Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Semantics communication”
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Kavanagh, Ryan. "Substructural Observed Communication Semantics". Electronic Proceedings in Theoretical Computer Science 322 (27.08.2020): 69–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.4204/eptcs.322.7.
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ter Meulen, Alice G. B. "Semantic realism, rigid designation, and dynamic semantics". Behavioral and Brain Sciences 21, nr 1 (luty 1998): 85–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0140525x98460400.
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Semantic realism fits Millikan's account of kind terms in its focus on information-theoretic abilities and strategic ways of gathering information in human communication. Instead of the traditional logical necessity, we should interpret rigid designation in a dynamic semantics as a legislative act to constrain possible ways in which our belief may change.
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Isaeva, Ekaterina, Oksana Manzhula i Olga Baiburova. "Form – Meaning – Usage Synergy in LSP & Professional Communication". Fachsprache 44, nr 3-4 (4.11.2022): 169–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.24989/fs.v44i3-4.1973.
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This article deals with computer security terminology from the perspective of Fillmore’sframe semantics. Cognitive linguists have proved that semantics is realised in context and contributesto cognition. This article aims to analyse which semantic roles are prevalent for usingcomputer security terms in context. Our evidence proves that the term’s meaning and semantic role in the frame corresponding to a communicative event are interrelated. The research has been carried out on a manually collected corpus of computer security texts, comprising terms in their contexts. The data are analysed as follows. First, a thematic categorisation of terms is carried out. Then semantic frame modelling is applied. After that, we generalise our findings and achieve sufficient abstraction in the conclusion about the presence of form – meaning – usage interdependence in professional discourse and LSP. Finally, we discuss the place of semantic framing in the multimodality of professional communication regarding the logic and philosophy of language.
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Winter, George F. "Semantics". British Journal of Midwifery 29, nr 12 (2.12.2021): 718. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/bjom.2021.29.12.718.
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Barðdal, Jóhanna, Thomas Smitherman, Valgerður Bjarnadóttir, Serena Danesi, Gard B. Jenset i Barbara McGillivray. "Reconstructing constructional semantics". Theory and data in cognitive linguistics 36, nr 3 (30.11.2012): 511–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.36.3.03bar.
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As the historical linguistic community is well aware, reconstructing semantics is a notoriously difficult undertaking. Such reconstruction has so far mostly been carried out on lexical items, like words and morphemes, and has not been conducted for larger and more complex linguistic units, which intuitively seems to be a more intricate task, especially given the lack of methodological criteria and guidelines within the field. This follows directly from the fact that most current theoretical frameworks are not construction-based, that is, they do not assume that constructions are form-meaning correspondences. In order to meet this challenge, we present an attempt at reconstructing constructional semantics, and more precisely the semantics of the Dative Subject Construction for an earlier stage of Indo-European. For this purpose we employ lexical semantic verb classes in combination with the semantic map model (Barðdal 2007, Barðdal, Kristoffersen & Sveen 2011), showing how incredibly stable semantic fields may remain across long time spans, and how reconstructing such semantic fields may be accomplished.
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Pasha, Maruf. "Semantically Enabled Communication Framework for Autonomous Systems". International Journal of Knowledge Society Research 8, nr 2 (kwiecień 2017): 54–68. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/ijksr.2017040105.
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Multi-agent systems (MAS) have recently gained much fame and have proved to be a potential technology that enables the construction and development of collaborative intelligent software systems. Development of such autonomous intelligent systems require a high level of communication with enriched semantics that will enable them to be integrated with the Web to achieve the ultimate goal of the Semantic Web in the future. The most important issues in MAS are high-level agent interaction, expressive power of agents, and semantics of messages to collaborate and cooperate with each other in Autonomous Decentralized Systems (ADS). This encoding/decoding mechanism will not only increase the reliability of the system but will also exhibit the properties of ADS that are high assurance. The evaluation proves that the implementation of semantically enriched communication improves performance and efficiency as a whole.
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Gärdenfors, Peter. "Levels of communication and lexical semantics". Synthese 195, nr 2 (12.06.2014): 549–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-014-0493-3.
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Juliyanti, Widiya, Fonnalita Fonnalita, Rialisa Triananda Triananda, Pina Barokah i Roselia Putri Lestari. "Investigating Semantics Activities in New Pandemic Era 2021". EDULIA: English Education, Linguistic and Art Journal 1, nr 2 (2.06.2021): 50–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.31539/edulia.v1i2.2349.
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This study aimed to describe semantic activities in the new pandemic era in 2021 at STKIP PGRI Lubuklinggau. In this research, researchers used descriptive qualitative research. The subject of this research is semantics lecturer. The researcher chose one research subject because the semantic lecturer is a key informant who has met the requirements as a key informant. Based on research results, the researchers discovered how semantics the lecturer teaches starting from the approach. Semantics lecturer combines two languages, English and Bahasa Indonesia, considered avoiding misunderstanding communication and help students to understand the materials more. In conculsions, there is no difference between online and offline syllabus. The material remains the same. The differences only about how the way the lecturer delivers the material, method, and learning strategies.
Keywords: Activities, Pandemic, Semantics
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Suzuki, Toshitaka N., David Wheatcroft i Michael Griesser. "The syntax–semantics interface in animal vocal communication". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences 375, nr 1789 (18.11.2019): 20180405. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2018.0405.
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Syntax (rules for combining words or elements) and semantics (meaning of expressions) are two pivotal features of human language, and interaction between them allows us to generate a limitless number of meaningful expressions. While both features were traditionally thought to be unique to human language, research over the past four decades has revealed intriguing parallels in animal communication systems. Many birds and mammals produce specific calls with distinct meanings, and some species combine multiple meaningful calls into syntactically ordered sequences. However, it remains largely unclear whether, like phrases or sentences in human language, the meaning of these call sequences depends on both the meanings of the component calls and their syntactic order. Here, leveraging recently demonstrated examples of meaningful call combinations, we introduce a framework for exploring the interaction between syntax and semantics (i.e. the syntax-semantic interface) in animal vocal sequences. We outline methods to test the cognitive mechanisms underlying the production and perception of animal vocal sequences and suggest potential evolutionary scenarios for syntactic communication. We hope that this review will stimulate phenomenological studies on animal vocal sequences as well as experimental studies on the cognitive processes, which promise to provide further insights into the evolution of language. This article is part of the theme issue ‘What can animal communication teach us about human language?’
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CHIANESE, ANGELO, ANNA RITA FASOLINO, VINCENZO MOSCATO, PORFIRIO TRAMONTANA i MARIO CAROPRESO. "A NOVEL APPROACH FOR SEMANTIC INTEROPERABILITY IN THE WEB BASED ON THE SEMANTIC TRIANGLE COMMUNICATION MODEL". International Journal of Software Engineering and Knowledge Engineering 21, nr 07 (listopad 2011): 1037–73. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218194011005591.
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In this paper we propose a novel communication approach and a possible implementation of it that, exploiting the Semantic Web technologies, allows semantic interoperability among software agents in the Web, preserving not only the semantics but also the subjectivity of the agent's world vision in the communication. Such an approach takes advantage of a particular communication model called Semantic Triangle in which communication agents share the referents (real world objects) and not the concepts (mental image or impression of a real object from the sender agents point of view), thus ensuring an effective semantic interoperability in the information exchange process. The proposed approach has been submitted to an experiment that involved an instantiation of the communication process based on semantic machines and showed the approach feasibility for the semantic information exchange and its effectiveness.
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Devina, Devina. "Cross-linguistic influence of propositional and lexical semantics errors in Indonesian learner texts". Indonesian Journal of Applied Linguistics 11, nr 3 (31.01.2022): 527–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.17509/ijal.v11i3.36618.
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Advanced language acquisition applies rigorous understanding of the target language (TL) which oftentimes achieved by comparing mother tongue features to the TL. This is where cross-linguistic influence (CLI) occurs as learners transfer knowledge among languages. The study aims at investigating CLI in propositional and lexical semantics through questionnaire, weekly discussion, and assignment entries of 34 learner texts of Indonesian for Business Communication course at a private university in West Jakarta. Referring to Odlin’s (1989) CLI framework of semantics domain, the results show that CLI presents in 1) propositional semantics by 37.6% (i.e., semantic case by 4,3% and semantic universality and relativism by 33,3%) and 2) lexical semantics by 62,3% (i.e., cognate vocabulary by 8,6%; lexical universals and acquisition by 43% and lexicon and morphology by 10,7%). English (as the medium of instruction) influences the Indonesian production in word-choice, demonstrative determiner ini and itu; prefix-suffix conjugation (i.e., particle -lah, active-passive voice); and relative conjunction yang. The findings suggest the patterns of error produced by learners whose mother tongue is Dutch and who use English as their second language. Moreover, in Indonesian for Business Communication course, lecturers can refer to the findings of this research as a guide to support learners with their Indonesian language production. The findings also demonstrate that learners who are familiar with informal-daily Indonesian take more time in developing adequate formal Indonesian, compared to those who do not use the language as their daily communication.
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Pu, Qiumei, Yongcun Cao, Xiuqin Pan, Siyao Fu i Zengguang Hou. "Combining Ontology with Intelligent Agent to Provide Negotiation Service". International Journal of Software Science and Computational Intelligence 2, nr 3 (lipiec 2010): 52–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/jssci.2010070104.
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Agent and Ontology are distinct technologies that arose independent of each other, having their own standards and specifications. The semantics web is one of the popular research areas these days, and is based on the current Web, which adds more semantics to it for the purpose of building the Ontology of Web content. In this regard, application program on Web can make the purpose of cross-platform calculation come true by taking advantage of Ontology. However, agent is a theory able to enhance abstraction of software itself, and as it is know, negotiation protocol is the basic principle in the electronic commerce which has a direct impact on the efficiency of the negotiation. This study examines the communication architecture with negotiation protocol on the Semantic Web. Precisely speaking, agents make computing with Ontology, and the authors define an agent’s communication ontology for this communication framework and semantic web use Ontology to describe the negotiation protocol. In this context, the buyer or seller will be able to improve semantic cognitive in process of negotiation. Also, it can provide an intelligent platform for the information exchange on the same understanding about the content of communication in the electronic negotiation service.
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Худайбердиевна Мухамедова, Саодат, i Солихова Озода Сойибжоновна. "On medium valence in the uzbek language". SCIENTIFIC WORK 66, nr 05 (20.05.2021): 9–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.36719/2663-4619/66/9-13.
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This work examines the types of valence in the Uzbek language. The verb - predicate, on the basis of its valence, at the request of communication, accepts its actants, realizing the semes that make up its semantics. An actant of a certain valency is considered a specific member of the sentence. Thus, valency is the intersection of grammar and vocabulary, syntax and semantics. It is for this reason that it is considered from two points of view, studied by dividing it into two types: semantic valence and syntactic valence. But in the Uzbek language there are other types of valence, for the Uzbek language, being an agglutinative language, like other Turkic languages, has a peculiar structure and semantics. Key words: valency, semantics, compatibility, actant, predicate, sentence model, semantic valency, syntactic valency, valency of the grammatical form of a word, mediated valence
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Iliadi, Alexander. "TYPOLOGY IN SEMANTICS: IRANIAN-SLAVIC SEMASIOLOGICAL PARALLELS". Naukovy Visnyk of South Ukrainian National Pedagogical University named after K. D. Ushynsky: Linguistic Sciences 2019, nr 29 (listopad 2019): 120–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.24195/2616-5317-2019-29-10.
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The article deals with a topical problem of general semasiology, namely the investigation of phenomenon of semantical development regularity in the vocabulary of two groups into Indo-European genetic family of languages. The approach with regard to analysis of semantics with taking into account of coverage of several lexical-and-semantic systems enables a researcher to imagine a fuller picture about extension of lingual phenomena and gives the solid ground for synthesis. Especially interesting is observing the vocabulary of languages, whose speakers are bearers of different cultures, including cultures and traditions of communication. Typological analogies in semantics of communication of ethnic groups, which have different cultures, indicate either typology of language thinking or implementation of common patterns, which have been formed in the epoch of the Proto-Indo-European language, either language contacts in different times. Lexicon of Iranian and Slavic languages is used as the object of observing because it hasn’t been widely devised in the aspect of its comparative semasiological description and highlighting of typologically common peculiarities in correlation of basic and derivative meanings. Preliminary observing entitles the author to highlight the semasiological parallels: 1) role-play situation when a child should be found on the road as a way to trick death, which hunting down all newborns in the family; 2) conferring of symbolic importance to a knot, tying, which can be taken as an agreement, an oath, a vow for consolidating all subjects of legal relationship; 3) very close link of hand with the idea of help (perhaps, also in ritual sense). Other semasiological parallels: human desire to reflect in lexical semantics the objects of environment by the way of comparison these with body parts; traces of an archaic view on relations between family members through blood, saved in semantics; change verba facere - verba dicere; figurative usage of the verbs with etymological meaning ʻsway, rockʼ as ʻgoʼ, ʻwolk, strollʼ; implementation of semantical potential to denote something useless through caritive prefix and root with meaning ʻcase, thingʼ; change ʻsweep, broomʼ - ʻstealʼ and ʻsweep, broomʼ - ʻchase awayʼ and other.
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Zhang, Jie Xin. "The Research on Image Semantic Correlation Metrics Based on Word-Net in Communication Material". Advanced Materials Research 738 (sierpień 2013): 268–71. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.738.268.
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In this paper, the semantics of the video image in different size, different levels of abstraction inherent in the semantic concept relations is proposed based on lexical semantic relations between concepts, with Word-Net tree concept hierarchy to organize marked keywords and search keywords thought, between the two images semantic similarity measure convert path from Word-Net concept between the nodes in communication material. The relationship between image semantic concepts is to measure and matching.
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Kussmaul, Paul. "Semantic Models and Translating". Target. International Journal of Translation Studies 6, nr 1 (1.01.1994): 1–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/target.6.1.02kus.
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Abstract This paper examines the relevance of three semantic models for translation. Structural semantics, more specifically semantic feature analysis, has given rise to the maxim that we should translate "bundles of semantic features". Prototype semantics suggests that word-meanings have cores and fuzzy edges which are influenced by culture. For translation this means that we do not necessarily translate bundles of features but have to decide whether to focus on the core or the fuzzy edges of the meaning of a particular word. Scenesand-frames semantics suggests that word meaning is influenced by context and the situation we are in. Word-meaning is thus not static but dynamic, and it is this dynamism which should govern our decisions as translators.
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Kountouris, Marios, i Nikolaos Pappas. "Semantics-Empowered Communication for Networked Intelligent Systems". IEEE Communications Magazine 59, nr 6 (czerwiec 2021): 96–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/mcom.001.2000604.
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Reed, Chris, Timothy J. Norman i Nicholas R. Jennings. "Negotiating the Semantics of Agent Communication Languages". Computational Intelligence 18, nr 2 (maj 2002): 229–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/1467-8640.00188.
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Kiehn, Astrid. "An Operational Semantics for Shared Messaging Communication". Electronic Notes in Theoretical Computer Science 192, nr 1 (październik 2007): 77–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.entcs.2007.08.021.
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Carston, Robyn. "Linguistic communication and the semantics/pragmatics distinction". Synthese 165, nr 3 (5.06.2007): 321–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s11229-007-9191-8.
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WEIGAND, HANS, i WILHELM HASSELBRING. "AN EXTENSIBLE BUSINESS COMMUNICATION LANGUAGE". International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 10, nr 04 (grudzień 2001): 423–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843001000448.
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A main problem for electronic commerce, particularly for business-to-business applications, lies in the need for the involved information systems to meaningfully exchange information. Domain-specific standards may be used to define the semantics of common terms. However, in practice it is not easy to find those domain-specific standards that are detailed and stable enough to allow for real interoperability. Therefore, we propose an architecture that allows for incremental construction of a shared repository including a multilingual thesaurus, which is used in a business communication language. Communicating information systems then refer to the common thesaurus while exchanging messages. Our emphasis is be on separating semantics (in the thesaurus) and syntax (in XML). Therefore, our extensibility is not only that of XML, but also the extensibility of the semantics that is modeled in the shared repository. The business communication language XLBC is presented and how it can be used in electronic commerce applications. XLBC message patterns and conversation protocols are stored in the shared repository as well.
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Hausser, Roland. "Database Semantics". Cadernos de Linguística 2, nr 1 (14.12.2021): e382. http://dx.doi.org/10.25189/2675-4916.2021.v2.n1.id382.
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For long-term upscaling, the computational reconstruction of a complex natural mechanism must be input-output equivalent with the prototype, i.e. the reconstruction must take the same input and produce the same output in the same processing order as the original. Accordingly, the modeling of natural language communication in Database Semantics (DBS) uses a time-linear derivation order for the speaker’s output and the hearer’s input. The language-dependent surfaces serving as the vehicle of content transfer from speaker to hearer are raw data without meaning or any grammatical properties whatsoever, but measurable by natural science.
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Dor, Daniel. "From the autonomy of syntax to the autonomy of linguistic semantics". Pragmatics and Cognition 8, nr 2 (31.12.2000): 325–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/pc.8.2.03dor.
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Current research on the syntax-semantics interface demonstrates the dramatic extent to which syntactic structures constitute transparent reflections of well-defined semantic regularities. As this paper shows, the empirical results accumulated within this framework strongly suggest that a theoretical distinction should be made between two distinct levels of meaning representation: A level of conceptual meaning on the one hand, and a uniquely linguistic level of meaning — Linguistic Semantics — on the other. The semantic notions and regularities which turn out to determine major syntactic phenomena are best interpreted as belonging to the level of Linguistic Semantics, rather than to the level of conceptual meaning. This view helps characterize language as a unique and functional system — a cognitive system whose function is defined at the level of Linguistic Semantics. It explains the fact, most recently highlighted by Levinson (1997), that the expressive power of language, as a tool for the communication of meanings, is constrained in non-trivial ways.
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Vieira, R., A. F. Moreira, M. Wooldridge i R. H. Bordini. "On the Formal Semantics of Speech-Act Based Communication in an Agent-Oriented Programming Language". Journal of Artificial Intelligence Research 29 (30.06.2007): 221–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1613/jair.2221.
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Research on agent communication languages has typically taken the speech acts paradigm as its starting point. Despite their manifest attractions, speech-act models of communication have several serious disadvantages as a foundation for communication in artificial agent systems. In particular, it has proved to be extremely difficult to give a satisfactory semantics to speech-act based agent communication languages. In part, the problem is that speech-act semantics typically make reference to the "mental states" of agents (their beliefs, desires, and intentions), and there is in general no way to attribute such attitudes to arbitrary computational agents. In addition, agent programming languages have only had their semantics formalised for abstract, stand-alone versions, neglecting aspects such as communication primitives. With respect to communication, implemented agent programming languages have tended to be rather ad hoc. This paper addresses both of these problems, by giving semantics to speech-act based messages received by an AgentSpeak agent. AgentSpeak is a logic-based agent programming language which incorporates the main features of the PRS model of reactive planning systems. The paper builds upon a structural operational semantics to AgentSpeak that we developed in previous work. The main contributions of this paper are as follows: an extension of our earlier work on the theoretical foundations of AgentSpeak interpreters; a computationally grounded semantics for (the core) performatives used in speech-act based agent communication languages; and a well-defined extension of AgentSpeak that supports agent communication.
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Grzegorczykowa, Renata. "Methodological basis of cognitive-anthropological semantics. The case of the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours (vols. 1-5, 2015-2019)". Etnolingwistyka. Problemy Języka i Kultury 33 (12.10.2021): 9. http://dx.doi.org/10.17951/et.2021.33.9.
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The article consists of two parts. The first, methodological part presents the goal of cognitive-anthropological research in opposition to structural semantics and describes successive steps that lead to that goal. The second part contains commentary on the Axiological Lexicon of Slavs and their Neighbours, especially volume 5, devoted to honour. The aim of semantic-structural research is to reconstruct the semantic-lexical system of a language (as code) serving interpersonal communication – in other words, it is to reconstruct the information that one may obtain through the use of the code. The aim of cognitive-anthropological semantics is to reconstruct the conceptualization of linguistically salient fragments of reality.
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Getir, Sinem, Moharram Challenger i Geylani Kardas. "The Formal Semantics of a Domain-Specific Modeling Language for Semantic Web Enabled Multi-Agent Systems". International Journal of Cooperative Information Systems 23, nr 03 (14.08.2014): 1450005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0218843014500051.
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Development of agent systems is without question a complex task when autonomous, reactive and proactive characteristics of agents are considered. Furthermore, internal agent behavior model and interaction within the agent organizations become even more complex and hard to implement when new requirements and interactions for new agent environments such as the Semantic Web are taken into account. We believe that the use of both domain specific modeling and a Domain-specific Modeling Language (DSML) may provide the required abstraction and support a more fruitful methodology for the development of Multi-agent Systems (MASs) especially when they are working on the Semantic Web environment. Although syntax definition based on a metamodel is an essential part of a modeling language, an additional and required part would be the determination and implementation of DSML constraints that constitute the (formal) semantics which cannot be defined solely with a metamodel. Hence, in this paper, formal semantics of a MAS DSML called Semantic Web enabled Multi-agent Systems (SEA_ML) is introduced. SEA_ML is a modeling language for agent systems that specifically takes into account the interactions of semantic web agents with semantic web services. What is more, SEA_ML also supports the modeling of semantic agents from their internals to MAS perspective. Based on the defined abstract and concrete syntax definitions, we first give the formal representation of SEA_ML's semantics and then discuss its use on MAS validation. In order to define and implement semantics of SEA_ML, we employ Alloy language which is declarative and has a strong description capability originating from both relational and first-order logic in order to easily define complex structures and behaviors of these systems. Differentiating from similar contributions of other researchers on formal semantics definition for MAS development languages, SEA_ML's semantics, presented in this paper, defines both static and dynamic aspects of the interaction between software agents and semantic web services, in addition to the definition of the semantics already required for agent internals and MAS communication. Implementation with Alloy makes definition of SEA_ML's semantics to include relations and sets with a simple notation for MAS model definitions. We discuss how the automatic analysis and hence checking of SEA_ML models can be realized with the defined semantics. Design of an agent-based electronic barter system is exemplified in order to give some flavor of the use of SEA_ML's formal semantics. Lessons learned during the development of such a MAS DSML semantics are also reported in this paper.
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Benkhaled, Sihem, i Mounir Hemam. "A Semantic Gateway for Internet of Things Interoperability at the Application Layer". Applied Computer Systems 27, nr 2 (1.12.2022): 198–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/acss-2022-0021.
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Abstract Due to the rapid growth of the Internet of Things (IoT), researchers have demonstrated various IoT solutions, which are used to interconnect a wide range of IoT devices through the Internet. However, IoT stumbled into vertical silos; the available solutions provide specific IoT infrastructure, devices, protocols, data formats and models. This diversity and heterogeneity lead to interoperability issues. Heterogeneity happens at all IoT layers, especially at the application layer; devices often adopt mutually incompatible application-layer communication protocols to connect devices to IoT services. Furthermore, in order to integrate semantics to raw data, each system uses its one domain-specific ontology to make data more understandable and interpretable by adding semantic annotations. Working in isolation reduces the interoperability among IoT devices and systems, things across domains need to internetwork and collaborate to provide high level IoT services. Therefore, to alleviate the problem of both communication protocol interoperability and semantic interoperability across vertical silos of systems at the application layer, this paper proposes a semantic gateway (SGIoT) that acts as a bridge between heterogeneous sink nodes at the physical level and IoT services. SGIoT enables interconnectivity between communication protocols such as CoAP and MQTT regardless of their communication model, meanwhile it enables semantics integration throu gh cross-domain ontology (CDOnto) for semantic annotation, in order to provide interpretation of messages among IoT applications across domains. Our approach focuses on modularity and extensibility.
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Ivleva, N. V. "SCIENTIFIC TEXT LANGUAGE CODE COMPLEXITY AS A FACTOR OF COMMUNICATION DIFFICULTIES". Bulletin of Udmurt University. Series History and Philology 32, nr 3 (8.07.2022): 537–45. http://dx.doi.org/10.35634/2412-9534-2022-32-3-537-545.
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The article is devoted to the problem of a scientific text understanding in the space of interdisciplinary communication, which is relevant for modern psycholinguistics. The interdependence between the structural and semantic features of a scientific text and the reasons that prevent its adequate interpretation is considered. It is ascertained that the difficulties in the scientific text understanding are determined by the complexity of the language code. The author substantiates that incorrect decoding of a text message is associated with a mismatch of the cognitive-linguistic characteristics of the professional conceptual spheres of the text producer and its addressee. The conceptual sphere of a specific scientific field for the purposes of communication is verbalized in the form of a conceptual and terminological apparatus, in which the terms are united by a stable invariant system of associative and semantic ties and are marked by the associative competence of the bearer of this conceptual sphere. The interpretation of the semantics of language signs is determined by the meanings of terms originally acquired by the specialist in the corresponding professional field of knowledge. The difference between the objects of research in the contacting scientific fields determines the inconsistency of lexico-semantic systems representing these spheres of knowledge, in which isomorphic terms can be largely differentiated in their semantic content. It is established that errors in the adequate identification of the meanings of isomorphic terms of another field of scientific knowledge arise as a result of incorrect associative modeling of semantics in the language structure of a polysemantic word. Significant factors that hamper scientific text understanding are the features of its structural and semantic organization associated with a large number of special terminology used and logical and compositional disorder in the presentation of a textual judgment.
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Goddard, Cliff, i Anna Wierzbicka. "Semantics in the time of coronavirus: “Virus”, “bacteria”, “germs”, “disease” and related concepts". Russian Journal of Linguistics 25, nr 1 (15.12.2021): 7–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.22363/2687-0088-2021-25-1-7-23.
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This study proposes Natural Semantic Metalanguage semantic explications for the English words virus (in two senses), bacteria, germs, and for the related words sick, ill, and disease. We concentrate on their nave or folk meanings (Apresjan 1992) in everyday English, as opposed to scientific or semi-scientific meanings. In this way, the paper makes a start on uncovering the folk epidemiology embedded in the English lexicon. The semantics of words like virus, bacteria and germs is not, however, a purely academic matter. It is also a matter of effective health education and health communication. To reach people at a time of an epidemic, explanations need to connect with ordinary peoples ways of thinking and speaking. This paper argues that the simple and cross-translatable words of NSM, and minimal languages based on it, can be effective tools not only for linguistic semantics but also for education and communication everywhere - at the local school and in the world at large.
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Manning, Alan D. "The Semantics of Technical Graphics". Journal of Technical Writing and Communication 19, nr 1 (styczeń 1989): 31–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.2190/pv8h-vwdr-dk35-mtnh.
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Common technical graphics terms table, graph, chart, and diagram share a parallel logical structure with the four common types of technical graphics that the terms typically refer to. In the system of terminology as in the system of graphics types, four logical categories result from the possible permutations of two features. The abstract semantic features which underlie the meanings of the terms are in this discussion labeled as [UNITS] and [PROPERTIES]; likewise the significant features which distinguish the graphics types are here labeled as “units” and “properties.” These proposed semantic features reflect a fundamental semantic relation common to all meaningful statements, the attribution of a property (a predicate) to an object (a subject). The connection between term-features ([UNITS] and [PROPERTIES]) and type-features (“units” and “properties”) is a variable but systematic sense-reference relation. Consequently the terminology used to refer to the various graphics types varies systematically according to the markedness relationships among the terms. Principled explanations of the best uses for each graphics type follow from the proposed logical relations between them.
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Nuckolls, Janis B. "“How do you even know what ideophones mean?”". Gesture 19, nr 2-3 (31.12.2020): 161–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/gest.20005.nuc.
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Abstract Using data from the Northern Pastaza (qvc) and Upper Napo Quichua (quw) dialects of Amazonian Ecuador, this paper argues that the semantics of ideophones, a highly marked form class of expressive words, is principled and describable with a combination of sensori-semantic features and a fine-grained typology of gestures, based on insights from Streeck (2008) and others. Specifically, ideophones’ sensori-semantics are broken down into a semantic map consisting of 3 super- and 7 subcategorical distinctions. The greater the number of categories encoded by an ideophone’s semantics, the greater are the range of gestures used. Finally, gesture types identified by Streeck (2008) and others, were found among a very different group of people who are not western, educated, industrialized, rich, or democratic. Further research into ideophones and their gestures may find broader significance for ideophone semantics, and more generally, for the interrelations between language and gesture.
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Fischer, Felix, i Michael Rovatsos. "An empirical semantics approach to reasoning about communication". Engineering Applications of Artificial Intelligence 18, nr 7 (październik 2005): 809–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engappai.2005.06.005.
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Wang, Yan, i Bart O. Nnaji. "Document-Driven Design for Distributed CAD Services in Service-Oriented Architecture". Journal of Computing and Information Science in Engineering 6, nr 2 (11.08.2005): 127–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/1.2194911.
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Current computer-aided design (CAD) systems only support interactive geometry generation, which is not ideal for distributed engineering services in enterprise-to-enterprise collaboration with a generic thin-client service-oriented architecture. This paper proposes a new feature-based modeling mechanism—document-driven design—to enable batch mode geometry construction for distributed CAD systems. A semantic feature model is developed to represent informative and communicative design intent. Feature semantics is explicitly captured as a trinary relation, which provides good extensibility and prevents semantics loss. Data interoperability between domains is enhanced by schema mapping and multiresolution semantics. This mechanism aims to enable asynchronous communication in distributed CAD environments with ease of design alternative evaluation and reuse, reduced human errors, and improved system throughput and utilization.
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Chen, Guang Ming, i Xiao Wu Li. "Update Semantics in Communicated Information System". Advanced Materials Research 403-408 (listopad 2011): 1460–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.403-408.1460.
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An approach, which is called Communicated Information Systems, is introduced to describe the information available in a number of agents and specify the information communication among the agents. The systems are extensions of classical propositional logic in multi-agents context, providing with us a way by which not only the agent’s own information, but the information from other agents may be applied to agent’s reasoning as well. Communication rules, which are defined in the most essential form, can be regarded as the base to characterize some interesting cognitive proporties of agents. Since the corresponding communication rules can be chosen for different applications, the approach is general purpose one. The other main task is that the soundness and completeness of the Communicated Information Systems for the update semantics have been proved in the paper.
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BURTON-ROBERTS, NOEL. "Robyn Carston on semantics, pragmatics and ‘encoding’". Journal of Linguistics 41, nr 2 (28.06.2005): 389–407. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022226705003300.
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Robyn Carston,Thoughts and utterances: the pragmatics of explicit communication. Oxford: Blackwell Publishers, 2002. Pp. x+408.Robyn Carston's Thoughts and utterances is, in every sense, a big book. The result of years of thinking about communication from a relevance-theoretic perspective, it is long, wide-ranging, rich, intricate, demanding and radical. And it is (or should be) controversial. Essential reading therefore for anyone with any interest in language and communication, philosophy of language, semantics and pragmatics.
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Chul Lee. "Communication, Societal Structure and Semantics — Luhmann’s Semantics as an Alternative to Koselleck’s Conceptual History —". CONCEPT AND COMMUNICATION ll, nr 12 (grudzień 2013): 309–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.15797/concom.2013..12.010.
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Winkowski, Jozef. "An Algebraic Model for Communicating Processes". Fundamenta Informaticae 11, nr 1 (1.01.1988): 65–115. http://dx.doi.org/10.3233/fi-1988-11106.
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A new semantics for communicating processes is introduced which modifies the ideas of Milner (1980) and Winskel (1982, 1983, and 1986). This semantics, inspired by a model of Staples and Nguyen (1985) for nondeterministic data flow, allows one to avoid explicit representation of hidden events of processes, which simplifies the concept of observation equivalence of processes. It offers also a framework to cope with indivisible sets of communication events.
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Eshimov, M. P., S. R. Nurtileuova i S. K. Kulmanov. "NON-VERBAL COMPONENTS OF COMMUNICATION: SIMILARITIES AND DIFFERENCES". Tiltanym 86, nr 2 (30.06.2022): 16–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.55491/2411-6076-2022-2-16-25.
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The article examines the similarities and differences between the non-verbal techniques used in communication. At the same time, the meaning of a number of the nonverbal techniques used in context is defined. Non-verbal communication is realised through the use of different body parts, carrying a certain semantic sense. For example, nodding means greeting and saying goodbye, as well as disagreeing and being surprised. In communication, such gestures are often used in everyday life. Indeed, a person cannot communicate without using gestures when communicating, because non-verbal components are the play that clarifies the meaning of words, gives them additional meaning and contributes to a more accurate and clear expression of thoughts.The authors argue that gestures in communication, although similar in origin through the use of various non-verbal techniques, including the use of hands, head, eyes, etc., in terms of semantics convey different meanings in the communication of Kazakhs, Russians and other ethnic groups, and point out that some gestures are not used in the same meaning by all people. It also includes specific examples of fiction works related to similarities and differences of non-verbal techniques in communication.
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Kirichek, P. N. "Semantic and Style Concepts in Mass Communication Content". Communicology 9, nr 3 (29.09.2021): 166–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.21453/2311-3065-2021-9-3-166-180.
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The article examines the semantic and style concepts of the functioning of mass communication in modern conditions, determines their role and significance for the transfer of public information from the communicator to the recipient. The author, analyzing the semantics and stylistics of media texts of an outstanding communicative personality (well-known journalist E.E. Kish), (1) traces gradual changes in the author’s worldview and the associated transformation of the nominal language and style; (2) identifies creative resources strengthening the intention of a journalistic work and improving the perceptual effect in “Author” – “Audience”, (3) comments on the positions established in the theory of the press on the relationship of ideas and style in publishing and (4) gives professional lessons in figurative and logical mastery novice journalists.
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Feil, Ruth M. E., i Bo Laursen. "Strukturel semantik og formel leksikalsk repræsentation". HERMES - Journal of Language and Communication in Business 1, nr 2 (17.07.2015): 77. http://dx.doi.org/10.7146/hjlcb.v1i2.21355.
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This paper deals with lexical semantics from a European structuralist point of view. Three fundamentals of the tradition are treated: 1) 'meaning' viewed as 'sense' and not 'reference', 2) the semantic interdependence between words, and 3) componential analysis of lexical meaning. The structuralist approach to lexical semantics is commented upon with respect to its adequacy as a theory for the description of word meaning and to its explicitness in view of a formal representation of word meaning.
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GAY, SIMON J., i RAJAGOPAL NAGARAJAN. "Types and typechecking for Communicating Quantum Processes". Mathematical Structures in Computer Science 16, nr 3 (czerwiec 2006): 375–406. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0960129506005263.
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We define a language CQP (Communicating Quantum Processes) for modelling systems that combine quantum and classical communication and computation. CQP combines the communication primitives of the pi-calculus with primitives for measurement and transformation of the quantum state; in particular, quantum bits (qubits) can be transmitted from process to process along communication channels. CQP has a static type system, which classifies channels, distinguishes between quantum and classical data, and controls the use of quantum states. We formally define the syntax, operational semantics and type system of CQP, prove that the semantics preserves typing, and prove that typing guarantees that each qubit is owned by a unique process within a system. We also define a typechecking algorithm and prove that it is sound and complete with respect to the type system. We illustrate CQP by defining models of several quantum communication systems, and outline our plans for using CQP as the foundation for formal analysis and verification of combined quantum and classical systems.
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Alsayed, Fatimah. "The Effects of Semantics in the Language Development of English as a Foreign Language (EFL) Learners". International Journal of Learning and Development 9, nr 4 (4.01.2020): 138. http://dx.doi.org/10.5296/ijld.v9i4.15735.
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The study of Semantics is an important area of word meaning, references, senses, logic, and perlocutions and illocutions. That is, the study of Semantics increases students’ understanding and awareness of word meaning, sentence relationships, and discourse and context. It also enables students to create and improve their Semantics maps which are webs of words visually display the meaning-based connections between a word or phrase and a set of related words or concepts. This paper is a product of effort that I make to implement some theoretically-sound strategies in planning and teaching a Semantic course for English Foreign language learners (EFL). The aim of this paper is to show that utilizing the mechanisms of meaning is vital to successful human communication. Alongside with that, lexical development will solidify students’ understanding of language meaning and sense relations. The purpose of the course is to concentrate on teaching key terms in Semantics, Semantics Analysis of Writing Approach (SAW) and ‘agent-action-goal with real-life action’ technique and then employed the knowledge of these terms to improve students’ vocabulary in the short-term, and their language proficiency in the long-term. Scaffolding the Semantics information with L2 vocabulary strategies is pivotal in language development. Implementing semantics strategies in an attempt to expose the relationship between teaching Semantics and improving ELLs’ language skills.
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Dussel, Enrique. "Analogy and Communication". Philosophies 4, nr 2 (5.06.2019): 31. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/philosophies4020031.
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Analogy makes possible the dialogue between people. This dialogue, at the intercultural level and from distinct ontological comprehensions of life, cannot be achieved from a univocal pretension of meaning. Analogy permits, especially at the rhetoric level of Political Philosophy, an adequate interpretation of such complex concepts as people, state or rights. A semantics of these concepts by similarity allows us to advance in the process towards a better interpretation of the other interlocutor’s expression though never reaching identity.
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Kita, Sotaro. "Japanese Enter/Exit Verbs Without Motion Semantics". Studies in Language 23, nr 2 (12.11.1999): 307–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/sl.23.2.04kit.
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The semantics of English and Japanese Enter/Exit verbs is compared. It is argued that the temporal schema encoded in the Japanese verbs hairu 'enter' and deru 'exit' is discrete change of state. For example, hairu encodes at one point in time, something is not inside, and at a later point in time the thing is inside. Unlike the English equivalents {enter, exit, go into, and go out of), there is no semantic commitment as to what happens in transition between the two states. The implications of this cross-linguistic difference on previous theories of semantics of spatial expressions are discussed.
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Hasan, Nazia, Manish Kumar Pandey, Shagufta N. Ansari i Venoo Raj Purohit. "An Analysis of English Communication Skills". World Journal of English Language 12, nr 3 (7.04.2022): 194. http://dx.doi.org/10.5430/wjel.v12n3p194.
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Communications is the act of conveying information from one place, individual, or organisation to others. Any communications involves a transmitter, an information, and a receiver. Although this might seem to be a simple notion, communications is really a very complex subject. The message's path from source to destinations might be influenced by a multitude of circumstances. Our feelings, our cultural background, the communication channel we use, and even our physical location are all aspects to consider. This study discusses the overview of English communication skills, Types of English languages used worldwide, Different category of English communication skills, 7 C’s of effective English communication, importance of English communication and semantics barriers in English communication skills. To make engagement meaningful and to make oneself known, two-way communications inspire, informs, proposes, cautions, commands, changes behavior, and establishes better connections. When a communicator is knowledgeable enough to speak skillfully, simply, clearly, truthfully, and dynamically, communications become successful. This study will help the reader to understand the importance of English communication skills.
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Finta, Lucian, i Zhen Liu. "Complexity of Task Graph Scheduling with Fixed Communication Capacity". International Journal of Foundations of Computer Science 08, nr 01 (marzec 1997): 43–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s0129054197000045.
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Consider a scheduling problem of parallel computations in multiprocessor systems. Let a parallel program be modeled by a task graph, where vertices represent tasks and arcs the communications between tasks. An interprocessor communication time incurs when two tasks assigned to two different processors have to communicate. Such a scheduling problem has recently been studied in the literature, mostly for the case where interprocessor communication times are fully determined. In this paper, we consider the scheduling problem with communication resource constraints. More specifically, we consider the case where all interprocessor communications take place on a network of bounded capacity. We consider two variants of the problem: communications with independent-data semantics and common-data semantics. We show that even for very specific subproblems, viz. scheduling of general graphs on two processors and scheduling of binary trees on an infinite number of processors, the minimization of the makespan of parallel programs in such a multiprocessor system is strongly [Formula: see text]-hard. We first establish the results for the case of capacity 1, referred to as the single-bus system. We then extend the results to the more general case of fixed communication capacities. As a consequence, the general scheduling problem of parallel programs with communication resource constraints is strongly [Formula: see text]-hard. These results are to be contrasted with the corresponding scheduling problems without contraint on the communication capacity, where the two-processor case has unknown time complexity and the infinite-processor case is polynomial. Our results are also extended to the case of broadcasting communications, and can be applied to multiprocessor systems with shared memory.
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Kiklewicz, Aleksander. "Od znaczenia do konceptu: pragmatyczno-kulturowe aspekty specyfikacji semantycznej." Poradnik Językowy 2020, nr 7/2020(776) (9.09.2020): 50–61. http://dx.doi.org/10.33896/porj.2020.7.4.
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The author discusses theoretical issues of functional semantics, especially such directions of the contemporary anthropological linguistics as ethnosemantics and cognitive semantics. The diversification of the content of a lexical meaning under the influence of external, mainly pragmatic and cultural, factors is the primary object of interest here. Therefore, the author considers the degree of semantic specification of lexical units at various levels of interpersonal communication: both general and subcultural. As assumed by the contemporary cultural linguistics, a concept is considered to be a category of representation of knowledge encoded in language signs. The author gives arguments in favour of the view that the opposition of the (lexical, general) meaning and concept is gradual and concerns the scope of semantic information encoded in the sign in accordance with adaptive requirements.
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Zhang, Bing Chen, Wei Min Guo i Yan Qun Wang. "Research on the Semantics Encoding of Interior System of Railway Passenger Car". Applied Mechanics and Materials 52-54 (marzec 2011): 144–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.52-54.144.
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The development of interior design is an important aspect of improving the quality of railway transportation services. Product semantics not only pay attention to the physiology function, but also go deep into psychology function. The core of semantics communication is encoding rule. It would ensure the two basic processes that encoding and decoding go smoothly in semantics communication. Thus it would improve the interior system design of the railway passenger cars effectively that paying attention to the characteristics of encoding rules.
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Yan, Liang, Lei Li, Xuejiao Mu, Hao Wang, Xian Chen i Hyoseop Shin. "Differential Privacy Preservation for Location Semantics". Sensors 23, nr 4 (13.02.2023): 2121. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s23042121.
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With the rapid development of intelligent mobile terminals and communication technologies, location-based services (LBSs) have become an essential part of users’ lives. LBS providers upload and share the collected users’ location data. The more commonly used methods for location privacy protection are differential privacy and its extensions. However, the semantic information about location, which is an integral part of the location data, often contains sensitive user information. Most existing research methods have failed to pay enough attention to protecting the semantic information in the location data. To remedy this problem, two different scenarios for location semantic privacy protection methods are proposed in this paper to address single-point and continuous location queries. Simulation experiments on real social location check-in datasets, and comparison of three different privacy protection mechanisms, show that our solution demonstrates good service quality and privacy protection considering location semantics.
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Amirbekova, A. "THE VALENCE PROPERTY OF NEOLOGISMS IN KAZAKH LANGUAGE". BULLETIN Series of Philological Sciences 73, nr 3 (15.07.2020): 14–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51889/2020-3.1728-7804.02.
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The article deals with the concept of valency as a phenomenon lying at the confluence of syntax and lexical semantics. The paper also represents types of valency, directions in which the theory of valency is considered. Valency in the broad sense of the word refers to the capacity of a language unit to enter into communication with other units of a particular order. Objectivity and scientific and practical significance of the theory of valency is determined by the lexical-semantic potential of the word. Semantic valency is based on the logical semes of the word semantics. These semes are consistent with the logical semes of the another word meanings, as a result, the given word demonstrates the combining capability with another word. This is considered to be its semantic valency. We have attempted to identify and investigate a peculiar kind of valency in the Kazakh language.