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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Serfdom"
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Khalifaeva, Angela K., i Madina Kh Amirkhanova. "Legal registration of serfdom in Russia". Law Нerald of Dagestan State University 43, nr 3 (2022): 30–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.21779/2224-0241-2022-43-3-30-38.
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The origin and development of serfdom in is one of the most complex processes. Unlike European states, in Russia it had some features: a distinctively late period of occurrence, the connection of the emergence process with the evolution of landed property. Serfdom, which formed the basis of the Russian order, inevitably had to receive its more or less clearly developed legal form. Serfdom was formed by virtue of the actual state of affairs, determined by the attachment of the peasant to the land and his subordinate position. In order to sufficiently reveal the issue of the legal registration of serfdom in Russia, it is necessary to consider its development in stages, based on legislative acts, which most fully and objectively affected the enslavement of the peasant population and changed the legal status of residents. The article examines the history of the emergence of serfdom from the moment of its inception to its legal consolidation; changes in the state and the impact of the legal consolidation of serfdom on the development of the Russian state, the essence of serfdom and what stages it went through from its inception to its abolition, inclusive. Also, the article describes the views of Russian and Soviet historians on the circumstances and causes of the emergence of serfdom. Various scientific and historical approaches to the problem of studying serfdom in Russia are analyzed, the consequences of serfdom for Russia and the Russian people are described. Moving on to the stage of emancipation of the peasants, historians are unanimous that serfdom had a negative impact on all aspects of society, but for Soviet historians, serfdom became one of the reasons for the "economic and cultural backwardness of Russia", and for "Western historians –a consequence of backwardness".
2
Phillips, Michael. "Cease survey serfdom". Lancet 343, nr 8907 (maj 1994): 1236. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s0140-6736(94)92457-0.
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Moon, David. "Reassessing Russian Serfdom". European History Quarterly 26, nr 4 (październik 1996): 483–526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/026569149602600401.
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Andersen, Espen. "End laptop serfdom". Ubiquity 2008, February (luty 2008): 1. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1361367.1348482.
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Prodan, David. "The Origins of Serfdom in Transylvania". Slavic Review 49, nr 1 (1990): 1–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2500412.
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The following article, a translation of an essay by Romanian historian David Prodan, summarizes his research concerning three and a half centuries of serfdom in Transylvania, a subject on which he has worked in minute detail for fifty years. The essay presents a global image of the Transylvanian variant of European serfdom, a variant that shows serfdom in its gravest form–that of personal servitude, in which the peasant is bound to both the lord and the soil–and considers how this bondage came about. In this brief introduction, I will place the essay within the context of Academician Prodan's writings and of other work on serfdom in Eastern Europe.
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Stanziani, Alessandro. "Revisiting Russian Serfdom: Bonded Peasants and Market Dynamics, 1600s–1800s". International Labor and Working-Class History 78, nr 1 (2010): 12–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0147547910000098.
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AbstractThe notion of the “second serfdom” has to be revisited. I claim that the introduction, the evolution, and the abolition of serfdom in Russia should be seen as a long-term process, beginning no later than the late sixteenth century and ending at the eve of the First World War. In particular, I show that serfdom was never officially institutionalized in Russia and that the rules usually evoked to justify this argument actually were not meant to “bind” the peasantry but to distinguish noble estate owners from state-service nobles and “bourgeois.” Contrary to what has been argued by Witold Kula and Immanuel Wallerstein, the rise of capitalism in the West did not exploit the rise of serfdom in the East, but both East and West were part of the same global wave of commercialization, protoindustrialization, and industrialization.
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Millward, Robert, i Evsey D. Domar. "Capitalism, Socialism and Serfdom." Economic History Review 44, nr 1 (luty 1991): 212. http://dx.doi.org/10.2307/2597531.
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Komlos, John. "Another Road to Serfdom". Challenge 59, nr 6 (listopad 2016): 491–518. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/05775132.2016.1244459.
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Hayek, Friedrich A. Von, i Asad Zaman. "The Road to Serfdom". Journal of Islamic Business and Management 3, nr 2 (grudzień 2013): 175–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.12816/0005001.
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Stanziani, Alessandro. "Russian Serfdom: A Reappraisal". Ab Imperio 2014, nr 2 (2014): 71–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/imp.2014.0042.
Pełny tekst źródłaRozprawy doktorskie na temat "Serfdom"
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Päri, J. (Jasmin). "Kolmatta tietä:Herman Finerin kritiikki F.A. Hayekin teosta the Road to Serfdom kohtaan". Bachelor's thesis, University of Oulu, 2016. http://urn.fi/URN:NBN:fi:oulu-201604221530.
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Gervassis, Nicholas J. "From contractual serfdom to human rights liberation : doing justice to virtual lives". Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/14211.
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Analysis of relationships between states and citizens has almost monopolised the Human Rights legal discourse. In my thesis, I start from the position that Human Rights is a philosophical and historical victory of humankind, whose application cannot be limited to dictating norms in traditional forms of governance; Human Rights primarily define the human being as an individual, as a group, as a societal entity. Therefore, when we discuss Human Rights we do not pursue what governing states 'ought' or 'ought not' to do, but how human beings 'should' endure their lives in a dignified manner; how they should be treated independently of who their acting opponent might be. The Internet, on the other hand, has evolved through the years into an uncharted virtual structure of uncounted online operations and services run by private commercial actors. Within this setting, where the online application platform performs as a land parallel and the private commercial host as the de facto ruler, online identity is mirrored into service accounts. Hence the human being‘s digital existence seems to be depending, to a large degree, on the private initiative – and will. Whilst exploring various relevant themes, the thesis revisits the issue of the application of Human Rights in private relationships through the lenses of online electronic communications and using the example of commercial online virtual worlds. According to my conclusions, a simple projection of the state/citizen model onto ISPs/users relationships does not give sufficient ground for contesting Human Rights within that context. What we need is to deconstruct predominant dogmas in modern Human Rights theory and legislation and to readjust our focus back on the human being and its universal manifestations.
3
Matranga, Andrea. "Three essays on the economics of nomads and settlers". Doctoral thesis, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/420877.
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This thesis looks at the interplay of nomadism and settlement in two different periods of history. In the first two chapters I develop a theory for the Neolithic Revolution, the transition form nomadic hunting and gathering to settled agriculture. I argue that an exogenous increase in climate seasonality made our ancestors become sedentary in order to store food. Once sedentary, inventing agriculture was only a matter of time. In the first chapter I construct a model encapsulating this intuition, and in the second I test empirically the predictions of the model. In the third chapter, I instead argue that Russia introduced serfdom the 16th century in order defend against slave raids from their nomadic neighbors to the south. If labor had remained free, the population would have clustered around the most fertile areas, leaving less productive areas undefended, and thus vulnerable to the raids.Aquesta tesi estudia la interacció entre nomadisme i sedentarisme en dos periodes diferents de la història. En els dos primers capítols desenvolupo una teoria sobre la Revolució Neolítica, la transició de la caça nòmada i la recol·lecció a l'agricultura sedentària. Defenso que un increment de l'impacte de l'estacionalitat climática va fer que els nostres avantpassats es tornessin sedentaris amb la finalitat de poder emmagatzemar menjar. Un cop sedentaris, la invenció de l'agricultura era només una qüestió de temps. En el primer capítol construeixo un model que captura aquesta intuició, en el segon provo les prediccions del model de manera empírica. En el tercer argumento que Rússia va adoptar la servitud durant el segle XVI per tal de defensar-se contra les ràtzies esclavistes dels seus veïns nomàdics del sud. Si no s'hagués introduït la servitud, i la mà d'obra hagués romàs lliure, la població s'hauria agrupat al voltant de les zones més fèrtils, deixant sense defensar zones menys productives i, per tant, vulnerables a les incursions.
4
Duffy, Gavan James, i n/a. "The Worker in Catholic Social Thought: An Historical Analysis". Griffith University. School of Theology, 2007. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20070719.100813.
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This thesis examines directly the development of Catholic social teaching in respect of the rights and duties of the worker. Beginning with the Old Testament, the thesis compares the attitude of the Hebrew people as expressed in Scripture to those who performed the tasks associated with the crafts or with labour. This shows how the attitude of the Hebrews to workers, in comparison with the attitude of surrounding peoples, was ameliorated by their belief in a just God who spoke to them in Scripture and through the prophets. In its examination of the New Testament, the thesis extracts gospel references to the worker and extracts from the Epistles, particularly from the Pauline texts, on the subject. The changes in attitude to the worker as expressed in the New and Old Testaments are noted. Next examined are the writings of the Church Fathers and their application to the worker. It can be seen from this examination that the early Church Fathers, whilst not directly developing a body of teaching in respect of the worker, developed a philosophical platform for its later development. It will be shown how the teachings of the Church Fathers, in their application of teaching of Jesus in the Gospels to the prevailing attitudes of Roman society contributed to the further amelioration of the condition of slaves in the later Empire. When speaking of the worker in Greco-Roman society, one is in effect speaking about the institution of slavery. The thesis then discusses the further changes in attitude to the worker that followed the decline of imperial authority in the west. It examines the role of the Church and its teaching regarding the dignity of the human person and the place of work in the scheme of redemption, and how it had an ameliorating effect on the treatment of slaves in the various Barbarian kingdoms which arose in the west following the extinguishing of Roman authority. The thesis argues that it was the influence of Christianity which ultimately led to the evolution of the condition of slavery as it was known in the Roman Empire and Carolingian period, to that of the serfdom of the Middle Ages. Next discussed is the 'Guild System' of regulating and controlling the crafts. The Guilds were a society, in part co-operative but mainly composed of private owners of capital whose corporation was self governing, and was designed to check competition between its members in order to prevent the growth of one at the expense of the other. The thesis examines how the Guilds functioned and explains why some Catholic writers such as Hilaire Belloc and Gilbert Keith Chesterton regarded the Guilds as an excellent example of the practical application of Christian principles to work and economics. The thesis then examines the effects of the Reformation and the rise of liberal capitalism from the Guild system and how they both contributed to its decline. Following the decline of the Guild system and the onset of liberal capitalism, society came to be divided into two classes, the capitalist class, and the proletariat. This thesis examines how this development occurred and the factors which contributed to it. It shows how the division of society into capitalist and proletariat, haves and have-nots, resulted in the development of a class war and the antagonism between capital and labour. The thesis shows how under the liberal capitalist system, the conditions of the working class came to resemble in the words of Leo XIII, 'a yoke, almost of slavery'. Next developed and analysed is the manner in which the antinomy between capital and labour gave birth to the philosophy of Marxism in 1848 following the publication of the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Freidrich Engels. It shows how the development of these two antagonistic classes was viewed by the Church as an aberration or distortion of the social order and how in response to the rise of the philosophy of Marxism, Leo XIII countered with his great social encyclical Rerum Novarum, promulgated on the 15th May 1891, which was to earn him the title of 'The Workers' Pope'. The thesis then deals sequentially with the social teachings and encyclicals of Popes Pius XI, Pius XII, John XXIII, Paul VI and John Paul II. All of these Popes, in some way, expanded upon and developed the social teaching of the Church regarding the workers. In many ways it could be said that the later encyclicals have 'fleshed out' Rerum Novarum. During this period, numerous advances have been made in the fields of technology and there has been a considerable improvement in the conditions and wages of workers. In its consideration of the social encyclicals since Rerum Novarum, this thesis discusses the way in which the Popes have developed and expanded Catholic social teaching in respect of the workers as changes in technology and various structural changes to the financial system threw up new and complex challenges to the creation of a just social order in which the dignity and the rights of workers are fully respected. It is shown how the Popes since Leo XIII have confronted the injustices associated with these developments and detailed recommendations for action, some of which would be viewed by many as quite radical. Later in this thesis deleterious effects upon the rights of workers of global neo-liberal capitalism are identified. It is demonstrated that in the early years of the twenty-first century, there are already signs that some of the less desirable traits of laissez faire or liberal capitalism, are once again rearing their heads. This is seen in such developments as the 'hollowing out' of the middle class and the concentration of wealth in fewer hands. It is also seen in the slow but sure erosion of the working conditions of workers and in their level of remuneration. It is seen in developed countries, in the trend towards longer working hours and the increasing casualisation of the workforce. This thesis shows that in the context of the world economy, a gap continues to widen between the developed and undeveloped nations, whilst inequitable trade agreements tend to confine the developing nations to the status of providers of raw materials to the industrialised world, an inequity, which, more often than not finds itself imposed upon the working men and women of the developing nations in the form of long hours, low wages and poor conditions. It is a tenet of this thesis that the social teaching of the Church directly the challenges and confronts the philosophy of neo-liberal capitalism and its associated philosophy of globalism in respect of the attaining of a just distribution of the world's goods, the dignity of work and the mutual dependence of capital and labour.
5
Duffy, Gavan James. "The Worker in Catholic Social Thought: An Historical Analysis". Thesis, Griffith University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/365484.
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This thesis examines directly the development of Catholic social teaching in respect of the rights and duties of the worker. Beginning with the Old Testament, the thesis compares the attitude of the Hebrew people as expressed in Scripture to those who performed the tasks associated with the crafts or with labour. This shows how the attitude of the Hebrews to workers, in comparison with the attitude of surrounding peoples, was ameliorated by their belief in a just God who spoke to them in Scripture and through the prophets. In its examination of the New Testament, the thesis extracts gospel references to the worker and extracts from the Epistles, particularly from the Pauline texts, on the subject. The changes in attitude to the worker as expressed in the New and Old Testaments are noted. Next examined are the writings of the Church Fathers and their application to the worker. It can be seen from this examination that the early Church Fathers, whilst not directly developing a body of teaching in respect of the worker, developed a philosophical platform for its later development. It will be shown how the teachings of the Church Fathers, in their application of teaching of Jesus in the Gospels to the prevailing attitudes of Roman society contributed to the further amelioration of the condition of slaves in the later Empire. When speaking of the worker in Greco-Roman society, one is in effect speaking about the institution of slavery. The thesis then discusses the further changes in attitude to the worker that followed the decline of imperial authority in the west. It examines the role of the Church and its teaching regarding the dignity of the human person and the place of work in the scheme of redemption, and how it had an ameliorating effect on the treatment of slaves in the various Barbarian kingdoms which arose in the west following the extinguishing of Roman authority. The thesis argues that it was the influence of Christianity which ultimately led to the evolution of the condition of slavery as it was known in the Roman Empire and Carolingian period, to that of the serfdom of the Middle Ages. Next discussed is the 'Guild System' of regulating and controlling the crafts. The Guilds were a society, in part co-operative but mainly composed of private owners of capital whose corporation was self governing, and was designed to check competition between its members in order to prevent the growth of one at the expense of the other. The thesis examines how the Guilds functioned and explains why some Catholic writers such as Hilaire Belloc and Gilbert Keith Chesterton regarded the Guilds as an excellent example of the practical application of Christian principles to work and economics. The thesis then examines the effects of the Reformation and the rise of liberal capitalism from the Guild system and how they both contributed to its decline. Following the decline of the Guild system and the onset of liberal capitalism, society came to be divided into two classes, the capitalist class, and the proletariat. This thesis examines how this development occurred and the factors which contributed to it. It shows how the division of society into capitalist and proletariat, haves and have-nots, resulted in the development of a class war and the antagonism between capital and labour. The thesis shows how under the liberal capitalist system, the conditions of the working class came to resemble in the words of Leo XIII, 'a yoke, almost of slavery'. Next developed and analysed is the manner in which the antinomy between capital and labour gave birth to the philosophy of Marxism in 1848 following the publication of the Communist Manifesto by Karl Marx and Freidrich Engels. It shows how the development of these two antagonistic classes was viewed by the Church as an aberration or distortion of the social order and how in response to the rise of the philosophy of Marxism, Leo XIII countered with his great social encyclical Rerum Novarum, promulgated on the 15th May 1891, which was to earn him the title of 'The Workers' Pope'. The thesis then deals sequentially with the social teachings and encyclicals of Popes Pius XI, Pius XII, John XXIII, Paul VI and John Paul II. All of these Popes, in some way, expanded upon and developed the social teaching of the Church regarding the workers. In many ways it could be said that the later encyclicals have 'fleshed out' Rerum Novarum. During this period, numerous advances have been made in the fields of technology and there has been a considerable improvement in the conditions and wages of workers. In its consideration of the social encyclicals since Rerum Novarum, this thesis discusses the way in which the Popes have developed and expanded Catholic social teaching in respect of the workers as changes in technology and various structural changes to the financial system threw up new and complex challenges to the creation of a just social order in which the dignity and the rights of workers are fully respected. It is shown how the Popes since Leo XIII have confronted the injustices associated with these developments and detailed recommendations for action, some of which would be viewed by many as quite radical. Later in this thesis deleterious effects upon the rights of workers of global neo-liberal capitalism are identified. It is demonstrated that in the early years of the twenty-first century, there are already signs that some of the less desirable traits of laissez faire or liberal capitalism, are once again rearing their heads. This is seen in such developments as the 'hollowing out' of the middle class and the concentration of wealth in fewer hands. It is also seen in the slow but sure erosion of the working conditions of workers and in their level of remuneration. It is seen in developed countries, in the trend towards longer working hours and the increasing casualisation of the workforce. This thesis shows that in the context of the world economy, a gap continues to widen between the developed and undeveloped nations, whilst inequitable trade agreements tend to confine the developing nations to the status of providers of raw materials to the industrialised world, an inequity, which, more often than not finds itself imposed upon the working men and women of the developing nations in the form of long hours, low wages and poor conditions. It is a tenet of this thesis that the social teaching of the Church directly the challenges and confronts the philosophy of neo-liberal capitalism and its associated philosophy of globalism in respect of the attaining of a just distribution of the world's goods, the dignity of work and the mutual dependence of capital and labour.Thesis (Masters)
Master of Philosophy (MPhil)
School of Theology
Full Text
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Santos, Marcos Eduardo Melo dos. "Que a servidão pese sobre os homens! - Tradução e interpretação de Êxodo 5,1-6,1". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2015. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/18366.
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The pericope Ex 5,1-6,1 contemplates the first meeting of Moses and Aaron with the Egyptian pharaoh. The brothers are configured as representants of God and the Jewish people to negotiate the freedom with the tyrant. The narrative is part of the book of Exodus which reports that the oppressive situation in which passed the people of Israel in Egypt. This work aims to establish an exegetical analysis of the text with basis of bibliographic elements that promote the understanding of linguistics, stylistic and historical particulars present in the narrative in order to obtain conclusions of the theological and ethical point of view. The research presents itself as one of the academic productions of the research group Tradução e Interpretação do Antigo Testamento (TIAT)
A perícope Ex 5,1,-6,1 contempla o primeiro encontro de Moisés e Aarão com o faraó egípcio. Os irmãos profetas são configurados como representantes de Deus e do povo hebreu e negociam com o tirano a liberdade. A narrativa insere-se na parte do livro do Êxodo que relata a situação opressiva pela qual passava o povo de Israel no Egito. A presente dissertação visa estabelecer uma análise exegética do texto com base nos elementos bibliográficos que favoreçam a compreensão das particularidades linguísticas, estilísticas e históricas presentes na narrativa com o objetivo de obter conclusões do ponto de vista teológico e ético. A pesquisa apresenta-se como uma das produções acadêmicas do grupo de pesquisa Tradução e Interpretação do Antigo Testamento (TIAT)
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Torres, Muñoz Patricia Pamela. "Opinión técnica de carácter interpretativo del Serfor". Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.12404/19180.
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En el marco de un proceso de descentralización en marcha, que ha dado cuenta de los
múltiples desafíos para la consolidación de los Gobiernos Regionales, y el número de
agencias especializadas con competencia en materia forestal y de fauna silvestre, se hace
necesario que el Servicio Nacional Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre (Serfor) implemente
plenamente su función rectora respecto al Sistema Nacional Forestal y de Fauna Silvestre
(Sinafor) a fin de generar un espacio de coordinación interinstitucional que brinde soporte
a sus miembros para la consecución de los objetivos de la Política Nacional Forestal y de
Fauna Silvestre. En este contexto, la presente investigación busca contribuir a ello
delimitando una de las dimensiones de la función rectora del Serfor, como lo es la emisión
de opiniones técnicas vinculantes que interpretan en abstracto el sentido de la normativa
forestal y de fauna silvestre, permitiendo con ello generar predictibilidad y orientar el
correcto funcionamiento del Sinafor. A diferencia de otras entidades rectoras, el Serfor a
la fecha aún no ha implementado dicha atribución, ninguno de sus órganos de línea cuenta
con funciones expresas para ello y se adolece de un procedimiento que paute su emisión.
Sin perjuicio de ello, se han encontrado interesantes avances en las opiniones emitidas por
su Oficina General de Asesoría Jurídica y que dan cuenta de la demanda de este tipo de
opiniones por parte de los integrantes del Sinafor, lo que facilitará su posicionamiento,
haciendo necesario que la entidad también evalúe el fortalecimiento de sus demás
atribuciones rectoras.Trabajo académico
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Landini, Luiz Alberto Rodrigues. "A consolidação das redes de trasmissão e de distribuição do sistema eletrico brasileiro em face da intervenção do Estado na propiedade". [s.n.], 2007. http://repositorio.unicamp.br/jspui/handle/REPOSIP/263969.
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Orientadores: Moacyr Trindade de Oliveira Andrade, Floriano Peixoto de Azevedo Marques NetoTese (doutorado) - Universidade Estadual de Campinas, Faculdade de Engenharia Mecanica
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Resumo: A reestruturação e a privatização do setor elétrico a partir de 1995 redefiniram o papel do Estado neste setor, que passa a assumir a função regulatória e de controle em substituição às atividades de agente empreendedor. Com essa não interveniência o Estado tornou-se apenas responsável pela regulação, fiscalização e controle dos serviços públicos concedidos de energia elétrica, sendo que o fortalecimento do marco regulatório se deu com a criação da Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica ¿ ANEEL, instituída pela Lei nº 9.427, de 26 de dezembro de 1996. Paradoxalmente a isso, os serviços de infra-estrutura de energia elétrica, para que possam ser implementados, necessitam da intervenção do Estado na propriedade do particular. Assim ocorre na geração, transmissão e na distribuição de energia elétrica. Um país de dimensões continentais como o Brasil, torna tais serviços de grande complexidade para sua implementação, pois desde a geração da energia elétrica até os grandes centros consumidores há necessidade da implantação de uma vasta rede de linhas transmissoras e distribuidoras que transpassam por inúmeras propriedades sobre as quais recaem os ônus da servidão, ou, quando não, são desapropriadas para a destinação a ser dada pelas concessionárias, trazendo sérios transtornos aos seus proprietários. Neste contexto observa-se no presente trabalho que, conquanto o detentor do imóvel não perde o domínio de sua propriedade, pois não há a transferência dela para a concessionária nos casos de instituição de servidão de passagem de linhas transmissoras e distribuidoras de energia elétrica, há sempre a restrição quanto ao uso, gozo e fruição da mesma. Diferindo da faixa de servidão, na desapropriação ocorre a transferência da propriedade para o titular do direito à expropriação, fazendo com que o proprietário perca sua propriedade para o Estado, representado por quem esse tenha outorgado a concessão ou permissão para a exploração do serviço. Para tanto, compete ao poder concedente como medida preparatória, a emissão dos atos declaratórios de utilidade pública para fins de desapropriação ou de instituição de servidão administrativa no setor elétrico tal qual previsto na Lei nº 8.987, de 13 de fevereiro de 1995 (Lei de Concessões), que dispõe sobre o regime de concessão e permissão da prestação de serviços públicos previsto no caput do art. 175 da Constituição Federal. No entanto, a reestruturação e a privatização de diversos setores, tais quais previstos no Programa Nacional de Desestatização - PND, trouxeram algumas dificuldades que não eram observadas quando todas as empresas implementadoras de infra-estrutura eram estatais. Neste contexto se situam as empresas prestadoras dos serviços públicos de energia elétrica, e de rodovias, em face das controvérsias verificadas quanto à utilização transversal e longitudinal das faixas de domínio das rodovias por empresas transmissoras e distribuidoras de energia elétrica, em razão de cobranças pecuniárias para sua utilização, denominadas como receitas complementares ou acessórias. O presente trabalho além de abordar o entendimento das concessionárias envolvidas, e das agências ARTESP, CSPE, ANEEL, e ABCR, ao final, trata de questão recém regulamentada, ou seja, a incorporação das redes particulares de distribuição, que não disponham de ato autorizativo do poder concedente, ao patrimônio das concessionárias de energia elétrica, em face da disposição contida na Lei nº 10.848, de 15 de março de 2004, que dispõe sobre a comercialização de energia, dando, também, outras providências. Estas questões, entre outras, são discutidas no presente trabalho, trazendo a lume, ao seu final, conclusões e recomendações quanto aos temas abordados
Abstract: The restructuring and privatization of the Brazilian electric sector started in 1995, has redefined the State¿s role within this sector that now starts to play the regulating and controlling functions instead of those of a contractor agent. With the non-intervention, the State has become the responsible for regulating, supervising and controlling the granted electric energy public services; keeping in mind that the strenghtening of the regulatory process begun with the founding of the Agência Nacional de Energia Elétrica ¿ ANEEL, instituted by Law nº 9.427, 1996 december 26th. On the other hand, for the implementation of the electric energy infrastructure services, it is necessary the State¿s intervention on private properties. That is the way it happens in generation, transmission and distribution of electric energy. A country like Brazil with continental dimensions, makes the implementation of such services quite complex, because from the generation point to the great consumer markets there is the need of implementing huge transmission and distribution networks through many private properties which suffer the burden of public right of free passage over it, or in many other cases these properties are expropriated and whose destination is decided by the utilities, causing serious troubles to their rightful owners. Under this circumstances it is observed in this project that although the land owner does not lose the right over his property (for there is not a legal transfer from the owner to the utility when the public right of free passage to the transmission and distribution networks is aplicable), there is always the problem related to the restriction of the usage, fruition and enjoyment of this very property by the owner. When it comes to expropriation, there is the transfer of the owner's rights, makin the owner loses it's property to the State; the State is, in this case, represented by a company that was granted the rights or permission to exploit the service. For this to happen, it is due to the power in charge of granting this concession (as a preparatory measure), the issuing of declaratory actions aiming the expropriation or the institution of administrative servitude in the electric sector, as foreseen in the Law nº 8.987 (february 13th 1995) known as Leis de Concessão (Concessions Law), which determines the clauses of the concession¿s set of rules, and the granting of the rendering of public services, as stated by caput in art. 175 of the Federal Constitution. However, the restructuring and privatization of various segments, according to the Programa Nacional de Desestatização ¿ PND (National Program for Privatization), have brought some difficulties that were not taken into account when all the companies resposible for implementing the infrastructure belonged to the State. We may include in this context, the companies which rendered electric energy public services, and highways, in view of the controversies related to the transversal and longitudinal usage of the sovereignty zones belonging to the highways by transmission and distribution of electric energy companies, due to pecuniary charges for its usage, the so-called complementary or secondary income. This document besides aproaching the understanding of the involved utilities as well as the agencies ARTESP, CSPE, ANEEL, and ABCR, deals with a recently regulated issue, that is, the incorporation of private distribution networks, which do not have an authorization act from the granting power, to the net assets of the electric energy utilities, in view of the clause contained in the Law nº 10.848, march 15th 2004, which establishes regulations over the energy trade, offering other arrangements as well. These issues, among others, are detailed in this current document, showing at the end, conclusions and recommendations related to the topics discussed.
Doutorado
Doutor em Planejamento de Sistemas Energéticos
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Sutherland, Samuel S. "Mancipia Dei: Slavery, Servitude, and the Church in Bavaria, 975-1225". The Ohio State University, 2017. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu150046157710009.
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Arévalo, Ventocilla Silvanna Doris. "La implementación del Modelo de Gestión del Rendimiento en el marco de la Reforma del Servicio Civil Peruano: El Caso de la implementación del Plan Piloto en SERFOR 2015 - 2016". Master's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2017. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/9897.
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La gestión de la implementación de una política pública tiene especial relevancia para su efectividad. Es durante esta fase que se conjugan diversos factores que pueden promover su éxito o fracaso; dichos factores pueden ser previstos o imprevistos durante el diseño o aparecer durante la implementación, del mismo modo diversos factores pueden influir y coexistir, facilitando o dificultando dicho proceso. Esta investigación considera las dificultades de la implementación como elemento central del análisis, alejándonos de premisas teóricas que priorizan el análisis del fenómeno desde el estudio de los procedimientos y la adecuación de los individuos a las normas. Algunos conceptos utilizados para el análisis serán las resistencias burocráticas, rutinas organizacionales y gestión del cambio. La evidencia empírica de esta investigación sugiere que los factores que facilitan o que dificultan son de distinta naturaleza, siendo los primeros de tipo político y organizacional y los segundos de carácter técnico. Tomando como base la experiencia de implementación de una política pública en una entidad estatal en el contexto de la reforma del servicio civil peruano y asumiendo un enfoque de abajo hacia arriba que coloca en el centro del análisis a los actores burocráticos que experimentaron la implementación; esta investigación identifica como factores que favorecieron el proceso de implementación el liderazgo ejercido por los directivos como principales impulsores de la reforma, la legitimidad de dicho liderazgo, la voluntad política, el compromiso con la reforma, la cultura organizacional y las estrategias de manejo del cambio como la gestión de comunicación así como el involucramiento y entendimiento de los actores como agentes activos de implementación, entre otros. Del mismo modo, algunos factores que dificultaron la implementación estuvieron relacionados con las rutinas burocráticas, los tiempos para la implementación, las herramientas a ser implementadas, así como las nuevas tareas y responsabilidades acaecidas con el cambio.The management of the implementation phase of a public policy has a special relevance for its effectiveness. During this phase several factors are combined to promote its success or failure; these factors could be identified or not during the design process or appear during implementation of the policy. In addition, some other factors are continuously influence in order to facilitate or disrupt the implementation process. This investigation considers the difficulties of the implementation as a central element of the analysis, moving away from the theoretical premises that prioritize the analysis of the phenomenon from the study of the procedures and the adaptation of the individuals to the norms. Some concepts used for the analysis are bureaucratic resistances, organizational routines and change of management. The empirical evidence of this research suggests that the factors that either facilitate or disrupt are from different character, the ones that facilitate are related to political and organizational elements and the ones that disrupt are related to technical tools or processes. Based on the experience of the implementation of a public policy in a governmental entity and assuming a bottom-up approach that focuses the center of the analysis in the bureaucratic actors; this research identifies as factors that promote the implementation: the leadership of the directors of the entity as the main sponsors of the reform, the legitimacy of that leadership, the political will, the commitment with the reform, the organizational culture and the strategies deployed to face the change, communication management, among others. In the same way, some factors that disrupt the implementation are the new technical tools and new routines to be executed.
Tesis
Książki na temat "Serfdom"
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Hayek, Friedrich A. von. The road to serfdom. London: Ark Paperbacks, 1986.
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Hayek, Friedrich A. von. The road to serfdom. London: IEA, 2001.
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Hayek, Friedrich A. von. The road to serfdom. Wyd. 5. Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1994.
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Domar, Evsey D. Capitalism, socialism, and serfdom. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
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Harvey, D. R. Milk quotas: Freedom or serfdom? Reading: Centre for Agricultural Strategy, University of Reading, 1985.
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Domar, Evsey D. Capitalism, socialism, and serfdom: Essays. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1989.
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Mbonu, Gilbert Ejikeme. Ikelionwu: From serfdom to kingdom. Enugu, Nigeria: Ezu Books Ltd., 2018.
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Wirtschafter, Elise Kimerling. Russia's age of serfdom 1649-1861. Malden, MA: Blackwell Pub., 2008.
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Grigorovich, D. V. Anton ; Thepeasant: Two stories of serfdom. Reading: Whiteknights Press, 1991.
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L, Bush M., red. Serfdom and slavery: Studies in legal bondage. London: Longman, 1996.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaCzęści książek na temat "Serfdom"
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Greenidge, C. W. W. "Serfdom or Peonage". W Slavery, 74–93. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003309222-8.
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Dowlah, Caf. "The Russian serfdom". W Foundations of Modern Slavery, 116–36. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003160182-9.
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Himka, John-Paul. "Serfdom and Servitudes". W Galician Villagers and the Ukrainian National Movement in the Nineteenth Century, 1–58. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 1988. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-349-19386-8_1.
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Bak, János M., Balázs Nagy i Gábor Klaniczay. "Serfs and Serfdom:". W Studying Medieval Rulers and Their Subjects, IV—3—IV—18. London: Routledge, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003420729-4.
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Ebenstein, Alan. "The Road to Serfdom". W Hayek’s Journey, 117–26. New York: Palgrave Macmillan US, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4039-7379-5_9.
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Block, Walter E. "Hayek’s Road to Serfdom". W Palgrave Studies in Classical Liberalism, 43–50. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-28353-7_4.
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Paxton, John. "Serfdom in Imperial Russia". W Imperial Russia, 82–91. London: Palgrave Macmillan UK, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1057/9780230598720_8.
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Sawyer, Roger. "Debt Bondage and Serfdom". W Slavery in the Twentieth Century, 122–43. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003307907-7.
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Dowlah, Caf. "The East European serfdom". W Foundations of Modern Slavery, 107–15. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003160182-8.
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Dowlah, Caf. "The West European serfdom". W Foundations of Modern Slavery, 93–106. London: Routledge, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781003160182-7.
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Косулина, Л. Г. "The abolition of serfdom in Russia: debatable problems". W Социально-гуманитарные исследования: векторы развития науки и образования : материалы VIII научно-практической конференции с международным участием, посвященной Году педагога и наставника, г. Москва, МПГУ, 20–21 апреля 2023 г. Crossref, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.37492/isgo.2023.10.01.043.
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Samoilov, D. "Geographic information analysis of seasonal works and local migrations of peasants in the Vologda district during the post-reform period". W Historical research in the context of data science: Information resources, analytical methods and digital technologies. LLC MAKS Press, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.29003/m1825.978-5-317-06529-4/303-310.
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The paper deals with seasonal work and local migrations of Vologda uyezd peasants after the abolition of serfdom in Russia. It has been found that traditional explanation which claims agricultural crisis as main reason of peasants leaving their villages for seasonal work was not confirmed by the information from local documents. The research is based on GIS displaying demographic change and migration activities in every village of Vologda uyezd in 1859–1914.
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Zemitis, Guntis. "Abolition of Serfdom in the Baltics – a Demand Dictated by the Modern World". W The 7th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.7.2.13.
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Hoffmann, Thomas, i Hesi Siimets-Gross. "The Institute of Serfdom in Hilchen’s Draft Land Law of 1599 – a Regional Comparison". W The 7th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.7.2.10.
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Schäfer, Frank L. "Transition from Feudal to Modern Society: The Impact of Abolition of Serfdom on German Private Law". W The 7th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.7.02.
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Lazdins, Janis. "The Origins of a Civil Society Based on Democratically Legitimate Values in Baltics after Abolition of Serfdom". W The 7th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. University of Latvia, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.7.2.11.
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Занин, С. В. "THE CONSTITUTIONAL PROJECT OF PRINCE D. A. GOLITSYN". W Конференция памяти профессора С.Б. Семёнова ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ ЗАРУБЕЖНОЙ ИСТОРИИ. Crossref, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.55000/mcu.2021.40.31.027.
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В статье рассматриваются основные идеи, высказанные князем Д. А. Голицыным в рукопи-си «Замечаний на Наказ», и указывается, что проект содержал главное требование: отмены крепо-стного права в России и создания условий для развития освобожденного крестьянства: провеще-ния, доступного суда, самоуправления. В качестве паратекста проекта рассматриваются письма Д. А. Голицына к его дяде – вице-канцлеру А. М. Голицыну. The article examines the main ideas expressed by Prince D. A. Golitsyn in the manuscript “Remarks on the Nakaz” and indicates that the project contained the main requirement: the abolition of serfdom in Russia and the creation of conditions for the development of the liberated peasantry: promulgation, accessible court, self-government. Letters from D. A. Golitsyn to his uncle, Vice-Chancellor A. M. Golitsyn, are considered as a paratext of the project.
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Bairašauskaitė, Tamara. "Consideration of the Project for the Abolition of Serfdom at the Dietine in the Wilno Governorate in 1817". W The 7th International Scientific Conference of the Faculty of Law of the University of Latvia. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/iscflul.7.01.
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Gailīte, Dina. "Juridisko tekstu seniespiedumi latviešu valodā: Latvijas juridiskās kultūras daļa". W Latvijas Universitātes 81. starptautiskā zinātniskā konference. LU Akadēmiskais apgāds, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.22364/juzk.81.40.
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The task of the article is to provide an insight into the oldest printed texts of laws in the Latvian language: the research examines the printed law texts from the end of the 17th century to the beginning of the 19th century. The oldest legal texts in Latvian preserved in Latvian libraries are several criminal laws issued in Swedish Livland in the 17th century. In the 18th century, laws and other normative acts were published in Latvian in various sectors: including, for example, the first printed road traffic regulations. The laws were translated from German into Latvian by Baltic German priests, who also read them to the congregations during church services. At the beginning of the 19th century, the first commentary on the laws was published in Latvian, explaining the law on the liberation of peasantry from serfdom in Kurzeme. In 1824, the first newspaper in Latvian was released, which in some ways can be considered the official gazette – “Vidzemes Latviešu Avīzes”.
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Tomelić, Emanuela. "Research on Kuna of Pelješac urban development". W Zajednički temelji 2023. - uniSTem : deseti skup mladih istraživača iz područja građevinarstva i srodnih tehničkih znanosti, Split, 14.-17. rujna, 2023. = Common Foundations 2023 - uniSTem : the tenth meeting of young researchers in the field of civil engineering and related technical sciences, 14-17 September 2023, Split. University of Split, Faculty of Civil Engineering, Architecture and Geodesy, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.31534/10.zt.2023.20.
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In 1333 Pelješac came under the rule of the Republic of Dubrovnik, which carried out the first known division of the peninsula. The land was divided among the Dubrovnik nobility and serfdom relations were imposed on the local population, which lasted until the time of the Austro-Hungarian administration. The subject of this paper is research into the urban development in Kuna Pelješka, the central settlement of Pelješka Župa. Two main types of buildings can be distinguished in the present settlement, which has lost its original urban structure over time. The first type appears in the 15th century, at the time of the Dubrovnik Republic. At that time, settlements were built according to certain rules laid down in the Statute of Dubrovnik and other laws on building. The second type dates back to the 19th century, the time of Austria-Hungary, and is closely related to the improvement of the economic power of the local population, i.e. the flourishing of trade and shipping.
Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Serfdom"
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Rodríguez Burgos, Ojel L. The Road to Serfdom Turns 80. Institute for Economic Liberty, czerwiec 2024. http://dx.doi.org/10.53095/13582015.
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The Nobel Prize-winning economist Friedrich Hayek is recognized as one of the most important advocates of liberty in the 20th century. The work that earned him this distinction was The Road to Serfdom, published in 1944 and dedicated “To the socialists of all parties.” The central thesis of the book is the incompatibility of central economic planning and a society of free individuals. This article reviews the origins and some of the key arguments of this seminal work in economic thought.
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Baten, Jörg, i Mikołaj Szołtysek. A golden age before serfdom? The human capital of Central-Eastern and Eastern Europe in the 17th-19th centuries. Rostock: Max Planck Institute for Demographic Research, sierpień 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.4054/mpidr-wp-2014-008.
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