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McWilliams, Brandon K. "Cuspate shoreline morphology". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Jun%5FMcWilliams.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2005.Thesis Advisor(s): Edward Thornton, Timothy Stanton. Includes bibliographical references (p. 53-54). Also available online.
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Ishikawa, Rei. "Historical shoreline change and beach morphodynamics at Rapahoe Bay, West Coast, New Zealand". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Geography, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1507.
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This thesis utilises a range of methodologies to investigate the historical shoreline change and beach morphodynamics at Rapahoe Bay, West Coast, New Zealand. Rapahoe Bay is a small embayment located 15 km north of Greymouth, and contains a complex and dynamic environment under a dominant swell condition. The objectives of this thesis include the investigation the coastline history through aerial photographs and relevant literature, identify and quantify historical shoreline change and the processes that have induced change, examine the short term and seasonal changes in beach profile, identify and quantify wave and transport process and to test the applicability of the zeta shoreline curve on a composite beach. This combined approach investigates the dynamics and process drivers involved in coastline change. This thesis contributes to the research gap of understanding morphodynamic behaviour and controls of composite beach under a dominant swell. Composite beaches types are a variation from mixed sand and gravel beaches with distinct morphological differences. This thesis provides an insight in to the morphodynamic behaviour of composite beaches. The study area contains a small village based by the shoreline and the potential coastal hazard that threatens people, property and infrastructure. Therefore the results from this thesis have an important management implication towards mitigating coastal hazards. The historical coastline change was induced through a combination of wave processes and transport, composite beach morphodynamic behaviour, anthropogenic influence and planform shape. Results show that human infrastructure restricted the retreat of a small hapua landward of the gravel barrier. A combination of change in sediment supply, consistent sediment transport and a high wave energy environment resulted in rapid landward retreat through gravel rollover and coastal erosion. The gravel barrier morphodynamics include increase in crest elevation, steeper shore gradients as a response to high swells resulting in erosion or rollover. The wave environment includes a sediment transport hinge point due to a dominant wave refraction and changes in the shoreline orientation, which further induces coastal erosion. The valid applicability of the zeta planform shape concludes that the shoreline may further iii retreat due to geological controls, potential sediment transport and the transgressive nature of the composite beaches. The combination of methods and results provide both quantified historical change and also potential future scenarios of coastline reshaping. These methods and results are applicable not only to Rapahoe but along other West Coast composite beaches, and the validity of the combination of methods provides a greater understanding of the behaviour of morphodynamic composite beaches and provides quantified results of historical shoreline change and sediment transport at the field site.
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Nieminen, Eugene A. "Sirens of the shoreline /". Online version of thesis, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/1850/10846.
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Ness, Kirsten L. "The Effects of Shoreline Development on Lake Littoral and Riparian Habitats: Are Shoreline Protection Regulations Enough?" Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2006. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/NessKL2006.pdf.
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Arriaga, García Jaime Alonso. "Dynamics of large-scale shoreline perturbations". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/620734.
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Shorelines around the world are rarely smooth and they can present undulations and cuspate shapes. On the one hand, human actions can cause shoreline perturbations via beach nourishments, which in turn perturb the wave field that drives the morphological changes. On the other hand, there can be natural perturbations in the coastal system due to positive feedbacks between the wave forcing and the evolving bathymetric contours. In this thesis, the dynamics of mega-nourishments and shoreline sand waves are investigated.
A morphodynamic model based on the wave-driven alongshore sediment transport, including cross-shore transport in a simplified way and neglecting tides, is improved and applied to the Zandmotor mega-nourishment on the Dutch Delfland coast. The model is calibrated with the bathymetric data measured from January 2012 to March 2013 using measured offshore wave forcing. The calibrated model reproduces the evolution of the shoreline and depth contours until March 2015. The modelled coastline diffusivity during the 3-yr period is of 0.0021 m^2/s, close to the observed value of 0.0022 m^2/s. In contrast, the coefficient of the classical one-line diffusion equation is 0.0052~m$^2$/s. Thus, the lifetime is predicted to be of 90 yr instead of 35 yr. This difference is attributed to the role played by the 60% of oblique waves in that climate. The dynamics of mega-nourishments are further investigated by designing analytic mega-nourishments with different asymmetry, shape and volume. It is found that narrow initial shapes are less diffusive than wider shapes and that the smaller nourishments are more diffusive than the bigger ones. Also, it is found that the initial asymmetry can influence the asymmetry in feeding capacity to adjacent beaches throughout 50 years. The mega-nourishment is also forced with wave climates of different obliquity percentages. Its diffusivity decays linearly with increasing obliquity and for very oblique wave climates (more than 80%) hotspot areas are formed at the sides (due to high-angle wave instability). The growth rate of the erosion hotspots is especially high for unimodal wave climates, which also makes mega-nourishments to migrate alongshore at rates of 40 m/yr.
Kilometric-scale shoreline sand waves have been observed in the northern flank of the Dungeness Cuspate Foreland (southeastern coast of U.K.). They consist of two bumps separated by embayments with a 350-450 m spacing. We have analyzed 36 shoreline surveys of 2~km length using the Discrete Fourier Transformation (DFT), from 2005 to 2016, and seven topographic surveys encompassing the intertidal zone, from 2010 to 2016. The data set shows two clear formation events, which are correlated with moments were the wave energy of high-angle waves is dominant over the low-angle waves. Also, a linear stability model based on the one-line approximation is applied to the site. It predicts accurately the formation moments, with positive growth rates in the correct order of magnitude for wavelengths similar to the observed ones. All these results confirm that the shoreline undulations in Dungeness are self-organized and that the underlying formation mechanism is the high-angle wave instability. The two detected formation events thus provide a unique opportunity to validate the existing morphodynamic models that include such instability.Las costas alrededor del mundo rara vez son suaves y pueden presentar ondulaciones y formas de cúspide. Por un lado, las acciones humanas pueden causar perturbaciones en la costa a través de rellenos de playa, lo que a su vez perturba el campo de oleaje que provoca los cambios morfológicos. Por otro lado, puede haber perturbaciones naturales en el sistema costero debido a la retroalimentación positiva entre el forzamiento del oleaje y la evolución de los contornos batimétricos. En esta tesis, se investiga la dinámica de los mega-rellenos y las ondas de arena en la linea de costa (de gran escala). Un modelo morfodinámico basado en el transporte longitudinal y que incluye el transporte transversal de una manera simplificada (ignorando el efecto de las mareas) es primero mejorado y después aplicado al mega-relleno de arena llamado Zandmotor. El modelo se calibra con los datos batimétricos medidos de enero de 2012 a marzo de 2013 y utilizando los datos de oleaje de una boya ubicada a 40 metros de profundidad. El modelo calibrado reproduce la evolución de la línea de costa y de los contornos batimétricos hasta marzo de 2015. La difusividad de la línea de costa modelada, durante el período de 3 años, es de 0.0021 m^2/s, cerca del valor observado de 0.0022 m^2/s. Por el contrario, el coeficiente de la ecuación clásica de difusión de una línea es 0.0052 ~ m^2/s. Por lo tanto, se predice que la vida útil será de 90 años en lugar de 35 años. Esta diferencia se atribuye al papel desempeñado por el 60% de las olas oblicuas en ese clima. La dinámica de los mega-rellenos se investiga con más profundidad mediante el diseño de mega-rellenos analíticos con diferentes asimetrías, formas y volúmenes. Se encuentra que las formas iniciales estrechas son menos difusivas que las formas anchas y que los rellenos más pequeños son más difusivos que los más grandes. Además, se encuentra que la asimetría inicial puede influir en la asimetría de la capacidad de alimentación de playas adyacentes a lo largo de 50 años. También se hacen simulaciones con climas de oleaje de diferentes porcentajes de oblicuidad. Su difusividad sigue un comportamiento lineal decreciente con el aumento de la oblicuidad. Para climas muy oblicuos (más del 80%) se forman áreas de erosión a los lados (debido a la inestabilidad de la ángulo grande). La tasa de crecimiento de los puntos calientes de erosión es especialmente alta para los climas de olas unimodales, lo que también hace que los mega-alimentos migren a lo largo de la costa a velocidades de 40 m / año. Se han observado ondas de arena de escala kilométrica en el flanco norte de Dungeness (costa sudeste del Reino Unido). Consisten en dos crestas separadas con un espaciamiento de 350-450 m. Hemos analizado 36 líneas de costa medidas de 2 km de longitud utilizando la Transformada Discreta de Fourier (TDF), de 2005 a 2016, y siete estudios topográficos que abarcan la zona intermareal, de 2010 a 2016. El conjunto de datos muestra dos eventos de formación claros, que son correlacionados con los momentos donde la energía de olas de ángulo grande es dominante sobre las olas de ángulo bajo. Además, se aplica al sitio un modelo de estabilidad lineal basado en la aproximación de una línea. Predice con precisión los momentos de formación, con tasas de crecimiento positivas en el orden correcto de magnitud para longitudes de onda similares a las observadas. Todos estos resultados confirman que las ondulaciones de la costa en Dungeness son auto-organizadas y que el mecanismo de formación subyacente es la inestabilidad de la oleaje de ángulo grande. Los dos eventos de formación detectados proporcionan así una oportunidad única para validar los modelos morfodinámicos existentes que incluyen dicha inestabilidad
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Miller, Tara L. "- Waikiki - Analysis of an Engineered Shoreline". Thesis, University of Hawaii at Manoa, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/6953.
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Short-term and long-term shoreline change at Waikiki Beach is analyzed to enhance resource management. Bi-monthly beach profiles reveal short-term variations of the shoreline. Increased wave heights from south swells between May and October often correspond to a period of volume increase, while short-period wind waves predominating between November and April regularly correspond to volume losses. A total mean volume of 167,000 m3 is estimated for Waikiki Beach, with an uncertainty of 15 to 40%. A net volume loss of ~5,200 m3 is found between October 2000 and May 2002. The Royal Hawaiian littoral cell accounts for 93% of the loss. Historical aerial photographs and NOAA T-sheets establish a 76-year shoreline history (1925-2001). The shoreline has migrated a mean distance of 12 m seaward over this period, reflecting the high level of human intervention. Likewise, overall beach width has increased by 32% since 1951. Four of seven littoral cells, however, are characterized by erosion over more recent time scales, showing a mean erosion rate of 0.3 ± 0.1 m/yr. Of the remaining three littoral cells, two have experienced long-term accretion and one has exhibited stability. A relationship between beach width and corresponding sand volume change, established from beach profile data, is applied to historical shoreline changes to establish a history of sand volume fluctuations. Early volume fluctuations are traced to beach nourishment, typically with subsequent beach loss. Volume gains are documented across the entire shoreline between 1975 and 1985. Widespread chronic erosion characterizes the years after 1985. Despite frequent beach nourishment, a sediment budget for Waikiki reveals a sand volume deficit of at least 77,000 m3 for the time period between 1951 and 2001, owing to permanent offshore losses.xiv, 107 leaves
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M, Muslim Aidy @. Mohamed Shawal. "Shoreline mapping using satellite sensor imagery". Thesis, University of Southampton, 2004. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.402222.
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Sukcharoenpong, Anuchit. "Review of U.S. Tide-Coordinated Shoreline". The Ohio State University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1292053620.
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Lee, Hoo Il. "Shoreline assessment of Jefferson County, Texas". Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969/533.
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Ali, Tarig Abdelgayoum. "New methods for positional quality assessment and change analysis of shoreline features". Columbus, Ohio : Ohio State University, 2003. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=osu1070308923.
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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Ohio State University, 2003.Title from first page of PDF file. Document formatted into pages; contains xiv, 142 p.; also includes graphics (some col.). Includes abstract and vita. Advisor: Ronxing Li, Dept.of Civil Engineering and Geodetic Science. Includes bibliographical references (p. 134-142).
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Beasley, Benjamin S. "Coupled Barrier Island Shoreline and Shoreface Dynamics". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2018. https://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2508.
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In Louisiana, barrier islands are undergoing morphological change driven by high rates of relative sea-level rise and interior wetland loss. Previous works utilized historical region-scale bathymetry and shoreline change analyses to assess coastal evolution. However, more localized assessments considering the role of sediment transport processes in regional evolution are lacking. This is essential to predicting coastal change trajectories and allocating limited sand resources for nourishment. Using bathymetric and shoreline data, 100-m spaced shore-normal transects were created to track meter-scale elevation change for 1880s, 1930s, 1980s, 2006, and 2015. An automated framework was used to quantify and track parameters such as shoreline change, barrier island area and width, bathymetric isobath migration, and shoreface slope. Our results illustrate that monitoring subaerial island erosion rates are insufficient for evaluating regional sediment dynamics of transgressive coastal systems. Advances in understanding these processes will facilitate more informed planning, management, and mitigation of transgressive barrier islands.
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Zink, Jason Michael. "Using Modern Photogrammetric Techniques to Map Historical Shorelines and Analyze Shoreline Change Rates: Case Study on Bodie Island, North Carolina". NCSU, 2002. http://www.lib.ncsu.edu/theses/available/etd-12192002-155357/.
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The efficacy of coastal development regulations in North Carolina is dependent on accurately calculated shoreline erosion rates. North Carolina?s current methodology for regulatory erosion rate calculation does not take advantage of emerging GIS, photogrammetric, and engineering technologies. Traditionally, historical shoreline positions from a database created in the 1970s have been coupled with a modern shoreline position to calculate erosion rates. The photos from which these historical shorelines come were subject to errors of tilt, variable scale, lens distortion, and relief displacement. Most of these errors could be removed using modern photogrammetric methods. In this study, an effort was made to acquire and rectify, using digital image processing, prints of the original historical photography for Bodie Island, North Carolina. The photography was rectified using the latest available desktop photogrammetry technology. Digitized shorelines were then compared to shorelines of similar date created without the benefit of this modern technology. Uncertainty associated with shoreline positions was documented throughout the process. It was found that the newly created shorelines were significantly different than their counterparts created with analog means. Many factors caused this difference, including: choice of basemaps, number of tie points between photos, quality of ground control points, method of photo correction, and shoreline delineation technique. Using both linear regression and the endpoint method, a number of erosion rates were calculated with the available shorelines. Despite the differences in position of shorelines of the same date, some of the calculated erosion rates were not significantly different. Specifically, the rate found using all available shorelines prior to this study was very similar to the rate found using all shorelines created in this study. As a result of this and other factors, it was concluded that a complete reproduction of North Carolina?s historical shoreline database may not be warranted. The new rectification procedure does have obvious value, and should be utilized in those locations where there is no existing historical data, or where existing data is thought to be of poor quality. This would especially be the case near inlets or other historically unpopulated areas.
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Gaudet, Connie Lee. "Competition in shoreline plant communities: A comparative approach". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/6516.
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I tested the general hypothesis that competitive ability is an important determinant of pattern in shoreline plant communities. Specifically I tested four predictions generated from this general hypothesis: (1) the competitive performance of plant species is related to their distribution along natural gradients of fertility and standing crop; (2) the competitive performance of plant species is related to measurable plant traits; (3) the competitive performance of plant species is not significantly affected by changing nutrient supply; and (4) there is an "evolutionary trade-off" between nutrient stress tolerance of species and competitive performance that underlies the distribution of species along natural gradients of fertility and standing crop. These questions were posed at a broad, multi-species scale using comparative measures of competitive performance, stress tolerance, and morphology from over 40 shoreline plant species, and field distribution data from several natural shoreline communities in Ontario, Nova Scotia and Quebec. Results showed that the experimentally determined measure of the relative competitive performance of a species was significantly correlated with its position along natural gradients of fertility and standing crop; and with simple measurable plant traits, in particular above-ground biomass (r$\sb{\rm s}$ = 0.92; p .0001). Results also showed that the competitive performance of species under high and low nutrient conditions was significantly correlated after two growing seasons (r$\sb{\rm s}$ = 0.76; P .001); and that stress tolerance, measured as the relative biomass production of species under low nutrient conditions, was inversely correlated with competitive performance (r = $-$0.62, p .005).
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Pearre, Nathaniel S. "SANDCam at Rehoboth quantifying shoreline change using video /". Access to citation, abstract and download form provided by ProQuest Information and Learning Company; downloadable PDF file, 81 p, 2008. http://proquest.umi.com/pqdweb?did=1459914901&sid=3&Fmt=2&clientId=8331&RQT=309&VName=PQD.
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Zacharioudaki, Anna. "Mathematical modelling of shoreline evolution under climate change". Thesis, University of Plymouth, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10026.1/473.
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This study focuses on the impact of potential changes in the wind-wave climate on shoreline change. The 'one-line' model for medium to long-term prediction of coastline evolution is employed. New analytical and numerical solutions of this important model are described. Specifically: 1) original semi-analytical solutions are derived that relax the unrealistic assumption of existing analytical work that a constant wave condition drives shoreline change and, 2) a more general form of the one-line model is solved with a novel application of the 'Method of Lines'. Model input consists of 30-year nearshore wave climate scenarios, corresponding to the 'present' (1961-1990) and the future (2071-2100). Winds from a high resolution, (12km x 12km), regional climate model, obtained offshore of the south-central coast of England at a dense temporal resolution of 3 hours, are used to develop the aforementioned wave climate scenarios, through hindcast and inshore wave transformation. A hypothetical shoreline segment is adopted as a 'benchmark' case for comparisons. Monthly and seasonal statistics of output shoreline positions are generated and assessedfo r relative changeso f 'significance' between 'present' and future. Different degrees of evidence that such changes do exist are found. This study is the first application of such high resolution climate model output to investigate climate change impact on shoreline response. Major findings include: 1) shoreline changes of 'significance' are strongly linked to 'significant' changes in future wave direction, 2) future changes appear smaller for entire seasons than for individual months, 3) shoreline position variability is often smaller in the future, 4) different climate model experiments produce diverging results; however, general trends are largely similar. The present study, at a fundamental level, offers analytical solutions of the 'oneline' model that are closer to reality and a numerical solution that is of increased effciency. At a practical level, it contributes to better understanding of the patterns of shoreline response to changing offshore wave climate through: 1) the use of fast and straightforward methods that can accommodate numerous climate scenarios without need for data reduction, and 2) the development of a methodology for using climate model output for coastal climate change impact assessment studies.
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Cowart, Lisa Corbett D. Reide. "Analyzing estuarine shoreline change in coastal North Carolina". [Greenville, N.C.] : East Carolina University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10342/1897.
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Thesis (M.S.)--East Carolina University, 2009.Presented to the faculty of the Department of Geological Sciences. Advisor: D. Reide Corbett. Title from PDF t.p. (viewed May 3, 2010). Includes bibliographical references.
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Manis, Jennifer. "Assessing the Effectiveness of Living Shoreline Restoration and Quantifying Wave Attenuation in Mosquito Lagoon, Florida". Master's thesis, University of Central Florida, 2013. http://digital.library.ucf.edu/cdm/ref/collection/ETD/id/5664.
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Coastal counties make up only 17% of the land area in the continental United States, yet 53% of the nation's population resides in these locations. With sea level rise, erosion, and human disturbances all effecting coastal areas, researchers are working to find strategies to protect and stabilize current and future shorelines. In order to maintain shoreline stability while maintaining intertidal habitat, multipurpose living shorelines have been developed to mimic natural shoreline assemblages while preventing erosion. This project determined the effectiveness of a living shoreline stabilization containing Crassostrea virginica (eastern oyster) and Spartina alterniflora (smooth cordgrass) in the field and through controlled wave tank experiments. First, fringing oyster reefs constructed of stabilized oyster shell and smooth cordgrass plugs were placed along three eroding shoreline areas (shell middens) within Canaveral National Seashore (CANA), New Smyrna Beach, FL. For each shell midden site, four treatments (bare shoreline control, oyster shell only, S. alterniflora only, and oyster shell + S. alterniflora) were tested in replicate 3.5 x 3.5 meter areas in the lower and middle intertidal zones. Each treatment was replicated five times at each site; erosion stakes within each replicate allowed measurement of changes in sedimentation. After one year in the field, the living shoreline treatments that contained oyster shells (oyster shell only and oyster shell + S. alterniflora) vertically accreted on average 4.9 cm of sediment at two of the sites, and an average of 2.9 cm of sediment at the third, while the controls lost an average of 0.5 cm of sediment. S. alterniflora did not significantly contribute to the accretion at any site due to seagrass wrack covering and killing plants within one month of deployment. Next, the reduction in wave energy caused by these living shoreline stabilization techniques relative to bare sediment (control) was quantified. The energy reduction immediately after deployment, and the change in energy reduction when S. alterniflora had been allowed to grow for one year, and the stabilized shell was able to recruit oysters for one year was tested. Laboratory experiments were conducted in a nine-meter long wave tank using capacitance wave gauges to ultimately measure changes in wave height before and after treatments. Wave energy was calculated for each newly deployed and one-year old shoreline stabilization treatment. Boat wake characteristics from CANA shorelines were measured in the field and used as inputs to drive the physical modeling. Likewise, in the wave tank, the topography adjacent to the shell midden sites was measured and replicated. Oyster shell plus S. alterniflora attenuated significantly more wave energy than either the shells or plants alone. Also, one-year old treatments attenuated significantly more energy than the newly deployed treatments. The combination of one-year old S. alterniflora plus live oysters reduced 67% of the wave energy. With the information gathered from both the field and wave experiments, CANA chose to utilize living shorelines to stabilize three shell middens within the park. Oyster shell, marsh grass and two types of mangroves (Rhizophora mangle, Avicennia germinans) were deployed on the intertidal zones of the eroding middens. Significant accretion occurred at all middens. Two sites (Castle Windy and Garver Island) vertically accreted an average 2.3 cm of sediment after nine months, and six months respectively, and the other site (Hong Kong) received on average 1.6 cm of sediment after six months. All control areas (no stabilization) experienced sediment loss, with erosion up to 5.01 cm at Hong Kong. Plant survival was low (< 20%) at Castle Windy and Garver Island, while Hong Kong had moderate survival (48-65%). Of the surviving marsh grass and mangroves on the three sites, almost all (> 85%) had documented growth in the form of increased height or the production on new shoots. Landowners facing shoreline erosion issues, including park managers at CANA, can use this information in the future to create effective shoreline stabilization protocols. Even though the techniques will vary from location to location, the overall goal of wave attenuation while maintaining shoreline habitat remains. As the research associated with the effectiveness of living shorelines increases, we hope to see more landowners and land managers utilize this form of soft stabilization to armor shorelines.M.S.
Masters
Biology
Sciences
Biology
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Van, Der Berg Niels. "Modelling the dynamics of large scale shoreline sand waves". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/96173.
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Shoreline sand waves are shoreline undulations with a length scale of several kilometres and a time scale of years to decades. They occur on many coasts, migrating in the direction of the dominant littoral drift and they introduce a variability into the shoreline position that can be greater than the long term coastal trend. The objective of this thesis is to provide more insight into the formation and dynamics of shoreline sand waves and, in particular, to explore the role of the so called high angle wave instability. Previous studies showed that the shoreline can be unstable under very oblique wave incidence. This high angle wave instability develops due to the feedback of shoreline changes and the associated changes in the bathymetry into the wave field. Wave propagation over this perturbed bathymetry leads to specific gradients in the alongshore transport that can cause the growth and migration of shoreline sand waves.
In this thesis a quasi 2D non-linear morphodynamical model is improved and used to explore high angle wave instability and predict the formation and evolution of shoreline sand waves. The model assumes that the large scale and long term shoreline dynamics is controlled by the wave driven alongshore transport so that the details of the surfzone morphodynamics are not resolved. It overcomes some of the limitations of previous modelling studies on high angle wave instability. The wave field is computed with a simple wave module over the evolving bathymetry and an empirical formula is used to compute the alongshore transport. Cross-shore dynamics is described in a parameterized way and the model is capable of describing shoreline perturbations with a finite and dynamic cross-shore extent. The conditions under which shoreline instability can lead to the formation of shoreline sand waves are refined. Generic simulations with constant wave conditions and random initial perturbations show that the shoreline becomes unstable when the wave incidence angle at the depth of closure (i.e., the most offshore extent of the shoreline perturbations) is larger than a critical angle of about 42 degrees and shoreline sand waves develop in unison. The cross-shore dynamics plays an essential role because it determines the offshore extent of the shoreline perturbations. Using default model parameters, wave conditions and cross-shore profile, the sand waves develop with wavelengths between 2 and 5 km, the time scale for their formation is between 5 and 10 years and they migrate downdrift at about 0.5 km/yr. Simulations with a localized large scale perturbation trigger the formation of a downdrift sand wave train. Larger wave obliquity, higher waves and shorter wave periods strengthen the shoreline instability. A more realistic wave climate, with alternating high and low angle wave incidence reduces the potential for shoreline instability. A percentage of about 80% of high angle waves is required for sand wave formation. It is demonstrated that the range of low wave angles that can occur on a coast is larger than the range of high wave angles, and that the stabilizing effect produced by low angle waves (causing diffusion) is bigger than the destabilizing effect produced by high angle waves (causing growth and migration). Even if high angle waves are not dominant, the instability mechanism might still play a role in the persistence and downdrift migration of large scale shoreline perturbations. The model results are in qualitative agreement with observations of shoreline sand waves.
The quasi 2D approach provides new insight into the physical mechanisms behind high angle wave instability and the occurrence of a minimal and optimal length scale for sand wave formation. Essential physical processes are wave energy dispersion due to wave refraction, wave energy focusing near the crest of a sand wave and the monotonic decrease of the gradients in alongshore transport for increasing length scales.Les ones de sorra a la línia de costa són ondulacions de la línia de costa amb una escala espacial de kilòmetres i una escala temporal d’anys a dècades. Ocorren a moltes costes, migren en la direcció del transport litoral i introdueixen una variabilitat a la línia de costa que pot ser major que la seva tendència a llarg termini. L’objectiu d’aquesta tesi és estudiar amb més profunditat la formació i la dinàmica de les ones de sorra i, més concretament, explorar el rol de l’anomenada inestabilitat d’angle gran. Estudis previs van demostrar que la línia de costa pot ser inestable en cas d’onades obliqües que incideixen amb un angle gran. Aquesta inestabilitat d’angle gran es produeix degut a la retroalimentació entre els canvis a la línia de costa (i els que conseqüentment ocorren a la batimetria) i els canvis al camp d’onades. La propagació de les onades sobre la batimetria pertorbada crea gradients del transport de sediment longitudinal que causen el creixement i la migració de les ones de sorra. En aquesta tesi s’ha millorat un model morfodinàmic quasi 2D i no lineal per usar-lo per explorar la inestabilitat d’angle gran i predir la formació i evolució de les ones de sorra. El model assumeix que la dinàmica a gran escala i llarg termini està dominada pel transport de sediment longitudinal produït per les onades de manera que la morfodinàmica de la zona de rompents no es detalla. S’han superat algunes de les limitacions dels estudis anteriors de modelat de la inestabilitat d’angle gran. El camp d’onades es calcula amb un mòdul senzill de propagació sobre la batimetria canviant i el transport longitudinal s’estima usant una fórmula empírica. La dinàmica transversal es parametritza per descriure pertorbacions de la línia de costa amb una extensió transversal finita i dinàmica. S’han refinat les condicions sota les quals la inestabilitat d’angle gran produeix la formació d’ones de sorra. Les simulacions amb condicions constants d’onades i pertorbacions inicials aleatòries mostren que la línia de costa esdevé inestable quan l’angle d’incidència a la profunditat de tancament és major que un angle de 42 graus i les ones de sorra es desenvolupen a l’uníson. La dinàmica transversal té un rol essencial al determinar l’extensió transversal de les pertorbacions. Usant els valors per defecte dels paràmetres del model, les ones de sorra tenen espaiats d’entre 2 i 5 km i temps de creixement d’entre 5 i 10 anys, i migren en la direcció del transport a uns 0.5 km/any. Les simulacions també mostren que una pertorbació inicial localitzada desencadena la formació d’un tren d’ones de sorra. Com més obliqües i grans són les onades i com menor és el seu període major és la inestabilitat. Un clima d’onatge més realista, alternant onades d’angle d’incidència gran i petit, redueix el potencial de la inestabilitat d’angle gran. Calen almenys un 80% d’onades d’angle gran perquè es formin ones de sorra. El rang d’onades d’angle petit que poden succeir en una costa és major que el d’onades d’angle gran, i l’efecte estabilitzador de les onades d’angle petit (que produeix difusió) és més important que l’efecte desestabilitzador de les onades d’angle gran (que produeix creixement i migració). Fins i tot si les onades d’angle gran no dominen, el mecanisme d’inestabilitat pot tenir un paper important en la persistència i migració de pertorbacions de la línia de costa a gran escala. Els resultats s’assemblen qualitativament a les observacions d’ones de sorra. L’enfocament quasi 2D permet estudiar més detalls del mecanisme físic que hi ha darrere de la inestabilitat d’angle gran i del fet que existeixin longituds d’ona mínima i òptima per la formació d’ones de sorra. Els processos físics essencials són la dispersió de l’energia de l’onatge degut a la refracció, la concentració d’energia de les onades a les crestes de les ones de sorra i el decreixement monòton del transport litoral quan augmenta l’escala espacial.
19
Woods, John E. "Rip current/cuspate shoreline interactions in Southern Monterey Bay". Thesis, Monterey, Calif. : Springfield, Va. : Naval Postgraduate School ; Available from National Technical Information Service, 2005. http://library.nps.navy.mil/uhtbin/hyperion/05Sep%5FWoods.pdf.
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Thesis (M.S. in Meteorology and Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, September 2005.Thesis Advisor(s):Edward Thornton, Timothy Stanton. Includes bibliographical references (p.41-42). Also available online.
20
Orzech, Mark D. "Rip channels, megacusps, and shoreline change measurements and modeling /". Monterey, Calif. : Naval Postgraduate School, 2010. http://edocs.nps.edu/npspubs/scholarly/dissert/2010/Jun/10Jun%5FOrzech%5FPhD.pdf.
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Dissertation (Ph.D. in Physical Oceanography)--Naval Postgraduate School, June 2010.Dissertation supervisor: Thornton, Edward B. "June 2010." Description based on title screen as viewed on July 16, 2010. Author(s) subject terms: Rip channels, megacusps, alongshore sediment transport, morphodynamics, XBeach, surf-zone video, correlations, infragravity, VLF. Includes bibliographical references (p. 103-108). Also available in print.
21
Al, Saleh Fatima. "Numerical Modeling Of Shoreline Changes Around Manavgat River Mouth". Phd thesis, METU, 2004. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12605705/index.pdf.
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River mouths are very active coastal regions. Continuous sediment supply by the river and the movement by wave action cause the shoreline to change in time and space. Modeling of shoreline changes is an essential step before the design of any coastal engineering project. This research aimed to develop a system of numerical models to present the shoreline changes around a river mouth. The system of numerical models has three components: 1) modeling of nearshore wave characteristics, 2) modeling of longshore sand transport rates using the results of the first component, 3) modeling of shoreline changes using the estimated sand transport rates. Thus, firstly, deep water wave characteristics including the annual wave rose affecting Manavgat River mouth have been obtained from the database of NATO TU-WAVES Project. Then REF/DIF1 and SWAN nearshore wave models have been used to find out nearshore wave conditions. Since the results obtained from REF/DIF1 wave model have been found to be more reasonable compared to SWAN&rsquos output, REF/DIF1 wave model has been used in preparing a time series nearshore reference wave file with three hours time interval. This reference file has been used to run GENESIS. Last step of the numerical shoreline change modelling of Manavgat River mouth was the calibration procedure in which the &ldquo
transport parameters&rdquo
k1 and k2 have been determined. As there is lack of measurements of shoreline positions that can be used in calibrating shoreline change model, k1 and k2 has been approximately found to be k1=0.516 and k2=0.9 by using an empirical sediment transport formula. As a future study, it is recommended that when the protection structure controlling the river mouth is finished, the measurements of shoreline position behind the structure should be used in verification of shoreline change model in order to get more accurate results.
22
Psaraftis, Harilaos N., Marius M. Solomon, Thomas L. Magnanti i Tai-Up Kim. "Routing and Scheduling on a Shoreline with Release Times". Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Operations Research Center, 1986. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/5219.
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In this paper we examine computational complexity issues and develop algorithms for a class of "shoreline" single-vehicle routing and scheduling problems with release time constraints. Problems in this class are interesting for both practical and theoretical reasons. From a practical perspective, these problems arise in several transportation environments. For instance, in the routing and scheduling of cargo ships, the routing structure is "easy" because the ports to be visited are usually located along a shoreline. However, because release times of cargoes at ports generally complicate the routing structure, the resulting routing and scheduling problem is nontrivial. From a theoretical perspective, this class of problems lies on the borderline between problems in P and those that are NP-complete. For the straight-line case (a restriction of the shoreline case), our analysis shows that the problem of minimizing maximum completion time can be solved exactly in quadratic time by dynamic programming. For the shoreline case we develop and analyze heuristic algorithms. We derive data-dependent worst-case performance ratios for these heuristics. We also discuss how these algorithms perform on practical data. Finally, we examine the computational complexity of other problem variants involving alternative objective functions and different types of time window constraints.
23
Samuels, Mogammad Yaaseen. "Governing coastal risk: the case of Langebaan's disappearing shoreline". Master's thesis, Faculty of Science, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32962.
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The coastal zone is the dynamic interface between land and sea and is under immense threat from increasing coastal population and development trends as well as global climate change. Given global and regional sea level rise projections, coastal African countries including South African are highly exposed to climate risks, namely storm surges, flooding and coastal erosion, which particularly impact socio-ecological systems at the local level. The aim of this study is to examine the various technical responses and governance approaches employed by government to address coastal risk along the Langebaan shoreline – a coastal town located in the Western Cape, renowned for its tourism, recreation and scenic attributes. However, the Langebaan shoreline is increasingly at-risk from climate-related sea level rise, compounded by inappropriate coastal development. This research suggests measures to strengthen coastal risk governance (CRG) through exploring stakeholder interpretation of coastal risk as well as understanding the barriers to addressing coastal risk in the context of the Saldanha Bay Municipality (SBM). This study was informed by a review of the legal framework governing coastal risk in South Africa as well as the various technical reports pertaining to addressing coastal erosion in Langebaan. Primary data collection was undertaken through semi-structured interviews. The findings suggest that coastal erosion along the Langebaan shoreline is a complex and multi-faceted human-environmental issue. Furthermore, various reactive steps have been taken in response to Langebaan's eroding shoreline since the 1997 storm, these included hard and soft engineering measures as well as managed retreat. However, the Saldanha Bay Municipality (SBM) remain crippled by lack of institutional capacity and resources to tackle environmental issues like coastal erosion. Therefore, strengthening coastal risk governance (CRG) in under-resourced municipalities like the Saldanha Bay Municipality (SBM) requires improved communication and coordination across all levels of government and with civil society, which in turn will promote long-term strategic thinking and innovative and collective action.
24
Gibson, Glen R. "An Analysis of Shoreline Change at Little Lagoon, Alabama". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2006. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33661.
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In Alabama, the term "coastal shoreline" applies to the Gulf shoreline and the shorelines of estuaries, bays, and sounds connected to the Gulf of Mexico and subject to its tides. However, Alabama shoreline studies have yet to include Little Lagoon, which has been connected to the Gulf of Mexico for most of the last 200 years, according to historical charts. This study used historical nautical charts, aerial photographs, and LIDAR derived shorelines from 1917 to 2004 to analyze shoreline change on Little Lagoon and its adjacent Gulf shoreline. The high water line was used as the common reference feature, and all shorelines were georeferenced, projected, and digitized in a Geographic In-formation System.
Between 1917 and 2001, the Gulf shoreline eroded an average of 40 m over 12.7 km, with some transects eroding almost 120 m while others accreted almost 60 m. The greatest changes to the Gulf shoreline were found near natural inlets, downdrift of jetties, and coincident with nourishment projects. Between 1955 and 1997, Little Lagoon shrank 0.5%, or 51.4 km², from 10,285.9 km² to 10,234.5 km². The greatest changes to Little Lagoon were found on its southern shoreline and near inlets, human development, and hurricane overwash fans. A correlation analysis conducted on the Gulf shoreline and Little Lagoon' s southern shoreline indicated that although weak overall correlation values exist when the entire 12.7 km study area is compared, strong correlation values are obtained in some areas when compared over one kilometer sections. The strongest correlations were found in the same locations as the greatest changes.Master of Science
25
Nordin, Fredrik. "Kusten är klar : en undersökning av Gotlands bronsåldersstrandlinje i GIS". Thesis, Högskolan på Gotland, Institutionen för kultur, energi och miljö, 2011. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:hgo:diva-1090.
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In this bachelor thesis an attempt is made to recreate the shoreline of Gotland during the Bronze Age. This has been done with the help of GIS to analyze remains dated to different periods of the Bronze Age that have been situated close to the coast. Case studies of three areas of the island have been made where dated remains together with typical Bronze Age remains like cairns and ship settings are analyzed with variables such as height over sea level and geological and topographical information. Contemporary datings from each case study have been compared to find a possible shoreline for both early and late Bronze Age. Two shorelines, one for the early Bronze Age and one for the late Bronze Age, have been created and tested on the three areas to see the placement of the remains in relation to these coastlines.
26
Howard, Elizabeth Helen Civil & Environmental Engineering Faculty of Engineering UNSW. "A laboratory study of the 'shoreline' detected in video imagery". Publisher:University of New South Wales. Civil & Environmental Engineering, 2008. http://handle.unsw.edu.au/1959.4/41497.
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A controlled laboratory experiment was undertaken to simulate varying swash zone characteristics and sensor-target geometry found in digital images collected by ARGUS coastal imaging systems. Using a hyperspectral sensor, reflectance data were integrated over the respective red, blue and green wavelengths corresponding to a standard ARGUS video imaging sensor. The dominant swash zone parameters affecting shoreline detection were found to be the presence or absence of surface foam, site-specific sediment characteristics (especially colour), and water depth. Winter versus summer solar elevation and the sensor zenith were also found to affect the cross-shore location of the detected waterline. With this new information, site- and time-specific corrections can be applied to coastal digital imagery, to improve the confidence of shoreline detection.
27
Arias, Moran Cesar Augusto. "Spatio-temporal analysis of Texas shoreline changes using GIS technique". Thesis, Texas A&M University, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1969.1/408.
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One of the most important aspects of coastal management and planning programs that needs to be investigated is shoreline dynamics. Long-term coastal analysis uses historical data to identify the sectors along the coast where the shoreline position has changed. Among the information that can be obtained from these studies are the general trend of coasts, either advancing or retreating. The erosion or accretion rates at each location can be used to forecast future shoreline positions. The current techniques used to study shoreline evolution are generally based on transects perpendicular to a baseline at selected points. But these techniques proved to be less efficient along more complex shorelines, and need to be refined. A new and more reliable method, the topologically constrained transect method (TCTM), was developed for this study and tested using data available for three sectors of the Texas Gulf Coast. Output data generated from TCTM also allowed performing shoreline evolution analysis and forecasting based on historical positions. Using topological constrained transects, this study provides a new method to estimate total areas of accretion or erosion at each segment of the coastline. Reliable estimates of future gains or losses of land along the coast will be extremely useful for planning and management decisions, especially those related to infrastructure and environmental impacts, and in the development of coastal models. Especially important is the potential to quickly identify areas of significant change, which eliminates the need for preliminary random sample surveying, and concentrate higher-resolution analyses in the most significant places. The results obtained in this research using the new methodology show that the Texas coast generally experiences erosion, with anthropogenic factors responsible for accretion. Accretion areas are located near coastal infrastructure, especially jetties that block the along shore sediment transport. The maximum erosion rate obtained in the study area is 5.48 m/year. This value helps make us aware of the powerful dynamic of the sector.
28
Addo, Kwasi Appeaning. "Detection, measurement and prediction of shoreline recession in Accra, Ghana". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2008. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.443998.
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29
Chin, Ryan C. C. 1974. "An exploration of materials and methods in manufacturing : shoreline membranes". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/65251.
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Thesis (M.Arch.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Architecture, 2000.Includes bibliographical references (p. 87-88).
This thesis is an investigation into the design methodologies and ideologies of manufacturing processes specifically related to automotive design. The conceptualization, prototyping, testing, and manufacturing of cars is a discipline that would yield exciting results if applied to architecture. The hybridization of different processes of design will raise interesting questions of how built form is conceived, designed, developed, and constructed. An essential part of this thesis research is the study of materials. After an intense investigation of the potential uses and intrinsic properties of new materials in the automotive and construction industries, a select few materials will be applied directly in the thesis. The final component of the thesis is a programmatic theme that will revolve around shoreline membranes. They provide a lightweight and flexible system of architecture for many different building types. The investigation will involve the design of a structure in which its conception, function, production, and form are the direct result of inspiration from automotive manufacturing techniques and material research.
by Ryan C.C. Chin.
M.Arch.
30
Grant, Jonathan R. H. (Jonathan Roderick Howard) 1966. "Sea level rise and private property rights in shoreline management". Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 1996. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/38168.
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31
Sukcharoenpong, Anuchit. "Shoreline Mapping with Integrated HSI-DEM using Active Contour Method". The Ohio State University, 2014. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1406147249.
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32
Mangham, Webster. "Shoreline Erosion at Mad Island Marsh Preserve, Matagorda County, Texas". Thesis, University of North Texas, 2005. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc4854/.
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The Nature Conservancy of Texas (TNC) is concerned with the amount of shoreline erosion taking place at its Mad Island Marsh Preserve (MIMP), located in Matagorda Bay, Texas. The MIMP is a 7,100 acre nature preserve that borders the Gulf Intracoastal Waterway and is eroded by waves generated by barge traffic. TNC is concerned that erosion will shorten Mad Island Bayou which may increase the salinity of Mad Island Lake; with detrimental effects on lake and marsh habitats. This study uses GPS technology to map the current shoreline and GIS to determine ten year erosion rates (1995 - 2005). Results show that erosion is occurring at various rates along the shoreline as well as along the oxbow bend in Mad Island Bayou.
33
Angnuureng, Donatus Bapentire. "Shoreline response to multi-scale oceanic forcing from video imagery". Thesis, Bordeaux, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BORD0094/document.
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Le but de cette étude était de développer une méthodologie pour évaluer la résilience des littoraux aux évènements de tempêtes, à des échelles de temps différentes pour une plage située à une latitude moyenne (Biscarrosse, France). Un site pilote des tropiques, la plage de Jamestown (Ghana), non soumis aux tempêtes, a également été analysé. 6 ans (2007-2012) de données sur la position du trait de côte,obtenues quotidiennement par imagerie vidéo, ainsi que les prévisions hydrodynamiques (ECMWF EraInterim) ont été analysées. Le climat de vagues est dominé par les tempêtes (Hs> 5% de seuil de dépassement) et leurs fluctuations saisonnières; 75% des tempêtes se produisent en hiver, et plus de 60tempêtes ont été identifiées au cours de la période d'étude. Une régression multiple, montre qu’alors que les intensités des tempêtes actuelle et précédente ont un rôle majeur sur l'impact de la tempête, la marée et les barres sableuses jouent un rôle majeur sur la récupération de plage. La position moyenne du trait de côte calculée sur la période de récupération post-tempête montre que la plage de Biscarrosse se reconstruit rapidement (9 jours) après un évènement isolé et que les séries de tempêtes (clusters) ont un effet cumulatif diminué. Les résultats indiquent que le récurrence individuelle des tempêtes est clé. Si l'intervalle entre deux tempêtes est faible par rapport à la période de récupération, la plage devient plus résistante aux tempêtes suivantes; par conséquent, la première tempête d’une série a un impact plus important que les suivantes. Le trait de côte répond, par ordre décroissant, aux évènements saisonniers,à la fréquence des tempête et aux d’échelle annuelle. La méthode EOF montre de bonnes capacité à séparer la dynamique « uniforme » et « non-uniforme » du littoral et décrit différentes variabilités temporelles: les échelles saisonnières et à court terme dominent, respectivement, la première EOF (2D)et le second mode (3D). Le littoral de Jamestown a été étudié comme base d’un projet pilote entre 2013-2014. Les fluctuations du niveau de l'eau jouent un rôle prédominant sur l’évolution de la position du trait de côte. Les vagues et les estimations des marées obtenues par l’exploitation d’images vidéo sont corrélées avec les données de prévisions. Cette étude pionnière montre que cette technique peut être généralisée à toute l’Afrique de l'Ouest en tenant compte des multiples diversités et de la variabilité du climat régional, à travers un réseau d'observationsThe aim of this study was to develop a methodology to statistically assess the shorelineresilience to storms at different time scales for a storm-dominated mid-latitude beach(Biscarrosse, France). On a pilot base, storm-free tropical Jamestown beach (Ghana) was alsoanalysed. 6-years (2007-2012) of continuous video-derived shoreline data and hindcastedhydrodynamics were analysed. Wave climate is dominated by storms (Hs>5% exceedancelimit) and their seasonal fluctuations; 75% of storms occur in winter with more than 60identified storms during the study period. A multiple regression on 36 storms shows thatwhereas current and previous storm intensity have predominant role on current storm impact,tide and sandbar play a major role on the post-storm recovery. An ensemble average on poststormrecovery period shows that Biscarrosse beach recovers rapidly (9 days) to individualstorms, and sequences of storms (clusters) have a weak cumulative effect. The results point outthat individual storm recurrence frequency is key. If the interval between two storms is lowcompared to the recovery period, the beach becomes more resilient to the next storms; and thefirst storm in clusters has larger impact than following ones. Shoreline responds in decreasingorder at seasonal, storm frequency and annual timescales at Biscarrosse. The EOF methodshows good skills in separating uniform and non-uniform shoreline dynamics, showing theirdifferent temporal variability: seasonal and short-term scales dominate first EOF (2D) andsecond (3D) modes, respectively.The shoreline at Jamestown was studied on pilot base from 2013-2014. Water level channgesplay a major role on shoreline changes. Waves estimates from video are in good agreement withhindcasts. This study shows the potential of the technique, to be replicated elsewhere in WestAfrica with all its diversity and regional climate variability through a coastal observationnetwork
34
Chiang, Connie Young. "Shaping the shoreline : environment, society, and culture in Monterey, California /". Thesis, Connect to this title online; UW restricted, 2002. http://hdl.handle.net/1773/10471.
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35
Beard, Eric P. "Modeling Lithospheric Rheology from Modern Measurements of Bonneville Shoreline Deformation". DigitalCommons@USU, 2012. https://digitalcommons.usu.edu/etd/1362.
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Here I develop a cross-correlation approach to estimating heights of shoreline features, and apply the new method to paleo-shorelines of Pleistocene Lake Bonneville. I calculate 1st-derivative (slope) and 2nd-derivative (curvature) profiles from Digital Elevation Model (DEM) or Global Positioning System Real-Time Kinematic (GPS-RTK) measurements of elevation. I then cross-correlate pairs of profiles that have been shifted by various "lags," or shifts in elevation. The correlation coefficient (a normalized dot-product measure of similarity) is calculated as a function of lag within small (~40 m) windows centered at various elevations. The elevation and lag with the greatest correlation coefficient indicates the shoreline elevation at the reference profile and the change in shoreline height for the profile pair. I evaluate several different algorithms for deriving slope and curvature by examining closure of elevation lags across profile triples. I then model isostatic response to Lake Bonneville loading and unloading. I first model lakeshore uplift response to lake load removal assuming an elastic layer over an inviscid half-space. I obtain a best-fit comparison of predicted to observed shoreline heights for the Bonneville level with an elastic layer thickness, Te, of 25±2 km (at 95% confidence) when using only previously published shoreline elevation estimates. The best-fit for the Bonneville level when using these estimates plus 44 new estimates suggests a Te of 26±2 km. The best-fit model for the Provo level suggests Te of 17±3 km. For the Gilbert level, the response is insensitive to the assumed Te. I next model isostatic response to Bonneville loading and unloading assuming an elastic layer over a viscoelastic halfspace. This approach assumes constant parameters for the entire loading history, and yields a best-fit model with Te =70±5 km and viscosity ç=~2x1018 Pa s with 95% confidence ranging from ~1x1018 to ~5x1019 Pa s when only the previously published data are used. With the newer data added, the best-fit model has Te =58±2 km and ç ranging from ~1x1018 to ~1x1019 Pa s with 95% confidence. The 12-15 m weighted root-mean-square misfit to the best-fitting model is dominated by tectonic signals related to Basin-and-Range tectonics particularly seismic offsets of the Wasatch fault, and closely mimics the geological timescale pattern of basin-subsidence and range-uplift.
36
Demian, Catalin. "Shoreline erosion in Deep Creek Lake, Maryland patterns, trends and economic implications /". Morgantown, W. Va. : [West Virginia University Libraries], 2007. https://eidr.wvu.edu/etd/documentdata.eTD?documentid=5200.
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Thesis (M.A.)--West Virginia University, 2007.Title from document title page. Document formatted into pages; contains v, 42 p. : ill. (some col.), col. maps. Includes abstract. Includes bibliographical references (p. 36-37).
37
Baykal, Cuneyt. "Numerical Modeling Of Wave Diffraction In One-dimensional Shoreline Change Model". Master's thesis, METU, 2007. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/12607885/index.pdf.
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In this study, available coastal models are briefly discussed and under wind waves and a numerical shoreline change model for longshore sediment transport based on &ldquoone-line&rdquo
theory is developed. In numerical model, wave diffraction phenomenon in one-dimensional modeling is extensively discussed and to represent the irregular wave diffraction in the sheltered zones of coastal structures a simpler approach based on the methodology introduced by Kamphuis (2000) is proposed. Furthermore, the numerical model results are compared with analytical solutions of accretion and erosion at a single groin. An application to a case study of a groin field constructed to the east side of Kizilirmak river mouth, at Bafra alluvial plain, is carried out by the numerical model. The results of comparisons show that the numerical model is in good agreement with the analytical solutions of shoreline changes at a groin. Similarly, numerical model results are compared with field data of Bafra and it is shown that they are in good agreement qualitatively. Therefore, the numerical model is accepted to be capable of representing of shoreline evolution qualitatively even for complex coastal regions.
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Houben, Adam James. "Effect of Shoreline Subsidence and Anthropogenic Activity on Northwest Territories’ Lakes". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/35679.
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Thawing permafrost – in the form of shoreline retrogressive thaw slump events – influence adjacent arctic tundra lake systems near Inuvik, NT. Slump-affected lakes demonstrated lower organic matter and key nutrients such as phosphorus (P), as well as greater water clarity. Key terrestrial permafrost soil indicators such as U, Sr, and Li, were identified to be elevated in slump-affected lakes, while other more biologically important metals (e.g. Fe, Mn) were significantly lower in affected lakes. These physical-chemical changes led to increasing P-limitation for both phytoplankton and periphyton, resulting in lower phytoplankton biomass (Chl-a). Using P as covariate in ANCOVA analysis, slump-affected lakes were also lower in phytoplankton biomass (Chl-a) relative to other study landscapes across the Canadian low-Arctic.
Slump-affected lakes also exhibited lower organic matter leading to lower overall Hg concentrations within slump-affected lakes. However, this same reduction in dissolved organic carbon (DOC) has also led to an increase in bioavailable Hg, and increased bioaccumulation of Hg in both periphyton as well as macroinvertebrate species in our most disturbed lakes with DOC concentrations less than 6 and 9 mg DOC/L, respectively. A negative correlation between Hg bioaccumulation and DOC above these concentrations was also observed, and is the typical condition within reference lakes.
The legacy impacts of mining were also observed in lakes within 25 km of the Giant Mine roaster stack in the Yellowknife region. Increases in both arsenic (As) and methyl mercury were measured in lakes nearer to the mine, with As concentrations well above water quality guidelines in lakes within 17 km of the roaster stack. This research highlights the necessity of baseline environmental monitoring prior to resource development, as well as the potential for compounded influences of such development within sensitive permafrost regions exposed to thawing.
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Berry, Lainie 1975. "Nest predation in some Australian forest, woodland and shoreline-breeding birds". Monash University, Dept. of Biological Sciences, 2001. http://arrow.monash.edu.au/hdl/1959.1/9088.
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Simonson, Martin Albert. "Modeling Nearshore Fish Community Responses to Shoreline Types in Lake Erie". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1501861205611006.
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Vasko, Erik S. "Power Scaling of the Mainland Shoreline of the Contiguous United States". Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1527259316331524.
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Miselis, Jennifer L. "Nearshore morphology and lithology: Links to framework geology and shoreline change". W&M ScholarWorks, 2008. https://scholarworks.wm.edu/etd/1539616778.
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Despite evidence of the geologic and morphologic complexity of inner shelves worldwide, there is a paucity of observations from the nearshore, inhibiting direct comparison of these factors to coastal change. Using geophysical instruments to characterize the geology of the nearshore, this research focuses on the relationships between nearshore stratigraphy, sediment heterogeneity, shoreface morphology and shoreline behavior. While generally not considered in engineering models of shoreline evolution, these factors influence nearshore processes. Overall, the findings presented highlight the importance of nearshore geology, both at the seafloor and underlying it, in contributing to modem sediment transport processes affecting beaches. Shallow, sub-seafloor geology limits the availability of nearshore sediment available for exchange with the shoreline and is correlated to shoreline change occurring over time scales related to coastal sediment resource management (decades). Shore-oblique sandbars are related to higher volumetric variability in the nearshore and on the beach, whereas traditional shore-parallel sandbars are not. Shorelines adjacent to shore-oblique bars respond to hurricanes and nor'easters differently than other regions of shoreline, helping to explain some spatial variability in patterns of shoreline erosion and accretion. Finally, the geologic framework underlying the seafloor is a source of mixed sediments to the modern coastal system. This contribution has implications for the formation and preservation of specific inner shelf morphologies associated with varied sediments. These results further our knowledge of the geologic variability inherent to sandy coastlines and challenge coastal scientists and engineers to represent this natural variability in predictive models of shoreline change to better predict coastal response to rising sea level and storms.
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Pettit, S. J. "The management of coastal erosion and flooding in England and Wales". Thesis, Cardiff University, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.313891.
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Hearne, Alice Helen Liguanae. "The longterm response of coastal recession to wave energy". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2001. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.327240.
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Jenkins, Stuart Rees. "The ecology of sheltered, canopy dominated shores". Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1995. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.481202.
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Wesheu, Irene Catherine. "Species richness - standing crop relationships on an infertile shoreline in Nova Scotia". Thesis, University of Ottawa (Canada), 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/5200.
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Lange, Marc. "Abundance and diversity of fish in relation to littoral and shoreline features". Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk1/tape2/PQDD_0035/MQ47340.pdf.
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St, John Courtney C. H. "A comparative assessment of shoreline change policy options in the United States". Connect to this title online, 2008. http://etd.lib.clemson.edu/documents/1211396723/.
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Fehrenbacher, Fairlight Marie. "Predicting shoreline change due to nearshore dredging at Folly Island, South Carolina". Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/21527.
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Müller, Gerald Uwe. "A study of breaking wave loads on a shoreline wave power station". Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.333837.
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