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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Sea squirt"

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Jiang, Di. "Sea squirt invaders". Science 373, nr 6554 (29.07.2021): 530.5–531. http://dx.doi.org/10.1126/science.373.6554.530-e.

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Baxter, Catherine. "Sea squirt genome released". Nature Reviews Genetics 4, nr 2 (luty 2003): 82. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/nrg1003.

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Burton, Adrian. "Sea squirt assaults sarcomas". Lancet Oncology 3, nr 11 (listopad 2002): 648. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(02)00914-2.

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Park, Shin Young, Yeoun Joong Jung, Ji Young Kwon, Seh Eun Kim, Myeong-In Jeong i Sang-Do Ha. "Application of high hydrostatic pressure for the inactivation of norovirus and quality stability in fresh sea squirt (Halocynthia roretzi)". Food Science and Technology International 25, nr 7 (9.05.2019): 573–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1082013219842439.

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Sea squirt ( Halocynthia roretzi) is considered a potential cause of human norovirus in Korea. This study investigated the effect of high hydrostatic pressure at 100–500 MPa for 5 min at room temperature (23 ± 2 ℃) on the inactivation of murine norovirus-1 (initial inoculum of 6–7 log10 plaque forming units/ml) as a human norovirus surrogate in fresh sea squirt. The effects of high hydrostatic pressure on the Hunter colors and pH were also examined as the main indices of quality. No reductions in murine norovirus-1 titers were observed in sea squirt treated at 100–400 MPa. However, murine norovirus-1 in sea squirt was completely inactivated by 500 MPa of high hydrostatic pressure. Furthermore, the Hunter colors (“L,” “a,” and “b”) and pH values (6.10–6.19) were not significantly ( P > 0.05) different between non-high hydrostatic pressure-treated sea squirts and all high hydrostatic pressure-treated sea squirts. Therefore, 500 MPa of high hydrostatic pressure at room temperature may be an optimal treatment for Tunicata meat without altering the food quality (color and pH).
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Christiaen, L., E. Wagner, W. Shi i M. Levine. "The Sea Squirt Ciona intestinalis". Cold Spring Harbor Protocols 2009, nr 12 (1.12.2009): pdb.emo138. http://dx.doi.org/10.1101/pdb.emo138.

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Bradbury, Jane. "Sea-squirt anticancer drug shows promise". Lancet Oncology 2, nr 9 (wrzesień 2001): 526. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/s1470-2045(01)00474-0.

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Kim, Poong Ho, Min Ji Kim, Ji Hye Kim, Ji Sun Lee, Ki Hyun Kim, Hyeon Jeong Kim, You-Jin Jeon, Min Soo Heu i Jin-Soo Kim. "Nutritional and Physiologically Active Characterizations of the Sea Squirt Halocynthia roretzi Sikhae and the Seasoned Sea Squirt". Korean Journal of Fisheries and Aquatic Sciences 47, nr 1 (28.02.2014): 1–11. http://dx.doi.org/10.5657/kfas.2014.0001.

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Jiang, Liang, Qiong Liu i Jiazuan Ni. "In silico identification of the sea squirt selenoproteome". BMC Genomics 11, nr 1 (2010): 289. http://dx.doi.org/10.1186/1471-2164-11-289.

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Holland, P. "Molecular phylogeny: My sister is a sea squirt?" Heredity 96, nr 6 (3.05.2006): 424–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.hdy.6800834.

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Segawa, K., K. Ono, S. Oka, T. Jyo, A. Kuroiwa i U. Yamashita. "B Cell Mitogenic Activity of Sea Squirt Antigen". International Archives of Allergy and Immunology 104, nr 3 (1994): 270–76. http://dx.doi.org/10.1159/000236676.

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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Sea squirt"

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Davis, Rohan Andrew, i davis_rohan@hotmail com. "Chemical Investigations of Great Barrier Reef Ascidians - Natural Product and Synthetic Studies". Griffith University. School of Science, 2000. http://www4.gu.edu.au:8080/adt-root/public/adt-QGU20030102.104858.

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This thesis describes the chemical investigations of several ascidian species collected from the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia. The thesis is divided into two separate components, Part A focuses on the isolation and structure elucidation of 11 previously undescribed ascidian metabolites. All structures were assigned using a combination of spectroscopic and/or chemical methods. Part B relates to the isolation and chemical conversion of a natural product to a combinatorial template. The natural product template was subsequently used in the generation of a solution-phase combinatorial chemistry library. A further two combinatorial libraries were generated from a synthesised model compound that was related to the natural product template. Part A. Investigation of Aplidium longithorax collected from the Swains Reefs resulted in the isolation of two new para-substituted cyclofarnesylated quinone derived compounds, longithorones J (30) and K (31). The former compound had its absolute stereochemistry determined by the advanced Mosher method. From an Aplidium longithorax collected from Heron Island, two new cyclofarnesylated hydroquinone compounds, longithorols C (46) and D (47) and a novel macrocyclic chromenol, longithorol E (48) were isolated. Longithorol C (46) had its absolute stereochemistry determined by the advanced Mosher method. Chemical investigation of the deep-purple colonial ascidian, Didemnum chartaceum collected from Swains Reefs led to the isolation of five new lamellarin alkaloids, which included the 20-sulfated derivatives of lamellarins B (94), C (95) and L (96), the 8-sulfated derivative of lamellarin G (97) and the non-sulfated compound, lamellarin Z (98). The known lamellarins A (63), B (80), C (64), E (65), G (67), and L (71) plus the triacetate derivatives of lamellarin D (82) and N (83) were also isolated. An aberration in the integration of signals in the 1H NMR spectra of the 20-sulfated derivatives (94-96) led to NMR relaxation studies. T1 values were calculated for all protons in the sulfated lamellarins (94-97) and their corresponding non-sulfated derivatives (80, 64, 71, 67). The protons ortho to the sulfate group in compounds (94-97) had T1 values up to five times larger than the corresponding protons in their non-sulfated derivatives (80, 64, 71, 67). A specimen of Eudistoma anaematum collected from Heron Island was shown to contain a new b-carboline alkaloid, eudistomin V (130), in addition to the two known metabolites, eudistomin H (105) and I (106). Part B. The known natural products, 1,3-diphenethylurea (29), 1,3-dimethylxanthine (30), 1,3-dimethylisoguanine (31) and the salts of tambjamine C (16), E (18) and F (19) were isolated from the ascidian, Sigillina signifera collected in Blue Lagoon, Lizard Island. Base hydrolysis on mixtures of the salts of tambjamine C (16), E (18) and F (19) resulted in the production of 4-methoxy-2,2-bipyrrole-5-carbaldehyde (26). This natural product template (26) was used in the generation of an enamine combinatorial chemistry library (98, 103-111) using solution-phase parallel synthesis. The biaryl compound, 4-(2-thienyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (59) was successfully synthesised using Suzuki-Miyaura coupling conditions and subsequently used as a template in the generation of an amine (67, 77, 80-87) and imine (78, 92-95) combinatorial library using solution-phase parallel synthesis.
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Davis, Rohan. "Chemical Investigations of Great Barrier Reef Ascidians - Natural Product and Synthetic Studies". Thesis, Griffith University, 2000. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/366561.

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This thesis describes the chemical investigations of several ascidian species collected from the Great Barrier Reef, Queensland, Australia. The thesis is divided into two separate components, Part A focuses on the isolation and structure elucidation of 11 previously undescribed ascidian metabolites. All structures were assigned using a combination of spectroscopic and/or chemical methods. Part B relates to the isolation and chemical conversion of a natural product to a combinatorial template. The natural product template was subsequently used in the generation of a solution-phase combinatorial chemistry library. A further two combinatorial libraries were generated from a synthesised model compound that was related to the natural product template. Part A. Investigation of Aplidium longithorax collected from the Swains Reefs resulted in the isolation of two new para-substituted cyclofarnesylated quinone derived compounds, longithorones J (30) and K (31). The former compound had its absolute stereochemistry determined by the advanced Mosher method. From an Aplidium longithorax collected from Heron Island, two new cyclofarnesylated hydroquinone compounds, longithorols C (46) and D (47) and a novel macrocyclic chromenol, longithorol E (48) were isolated. Longithorol C (46) had its absolute stereochemistry determined by the advanced Mosher method. Chemical investigation of the deep-purple colonial ascidian, Didemnum chartaceum collected from Swains Reefs led to the isolation of five new lamellarin alkaloids, which included the 20-sulfated derivatives of lamellarins B (94), C (95) and L (96), the 8-sulfated derivative of lamellarin G (97) and the non-sulfated compound, lamellarin Z (98). The known lamellarins A (63), B (80), C (64), E (65), G (67), and L (71) plus the triacetate derivatives of lamellarin D (82) and N (83) were also isolated. An aberration in the integration of signals in the 1H NMR spectra of the 20-sulfated derivatives (94-96) led to NMR relaxation studies. T1 values were calculated for all protons in the sulfated lamellarins (94-97) and their corresponding non-sulfated derivatives (80, 64, 71, 67). The protons ortho to the sulfate group in compounds (94-97) had T1 values up to five times larger than the corresponding protons in their non-sulfated derivatives (80, 64, 71, 67). A specimen of Eudistoma anaematum collected from Heron Island was shown to contain a new b-carboline alkaloid, eudistomin V (130), in addition to the two known metabolites, eudistomin H (105) and I (106). Part B. The known natural products, 1,3-diphenethylurea (29), 1,3-dimethylxanthine (30), 1,3-dimethylisoguanine (31) and the salts of tambjamine C (16), E (18) and F (19) were isolated from the ascidian, Sigillina signifera collected in Blue Lagoon, Lizard Island. Base hydrolysis on mixtures of the salts of tambjamine C (16), E (18) and F (19) resulted in the production of 4-methoxy-2,2-bipyrrole-5-carbaldehyde (26). This natural product template (26) was used in the generation of an enamine combinatorial chemistry library (98, 103-111) using solution-phase parallel synthesis. The biaryl compound, 4-(2-thienyl)-1H-pyrrole-2-carbaldehyde (59) was successfully synthesised using Suzuki-Miyaura coupling conditions and subsequently used as a template in the generation of an amine (67, 77, 80-87) and imine (78, 92-95) combinatorial library using solution-phase parallel synthesis.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Science
Full Text
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Johnson, Sheri L. "Mating System Dynamics in a Free-Spawning Colonial Ascidian". Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/JohnsonSL2007.pdf.

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Sumerel, Andrew N. "Flume study of particle-size-dependent filtration rates of a solitary ascidian the influence of body size, flow speed, and drag /". View electronic thesis (PDF), 2009. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2009-3/sumerela/andrewsumerel.pdf.

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Lotufo, Tito Monteiro da Cruz. "Ascidiacea (Chordata:Tunicata) do litoral tropical brasileiro". Connect to this title online, 2002. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/41/41133/tde-21052002-125049/.

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Green, Kathryn Margaret. "Morphological changes during normal and pertubed metamorphosis of the ascidian herdmania curvata /". St. Lucia, Qld, 2001. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe16468.pdf.

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Stoner, Douglas Steven. "Life History and Populationi Biology of the Colonial Ascidian Diplosoma Similis". Thesis, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, 1989. http://hdl.handle.net/10125/18144.

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This dissertation examines two issues related to the ecological and evolutionary consequences of sexual and asexual reproduction in colonial marine invertebrates. The first two chapters explore the extent to which the planktonic larval phase limits the distribution and abundance of a colonial ascidian, Oiplosoma similis. The third chapter examines some of the fitness consequences of alterations in the pattern of asexual reproduction by colony fragmention in similis. All research was carried out on the fringing coral reef surrounding Coconut Island which is located in Kaneohe Bay, Oahu, Hawaii.
Typescript. Thesis (Ph. D.)--University of Hawaii at Manoa, 1989. Includes bibliographical references.
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Nor, Siti Mariam Mohd. "Synthesis and metal binding of cyclic peptides from sea squirts". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.438273.

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Swallow, Michael Andrew Carleton University Dissertation Biology. "Determination and differentiation of muscle cells in the tadpole larva of the Ascidian Boltenia Villosa". Ottawa, 1992.

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Odate, Shobu. "The role of vanadium as a chemical defense of the solitary tunicate, Phallusia nigra /". Electronic version (PDF), 2003. http://dl.uncw.edu/etd/2003/odates/shobuodate.html.

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Książki na temat "Sea squirt"

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What on earth is a sea squirt. Woodbridge, Conn: Blackbirch Press, 1994.

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Of love, death, and the sea-squirt. Newcastle upon Tyne [England]: Bloodaxe Books, 2000.

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Kühne, Stephan. Solitäre Ascidien in der Potter Cove (King George Island, Antarktis): Ihre ökologische Bedeutung und Populationsdynamik = Solitary Ascidians in the Potter Cove (King George Island, Antarctica) : their ecological role and population dynamics. Bremerhaven: Alfred-Wegener-Institut für Polar- und Meeresforschung, 1997.

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Monniot, Claude. Les Ascidies de Polynésie française. Paris: Editions du Muséum, 1987.

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Groepler, Wolfgang. Die Seescheiden von Helgoland: Biologie und Bestimmung der Ascidien. Hohenwarsleben: Westarp Wissenschaften, 2012.

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Ignell, Steve. Observations on high-seas squid gill-net fisheries, North Pacific Ocean, 1985. Auke Bay, Alaska: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, Auke Bay Laboratory, 1986.

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Ignell, Steve. Observations on high-seas squid gill-net fisheries, North Pacific Ocean, 1985. Auke Bay, Alaska: National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration, National Marine Fisheries Service, Northwest and Alaska Fisheries Center, Auke Bay Laboratory, 1986.

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Developmental biology of ascidians. Cambridge [England]: Cambridge University Press, 1994.

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illustrator, Blecha Aaron, red. Shark school: Deep-sea treasury. New York: Aladdin, 2015.

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Monniot, Claude. Coral reef ascidians of New Caledonia. Paris: Éditions de l'ORSTOM, Institut français de recherche scientifique pour le développement en coopération, 1991.

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Części książek na temat "Sea squirt"

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Watters, Dianne J., Clifford J. Hawkins i Martin F. Lavin. "Toxins from Sea-Squirts". W Toxins and Targets, 35–47. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9781315076911-5.

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Brant, Clare. "The Sentience of Sea Squirts". W Palgrave Studies in Life Writing, 123–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-77973-3_5.

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Mouritsen, Ole G., i Klavs Styrbæk. "Strange Beings from the Depths of the Sea". W Octopuses, Squid & Cuttlefish, 5–16. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58027-8_2.

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Jung, Sung-Ju, Myung-Joo Oh, Tashuya Date i Satoru Suzuki. "Isolation of Marine Birnavirus from Sea Squirts Halocynthia roretzi". W The Biology of Ascidians, 436–41. Tokyo: Springer Japan, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-4-431-66982-1_64.

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Tripathi, Sayan, Jhilam Jana i Jaydeb Bhaumik. "Design of Power Efficient SEC Orthogonal Latin Square (OLS) Codes". W Proceedings of the International Conference on Computing and Communication Systems, 593–600. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-33-4084-8_57.

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Liu, Fang, Daiyuan Peng, Xiaohu Tang i Xianhua Niu. "On the Autocorrelation and the Linear Complexity of q-Ary Prime n-Square Sequences". W Sequences and Their Applications – SETA 2010, 139–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15874-2_11.

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Granata, A., G. Brancato, O. Sidoti i L. Guglielmo. "Energy Flux in the South Tyrrhenian Deep-sea Ecosystem: Role of Mesopelagic Fishes and Squids". W Mediterranean Ecosystems, 197–207. Milano: Springer Milan, 2001. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-88-470-2105-1_25.

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Young, Richard E., i Clyde F. E. Roper. "The Batoteuthidae, a New Family of Squid (Cephalopoda; Oegopsida) from Antarctic Waters". W Biology of the Antarctic Seas III, 185–202. Washington, D. C.: American Geophysical Union, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1029/ar011p0185.

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Chevez, Agustin. "Step One". W The Pilgrim’s Guide to the Workplace, 39–40. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-4759-9_12.

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AbstractI am both surprised and grateful to see that a handful of friends came to the city for a send-off. It’s dark and we make efforts to recognise each other’s silhouettes in the blackness, eventually realising that it’s too early and cold for anyone besides us to be in the square on such a crisp Sunday morning.
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Miranda, I., P. A. Peres, M. D. S. Tavares i F. L. Mantelatto. "New Molecular Data on Squat Lobster from the Coast of São Paulo State (Brazil) (Anomura: Munida and Agononida) and Insights on the Systematics of the Family Munididae". W Deep-Sea Pycnogonids and Crustaceans of the Americas, 343–56. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-58410-8_14.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Sea squirt"

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Li, Y., Y. R. Zhang, X. Li, Z. D. Bian i S. Y. He. "Squint SAR imaging of complex targets on the sea". W 2018 International Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Symposium - China (ACES). IEEE, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.23919/acess.2018.8669227.

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Перерайс, Р., i R. Pererays. "SEA-PORT CONSTRUCTION IMPACT ON LIMAN NATURE ALONG THE BLACK SEA COASTAL ENVIRONMENT". W Sea Coasts – Evolution ecology, economy. Academus Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.31519/conferencearticle_5b5ce3b99793c8.27322405.

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Construction of sea-ports in limanic aquathory along the Northern Black Sea coast have prefer impact on the coastal environment. Especially deep impact have liman bottom artificial deepening, liman slopes artificial reconstruction, navigate canals, jetties of different sizes, ground dumps etc. Typical examples are Odessa, Ill'ichevsk, Yuzhniy commercial sea-ports in northern sector of the Black Sea. On shores nearest Port Yuzhniy jetties was firstly employed new construction against sea wave erosion. This new artificial shore terrace, that consist of natural matherials, expressed as shore protection, purification of sea water, needless ground depot, new shore territory and squire for recreants simultaneous.
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Dvorkin, Jack, Gary Mavko i Amos Nur. "Squirt flow in fully saturated rocks". W SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1993. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1993. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1822622.

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Chapman, Mark, Sonja Maultzsch i Enru Liu. "Some estimates of the squirt‐flow frequency". W SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2003. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2003. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1817521.

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Seiradakis, John H. "The Antikythera Mechanism: From the bottom of the sea to the scrutiny of modern technology". W From Antikythera to the Square Kilometre Array: Lessons from the Ancients. Trieste, Italy: Sissa Medialab, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.22323/1.170.0007.

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Leurer, Klaus C., i Jack Dvorkin. "Intergranular squirt flow in unconsolidated sediment: Viscous cement model". W SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1998. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1998. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1820059.

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Bahri, Nesrine, Asma Atig, Ridha Ben Abdennour, Fabrice Druaux i Dimitri Lefebvre. "Emulation of multivariable non square and nonlinear systems". W 14th International Conference on Sciences and Techniques of Automatic Control and Computer Engineering (STA2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/sta.2013.6783153.

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Alkhimenkov, Yury, Eva Caspari, Nicolás D. Barbosa, Stanislav Glubokovskikh, Boris Gurevich i Beatriz Quintal. "Numerical study of dispersion and attenuation caused by squirt flow". W SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2019. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2019-3201912.1.

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Dvorkin, Jack, i Amos Nur. "Dynamic porelasticity: A unified theory with the Squirt and Biot mechanisms". W SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 1992. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 1992. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/1.1822168.

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Subramaniyan*, Shankar, Claudio Madonna, Beatriz Quintal i Erik H. Saenger. "Laboratory-based seismic attenuation in Fontainebleau sandstone: Evidence of squirt flow". W SEG Technical Program Expanded Abstracts 2015. Society of Exploration Geophysicists, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.1190/segam2015-5860511.1.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Sea squirt"

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Bryant, Duncan, i Leigh Provost. Walter Marine and Atlantic Reefmaker Wave Attenuator : wave transmission testing results. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), luty 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/43303.

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As part of a testing service agreement with Walter Marine and Atlantic Reefmaker, a 1:5.2 physical model of the Reefmaker Wave Attenuator was constructed and tested by the US Army Engineer Research and Development Center to evaluate its influence on wave attenuation. The tested prototype wave periods ranged from 2.5 to 8 sec with prototype wave heights between 1 ft and 6.5 ft. The Reefmaker Wave Attenuator included orthogonal and square designs and was tested under a variety of configurations including a suspended configuration, a bed-mounted configuration, and a rotated configuration. Testing demonstrated that depending on configurations and wavelength, the wave transmission coefficients ranged from 0.29 to 0.70. The most improvement, however, was demonstrated when testing the square unit designs with transmission coefficients, kt, below 0.51. The smallest kt of 0.29 occurred during square unit testing, which consisted of eight bed-mounted, square Ecosystem disks plus a base unit (24.05 in. freeboard) and with a wave period of 3.0 sec and height of 0.84 ft. Of all 134 tests performed, including the suspended case, the average transmission through the structure was 58%.
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Ellison, Chad M., Matthew Perricone, Kevin M. Faraone, Robert Allen Roach i Jerome T. Norris. Evaluation of weld porosity in laser beam seam welds: optimizing continuous wave and square wave modulated processes. Office of Scientific and Technical Information (OSTI), luty 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.2172/902878.

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Francesco, Petruccione,, Gastrow, Michael, Hadzic, Senka, Limpitlaw, Justine, Paul, Babu Sena, Wolhuter, Riaan i Kies, Carl. Evaluation of Alternative Telecommunication Technologies for the Karoo Central Astronomy Advantage Area. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2021/0073.

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The National Research Foundation (NRF) requested the Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), on behalf of South African Radio Astronomy Observatory (SARAO) and the Square Kilometre Array (SKA), to undertake an independent and objective evaluation of potential alternative telecommunication technologies for the areas of the Karoo Central Astronomy Advantage Areas (KCAAA). The study encompasses regulatory, public sphere, and technical dimensions to explore options for maintaining the functionality of the telescope while, at the same time, delivering appropriate connectivity solutions for local communities.The objectives of this study are as follows: 1) Assess the technologies currently being, or planning to be, deployed through existing alternative communications programs managed by SARAO, including whether these technologies are comparable with market available technologies that could feasibly be deployed in the KCAAA; and 2) Assessment of current and future telecommunication technologies that may act as suitable replacement and/or improvement (functional and feasible) for existing detrimental technologies, utilised in the KCAAA. This report provides a critical background into the relationship between the SKA and local communities as it relates to ICTs in the area. Based on this understanding, potential technology solutions are proposed to ensure residents of the KCAAA are still afforded valuable access to information and communication technologies (ICTs) within the parameters of affordability, desirability and feasibility.
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Collins, Clarence O., i Tyler J. Hesser. altWIZ : A System for Satellite Radar Altimeter Evaluation of Modeled Wave Heights. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), luty 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/39699.

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This Coastal and Hydraulics Engineering Technical Note (CHETN) describes the design and implementation of a wave model evaluation system, altWIZ, which uses wave height observations from operational satellite radar altimeters. The altWIZ system utilizes two recently released altimeter databases: Ribal and Young (2019) and European Space Agency Sea State Climate Change Initiative v.1.1 level 2 (Dodet et al. 2020). The system facilitates model evaluation against 1 Hz1 altimeter data or a product created by averaging altimeter data in space and time around model grid points. The system allows, for the first time, quantitative analysis of spatial model errors within the U.S. Army Corps of Engineers (USACE) Wave Information Study (WIS) 30+ year hindcast for coastal United States. The system is demonstrated on the WIS 2017 Atlantic hindcast, using a 1/2° basin scale grid and a 1/4° regional grid of the East Coast. Consistent spatial patterns of increased bias and root-mean-square-error are exposed. Seasonal strengthening and weakening of these spatial patterns are found, related to the seasonal variation of wave energy. Some model errors correspond to areas known for high currents, and thus wave-current interaction. In conjunction with the model comparison, additional functions for pairing altimeter measurements with buoy data and storm tracks have been built. Appendices give information on the code access (Appendix I), organization and files (Appendix II), example usage (Appendix III), and demonstrating options (Appendix IV).
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Hajarizadeh, Behzad, Jennifer MacLachlan, Benjamin Cowie i Gregory J. Dore. Population-level interventions to improve the health outcomes of people living with hepatitis B: an Evidence Check brokered by the Sax Institute for the NSW Ministry of Health, 2022. The Sax Institute, sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.57022/pxwj3682.

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Background An estimated 292 million people are living with chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection globally, including 223,000 people in Australia. HBV diagnosis and linkage of people living with HBV to clinical care is suboptimal in Australia, with 27% of people living with HBV undiagnosed and 77% not receiving regular HBV clinical care. This systematic review aimed to characterize population-level interventions implemented to enhance all components of HBV care cascade and analyse the effectiveness of interventions. Review questions Question 1: What population-level interventions, programs or policy approaches have been shown to be effective in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B; and that may not yet be fully rolled out or evaluated in Australia demonstrate early effectiveness, or promise, in reducing the incidence of hepatitis B? Question 2: What population-level interventions and/or programs are effective at reducing disease burden for people in the community with hepatitis B? Methods Four bibliographic databases and 21 grey literature sources were searched. Studies were eligible for inclusion if the study population included people with or at risk of chronic HBV, and the study conducted a population-level interventions to decrease HBV incidence or disease burden or to enhance any components of HBV care cascade (i.e., diagnosis, linkage to care, treatment initiation, adherence to clinical care), or HBV vaccination coverage. Studies published in the past 10 years (since January 2012), with or without comparison groups were eligible for inclusion. Studies conducting an HBV screening intervention were eligible if they reported proportion of people participating in screening, proportion of newly diagnosed HBV (participant was unaware of their HBV status), proportion of people received HBV vaccination following screening, or proportion of participants diagnosed with chronic HBV infection who were linked to HBV clinical care. Studies were excluded if study population was less than 20 participants, intervention included a pharmaceutical intervention or a hospital-based intervention, or study was implemented in limited clinical services. The records were initially screened by title and abstract. The full texts of potentially eligible records were reviewed, and eligible studies were selected for inclusion. For each study included in analysis, the study outcome and corresponding 95% confidence intervals (95%CIs) were calculated. For studies including a comparison group, odds ratio (OR) and corresponding 95%CIs were calculated. Random effect meta-analysis models were used to calculate the pooled study outcome estimates. Stratified analyses were conducted by study setting, study population, and intervention-specific characteristics. Key findings A total of 61 studies were included in the analysis. A large majority of studies (study n=48, 79%) included single-arm studies with no concurrent control, with seven (12%) randomised controlled trials, and six (10%) non-randomised controlled studies. A total of 109 interventions were evaluated in 61 included studies. On-site or outreach HBV screening and linkage to HBV clinical care coordination were the most frequent interventions, conducted in 27 and 26 studies, respectively. Question 1 We found no studies reporting HBV incidence as the study outcome. One study conducted in remote area demonstrated that an intervention including education of pregnant women and training village health volunteers enhanced coverage of HBV birth dose vaccination (93% post-intervention, vs. 81% pre-intervention), but no data of HBV incidence among infants were reported. Question 2 Study outcomes most relevant to the HBV burden for people in the community with HBV included, HBV diagnosis, linkage to HBV care, and HBV vaccination coverage. Among randomised controlled trials aimed at enhancing HBV screening, a meta-analysis was conducted including three studies which implemented an intervention including community face-to-face education focused on HBV and/or liver cancer among migrants from high HBV prevalence areas. This analysis demonstrated a significantly higher HBV testing uptake in intervention groups with the likelihood of HBV testing 3.6 times higher among those participating in education programs compared to the control groups (OR: 3.62, 95% CI 2.72, 4.88). In another analysis, including 25 studies evaluating an intervention to enhance HBV screening, a pooled estimate of 66% of participants received HBV testing following the study intervention (95%CI: 58-75%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 17-98%; I-square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV screening strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing participants with on-site HBV testing, the proportion receiving HBV testing (80%, 95%CI: 72-87%) was significantly higher compared to the studies referring participants to an external site for HBV testing (54%, 95%CI: 37-71%). In the studies implementing an intervention to enhance linkage of people diagnosed with HBV infection to clinical care, the interventions included different components and varied across studies. The most common component was post-test counselling followed by assistance with scheduling clinical appointments, conducted in 52% and 38% of the studies, respectively. In meta-analysis, a pooled estimate of 73% of people with HBV infection were linked to HBV clinical care (95%CI: 64-81%), with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 28-100%; I-square: 99.2%). A stratified analysis by study population demonstrated that in the studies among general population in high prevalence countries, 94% of people (95%CI: 88-100%) who received the study intervention were linked to care, significantly higher than 72% (95%CI: 61-83%) in studies among migrants from high prevalence area living in a country with low prevalence. In 19 studies, HBV vaccination uptake was assessed after an intervention, among which one study assessed birth dose vaccination among infants, one study assessed vaccination in elementary school children and 17 studies assessed vaccination in adults. Among studies assessing adult vaccination, a pooled estimate of 38% (95%CI: 21-56%) of people initiated vaccination, with high heterogeneity across studies (range: 0.5-93%; I square: 99.9%). A stratified analysis by HBV vaccination strategy demonstrated that in the studies providing on-site vaccination, the uptake was 78% (95%CI: 62-94%), significantly higher compared to 27% (95%CI: 13-42%) in studies referring participants to an external site for vaccination. Conclusion This systematic review identified a wide variety of interventions, mostly multi-component interventions, to enhance HBV screening, linkage to HBV clinical care, and HBV vaccination coverage. High heterogeneity was observed in effectiveness of interventions in all three domains of screening, linkage to care, and vaccination. Strategies identified to boost the effectiveness of interventions included providing on-site HBV testing and vaccination (versus referral for testing and vaccination) and including community education focussed on HBV or liver cancer in an HBV screening program. Further studies are needed to evaluate the effectiveness of more novel interventions (e.g., point of care testing) and interventions specifically including Indigenous populations, people who inject drugs, men who have sex with men, and people incarcerated.
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OVERHANG EFFECT ON WEB CRIPPLING CAPACITY OF COLDFORMED AUSTENITIC STAINLESS STEEL SHS MEMBERS: AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY. The Hong Kong Institute of Steel Construction, sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.18057/icass2020.p.343.

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This paper studies the overhang effects on ultimate bearing capacities of cold-formed austenitic stainless steel square hollow section (SHS) members undergoing web crippling between EndTwo-Flange (ETF) and Interior-Two-Flange (ITF) loading conditions. A total of 16 web crippling tests were conducted with specimens covering various overhang lengths. Tensile coupon tests were performed to obtain the material properties of the test specimens. The web crippling capacities obtained from the tests were compared with the nominal capacities predicted by the SEI/ASCE 8-22 Specification for the design of cold-formed stainless steel structural members. It is shown that the SEI/ASCE 8-22 Specification leads to overly conservative web crippling capacity predictions for the tubular specimens with overhangs. The applicability of the overhang effect enhancement factor codified in the AISI S100- 16 Specification to the studied stainless steel specimens was evaluated. It is revealed that the accuracy and consistency of the web crippling capacity predictions can be enhanced by employing the enhancement factor codified in the AISI S100-16 Specification, yet such a treatment still leads to rather scatter predictions and can lead to unconservative capacity estimations. An extended investigation is currently underway to propose improved design rules for cold-formed stainless steel tubular members with overhangs under ETF loading condition.
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African Open Science Platform Part 1: Landscape Study. Academy of Science of South Africa (ASSAf), 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.17159/assaf.2019/0047.

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This report maps the African landscape of Open Science – with a focus on Open Data as a sub-set of Open Science. Data to inform the landscape study were collected through a variety of methods, including surveys, desk research, engagement with a community of practice, networking with stakeholders, participation in conferences, case study presentations, and workshops hosted. Although the majority of African countries (35 of 54) demonstrates commitment to science through its investment in research and development (R&D), academies of science, ministries of science and technology, policies, recognition of research, and participation in the Science Granting Councils Initiative (SGCI), the following countries demonstrate the highest commitment and political willingness to invest in science: Botswana, Ethiopia, Kenya, Senegal, South Africa, Tanzania, and Uganda. In addition to existing policies in Science, Technology and Innovation (STI), the following countries have made progress towards Open Data policies: Botswana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mauritius, South Africa and Uganda. Only two African countries (Kenya and South Africa) at this stage contribute 0.8% of its GDP (Gross Domestic Product) to R&D (Research and Development), which is the closest to the AU’s (African Union’s) suggested 1%. Countries such as Lesotho and Madagascar ranked as 0%, while the R&D expenditure for 24 African countries is unknown. In addition to this, science globally has become fully dependent on stable ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) infrastructure, which includes connectivity/bandwidth, high performance computing facilities and data services. This is especially applicable since countries globally are finding themselves in the midst of the 4th Industrial Revolution (4IR), which is not only “about” data, but which “is” data. According to an article1 by Alan Marcus (2015) (Senior Director, Head of Information Technology and Telecommunications Industries, World Economic Forum), “At its core, data represents a post-industrial opportunity. Its uses have unprecedented complexity, velocity and global reach. As digital communications become ubiquitous, data will rule in a world where nearly everyone and everything is connected in real time. That will require a highly reliable, secure and available infrastructure at its core, and innovation at the edge.” Every industry is affected as part of this revolution – also science. An important component of the digital transformation is “trust” – people must be able to trust that governments and all other industries (including the science sector), adequately handle and protect their data. This requires accountability on a global level, and digital industries must embrace the change and go for a higher standard of protection. “This will reassure consumers and citizens, benefitting the whole digital economy”, says Marcus. A stable and secure information and communication technologies (ICT) infrastructure – currently provided by the National Research and Education Networks (NRENs) – is key to advance collaboration in science. The AfricaConnect2 project (AfricaConnect (2012–2014) and AfricaConnect2 (2016–2018)) through establishing connectivity between National Research and Education Networks (NRENs), is planning to roll out AfricaConnect3 by the end of 2019. The concern however is that selected African governments (with the exception of a few countries such as South Africa, Mozambique, Ethiopia and others) have low awareness of the impact the Internet has today on all societal levels, how much ICT (and the 4th Industrial Revolution) have affected research, and the added value an NREN can bring to higher education and research in addressing the respective needs, which is far more complex than simply providing connectivity. Apart from more commitment and investment in R&D, African governments – to become and remain part of the 4th Industrial Revolution – have no option other than to acknowledge and commit to the role NRENs play in advancing science towards addressing the SDG (Sustainable Development Goals). For successful collaboration and direction, it is fundamental that policies within one country are aligned with one another. Alignment on continental level is crucial for the future Pan-African African Open Science Platform to be successful. Both the HIPSSA ((Harmonization of ICT Policies in Sub-Saharan Africa)3 project and WATRA (the West Africa Telecommunications Regulators Assembly)4, have made progress towards the regulation of the telecom sector, and in particular of bottlenecks which curb the development of competition among ISPs. A study under HIPSSA identified potential bottlenecks in access at an affordable price to the international capacity of submarine cables and suggested means and tools used by regulators to remedy them. Work on the recommended measures and making them operational continues in collaboration with WATRA. In addition to sufficient bandwidth and connectivity, high-performance computing facilities and services in support of data sharing are also required. The South African National Integrated Cyberinfrastructure System5 (NICIS) has made great progress in planning and setting up a cyberinfrastructure ecosystem in support of collaborative science and data sharing. The regional Southern African Development Community6 (SADC) Cyber-infrastructure Framework provides a valuable roadmap towards high-speed Internet, developing human capacity and skills in ICT technologies, high- performance computing and more. The following countries have been identified as having high-performance computing facilities, some as a result of the Square Kilometre Array7 (SKA) partnership: Botswana, Ghana, Kenya, Madagascar, Mozambique, Mauritius, Namibia, South Africa, Tunisia, and Zambia. More and more NRENs – especially the Level 6 NRENs 8 (Algeria, Egypt, Kenya, South Africa, and recently Zambia) – are exploring offering additional services; also in support of data sharing and transfer. The following NRENs already allow for running data-intensive applications and sharing of high-end computing assets, bio-modelling and computation on high-performance/ supercomputers: KENET (Kenya), TENET (South Africa), RENU (Uganda), ZAMREN (Zambia), EUN (Egypt) and ARN (Algeria). Fifteen higher education training institutions from eight African countries (Botswana, Benin, Kenya, Nigeria, Rwanda, South Africa, Sudan, and Tanzania) have been identified as offering formal courses on data science. In addition to formal degrees, a number of international short courses have been developed and free international online courses are also available as an option to build capacity and integrate as part of curricula. The small number of higher education or research intensive institutions offering data science is however insufficient, and there is a desperate need for more training in data science. The CODATA-RDA Schools of Research Data Science aim at addressing the continental need for foundational data skills across all disciplines, along with training conducted by The Carpentries 9 programme (specifically Data Carpentry 10 ). Thus far, CODATA-RDA schools in collaboration with AOSP, integrating content from Data Carpentry, were presented in Rwanda (in 2018), and during17-29 June 2019, in Ethiopia. Awareness regarding Open Science (including Open Data) is evident through the 12 Open Science-related Open Access/Open Data/Open Science declarations and agreements endorsed or signed by African governments; 200 Open Access journals from Africa registered on the Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ); 174 Open Access institutional research repositories registered on openDOAR (Directory of Open Access Repositories); 33 Open Access/Open Science policies registered on ROARMAP (Registry of Open Access Repository Mandates and Policies); 24 data repositories registered with the Registry of Data Repositories (re3data.org) (although the pilot project identified 66 research data repositories); and one data repository assigned the CoreTrustSeal. Although this is a start, far more needs to be done to align African data curation and research practices with global standards. Funding to conduct research remains a challenge. African researchers mostly fund their own research, and there are little incentives for them to make their research and accompanying data sets openly accessible. Funding and peer recognition, along with an enabling research environment conducive for research, are regarded as major incentives. The landscape report concludes with a number of concerns towards sharing research data openly, as well as challenges in terms of Open Data policy, ICT infrastructure supportive of data sharing, capacity building, lack of skills, and the need for incentives. Although great progress has been made in terms of Open Science and Open Data practices, more awareness needs to be created and further advocacy efforts are required for buy-in from African governments. A federated African Open Science Platform (AOSP) will not only encourage more collaboration among researchers in addressing the SDGs, but it will also benefit the many stakeholders identified as part of the pilot phase. The time is now, for governments in Africa, to acknowledge the important role of science in general, but specifically Open Science and Open Data, through developing and aligning the relevant policies, investing in an ICT infrastructure conducive for data sharing through committing funding to making NRENs financially sustainable, incentivising open research practices by scientists, and creating opportunities for more scientists and stakeholders across all disciplines to be trained in data management.
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