Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Single and Multi-junction Solar Cells

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Single and Multi-junction Solar Cells”

Autor: Grafiati

Data publikacji: 7 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Single and Multi-junction Solar Cells"

Yamaguchi, Masafumi, Frank Dimroth, Nicholas J. Ekins-Daukes, Nobuaki Kojima i Yoshio Ohshita. "Overview and loss analysis of III–V single-junction and multi-junction solar cells". EPJ Photovoltaics 13 (2022): 22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/epjpv/2022020.

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The development of high-performance solar cells offers a promising pathway toward achieving high power per unit cost for many applications. Because state-of-the-art efficiencies of single-junction solar cells are approaching the Shockley-Queisser limit, the multi-junction (MJ) solar cells are very attractive for high-efficiency solar cells. This paper reviews progress in III–V compound single-junction and MJ solar cells. In addition, analytical results for efficiency potential and non-radiative recombination and resistance losses in III–V compound single-junction and MJ solar cells are presented for further understanding and decreasing major losses in III–V compound materials and MJ solar cells. GaAs single-junction, III–V 2-junction and III–V 3-junction solar cells are shown to have potential efficiencies of 30%, 37% and 47%, respectively. Although in initial stage of developments, GaAs single-junction and III–V MJ solar cells have shown low ERE values, ERE values have been improved as a result of several technology development such as device structure and material quality developments. In the case of III–V MJ solar cells, improvements in ERE of sub-cells are shown to be necessary for further improvements in efficiencies of MJ solar cells.

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Kim, Chae-Won, Gwang-Yeol Park, Jae-Cheol Shin i Hyo-Jin Kim. "Efficiency Enhancement of GaAs Single-Junction Solar Cell by Nanotextured Window Layer". Applied Sciences 12, nr 2 (8.01.2022): 601. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12020601.

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In order to improve efficiency of flexible III-V semiconductor multi-junction solar cells, it is important to enhance the current density for efficiency improvement and to attain an even efficiency of solar cells on a curved surface. In this study, the nanotextured InAlP window layer of a GaAs single-junction solar cell was employed to suppress reflectance in broad range. The nanotextured surface affects the reflectance suppression with the broad spectrum of wavelength, which causes it to increase the current density and efficiency of the GaAs single-junction solar cell and alleviate the efficiency drop at the high incident angle of the light source. Those results show the potential of the effectively suppressed reflectance of multi-junction solar cells and even performance of solar cells attached on a curved surface.

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Mintairov, M. A., V. V. Evstropov, S. A. Mintairov, M. Z. Shvarts i N. A. Kalyuzhnyy. "Series spreading resistance in single- and multi-junction concentrator solar cells". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 1038 (czerwiec 2018): 012105. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1038/1/012105.

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Thon, Susanna Mitrani, Arlene Chiu, Yida Lin, Hoon Jeong Lee, Sreyas Chintapalli i Botong Qiu. "(Keynote) New Materials and Spectroscopies for Colloidal Quantum Dot Solar Cells". ECS Meeting Abstracts MA2022-02, nr 20 (9.10.2022): 918. http://dx.doi.org/10.1149/ma2022-0220918mtgabs.

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Colloidal quantum dots (CQDs) are an attractive third-generation material for photovoltaics due to their solution-processability, lightweight and flexible nature, and bandgap tunability, allowing them to be used as infrared materials for multi-junction solar cells. Here, we describe several methods for building new lead sulfide-based CQD materials and thin films for improving efficiencies in both single-junction and multi-junction solar cells. First, we demonstrate that the power conversion efficiency in single-junction PbS CQD solar cells is limited in part by the performance of the hole transport layer (HTL), traditionally made from ethanedithiol-passivated lead sulfide CQDs, due to the sub-optimal carrier mobility and doping density in this material. We use sulfur doping of the HTL, as well as incorporation of 2D transition metal dichalcogenide nanoflakes to address these issues and demonstrate absolute power conversion efficiency improvements of greater than 1% in single-junction devices. Next, we demonstrate a micrometer-resolution 2D characterization method with millimeter-scale field of view for assessing CQD solar cell film quality and uniformity. Our instrument simultaneously collects photoluminescence spectra, photocurrent transients, and photovoltage transients. We use this high-resolution morphology mapping to quantify the distribution and strength of the local optoelectronic property variations in CQD solar cells due to film defects, physical damage, and contaminants across nearly the entire test device area, and the extent to which these variations account for overall performance losses. We also use the massive data sets produced by this method to train machine learning models that take as input simple illuminated current-voltage measurements and output complex underlying materials parameters, greatly simplifying the characterization process for optoelectronic devices. Finally, we use artificial photonic band engineering as a method for achieving spectral selectivity in absorbing PbS CQD thin films for applications in multi-junction photovoltaics. We show that a structured periodic CQD thin film is able to maintain a photonic band structure, including the existence of a reduced photonic density of states, in the presence of weak material absorption, enabling modification of the absorption, transmission, and reflection spectra. We use a machine learning-based inverse design process to generate CQD thin film photonic structures with targeted absorption, transmission, and reflection spectra for multi-junction photovoltaics and narrow bandwidth photodetectors.

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MOUSLI, L., B. DENNAI i B. AZEDDINE. "THEORETICAL SIMULATION OF THE EFFECT OF TEMPERATURE OF MULTI-JUNCTION SOLAR CELLS (PIN/ InGaN)". Journal of Ovonic Research 17, nr 1 (styczeń 2021): 11–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.15251/jor.2021.171.11.

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In this study, we performed a numerical theoretical simulation of single-junction and dualjunction solar cells based on InGaN. This simulation calculates the electrical parameters, characteristics of each of the studied cells, such as absorption, open-circuit voltage (Vco), collection efficiency, short circuit density (Jsc), and form factor FF. We have optimized the cells top PIN (In0.62Ga0.38N) and bottom PIN (In0.81Ga0.19N), and a dual-junction cell. The conversation efficiency of the single junction PIN cells exceeds 23%, while it is 38% for the dual-junction cell. The temperature dependencies of single junction and dual-junction solar cells have been studied at temperatures ranging from 300˚K to 450˚K. The variation of the electrical parameters of each cell was simulated with increasing temperature and the simulation result was detailed in this study. This study was done under standard conditions (AM1.5, 1000mW/cm2 ) and the simulation was performed on an ANOC calculation code (the latter is available as an application on android devices).

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Krotkus, A., I. Nevinskas, R. Norkus, A. Geižutis, V. Strazdienė, V. Pačebutas i T. Paulauskas. "Terahertz photocurrent spectrum analysis of AlGaAs/GaAs/GaAsBi multi-junction solar cells". Journal of Physics D: Applied Physics 56, nr 35 (2.06.2023): 355109. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1361-6463/acd85d.

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Abstract Characterizing subcells in two-terminal multi-junction (M-J) solar cells is challenging due to the lack of direct electrical access. This work presents a novel contactless spectral characterization technique for analysing individual subcells. The technique involves probing terahertz (THz) radiation generated by femtosecond laser pulse excitation and varying the exciting wavelength to selectively absorb light in the desired subcell. The registered THz pulse integral is then proportional to the induced photocurrent in that subcell. The THz photocurrent spectroscopy technique is demonstrated on GaAs and AlGaAs single-junction solar cells, as well as on the triple-junction AlGaAs/GaAs/GaAsBi solar cell. The results show that the recently developed GaAsBi-based subcell, with a nominal energy bandgap of 1.0 eV, exhibits improved electron–hole separation efficiency and can enhance energy harvesting by M-J solar cells.

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Söderström, Karin, Grégory Bugnon, Franz-Josef Haug i Christophe Ballif. "Electrically flat/optically rough substrates for efficiencies above 10% in n-i-p thin-film silicon solar cells". MRS Proceedings 1426 (2012): 39–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.835.

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ABSTRACTSubstrates with extremely low roughness to allow the growth of good-quality silicon material but that nevertheless present high light trapping properties are presented. In a first application, silver reflectors are used in single and tandem-junction amorphous silicon (a-Si:H) solar cells. High initial (stable) efficiencies of 10.4 % (8.1 %) for single-junction a-Si:H cells on glass and 11.1 % (9.2 %) for tandem-junction a-Si:H/a-Si:H cells on plastic are obtained. A second application better suited to multi-junction solar cells based on microcrystalline silicon (μc-Si:H) solar cells is presented: the substrate consists of rough zinc oxide (ZnO) grown on a flat silver reflector which is covered with a-Si:H; polishing of this structure yields an a-Si:H/ZnO interface that provides high light scattering even though the cell is deposited on a flat interface. We present results of ∼ 4-μm-thick μc-Si:H solar cells prepared on such substrates with high open-circuit voltages of 520 mV. A large relative efficiency gain of 20% is observed compared to a co-deposited cell grown directly on an optimized textured substrate.

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Rajpal, Bindiya, Shringar Gupta, Shivani Saxena, Shalini Jharia i Gaurav Saxena. "Single Junction and Dual Junction Thin Film Solar Cells". International Journal of Engineering Trends and Technology 45, nr 6 (25.03.2017): 246–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.14445/22315381/ijett-v45p251.

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Smirnov, V., F. Urbain, A. Lambertz i F. Finger. "High Stabilized Efficiency Single and Multi-junction Thin Film Silicon Solar Cells". Energy Procedia 102 (grudzień 2016): 64–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.egypro.2016.11.319.

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Isabella, O., S. Solntsev, D. Caratelli i M. Zeman. "3-D optical modeling of single and multi-junction thin-film silicon solar cells on gratings". MRS Proceedings 1426 (2012): 149–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1557/opl.2012.897.

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ABSTRACTThree-dimensional (3-D) optical modeling based on Finite Element Method of single, double, and triple junction thin-film silicon solar cells is presented. The combination of front periodic gratings with optimal geometrical parameters and rear ZnO/Ag reflector constitutes an efficient light trapping scheme for solar cells in superstrate (pin) configuration. The application of optimized trapezoidal 1-D and 2-D gratings resulted in 25.5% (1-D case) and 32.5% (2-D case) increase in photo-current density with respect to the flat solar cell. The application of inverted pyramidal 2-D gratings in double and triple junction silicon solar cells with very thin absorber layers resulted in a photo-current density > 11 mA/cm2 and > 9 mA/cm2, respectively.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Single and Multi-junction Solar Cells"

Shim, Jae Won. "Study of charge-collecting interlayers for single-junction and tandem organic solar cells". Diss., Georgia Institute of Technology, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/51820.

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A hole-collecting interlayer layer for organic solar cells, NiO, processed by atomic layer deposition (ALD) was studied. ALD-NiO film offered a novel alternative to efficient hole-collecting interlayers in conventional single-junction organic solar cells. Next, surface modifications with aliphatic amine group containing polymers for use as electron-collecting interlayers were studied. Physisorption of the polymers was found to lead to large reduction of the work function of conducting materials. This approach provides an efficient way to provide air-stable low-work function electrodes for organic solar cells. Highly efficient inverted organic solar cells were demonstrated by using the polymer surface modified electrodes. Lastly, charge recombination layers of the inverted tandem organic solar cells were studied. Efficient charge recombination layers were realized by using the ALD and the polymer surface modification. The charge recombination layer processed by ALD provided enhanced electrical and barrier properties. Furthermore, the polymer surface modification on the charge recombination layers showed large work function contrast, leading to improved inverted tandem organic solar cells. The inverted tandem organic solar cells with the new charge recombination layer showed fill factor over 70% and power conversion efficiency over 8%.

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Lynch, Marianne Catherine. "Modelling and optimisation of single junction strain balanced quantum well solar cells". Thesis, Imperial College London, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10044/1/8479.

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In an attempt to find the optimum number of wells for maximum conversion efficiency a pair of otherwise identical strain balanced samples, one containing 50 wells and the other 65 wells have been characterised. The 65 well sample is found to possess a lower predicted efficiency than the 50 well sample, suggesting that the optimum well number lies between these values. Devices grown using tertiary butyl arsine (TBAs) are found to possess comparable conversion efficiencies to the control cells grown using arsine and slightly superior dark IV characteristics, indicating that TBAs may be substituted for arsine without loss of device efficiency and may even be beneficial to cell performance. Several fundamental refinements to the existing quantum efficiency model of are explored. Firstly, expressions for the strained band gaps are derived. A value for the conduction band offset is determined using the difference in energy between the heavy and light hole exciton peaks in low temperature photo current scans and found to be 0.55±0.03. The magnitude of the el-hhl exciton binding energy is also estimated from these scans and found to be in excellent agreement with the value obtained from a simple, parameterized expression for the exciton binding energy. Finally, an absolute calculation for the absorption coefficient is incorporated into the quantum efficiency model and values for the heavy and light hole in-planes masses are obtained. The model is found to underestimate the level of absorption in the intrinsic region by an amount consistent with estimates of the magnitude of the reflection from the back surface. The conversion efficiency of a sample predicted using SOL is compared to an independently obtained value. Good agreement is observed between the two results (25.3% and 25.7% for 317 suns AM1.5D). Additionally, an optimum structure for illumination by the AM1.5D spectrum was found to be a 120A well ofIno.lGaAs.

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Mahajumi, Abu Syed. "Type-II gallium antimonide quantum dots in gallium arsenide single junction solar cells". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2013. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.658211.

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The novel idea of GaSb quantum dots (QDs)1 quantum rings (QRs) stacked layers single junction solar cells have been investigated for the examination and enhancement of the infrared photo response. Initially the investigation used photoluminescence to probe the optical properties of a type-II material interface between GaSb/GaAs using optimum growth temperature for QDs/QRs with two different growth modes (Stranski-Krastanow (SK) and exchange growth); and two different GaSb deposition thickness (1.5ML and 2.IML). The photoluminescence spectra of the stacked epilayers confirmed that the dominant radiative recombination mechanism was band-to-band in the GaSb QDs/QRs stacked layers. Excellent structural quality is observed in each sample with no threading dislocations (by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM)). The composition of the QRs is close to 100 % GaSb with high purity GaAs centres. The ring density per layer is approximately 1010 rings/cm2 with no significant variation in size or density in the separate layers. II Rapid thermal annealing (RTA) has been used to tailor the optical properties of 10-layer stacks of type-II GaSb self-assembled QDs and QRs embedded within GaAs grown by molecular beam epitaxy. An increase in PL emission intensity and a blue shift in peak energy in both types of QD stacks were observed, along with changes in the activation energy for PL quenching. These effects were attributed to Sb-As intermixing and size effects with corresponding changes in the band structure and an increase in the oscillator strength associated with the transformation towards type-I behaviour. It has been concluded that postgrowth rapid thermal annealing can be used to tune the spectral response and control carrier recombination and escape properties of stacked GaSb QD for more effective use in devices such as solar cells and lasers. The final part of the investigation examined the properties of multi-layer QDs/QRs single junction solar cells (SC) to obtain an understanding of the operation and characteristics of the devices. Three kinds of solar cells were fabricated; one is intrinsic layer with ? layers of QDs/QRs, another comprises 10 layers and the final one is control cells (without QDs/QRs).

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Zhang, Haoquan S. M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "An integrated multi-input single-output buck converter for laterally-arrayed multi-bandgap solar cells". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2019. https://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/121745.

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Thesis: S.M., Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science, 2019
Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.
Includes bibliographical references (pages 151-156).
Concentrated Photovoltaic (CPV) systems provides a potentially low-cost and high-efficiency alternative to conventional mono-crystalline Si panel PV systems, and a new CPV system with Laterally-Arrayed Multi-Bandgap (LAMB) cells is introduced. In this thesis, an IC-based Multi-Input Single-Output (MISO) power converter, which serves as the small-footprint and self-powered power management module of the CPV system, is designed and tested. The proposed converter shall efficiently harvest energy from 4 types of solar cells and track the Maximum Power Point (MPP) at the cell-block level. First, the circuit topology, MPP Tracking (MPPT) algorithm, and control mechanism are verified with discrete converters, then a qualitative demonstration is conducted outdoors to show the concept of the entire CPV system with power management. Finally, a first-generation integrated converter, with the passive components, Analog/Digital converters and a MPPT-enabling micro-controller off-chip, is implemented.
by Haoquan Zhang.
S.M.
S.M. Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Department of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science

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Fifer, Tommy L. "Radiation effects on multi-junction solar cells". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2001. http://handle.dtic.mil/100.2/ADA401081.

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Thesis (M.S. in Electrical Engineering) Naval Postgraduate School, Dec. 2001.
Thesis advisor(s): Michael, Sherif . "December 2001." Includes bibliographical references (p. 65-67). Also available online.

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Mantilla, Pérez Paola. "Multi-junction thin film solar cells for an optimal light harvesting". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/406044.

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Thin film photovoltaics encompass a group of technologies able to harvest light within a few microns thickness. The reduced thickness allows a low cost of manufacture while making the films flexible and adaptable to different surfaces. This, combined with their low weight, positioned thin film solar cells as ideal candidates for building integrated photovoltaics. For the latter, organic solar cells (OSC) can provide a high quality semi-transparency that closely mimics the aesthetics of standard windows. Indeed, some unique features of organic solar cells make them the optimal solution for applications where standard Si technology cannot be used. However, for large-scale electricity production where efficiency is, perhaps, the most determining factor, newer thin film technologies like perovskites solar cells may be a more adequate option. At the moment of writing this thesis, state of the art efficiencies of single junction perovskites nearly double that of the best single junction organic solar cell. A limitation found in both technologies, especially in organics and to a lesser degree in perovskites, is the low mobility of the carriers. This, together with other processing shortcomings in the organic absorbers and perovskites limit their thickness to 100-130 nm, and 500-600 nm, respectively. In summary, light management must be an essential ingredient when designing device architectures to achieve the optimal performance in the specific application being considered. In this thesis, in order to achieve an optimal light harvesting and therefore increase the performance of thin film solar cells, we take two approaches. On one hand, we increase the total thickness of the absorber material used in the device without increasing the thickness of the single active material layer and, on the other hand, we combine complementary absorbers to cover a wider portion of the solar spectra. These approaches pose the double challenge of finding the optimal electromagnetic field distribution within a complicated multilayer structure containing two or more active layers, while at the same time implementing an effective charge collection or recombination in the intermediate layers connecting two adjacent sub-cells. In the case of OSC, we consider multi-junction cells where the same active material is used in all the junctions. This can be implemented by fabricating structures where the active layer thickness in each sub-cell does not exceed the 100 nm. For other types of thin film solar cells, we consider configurations using complementary absorbers. In both cases, but particularly in the former one, a systematic approach to optimize light absorption is needed. In order to obtain such optimal configurations, we implement an inverse integration approach combined with a transfer matrix calculation of the electric field. Furthermore, we develop several new approaches to optimize charge collection in the sub-cell interconnection layers which we apply to tandem, triple, 4-terminal and series-parallel configurations. The thesis has been organized into five chapters. Chapter 1 introduces concepts required for the development of the thesis work including the optical model. Chapter 2 describes the optical optimization and experimental implementation of current-matched multi-junction devices using PTB7:PC71BM, including applications. In order to profit from the advantage of electrically separated devices, Chapter 3 evaluates different types of 4-terminal architectures using PTB7:PC71BM and PTB7-Th:PC71BM. In one of the architectures we establish a serial-connection between sub-cells while in other we leave the sub-cells completely independent. Chapter 4 theoretically proposes a novel monolithic architecture combining perovskites and CIGS which does not require current-matching. Finally, in Chapter 5, an in-depth study of the semi-transparent inner electrodes is given that include vacuum-based and solution-processed layers.
La fotovoltaica de capa delgada engloba un grupo de tecnologías capaces de capturar la luz en tan sólo unos pocos nanómetros de espesor. Su bajo costo de manufactura, flexibilidad y bajo peso, hace a las capas delgadas candidatas ideales para la integración en edificios. En particular, las celdas orgánicas pueden proveer una transparencia de alta calidad similar a las ventanas convencionales irrealizable con tecnologías basadas en Silicio. Sin embargo, para la producción de electricidad a gran escala en donde la eficiencia es, tal vez, el factor determinante, existen nuevas tecnologías como las celdas solares de perovskita que pueden resultar más adecuadas. Al momento de escribir esta tesis, las eficiencias de celdas de perovskita de simple unión casi duplican la de las mejores celdas orgánicas de simple unión. Una limitante de ambas tecnologías, en especial de las celdas orgánicas y en menor medida de las perovskitas, es la baja movilidad de las cargas. Esta, junto a otras desventajas de los absorbentes orgánicos y perovskitas limita su espesor al rango de los 100 a los 130 nm, y entre los 500 a 600 nm, respectivamente. En resumen, el manejo de la luz debe constituir un ingrediente esencial para el diseño de los dispositivos, tal que se consiga un desempeño óptimo en la aplicación para la cual sean considerados. En esta tesis, con el fin de alcanzar un aprovechamiento óptimo de la luz y por ende aumentar el desempeño de las celdas solares de capa delgada, utilizamos dos enfoques. Por un lado, aumentamos el espesor total de material absorbente dentro del dispositivo sin incrementar el espesor de las capas actives individuales y por otro lado, combinamos absorbentes complementarios para cubrir una porción más amplia del espectro solar. Estos enfoques conllevan al doble reto de encontrar la distribución de campo electromagnético óptima dentro de una estructura compleja de multicapas con dos o más capas activas, junto a la implementación de una recolección o recombinación de cargas efectiva por parte de las capas intermedias encargadas de conectar dos subceldas adyacentes. En el caso de las celdas orgánicas, consideramos celdas de multiunión usando el mismo material activo para todas las subceldas. Para implementarlas, se realizan estructuras cuyas capas activas no excedan los 100 nm. También estudiamos configuraciones donde los materiales tienen absorciones complementarias usando perovskitas. En ambos casos, sobretodo en el primero, se requiere un método sistemático para optimizar el aprovechamiento de la luz. Para obtener las configuraciones óptimas empleamos una estrategia de integración inversa junto con un cálculo del campo eléctrico basado en el modelo de matriz de transferencia. Además, desarrollamos nuevas estrategias para optimizar la colección de cargas en las capas de interconexión de las subceldas aplicables a dispositivos tipo tandem, triple, 4-terminales y serie-paralelo.

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Kolhatkar, Gitanjali. "Characterisation of high-efficiency multi-junction solar cells and tunnel junctions". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/28939.

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Tunnel junctions for use in solar cells and monolithic multi junction solar cells are studied experimentally. The current density-voltage characteristic of an AlGaAs/AlGaAs tunnel junction having a mesa resistance of 0.11 mO·cm2 is determined using time-averaged measurements. A tunneling peak higher than the operating point of a solar cell is recorded by this method, with a value of ∼950 A/cm2. Due to the unstable nature of the negative differential resistance region of the current density-voltage curve, measurements of the tunneling peak and valley current densities are obscured. A time-dependent analysis is performed on this sample, from which a tunneling peak of a value larger than 1100 A/cm 2 is determined. An A1GaAs/InGaP tunnel junction having a tunneling peak of 80 A/cm2 is presented. Multi junction solar cells fabricated using indium tin-oxide as transparent top electrodes are measured. These cells have a maximal efficiency of 25.1% at 3 suns illumination and 26.1% at 20 suns, ∼40% lower efficiency than the standard multi junction solar cell.

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Walker, Alexandre W. "Bandgap Engineering of Multi-Junction Solar Cells for Enhanced Performance Under Concentration". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26240.

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This doctorate thesis focuses on investigating the parameter space involved in numerically modeling the bandgap engineering of a GaInP/InGaAs/Ge lattice matched multi-junction solar cell (MJSC) using InAs/InGaAs quantum dots (QDs) in the middle sub-cell. The simulation environment – TCAD Sentaurus – solves the semiconductor equations using finite element and finite difference methods throughout well-defined meshes in the device to simulate the optoelectronic behavior first for single junction solar cells and subsequently for MJSCs with and without quantum dots under concentrated illumination of up to 1000 suns’ equivalent intensity. The MJSC device models include appropriate quantum tunneling effects arising in the tunnel junctions which serve as transparent sub-cell interconnects. These tunneling models are calibrated to measurements of AlGaAs/GaAs and AlGaAs/AlGaAs tunnel junctions reaching tunneling peak current densities above 1000 A/cm^2. Self-assembled InAs/GaAs quantum dots (QDs) are treated as an effective medium through a description of appropriate generation and recombination processes. The former includes analytical expressions for the absorption coefficient that amalgamates the contributions from the quantum dot, the InAs wetting layer (WL) and the bulk states. The latter includes radiative and non-radiative lifetimes with carrier capture and escape considerations from the confinement potentials of the QDs. The simulated external quantum efficiency was calibrated to a commercial device from Cyrium Technologies Inc., and required 130 layers of the QD effective medium to match the contribution from the QD ground state. The current – voltage simulations under standard testing conditions (1 kW/cm^2, T=298 K) demonstrated an efficiency of 29.1%, an absolute drop of 1.5% over a control structure. Although a 5% relative increase in photocurrent was observed, a 5% relative drop in open circuit voltage and an absolute drop of 3.4% in fill factor resulted from integrating lower bandgap nanostructures with shorter minority carrier lifetimes. However, these results are considered a worst case scenario since maximum capture and minimum escape rates are assumed for the effective medium model. Decreasing the band offsets demonstrated an absolute boost in efficiency of 0.5% over a control structure, thus outlining the potential benefits of using nanostructures in bandgap engineering MJSCs.

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Judkins, Zachara Steele. "A market analysis for high efficiency multi-junction solar cells grown on SiGe". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/42143.

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Thesis (M. Eng.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Materials Science and Engineering, 2007.
Includes bibliographical references (leaves 50-53).
Applications, markets and a cost model are presented for III-V multi-junction solar cells built on compositionally graded SiGe buffer layers currently being developed by professors Steven Ringell of Ohio State University and Eugene Fitzgerald of MIT. Potential markets are similar to those currently occupied by high efficiency multi-junction space solar cells grown on a Germanium substrate. Initial cost analysis shows that at production volumes similar to those of the state of the art, cost could be reduced by a factor of' four. Significant market share may be gained in both the space and terrestrial PV markets due to improved performance associated with superior materials properties advantages as well as production cost reductions.
by Zachary Steele Judkins.
M.Eng.

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Korostyshevsky, Aaron. "Characterization of Radiation Damage in Multi-Junction Solar Cells Using Light-Biased Current Measurements". Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1224614484.

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Thesis (M.S.)--University of Toledo, 2008.
Typescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillments of the requirements for the Master of Science Degree in Physics." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 41-42.

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F, Hepp Aloysius, i NASA Glenn Research Center, red. Multi-junction thin-film solar cells on flexible substrates for space power. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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Yeh, Chune-Sin. An expert system approach to the optimal design of single-junction and multijunction tandem solar cells. 1988.

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Wolf, E. L. Solar Cell Physics and Technologies. Oxford University Press, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/oso/9780198769804.003.0010.

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Solar cells are based on semiconductor pn junctions. Absorption of sunlight is optimal at bandgap energies near one electron volt, and greatly increases the reverse current density. The efficiency of the cell is described by the “filling factor”, and is limited, for single junction cells, by the Quiesser–Shockley limit, near 30 percent. Tandem cells, series combinations of cells, absorb a larger portion of the solar spectrum with higher efficiency but with greater complexity and cost. Such cells are used with focusing optics that inherently raises the efficiency, but also the complexity and cost. This is a textbook for physics, chemistry and engineering students interested in the future of energy as impacted by depletion of fossil fuels, and in the effects of fossil fuel burning on climate.

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Radiation Effects on Multi-Junction Solar Cells. Storming Media, 2001.

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Multi-junction thin-film solar cells on flexible substrates for space power. Cleveland, Ohio: National Aeronautics and Space Administration, Glenn Research Center, 2002.

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National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Staff. Multi-Junction Thin-Film Solar Cells on Flexible Substrates for Space Power. Independently Published, 2018.

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