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1
Vidales, Carlos. "Cybersemiotics, a transdisciplinary view on communication, information, signification, and cognition". Linguistic Frontiers 5, nr 1 (1.06.2022): 53–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/lf-2022-0004.
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Abstract The present commentary addresses cybersemiotics, a transdisciplinary theory of communication, signification, information, and cognition which is based on the work of Danish scholar Søren Brier. Cybersemiotics is a metatheory that encompasses the research programs of information theory, first and second-order cybernetics, Luhmann’s systems theory, cognitive sciences, Peircean biosemiotics, pragmatic linguistics, and language game theory. I will explore some of these theoretical frameworks and how cybersemiotics integrates them.
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Shim, Hyounjoo. "A study of the cognitive function of Chinese characters based on the semiotics of writing". Journal of Chinese Writing Systems 5, nr 1 (marzec 2021): 31–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/2513850221990441.
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This paper attempts to critique phonocentrism based on linguistic signs and explores the cognitive functions of Chinese characters through semiotic concepts and approaches. From the semiotics of writing, this paper suggests a model of Chinese characters’ perceptive cognition which works on schema of character codes and signification. This model logically demonstrates the process by which consumers recognize Chinese orthographic signs and associate with certain meanings. This paper also analyzes the process of signification performed by consumers in the Sinosphere. Specifically examining some cases of branding strategies by Chinese and Korean companies, it endeavors to test the efficacy of the model by applying it to the model for perception cognitive of Chinese character. This study aims at expanding the discursive space for the incorporation of convergence theory and methodology. Presenting a semiotic model of sensory perception, the paper attempts to contribute to the establishment of semiotics based on Chinese characters which display eminent iconic, symbolic and cognitive functions.
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Cosimo Laneve i Rosatilde Margiotta. "Metaphor: the power of signification in teaching". Ensino em Re-Vista 29 (26.10.2022): e048. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/er-v29a2022-48.
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This article presents a discussion about the application of metaphors in the meaning of words as an original way of interpreting the world due to the ability of this linguistic resource to adapt to the multiplicity of being, with its different meanings. It was intended to define the concept of metaphor bringing the vision of Aristotle (1987), as well as delimiting the reflexes of the adoption of terms and words for figurative representation. The potential for cognitive abstraction of metaphors that arises from associations is evidenced and ends up enriching and valuing hermeneutic pluralism in everyday expression and also in scientific language.
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Létourneau, René. "Interjection, concept et signification dans les Communia gramatice". Articles spéciaux 68, nr 1 (20.06.2012): 211–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1010219ar.
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Résumé Les Communia gramatice, un compendium grammatical anonyme rédigé autour de 1250 dans le milieu éclectique de la Faculté des arts de Paris et contenu aujourd’hui uniquement dans le manuscrit 16617 du fonds latin de la Bibliothèque nationale de France, traitent entre autres du statut linguistique de l’interjection. La notion de signification, au sens de contenu de connaissances et de rapport référentiel entre un mot et son signifié, y joue un rôle fondamental : la principale difficulté onto-grammaticale présentée par l’interiectio étant précisément de déterminer la nature de sa signification. L’auteur anonyme des Communia gramatice pose clairement la distinction classique entre la signification d’une émotion (affectus) et la signification d’un concept (conceptus), mais y apporte des nuances intéressantes de nature cognitive : nous sommes à une époque où la philosophie naturelle aristotélicienne vient tout juste de rencontrer la grammaire spéculative typiquement parisienne (vers 1240).
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Tajsin, Emilia A. "Signification and the Problem of Truth". Galactica Media: Journal of Media Studies 5, nr 3 (2.10.2023): 287–312. http://dx.doi.org/10.46539/gmd.v5i3.433.
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The great hopes of scientists in various fields, from computer science and mathematics to literature and art criticism, from analytical philosophy to post-structuralism, in the last third of the 20th and first quarter of the 21st centuries are assigned to semiotics, or the general theory of signs, which studies signification and its laws. Signification, or designation (denotation, signalizing, symbolization) is the widest-common procedure in scientific creativity and culture in general.
The scope of the semiotic approach and the abstractness of the categories of semiotics are such that they allow for speaking at least of the theoretical-cognitive, if not ontological, universality of its approaches and the general methodological validity of its tools. One is capable of thinking only on the basis of the semiotic mediation of reality; moreover, the essence of consciousness itself as a whole is reflective, and representative. The recognition of the great informative capacity and value of the basic semiotic concepts, as well as the extreme breadth of the subject of semiotics due to the actual or potential symbolic nature of human science and culture, the instrumental nature of signs and symbols which science, ethics, religion, and art are full of, allows us to hope that semiotics will play, in the near future, the role of a universal manifestor and communicator.
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Vallée, Richard. "Le retour du psychologisme en théorie de la signification". Dialogue 34, nr 4 (1995): 777–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300011124.
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Traditionnellement, une théorie de la signification doit rendre compte à la fois des conditions de vérité des phrases des langues naturelles et des relations évidentes qu'entretiennent le langage et la pensée. À ce titre, le paradigme frégéen est un modele du genre. Une phrase y est dite exprimer une pensée, laquelle lui sert de valeur cognitive et a une valeur de vérité. Différentes occurrences d'une même phrase expriment une même pensée. Si cette phrase a une occurrence dans un contexte d'attitude propositionnelle, elle réfère à la pensée qu'elle exprimerait en contexte ordinaire. La théorie de la référence directe a fait voler en éclats cette image aussi simple que claire de la relation entre langage et pensée. C'est sur cet arrière-plan que prend place le livre de François Récanati, Direct Reference. Une bonne partie des efforts de l'auteur est en effet consacrée à rétablir des liens aujourd'hui étiolés.
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Morato, Edwiges Maria, i Ingedore Villaça Koch. "Linguagem e cognição: os (des)encontros entre a lingüística e as ciências cognitivas". Cadernos de Estudos Lingüísticos 44 (24.08.2011): 85–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.20396/cel.v44i0.8637066.
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In this article we try to contextualize the relations between Linguistics and Cognitive Sciences from a pragmatic-discursive standpoint. For this purpose, we proceed with a critical study of the streams that, in Linguistics, postulate a close relation between language and cognition, concerning some fundamental notions such as communication, use and context. Finally we list the theoretical bases upon which a conceptual bridge betweeen language and cognition can be established: a relation of mutual constitutiveness, which necessarily passes through the processes of signification and in which discourse intervenes.
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Romero, Brenda M. "Musical Semiotics as a Tool for the Social Study of Music. By Óscar Hernández Salgar. Translated by Brenda M. Romero." Ethnomusicology Translations, nr 2 (1.07.2016): 1–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.14434/emt.v0i2.22335.
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Recent studies on musical signification have been characterized by an apparently insurmountable gap between disciplines that focus on the musical text as sound (music theory, musicology), those that focus on the hearing subject (cognitive sciences, psychology of music), and those that focus on social discourses about music (ethnomusicology, anthropology, sociology). This article argues that the most recent theoretical advances in music semiotics provide means to overcome this gap. After a brief examination of some key concepts in music semiotics, the author identifies three approaches to this problem: the semiotic-hermeneutic approach, the cognitive-embodied approach, and the social-political approach. This classification allows him to introduce a brief methodological proposal for the study of musical signification from different academic perspectives.Originally published in Spanish in Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales, y Artes Escénicas 7, no. 1 (January 2011):39-77.
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Ungureanu, Manuela. "Reading the Minds of Others: Radical Interpretation and the Empirical Study of Childhood Cognitive Development". Dialogue 43, nr 3 (2004): 527–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300003085.
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RésuméLe point de vue de Davidson sur les concepts de croyance et de signification implicites dans nos pratiques d'attribution de croyance et de signification pent à bon droit être mis à l'épreuve par une élucidation de ses rapports avec la psychologie empirique. Mais une telle mise à l'épreuve n'a de valeur que si elle confronte d'abord l'idée reçue voulant que sa position a peu ou pas de liens avec l'étude empirique du développement cognitif. Je défends ici une approche du point de vue de Davidson qui montre clairement en quoi une vaste gamme de découvertes empiriques en psychologie du développement — souvent considérées comme non pertinentes, voire comme incompatibles, avec son enquête conceptuelle — est en fait fort pertinente et en harmonie avec lui.
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Perdicoyianni-Paléologou, Hèléne. "Le verbe ảκούω chez Hérodote et Thucydide: perception auditive vs. appréhension cognitive". Anales de Filología Clásica 2, nr 32 (1.11.2019): 47–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.34096/afc.i32.8369.
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Le présent travail vise à étudier la signification du verbe ἀκούω chez Hérodote et Thucydide. L’étude sémantique de diverses constructions syntaxiques du verbe permet de définir sa valeur fondamentale et ses valeurs métaphoriques, ses domaines d’emplois et les spécificités, monosémique ou polysémique, par lesquelles ceux-ci sont constitués.
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Rasmussen, Eric Dean. "Lynne Tillman's Literary Ecologies: Affect, Cognition, and Signification in American Genius, A Comedy". CounterText 5, nr 3 (grudzień 2019): 395–443. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/count.2019.0172.
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Attuned to the need for ecologically informed criticism addressing the ‘affective turn’ in contemporary fiction, and following upon psychoanalytic critiques of the fantasies underlying neoliberal ideology, this article engages critically with questions concerning affect and meaning through a deliberate reading of Lynne Tillman's American Genius, A Comedy (2006). Tillman's encyclopaedic novel – narrated by an erudite, obsessive woman, Helen, afflicted with an irritating skin condition – is read as a cognitive-affective fiction that provides an oblique psychoanalysis of post-9/11 America: a neoliberal culture of would-be victims where the ascendant sensibility is hyper-sensitivity. While some literary theorists have recently advocated for phenomenological approaches less focused on interpretation and critique and more receptive to corporeal experiences, Helen's digressive, repetitive, skin-fixated narration reminds readers just how irritating, and funny, tangibility and ‘presence effects’ can be – precisely because of the curious way affects inevitably generate meaningful thinking. Tillman's artful syntax registers a heightened sensitivity to how affective forces in the environment, including language, stimulate our embodied minds and shape our thinking, feeling, and interactions. Much affect-studies scholarship claims affect circumvents semantics and resists being captured in language. But Tillman's writing, this article argues, contests notions of ineffable affect. Tillman's investment in transcribing affective phenomena, it is claimed, belies neither an individualistic or a solipsistic concern with subjective response, nor a radical materialist commitment to pushing the materialities of communication to the brink of meaninglessness. Affect, American Genius ingeniously demonstrates, is integral to eco-critical thinking. This account of affective circulations in American Genius demonstrates how Tillman successfully takes up the challenge of conveying, in prose, the complex, infra-linguistic affective processes underlying embodied communication and cognition. After introducing the novel, Section Two, ‘Ambivalent Belief’ explains how its opening prepares readers to confront what Slavoj Žižek calls the contemporary crisis of belief. Section Three tests and ultimately rejects the hypothesis that American Genius expresses a meaningless posthistoricist aesthetic; rather, Tillman's ecological aesthetic entails a meticulous staging of how imbricated cognitive processes are within the biological human body and political social body. Through her recursive prose, Tillman creates a mediating space for staging affectively inflected meta-cognitions. Section Four analyses passages where these meta-cognitions involve ecological perceptions. The critical focus throughout is on form. Deliberate readings reveal how, sentence by sentence, Tillman's ‘skintax’ evokes multidimensional corporeal processes that constitute the affective dimension of thinking. ‘Sensitivity and Making Sense’, the Fifth Section, identifies the ethical core of Tillman's eco-aesthetic and unpacks passages that expand the concept of sensitivity in ways that attune readers to affective modulations of the social that are potentially transformative.
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Scialfa, Charles, Pat Spadafora, Marianne Klein, Agata Lesnik, Lindsay Dial i Antje Heinrich. "Iconic Sign Comprehension in Older Adults: The Role of Cognitive Impairment and Text Enhancement". Canadian Journal on Aging / La Revue canadienne du vieillissement 27, nr 3 (2008): 253–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/cja.27.3.267.
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RÉSUMÉBien comprendre les panneaux de signalisation est critique pour bien conduire aun véhicule, réagir aux avertissements, et s'orienter. Les aînés qui comprennent mal un panneau routier risquent davantage de subir un accident et de voir leur indépendance compromise. La présente étude visait à déterminer le degré de compréhension des pictogrammes par des aînés en bonne santé et des aînés souffrant de déficience. De plus, nous nous sommes demandé si l'ajout de texte aux pictogrammes permettrait aux aînés de les mieux comprendre. Lors de l'Expérience 1, nous avons demandé à des jeunes adultes, à des adultes plus âgés en bonne santé et aussi à des aînés souffrant de déficience cognitive à divers degrés, la signification de 65 panneaux routiers visant la conduite, les avertissements, et l'orientation. Les adultes plus âgés en bonne santé comprenaient bien la signalisation en général, mais avaient de la difficulté à déterminer ce que signifiait le panneau d'orientation. Les aînés souffrant de déficience cognitive comprenaient en général moins bien les panneaux routiers et en particulier les icônes d'orientation et les panneaux avec seulement un pictogramme. Au cours de l'Expérience 2, nous avons demandé à des aînés en bonne santé la signification de panneaux comportant seulement des icônes ou des icônes avec du texte. La compréhension était améliorée de façon importante lorsque le panneau comportait du texte. Ce travail a démontré que l'évaluation de la compréhension des panneaux de signalisation doit porter sur un vaste échantillon hétérogène d'adultes plus âgés dans l'échelle de capacités perceptuelles et cognitives représentées dans la population.
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Bienvenu, Alexis. "Les propositions invérifiables ont-elles un sens? Probabilité, action et signification chez Hans Reichenbach". Dialogue 45, nr 1 (2006): 45–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300000317.
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ABSTRACTHans Reichenbach argued in Experience and Prediction (1938) that the theory of meaning defended by Logical Positivism, i.e., “strict verificationism,” failed to give a relevant criterion for cognitive meaningfulness. He replaces it with a wholly probabilistic criterion that allows us to establish a pragmatic connection between language and action. But serious difficulties arise in the justification of his theory. The aim of this article is to assess some of these difficulties and to indicate a way to solve them in a “reichenbachian” way.
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Desclés, Jean-Pierre, i Zlatka Guentchéva. "La polysémie verbale appréhendée par une sémantique cognitive et formelle". SHS Web of Conferences 46 (2018): 12005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/shsconf/20184612005.
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L’étude de la polysémie verbale (et prépositionnelle) revient à construire un réseau dont la racine est un invariant sémantique et les noeuds des schèmes. Chaque schème représente une signification sous la forme de relations emboîtées de situations construites à l’aide de primitives sémantiques : types primitifs des différentes entités; primitives relationnelles telles que le mouvement, le changement, l’effectuation d’une action, le contrôle et la visée téléonomique. Ces primitives sont liées aux activités cognitives de perception et d’action, plus ou moins intentionnelles. L’article traite plus spécialement des verbes polysémiques franêais, ‘arrêter’, s’arrêter’, ‘garer’ et ‘se garer’.
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Al-Kufaishi, Adil. "Translation as a learning and teaching strategy". Babel. Revue internationale de la traduction / International Journal of Translation 50, nr 1 (22.09.2004): 45–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/babel.50.1.06alk.
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Abstract This paper deals primarily with the potentiality a translation task could bring to the learning/teaching environment. Since translation deals with language in its socio-cultural communicative context, it could serve as an indispensable teaching/learning tool, a medium for developing the learners’ communicative competence and for teaching properties and types of meaning, underlying semantic relationships, communicative language functions, sentential and suprasentential information structure and discourse values. In this paper, it is argued that translation is a. an interlingual, interactive, communicative and cognitive activity b. a macro-skill that subsumes a number of micro-skills c. a meaningful task-based exercise, a problem-solving exercise that helps develop the learners’ data processing capabilities d. a meaningful communicative context for presenting and practising language forms and lexical items e. a means for highlighting interlingual structural differences, and f. a medium for teaching thematic meaning Résumé Cet article traite principalement du potentiel qu’une tache de traduction pourrait présenter pour l’environnement d’apprentissage ou d’enseignement. Étant donné que la traduction traite de la langue dans son contexte communicatif socioculturel, elle pourrait servir d’outil indispensable d’enseignement ou d’apprentissage, un moyen de développer les compétences de communication des apprenants, et d’enseigner les propriétés et types de signification qui sous-tendent les relations sémantiques, les fonctions de communication de la langue, la structure d’information phraseale et subphraseale et les valeurs du discours. Dans cet article, nous soutenons que la traduction est: a. une activité interlinguale, interactive, communicative et cognitive b. une macro-technique qui subsume un certain nombre de micro-techniques c. un exercice significatif basé sur une tache — un exercice de résolution d’un problème qui aide a développer les capacités de traitement des données des apprenants d. un contexte communicatif significatif pour présenter et pratiquer les formes de la langue et les élements lexicaux e. un moyen de souligner les différences structurelles interlinguales f. un moyen d’enseigner la signification thématique.
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Andrews, Edna, Hayes Bierman, Brogan Hannon i Huijuan Ling. "Semiosis and embodied cognition: The relevance of Peircean semiotics to cognitive neuroscience". Sign Systems Studies 52, nr 1-2 (26.09.2024): 49–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2024.52.1-2.02.
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Valentina Cuccio and Vittorio Gallese stimulated renewed interest in semiotic contributions to the cognitive neurosciences by bringing C. S. Peirce and his theory of signs to elucidate important notions that provide the foundation for understanding embodied cognition and its critical role in explaining both literal and figurative (abstract and concrete) concepts from phylogenetic and neurobiological perspectives. This is not surprising since Peirce always framed his theory of signs in terms of cognition, a point noted by many Peircean scholars (including David Savan, Ivo A. Ibri, Piotr Konderak and others). Cuccio and Gallese focus on Peirce at the level of Firstness, and include the important principle of abductive inference as well as iconicity (a principle of Peirce’s sign–object triad). In the following analysis, we identify other important contributions of Peirce for cognitive neuroscience and modelling of embodied cognition by shifting the lens from Firstness to Thirdness, from abduction and iconicity to Peirce’s theory of interpretants. Our analysis will include a presentation of the Peircean sign complex and its relevance in defining signification, semiosis, and synthesis (including acquisition, maintenance and production) of knowledge. Finally, we will argue that Peircean interpretants are essential to explicating the notion of embodied cognition as presented by Gallese and George Lakoff in their 2005 seminal work.
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Lalitte, Philippe. "Mártha Grabócz, direction éditoriale. Sens et signification en musique. Paris: Hermann Éditeurs, 2007". Musicae Scientiae 13, nr 2 (wrzesień 2009): 441–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/102986490901300210.
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Lepesqueur, Marcus. "Schémas des interactions sémiotiques dans la construction du sens délirant". Semiotica 2015, nr 205 (1.06.2015): 207–28. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2015-0004.
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RésuméCet article vise à présenter la Sémiotique Cognitive comme un modèle de recherche capable de décrire une partie des processus cognitifs sous-jacents au sens délirant. Plus précisément, il est proposé ici que la reformulation théorique du modèle d’intégration conceptuelle proposée par Brandt et Brandt (2005) peut soutenir la description d’une partie du processus de signification délirante dans la schizophrénie. On a analysé des entrevues et des conversations spontanées d’une patiente souffrant de schizophrénie. Il s’agit d’un cas typique présentant des symptômes très semblables aux définitions traditionnelles et aux types communément trouvés dans la pratique clinique. L’étude de cas présentée ici suggère qu’une forme schématique d’interaction sémiotique compose le noyau des événements délirants de cette patiente. Ce noyau conceptuel est décrit comme une sorte d’interaction iconique entre un antagoniste et le sujet, tel que décrit par Brandt (2007). Ce schéma d’interaction est une forme élémentaire d’interprétation et d’organisation de l’expérience de la patiente. Une partie de la signification délirante peut être comprise à travers les processus d’intégration conceptuelle organisée par ces formes sémiotiques. En somme, ces formes sont comme des schémas de pertinence qui organisent l’interprétation délirante.
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Lerbet, Georges. "Alternance et cognition". Éducation Permanente N° 236, nr 3 (18.09.2023): 141–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/edpe.236.0141.
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L’auteur se propose de chercher à capter la signification des pratiques d’alternance dans leur relation dialectique entre les personnes qui les vivent, et les structures institutionnelles qui servent à les décrire. À partir de la description de ces interactions, il tente de faire émerger la pertinence cognitive qu’il peut y avoir à y recourir, pertinence qui tient au sens que produit cette forme d’apprentissage pour les personnes en quête de savoir et pour les ouvertures sociales qu’elles peuvent aider à esquisser dans la lutte contre l’échec scolaire.
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Granata, Vincent. "Langage(s) de la musique : sur la nature du symbolisme musical". Cahiers philosophiques 177, nr 2 (2.10.2024): 39–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.3917/caph1.177.0040.
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La musique est souvent traitée comme une forme de langage qui renvoie au monde, à la réalité et à l’existence. Mais si la musique nous parle, que dit-elle et comment le fait-elle ? Cet article vise à clarifier le sens des concepts de signification et de langage lorsqu’ils sont appliqués à la musique. Il défend l’idée que la musique est bien une forme de langage, mais qui ne « parle » ni ne « dit » rien : son fonctionnement est sémiotique, tout en étant incomparable à celui du langage ordinaire. Cette thèse se positionne contre une théorie « ineffabiliste », selon laquelle la musique aurait une signification, mais indicible ou inexprimable en mots. Le but est ainsi de rendre compte de la valeur cognitive des œuvres musicales et de leur capacité à nous révéler des aspects inexplorés des choses de monde, à transformer nos façons de l’envisager, de le décrire et de l’interpréter.
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Tikhonov, Anatolii Sergeevich, Vladimir Grigor'evich Semenov, Renata Vasil'evna Mikhailova, Ekaterina Vasil'evna Agaeva, Dmitrii Nikolaevich Vorobev, Elena Nikolaevna Ivanova i Nadezhda Aleksandrovna Sergeeva. "From Cognitive Archaeology to a Theory of the Mind, Involved in the Material World. The Foundations of Lambros Malafouris' Material Engagement Theory". Философская мысль, nr 1 (styczeń 2023): 1–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.25136/2409-8728.2023.1.39600.
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The aim of the study is to uncover the conceptual foundations of Lambros Malafouris' Material Engagement Theory. In order to realise this aim, we have used comparative-historical and analytical-interpretative methods to explicate the genesis, basic assumptions and concepts of the theory. In particular, we have shown that the theory of mind development, involved in the material world, arises in the framework of Colin Renfrew's cognitive-processual archeology. Using evidence from material culture, its proponents attempt to answer the question of the emergence and development of human cognitive functions. To find an answer to the question, Malafouris uses the treatment of the mind as extended into the external world, applying the metaphor of creative dynamic co-evolution. Mind emerges and functions through an ongoing process of mutual enactment of embodied mind and material environment. To identify the specifics of this co-evolutionary treatment, we have explicated the key concepts of material engagement theory: metaplasticity, material agency and material-enactivating signification. They characterise the effects of the cognitive-material engagement process. The scientific significance lies in the fact that of the study contributes to understanding the heuristic potential of Material Engagement Theory, which is emerging within the research programme of embodied cognition.
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Rinon, Yoav. "Mise en abyme and Tragic Signification in the Odyssey: The Three Songs of Demodocus". Mnemosyne 59, nr 2 (2006): 208–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/156852506777069673.
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AbstractThis essay highlights some aspects of the tragic conception of the Odyssey in assertion of its generic identity, focusing on the three songs of the bard Demodocus recounted in Book 8 of the epic and using mise en abyme as the primary exegetical tool. Mise en abyme, a narratological term denoting a certain part of a literary work of art that represents the work as a whole, functions in Demodocus' first song to mark the Odyssey as an epic in dialogue with the Iliad. The second song functions as a mise en abyme of both the content of the Odyssey and its poetic form. The last of the bard's songs enhances the perception of mise en abyme, viewing the Odyssey as an act of communication between poet and audience where the song and its responding listeners suggest emotional and cognitive reactions to the narratees of the Odyssey. This song also reflects the two earlier ones, and it is this dialogical relationship that leads to the epic's tragic signification.
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Rahimi, Sadeq. "Is cultural logic an appropriate concept? A semiotic perspective on the study of culture and logic". Sign Systems Studies 30, nr 2 (31.12.2002): 455–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/sss.2002.30.2.06.
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It is argued that (a) the question of ‘cultural logic’ is a valid inquiry for disciplines seeking to comprehend and compare mental processes across cultures, and (b) semiotics, as the science of studying signs and signification, is an appropriate means of approaching the question of cultural logic. It is suggested that a shift needs to be made in studying reasoning across cultures from the traditional value-oriented methods of judgment to a meaningoriented assessment. Traditional methods of cross-cultural comparison are suggested to be flawed in their attempt to develop a psychological account of why different cultural societies can draw different conclusions from ‘similar’ data, because they typically do not take into account the culturally-specific processes of ‘meaning’ and semiosis. These processes, it is argued, cause input data to develop differentially from one semiotic context to another. In other words, before reaching the cognitive processing level data is already shaped by the semiotic context, thus what is processed cognitively by two individuals in two cultural/semiotic contexts is no longer ‘the same.’ A semiotically conceived notion of cultural logic is therefore a crucial factor in any cross-cultural study of cognitive and psychological systems.
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Leroy, Véronique, Jean-Baptiste Dayez, Moïra Mikolajczak i Jacques Grégoire. "Gérer la tentation en situation d’apprentissage : comparaison de la réévaluation cognitive avec l’obéissance à un ordre". Revue des sciences de l’éducation 37, nr 3 (11.03.2013): 489–506. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1014755ar.
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Quand un étudiant se retrouve en situation de tentation, ses parents/professeurs usent fréquemment de leur autorité pour le convaincre de persister dans son apprentissage. La présente étude propose une autre stratégie : la réévaluation cognitive. Elle consiste à changer la signification de la situation. Quatre-vingt-dix participants ont mémorisé des informations tout en étant tentés de regarder des images. Comparés à ceux qui n’avaient pas effectué de réévaluation ou qui avaient reçu l’injonction de bien faire, le groupe ayant réévalué la tâche (1) s’est moins laissé distraire, (2) a amélioré sa performance et (3) a attribué plus de valeur à la tâche.
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Song, Hyosup. "Creating and applying a narrative-semiosis model". Chinese Semiotic Studies 17, nr 1 (14.01.2021): 109–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/css-2021-0005.
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Abstract In this study, I explore a new model of narrative that contains interactions between three levels of story – narrative story, cognitive story, and social story. With this new model, narrative is no longer a static form but rather a whole signifying process among levels. I term this new model narrative-semiosis. The narrative-semiosis model in this study is closely related to the six elements of Jakobson’s communication model. In my new model, cognitive story exists in the minds of both the addresser and addressee, and social story exists in the context where human beings think and perform in the real world. Cognitive story is inferred from the message that is in a narrative story. In this paper, I describe the semiotic interactions among the three levels of stories, not unidirectional but bidirectional, in my narrative-semiosis model. I also validate my model by applying it to a traditional Korean shaman epic Danggumagi and a painting text, Sun and Moon, describing their semiotic narrative signification.
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Ricca, Mario. "Otherness, elsewhere, and the 'Ecology' of law's implications: The semiotic oceans surrounding legal signification and its discriminatory exteriority/objectivity". International Journal of Legal Discourse 5, nr 2 (18.11.2020): 185–237. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/ijld-2020-2034.
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AbstractModern legal systems’ efficacy and self-consistency rely upon semantic/cultural conditions that they do not engender and are unable to maintain without resorting to the cognitive provisions gushing out from freedom—this is the preliminary assumption of this essay. Some factors play a generative role in this direction. The cornerstone of legal modernity is the ‘exteriority’ of law. This means that legal qualifications have to draw from the morphological appearances of human behaviors and relate to only their empirical/factual signification and consequences. The domain of intentions, the internal forum, is out of law’s cognitive reach. The whole grammar of modern liberties is somehow imbued with the idea that freedom can exist only insofar as a ‘zone’ of behavioral autonomy is granted by means of objectively determined rights and duties. The formal features of these rights and their pragmatic implications cannot therefore be opined just because their exterior significance allegedly assures a shelter for individual freedom. In a sense, freedom is considered as an epiphenomenon of the protection afforded by the past reification of rights. The ensuing silent assumption is that should freedom redefine the content and the objective behavioral implementations of those rights, it would annihilate itself. What this approach overwrites, however, is that the morphological appearances of gestures and things stem from cultural and inter-subjective-discursive activities—a kind of semantic social contract—that can never be considered accomplished once and for all. This is because the very molding of the shapes and features of morphological appearances implies that freedom, viz. a non-indifferent differing is at work. But freedom, in turn, is a ‘phenomenon’ the origin of which dwells in the individuals’ internal forum, their own experiences, including their mnestic environment and the semiotic crossroads that constitute their minds. Nevertheless, legal terminological apparatuses—as shown above—are treated/used as systems of signs that encapsulate a semantic discontinuity in their legitimacy, a setback in the definition not only of what it is to be, but also the factual dimension to which legal categorizations implicitly refer. This discontinuity is often passed off as an objectivity normatively granted and absorbed by legal language that includes not only the meanings of what ‘ought to be’ but—silently—even of what ‘is.’ The exteriority of modern law and the objectivity of the related morphological assumption make up, therefore, the lexicon of ‘an’ equality somehow immunized against freedom and its semantic-political differentiating significance. The equality of differences before the law, but not inside the law, is the Kafkian liberticidal and mystifying outcome of the above Cartesian-fashioned misuse of law’s mythologized exteriority/objectivity and the epistemological sleight of hand for which such a binomial paves the way. The paper will analyze the extent to which the self-evidence bestowed upon morphological features encapsulated in official legal discourse epitomizes semiotic ideological assumptions and eases their instrumental/discriminatory use. Moreover, the normative and partisan misuses of the ‘cognitive’ will be explored to bring to the surface its function in the obscuring of the semio-ecological surroundings of human conduct and the resulting impairment of the relevance of ‘Otherness’ and ‘Elsewhere’ (including chronological remoteness) in the semantic construction of legal cases. Ultimately, the paper will examine how law’s exteriority—namely, an objective exteriority of facts and the related meanings under its lens—is often transformed into a (pseudo) cognitive instrument of power employed to deny freedom its constitutional-democratic role as an unremitting source of law.
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De Almeida, Nazareno Eduardo. "Semantic Imagination as Condition to our Linguistic Experience". Principia: an international journal of epistemology 21, nr 3 (7.05.2018): 339–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/1808-1711.2017v21n3p339.
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The main purpose of this article is, from a semiotic perspective, arguing for the recognizing of a semantic role of the imagination as a necessary condition to our linguistic experience, regarded as an essential feature of the relations of our thought with the world through signification processes (and the sign systems they perform); processes centered in but not reducible to discourse. The text is divided into three parts. The first part presents the traditional position in philosophy and cognitive sciences that had barred until recent times the possibility to investigate the semantic function performed by imagination, mainly due to the anti-psychologist arguments on which it is based. After that, I situate my perspective inside of the recent research panorama in philosophy and cognitive science. The second part presents the semiotic framework on the relation between thought, language, and world, conceived through the concepts of signification processes and sense-conditions. Within this framework, I introduce the concept of linguistic experience, characterizing semantic imagination as one of its sense-conditions. In the third part, several pieces of evidence for corroborating the semantic function of imagination are discussed. These pieces come from the fields of phenomena denoted as diagrammatic thought and counterfactual thought. Diagrammatic thought, briefly discussed, points out the semantic work of imagination in the semi-discursive sign systems constructed in mathematics, logic, and natural science. After defending a widening of the concept of counterfactual thought, and its intrinsic relation with semantic imagination, the role of semantic imagination is briefly discussed in some types of counterfactual thought found in our conceptions of modal concepts, in thought experiments, in apagogical arguments, and in the creative discursive devices.
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Malafouris, Lambros. "Mark Making and Human Becoming". Journal of Archaeological Method and Theory 28, nr 1 (29.01.2021): 95–119. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10816-020-09504-4.
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AbstractThis is a paper about mark making and human becoming. I will be asking what do marks do? How do they signify? What role do marks play in human becoming and the evolution of human intelligence? These questions cannot be pursued effectively from the perspective of any single discipline or ontology. Nonetheless, they are questions that archaeology has a great deal to contribute. They are also important questions, if not the least because evidence of early mark making constitutes the favoured archaeological mark of the ‘cognitive’ (in the ‘modern’ representational sense of the word). In this paper I want to argue that the archaeological predilection to see mark making as a potential index of symbolic representation often blind us to other, more basic dimensions of the cognitive life and agency of those marks as material signs. Drawing on enactive cognitive science and Material Engagement Theory I will show that early markings, such as the famous engravings from Blombos cave, are above all the products of kinesthetic dynamics of a non-representational sort that allow humans to engage and discover the semiotic affordances of mark making opening up new possibilities of enactive material signification. I will also indicate some common pitfalls in the way archaeology thinks about the ‘cognitive’ that needs overcome.
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Saariluoma, Pertti, i Rebekah Rousi. "SYMBOLIC INTERACTIONS:TOWARDS A COGNITIVE SCIENTIFIC THEORY OF MEANING IN HUMAN TECHNOLOGY INTERACTION". JOURNAL OF ADVANCES IN HUMANITIES 3, nr 3 (25.12.2015): 310–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.24297/jah.v3i2.5145.
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Information technology has perpetuated the role of symbolism in everyday life practice, through its reliance on sign systems for its creation and operation. Increasingly attention has been placed on applying semiotic techniques to analyze user interface design and usability. Surprisingly, although the move towards symbolic interaction has been one of the most striking components of the digital shift, it has proven difficult to build bridges between semiotics and HTI-design thinking. In this article we argue that the problems in linking semiotic analysis of human technology interaction with modern HTI-design paradigms such as usability or user experience arise from a theoretical gap between the paradigms of semiotics, human cognition and thinking. Consequently, it is necessary to reformulate principal insights of semiotics such as the triangle of reference, by replacing the intuitive concept of thought, with modern philosophical and psychological concepts of human thinking. This allows the unification of usability research based on cognitive research with the analysis of signs in modern semiotics. It is possible to unify the conceptual analysis of signification and semiosis with conceptual and empirical work typical to modern human technology interaction research and design, thus making semiotics an essential tool within the swiftly developing paradigms of interaction design.
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Chaabouni, Ines, i Anis Jarboui. "Effect of Board’s Skills on Stakeholder Value". Asian Journal of Empirical Research 6, nr 4 (20.08.2016): 84–100. http://dx.doi.org/10.18488/journal.1007/2016.6.4/1007.4.84.100.
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The aim of this paper is to discuss the effect of the board’s capital on the firm value by the intermediation of the board’s functions. We took a sample of 73 Tunisian public limited companies and we tested the direct impact of the board’s functions on the firm value and its mediator role on the relationship between board’s capital and firm’s value by using structural equations. Our results show that only the board’s cognitive function has an impact on shareholder and stakeholder value. In fact, the board’s disciplinary function loses its signification by integrating the skills and competencies of directors. Moreover, the board’s cognitive function plays a mediator role between the board’s capital and the firm’s value. Our study aims to stress the new role of the board of directors as a provider of skills and expertise that can ameliorate the value of the firm by assisting the manager in making adequate decisions.
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Lilja, Eva. "Öyvind Fahlström’s Bord: Visual devices in poetry". Studia Metrica et Poetica 3, nr 2 (17.01.2017): 7–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/smp.2016.3.2.01.
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The poet and artist Öyvind Fahlström (1928–1976) was the leader of the Scandinavian avant-garde during the fifties and the beginning of the sixties. He wrote his only collection of poetry Bord [Tables] in 1952–1955, but it was not published until 1966. In this book he applies the aesthetic ideas of his two manifestos – signification is what matters in poetry but signification emanates out of the visual materiality of letters and the sounds of speech. Bord contains advanced visual poetry as well as sound poetry. We may notice that the same tools for description and analysis can be utilized for both these modalities, something that can be explained with the help of gestalt psychology and the image schemas of cognitive poetics.Fahlström’s poem “Den svåra resan” [“The hard journey”] is a three-pages score for speech choir and a beautiful visual poem as well. A harmonious, strict picture contrasts to the turbulent sounds. What you see and what you hear express different moods and supply different significations.The printed picture of elder free verse typically has a straight left margin and a wavering right one. After Fahlström, poets more and more tended to pattern the whole page. With time, Fahlströms ideas met with American language poetry, creating a special quality we recognize in contemporary poetry.
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Li, Wan Ying, i Byoung Guk Jeong. "The Effects of Visual Expression Elements of Environmental Poster Design on Information Understading". Institute of Art & Design Research 27, nr 1 (31.08.2024): 21–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.59386/jadr.2024.27.1.21.
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This study derived results through quantitative research methods to determine how various visual expression elements in environmental poster design affect information understanding. The multi-layered meaning of visual expression elements in environmental poster design has a great impact on public understanding and behavior patterns. However, it cannot be denied that there may be limits to validity in the process of receiving information, not all information sent is valid, and there may be misunderstandings. Therefore, in order to proceed with this study, we selected the top award winners from various international poster competitions, combined Roland Barthes' semiotic theory as an analysis standard, enumerated the objective signification and subjective signification processes of visual expression elements, and derived analysis results. did. In addition, through surveys and empirical research, the application and influence of various visual expression elements in the information understanding process were revealed, and the impact of the public's individual differences and cognitive preferences on information understanding was studied. As a result of the study, images, colors, and typography played a role as important media of information in the process of understanding information. It is hoped that the results of this study will serve as a theoretical basis for correct design direction and environmental poster design when designing environmental posters in the future.
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Iliopoulos, Antonis. "The Evolution of Material Signification: Tracing the Origins of Symbolic Body Ornamentation through a Pragmatic and Enactive Theory of Cognitive Semiotics". Signs and Society 4, nr 2 (wrzesień 2016): 244–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.1086/688619.
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Soletskyy, Oleksandr Markiian. "Emblematic Mechanisms and Psychoanalysis". Language and Psychoanalysis 8, nr 2 (6.10.2019): 4–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.7565/landp.v8i2.1602.
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In the paper the parallels between the emblematic “mechanisms” of signification and the psychoanalytic theory of Sigmund Freud as well as Carl Gustav Jung have been studied. The Austrian psychiatrist has discovered template schemes that become a visual delineation, the blueprint for developing his scientific vocabulary, methodology, classification of psycho-emotional behavioral types in mythological plots. The Eros and Thanatos images handling, the exploitation of mythical tales about Oedipus and Electra, Prometheus, Narcissus, and many other ones to specify the behavioral complexes denote the presence of “emblematic methodology” in the formation of psychoanalytic conceptions and categories. His interpretations of famous mythological plots are boiled down to emblematic reduction.
Carl Gustav Jung frequently selected symbolic notations as his research targets, which were a denotative space for expressing internal mental receptions and historic constellations of cultural axiology. In his writings we see the intention to assemble the concepts of image (iconic) and socio-cultural idea (conventional) into a sole compound that syncretically denote unity of meaning. Such an arrangement of iconic-conventional interdetermination is often significative elbowroom in Jung the decoding of which may allow to discern complex mental reflections. Notwithstanding the fact that he considers a symbol to be the standard unit of cognitive-cultural experience “conservation”, its functional semantics definition is fulfilled in emblematic patterns. This emblematic-cognitive form is not only a method of determining the initial images-ideas of the unconscious, “the mythological figures” of inner conflicts, typical experience of generations, but also the principle of justification and expression of his theory conceptual foundation. To a certain extent, it is an element of the Swiss psychologist’s scientific thinking style and language.
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Aidralieva, Alima. "CONCEPTS AND METHODS FOR THEIR DESCRIPTION". Alatoo Academic Studies 22, nr 4 (30.12.2022): 19–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.17015/aas.2022.224.02.
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The scientific article analyzes the term "concept". A concept is a verbalized concept, the formation of which is associated with the interpretation of a meaning oriented “to signification and communication”, and as a psycholinguist understands, if a concept is an ideal object that exists in our psyche, then it is natural that the same word in the psyche of different people can correspond to different mental formations, and in the minds of different people there may be different concepts. Each scientist has his own view of the concept and the allocation of its features. The difference in opinions is due to different visions of the role of language and the formation of the concept. All researchers of the cognitive direction are united by the anthropocentricity of the language itself. Scientists act as like-minded people in recognizing the connection of language with the culture of knowledge and experience, which are comprehended and verbalized by communicants in the language picture of the world. There were conclusions that the concept is a cognitive cell in the mental world of a person.
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Pantić, Rade. "Političko nesvesno postmodernističkog filma nostalgije / Political Unconscious of Postmodernist Nostalgia Film". AM Journal of Art and Media Studies, nr 2 (15.12.2012): 57–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.25038/am.v0i2.22.
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In this paper I will engage in the theory of American Marxist Fredric Jameson. To begin with I will give an overview of his Marxistic hermenautics and his concept of political unconscious. According to Jameson, every artistic text contains three levels of political unconscious: textual level, social level and historical level. At all three levels it is possible to detect a certain contradiction. At the first level, this contradiction is a textual and formal one, at the second it is based on a class antagonism, and at the final, third level it witnesses the antagonism between different modes of production. After words, I move on to the Jameson’s critique of postmodernism. Postmodernism has difficulties with a signification of the present mode of production, because late capitalism successfully removed the remains of the other modes of production. Lacking the active engagement with the past, postmodern texts are not able to constitute coherent representation of the present for which Jameson has come up with the term cognitive map. Paradigmatic example of this impossibility of cognitive mapping in postmodernism is nostalgia film. Jameson gives the best explanation of nostalgia film in his analysis of Stanley Kubric’s film The Shining. He concludes that political unconscious of nostalgia film is desire for cognitive mapping in the form ofclear class hierarchy that would enable construction of a new collective utopian program.
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Krebs, M. O., O. Gay, G. Martinez i I. Amado. "Signes neurologiques mineurs et contrôle moteur : ce qu’ils nous apprennent sur la schizophrénie, ses mécanismes et ses frontières". European Psychiatry 29, S3 (listopad 2014): 580–81. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.eurpsy.2014.09.282.
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Les signes neurologiques mineurs (SNM) sont des marqueurs aujourd’hui bien reconnus dans la schizophrénie, présents à un moindre degré chez les apparentés. Leur signification et leur spécificité reste néanmoins incertaines. Des aspects méthodologiques pourraient expliquer certaines de ces incertitudes (échelles variables selon les publications, méthodes de cotation sensible ou non au changement, types de signes pris en comptes etc) [1]. Les corrélats des SNM peuvent apporter des éléments de réponses sur leur origine et leur signification. Nous avons ainsi montré que la SNM sont associés à une moindre performance cognitive, à plus d’erreurs dans les tâches oculomotrices, notamment dans des tâches de saccades adaptatives [2], ainsi à une altération du circuit préfronto cérébelleux [3], suggérant un dysfonctionnement cérébelleux.Par ailleurs, nous avons également montré que les patients ayant des SNM ont une altération de la morphologie corticale, avec une moindre gyrification corticale, témoignant de l’origine développementale des SNM [4].Enfin, nous avons montré récemment que les SNM sont plus marqués chez les sujets présentant un début des troubles précoces, avant l’adolescence (avant 15 ans), comparés à ceux présentant un trouble débutant à l’âge adulte, suggérant à nouveau que les SNM sont les marqueurs d’une forme à charge développementale plus importante.L’association des SNM avec un âge de début précoce et des anomalies structurales touchant en particulier les circuits cérébelleux, suggère que les SNM pourraient permettre d’identifier un sous-type de schizophrénie précoce, et interroge sur un continuum avec les troubles du spectre autistique.
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Ancori, Bernard. "Évolution, complexité et consensus monétaire : un modèle théorique et quelques illustrations historiques". Économie appliquée 50, nr 3 (1997): 199–236. http://dx.doi.org/10.3406/ecoap.1997.1647.
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L’émergence grecque et la résurgence féodale d’un consensus monétaire, ainsi que la dématérialisation accélérée des supports concrets de la monnaie depuis le Moyen Age, sont modélisées en termes d’un processus auto-organisationnel à l’œuvre dans une économie cognitive complexe. Les communications interindividuelles des agents produisent les représentations partagées (voire pleinement collectives) qui sous-tendent l’existence d’un consensus monétaire. La dématérialisation des supports monétaires traduit ensuite sur le plan manifeste l’évolution la plus probable des habitudes mentales au sein de nos économies, où la monnaie prend toujours davantage la signification de dernier lien social possible. Le modèle théorique est illustré par la mise en perspective de l’échec du denier carolingien, et de la réussite de l’introduction des ancêtres de nos billets de banque par la Banque d’Amsterdam au début du XVII Ie siècle.
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Overmann, Karenleigh A. "Early Writing". Visible Language 56, nr 1 (9.05.2022): 8–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.34314/vl.v56i1.4934.
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This inquiry seeks to understand how the original form of writing in Mesopotamia—the small pictures and conventions of protocuneiform— became cuneiform, a script that could not be read without acquiring the neurological and behavioral reorganizations understood today as literacy. The process is described as involving small neurological and behavioral changes realized, accumulated, and distributed to new users through in- teractions with and concomitant incremental changes in the material form of writing. A related inquiry focuses on why and how numerical notations differ from other written signs. Crucially, numerical signs instantiate their meaning, a representational mode that contrasts with the signification used to represent non-numerical language and which makes numerical notations contiguous with their unwritten precursors, technologies like fingers, tallies, and counters. Instantiation is related to the perceptual system for quantity; this so-called number sense influences the function and form of numerical signs. Reading is then discussed as a cognitive activity that necessarily in- volves a material form, a plausible example of extended cognition. Because numerical notations share function and often form with precursor technolo- gies, if the former participate in extended cognition, the latter likely do as well. In conjunction with the contiguity between numerical notations and their unwritten precursors, this complicates the idea that (all) writing is (just) language. Finally, potential follow-on research is suggested.
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Marshall, Guy Clarke, i André Freitas. "Measuring diagram quality through semiotic morphisms". Semiotica 2021, nr 239 (8.02.2021): 125–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/sem-2019-0029.
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Abstract This paper outlines a method to assess the effectiveness of diagrams, from semiotic foundations. In doing so, we explore the Peircian notion of signification, as applied to diagrammatic representations. We review a history of diagrams, with particular emphasis on schematics used for representing systems, and uncover the neglect of semiotic analysis of diagrammatic representations. Through application of category theory to the Peircian triadic model, we propose a set of quantitative quality measures for diagrams, and a framework for their assessment, based on the properties of their encoding, pragmatic and perceptual morphisms. These measures include diagram complexity, utility, aesthetics and expert assessment of semiotic content, together with qualitative feedback. We consider the diagrams as an aid to cognitive processes, rather than a purely communication media. This utility-focused perspective on diagram quality dimensions allows for fresh insights into the creation of effective diagrams.
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Brückner, Martin. "The Place of Objects and Things in the Age of Materiality". Open Cultural Studies 3, nr 1 (1.01.2019): 494–502. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/culture-2019-0042.
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Abstract This essay reprises the status of objects in relation to critical conversations that favor things and thing studies over other methodologies of material culture studies. Recent discussions have dismissed objects as passive foils that lack in meaning. Glossing the factor of representation, however, these discussions have also glossed over a factor crucial in shaping the way in which the distinction between objects and things is made accessible in theory and practice. Two examples taken from eighteenth-century American literary culture, an anecdote by Benjamin Franklin and a sales ad published by the Pennsylvania Gazette, illustrate how in the process of representation objects become imbued with significance that reaches beyond mere signification and object classification. Once conceived as ‘material signs,’ objects become participants in cognitive environments in which seemingly meaningless symbols foster meaningful engagement with materiality.
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Zhao, Dandan, i Bo Pan. "Psychological Cognition and Thinking Needs in Visual Communication Design". E3S Web of Conferences 236 (2021): 05070. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/e3sconf/202123605070.
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The visual information design refers to the communication and exchange with the real world through the graphic signification. The understanding of a graph is a visual recognition process of the graphic object. The audience can feel the intangibility of the design work behind the tangibility during the transmission, perception, communication and resonance processes. The unconscious mind of the audience is aroused under the visual impact, thus reaching the goal of transmitting the concept of information appeal. Influenced by the holistic view of the Gestalt Psychology, the modern cognitive psychology highlights the comprehensive analysis of human cognitive process, while Gestalt psychologists lay the emphasis on the integrity of experience and behavior. According to the principle of Gestalt Psychology, the form perceived is not the direct imitation of an objective thing, but instead, it is the perceptual construction activity when eyes capture the thing. As a manifestation system in the visual perception research field, the Gestalt Psychology teases the related perceptual organization principles for the human cognitive process and promotes the development of the visual perception researches. Based on the Gestalt Psychology, it is proposed in this research to study psychological phenomena from the holistic dynamic structure, explore the visual information design, and exploit the design field of view and creative thinking, in an effort to form a new design philosophy which will play an important role in improving the aesthetic effect and visual impact of the design work.
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Hewitt, Marsha. "Affective and Cognitive Dimensions of Religious Experience: Toward a Conceptual/Theoretical Integrative Perspective". Studies in Religion/Sciences Religieuses 41, nr 1 (marzec 2012): 33–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0008429811430056.
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Although it may be widely accepted that the capacity for religious experience constitutes a mental state which, as with all mental states and inner experiences, has a neurological foundation, it is not so readily agreed upon as to what the psychological significance of such a state might be. That is to say, what are the affective components that pertain to that ‘more’ of religious experience that can be identified across specific religious traditions and histories? For William James, the proper study of religions must begin with the actual, felt religious experiences of human beings in specific contexts. Yet it is this focus on religious experience that appears to leave some contemporary theorists of religion uneasy, as if the exploration of the affective dimension negates or ‘softens’ the by now clear neurological basis of religious experience and beliefs. Underlying this unease, of course, is that the psychological/phenomenological approach conceals a hidden theological interest. That this is often true is more by contingency than theoretical necessity. This unease goes back at least as far as Freud’s ambivalence toward the ‘oceanic feeling,’ or what cognitive archaeologist David Lewis-Williams refers to as ‘absolute unitary being,’ which is a widely valued feature of religious experience for believers. This ambivalence should not marginalize the importance of ‘psychological significance,’ however, as it did in Freud’s writing on religion and as it continues to do in that of contemporary theorists, particularly those who turn to neuroscience as an important explanatory resource in the study of religious experience. This paper will argue that conceptual balance addressing the emotional and biological elements of religious experience is methodologically more adequate and theoretically richer than more strictly cognitive approaches, and will focus most centrally on the work of Sigmund Freud and David Lewis-Williams. Si l’idée que la capacité à l’expérience religieuse constitue un état mental qui, comme tous les états mentaux ou expériences intérieures, a une fondation neurologique est très largement partagée, la signification psychologique d’un tel état ne fait pas l’objet d’un tel consensus. En d’autres termes, quels sont les éléments affectifs ayant trait à ce « plus » de l’expérience religieuse qui peuvent être identifiés à travers les traditions et histoires spécifiques des religions ? Pour William James, l’étude des religions doit commencer par l’expérience réelle et ressentie par les êtres humains dans des contextes spécifiques. Cependant, cette attention portée à l’expérience religieuse semble laisser les théoriciens contemporains mal à l’aise, comme si l’exploration de cette dimension affective niait ou minimisait la base aujourd’hui clairement neurologique de l’expérience religieuse et des croyances. Accentuant ce malaise, bien sûr, l’approche psychologique/phénoménologique dissimule un présupposé théologique caché. Si ceci est souvent vrai, ça l’est par contingence plus que par nécessité théorique. Ce malaise nous renvoie au moins jusqu’à l’ambivalence freudienne envers le « sentiment océanique », ou à ce que l’archéologue constructiviste David Lewis-Williams appelle l’ ‘être absolu et un’ qui est un trait largement valorisé de l’expérience religieuse pour les croyants. Cette ambivalence ne doit pas marginaliser l’importance de la ‘signification psychologique’, comme ce fut le cas depuis les écrits de Freud sur la religion jusque chez les théoriciens contemporains, plus particulièrement ceux qui considèrent les neurosciences comme une ressource explicative dans l’étude de l’expérience religieuse. Cet article qui portera principalement sur les travaux de Sigmund Freud and David Lewis-Williams, montrera que l’équilibre conceptuel entre les éléments émotionnels et biologiques de l’expérience religieuse est plus adéquat et, d’un point de vue théorique, plus riche que des approches strictement cognitives.
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Budi. "PENGARUH CITRA DESTINASI TERHADAP NIAT BERKUNJUNG WISATAWAN KE JAKARTA". PROSIDING 2, nr - (19.07.2022): 53–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.59134/prosidng.v2i-.112.
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Destination image is important factor in tourism marketing. Destination image influences tourists’ decisions on destinations that tourists will visit. This research is quantitative research. Instruments were developed by adopting previous studies but still considering their relevance. Questionnaires are shared through the internet network. The research subjects were those who were not residents of Jakarta, and were at least 17 years old. Determination of samples using random sampling method. Validity Test, Reliability Test, Signification Test, Determinant Test, and Mediation Test were performed. Results show that according to tourists that Jakarta has varied, interesting and fun tourist attractions to visit. This positive destination image influences the intention of tourists to visit Jakarta and recommends their friends and relatives to visit Jakarta as well. The implication of this finding for tourism marketers is that cognitive destination images will influence the conative (actions) of tourists. Therefore tourism marketers should not only focus on building an induced destination image but also the organic destination image. Tourism marketers must be aware of general information circulating on public communication channels and social media regarding the tourist destinations because it will form a cognitive objective image which then affects the actions that will be taken by tourists onthe tourism destination.
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Hess, Gérald. "Ecological Self from an Aesthetic Point of View". Articles 33, nr 1 (2.03.2018): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/1050861ar.
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The present article develops an aesthetic signification for the idea of an ecological self proposed by Arne Næss and for its underlying relationship of identification. It is based on a discussion of a model of environmental aesthetics – the mystery model – by Stan Godlovitch. Godlovitch has presented his model as an alternative to the cognitive paradigm developed by Allen Carlson. While showing the value of this acentric aesthetic, I am proposing a different version of this model founded on a phenomenological approach – by French philosopher Maurice Merleau-Ponty. This perspective provides a better understanding of a subject's attitude of insignificance and aesthetic aloofness inherent in an acentric aesthetic experience of nature. It also shows what brings together and separates this experience, first from death, and secondly from mysticism. In so doing, it helps establish the legitimacy of the concept of the ecological self by looking at it in a new way.
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Novakovic, M. P., D. Mitrovic, Z. Maksimovic, Z. Naskovic i R. Novakovic. "Anxiety Forms of Patients with Balcans Endemic Nephropaty". European Psychiatry 26, S2 (marzec 2011): 1124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0924-9338(11)72829-2.
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AimsTo analyze the forms of anxiety with BEN of the dialyzed patients with sub-hypothesis: socio-demographical, psychopathological, and biological influences.MethodIn B&H dialyzed in 2009. 2879 patients because of chronic renal insufficiency. Dialysis started in B&H on patients with BEN (n = 348) were in the first group, and other the N18 group was formed of patients with other diseases (n = 405). Controls group consists of the patients with other nephrology diseases. Clinical observation lasted from 01.01.2000. to 31.12.2009. when the study was done. Research is a comparative study cut, and the patients are questioned: Renal Registry of B&H, BAI, HDRS, and MMSE.ResultsPatients of the Cases group are the age of: 64.77 ± 8.86, and Controls 53.85 ± 13.6. High socio-demographic significations are the places of living of the Cases group (c2 = 23. 970), P < 0.01; renal diseases in the place of residence (c2 = 23. 970), P < 0.01; in the family (c2 = 23,970); P < =0.001 and the migration (c2 = 4,874); P < 0. 01. BAI scale has very significant group differences P < 0.001 and the level differences at the emerging of the fear, HDRS scale has group signification P < 0.001 and the variables point out depressive and anxiety differences and MMSE cognitive differences.ConclusionAll patients which are interrogated at the dialysis in B&H from 2000. to 2009 have anxiety. Anxiety is more expressed in Cases group due to Control group, and comorbidity gives endemic factors for presuicidal risk for both groups.
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Ramadier, Thierry. "Articuler cognition spatiale et cognition environnementale pour saisir les représentations socio-cognitives de l’espace". Revue Internationale de Géomatique 30, nr 1-2 (styczeń 2020): 13–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.3166/rig.2020.00101.
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Cet article s’appuie sur un ensemble de recherches sur la cognition spatiale afin de montrer, d’une part, que des résultats encore éparses plaident un faveur d’une construction sociale des « cartes mentales », et d’autre part, que c’est en conjuguant l’analyse des significations sociales de l’espace géographique (cognition environnementale) avec celle des distributions topologiques des éléments géographiques intériorisées par les individus (cognition spatiale) qu’il est possible de rendre compte de cette socialisation de la cartographie cognitive. L’auteur interroge ainsi les raisons qui font obstacle à une analyse socio-cognitive des « cartes mentales », alors que, par ailleurs, les représentations cartographiques sont maintenant largement reconnues comme étant des constructions sociales. Il propose de favoriser cette articulation entre cognition spatiale et environnementale en explorant de manière interdisciplinaire l’hypothèse selon laquelle les significations sociales de l’espace servent en quelque sorte de « coordonnées géographiques » aux représentations cognitives de l’espace.
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Hoxha, Bujar. "On some Passions of the Characters in Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet” (a Semiotic Prospective)". European Journal of Language and Literature 7, nr 1 (21.01.2017): 129. http://dx.doi.org/10.26417/ejls.v7i1.p129-134.
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The aim of the present paper shall be to analyze determined semantic taxonomies of the main characters in Shakespeare’s “Romeo and Juliet”. The focus shall be on rendering characters’ actions passionate, due to a semiotics of action, as described in Greimas and Fontanille (1993). To my opinion, universal themes such as love, hatred, death, etc. can be subject to a passionate configuration of different characters perspective in action. This shall also be due to the recent definition of semiotics as a cognitive science on meaning interpretation. In conclusion, characters’ passions resulting as final semantic entities shall give this study an empirical account for at least two reasons: first to argument semiotics’ importance of artistic expressivity and second, to argument semiotics’ epistemological significance besides its ontological one. “The signs’ way” as Deely (2009) states, gives us the possibility of treating each character’s perspective separately, thus rendering the signification process for each sign taken as an example separately.
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Proust, Joëlle. "Les conditions de la connaissance de soi". Philosophiques 27, nr 1 (2.10.2002): 161–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/004971ar.
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RÉSUMÉ La connaissance de soi suppose que l’on puisse former des pensées vraies de la forme « je [.Psi] que P », où « [.Psi] » fait référence à une attitude propositionnelle, « P » à son contenu, et « je » au penseur de cette pensée. La question qui se pose est de savoir ce qui, dans le contenu mental occurrent [P], justifie l’auto-attribution de cette pensée. Ce problème, dit de la transition, soulève trois difficultés : celle de la préservation du contenu intentionnel entre la pensée de premier et de second ordre, celle de la reconnaissance de l’attitude ayant ce contenu intentionnel pour objet, et enfin la reconnaissance que ce qui est pensé l’est par le sujet qui pense. Le présent article se propose de montrer que la troisième difficulté résiste à une approche fondée sur l’expérience ou sur la signification cognitive de [P], et avance l’idée que la notion d’action mentale permet d’éclairer les conditions d’identité du penseur de [P] et du sujet de l’auto-attribution de l’attitude propositionnelle « [.Psi] que P ».
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Pacherie, Élisabeth. "Externalisme, rationalité et explanandum de la psychologie intentionnelle". Dialogue 34, nr 2 (1995): 237–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0012217300014694.
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À l'occasion de la tenue à Paris des Conférences Jean-Nicod de philoso-phie cognitive dont il a été le premier invité au printemps 1993, Jerry Fodor a présenté le dernier état de la théorie qu'il défend en philosophie de l'esprit1. Cette théorie se fonde sur trois théses sur la signification et l'esprit qui, prises séparément, semblent chacune dotée d'une certaine plausibilité, mais dont la cohérence mutuelle apparaît sujette à caution. L'objet des conférences données par Fodor était de montrer que, contrai-rement aux apparences, ces trois doctrines peuvent être conciliées. Toute-fois, de l'aveu même de Fodor, une telle conciliation n'est pas sans avoir un coût. II concéde notamment que sa stratégic de conciliation impose une revision du statut de certains phénoménes traditionnellement considérés comme des explananda pour une psychologie intentionnelle. II soutient cependant que le coût de cette opération reste raisonnable puisque les phé-noménes écartés sont de toute fa§on des phénoménes rares et marginaux.