Rozprawy doktorskie: „Social citizenship”

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McKeever, Gráinne. "Accessing social citizenship". Thesis, Ulster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.673830.

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This thesis reviews the contribution of the authors listed publications to a legal perspective on the issues surrounding access to social citizenship for social security claimants. The thesis establishes how the author's published work has provided a significant and coherent contribution to the field, bringing a doctrinal and empirical legal perspective to analyse the detail and workings of legislation dealing with issues related to social security law, with a focus on: the specifics of the legal standards and requirements that comprise the rules governing entitlement to social security benefits and access to those entitlements; expanding a rights-based dimension to social security entitlements, utilising legal concepts of human rights and equality law and applying them to the concept of social citizenship; and developing - within and beyond this - participative concepts of access to justice.

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Beckett, Angharad Elise. "The 'struggle' for citizenship : citizenship, social movement theory and disability". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.408363.

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Greene, Saara. "Young mothers, social exclusion and citizenship". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/24645.

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With the development of the Social Inclusion Unit, the 1997 New Labour government committed themselves to a process of reintegrating and increasing the participation of marginalised groups within mainstream society. A major development produced by the unit has been their ‘Report on Teenage Pregnancy’ (1999a) reflecting a political and social agenda aimed at decreasing teenage conceptions and pregnancies. One way that the government has attempted to achieve these goals has been through disseminating social and political discourse outlining the social problems associated with teenage pregnancy and young motherhood. This has resulted in the development of social policies and programmes aimed at decreasing teenage pregnancy and encouraging young mothers to access social welfare programmes that will increase their participation in the labour market. However, as this study will demonstrate, by focusing mainly on labour market participation as the route to inclusion, New Labour has systematically ignored other barriers to social inclusion that are experienced by young mothers such as their age, gender and race, and a lack of recognition of their working-class culture. Another main aim of this study is to demonstrate how young mothers’ experiences of social exclusion are intensified through New Labour’s view of active citizenship, which emphasises participation in the labour market, education, training programmes, and volunteerism. However, as this study will argue, the young mothers who participated in this study regularly engaged in the responsibilities associated with active citizenship through fulfilling the responsibilities associated with mothering and participating in community based activities and politics that are connected to the welfare of their children. Yet, because the responsibilities and duties associated with mothering are rarely, if ever, associated with active citizenship, young mothers remain excluded from experiencing substantive citizenship status. It will be also argued that because young motherhood is viewed as a social problem, young mothers often carry out their mothering in the public sphere under the gaze of social work and other human service professionals. This points to a contradiction inherent in liberal notions of citizenship that suggest that although the raising of children is a duty worthy of social and political attention, young motherhood fails to be viewed as an activity associated with citizenship. Through juxtaposing social inclusion strategies and programme with in-depth interviews and participant observation sessions with twenty young mothers from a socially deprived community in Scotland, this study will demonstrate how government strategies have failed to recognise the various factors associated with becoming a young mother, and the ways in which the activities associated with young motherhood demonstrate acts of citizenship. As such, this study will argue that young mothers’ experiences of social exclusion may be exacerbated rather than alleviated by New Labour’s social exclusion policies and programmes and their view of what it means to be an active citizen.

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Sivaramakrishnan, A. "Social science, professional authority and citizenship". Thesis, University of Southampton, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.382911.

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Fives, Allyn. "A hermeneutic defence of social citizenship". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/22220.

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The aim of this thesis is to defend T.H. Marshall’s conception of social citizenship. I argue that it can be defended both against the New Rights’ rejection of social democracy and against the Third Way re-formulation of social democracy, by Anthony Giddens and others, which rejects the goal of social equality. My defence of social citizenship is conducted at the level of meta-theoretical argument concerning the nature of justification. More specifically, I make use of Hans-Georg Gadamer’s hermeneutics, which I argue is a conservative meta-theory and which I distinguish from enlightenment and radical meta-theories. For Gadamer, the rational capacity required for justification presupposes a shared tradition which it actively establishes through mutual learning. I distinguish this from Jurgen Habermas’ and Martha Nussbaum’s enlightenment positions, where rational capacity is prior to practice, and from Michel Foucult’s radical position, where rational capacity is established through subjugation and resistance. Marshal argues that this proposals for social equality are justified from within the tradition of citizenship and must therefore be revised in new situations. I argue that the meta-theoretical position assumed here in Marshall’s social citizenship corresponds to hermeneutics. I also argue that the revision Marshall calls for can be justified as a hermeneutic reformulation of social citizenship. It must be pursued as a process of mutual learning so as to establish social equality in relations of mutual learning. Further, I argue that in the reformulation of social citizenship hermeneutics can be revised so as to account for the necessity of social equality for rational capacity. I argue that conceptions of citizenship must proceed from assumptions concerning the nature of justification. However, it is through enabling the rational capacity of citizens that these meta-theoretical assumptions will be fully realised.

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Skoura, Eleni. "Negotiating social citizenship : a comparative study of youth homelessness and social citizenship in the UK and Greece". Thesis, University of Kent, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.252603.

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Raabe, Bianca. "Citizenship? : young people, social relations and inequalities". Thesis, University of East London, 1997. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.310612.

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Bruzelius, Cecilia. "The local governance of European social citizenship". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2017. https://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:9a4281f6-3e52-4f48-8b9a-cabb2b5a8231.

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This thesis is a study of EU migrant citizens' substantive social rights. Much research has concerned itself with the expansion of freedom of movement and cross-border social rights in the EU. However, most of this research has analysed only formal rights, overlooking substantive rights. In the multilevel setting that is the EU, social rights are being adjudicated at a supra-national level, but realised at the national and sub-national level. Numerous different regulations, actors and practices thus shape the substantive social rights of EU migrant citizens, making their rights especially prone to distortion in the process of practical implementation. Examining how formal rights translate into substantive ones is important to understand how and where the lines of exclusion and inclusion of European social citizenship are drawn. Specifically, the thesis looks as how formal social rights translate into substantive rights with a focus on the local level. This is where any pressures from internal EU-migration on social provision are felt, where gaps in the social protection of EU migrant citizens make themselves evident, and where many social rights are exercised. The central research question of the thesis is thus: how are EU migrant citizens' social rights governed at the local level? The thesis adopts a qualitative and explorative method. More specifically, it examines barriers that EU migrant citizens face when trying to access social benefits and services. The study also takes a comparative approach, and contrasts localities across two member states that can be seen as critical cases: Germany and Sweden. In two cities in each country (Berlin and Hamburg, Gothenburg and Stockholm), interviews were conducted with local public administrators, welfare providers and advocacy organisations. The interviews were later related to relevant policy documents in a thematic analysis guided by the overarching research question. The main contribution of the thesis lies in identifying certain direct and indirect factors that shape EU migrant citizens' access to social benefits and services - and thus their substantive social rights. Specifically, the thesis argues that (1) certain structures of welfare systems (which become evident through a bottom-up study of supra-national social rights), and (2) the entrepreneurship of local actors, are crucial to understanding how formal rights of EU migrant citizens translate into substantive ones.

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Waddell, Jasmine M. "Social citizenship and social status in post-apartheid South Africa". Thesis, University of Oxford, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.416817.

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Vandehey, Scott Lawrence. "Suburban citizenship". Diss., [La Jolla] : University of California, San Diego, 2009. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/ucsd/fullcit?p3355727.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of California, San Diego, 2009.
Title from first page of PDF file (viewed June 23, 2009). Available via ProQuest Digital Dissertations. Vita. Includes bibliographical references (p. 352-362).

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Fowlie, Ruth. "Social inclusion, citizenship and people with intellectual disabilities". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2005. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.431394.

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Jayasooria, Denison. "Citizenship, social work and disabled people in Malaysia". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.308929.

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D'Intino, Robert Stephen. "A Social Contract Perspective on Organizational Citizenship Behavior". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27075.

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A predictive relationship is proposed between stronger communitarian normative ideological values and beliefs regarding the political and economic social contract, and greater amounts of organizational citizenship behavior (OCB). The theoretical foundation supporting this relationship is based in management literature on organizational cooperation, and political theory literature on individualist and communitarian ideological orientation, which derives from the social contract theories of Hobbes, Locke, and Rousseau. Survey data from 315 organizational employees supported the study's proposal that stronger communitarian ideological orientation had statistically significant and positive direct and interaction effects predicting greater OCB performance.
Ph. D.

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Fife, Cynthia Michelle. "A Social-Cognitive Assessment of Organizational Citizenship Behavior". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/36242.

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Organizational citizenship behavior (OCB) is essential to the smooth functioning of organizations. A vast amount of research examining OCB has established the benefits of such behavior to businesses. In addition, individual- and organizational-level antecedents of citizenship behavior have been widely studied and well established. However, a sound assessment of OCB, which acknowledges the true social cognitive nature of the phenomenon, is yet to be developed. The purpose of this study is two-fold: First, this study seeks to develop a reliable, accurate measure of OCB. Second, this study utilizes the newly developed measure to determine how personal characteristics and situational influences interact to produce helping behavior. More specifically, this study explores how equity sensitivity, locus of control, self-esteem, and affectivity determine whether an employee engages in helping behavior. Further, the current study examines whether situation cue strength moderates the relationship between the aforementioned personality characteristics and an employeeâ s decision to engage in helping behavior.
Master of Science

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Diprose, Kristina M. "Youth citizenship, social change and non-governmental organisations". Thesis, University of Leeds, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/9247/.

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This thesis is grounded in a 16-month critical ethnography of two voluntary sector youth citizenship projects, based in the UK, which supported young people’s participation in community action and political lobbying. It is about the role of non-governmental organisations (NGOs) as civic intermediaries for young people, in particular about the kinds of citizenship that they foster. The research focuses on thick description of organisational frameworks for youth participation to offer a contextualised account of young people’s citizenship practices, their relationship with social policy and the institutionalised promotion of citizenship ‘best practice’. This account is juxtaposed with popular representations of young people as divorced from mainstream politics, either because they are disenfranchised, or because they are presumed to be reinventing the wheel through subversive sub-cultural practices that portend wider social change. This thesis examines the meanings and practices that voluntary sector staff, volunteers and young people attach to citizen empowerment, supporting the idea that NGOs can be valued and effective civic intermediaries for young people. It also advances an unfixed understanding of youth citizenship through an approach which acknowledges ambiguity in the practice and performance of citizenship for employability and empowerment alongside the promotion of resilience. It argues that youth citizenship cannot be divorced from the pervasive influence of a neoliberal consensus in mainstream UK politics, but also that this relationship supports a continuum of possible outcomes. Katz’s (2004) theory about the relationship between acts of ‘resilience’ and ‘reworking’ with acts of ‘resistance’ is employed as a means to critically interpret NGOs’ and young people’s citizenship practices. Key themes that emerge from this analysis include: the role of NGOs in supporting ‘opportunity’ and ‘process’ aspects of citizenship; how NGOs are implicated in the social reproduction of ‘differential citizenship’ through processes of professionalisation; and the coexistence of ‘active’ and ‘activist’ forms of citizenship.

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Kronzell, Mikael, i Daniel Målberg. "Corporate Citizenship på svenska". Thesis, Linköping University, Department of Management and Economics, 2002. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-1251.

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Bakgrund: Vi tycker oss kunna skönja en utveckling i Sverige där potentialen för företagens sociala ansvarstagande ökat till följd av att den traditionella trygghetsgaranten, staten, alltmer dragit sig tillbaka. Samtidigt konstaterar vi att begreppen som behandlar detta område ofta saknar konkreta förslag på vilka aktiviteter som är lämpliga för företag att ägna sig åt.

Syfte: Syftet med denna uppsats är att beskriva statens roll och den allmänna opinionen i det svenska samhället vad avser förutsättningarna för företagens sociala ansvarstagande. Genom att företrädelsevis använda teoribildningen inom Corporate Citizenship ämnar vi visa och förklara vilka konkreta möjligheter detta kan innebära för företag verkandes i Sverige.

Genomförande: Empirisk data har företrädelsevis samlats in med en postenkät riktad till 3000 individer ur den svenska allmänheten.

Resultat: Välfärdsstatens tillbakadragande har skapat ett välfärdsvakuum där medborgarnas behov inte längre till fullo tillgodoses av staten. Vår undersökning visar vidare att den svenska allmänheten ger företagen legitimitet att agera som goda Corporate Citizens. De samhällsområden som är mest lämpade för företag att ägna sig åt i detta avseende är: arbetslöshetsbekämpning, brottsbekämpning, jämställdhet, kamp mot droger/missbruk, miljöfrågor, sjukvård, utbildning och äldreomsorg. Samarbete med ideella organisationer eller staten kan vara ett sätt att få legitimitet även inom andra samhällsområden För företag som inte är konsumentnära rekommenderar vi en tydlig kompetensbaserad koppling till det sociala ansvarstagandet. För konsumentnära företag finns även möjligheter att utnyttja kopplingar i det naturliga interagerande med det lokala samhället. Vi rekommenderar vidare företag att söka genomdriva sina Corporate Citizenship-projekt på en lokal nivå. Avslutningsvis finner vi att den svenska allmänheten både är mogen för och positivt inställd till att företagen på allvar börjar kommunicera ut sitt sociala ansvartagande.

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Emery, Steven David. "Citizenship and the deaf community". Thesis, University of Central Lancashire, 2006. http://clok.uclan.ac.uk/21827/.

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The concept of citizenship has been much debated in the scholarly literature, but little has been undertaken to apply the notion to the problems faced by Deaf communities. The intention of this study is to consider whether such a concept might be a useful framework for addressing such problems and issues. The research literature on citizenship tends to be theoretical and philosophical, with little attempt to engage directly with citizens to ascertain their views and beliefs. In addition, Deaf citizens' views are rarely sought on a politically-related topic, with the tendency for involvement in small-scale research but little interaction on research findings. This thesis aims to break that mould in a unique way. Using a qualitative research approach, it combines empowering research methods along with a critical discourse analysis of the data findings. Six focus groups of Deaf citizens were set up across the UK, and a series of research consultation group meetings involving Deaf citizens was also arranged, to explore the researcher's findings from the focus groups. Ten external stakeholders were interviewed to provide a view from a policyinaker's angle. An interpretation of the data was undertaken based on the Viennese approach to critical discourse analysis - this approach begins by valuing the historical and social circumstances of a minority group, alongside the carrying out of a discourse analysis of the data. The findings indicate that normative definitions of citizenship are inadequate to effectively encapsulate Deaf citizens' experience. The concept of citizenship was discovered to have a 'hidden dimension' that is revealed by understanding the ways in which Deaf citizens interact in society. In particular, the phonocentric character of citizenship is designed to leave Deaf citizens in perpetual disadvantage. A process of renegotiation is necessary in the policy arena to begin to adequately reflect Deaf peoples' experiences as citizens of humanity.

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Nordh, Jonas. "Social citizenship and people with dementia : Designing social care policies in Sweden". Doctoral thesis, Linköpings universitet, NISAL - Nationella institutet för forskning om äldre och åldrande, 2016. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:liu:diva-131477.

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People with dementia are commonly in need of some form of social care from the social services in order to manage their everyday situations. However, social services are shaped by the construction of policy targets. The aim of this dissertation is to explore the social citizenship for people with dementia. Social citizenship for people with dementia is explored by studying how people with dementia, in policy documents, have been constructed as a target group and also by studying how policies are enacted in practice by care managers, in their work and in their meetings with people with dementia. This is illustrated by studying policy documents from national level which range over nearly 40 years and 19 interviews with care managers. It is shown that, if and when, people with dementia are visible in policy documents, they commonly have a negative construction based on their cognitive and communicative abilities, as a burden, disturbing and incapable. It is further investigated how street-level bureaucrats, in this case care managers, experience meeting with people with dementia when they apply for social services. It is shown that care-managers experience difficulties concerning this group comprised of the exchange of information between care managers and people with dementia, refusal of social services by the person, the influence of relatives and other professions as well as moral dilemmas, such as the relations between the person with dementia and their relatives. The study shows that care managers have little support from policies, e.g. legislation and guidelines, in how to handle these dilemmas, and must thus create their own local ways of handling these situations. Care managers are thus influential policy actors concerning the policy target group of people with dementia. The policy processes which this dissertation illustrates, affect the social citizenship of people with dementia. It is shown that they, to an extent, have difficulties in influencing their own everyday situation concerning social services. Finally, the policy processes, will affect their possibility to influence their social citizenship.
Personer med demenssjukdom behöver vanligtvis någon form av socialt stöd från socialtjänsten för att kunna hantera sin egen vardag. Emellertid så är socialt stöd format av konstruktionen av policymålgrupper. Syftet med denna avhandling är att undersöka det sociala medborgarskapet för personer med demenssjukdom genom att studera hur dessa personer, som policymålgrupp, har konstruerats i policydokument samt hur policys iscensätts i praktiken av biståndshandläggare inom socialtjänsten, i deras arbete och i deras möten med personer med demenssjukdom. Detta belyses genom studier policydokument på nationell nivå som spänner över nästan 40 år samt intervjuer med 19 biståndshandläggare. Studien visar att om och när personer med demenssjukdom är synliga i policydokument så har de vanligtvis en negativ konstruktion som baseras på deras kognitiva- och kommunikativa förmågor, som betungande, störande och inkapabla. Vidare undersöks i denna avhandling hur gräsrotsbyråkrater, i form av biståndshandläggare, upplever mötet med personer med demenssjukdom då de ansöker om socialt stöd från socialtjänsten. Det visas att handläggare upplever svårigheter i deras möten med denna grupp. Svårigheterna ligger i utbytet av information mellan handläggare och personen med demens, vägran från personen att ta emot stöd, inflytande från anhöriga och andra professioner samt moraliska dilemman som relationen mellan personen med demenssjukdom och anhöriga. Handläggare har lite stöd från policys, såsom lagar och riktlinjer, i hur de ska hantera dessa svårigheter och måste således hitta egna, lokala, sätt att hantera dessa situationer. Handläggare är således inflytelserika policyaktörer rörande policymålgruppen personer med demenssjukdom. De policyprocesser som avhandlingen berör påverkar det sociala medborgarskapet för personer med demenssjukdom. Det visas att de, till viss del, har svårigheter att påverka sin egen vardag i relation till stöd från socialtjänsten. Slutligen påverkar policyprocesser möjligheten för personer med demens att påverka sitt sociala medborgarskap.

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Overguard, Gregory Martin. "Citizenship under construction : student ideologies and social studies education". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/23594.

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Social studies education has always had an emphasis on citizenship, a role that grows increasingly important as our society falls under the hegemonic control of neoliberal ideology. As elite interests become embedded and misrepresented in the collective consciousness as collective interests, it becomes imperative to explore the nature of ideological development. Accountability schemes that employ standards-based reforms and high-stakes testing further entrench hegemonic social control by narrowing the curriculum, discouraging critical thinking, and eroding teachers’ autonomy. These effects are of particular concern to social studies educators. This study employed purposive sampling to identify students who were opinionated and well-versed in political and social issues. Students were interviewed from two Alberta high schools to examine their personal ideologies, their construction of a sense of democratic citizenship, and the influences that contributed to these ideological beliefs. Special attention was paid to the role of social studies curriculum and pedagogy in fostering democratic ideals. The students identified parents and school, particularly social studies, as the greatest influences on their values and opinions. They showed collectivist tendencies and placed great value on equality, but they also showed evidence of having internalized the capitalist and individualistic rhetoric of neoliberalism. These students conceived of democracy in narrow terms and identified with passive modes of citizenship and political participation. These findings also point to the hegemonic effects of neoliberal ideology. However, the contradictions and timidity of many students’ opinions indicate that their ideologies remain very much under construction. We can begin the work of creating a more democratic and equitable society by teaching social studies in ways that foster the development of critically minded, active citizens who recognize the need for social transformation.

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Park, Soon Woo. "The struggle for social citizenship in Korea 1945-1997". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2004. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/1761/.

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This thesis seeks to trace the evolution of Korean social policy within the framework of T.H.Marshall's citizenship theory. The following questions are raised: 1) does Korea have the historical and cultural foundations to secure citizenship rights. 2) has Korea followed Marshall's developmental path of citizenship rights. 3) how far did Marshall's sequence of emerging rights hold in Korea. 4) what obstacles have there been that have hindered the frill development of citizenship rights in Korea, and what kind of impacts have they had on social policy in Korea. 5) how far do the conditions necessary for frill citizenship rights and responsibilities exist today in Korea. To answer the questions, the thesis discusses first the foundations for citizenship in the pre-modem period and the consequence of Japanese colonisation. It then discusses the post-war period in more detail. The findings suggest the following: 1) Korean society had some foundations on which citizenship could have been built, but began to take a divergent path, following colonisation and subsequent American occupation. 2) Since the 1960s the society has achieved rapid industrialisation but at the expense of citizens' civil and political rights. 3) The development of social policy in Korea from the 1960s has reflected an authoritarian tradition, and hence failed to enshrine the basic principles of social citizenship. Finally, 4) the thesis challenges the existing approaches to comparative study of social policy, in particular their reference to Korean welfare programmes.

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Phillips, Louise Gwenneth. "Young children’s active citizenship : storytelling, stories, and social actions". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2010. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/38881/1/Louise_Phillips_Thesis.pdf.

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This thesis inquires into possibilities for young children‘s active citizenship as provoked through a practice of social justice storytelling with one Preparatory1 class of children aged five to six years. The inquiry was practitioner-research, through a living educational theory approach cultivating an interrelational view of existing with others in evolving processes of creation. Ideas of young children‘s active citizenship were provoked and explored through storytelling, by a storytelling teacher-researcher, a Prep class of children and their teacher. The three major foci of the study were practice, narrative and action. A series of storytelling workshops with a Prep class was the practice that was investigated. Each workshop began with a story that made issues of social justice visible, followed by critical discussion of the story, and small group activities to further explore the story. The focus on narrative was based on the idea of story as a way knowing. Stories were used to explore social justice issues with young children. Metanarratives of children and citizenship were seen to influence possibilities for young children‘s active citizenship. Stories were purposefully shared to provoke and promote young children‘s active citizenship through social actions. It was these actions that were the third focus of the study. Through action research, a social justice storytelling practice and the children‘s responses to the stories were reflected on both in action and after. These reflections informed and shaped storytelling practice. Learning in a practice of social justice storytelling is explained through living theories of social justice storytelling as pedagogy. Data of the children‘s participation in the study were analysed to identify influences and possibilities for young children‘s active citizenship creating a living theory of possibilities for young children‘s active citizenship.

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Choi, Moonsun. "Development of a Scale to Measure Digital Citizenship among Young Adults for Democratic Citizenship Education". The Ohio State University, 2015. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1437610223.

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Glazebrook, Mark, i mikewood@deakin edu au. "Exchange as a determinant in corporate citizenship : Exploratory action research into the social construction of corporate citizenship". Deakin University. School of Communication and Creative Arts, 2004. http://tux.lib.deakin.edu.au./adt-VDU/public/adt-VDU20051110.133416.

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This study attempts to achieve two things. Firstly it contextualizes corporate citizenship drawing on scholarly, government, media, legal and business discourses which when viewed as a whole, reveals the importance of exchange as a central determinant in how all the major themes or subfields of corporate citizenship function and subsequently become valued within public discourse. Secondly, it reports on exploratory action research where I as a researcher occupied a central role in understanding and contributing towards how organizational settings socially construct and evolve corporate citizenship in real time through various exchange behaviour, drawing from four years field research within BP and its interactions with the external world. This research contributes to new knowledge by building a rare contextual understanding into how cultural change evolves over time within an organization, from its public face, through policy, down into employee and stakeholder reactions, including identifying the crucial role played by Cultural bridges in shifting entrenched organizational culture towards embracing new, more sustainable ways of doing business, and additionally how practitioners can legitimately act as a researcher in facilitating this process by assisting an organization to move from simple, transactional relationships to more sustainable integrated social, financial and environmental exchange between business and its broader context. Importantly, this research develops entirely new theoretical models for understanding the social application and commercial value of corporate citizenship to both business and society.

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Majewski, Katarzyna M. "Legitimacy, community and citizenship in the EU, building social citizenship through health care in the European Union". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/MQ63335.pdf.

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Kisby, Ben. "New Labour and citizenship education : social capital, policy networks and the introduction of citizenship lessons in schools". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/dae34ee3-7bba-4666-abe7-b45a444fedb7.

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Uggmark, Henrika, i Ellinor Weise. "Påverkar personlighet graden av Organizational Citizenship Behavior?" Thesis, Kristianstad University College, Department of Behavioural Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hkr:diva-4550.

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Organizational Citizenship Behavior (OCB) kännetecknas av individuella beteenden som inte finns med i de formella arbetsuppgifterna men som främjar arbetsplatsen. Syftet med uppsatsen var att undersöka om graden av OCB påverkas av personlighet och ett antal bakgrundsvariabler i en förändringskontext. I studien, som i huvudsak baserades på forskning av Organ med kollegor, undersöktes tre olika verksamhetsområden: Försäkringskassan, tandvården och detaljhandeln. Studien utformades med en kvantitativ forskningsstrategi med tvärsnittsdesign, där insamlingen av data skedde m.h.a. en enkät. Enkäten bestod av 37 frågor uppdelade i tre delar där första delen bestod av tre bakgrundsfrågor, andra delen av tio påståenden som mätte personlighet och den sista delen av 24 frågor som mätte graden av OCB. Resultatet av studien visade att det överlag fanns en hög grad av OCB inom de undersökta verksamhetsområdena. Ett visst samband hittades mellan personlighet och de olika beteendena under begreppet OCB, och en viss skillnad i graden av OCB hittades beroende på utbildningsnivå. Eftersom det redan finns en hög grad av OCB på flera håll i arbetslivet är det viktiga inte att öka graden, utan att lära sig att få upp ögonen för beteendet och dra fördel av det.

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Abbay, Futsum. "Disability rights in Africa: towards citizenship approach". Thesis, McGill University, 2013. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=114183.

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This thesis evaluates the status of the rights of persons with disabilities in the African context drawing from international, regional and national perspectives. It assesses the adequacy and effectiveness of the existing legal frameworks in Africa for achieving the full citizenship rights of persons with disabilities. It uses the concept of citizenship to justify and advocate for the protection and promotion of the rights of persons with disabilities. The thesis begins by reviewing various theoretical and conceptual models of disability rights and the emergence of anti-discrimination rights and the duty to accommodate in various jurisdictions. It then examines significant developments in international human rights law, culminating in the coming into force of the Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities. I underscore the shift that has occurred away from a biomedical/charity model of disability towards a human rights and citizenship-based paradigm. In the African context, however, this shift has not yet occurred. I argue that the existing regional legal framework in Africa does not provide adequate legal protections and guarantees for safeguarding the human rights of persons with disabilities. The African regional human rights instruments often portray persons with disabilities as recipients of care, assistance and rehabilitation services, replicating the perspective of the individual/bio-medical model. The progress towards a human rights approach to disability rights in Africa has been very slow. I suggest that the African Union should adopt a separate and specific convention or protocol on the rights of persons with disabilities in Africa. At the national level, many African states have disability-related laws that continue to reflect attitudes rooted in the individual/bio-medical model. To date, many African states have not enacted laws that meaningfully respect and protect disability human rights. I argue that states should primarily be responsible for ensuring the full citizenship status of persons with disabilities. I maintain that persons with disabilities should be reasonably accommodated to meet their needs in all circumstances in order to attain this objective. Otherwise, eliminating the exclusion, marginalization and discrimination experienced by persons with disabilities will remain an unfulfilled dream.
Cette thèse évalue le statut des droits des personnes handicapées dans le contexte Africain, en puisant dans des perspectives internationales, régionales et nationales. Elle étudie également l'adéquation et l'efficacité des cadres légaux existants actuellement en Afrique pour établir les pleins droits civils des personnes handicapées.La thèse commence par passer en revue plusieurs modèles théoriques et conceptuels des droits des personnes handicapées et l'émergence de droits antidiscriminatoires et du devoir d'accommodation dans plusieurs juridictions. Elle examine ensuite les développements significatifs dans le droit international de la personne, culminant avec l'entrée en vigueur de la Convention relative aux droits des personnes handicapées. À cet égard, je souligne le changement qui s'est opéré en passant d'un modèle biomédical/charité vers un paradigme basé sur les droits des personnes handicapées et la citoyenneté. Dans le contexte Africain, ce changement n'a en revanche pas encore eu lieu. Je soutiens que le cadre légal régional présentement en place en Afrique n'offre pas de protection légale ou de garanties pour la protection des droits des personnes handicapées adéquates. Les instruments régionaux Africains des droits de la personne décrivent souvent les personnes handicapées comme des receveurs d'aide, d'assistance et de services de réhabilitation, reproduisant ainsi la perspective du modèle individuel/biomédical. L'évolution vers une approche des droits de la personne pour les personnes handicapées en Afrique est très lente. Je suggère que l'Union Africaine devrait adopter une convention ou un protocole séparé et spécifique aux droits des personnes handicapées en Afrique. De même, au niveau national, de nombreuses nations Africaines légifèrent des lois sur le handicap qui continuent de refléter des attitudes ancrées dans le modèle individuel/biomédical. Présentement, de nombreux pays Africains n'ont pas adopté de lois qui respectent et protègent de façon significative les droits des personnes handicapées. Je soutiens que les états devraient être principalement responsables d'assurer le plein statut de citoyen des personnes handicapées. Je maintiens que les personnes handicapées devraient être raisonnablement accommodées pour pourvoir à leurs besoins en toutes circonstances pour atteindre cet objectif. Sinon, l'élimination de l'exclusion, de la marginalisation et de la discrimination envers les personnes handicapées restera un rêve inachevé.

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Mammadova, Gunay. "Constructing the National Identity Discourse in Citizenship Education Policy: The Case of Citizenship Education in England". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-21266.

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The thesis examines the governmental construction of national identity through its citizenship education policy in England, the country with heightened tensions in diversity and identity re-construction aligning with its mandatory citizenship classes since 2002. Theoretically framing the study on the Foucauldian post-structuralism, the thesis utilises Foucauldian-influenced ‘What is the problem represented to be?’ (WPR) method by Bacchi that presents the government as a problem-producer. Conducting qualitative research methods, the study analyses the current National Curriculum in England with the explanatory and foundational state documents of Crick and Ajegbo Reports. The thesis identifies that the government primarily aims to re-construct the inclusive and integrative national identity based on the acknowledgement of multiple identities and a plurality of nations in the citizenship education curriculum in England. The study, however, also reveals that the English citizenship education policy implicitly presents a few assimilationist elements in the national identity discourse through exclusion andunrepresentativeness of the ethnic and racial identities, hierarchical establishment between native English and minorities, and the division of ‘whites’ and ‘non-whites’. Comparatively examining the documents, the thesis, therefore, concludes that the government has a powerful position in socially and politically re- constructing the discourses, concepts, and meanings over time.

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Arvidsson, Emma-Maria. "Corporate Social Responsibility and Corporate Citizenship - between Truth and Reality". St. Gallen, 2005. http://www.biblio.unisg.ch/org/biblio/edoc.nsf/wwwDisplayIdentifier/01648328001/$FILE/01648328001.pdf.

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Brickner, Rachel 1974. "Union women and the social construction of citizenship in Mexico". Thesis, McGill University, 2005. http://digitool.Library.McGill.CA:80/R/?func=dbin-jump-full&object_id=85891.

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In Latin America, women's ability to participate in the paid workforce on equal terms as men is constrained by many cultural and political obstacles, and this reinforces women's unequal citizenship status. Even though unions have rarely supported women's rights historically, and are currently losing political power in the neoliberal economic context, I argue that union women have a crucial role to play in the social struggle to expand women's labor rights. Building on theories about the social construction of citizenship, I develop an original theoretical framework suggesting that civil society acts on three levels to expand citizenship rights: the individual level (working with individuals to make them more rights-conscious), within social institutions (working to ensure that policies within social institutions actually reflect the rights of individuals), and at the level of the state, where civil society contributes to the construction of new citizenship discourses.
The framework is then applied to the Mexican case. Examining the rise of working class feminism in the context of the debt crisis and transition to economic liberalism in the 1980s, and the subsequent democratic transition in 2000, I show how these contexts led union women to participate in civil associations active at each of these three levels of citizenship construction. More specifically, this participation has been important in raising awareness of women's labor rights among women workers, challenging patriarchal union structures, and bringing the issue of women's labor rights into the debate over reform of Mexico's Federal Labor Law. I ultimately conclude that in the absence of support from a broad women's labor movement, the chances that women's labor rights will be supported by the Mexican government and Mexican unions will be low.

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Lee, Peter. "Neighbourhood trajectories and social exclusion : towards a citizenship of place". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/1314/.

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This submission develops a set of arguments around the path dependency of places – how previous policy eras shape the trajectory and outcomes of places - and the tensions between social inclusion policies and practices on the one hand and competitiveness on the other. Path dependency results from previous legacies of the built form and access and eligibility rights. The "narrative" of places, the categories and descriptions used in delineating neighbourhoods and shaping policy is also influential. A coherent line of research is demonstrated which has revolved around the definition, measurement and scale of deprivation and housing's role in social exclusion and competitiveness debates. Originally focused at household and individual level, the enquiry shifted to the role of neighbourhoods and places in terms of their "compositional" and "environmental" meaning. The thesis revolves around the concept of participation standards and the underpinning principles of citizenship arising from denial of access to relative "norms and standards". This highlights tensions in the competing goals of competitiveness and inclusion in housing and urban policy at different scales resulting in differential speeds and experiences of place. Logically this would suggest that the evolution of citizenship and participation can legitimately embrace the concept of citizenship of place.

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Zhao, Mi. "Citizenship as social representations : forging political mindedness in rural China". Thesis, London School of Economics and Political Science (University of London), 2015. http://etheses.lse.ac.uk/3224/.

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This thesis investigates social representations of citizenship in rural China. The research combines socio-cultural and political psychology to explore the transmission and appropriation of a culturally distant concept. It is assumed that knowledge transmission is contingent on communities' levels of openness and closure to the outside world, dependent on social identity and influenced by the local cultural discourses. The thesis expands the socio-cultural psychology of knowledge encounters through a model that integrates social identity and cultural discourses on the social representational process. The research consisted of a comparative field design, combining qualitative and quantitative methodologies. Using multistage sampling, semi-structured interviews and a questionnaire were conducted in five different villages in Wenzhou, China, each situated in a different position of the openness/closure continuum. Purposive sampling was used to select sites and quota sampling was used to select participants. It was found that social representations of citizenship centre on a dyad of political rights and individual rights and interests. Communities' levels of openness/closure influence people's normative evaluations of citizenship: democratic virtues are less valued in closed communities. Village leadership was found to affect people's knowledge and practice of citizenship. Identification with the shared civic identity led ordinary villagers and leaders to converge in normative evaluations. Cognitive polyphasia was found in local cultural discourses, which channel people's normative judgements and affect the representational process. Citizenship as social representations awaken people's political mind and as embodied cognition drives citizenship phenomena. While no formal knowledge of citizenship was found, rural residents regularly exercise civic rights and duties. The impact of external influence on social representations of citizenship suggests that in time modernisation will minimise regional differences. The thesis concludes that the political landscape in rural China is changing and civic education remains a pressing political issue for the people and government of China.

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Buckland, Sandra. "Political obligation, citizenship and the just war". Thesis, University of Bristol, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/1983/2ee389ef-faa1-4b31-bc55-c3e2acf4b636.

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Montoya, Angela Maria Kerpelman Jennifer L. "Living in the global village the value and development of global citizenship among youth /". Auburn, Ala, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10415/1673.

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Lawlor, Rachel A. "Citizenship and Identity". Thesis, University of Stirling, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/1893/95.

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This thesis argues that pluralism and diversity pose a more fundamental challenge to liberal constitutionalism than is sometimes recognised by liberal political theorists. While the challenges presented by moral pluralism at the philosophical level, and by cultural diversity at the socio-cultural level, have received a great deal of attention in recent political thought, the background within which these themes become salient has not always been fully acknowledged. What is new in the modern world is not so much diversity of lifestyles, but the disintegration of frameworks that traditionally provided an unproblematic basis for political authority. What this modern challenge forces us to confront then, is the idea that ‘the people’ who are subject to law, are also, as citizens, the ultimate source of political authority. I consider in detail the work of two contemporary political theorists who have provided among the most sustained and far-reaching attempts to respond to this challenge, Charles Taylor and Jürgen Habermas. Both make a significant contribution to responding to the contemporary situation of pluralism by taking on board the ‘dialogical’ nature of identity, and the role of the ‘people’ as the ultimate source of political power. However each places a heavy reliance on a privileged standpoint that may shield political judgement from the full implications of modern pluralism: Habermas, by appealing to ‘post-conventional morality’ and Taylor, by appealing to an incipient teleology.

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Uche, Innocent. "Dual Citizenship; a Divided Loyalty (A Case Study of Immigrants with Dual Citizenship in Malmo, Sweden)". Thesis, Malmö universitet, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22995.

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In the recent decades we have seen a continuous rise of dual citizenship; many states are now officially accepting it and many people are making use of this opportunity. In other states, however, dual citizenship is (still) forbidden and much contested. It is especially feared that ‘one cannot serve two masters’, that loyalty towards the nation state and thus national cohesion and democracy are undermined. Whereas, others see dual citizenship as vanguard of citizenship identities and practices above and across states, and as an important source for democratizing a globalizing world order. However, these fears and hopes regarding dual citizenship are usually built upon speculations. The actual consequences (here, especially in terms of loyalty issues) of such a dual status are not well understood due to lack of empirical data on this specific group. Thus, the case of immigrants with dual citizenship in Malmö, Sweden is used as an illustration to show how this issue of loyalty of dual citizens manifest itself in reality. This is done by analyzing and interpreting the data gathered on first generation immigrants with dual citizenship through survey and interviews (follow up); hence explanatory mixed methods. Based on the analysis, this paper offers empirical evidence on the loyalty of the immigrants with dual citizenship in Malmö to their country of residence (Sweden) and that of their country of descent.

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Lenger, Katarina, i Johanna Thorpert. "Corporate Social Responsibility : ett marknadsföringsverktyg?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2009. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-3163.

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Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) is the act of taking social responsibility above what you need to do as a corporation. It can be of social, ethical or environmental character, for example an engagement in a local school or a voluntary reduction of pollution within the business buildings. There is no global standard concerning CSR, thus creating a definition gap where organisations are free to create their own definitions of the subject. This is in turn generating validity problems. Some companies are forced to behave as responsible corporate citizens by external pressure groups, for example by negative media attention. Others, though they are not as numerous, choose to implement CSR voluntary. An absolute model of CSR does not exist, since CSR is a concept with many different definitions. There are however two extreme schools that tries to explain CSR. Some argue that CSR is in the interest of all stakeholders, while others claim that CSR is a distraction from the shareholders interest. We have selected three models in order to give an overall picture. These will not however be used to validate the reality.

We argue in our thesis that CSR can be used as a tool within the area of reputation marketing. The purpose is therefore to research this argument with accurate research methods. We conducted a qualitative survey, with a company within the business to business service sector in Sweden, and compared it with a quantitative survey amongst the company’s clients, combined with existing theories concerning CSR as a concept. This is done in order to see whether CSR has made an impact upon the clients’ selection process, whilst choosing service providers.

Our findings show that there are other, more pressing interest areas that are important for the customers within this sector of business. But as pointed out by the service company itself, CSR is not doing any harm to the company, and in the long run, the overall trend is an increase in CSR-associated activities throughout the business environment.

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Petersson, Carolinne, i Catrin Österberg. "Corporate Citizenship - ett genuint eller finansiellt intresse?" Thesis, Halmstad University, School of Business and Engineering (SET), 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hh:diva-1795.

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Bartlett, Ruth. "Meanings of social exclusion and inclusion in relation to older people with dementia in care homes". Thesis, Oxford Brookes University, 2003. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.289132.

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Young, Helen Victoria. "Ambiguous citizenship : democratic practices and school governing bodies". Thesis, University College London (University of London), 2014. http://discovery.ucl.ac.uk/10021646/.

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School governing bodies in England have considerable formal powers and responsibilities. This qualitative research study explored their concrete practices drawing on understandings of deliberative democracy and citizenship as sensitising concepts. The empirical research was broadly ethnographic and took place in two primary and two secondary maintained schools. Data was generated primarily from interviews and observations. Considering school governors from the perspectives of deliberative democracy and citizenship draws attention to ambivalences and ambiguities in their role. These ambivalences and ambiguities cover issues of agency, representation, exclusion, knowledge and a singular conception of a ‘common good’. Firstly, despite their busy-ness, governors are largely passive in relation to decision making and dissensus can be socially awkward. Consensus is underpinned by a singular conception of the ‘common good’. Secondly, the voices of certain governors are marginalised. Some governors are positioned as representatives and their constitution as partial masks the partiality of all governors. Thirdly, there are ambiguities in relation to the valuing of different knowledges. Educational knowledge is valued but also inflected by managerial knowledge. The policy emphasis on the value of managerial knowledge and measurable data tends to displace other possible ‘lay’ knowledges. Fourthly, education and governing are constituted as apolitical and there is limited discussion of educational aims, principles and values. In all this, despite policy describing governors as ‘strategic’, their work is largely technical and operates within a constrained national performative system that renders alternative conceptions of ‘good’ education unsayable or unthinkable. These ambivalences and ambiguities operate, together with a dominant discourse of skills and effectiveness, to obscure possibilities for thinking otherwise about education.

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Sandström, Tomas. "Social Identities, Citizenship, and State-building : A case study of Kosovo". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Statsvetenskapliga institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-58766.

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This paper studies the importance of acknowledging social identities in a state-building process. Kosovo is a disputed area in which several ethnic groups reside. These groups obtain extensive rights within the legal framework of the Republic of Kosovo. Although these rights are extensive and, according to some, the best laws regarding minorities in Europe there are those who do not feel an attachment to the state. Historically states have been based on single-groups in so called nation-states in which the mainstream identity of the population were synonymous with that of the state. Today the view on the state has evolved into that of a multi-cultural society in which everyone are accepted regardless of their identity (i.e. sex, ethnicity, gender and so on). The conflict of Kosovo has its base in the Albanian population within Kosovo and their struggle for recognition as a people. Their struggle throughout the 20th century culminated with the complete removal of rights by Slobodan Milošević in 1989 and the formation of the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA) in 1993. By the end of the 20th century NATO intervened in the conflict resulting in the adaptation of UN Security Council Resolution 1244 in which the future of Kosovo where determined. After being administrated by the international UN mission (UNMIK) for almost 9 years Kosovo declared its independence. Kosovo were to be a multi-ethnic state constituted of its many communities (ethnic-groups). Today there are few people who uses the term 'Kosovar', instead people still identify themselves by their ethnic-identity. This paper studies the importance of social identities and if the citizenship of Kosovo can fill the position as an overlapping identity bringing the ethnic-groups of Kosovo together. Although the conclusion is that the citizenship cannot fill this position today the study identifies several issues that, when resolved, severely increases the possibility for the Kosovo citizenship to fulfill this position.

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Espada, Joao Carlos. "Social citizenship rights : a critique of F.A. Hayek and R. Plant". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1994. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.239351.

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Hatley, Jenny. "The values of global citizenship education and implications for social justice". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2018. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/126579/.

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Target 4.7 of the Sustainable Development Goals promotes Global Citizenship Education as a vehicle to develop the skills, values and attitudes of learners so that they may work towards the resolution of the interconnected challenges facing the world today. Underpinning UNESCO’s approach to global citizenship education are ‘Universal Values’ said to apply to all people everywhere on the basis of a common humanity. I adopt the position that values act as motivators of action and that values also enable evaluation of which actions are deemed desirable and worthwhile. Which values are promoted can motivate action in directions which may serve some agendas over others. With the critique that UNESCO furthers the dominance of western powers, the role of universal values to motivate the action of global citizens towards mutual human wellbeing or towards action that serves the powerful, becomes a key area for analysis. Using a multimodal critical discourse analysis of 8 key documents within UNESCO’s Global Citizenship Education, I argue that UNESCO exhibit a controlled narrative around values and have defined the ‘appropriate’ global citizen. In so doing, UNESCO influence the subjectivities of global citizens according to UNESCO’s agenda and this furthers the agenda of western powers. Further, I argue that UNESCO’s values are abstract and divorced from social contexts. This denies recognition of alternative values and ways of doing global citizenship more suited to local contexts potentially engendering greater participation as global citizens. Drawing on Fraser’s concept of justice as Participatory Parity, I argue that UNESCO’s misrecognition of these alternatives is unjust and further that this is potentially generative of the injustices of misrepresentation and maldistribution, compounding a lack of participatory parity. I conclude that UNESCO must afford recognition to alternative values and ways of doing global citizenship such that global citizenship education becomes more socially just.

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Simpson, Mark. "The social citizenship of lone parents 2010-2015 : evolution and devolution". Thesis, Ulster University, 2016. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.686441.

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The Conservative-Liberal Democrat coalition government of 2010-2015 oversaw profound change in the nature of social citizenship - the right of the citizen to enjoy, and the duty of the state to ensure, a minimum acceptable standard of living. At the level of the UK government, the evolution of social citizenship has been driven by the principle (also central to New Labour social security policy) that paid employment is the best means of ensuring one's economic welfare and that labour market participation should, for most, be a precondition to accessing social protection. Consequently, conditions associated with the receipt of benefit have been tightened and extended to a wider range of claimant groups, penalties for non-compliance stiffened and the level of many benefits reduced. The rise of the workerist model is illustrated by an examination of the increasing conditionalisation of access to social security for lone parents, a group that until 2007 was largely exempt from compulsory 'welfare-to-work' programmes. Meanwhile, in Scotland and Northern Ireland, pressure has grown for greater devolution of social citizenship through meaningful regional control of social security, the main social right of citizenship to remain effectively centralised in 2010. Through qualitative interviews with elite actors in both regions, the thesis explores possible drivers of demand for regionalisation, including dissatisfaction with UK-Ievel developments, differences in ideologies of social citizenship and the specific circumstances of Scotland and Northern Ireland. Consideration is given to the extent to which divergence in social security policy and regionalisation of social citizenship are likely outcomes. Given the importance of opposition to aspects of coalition welfare reform policy and the associated austerity agenda in stimulating regional discontent, it is concluded that the processes of evolution and devolution are intimately linked, and are likely to remain so as further controversial policies are pursued by the new Conservative government.

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Glen, Sally. "The democratic model of evaluation : an educational form of social theory?" Thesis, University of Southampton, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.324772.

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46

Varpahovskis, Eriks. "Keeping “Outsiders” Out? Latvian “Non-Citizenship” Policy". Thesis, Malmö högskola, Fakulteten för kultur och samhälle (KS), 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mau:diva-22864.

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Stine, Anthony Philip. "Citizenship, Duty and Virtue: A Vision of Jefferson's America". PDXScholar, 2011. https://pdxscholar.library.pdx.edu/open_access_etds/316.

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In contemporary American political life, concepts such as duty to country and society often play a role in political discourse, but are often forgotten in the lives of average Americans. The life of the average citizen is focused on issues of economic survival, familial matters, and the diversions that occupy persons. Devotion to country is made an at best secondary concern for Americans. The purpose of this work is to examine the concepts of civic virtue that historically have dominated American political thought, using the writings of Thomas Jefferson and his influences as the primary source material for this effort, as well as the writings of modern western political theorists. Through this work, a conflict emerges between the values of western liberal thought and classic republicanism; to this end, a secondary purpose of this work is to reconcile those differences in an American context. Finally, a third purpose of this work is to offer a theoretical plan for re-connecting the average citizen with concepts of civic virtue through a proposal for public service.

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Kelly, Gabrielle Gita. "Biological citizenship in Blikkiesdorp : the case of the disability grant". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/71632.

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Thesis (MPhil)--Stellenbosch University, 2012.
ENGLISH ABSTRACT: This thesis examines local understandings and use of the Disability Grant in The Symphony Way Temporary Relocation Area, locally referred to as Blikkiesdorp (tin can town). The study takes an ethnographic approach and focuses particularly on a group of people accessing or seeking to access Disability Grants who formed a support group as a result of the study. Findings reveal that in a context of social and economic marginalisation, there is a high reliance on government grants for survival and a particularly high demand for Disability Grants by the unemployed in Blikkiesdorp. As social assistance in South Africa is categorically targeted at particular vulnerable groups, the majority of the unemployed of working age are not eligible for social assistance. As a result, Disability Grant recipients face significant pressure from their households and the community at large to share their grants with those who cannot find unemployment but are not catered to by the social security system. It also means that disability or illness is often valued over health. Given the use of the Disability Grant as a livelihood strategy within households and the related importance of Disability Grants to individuals and families, those who receive their grants on a temporary basis engage in a struggle to reapply for grants through performances of disability and humanitarian appeals to medical doctors who, as a result, are not only burdened by high numbers of grant applications, but also pressured to make decisions that go beyond their role as medical professionals. The analysis draws on the concept of biological citizenship to explore the relationship created between illness or disability of the bodies of marginalised citizens and the potential to access to social citizenship rights, enabled through the receipt of the Disability Grant.
AFRIKAANSE OPSOMMING: Hierdie tesis ondersoek aan die hand van ŉ etnografiese benadering plaaslike begrippe en gebruike van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag in Die Simfonieweg Tydelike Hervestigingsgebied, plaaslik bekend as Blikkiesdorp. Die studie fokus op ŉ groep mense wat die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag ontvang of probeer om daartoe toegang te verkry en wat as gevolg van hul deelname aan die studie, ŉ ondersteuningsgroep gevorm het. Die bevindinge dui daarop dat in ŉ konteks van maatskaplike en ekonomiese marginalisering, daar vir oorlewing tot ŉ groot mate op staatstoelaes staatgemaak word en dat daar spesifiek onder werkloses in Blikkiesdorp ŉ groot aanvraag vir die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag is. Maatskaplike ondersteuning in Suid-Afrika word op spesifieke kategorieë kwesbare groepe gerig en die meerderheid werkloses kwalifiseer nie vir maatskaplike ondersteuning nie. Om die rede verkeer die ontvangers van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag onder besondere druk van lede van hul huishouding en ook van ander gemeenskapslede om hul toelae te deel met werkloses wat nie deur die maatskaplike sekuriteitsisteem gedek word nie. In dié konteks gebeur dit dikwels dat ongeskiktheid of siekte bo gesondheid van waarde geag word. As gevolg van die belangrikheid van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag vir individue en hul gesinne is diegene wat hierdie toelaag op ŉ tydelike basis ontvang, betrokke in ŉ stryd om heraansoek deur die voorstelling van ongeskiktheid teenoor en humanitêre beroepe op mediese beroepslui. Hierdie beroepslui word derhalwe nie slegs belas met ŉ groot aantal aansoeke nie, maar verkeer ook onder druk om besluite te neem wat verder as hul rol as medici strek. Die konsep biologiese burgerskap word gebruik om die verband wat geskep word tussen siekte of ongeskiktheid van die liggame van gemarginaliseerde burgers en die potensiaal vir toegang tot maatskaplike burgerskapsregte deur die ontvangs van die Ongeskiktheidstoelaag, te ontleed.

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49

Arce, Gianinna Ines Munoz. "Perspectives and models of community social work : social workers' understanding and practices in social exclusion and citizenship in Chile". Thesis, University of Bristol, 2015. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.683910.

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Drawing upon the contributions of critical theory, this thesis aimed to explore perspectives and models used by social workers to address social exclusion and citizenship in Chile. Specifically, the research focused on the perspectives of social workers holding the role of coordinator of community-oriented programmes. A qualitative design using semi-structured interviews and documentary analysis informed the study. Twenty six social workers employed by two Chilean NGOs were interviewed and a number of documents related to the interventions carried out by the participants were also collected. Data produced were analysed by using thematic analysis. This research, the first of its kind in Chile, provided a number of insights for understanding the position that social workers occupy in the implementation of state policy for overcoming social exclusion. The findings indicated that most of the social workers combined diverse perspectives to understand their interventions; however, a neo-conservative approach to social exclusion appeared as the dominant perspective. A functional model of community intervention predominated in their practices, as well as a liberal idea of citizenship. A few social workers exhibited an approach closer to radical perspectives. Using professional discretion, these social workers undertook what they called 'sensitisation' models and 'deliberative' models of community practice. Notions of citizenship, closer to a critical republican approach, were found among the views of these social workers. The study identified how neoliberal rationality has impacted on Chilean social work. At the same time, it brought to light strategies employed by some social workers to oppose resistance to such an apparent hegemonic order. Drawing upon the study findings, suggestions are made with respect to the development of the Chilean social work profession from a critical perspective. The thesis also seeks to make a contribution to international social work research and debate.

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Rasell, Michael. "Social citizenship, disability and welfare provision in contemporary Russia : views from below". Thesis, University of Birmingham, 2011. http://etheses.bham.ac.uk//id/eprint/3190/.

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This thesis uses an area studies approach to examine the complex relationship between citizenship, disability and welfare provision. It does so through a bottom-up analysis of how the state welfare system affects the everyday lives of physically disabled adults in contemporary Russia. Drawing on thirteen months of qualitative fieldwork in the city of Kazan, I study how tensions between guaranteeing rights and providing care are balanced in social provision. My focus on physical disability offers a sharp insight into the socially constructed tropes of control and exclusion that can mediate experiences of citizenship and also seeks to rectify the lack of research on disabled people in non-Western contexts, especially the postsocialist region. My research is underpinned by a theoretical and methodological framework that sees ‘social citizenship’ as an explicitly relational, emotional and embodied phenomenon and therefore values lived experiences of welfare provision. Each of my four empirical chapters considers a particular dimension of citizenship: needs interpretation, livelihoods, mobility and personal agency. Together they highlight that welfare provision is not always empowering and can create powerful inequalities. At the same time, I show that citizenship is often reworked from below through actions and discourses that challenge official ideas about the capacities and needs of disabled people.

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