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Такмашева, Ирина, Irina Takmasheva, Сергей Тяглов i Sergey Tyaglov. "The Development of the Hostel Market as a Promising Area of Small Business". Bulletin of Kemerovo State University. Series: Political, Sociological and Economic sciences 2018, nr 4 (14.01.2019): 137–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.21603/2500-3372-2018-4-137-144.
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The research features the Khanty-Mansiysk hostel market as a promising area of small business. The main objective of the study is to develop practical recommendations for the opening of hostels in the city of Khanty-Mansiysk. To achieve this goal, the following problem issues were studied: foreign experience in the development of hostel market, evaluation of supply and demand for hotel business in Khanty-Mansiysk, pricing in the hotel services market, and business climate for the development of the hostel market. The authors used the methods of statistical and comparative analysis, special methods of economic analysis, as well as the method of strategic planning SWOT-analysis. As a result of the research, the authors formulated proposals for the opening of hostels in Khanty-Mansiysk. The recommendations can be used by entrepreneurs engaged in the local hotel business. The proposals can also be useful to Khanty-Mansiysk administration in developing a strategy for the social and economic development of the municipality.
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Shao, Bi Lin, Ting Meng i Wen Juan Liu. "Research on Prediction of Urumqi City Real Estate Supply and Demand Based on Gray System". Advanced Materials Research 1065-1069 (grudzień 2014): 2530–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1065-1069.2530.
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This paper takes gray prediction forecasting model as a tool to forecast the real estate market in Urumqi from development and investment, construction housing area and sale of housing area. The difference between the actual value and the predicted prediction value is small, with high accuracy. Predictive value can be reflected in the coming period of the real estate market situation in Urumqi. From the predicted results, we could know that there is a lot potential in Urumqi real estate market in next few years and investment in real estate the construction housing area, housing area of real estate sale will get a larger annual growth. In general, there will be increasing potential in the development of the real estate market in Urumqi. Meanwhile, Urumqi real estate market will tend to rationally develop under the regulation of government in the next few years.
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Bakun, Yurii, i Roman Korinets. "Analysis of the peculiarities of the market demand of agricultural producers for advisory services in Ukraine". Ekonomika APK 311, nr 9 (28.09.2020): 72–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.32317/2221-1055.202009072.
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The purpose of the article is to analyze the peculiarities of the market demand of agricultural producers for advisory services in Ukraine Research methods. The theoretical basis of the article was the dialectical method of cognition and systematic method for research of peculiarities of the market demand for advisory services in Ukraine. The main methods of the article were: questionnaire and comparative analysis. Research results. The choice of producers for the questionnaire was fulfilled on two criteria: the size of the land use area and geographical location. The four most significant groups of agricultural producers for the research were identified: large agricultural enterprises (with a land use area of 5000 ha and above), medium-sized agricultural enterprises (500 to 5000 ha), farms (50 to 500 ha) and small producers (small farms and owners of land shares – from 2 to 50 ha). The selection of a retrospective sample of representatives of agricultural enterprises for the questionnaire have been substantiated to ensure the reliability of the research. The peculiarities of the market demand of agricultural producers for advisory services was carried out on the basis of the questionnaire method and polling method. Scientific novelty. The differentiated approach to the provision of advisory services have been proposed depending of peculiarities of the market demand for it by agricultural producers. Practical significance. Differentiation of the list of advisory services and methods of their provision, depending of features of market demand for them, will promote to increase both the effectiveness of advisory services and the efficiency of economic and personal activities of agricultural producers.
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Wood, P. A., J. Bryson i D. Keeble. "Regional Patterns of Small Firm Development in the Business Services: Evidence from the United Kingdom". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 25, nr 5 (maj 1993): 677–700. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a250677.
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The growth of business services in the United Kingdom during the 1980s is reviewed, and especially the role of small firms. Reports the results of an intensive questionnaire survey, undertaken in 1991, of a sample of small management consultancy and market research companies in three areas; inner London, the outer south east, and north west England. In interpreting the demand and supply characteristics of these firms, emphasis is placed on their interactions with the internal labour market strategies of predominantly large client organisations. Generally, the sample firms offer consultancy and marketing expertise which such clients do not provide from their own skill resources. Their founders were also often originally employees of such organisations, especially outside London. Regional economic and social characteristics mould the activities of these firms, even though many engage in a significant degree of interregional trade. The markets served, types of specialisation, the originating process, and the ages of founders show marked differences between the two sectors and the three areas.
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Silva, Cátia, Pedro Faria i Zita Vale. "Demand Response and Distributed Generation Remuneration Approach Considering Planning and Operation Stages". Energies 12, nr 14 (16.07.2019): 2721. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12142721.
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The need for new business models to replace existing ones, soon obsolete, is a subject often discussed among researchers in the area. It is essential to find a practical solution that includes the concepts of demand response and distributed generation in the energy markets, these being the future of the electricity grid. It is believed that these resources can bring advantages to the operation of the system, namely increasing technical efficiency. However, one of the problems is the aggregation of small resources as a result of the associated uncertainties. The authors propose a business model with three main phases used in planning: optimal scheduling, aggregation, and remuneration. In this paper, a new phase was added, the classification, with the main purpose of assisting the aggregator of these small resources in operating situations. The focus is on the fair remuneration of participants in the management of the market, in addition to minimizing operating costs. After testing four different remuneration methods, it was proved that the method proposed by the authors obtained better results, proving the viability of the proposed model.
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Tahir, Zubair, i Khalid Riaz. "Integration of Agricultural Commodity Markets in Punjab". Pakistan Development Review 36, nr 3 (1.09.1997): 241–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.30541/v36i3pp.241-262.
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Efficiency of resource allocation in agriculture depends on the functioning of commodity markets. Although the larger markets that are better connected with the transport and communication network are expected to be well-integrated, the same cannot be said about the smaller, more remote markets. This paper tests integration of agricultural commodity markets in Southeastern Punjab. The region is located off the main trading axis of Pakistan, the Peshawar-Karachi highway, and is mostly served by relatively small markets known as mandis. This study focuses on markets for cotton, wheat, and rice in five towns in the region. Cotton and wheat are the main crops in the area while rice is mostly grown as part of crop rotation aimed at controlling salinity. The analytical framework developed by Ravallion was used to conduct tests of market integration for the three selected commodities. Within this framework, it is possible to test for short-run integration, long-run integration or complete market segmentation. The results indicate that, generally, markets are integrated only in the long run, with short-run integration limited to some special cases. Moreover, the smaller markets are more likely to be isolated as compared to the larger markets. The small markets also take longer to fully adjust to the price shock originating from a more dominant central market. Finally, in the case of rice, it is more likely that a market would be isolated if it were small. This implies that farmers’ incentives to grow rice as a means of combating salinity may be constrained by local demand conditions.
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Rahmah, Devi Maulida, Fahmi Rizal i Sarinarulita Rosalinda. "The Changes on Scale-Up Agriculture Business Transformation Process in Rural Area". Journal of Industrial and Information Technology in Agriculture 1, nr 1 (13.08.2017): 24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24198/jiita.v1i1.13320.
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This study aims to identify the changes in Scale-up Business Transformation Process in PT Malabar Kopi Indonesia. PT Malabar Kopi Indonesia is the largest coffee processing business unit in West Java, established in 2005. Initially, this coffee business was categorized to household-scale coffee processing business (Small enterprise scale) and currently the company has become a coffee processing business unit that exports coffee to various countries. The development of this business is eligible to be identify the business changes occured. This study was conducted through field observation and deep interview. The data were analyzed through historical analysis. Through historical analysis approach, all details in innovation process conducted by PT Malabar Kopi will be explained.The results show that the changes on scale-up transformation process is divided into 4 terms, namely product changes, process changes, technological changes, and organizational changes. Product changes occurred four times along the business established. Initially, the company produced cherry bean as the main product on 2005. Changes occurred due to the company's desire to meet the market demand and increase value-added of products on 2009, when started producing green bean and roasted bean. In 2014 they started producing instant coffee and increased the production quantity of Green bean and roasted bean to meet the international market through exporting activity. The Process changes occurred 4 times, it closely related to the product changes. The changes from wet process to dry process occurred on 20014 due to the company target which focused to export market. The change also occurred on 2017 when the dry process moved to the natural process due to the domestic market become the targeted on this year. Shortly, the process chanced occurred based on the market will be targeted. The Technological changes helped the company to get the good quality and quantity of product. In term of the organizational changes, it become the basic change to get the market expansion. Especially in 2014, in the initially formed of company that categorized into small and medium scale enterprises moved to large scale enterprise. Marked by the transformation into a limited liability company (PT). The changes that occur have an impact on the networking opportunity and develop a broader business. Here is the historical change of business form.
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Anbuchelvi, M. "Import and Export of Small Cardamom in India". Shanlax International Journal of Arts, Science and Humanities 7, nr 1 (1.07.2019): 97–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.34293/sijash.v7i1.561.
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Indian Small Cardamom is famous in the world over decades for its’ quality, colour and standards. However, India imports Cardamom from other countries for various reasons such as high price in the domestic market, bulk seasonal and festival demand for Cardamom from North India. Countries like Guatemala with a wide area of plantations with naturally conducive weather and climate paves the way for mass production of Cardamom at a lower cost. This has resulted in the mixing of those lesser quality cardamoms with higher quality Cardamom produce in India. Moreover, there are many illegal routes with which Guatemala Cardamom is smuggled into India. Export of Cardamom has several formalities and procedures to be followed. The State and Central Government have regulated the import and export of cardamom to various countries in the world. There are several distributing channels of Cardamom with auction centres, wholesaler, retailer and other intermediaries through which the Cardamom reaches the customers in India and abroad. The international market for Indian Cardamom is competitive as more countries try to dump their product. But there is ample scope for Indian Cardamom to rule in the Global Market.
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Casolino, Giovanni M., i Arturo Losi. "Load Areas in Radial Unbalanced Distribution Systems". Energies 12, nr 15 (6.08.2019): 3030. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en12153030.
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The demand becoming flexible is a requirement for the full exploitation of renewable energy sources. Aggregation may foster the provision of flexibility by small-scale providers connected to distribution grids, since it allows offering significant flexibility volumes to the market. The aggregation of flexibility providers is carried out by the aggregator, a new market role and possibly a new market player. Location information of individual flexibility providers is necessary for both the aggregator and the system operators, in particular, the Distribution System Operator (DSO). For the former, information should allow treating a high number of individual flexibility providers as a single provider to offer significant flexibility volumes to the markets; for the latter, the information should ensure an adequate visibility of the connection of the individual providers to the grid. In the paper, the concept of Load Area (LA) is recalled, which combines the needs of location information of the aggregator and of the DSO. A method for the identification and modeling of LAs for the general case of unbalanced radial systems is proposed. The results of the methods’ application to two studied unbalanced networks are presented, showing the effectiveness and viability of the proposed approach.
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Findeis, Jill L., James S. Shortle i Virginia M. Kibler. "Measuring the Primary Impacts of Severance Taxation: A Spatial Equilibrium Approach". Northeastern Journal of Agricultural and Resource Economics 17, nr 1 (kwiecień 1988): 15–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0899367x00001598.
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A spatial equilibrium model is used to quantify the effects of a severance tax on the Pennsylvania coal market. Two regions are identified: the Pennsylvania Market Area and an import/export region. The impacts on prices and quantities of coal supplied and demanded are found to be small. Little of the tax is exported from Pennsylvania, with a high proportion of the tax being passed back to Pennsylvania coal producers. Although the tax revenue exceeds the welfare losses in Pennsylvania, this result is very sensitive to the magnitude of the Pennsylvania own-price demand elasticity.
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Vasylchenko, N. V. "Organic production of the fruit and small fruit products as the perspective direction in the horticulture of the Sum region". Horticulture: Interdepartment Subject Scientific Collection, nr 75 (2020): 228–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.35205/0558-1125-2020-75-228-234.
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The state of organic fruit and small fruit products market in the Sumy region, which has been analyzed in the article, both in Ukraine and as a whole, has a positive development dynamics, because the society demands healthy food and preserving the environment. The organic horticulture of Sumy region deserves special attention and urgency, since it produces high-quality vitamin products and has a natural and economic potential to increase the share of both small fruit and fruit products. The factors have been determined under the influence of which the assortment market policy is formed. The formation of the organic products market in Ukraine and the Sumy region in particular is formed mainly to thanks external factors. The structure of the regional organic horticultural products market is due to the global trends and willingness of Sumshchyna producers to develop new segments. The internal factors include the growing demand for healthy food and improving living standards. The data about the number of operators of the regional market of organic products, are elucidated as well as their organizational and legal form and scope of activity. The production of the organic small fruit products in the region has appeared to be carried out by economic entities of different organizational and legal management forms. That has enabled to identify the problematic aspects and determine the areas of their support by the state. The problem aspects of functioning of operators of the organic fruit and small fruit market and prospects of their further development are defined. The successful model of the organic small and medium businesses in the horticulture field is the search for a potential consumer, and then direct manufacturing. At the state and regional level, attention should be paid not only to the organic market operators, but also to stimulating consumer demand for the organic products. The stimulation of the close cooperation of the agricultural education institutions in the Sumy region with the enterprises will provide training in the organic production field and solve the major problem of the organic market operators – staffing.
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Ahmad Mokhtar, Hamim Syahrum, Izwayu Abdul Aziz i Noraziyah Md Hilal. "Corporate demand for general takāful in Malaysia". ISRA International Journal of Islamic Finance 9, nr 2 (4.12.2017): 164–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijif-08-2017-0024.
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Purpose This study on corporate demand for general takāful (Islamic insurance) aims to identify potential growth areas and areas for improvement in takāful business practices in Malaysia. Design/methodology/approach A survey on corporates’ protection needs, takāful/insurance coverage obtained and awareness on takāful/insurance was conducted for this paper. Findings The findings from the survey are as follows: There is potential for takāful operators to further penetrate the corporate sector, as the majority of respondents indicated willingness to spend on takāful/insurance. Emphasis on takāful value propositions apart from its Sharīʿah compliance status is needed to attract corporates, as respondents were found to be indifferent on Sharīʿah compliance status of their protection. Strong market presence, expanded product offerings and efficient services were key determinants to attract takāful subscription. Respondents’ heavy reliance on intermediaries warrants strong collaboration with intermediaries to widen market outreach. The small and medium enterprises segment appeared promising, as it is found to be underserved despite having higher propensity to obtain takāful/insurance coverage compared to the overall respondents. Research limitations/implications This study is limited to Malaysia’s experience. The findings are indicative (though they may not be conclusive) of the target segment as well as the takāful industry as a whole. Originality/value The insights on respondents’ considerations when obtaining takāful/insurance coverage and the correlation of these factors with respondents’ characteristics can assist takāful/insurance providers in structuring products and business strategies to better serve this market segment. The paper may also aid discussions among researchers and regulators on areas for further development of the industry.
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Souza-Fabjan, Joanna M. G., Ribrio I. T. P. Batista, Lucas F. L. Correia, Maria Teresa Paramio, Jeferson F. Fonseca, Vicente J. F. Freitas i Pascal Mermillod. "In vitro production of small ruminant embryos: latest improvements and further research". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, nr 2 (2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd20206.
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This review presents the latest advances in and main obstacles to the application of invitro embryo production (IVEP) systems in small ruminants. This biotechnology is an extremely important tool for genetic improvement for livestock and is essential for the establishment of other biotechnologies, such as cloning and transgenesis. At present, the IVEP market is almost non-existent for small ruminants, in contrast with the trends observed in cattle. This is probably related to the lower added value of small ruminants, lower commercial demand and fewer qualified professionals interested in this area. Moreover, there are fewer research groups working on small ruminant IVEP than those working with cattle and pigs. The heterogeneity of oocytes collected from growing follicles in live females or from ovaries collected from abattoirs remains a challenge for IVEP dissemination in goats and sheep. Of note, although the logistics of oocyte collection from live small ruminant females are more complex than in the bovine, in general the IVEP outcomes, in terms of blastocyst production, are similar. We anticipate that after appropriate training and repeatable results, the commercial demand for small ruminant invitro-produced embryos may increase.
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Souza-Fabjan, Joanna M. G., Ribrio I. T. P. Batista, Lucas F. L. Correia, Maria Teresa Paramio, Jeferson F. Fonseca, Vicente J. F. Freitas i Pascal Mermillod. "In vitro production of small ruminant embryos: latest improvements and further research". Reproduction, Fertility and Development 33, nr 2 (2021): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/rd20206.
Pełny tekst źródłaStreszczenie:
This review presents the latest advances in and main obstacles to the application of invitro embryo production (IVEP) systems in small ruminants. This biotechnology is an extremely important tool for genetic improvement for livestock and is essential for the establishment of other biotechnologies, such as cloning and transgenesis. At present, the IVEP market is almost non-existent for small ruminants, in contrast with the trends observed in cattle. This is probably related to the lower added value of small ruminants, lower commercial demand and fewer qualified professionals interested in this area. Moreover, there are fewer research groups working on small ruminant IVEP than those working with cattle and pigs. The heterogeneity of oocytes collected from growing follicles in live females or from ovaries collected from abattoirs remains a challenge for IVEP dissemination in goats and sheep. Of note, although the logistics of oocyte collection from live small ruminant females are more complex than in the bovine, in general the IVEP outcomes, in terms of blastocyst production, are similar. We anticipate that after appropriate training and repeatable results, the commercial demand for small ruminant invitro-produced embryos may increase.
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Couch, C. "Aspects of Structural Change in Speculative Housing Production: A Case Study in Merseyside". Environment and Planning A: Economy and Space 20, nr 10 (październik 1988): 1385–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1068/a201385.
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In this paper I describe, and attempt to provide explanations for, changes in the structure of speculative-housing production in Wirral, in Merseyside, from 1971 to 1985. I begin with a description of the changing structure of the industry nationally, noting particularly the trend towards seller concentration. Differences between these national trends and those pertaining to Wirral are reported, including the increase in the market dominance of local small firms. I then consider local variations in market characteristics and those in production which may account for these differences. I conclude that this divergence is most probably explained by a relative decline in local housing demand and by changes in the local land market, both of which make investment in the area less attractive to large national housebuilding firms.
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Ouyang, Jiani, Hong Fan, Luyao Wang, Mei Yang i Yaohong Ma. "Site Selection Improvement of Retailers Based on Spatial Competition Strategy and a Double-Channel Convolutional Neural Network". ISPRS International Journal of Geo-Information 9, nr 6 (27.05.2020): 357. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9060357.
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The issue of site selection has become a critical challenge in the development of the retail industry with the growth of the Chinese economy and the improvement in the level of household consumption. Previous studies have considered the area of stores as the main factor of retail competition; however, the actual business performance of different stores in these studies was ignored. In addition, few studies have considered the differences in the spatial distribution of the factors of site selection. In this study, we discuss the improvement of site selection of small retail shops. A spatial competition index model was proposed as one of the features in estimating region market potential, and a market demand regression model of a double-channel convolutional neural network (CNN) was constructed based on the spatial correlation range of features. The study area was Guiyang, China. The experiments were based on the monthly sales data of fast-moving consumer goods retail stores in Guiyang. On the basis of the estimated results of the model, 18 sites with high potential for market demand were recommended. The performance of the proposed model was the best among well-known regression methods. Moreover, in comparison with a single-channel CNN, the proposed model decreased the root mean square error by 22.61%. Evaluation results showed that the proposed method could provide effective decision support for the issue of retail site selection.
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Zastocki, Dariusz, Jarosław Oktaba i Hubert Lachowicz. "Changes in the Market of Precious Wood: A Case Study of Submission System in Poland". Forests 12, nr 4 (1.04.2021): 421. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/f12040421.
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A timber market occupies a very particular position within the economic reality. Trading of commodities such as precious timber is, indeed, strongly conditioned by the carrying capacity and the silvicultural potential of the forest ecosystem. Timber markets in Poland are characterized by a controlling position of the State Forests, and one of the possible forms of wood sale is the system of submission. A submission usually implies that small quantities of wood with unusual features are being offered to a specific group of customers. The paper presents the sale results and prices of veneer wood commercialized in submission systems and in other forms of timber sale in the territory of Krosno during the years 2000−2019. It is one of the oldest submission markets in Poland, where the most expensive log ever in Poland was sold (13,000 USD/log—close to 7000 USD/m3). The Regional Directorate of State Forest (RDSF) of Krosno is located in the south-eastern part of Poland and manages a forest area of approximately 400,000 hectares. Annual timber harvesting amounts to 2 million m3, of which less than 2000 m3 annually is allocated to the submissions. The data cover a 20-year continuous time series and allow tracing changes in the wood volume offered to the market, the species population structure, and price trends for individual species. The data are being discussed against the background of the economic situation and in relation to the average prices obtained from other methods of sale. Beech was the most sold, but the demands for oak and sycamore appeared to be particularly high during the period of observation. The unity prices can be very variable even for wood from the same species, especially for sycamore. The prices are generally demand-driven and show strong influences from furniture industries and fashion. A rising demand for high quality timber and logs of big dimensions has been noticed. The submission system results in substantial economic benefits for the forest management and the region as a whole.
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Fenta, Berhanu Amsalu, Kassay Negash, Kidane Tumssa, Tigist Shiferaw, Dagmawit Tsegaye, Rubyogo Jean Claude i Clare Mugisha Mukankusi. "Demand Driven Common Bean Variety Development and Promotion for Enhanced Productivity and Production". Proceedings 36, nr 1 (2.04.2020): 139. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/proceedings2019036139.
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Common bean research program of Ethiopia aimed at development of demanded variety for enhanced adoption, improve food and nutrition security as well as to boost income of smallholder farmers thereby enhancing foreign earnings of the country. To achieve these aim, the breeding program use different strategies. These incudes, importing demanded variety and fast-track testing release, introducing bean germplasm and release stable variety and participatory variety selection for incorporating growers traits on variety selection. Accordingly, bean improvement program selected six major bean products that includes, small/large white beans, speckled bean, small/large reds and mottled beans. During variety selection stakeholders’ choice and trait of preference has been incorporated during interactive consultative forums of the value chain actor at bean innovation multi-stakeholder platform. Apart from bean variety development, integrated crop management technologies has been developed to implement good agricultural practice. To facilitate common variety adoption, bean seed system have been enhanced through integration of early generation seed production with formal and informal seed production of public and private seed producers. These efforts has enhanced transformed productivity from 0.7 to 1.5 t/ha and area expanded from 150,000 ha to 520,121 ha and total production up to 568,243 t. Due to this fact bean export has been increased up to 100–150 million USD per annum. Generally, the demand led breeding and value chain approach, synergetic and innovative technology generation and promotion has transformed bean productivity, area produced and market; consecutively livelihood of growers and income of the country has been enhanced.
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Habash, Riadh W. Y., Voicu Groza, Yue Yang, Charles Blouin i Pierre Guillemette. "Performance of a Contrarotating Small Wind Energy Converter". ISRN Mechanical Engineering 2011 (27.06.2011): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.5402/2011/828739.
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Responding to more demand in coming years, the task of the small wind energy industry requires progress on several fronts—the public policy initiatives, technology development, and market growth. One important issue of the wind energy utilization is the conversion efficiency of the usable energy into productive power. Enhanced technologies such as contrarotating blades, gearbox and lubrication, airfoils, generators, and power electronics will lower cost and increase energy production. The purpose of this paper is, therefore, to reinforce the effectiveness of employing contrarotating system to enhance the performance of a small wind energy converter (SWEC). With this concept, the SWEC works more efficiently and therefore produces more energy in a unit turbine area. To verify the SWEC performance, a research model has been built and tested over a range of operating conditions. Wind tunnel tests were carried out to ascertain the overall performance of the contrarotating SWEC. Results are presented for cases of different wind speeds and Reynolds number. The results demonstrated a significant increase in wind energy conversion efficiency and capability of operation at lower wind speeds while keeping up performance compared to a single-rotor system of the same type.
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Floriš, Norbert, i Pavol Schwarcz. "Evaluation of Small and Medium-Sized Enterprises Operating in Short Supply Chains Within Slovak School Programmes". Acta Regionalia et Environmentalica 16, nr 1 (1.05.2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/aree-2019-0001.
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Abstract Despite of reduction of its share on the gross domestic product, agriculture remains a branch generating job opportunities in rural areas. However, through more intensive farming procedures, it puts a pressure on environment and sustainability of agricultural production and prolongs the distance of distributed goods. Reduction of the mentioned impacts is possible through shortening the food supply chain subsequently resulting in increase of local sale, demand for local services and increase of labour market, putting an emphasis on support of small and medium – sized enterprises and their economic viability improvement. This paper evaluates the performance of small and medium enterprises and micro-enterprises which applied for the support and supplied and distributed fruits, vegetables, milk and milk products to kindergartens and primary schools within the School Fruits and Vegetables and the School Milk programme. We suppose that through supplying local schools they contributed to the food supply chain shortening.
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Reddy, A. Amarender, S. S. Raju, A. Suresh i Pramod Kumar. "Analysis of pearl millet market structure and value chain in India". Journal of Agribusiness in Developing and Emerging Economies 8, nr 2 (4.06.2018): 406–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/jadee-02-2016-0007.
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Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine the market structure and value chain of pearl millet grain and fodder in India. There is a decline in demand for human consumption, with an increase in demand for non-food uses like cattle and poultry feed, raw material for starch and breweries industry. This paper explores alternative channels, uses and value chains of pearl millet grain and fodder. The paper examines in what ways small farmers can benefit from the evolving alternative uses for pearl millet grain in cattle and poultry feed industry, breweries and starch industry. The paper also analyses the impact of aggregators in increasing the efficiency of the value chain. Design/methodology/approach The study collected primary data from farmers, traders, commission agents and exporters and importers with innovative marketing channels with aggregators (Self-Help Groups) and without aggregators to analyze the prospects for improvements in marketing channels and value chain. Findings Given that the production of pearl millet is scattered and thin, there is a lot of scope for market aggregators to increase scale economies to reduce market costs to supply in bulk to food and industrial uses. Although there was some demand for human consumption high-quality grain, most of the future demand will come from cattle and poultry feed industry, breweries and starch industry. To tap these larger potentials, farmers need to aggregate their produce and ensure regular supply in bulk quantity at least to compete the cost with alternative grains like maize and broken rice. Research limitations/implications The research is based on the field-level data collection and observations obtained from Western India. This paper provides insights how the value chain of pearl millet is working and what improvements are needed to make value chain more efficient and inclusive. Although the results are applicable to similar neglected crops and area, more caution is needed. Social implications Through the formation of farmer aggregators, farmers can enhance their bargaining power vis-a-vis industry. Originality/value Till now, there is no study that explored the pearl millet value chain in detail in India, and the paper tries to fill this literature gap.
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Joyce, K. E., K. E. Smith, C. Sullivan i C. Bambra. "‘Most of industry's shutting down up here. . .’: Employability Initiatives to Tackle Worklessness in Areas of Low Labour Market Demand". Social Policy and Society 9, nr 3 (1.06.2010): 337–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s1474746410000060.
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Employability initiatives are becoming increasingly popular in government discourse as a means of tackling worklessness. Here we discuss the findings of a small-scale, qualitative study which mapped the impacts of a multi-intervention programme on participants’ health, wellbeing and employability. Each of the 13 interventions was independently appraised through focus groups or semi-structured interviews. Thematic analyses revealed that participants from all interventions reported increased self-confidence, with several individuals suggesting that project involvement had facilitated their movement into the labour market. While the findings illustrate some positive outcomes, we argue that government policy needs to consider more carefully strategies that also address the demand side of the labour market.
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Anastasia, Njo, i Fabian Hidayat. "HUBUNGAN INDEKS HARGA PROPERTI RESIDENSIAL DAN KREDIT PERBANKAN". EKUITAS (Jurnal Ekonomi dan Keuangan) 3, nr 1 (3.12.2019): 95–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.24034/j25485024.y2019.v3.i1.3998.
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Demand and supply in housing market depends on macroeconomic conditions such as Gross Domestic Product, interest rates, and housing prices. Changes to these variables are related to changes in housing market. This study aims to examine the relationship of housing prices, Gross Domestic Product, mortgage interest rate to Banking Credit. Knowing the relationship will be useful in making strategic decisions related to property investment and portfolio management. Housing price using Residential Price Index in primary market will be grouped into three parts based on land area of residential property consist of small house type, medium house type, and big house type. Data processing using Auto Regressive Distribution Lag (ARDL) bound test model to test the relationship between variables. The result of the research shows that there is a significant long run cointegration on the variable of housing price, Gross Domestic Product, and mortgage interest to banking credit. Furthermore, in testing each housing price group, the test results also show the relationship between these variables.
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Aisy, Karlina Rahdatul, Saffanah Zhahirah Aflah, Diana Azkiawati i Dedi Hantono. "PERGERAKAN PASAR KAGET RUSUNAWA MARUNDA JAKARTA UTARA". BORDER 2, nr 1 (30.06.2020): 45–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.33005/border.v2i1.39.
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The increasing needs of daily life is certainly involve the market. The market is one of place for business opportunities for traders, the majority of which have small businesses. As the number of consumer demand increases for the necessities of life, then formed a market known as the 'shocking market'. It named “shocking” market because the market is temporary with traders who are always moving locations to find a crowded point of buyers. The activity is only for some time and lasts only a few hours. Usually this shocking market stands at a place that has other functions, such as a sidewalk or open field that has a potential point of bustling buyers in the surrounding environment. The shocking market presence can be assessed through its movement patterns, in which the movement patterns of traders by means of groups and at certain times are the background of this study. The presence of the shock market was reviewed in order to uncover the pattern of movement of traders in the shock market in the Marunda Rusunawa area. The method used is a qualitative rationalistic method, with interview and observation techniques in the field. The results of this study shows the movement pattern of the shocking market traders in Marunda Rusunawa and the reasons behind them moving in groups.
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Hillier, A. P. "The Sean North, Sean South and Sean East Fields, Block 49/25a, UK North Sea". Geological Society, London, Memoirs 20, nr 1 (2003): 825–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.1144/gsl.mem.2003.021.01.69.
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AbstractSean North, Sean South and Sean East are small prolific gas fields located on the Indefatigable Shelf in the Southern North Sea. They, like most of the other fields in the area, have a Carboniferous source, a Rotliegend aeolian sandstone reservoir and a Zechstein evaporite cap rock. Sean North and South have been developed to fulfil a peak-shaving role, being produced for only a few days per year in times of high gas demand when they can produce at rates of up to 600 MMSCF/D. East Sean is sold to the direct market. Reserves for the fields are 234 BCF (North), 488 BCF (South) and 127 BCF (East).
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Muneeza, Aishath. "Establishment of Islamic capital market in jurisdictions with limited Islamic financial services". International Journal of Law and Management 60, nr 2 (12.03.2018): 373–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/ijlma-12-2016-0146.
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Purpose It is said that to establish an Islamic Capital Market, the first step would be to have a strong Islamic finance industry with numerous institutions offering Islamic financial services. This way it is easy to know that the demand for Islamic capital market would be there and that market will be sophisticated enough to comprehensive the nature of shariah compliant products. Generally, in most of the jurisdictions, this is how the Islamic capital market is created. The purpose of this paper is to understand the establishment of Islamic capital market in Maldives, small island nation where the establishment of Islamic capital market happened when at a time there was only one takaful company and one Islamic bank established. Design/methodology/approach This paper is a legal exploratory research that is based on the review of primary and secondary data available on the subject matter. Findings It is anticipated that this paper will provide assistance and inspiration to those jurisdictions that aims to create Islamic capital market from scratch. Originality/value It shall be noted that there are no literature available on this subject about Maldives, and as such, this paper can be starting point to preserve knowledge in this area.
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Raftowicz, Magdalena, Magdalena Kalisiak-Mędelska i Mirosław Struś. "Redefining the Supply Chain Model on the Milicz Carp Market". Sustainability 12, nr 7 (7.04.2020): 2934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12072934.
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The growing demand for cheap food is a key factor in maintaining long supply chains. Increasing the distance between the producer and the consumer results not only in certain problems in maintaining profitability by small, local producers, but also in a threat to food safety. One way to counteract these adverse effects is to sell food through short supply chains. They shape the market in the direction of maintaining care for the sustainable development of all food production, but above all, maintaining and strengthening the production capacity ensuring the transparency of the high-quality food production process from an identifiable source of origin. The purpose of this article is to indicate the conditions on the side of both carp producers and consumers, conducive to building short supply chains, and determine whether they can be an effective alternative sales model in Polish conditions. The article focuses on the possibilities of developing short supply chains on the carp market in the Barycz Valley, concentrating the largest area of carp ponds in Europe. The research (surveys) included the five largest fishing farms and, on the recipient side, individual consumers and restaurants located in the Barycz Valley and Wrocław, and agritourism facilities in the researched area. The obtained results confirmed that short supply chains in the area of Polish aquaculture are characterized by high implementation potential. However, it is necessary to modify the current sales model so that the producers’ expectations regarding the sales volume and the obtained price are balanced with the expectations of consumers articulating the will to buy fish at a given time, place, and price. This, in turn, will ensure the high economic efficiency of fishing farms, and consumers will have access to a high-quality product.
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Belgibayeva, A. S., A. Zh Mussina i M. A. Volokhova. "Labor market trends in Akmola region of Kazakhstan". Problems of AgriMarket, nr 1 (15.03.2021): 163–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.46666/2021-1-2708-9991.20.
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The purpose of the study is to examine main trends and phenomena on labor market in agriculture. In the process of studying this problem, it was revealed that most of the employed population of the region lives in rural areas. It has been determined that at present the rural labor market is characterized by decrease in the number of employed in agricultural sector of economy, deterioration in the quality parameters characterizing the use of labor, discrepancy between the level of competence of specialists and the demands of expanded reproduction and efficiency of labor resources, and growing imbalance in the demand and supply of qualified workers. It has been determined that in conditions of unemployment in rural areas, the increased shortage of professional personnel in the main mass specialties in agro-industrial production has been noted among residents. The analysis of the structure of the employed in Akmola region was done, which showed significant differences between employment in urban and rural areas. A negative trend is shown which is associated with increase in proportion of the population, whose age exceeds the working age, in the total population of the village. Comparative analysis of sectoral structure of rural employment showed a decrease in the share of people who are employed in agriculture. In the course of the study, the main reasons for the rural population flow to the city have been determined. The main factors contributing to the return of skilled workers to agricultural sector are indicated. Priority areas of labor supply for rural residents have been identified, the most important of which are the development of small and medium-sized businesses in rural areas, as well as self-employment in private households. A number of measures aimed to increase the effectiveness of functioning of labor market in rural areas are proposed.
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Sari, Septi Novita, I. Dewa Nyoman Nurweda, Elok Faiqoh i I. Nyoman Giri Putra. "Kajian Pengembangan Budidaya Ikan Kerapu dan Rumput Laut di Perairan Timur Pulau Serangan". Journal of Marine Research and Technology 2, nr 2 (6.08.2019): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.24843/jmrt.2019.v02.i02.p01.
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Aquaculture in Indonesia is able to contribute more than 80% of state money in 2012 contributed USD 5.9 billion. Aquaculture of various commodities has fulfilled the needs of both domestic and international markets. Various areas in Bali have contributed in contributing fisheries production one example is the island of Serangan. Serangan northern island area, has been used as a center for fishery cultivation of floating net floating net (KJA) of Fish and Seaweed in small scale. The main commodities of marine aquaculture in Serangan that are now developed are various types of Ornamental Fish, Sea Horse, Fish Beronang, Grouper Fish and Lobster. In addition to marine aquaculture, seaweed cultivation has grown the region is one type of Euchema cottoni. Current conditions, in the northern Attic has been dense with the existing tourism around the KJA. So that causes the condition of sea traffic in the northern waters is quite crowded so it can affect the cultivation activity. It is known that the income of the community. The biggest and biggest attack is the income from the cultivation fishery. In order to maintain existing cultivation and to meet market needs. So the author aims to examine the study of the suitability of location for the cultivation, especially seaweed and grouper, because the market demand of these two commodities is very high. The expected location of the writer is the eastern area of Serangan. In analyzing the data used scoring system method. The results of this study found that from the three locations of observation, station 1 is quite appropriate for the location of seaweed and grouper cultivation.
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Meemken, Eva-Marie, i Marc F. Bellemare. "Smallholder farmers and contract farming in developing countries". Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 117, nr 1 (13.12.2019): 259–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1909501116.
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Poverty is prevalent in the small-farm sector of many developing countries. A large literature suggests that contract farming—a preharvest agreement between farmers and buyers—can facilitate smallholder market participation, improve household welfare, and promote rural development. These findings have influenced the development policy debate, but the external validity of the extant evidence is limited. Available studies typically focus on a single contract scheme or on a small geographical area in one country. We generate evidence that is generalizable beyond a particular contract scheme, crop, or country, using nationally representative survey data from 6 countries. We focus on the implications of contract farming for household income and labor demand, finding that contract farmers obtain higher incomes than their counterparts without contracts only in some countries. Contract farmers in most countries exhibit increased demand for hired labor, which suggests that contract farming stimulates employment, yet we do not find evidence of spillover effects at the community level. Our results challenge the notion that contract farming unambiguously improves welfare. We discuss why our results may diverge from previous findings and propose research designs that yield greater internal and external validity. Implications for policy and research are relevant beyond contract farming.
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Shin, Myung-Cheul, Gwang-Mun Shin i Jae-Su Lee. "The Impacts of Locational and Neighborhood Environmental Factors on the Spatial Clustering Pattern of Small Urban Houses: A Case of Urban Residential Housing in Seoul". Sustainability 11, nr 7 (1.04.2019): 1934. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11071934.
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Small housing has gained prominence in the housing market due to substantial shifts of both population and household structures in Korea. The study aims to examine the spatial clustering pattern of urban residential houses (URHs) in terms of the spatial statistics, and analyze the impacts of both locational and neighborhood residential factors on the formation of the spatial clustering pattern in the Seoul metropolitan area. It is found that the URHs represent a significant spatial clustering pattern based on the census tracts. The hotspots are mostly found in the outskirts of Seoul, where the development of small houses has been concentrated for ten years. Also, both locational and neighborhood residential factors have significant effects on the hotspot formation of the URH. The hotspots are more likely to be found in areas having many available sites for development, high demand for habitation, and high expected profits from developing small residences. Another significant factor is access to public transit, amenities, and employment centers. Therefore, it is necessary to design a rent subsidy program for potential residents and to encourage the development of housing in nearby hotspots with relatively lower land values. It is also important to establish policies and strategies for planning the housing supply and managing the residential environment in low-rise residential areas.
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Zaman, Quazi M. Mahtab-Uz, i Richard Laing. "Sustainable Approach to Regenerating Residential Form and Density: Case in Dhaka". Urban Studies Research 2013 (5.11.2013): 1–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2013/783792.
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This paper presents principles and praxis of sustainable approach to maintaining targeted “residential regeneration by density” yet achieving innovations in urban form in a contextual scenario of Dhaka City, the capital of Bangladesh. It is evident from the context that Dhaka is experiencing a dramatic transformation in residential density due to demographic changes during the past two decades due the concentration of social, administrative, institutional, recreational, small-scale industries, and associated housing facilities. The transformation is visible in residential built footprint, significantly due to the demand-driven and density-led market, originated from low rise and low density and transforming to high density high rise. This transformation has been consistently threatening social and environmental realm indicated by depletion of garden houses; reduction of public parks; shrinking walkways; deletion of setback for ventilation and sun shade from trees; slowing down mobility; and obstruction of physical and visual permeability. The paper discussed a pragmatic approach that professionals have adopted to control the density and to introduce scopes for innovative urban forms by way of applying floor area ratio (FAR) methods and further discusses the merits of the methodological process of exercising morphology with a set of new building rules without undermining the market demand.
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Li, Xiaojing, Apurbo Sarkar, Xianli Xia i Waqar Hussain Memon. "Village Environment, Capital Endowment, and Farmers’ Participation in E-Commerce Sales Behavior: A Demand Observable Bivariate Probit Model Approach". Agriculture 11, nr 9 (10.09.2021): 868. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agriculture11090868.
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With the recent developments in widespread internet usage and digital technology, an ultimate worldwide transformation in information and communications technology has occurred. Especially, how people engage in the virtual market for buying and selling goods has changed dramatically, which flourished the playground of electronic commerce (EC). Interestingly, it has become crucial to create an ample opportunity for farmers to utilize a more comprehensive market range for selling their products. However, farmers participating in e-commerce sales platforms may be interrupted by various internal and external factors. Therefore, the study’s primary goal is to evaluate the impacts of various external and internal factors on shaping farmers’ behavior in participating in e-commerce sales platforms. The study utilized a demand observable bivariate Probit model to analyze the village environment and capital endowment effects to craft the findings. The study utilized micro-survey data from 686 households in the leading kiwifruit-producing area as the empirical setup. The findings illustrated that the village environment is the main factor that restricts farmers’ e-commerce sales behavior, among which the infrastructure and policy environments have a significant contribution to farmers’ e-commerce sales intention and behavior. However, the effect of capital endowment on farmers’ e-commerce selling behavior has been found as significant. The village environment significantly affects both large- and small-scale farmers, and the capital endowment has a higher binding effect on small-scale farmers. Therefore, the paper suggests that improving the village environment for e-commerce development and laying the foundation for e-commerce development should be fostered. A differentiated incentive mechanism to improve the capital endowment of farmers should be constructed. A well-structured capital endowment triggering small farmers to capture the benefits of e-commerce sales should be imposed. The government should extend the support of the agricultural demonstration zone to facilitate practical training among the smallholder farmers. The formal and informal risk-sharing and financial institutions should prioritize building infrastructure to support farmers’ short- and long-term investments. Farmers should realize the importance of e-commerce for integrating the agricultural value chain.
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Astuti, Reni Dwi, Tri Budiyanto i Muhammad Faishal. "PEMBERDAYAAN WARGA MELALUI USAHA PEMBUATAN BESEK DI GUMAWANG GUNUNG KIDUL". Jurnal Pemberdayaan: Publikasi Hasil Pengabdian Kepada Masyarakat 2, nr 2 (30.01.2018): 297. http://dx.doi.org/10.12928/jp.v2i2.386.
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Gumawang is an area with lots of bamboo, so many bamboo craftsmen in the area. However, production capacity is still low and cannot meet market demand. This is due to the small number of craftsmen (approximately 10 people) and the low number of workers who carry out the bamboo process. In addition, product quality is low, because it is easily damaged (moldy) caused by the water content in the product is too high, especially in the rainy season. Another problem encountered is a non-ergonomic work system and no financial accounting. To solve the problem, a solution was offered in the form of training for Gumawang residents to increase the number of craftsmen, use of product drying technology to reduce water content so that products last longer, counseling on ergonomics, and training on financial management. Another benefit of the service program is increasing the income of craftsmen and residents in general.
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Aulia, Fauzia Ghitha, Ragil Haryanto i Wisnu Pradoto. "Land-Use Shifting from Settlement into Commercial in Caturtunggal, Sleman". JEJAK 13, nr 1 (10.03.2020): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.15294/jejak.v13i1.19598.
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Caturtunggal area is a residential area that is growing rapidly, especially in commercial activities. Current commercial activities have expanded into residential areas. Caturtunggal is one of the regions with an educational function and has become a new center of growth in Sleman Regency with the presence of Gadjah Mada University (UGM) and Yogyakarta State University (UNY). The development of commercial activities in the region to facilitate trade activities and services between people in need such as students (demand) and people who sell services (supply) that can create workers in urban areas so that they can contribute to the regional economy and Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP). The purpose of this study is to determine the development of changes in spatial use from settlements to commercial activities in the Education Area and formulate the factors that cause a shift in the use of space in the region. The method used in this research is quantitative methods and analysis techniques using spatial analysis, descriptive statistical analysis and factor analysis. The subject of this research is small-medium commercial activity in the Caturtunggal region. The results of this study were found as a phenomenon of 70% shift in the use of space to be commercially caused by 5 factors, namely economic factors, the existence of educational areas, locations, market preferences, and access.
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Edward Jones, Thomas. "Changing demographics in Japan's national parks; towards a targeted marketing strategy for nature-based tourists". Tourism and hospitality management 18, nr 1 (czerwiec 2012): 95–109. http://dx.doi.org/10.20867/thm.18.1.7.
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Trends from Japan and other post-industrial countries suggest visitor demand for nature-based tourism (NBT) destinations such as national parks, which rocketed in the post-war period, has peaked and is now in decline. This has adverse implications for funding and natural resource management. One suggested counter strategy is targeted marketing based on commercial techniques, but this relies on accurate knowledge of the market to maintain current segments and attract new ones.This paper employs a ‘market leader’ case study approach to investigate visitors to Kamikochi, a gateway to the North Japan Alps whose long conservation pedigree, and proximity to urban areas, ensures it can fulfil both ‘protection’ and ‘promotion’ criteria. The focus was on the Day Hiker (Dh) segment of visitor demand, deemed desirable from a managerial perspective, because they were shown to stay longer, visit more frequently and have a greater interaction with nature. The aims were to identify the composition of Kamikochi’sDh visitor segment, and cross analyse the results to provide practical information for national park managers. Following on from a 2007 survey, 391 usable semi-structured questionnaires were collected between July 10th and September 10th 2009, from participants in guided tours at Kamikochi, a response rate of 31%. Results show the ‘market leader’ segment consisted of pairs or small groups of well-educated, wealthy ‘baby-boomers’ from Kanto; 55% were aged 50 or over, and 59% came from the greater Tokyo metropolitan area. These KantoDhs tended to be repeat visitors (66.0%) who stayed for 2 nights or more (55.1%), thus surpassing the bench mark set by previous research. However, the results provided a snapshot of visitor demand unbalanced not only by urban area, but also gender, age and income; hence further research is needed to explain the dominance of female, elderly and wealthy visitors. One logical explanation is that these segments are already being targeted by travel agencies, as suggested by the 42% who came to Kamikochi as part of a package tour. If so, then it raises the question of why marketing is being outsourced to travel agencies rather than conducted via joint campaigns that incorporate a range of stakeholders.Thus although the need for targeted marketing is clear, some significant barriers to marketing NBT resources exist, including diverse objectives, mixed land ownership and insufficient funding. Transparent goals, combined with ongoing visitor segment monitoring, are thus two vital steps towards a targeted NBT marketing strategy.
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Kozlov, V. V., i T. V. Tomashevska. "Analysis of the Performance of Electronic Commerce in Ukraine". Statistics of Ukraine, nr 2(77) (20.09.2017): 34–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.31767/su.2(77).2017.02.05.
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The current phase in the development of economic relations is characterized by the high level of informatization. The rapid science & technology advancement in information and communication technologies pushes up the development of consumption, industry and trade, and lays the background for new forms of economic relations. Electronic commerce is an advanced area of business. Taking advantages from electronic trade, organizations can: considerably reduce financial and time resources, enhance competitiveness, enter new markets, obtain supplementary information on consumer needs, and rapidly respond on the changing demand. Many companies take advantage from electronic commerce and set up pre-sales and after-sales services.
Today, the Ukrainian market of electronic commerce is undergoing rapid expansion. The objective of the study is to analyze the expansion dynamics of electronic commerce by Ukrainian region and find the latest tendencies in this industry. The analysis is made by statistical data on Internet use in Ukraine. The overall performance of electronic commerce in Ukraine lags far behind the analogous figures of Western countries. Negative effects of the economic crisis, lack of high performing telecommunication networks in a number of Ukrainian regions, and limited use of advanced electronic payment systems hampered the development of the electronic market in Ukraine, and still hamper it in some way. Yet, due to ICT solutions, the environment for electronic commerce, in which the increasing demand pushes up the supply, have recently been improved.
The method for studying the electronic commerce performance by Ukrainian region by use of the dynamic personified matrix is proposed. On its basis the ranking of Ukrainian regions is built, the regions with the highest performance in electronic commerce are identified, performance trends are analyzed. It is found that the electronic commerce market is concentrated mainly in large cities that are regional centers. The reason behind is that provider firms and firms rendering hosting services are concentrated in large cities, whereas small towns and villages have no access to high quality connection. Therefore, the development of advanced telecommunications market is supposed to contribute to the expansion of the electronic commerce market, enabling to take full advantage from the Ukrainian potential in electronic trade and enhance the competitiveness of Ukrainian business.
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Abdulla Al Marzooqi, Fawzeia, i Syed Zamberi Ahmad. "UNASCO: exploring the market for sustainable business". Emerald Emerging Markets Case Studies 8, nr 3 (24.09.2018): 1–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/eemcs-08-2017-0201.
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Subject area Growth strategies, marketing strategy, resources-based value theory, alliance network model, logistic and supply chain. Study level/applicability This case can be used in undergraduate and graduate classes as well as development programmes for managers in small to medium-size enterprises. The case suits courses in business, strategy, marketing and freight forwarding. Case overview Union National Air, Land and Sea Shipping Co (LLC) (UNASCO) is a small to medium-sized freight forwarding company based in the United Arab Emirates (UAE). It has three offices, two in Dubai and one in Abu Dhabi. UNASCO handles commercial imports/exports from/to many destinations, including Europe, Asia, the USA, India, the Far East, Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC), the Middle East (ME) and Africa. UNASCO has been in business for more than 35 years and has run the business smoothly. Recently, the company has faced several internal and external challenges that impact business performance. These challenges are high operating expenses, stiff competition and low market demand. Due to these challenges, the sales staff is being pressured to generate more income to ensure that the company is not experiencing a loss. Now, UNASCO is uncertain how to sustain the business. Expected learning outcomes The learning outcomes are as follows: to learn about the freight forwarding industry, the competitive landscape and the challenges surrounding it; to enable the participant to generate a list of strengths, weaknesses, opportunities and threats (SWOT) for UNASCO and to gain skill at using SWOT analysis; to increase the participant’s ability to evaluate a situation and effectively communicate remedies about it both in writing and verbally; to enable the participant to analyse a problem using the Fishbone Diagram cause and effect tool; to enable the participant to use the Six Thinking Hats technique to make more reliable and sounder decisions; to gain skill at using Porters Five Forces tool, understand the competitiveness of UNASCO’s business environment, and identify the potential for business growth; and to gain skills at developing a marketing strategy using the 4Ps model. Supplementary materials Teaching Notes are available for educators only. Please contact your library to gain login details or email support@emeraldinsight.com to request teaching notes. Subject code CSS 11: Strategy.
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Kauth, Philip J., i Hector E. Pérez. "Industry Survey of the Native Wildflower Market in Florida". HortTechnology 21, nr 6 (grudzień 2011): 779–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.21273/horttech.21.6.779.
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Native plant sales have increased steadily during the past decade because of consumer concern with invasive plant sales, water conservation, and land management issues. However, native plants are still under-used mostly because of a small market and the lack of education on the use and care of native plants. For example, native plant sales in Florida accounted for only 11% of the total horticultural market in 2005. Within the Florida native plant industry, a small, but competitive market focuses on native wildflowers, but a paucity of information related to opportunities within this segment exists. We sent surveys to 137 members of the Florida native plant industry to learn about their interests, concerns, and trends in the native wildflower market. Survey respondents identified low demand, seed supply, and availability of desired species, plus insufficient customer and industry education as major factors limiting Florida native wildflower (FNW) sales. An overwhelming majority predicted that sales for locally produced FNWs would increase over the next 5 years. Respondents also stated that seed germination, seed storage, and seed production research are vital for the advancement of the industry. This survey provides an excellent opportunity to analyze the current native wildflower market and identify areas to help increase awareness of FNWs.
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Zubar, Ivan, i Yuliia Onyshchuk. "Heliceculture as a promising area of agricultural production". INNOVATIVE ECONOMY, nr 7-8 (2020): 33–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.37332/2309-1533.2020.7-8.5.
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Purpose. The aim of the article is research of theoretical, organizational and economic aspects of functioning and effective development of farms for growing and processing of snails and substantiation of prospects of heliceculture as a branch of agriculture on the basis of analysis of world experience. Methodology of research. In the course of the research the methods of general scientific (analysis, synthesis, abstraction) and empirical methods (observations, questionnaires, conversations) of economic science are used, which are based on a systematic approach, which allowed to characterize the current state of production and export of heliceculture products, as well as identify key issues in this area of agricultural production. Findings. The concept of “heliceculture” is substantiated and its content is analysed in terms of prospects as a new direction of agricultural production. The historical genesis of the development of traditions of snail products consumption has been studied, as a result of which the first mentions in the history of Ancient Rome, as well as France and Italy have been revealed. An analysis of the dynamics and current state of development of domestic heliculture entrepreneurship, which showed a rapid increase in the number of snail farms and increasing exports of snails to Europe. An overview of the world market for edible snails is made, where there is a noticeable tendency to a gradual annual increase in the consumption of heliculture products. The key elements of the technological process of growing edible snails are analysed, which allowed to systematize a number of basic technological processes and to conclude about the complexity and complexity of this production. The commodity assortment of heliculture has been determined, which includes meat, caviar and snail secretion. The key advantages of Ukraine as a producer and exporter of heliculture products are highlighted, including the availability of labour, proximity to markets, high land supply and dissatisfaction with global demand for these products, which makes it significant for the development of heliculture as an agricultural production. The key problems that hinder the development of snail farming are summarized, namely: legislative unregulation, limited industrial production capacity, lack of diversified processing, limited information and scientific research. The key directions of development of the heliceculture industry are determined, among which: organization of production and marketing heliceculture cooperatives, provision of in-depth processing and year-round uninterrupted production, development of agro-tourism on the basis of snail farms. Originality. A systematic approach to clarifying the definition of “heliceculture” is proposed. On the basis of a thorough study of official statistical information on the state of production of snail products, the importance of heliculture as a promising area of agricultural production is substantiated. Practical value. The obtained research results can be used in the development of an effective concept for the development of the heliculture industry. Key words: heliceculture, heliceculture market, snail farming, small business, family farm.
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Karpun, Olga. "Conceptual model of floriculture supply chain management". Electronic Scientific Journal Intellectualization of Logistics and Supply Chain Management #1 2020 1, nr 4 (30.12.2020): 41–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.46783/smart-scm/2020-4-4.
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The flower industry today is a fairly dynamic international industry. Proof of this is the significant growth rates achieved in recent years in this area. Thus transportation of perishable goods is one of the most difficult types of delivery, and transportation of flowers is even more difficult. Because it is necessary not only to strictly adhere to the temperature regime, but also to preserve the appearance of such a demanding cargo. Conducted analysis of the flower industry has shown that market demand is stagnant, while supply is in surplus. In part, this is due to the fact that flowers are highly correlated with income, not being essential commodities. Although on the other hand, consumer demand is becoming more demanding and differentiated. The main factors influencing the market of floriculture products were identified and studied. It was noted that the market of floriculture products in Ukraine is relatively small and young, but promising and growing rapidly. In addition, it is one of the most complex and time-consuming, due to its features. First of all, the floriculture market is represented by a significant number of participants that have different basic and current resources, goals for the market, needs, and so on. Studies have shown that the floriculture industry can suffer huge losses, mainly due to the lack of proper infrastructure for storage and transportation, as well as due to the lack of control over the conditions of supply. Lack of visibility in supply chains leads to quality problems, which leads to product loss, product returns, rising costs, and time delays. In addition, changing consumer demands, an active lifestyle and an open economy are forcing manufacturers and suppliers to produce higher quality goods and constantly look for ways to optimize costs. The proposed conceptual model of floriculture supply chain management will make it possible to form a new infrastructure that will unite all the subjects of the floriculture market into a single system. Thus, we can say that the priority areas of infrastructure development of the floriculture market should be determined in terms of a systematic approach and consist in the interaction of elements of production, intermediary, floristic, design, marketing, financial, information and agricultural components. Each part of the chain must perform its function effectively in order to maintain the optimal conditions of the environment in which the products of floriculture are located, during its supply from the manufacturers to the final consumers. To this end, a combination of innovative technologies that help to manage the supply of floriculture products in real time through the supply chain was proposed. Therefore, in order to satisfy consumers, it is necessary to form an effective supply chain for floriculture products, all parts of which must work in a whole, so that end consumers can get high quality products.
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Seppälä, Anna-Kaarina, Nabin Raj Gaihre i Rinald Pereira. "Electrical Energy Demand in Rural India - A Case Study of Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh". E3S Web of Conferences 101 (2019): 02002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/201910102002.
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India currently has the biggest unelectrified population in the world. Renewable-based microgrids could provide a sustainable solution to providing universal energy access. However, the potential electricity demand in rural areas is unknown and hard to predict. This data is needed to analyse the purchasing power and potential market for microgrids, and to assess their success rate. This study surveyed 73 households in Arunachal Pradesh and Uttar Pradesh in India, to study the energy need in rural communities. The data shows that many unelectrified households are already using electrical appliances powered by small photovoltaic panels or batteries. The consumption is not income-generating but potential productive use cases are widely present. In Uttar Pradesh, small-scale microgrids are already providing homes with enough power for lighting and mobile chargers. An average unelectrified household was found to consume 2.48 kWhe monthly, and to spend ₹ 155 on energy services. Villagers wish for more appliances and more power, and have the required finances to pay for it.
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Shpyrnya, O. V. "Review of business tourism market development in the Russian Federation". Scientific bulletin of the Southern Institute of Management, nr 4 (28.01.2020): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.31775/2305-3100-2019-4-109-112.
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This article provides a detailed analysis of the development of the business tourism industry as the fastest growing economy in the world. Currently, about 65% of events with the participation of entrepreneurs are held in Europe, approximately 22% – in Asia. The share of Asian countries in this business is expected to grow at a faster pace. The business tourism sector will grow accordingly. The article considers the competitive advantages of the Russian Federation as a center for the development of the international business tourism industry. It is noted that traditionally the most popular venue for events is Moscow, where the infrastructure for business tourism is most developed. Business trips to St. Petersburg are in demand. High business activity are distinguished by Samara and Yekaterinburg, the Volga region, primarily Kazan.In the course of the analysis, it was revealed that 165 cities of the Russian Federation have the ability to hold major events, congresses and conferences. Modern congress venues are now actively developing in Kazan, Yekaterinburg, Krasnoyarsk, Novosibirsk. It was noted that according to official estimates, Russia’s share in the world market of international congress events is less than 1%. This is very small, given that we occupy a share of approximately 3% in world trade. As a result, it was concluded that the presence of the Russian Federation in the international business tourism market is insufficient, as well as the need for certain decisions in this area.
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GONDA, Tibor. "TRAVELLING HABITS OF PEOPLE WITH DISABILITIES". GeoJournal of Tourism and Geosites 37, nr 3 (30.09.2021): 844–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.30892/gtg.37315-717.
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Accessible tourism is an under-researched area in Hungary. Based on the results of a questionnaire survey, the aim of the present study is to present several specific features of the travel demand of people with disabilities, the foremost focus being the examination of the most popular tourism products in the demand of people with disabilities. 268 Hungarians responded to the survey in online and face-to-face contexts. In addition to the Hungarian survey, the article also covers small-sample research results from four other countries (Germany, Italy, Spain and Croatia). The results show that members of the target group reject segregation solutions during their travels, and, as opposed to integration, clearly demand inclusion. Their travel frequency is above average of the entire population, with interests as diverse as those without disabilities. The issue of accessible tourism affects 10% of the European population, and thus, besides the significance of the issue from a social and societal point of view, this segment cannot be neglected in terms of its market value either. Understanding the expectations of stakeholders and their specific consumer habits is an essential requirement in the development of appropriate tourism supply and in ensuring equal access to services.
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van Leeuwen, Richard. "Monastic Estates and Agricultural Transformation in Mount Lebanon in the 18th Century". International Journal of Middle East Studies 23, nr 4 (listopad 1991): 601–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0020743800023436.
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One of the central issues in the debate on the transformative impact of European economic expansion on agricultural structures in the Ottoman Empire concerns the formation of large agricultural estates. It has been argued that the growing demand for raw materials on the world market fostered efforts at the integration of small landholdings into larger units of production and an increasing commercialization of agricultural produce. This commercializaiton coincided with a tendency toward crop specializaiton and a regional differentitation between the rural areas.
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Gangkur, Fabianus, Ratya Anindita i Hery Toiba. "Tomato Business Integration Conduct; Is It the Impact of Marketing Structure? (Tomato Marketing Study in Manggarai Regency, East Nusa Tenggara)". HABITAT 31, nr 3 (1.12.2020): 136–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.21776/ub.habitat.2020.031.3.16.
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This study aimed to examine the demand for tomato SCP in Manggarai Regency. The participants were 82 farmers, 7 middlemen, and 16 retailers. The characteristics of the farmers were homogeneous in terms of having a limited area of approximately 0.1-0.5 hectares. A simple random sampling method was then used to determine the participants. Slovin’s formula was used to determine the farmer participants. The snowball sampling method was used to assess the sample of middlemen. Market structure data was analyzed by market share, and market concentration used CR4 estimates. Whereas, consumer conduct had been descriptively studied in relation to pricing strategies and business integration. Market performance estimation was made by measuring the margin and the farmer’s share. The results showed that the structure of the market for tomatoes in Manggarai Regency was oligopolistic and very concentrated. The CR4 values were as follows: middlemen (69.95 %), retailers (54.57%) and farmers (13.05 per cent). Meanwhile, the market structure affected the market conduct in which traders as price determinant and farmers as price takers. In addition, the middlemen established vertical business integration as an attempt to expand their business, dominate the market and increase their income. Oligopoly market structure and market conduct affected the tomato market in Manggarai Regency. The tomato market performance was inefficient as seen from a wide margin but having small farmer’s share. The margin values for channels I and II were Rp12.151,00 and Rp11.525,00 respectively. Whereas the farmer’s share was 36.46 percent and 39.74 percent respectively. Reflecting to the results, an accessible price information service is extremely needed for farmers to minimize asymmetry information. In addition, farmers need to maximize the role and work of farmers' groups as a joint marketing agency in order to increase their bargaining position.
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Szmielińska-Pietraszek, Paulina, i Wioletta Szymańska. "Expectations of employers on the example of Słupsk local labour market (with the particular emphasis on the need for geographical competences)". Environmental & Socio-economic Studies 3, nr 1 (1.03.2015): 35–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/environ-2015-0055.
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AbstractOn today's labour markets, the basic characteristics of the quality of the labour force is knowledge, qualifications, skills and experience possessed by it. Today, employers are looking for employees with high interpersonal competences, manners, responsible, hard-working, independent, honest and having the ability to learn quickly. For this, as an asset, they add the higher education, preferably directional, creativity and experience. The taken research area is characterized by economic lag in comparison with Gdańsk agglomeration area, as well as with other regions. In the article the reference was made to the declared needs of employers towards future employees, based on interviews conducted in 101 entities of the city of Słupsk and Słupsk county. The main aim of the research was to determine the usefulness of geographic knowledge for the local labour market. And thus indicating the possibility of increasing the attractiveness of geographical graduates in the labour market. Among the needs of employers of Słupsk labour market in accordance with the overall national trend, there is a large deficit of soft competencies, but also, among others, the gap typically professional related to information technology and engineering skills have been diagnosed. There has been a large gap identified in the ability to apply the knowledge (academic) in practical activities, which is called by the employers 'the professional experience'. In contrast, the studies on the usefulness of (the attractiveness of the labour market) competencies that are possible to learn while studying geography, showed the particular importance, valuable for the modern labour market skills of searching, collecting and processing of information. Currently in Poland, even in conditions of high unemployment existing mismatch between qualification and professional structure of supply and demand for labour can be observed. In the labour market, the presence is noted at the same time, the deficit and surplus professions and employers tend to have difficulty in recruiting people with specific skills and vocational skills. Not innovative small entities (which predominate in the structure of entities, inter alia, in Słupsk local labour market) are not able to take over the education of strictly professional competences due to a lack of capital. The role of practical education courses for universities is visible here. They are accumulating equipment and supplies for practical training which may in a flexible way try to respond to changing economic conditions.
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Radulescu, Violeta, Iuliana Cetina, Anca Francisca Cruceru i Dumitru Goldbach. "Consumers’ Attitude and Intention towards Organic Fruits and Vegetables: Empirical Study on Romanian Consumers". Sustainability 13, nr 16 (23.08.2021): 9440. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13169440.
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Organic farming is one of the fastest growing sectors, both in developed and developing countries. Although Romania is in sixth place at the level of the European Union in terms of agricultural area, the share of ecologically certified areas is low. The fruits and vegetables sector is the most important for the agri-food production in Romania, accounting for 58% of the total cultivated area. In recent years, there is a tendency for consumers to focus on healthy diets with safe, high quality foods and high nutritional compounds from unpolluted areas. However, the Romanian market of organic fruits and vegetables is still underdeveloped due to the small number of consumers of organic products. The future of organic farming is largely dependent on attitude and consumer demand. The purpose of this paper is to study the attitudes and intentions of Romanian consumers towards the consumption of organic fruits and vegetables through direct research among 268 individuals. The results show that the attitudes of individuals towards the consumption of organic fruits and vegetables is directly and positively influenced by the information that individuals have about the characteristics of organic products, their personal needs and motivations, but also by external influences, and the purchase barriers do not represent elements with a strong enough influence on the attitude and intention.
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Li, Zeting, i Jiahao Wu. "Research on the design of small interior space". E3S Web of Conferences 308 (2021): 01002. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202130801002.
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In such a high population density society as China, especially in developed cities, the real estate market needs a concept of micro-housing. Working people in big cities like Beijing and Shanghai spend very little time at home while working and socializing outside the home every day. High-density population cities need to meet the living needs of as many people as possible in a limited area. If we can solve this problem the demand for houses will decrease and prices will fall. And tiny buildings can also reduce greenhouse gas emissions. (Statistics show that residential, commercial, and industrial buildings account for 40 percent of greenhouse gas emissions.) The ecological benefits of micro buildings extend beyond the house itself. Micro buildings not only increase the density of housing, so that more people have a home, but also shorten the time of transportation. After consulting a large number of literatures, this study hopes to summarize the existing literatures and find the best way for micro buildings to meet the needs of more people in high-density population cities. In this study, conclude some interior design methods or techniques to find out how to improve the quality of small space design. We search and review information in three different fields: indoor thermal comfort, human-based furniture, and interior lighting design. The paper presents some techniques including thermal control equipment and a day-light prediction system. Different human-based furniture is divided into various types, we analyse their advantages and disadvantages, leading to the small interior space to find how can they be used to improve human’s feeling. We discuss the possibility that designers enhance people’s life in a big city by using indoor designing ways.
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K, Vijaya Venkateswari, i Akshaya L. "A study on growth and effects of startup ecosystems in India". Journal of Management and Science 9, nr 1 (30.06.2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.26524/jms.2019.1.
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India is a fast developing south Asian and seventh largest country by area. Large population of the country implies a large prospective market in India and puts more pressure for employment in the country. With the gen-next cool trend to start working on new ideas, India is all set to outperform all other nations on the world stage in the years to come. Setting up of small businesses by these young entrepreneurs is definitely going to boost the India economy in the near future. In the present decade, India is undertaking an essential shift towards startup welcoming policies and a business friendly environment. India is a populated country having increasing demand which is putting a competitive environment forcing to create innovative systems. One of these systems is a Startup ecosystem. This paper aims to study about the growth, prospects and effects of Startup systems in India.