell’autostazione di Imola attraverso un progetto di housing social.L’area già individuata dagli strumenti urbanistici come ambito di riqualificazione comprende gli spazi di proprietà dell’azienda TPER e due parcheggi. Trovandosi tra il centro storico e l’asse ferroviario la sua posizione è particolarmente favorevole consentendo facile accesso ai principali servizi e veloci collegamenti.I confini dell’ambito di riqualificazione sono stati allargati in fase di progetto all’intero comparto: la forte disomogeneità e il trattamento delle superfici del lotto richiedono un intervento più completo al fine di reintegrarlo con la città.La nuova configurazione ha lo scopo di ridefinire i margini dell’area, migliorare la relazione con il contesto e individuare un’area protetta più compatibile con la nuova funzione. Questo spazio è di natura semi-privata: gli spazi pertinenziali sono condivisi e integrati con aree pubbliche.L’integrazione e la condivisione sono incentivati garantendo una parte degli alloggi progettati al libero mercato e attraverso la progettazione di spazi collettivi e di servizio. Particolare attenzione è stata dedicata al tema ambientale-energetico: sono stati selezionati materiali naturali a basso impatto ambientale e impianti alimentati da fonti rinnovabili. Il progetto tiene in considerazione gli esisti delle analisi fluidodinamiche sullo stato attuale per fornire una corretta risposta progettuale in termini di comfort outdoor.Il sistema costruttivo scelto è l’XLAM, sia per le sue proprietà statiche e di resistenza al fuoco sia per la capacità di risponde alle nuove necessità ambientali.

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Pereira, Gabriela Fonseca. "O design com segurança e conforto no projeto de camas para a terceira idade". reponame:Biblioteca Digital de Teses e Dissertações da UFRGS, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10183/60720.

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A população idosa está em crescimento no Brasil segundo dados do último Censo Demográfico do Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Com esta perspectiva é importante atentar-se para o fato de que durante o processo de envelhecimento ocorrem diversas mudanças físicas e psíquicas que influenciam a pessoa no uso dos espaços e dos produtos. Dentre esses produtos, a cama é extremamente necessária durante toda a vida e a sua utilização faz parte da rotina diária, sendo alta a ocorrência de quedas de idosos no uso deste produto. Embora as lesões e as quedas na utilização das camas não estejam diretamente associadas à terceira idade, neste período da vida, elas podem representar um problema de saúde mais grave. A intenção desta dissertação é a proposição de diretrizes projetuais para que as camas sejam seguras e confortáveis para os idosos. Para alcançar este objetivo e compreender as necessidades dos idosos desenvolveramse duas etapas distintas: a fundamentação teórica e a pesquisa de campo. Na fundamentação teórica, foram levantados os assuntos relevantes a oito temas principais: idosos, mercado de camas e colchões, segurança, conforto, desenho universal, ergonomia, antropometria e usabilidade, com a finalidade de apontar direcionamentos de projeto indicados pelos autores. A pesquisa de campo, realizada em uma instituição de longa permanência e dezenove residências, totalizando cinquenta idosos, contou com o método de estudo de casos múltiplos através da aplicação de entrevistas semi-estruturadas entre idosos e profissionais. A aplicação deste método auxiliou a elaboração das diretrizes, pois, além de identificar as dificuldades encontradas pelos idosos na utilização da cama, permitiu a identificação dos elementos que são mais importantes e os que necessitam de melhoria na opinião dos usuários. As entrevistas com os profissionais que lidam com idosos diariamente também auxiliou neste processo. Assim, a partir da sistematização dos dados obtidos na fundamentação teórica e na pesquisa de campo, são apresentadas diretrizes projetuais que visam a segurança e ao conforto do idoso, que possui a sua autonomia preservada, na utilização da cama.
The old population is growing in Brazil according to last data from Demographic Census of Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística - IBGE. Based on this it is important to pay attention to the fact that during the aging process many physical and psychic changes happen which influence the person in the usage of spaces and products. Among these products the bed is extremely necessary during the whole life and its use is part of the daily routine, being high the incidence of falls of old people using this product. And although injuries and falls using beds are not directly related to the old population, during this period they can represent a grave health problem. The objective of this research is to propose project guidelines aiming that beds become safer and more comfortable for the old people. In order to reach this objective and understand the necessities of the old people two specific stages were established: the theoretical base and the field survey. In the theoretical base were raised issues related to eight main subjects: old people, the market of beds and mattresses, safety, comfort, universal design, ergonomics, anthropometry and usability, aiming to raise project guidelines indicated by the authors. The field survey, carried out in a long term stay institution and nineteen homes, totalizing fifty old people, counted with the multiple cases study method through the application of semi-structures interviews to old people and professionals. The application of this method helped the creation of the guidelines, since, besides identifying the difficulties found by the old people using the bed, allowed the identification of the most important elements and the ones which need enhancements in the users’ opinions. The interviews with the professionals which deal daily with old people also helped in this process. Because of this, based on the systematization of the data obtained in the theoretical base and in the field survey, project guidelines are presented aiming the safety and the comfort of the old people, who keep their autonomy preserved using the bed.

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Iacovetta, Anna C. "Moving Up the Social Ladder: An Analysis of the Role of Temptation in Shaping Characters in Select Fairy Tales Employing Marxist and Psychological Lenses". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1491073505893036.

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Favretto, Ana Paula Oliveira. "Regression models to assess the thermal performance of Brazilian low-cost houses: consideration of opaque envelope". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/102/102131/tde-10102016-132422/.

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This study examines the potential to conduct building thermal performance simulation (BPS) of unconditioned low-cost housing during the early design stages. By creating a set of regression models (meta-models) based on EnergyPlus simulations, this research aims to promote and simplify BPS in the building envelope design process. The meta-models can be used as tools adapted for three Brazilian cities: Curitiba, São Paulo and Manaus, providing decision support to designers by enabling rapid feedback that links early design decisions to the buildings thermal performance. The low-cost housing unit studied is a detached onestory house with an area of approximately 51m2, which includes two bedrooms, a combined kitchen and living room, and one bathroom. This representative configuration is based on collected data about the most common residence options in some Brazilian cities. This naturally ventilated residence is simulated in the Airflow Network module in EnergyPlus, which utilizes the average wind pressure coefficients provided by the software. The parametric simulations vary the house orientation, U-value, heat capacity and absorptance of external walls and the roof, the heat capacity of internal walls, the window-to-wall ratio, type of window (slider or casement), and the existence of horizontal and/or vertical shading devices with varying dimensions. The models predict the resulting total degree-hours of discomfort in a year due to heat and cold, based on comfort limits defined by the adaptive method for naturally ventilated residences according to ANSI ASHRAE Standard 55. The methodology consists of (a) analyzing a set of Brazilian low-cost housing projects and defining a geometric model that can represent it; (b) determining a list of design parameters relevant to thermal comfort and defining value ranges to be considered; (c) defining the input data for the 10.000 parametric simulations used to create and test the meta-models for each analyzed climate; (d) simulating thermal performance using Energy Plus; (e) using 60% of the simulated cases to develop the regression models; and (f) using the remaining 40% data to validate the meta-models. Except by Heat discomfort regression models for the cities of Curitiba and São Paulo the meta-models show R2 values superior to 0.9 indicating accurate predictions when compared to the discomfort predicted with the output data from EnergyPlus, the original simulation software. Meta-models application tests are performed and the meta-models show great potential to guide designers decisions during the early design.
Esta pesquisa avalia as potencialidades do uso de simulações do desempenho térmico (SDT) nas etapas iniciais de projetos de habitações de interesse social (HIS) não condicionadas artificialmente. Busca-se promover e simplificar o uso de SDT no processo de projeto da envolvente de edificações através da criação de modelos de regressão baseados em simulações robustas através do software EnergyPlus. Os meta-modelos são adaptados ao clima de três cidades brasileiras: Curitiba, São Paulo e Manaus, e permitem uma rápida verificação do desconforto térmico nas edificações podendo ser usados como ferramentas de suporte às decisões de projeto nas etapas iniciais. A HIS considerada corresponde a uma unidade térrea com aproximadamente 51m2, composta por dois quartos, um banheiro e cozinha integrada à sala de jantar. Esta configuração é baseada em um conjunto de projetos representativos coletados em algumas cidades brasileiras (como São Paulo, Curitiba e Manaus). Estas habitações naturalmente ventiladas são simuladas pelo módulo Airflow Network utilizando o coeficiente médio de pressão fornecido pelo EnergyPlus. As simulações consideram a parametrização da orientação da edificação, transmitância térmica (U), capacidade térmica (Ct) e absortância () das paredes externas e cobertura; Ct e U das paredes internas; relação entre área de janela e área da parede; tipo da janela (basculante ou de correr); existência e dimensão de dispositivos verticais e horizontais de sombreamento. Os meta-modelos desenvolvidos fornecem a predição anual dos graus-hora de desconforto por frio e calor, calculados com base nos limites de conforto definidos pelo método adaptativo para residências naturalmente ventiladas (ANSI ASHRAE, 2013). A metodologia aplicada consiste em: (a) análise de um grupo de projetos de HIS brasileiras e definição de um modelo geométrico que os represente; (b) definição dos parâmetros relevantes ao conforto térmico, assim como seus intervalos de variação; (c) definição dos dados de entrada para as 10.000 simulações paramétricas utilizadas na criação e teste de confiabilidade dos meta-modelos para cada clima analisado; (d) simulação do desempenho térmico por meio do software EnergyPlus; (e) utilização de 60% dos casos simulados para o desenvolvimento dos modelos de regressão; e (f) uso dos 40% dos dados restantes para testar a confiabilidade do modelo. Exceto pelos modelos para predição do desconforto por calor para Curitiba e São Paulo, os demais meta-modelos apresentaram valores de R2 superiores a 0.9, indicando boa adequação das predições de desconforto dos modelos gerados ao desconforto calculado com base no resultado das simulações no EnergyPlus. Um teste de aplicação dos meta-modelos foi realizado, demonstrando seu grande potencial para guiar os projetistas nas decisões tomadas durante as etapas inicias de projeto.

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