Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Russin S.F.S.R”

Исследования искусственной среды уже давно изучаются в отдельных областях социальных наук, и предпринимается несколько попыток создания единой теории взаимодействия человека с окружающей средой. Текущий дискурс об искусственной среде оставался фрагментированным между археологами и социальными антропологами. Исследование комплексного подхода теоретических основ теории искусственной среды может оказаться полезным для археологов и социальных антропологов в понимании взаимодействия человека с окружающей средой. Подходы, применяемые как археологами, так и социальными антропологами, обладают уникальными преимуществами, которые, адаптированные вместе, могут обеспечить более сильную концептуализацию и развитие большего за счет исследований взаимоотношений человека с искусственной средой в прошлых и современных обществах. Библиографическме ссылки Blockley, M. 2003. In P. G. Stone, P. G. Planel. (eds). The Constructed Past: Experimental Archaeology, Education and the Public. Routledge,. 16–18. Goody, J. 1971.In Goody, J. (ed.). The Developmental Cycle in Domestic Groups. Cambridge University Press, 347–381.Hodder I. 1979. In American Antiquity. 44 (3), 446–454. Kent, S.1984. Analyzing Activity Areas: An Ethnoarchaeological Study of the Use of Space. University of New Mexico Press. Lawrence, D. L., Low, S. M. 1990. In Annual Review of Anthropology. 1990. 19, 435–505. Lercari, N. 2017. In Digital Applications in Archaeology and Cultural Heritage. 6, 10–17. Micoli L., Guidi G., Angheleddu D., Russo M. 2013. A multidisciplinary approach to 3D survey and reconstruction of historical buildings. Digital Heritage International Congress Proceedings. 241–248. Morgan, L. H. 1965. Houses and House-Life of the American Aborigines. University of Chicago Press. Planel, P. G., Stone, P. G. 2003. In P. G. Stone, P. G. Planel. (eds). The Constructed Past: Experimental Archaeology, Education and the Public. Routledge,. 1–5. Rapoport, A. 1977. Human Aspects of Urban Form. Pergamon. Rapoport, A. 1990. The Meaning of the Built Environment: A Nonverbal Communication Approach. University of Arizona Press. Schiffer, M.B. 1978. In Gould, R. (ed.). Methodological issues in ethnoarchaeology. Explorations in Ethnoarchaeology.. University of New Mexico Press, 1978. Р. 347–381. Sitdikov, A., Badeev, D. 2017. In European Research Studies Journal. S (20), 208−214. Baranov, V. S. 2013. In Baranov, V. S., Valeev R. M., Salikhov R. R., Poluboiarinova M. D., Sharifullin R. F. (eds.). Velikii Bolgar (Great Bolgar). Moscow; Kazan: “Feoriia” Publ., 232–242 (in Russian). Valeev, R. M. 2013. In Baranov, V. S., Valeev R. M., Salikhov R. R., Poluboiarinova M. D., Sharifullin R. F. (eds.). Velikii Bolgar (Great Bolgar). Moscow; Kazan: “Feoriia” Publ., 92–97 (in Russian). Izmailov, I. L. 2013. In Baranov, V. S., Valeev R. M., Salikhov R. R., Poluboiarinova M. D., Sharifullin R. F. (eds.). Velikii Bolgar (Great Bolgar). Moscow; Kazan: “Feoriia” Publ., 55−63 (in Russian). Koval V. Yu. 2016. In Povolzhskaya arkheologiya (Volga River Region Archaeology) 18 (4), 99−124 (in Russian). Mukhametshin, D. G. 2016. In Bocharov, S. G., Sitdikov, A. G. (eds.). Dialog gorodskoi i stepnoi kul'tur na Evraziiskom prostranstve. Istoricheskaia geografi ia Zolotoi Ordy (Dialogue of the Urban and Steppe Cultures in the Eurasian Space. Historical Geography of the Golden Horde). Kazan; Yalta; Kishinev: “Stratum plus” Publ., 121−123 (in Russian). Nigamaev, A. Z. 2017. In Arkheologiia Evraziiskikh stepei (Archaeology of Eurasian Steppes) 3. 239−242 (in Russian). Sharifullin R. F. 2014. In Povolzhskaya arkheologiya (Volga River Region Archaeology) 9 (3), 56−75 (in Russian).

The article analyzes the regional features of the provision of medical personnel in Russia in the context of various subjects and federal districts. P u r p o s e of the study is to analyze the features of staffing of medical organizations in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation in modern conditions and the main directions of policy to improve the staffing situation at the regional level. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . According to the official statistics, an analysis of the staffing of medical and paramedical personnel was carried out in the context of the constituent entities of the Russian Federation; in the course of the study, methods were used such as: analytical, statistical, study and generalization of experience. R e s u l t s . The analysis showed that the provision of doctors and the provision of emergency medical services for different regions of the Russian Federation is different. The lowest values of the indicator of the provision of doctors in 2019 were recorded in the Ural FD, the Southern FD and the North Caucasian FD, while in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation the most pronounced tendency towards a decrease in the level of provision nursing staff was noted in Moscow, Tyumen region, Chukotka Autonomous Okrug, Republic of Kalmykia, Udmurt Republic, as well as in Yaroslavl, Murmansk, Novgorod and Kirov regions, which emphasizes the need to take appropriate management measures, both at the local and federal levels. F i n d i n g s . The existing imbalance in the country between the provision of the population with doctors and nurses in various regions (the difference between low and high rates is more than 2.3 times), as well as between the provision of medical workers in the city and rural areas is the main problem of staffing the system. To overcome this situation, further implementation of new measures of social support and moral incentives for medical personnel in Russia is required.

R e l e v a n c e : The variety of methods and approaches to the financing of medical care accumulated by the world experience determines the importance of classification. However, the existing capabilities of classification systems seem to be limited and unsuitable for practice and management decision-making. P u r p o s e : development of a new classification of health care financing systems to improve the efficiency of managerial decisions taken when modeling long-term strategies for the development of health care in the Russian Federation. M e t h o d s : A method was used based on a functional and structural analysis of the main links of the technological cycle of financing public (free at the place of delivery) medical care: coverage, determination of sources of revenues, their redistribution, consolidation, payment for medical care and management expenses for creating a new classification of health care financing systems. R e s u l t s a n d c o n c l u s i o n s : A new classification has been developed and tested to analyze the national health systems of different countries and model the most relevant changes in the health financing system. A p p l i c a t i o n o f t h e r e s u l t s : public health, public financial management, consolidation of revenues.

One of the most important characteristics of the labour market is labour mobility that allows assessing the economic efficienc y o f labour . A comparativ e analysi s i s necessar y fo r determinin g th e degre e o f mobility . I n term s o f spatia l and sectoral characteristics, the paper assesses the degree and dynamics of mobility in the Russian labour market based on previously published studies, as well as the authors’ findings. To determine the degree of mobility, the research uses various approaches, applying both direct (mobility costs, transition matrices) and indirect indicators (structural unemployment, wage differentiation, unemployment rate, gross regional product (GRP)). The analysis uses the data of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) and Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) for 2000– 2016. The obtained results demonstrate a relatively low intersectoral and interregional mobility in Russia compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Low intersectoral mobility may indicate weak exchangeability of the sectors and high mobility costs. The largest number of transitions is observed in trade, where employees do not need any specific knowledge. Generally, other transitions are made between related sectors that require similar knowledge from employees. The lowest intersectoral mobility is characteristic for the education and health sectors. According to the Shorrocks index, in Russia, interregional mobility is lower than intersectoral mobility. Low spatial mobility is explained by high migration costs, including those associated with “poverty traps”, the peculiarity of statistical accounting of migrants and the size of Russian regions. The obtained results are correct for the examined period and the applied criteria. The changes in labour mobility in Russia caused by global digitalisation of the economy and the transition to remote working require a separate study.

One of the most important characteristics of the labour market is labour mobility that allows assessing the economic efficienc y o f labour . A comparativ e analysi s i s necessar y fo r determinin g th e degre e o f mobility . I n term s o f spatia l and sectoral characteristics, the paper assesses the degree and dynamics of mobility in the Russian labour market based on previously published studies, as well as the authors’ findings. To determine the degree of mobility, the research uses various approaches, applying both direct (mobility costs, transition matrices) and indirect indicators (structural unemployment, wage differentiation, unemployment rate, gross regional product (GRP)). The analysis uses the data of the Russia Longitudinal Monitoring Survey — Higher School of Economics (RLMS-HSE) and Federal State Statistic Service (Rosstat) for 2000– 2016. The obtained results demonstrate a relatively low intersectoral and interregional mobility in Russia compared to Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) countries. Low intersectoral mobility may indicate weak exchangeability of the sectors and high mobility costs. The largest number of transitions is observed in trade, where employees do not need any specific knowledge. Generally, other transitions are made between related sectors that require similar knowledge from employees. The lowest intersectoral mobility is characteristic for the education and health sectors. According to the Shorrocks index, in Russia, interregional mobility is lower than intersectoral mobility. Low spatial mobility is explained by high migration costs, including those associated with “poverty traps”, the peculiarity of statistical accounting of migrants and the size of Russian regions. The obtained results are correct for the examined period and the applied criteria. The changes in labour mobility in Russia caused by global digitalisation of the economy and the transition to remote working require a separate study.

Abstract Objectives To compare the patterns of thermal food processing methods in patients with and without the syndrome intestinal bacterial overgrowth (SIBO). Methods It was retrospective single-center study. Data of patients with lactulose breath test GastroCheck Gastrolyser (Bedfont, UK) and diet assessment (24-hours dietary recall) were enrolled. Those with excessive production of hydrogen, methane, both or neither gases were identified. All dishes and products consumed by a patient we divided to 6 categories depending on thermal food processing method: those that were not processed (raw) (Cat-r), boiled (Cat-bl), fried (Cat-f), stewed (Cat-s), baked (Cat-bk) in the oven or grilled (Cat-g). To analyze the structure of thermal food processing, we divided the weight of all products or dishes that underwent specific method of processing to the total weight of the food consumed. The pattern of thermal food processing within each group was obtained as a quotient of the total percentage (by weight) of the food processed with the certain method by the number of patients in the group. Results The data of 1200 patients were available for the final analysis: 640 patients in the SIBO-H2 group, 162 in the SIBO-CH4 group, 270 in the SIBO-CH4-H2 group, and 128 patients in the control group. The distribution of thermal food processing categories was as follows: in patients with SIBO-H2 (Cat-r: 45.3 ± 17.2%, Cat-bl: 31.8 ± 15.6%, Cat-s: 3.5 ± 7.7%, Cat-f: 6.5 ± 10.5%, Cat-bk: 12.4 ± 10.3%, Cat-g 0.3 ± 3.3%); with SIBO-CH4 (Cat-r: 47.2 ± 16.6%, Cat-bl: 29.5 ± 15.1%, Cat-s: 4.3 ± 7.4%, Cat-f: 5.8 ± 10.0%, Cat-bk: 12.4 ± 10.3%, Cat-g: 0,4 ± 3,9%); with SIBO-CH4-H2 (Cat-r: 45.5 ± 16.3%, Cat-bl: 31.0 ± 16.1%, Cat-s: 4.0 ± 8.0%, Cat-f: 5.4 ± 9.9%, Cat-bk: 13.4 ± 11.0%, Cat-g: 0.3 ± 2.2%); in the control group (Cat-r: 44.8 ± 16.8%, Cat-bl: 32.4 ± 16.4%, Cat-s: 3.0 ± 6.5%, Cat-f: 5.2 ± 7.7%, Cat-bk 14.1 ± 10.4%, Cat-g: 0.2 ± 1.9%). No significant difference was found between the study groups and the control group by mean percentage of raw, boiled, stewed, fried, baked and grilled food intake. Conclusions We found no association between thermal food processing patterns and SIBO. Funding Sources The study was supported by Russian Scientific Foundation grant No. 19-76-30014.

Competent management is crucial condition for the development and functioning and requires qualified managers. In the Russian Federation over the past few years Federation there were many rotations in management of regional health authorities. These changes will be followed by lack of continuity in management decision-making, high degree of uncertainty and a low level of population and professional community trust. T h e a i m o f t h e s t u d y was to give a detailed information about regional health authorities managers in Russian Federation. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . This research was designed as observational study with the use of questionnaire which included the characteristics of the age and gender of the respondents, the level of their basic and additional education, additional competencies, occupational background in leadership position. R e s u l t s . We achieved a response from 81 respondents. We founded that rotation of managers and extremely short occupation period had significant impact on managers’ qualifications. The culture of purposeful formation of the professional skills by the respondents was poor. Only 7% of managers paid attention to their education. About 40% did not have professional retraining for management in healthcare. C o n c l u s i o n s . It is necessary to develop a standard set of Russian region health managers competencies and responsibilities.

The Soviet diplomacy in the second half of the 1940s included the Russian Orthodox Church and its institutions of international presence in its sphere of activity. At that time the Russian Orthodox Church (ROC) began to play a significant role in the Soviet Union's foreign policy. The Middle Eastern direction becomes one of the most significant areas of “church diplomacy”. The first visit of Patriarch Alexy (Simanskiy) to the Holy Land in 1945 was part of a “package” of diplomatic steps made by Soviet diplomacy in partnership with the Moscow Patriarchate in 1945–1955 to restore the property of the ROC in Palestine. The analysis of the documents on the ROC (State Archive of the Russian Federation, F. R-6991) and the materials on the foreign policy of the USSR Council of Ministers (State Archive of the Russian Federation, F. R-5446), as well as the extensive historiography of historical relations between Russia and the Holy Land, allows the authors to consider joint efforts to consolidate the presence of the ROC in the region. The research allows tracing the “birth of tradition” of foreign policy mission of the Moscow Patriarchate and its foreign structures, which became points of influence of the USSR in the post-war world. It allows one to reconstruct the social image of Moscow's “agents of influence” in the Middle East, both the new emissaries and the traditional agents of Russian influence in the region – the pilgrims and nuns of the Russian monasteries of the Holy Land.

With age, the risk of stroke increases significantly, but at the same time, there are tendencies for an increase in its prevalence in young and middle-aged people, which determines the urgency of the problem of rehabilitation treatment after stroke both in the world and in Russia. The use of digital technologies in neurorehabilitation can be very multifaceted and extensive. Telerehabilitation as an innovative direction of telemedicine is an important aspect within the framework of the national project «Healthcare» and the program «Digital Economy of the Russian Federation». P u r p o s e of the study is to analysis of the Russian experience of organizing and conducting telerehabilitation of post-stroke period in the context of the digital transformation of the healthcare system in Russia. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The article used technologies for searching and selecting information using search engines (www.google.ru, www.yandex.ru), specialized and bibliographic databases (PubMed, eLIBRARY.RU), methods of analysis and synthesis, analytical data processing. R e s u l t s . The study showed that telerehabilitation has a high clinical value of adherence to the treatment of patients of post-stroke period and is not a separate type of medical activity, but an innovative therapeutic and prophylactic method that expands the possibilities of therapy and improves the process of interaction in the «doctor-patient» and «doctor-doctor» communication systems. This technology of restorative telemedicine makes it possible to increase the level of scientific knowledge, skills and abilities of healthcare organizers and medical workers in order to strengthen the national healthcare system of Russia, as well as to rationally use the scientific and practical potential of digital solutions in interdisciplinary interaction of specialists dealing with medical neurorehabilitation, significantly expanding the coverage of the population telerehabilitation services after a stroke. F i n d i n g s . Despite the positive experience of some medical organizations in Russia in the use of telerehabilitation, this direction is still in its infancy and is likely to develop in the coming years for the rehabilitation of many stroke patients, which will help healthcare organizers, doctors and patients and other interdisciplinary specialists effectively and interact seamlessly in the digital health ecosystem in the context of the development of patient-centered medicine.

The implementation of the healthcare development strategy, effective management of the healthcare system is impossible without monitoring and comprehensive comparative analysis at various levels of the state and development of the network, resources and activities of medical organizations, individual services and the healthcare system as a whole. P u r p o s e of the study is scientific assessment of the state of the network of medical organizations providing medical care in outpatient and inpatient settings, as well as analysis of the provision of beds for the population of the Russian Federation in 2012–2019. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . Within the framework of the conducted research, official statistics data were analyzed, modern trends and trends in the provision of beds and the state of the network of medical organizations in Russia at the regional level were determined. Statistical data processing was carried out using SPSS, Excel‑2007 packages. Such methods as analytical, statistical methods, study and generalization of experience, comparative analysis were used. R e s u l t s . The analysis has shown that the unevenness and the level of high differentiation of indicators of provision of beds by subjects of the Russian Federation remains. Thus, over the period 2012–2019, the provision of specialized beds for all the main profiles of beds is decreasing, the largest reduction affected socially significant beds – dermatovenerological – by 1,5 times, as well as therapeutic – by 32,5%, gastroenterological – by 28,2%, pediatric – by 24,4%, and infectious – by 20,3%. F i n d i n g s . The results of this study confirm the reduction in the number of beds of the main profiles, as well as the conversion of part of the bed stock, especially in the context of a pandemic of a new coronavirus infection, which showed the need for structural and functional transformations of health resources in general and the bed stock in particular.

The article is devoted to the study of the main works of the 19th century on the problem of relations between Russia and Kabarda in the 16th–19th centuries. In accordance with the ideological orientation of historiographic sources, the author conditionally identified two main directions in the pre-revolutionary study of this topic: conservative (officially protective) and liberal. Representatives of the conservative direction of pre-revolutionary Caucasian studies substantiated the thesis about the exclusive role of autocracy in public life and the need to conquer the North Caucasus to ensure the protection of Russia's state interests. This trend includes the works of N. M. Karamzin, P. P. Zubov, R. A. Fadeev, N. F. Dubrovin and other authors. In the studies of representatives of the liberal current of scientific thought of the 19th century, based on the social ideals of freedom and equality, attention was focused on the mutually beneficial and allied nature of the Kabardian-Russian historical ties, which required the search for peaceful, alternative to military, ways to join the peoples of the Caucasus. This direction is represented by the works of S. M. Soloviev, S. M. Bronevsky, N. F. Grabovsky, V. A. Potto, S. A. Belokurov, I. Atazhukin, Sh. Nogmov, Khan-Girey and others.

The Russian system of public health protection and primary health care as its component require reforming. Excessively narrow specialization of outpatient care loses the identity of the primary health care doctor as a «guardian of health». The state bears the financial burden associated with large investments in specialized medical care, which is much more expensive. It is required to reform district assistance in organizational and personnel support. Unfortunately, 30 years of reforming primary health care on the principle of general medical practice have not brought Russia closer to the formation of a new organizational and institutionally sustainable model of primary health care. P u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y . Based on the analysis of the reported data on the availability of medical personnel in primary health care in the Russian Federation and its subjects and the content of the analysis of author’s studies, proposals were developed for reforming primary health care and general medical practices. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s : content analysis, statistical, sociological, analytical, direct observation. The article used the results of the research work of the authors of the article, followed by content analysis and the development of proposals for reforming primary health care, district service and general education, in particular. R e s u l t s . The article provides an analysis of the provision of doctors, therapist and general practitioners in the Russian Federation in dynamics (2016–2020), a ranking of indicators of the provision of general practitioner in the constituent entities of the Russian Federation is carried out. The analysis showed that over the 5 years, the provision of district physicians increased slightly: general practitioner (from 0,63 to 0,72‰î), district therapist (from 2,98 to 3,21), in total, the provision of these specialists increased from 3,61 to 3,93‰ and their share (2020) amounted to 8,6% of the total number of doctors in the Russian Federation, which determines the need to prioritize the reform of primary health care in the context of the development of general medical practice. Based on content analysis and our own research on the state of primary health care and the development of primary health care in the Russian Federation, proposals were developed for reforming primary health care and promising models of primary health care in the city were scientifically substantiated. F i n d i n g s . The introduction of promising general medical practice models in the urban environment implies a complete transition of the medical organization providing medical care on an outpatient basis to general medical practice, while reducing the staff positions of medical specialists. It is necessary to expand the job responsibilities of the general practitioner’s nurse with a ratio of general practitioner to general practitioner’s nurse of 1:2. It is necessary to develop regulatory, legal and managerial decisions regarding the priorities of primary health care and the development of general medical practice in its structure

In recent years, especially during the COVID‑19 pandemic, the need for mobile medical clinics has increased. For the effective implementation of the project of mobile medical clinics in Russia (by the example of the Rostov region), it is necessary to purchase expensive medical equipment using leasing technologies. P u r p o s e of the study was to assess the effectiveness of leasing when operating a mobile medical clinic in the Rostov region. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The article investigated the cost-effectiveness of operating leasing compared to the standard purchase of medical equipment. The amount of lease payments was calculated and compared with payments for the purchase of medical equipment. Payments were calculated for a standard set of medical equipment for a medical clinic, including 5 cars on KAMAZ chassis No. 1 with offices of a therapist, surgeon, otolaryngologist, endocrinologist and neurologist, dentist, gynecologist, urologist and ophthalmologist, laboratory and fluorographic, mammographic and CT complexes. R e s u l t s . According to the results of the study, it was found that in the modern conditions of the spread of coronavirus infection, the need for mobile medical clinics has increased significantly. Effectiveness of medical equipment leasing technology: supplier (equipment manufacturer) – lessee (mobile medical clinic) with the assistance of a leasing company (lessor), lease payments for operating leasing have been estimated. F i n d i n g s . The effectiveness of leasing in the Rostov region with full depreciation of medical equipment by 30–80% within 10 years of operation has been established.

Ключові слова: Російська імперія першої половини XVIIІ ст., реформи Петра І, самодержавство,абсолютна монархія, мілітаризм. На основі аналізу історичних досліджень поданий неупереджений погляд на передумови, хід, наслідкиспроб Петра І модернізувати Російську державу й суспільство на початку XVIIІ ст. Аналізується еволюціяпоглядів істориків різних епох щодо особистості Петра, причин, умов, характеру, мотиваційних чинників, щовпливали на прийняття ним тих чи інших рішень щодо проведення реформ.У результаті проведеного дослідження визначені основні риси суспільно-політичних трансформацій вРосійській імперії першої половини XVIIІ ст., акцентовано увагу на спростування радянських та сучаснихросійських міфів щодо розвитку імперської, самодержавної моделі Росії, показані тенденції в економіці,державному управлінні, характері влади, взаєминах між владою та її підданими, у культурі, ментальності, яківизначали поведінку тодішньої «еліти» та населення країни, і надалі є характерними для сучасної Росії(імперське мислення, неповага до закону, обмеження прав і свобод громадян, панування в суспільстві страху,насилля, віри в непогрішність влади, культурне невігластво тощо). Посилання Аnderson, 1997 – Anderson M. S. Petr Velikij / per. s angl. V.P. Belonozhko. [Peter the Great]. 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We pay attention on the problems of Russian modern studies of sexism, which are suffering from the lack of relevant psychodiagnostic tools. We examine and describe foreign experience in diagnosing sexism. диагностики сексизма. The development of sexism interpretations and its measurement methodologies in the concepts of N. Benokraitis and J. Feagin (overt/blatant, covert, and subtle sexism), P. Glick and S. Fiske (hostile and benevolent sexism) are analyzed. The review presents the main theoretical concepts of sexism and related tests such as Attitudes Toward Women Scale by J. Spence and R. Helmreich; Modern Sexism Scale by J. Swim, K. Aikin, W. Hall, B. Hunter; Neosexism Scale by F. Tougas, R. Brown, A. Beaton, A. Joly; Ambivalent Sexism Inventory by P. Glick and S. Fiske; Implicit Association Test by A. Greenwald, D. McGhee and J. Schwartz.

In the Russian Federation, disease prevention in primary care is a priority area of medical care for the adult population. An automated assessment of the risk of death from cardiovascular disease can be an auxiliary preventive tool if integrated intoa medical information system. P u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y – to substantiate the automation of the process of assessing the risk of death from cardiovascular diseases over the next 10 years using the SCORE scale at the level of a city hospital. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The study was carried outat the State Budgetary Medical Institution of Arkhangelsk region “Arkhangelsk City Clinical Hospital № 7”. The completeness and quality of electronic patient records were assessed. The SCORE calculator was integrated into the examination protocol for primary care physicians. The effects of the innovation on the completeness and quality of electronic patient records were assessed. R e s u l t s a n d d i s c u s s i o n . Among the served population aged 40 to 79 years, any information on risk factors for cardiovascular diseases was reflected in 28,7% of electronic patient records. Data on all variables used to assess the risk on the SCORE scale (gender, age, systolic blood pressure, smoking, cholesterol level) were present for 20,8% of the patients. The introduction of the SCORE automated calculator into the examination protocol of a general practitioner and a cardiologist made it possibleto increase the completeness of data on cardiovascular disease risk factors used for the risk assessment on the SCORE scale to 97,4%. C o n c l u s i o n s . The introduction of the SCORE automated calculator has significantly increased the completeness of data on the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases in patients’ electronic patient records. The innovation makes it possible to reduce labor costs forestimatingthe risks, allowsmore effective identification of persons subject to dispensary observation.

Эндофуллерены, содержащие один или несколько атомов металла внутри углеродного каркаса (металлофуллерены), представляют большой практический интерес в связи с возможностью создания на их основе эффективных контрастирующих агентов для магнитно-резонансной томографии (МРТ), антиоксидантных и противораковых средств. Данные соединения могут быть также использованы в спинтронике для создания наноразмерных электронных устройств. В настоящей работе в рамках теории функционала плотности произведен расчет структурных, электронных и термодинамических характеристик эндофуллеренов металлов подгруппы скандия с числом инкапсулированных атомов от одного до семи в газовой фазе. Описаны стабильные структуры с симметриямиCs, C2, C3 и Ci, соответствующие позициям, занимаемым атомами металла внутри каркаса фуллерена. Установлен теоретический предел числа атомов металла, при котором структура эндофуллерена сохраняет устойчивость – шесть атомов для скандия, четыре для иттрия и три для лантана. Расчет показывает, что наиболее устойчивыми являются структуры с двумя и тремя инкапсулированными атомами. Описана зависимость между числом инкапсулированных атомов металла и характером распределения электронной плотности. Общий заряд на инкапсулированном металлическом кластере положителен для соединений Me@C60 – Me3@C60, слабо положителен для Me4@C60(отдельные атомы имеют отрицательный заряд) и отрицателен для соединений Me5C60 – Me6@C60. Описан эффект спиновой утечки для структур с основным дублетным спиновым состоянием. Для соединений с тремя и более инкапсулированными атомами данный эффект незначителен, что указывает на нецелесообразность создания контрастирующих агентов для МРТ на их основе. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Kroto H. W., Heath J. R., O’Brien S. C., Curl R. F., Smalley R. E. C60: Buckminsterfullerene. Nature.1985;318(6042): 162–163. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1038/318162a02. Kratschmer W., Lamb L. D., Fostiropoulos K., Huffman D. R. Solid C60: a new form of carbon. 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The paper presents the results of a study of solid-phase equilibria in the Tb–Te system and the thermodynamic properties of terbium tellurides obtained by the methods of electromotive forces and X-ray diffraction analysis. Based on the experimental data, it was established that the TbTe, Tb2Te3, TbTe2 и TbTe3 compounds are formed in the system. For the investigations of the alloys from the two-phase regions TbTe3+Te, TbTe2+TbTe3, and Tb2Te3+TbTe2, the EMF of concentration cells relative to the TbTe electrode was measured. The EMF of concentration cells relative to the terbium electrode was measured for the TbTe+Tb2T3 region. The partial thermodynamic functions of TbTe and Tb in alloys were determined bycombining the EMF measurements of both types in the 300–450 K temperature range, based on which the standard thermodynamic functions of formation and standard entropies of the indicated terbium tellurides were calculated. References1. Jha A. R. 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The electrochemicalapplications of rare earth-based nanomaterials.Analyst. 2019;144(23): 6789–6811. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1039/C9AN01562K7. Saint-Paul M., Monceau P. Survey of thethermodynamic properties of the charge density wavesystems. Adv. Cond. Matter Phys. 2019: 1–5 DOI:https://doi.org/10.1155/2019/21382648. Cheikh D., Hogan B. E., Vo T., Allmen P. V., Lee K.,Smiadak D. M., Zevalkink A., Dunn B. S., Fleurial J-P.,Bux S. L. Praseodymium telluride: A high temperature,high- ZT thermoelectric material. Joule. 2018; 2(4):698–709. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.joule.2018.01.0139. Patil S. J., Lokhande A. C., Lee D. W, Kim J. H.,Lokhande C. D. Chemical synthesis and supercapacitiveproperties of lanthanum telluride thin film. Journal ofColloid and Interface Science. 2017; 490: 147–153. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jcis.2016.11.02010. Zhou X. Z., Zhng K. H. L, Xiog J., Park J-H,Dickerson J-H., He W. 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Thermodynamic investigation of theBi2Se3-Bi2Te3 system by the EMF method. Kondensirovannyesredy i mezhfaznye granitsy = CondensedMatter and Interphases. 2020;22(3): 310–319. DOI:https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2020.22/296124. Imamaliyeva S. Z., Babanly D. M., Gasanly T. M.,et al.: Thermodynamic properties of Tl9GdTe6 andTlGdTe2. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A.2018;92(11): 2111–2116. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1134/s003602441811015825. Mansimova S. H., Orujlu E. N., Sultanova S. G.,Babanly M. B. Thermodynamic properties of Pb6Sb6Se17.Kondensirovannye sredy i mezhfaznye granitsy =Condensed Matter and Interphases. 2017;19(4): 536–541. https://doi.org/10.17308/kcmf.2017.19/23426. Imamaliyeva S. Z., Gasanly T. M., MahmudovaM. A. Thermodynamic properties of GdTe compound.Physics. 2017;22: 19–21. Available at: http://physics.gov.az/Dom/2017/AJP_Fizika_04_2017_en.pdf27. Imamaliyeva S. Z., Musayeva S. S., Babanly D. M.,Jafarov Y. I., Tagiyev D. B., Babanly M. B. Determinationof the thermodynamic functions of bismuthchalcoiodides by EMF method with morpholiniumformate as electrolyte. Thermochim. Acta. 2019; 679:178319–17825. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tca.2019.17831928. Baza dannykh termicheskikh konstant veshchestv.Elektronnaya versiya pod. red. V. S. Yungmana. 2006[Database of thermal constants of substances.Electronic version V. S. Yungman (ed.). 2006]. Availableat: http://www.chem.msu.ru/cgi-bin/tkv.pl?show=welcome.html/welcome.html

P u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y : based on the analysis of the medical and demographic situation and the staffing of the rural population, develop proposals for improving medical care for the villagers. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s : statistical, analytical, direct observation. The article used the forms of state statistical observation of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation. The results of the actual research. Materials and methods: statistical, analytical, direct observation, the forms of state statistical observation of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation were used. R e s u l t s . The rural population in the Russian Federation (2021) is 36,9 million people (25,2% of the country’s population). The proportion of the rural population of working age was 53,8%, which is lower than in Russia as a whole – 56%. A 21-year analysis showed that the birth rate of the rural population increased until 2012, while mortality rates decreased, in 2013 the mortality and birth rates became equal and amounted to 14,5‰ each, in 2020 the death rate increased to 15,4‰ due to the COVID‑19 pandemic. The average (expected) life expectancy of the rural population (70,7 years) is lower than that of the urban population (71,8 years); the indicator for rural men is extremely low (66 years). The overall incidence of the rural population is 1,4 times lower than that of the urban population, 117993,2 and 166901,5‰oo respectively. Primary morbidity is also 1,5 times lower (55082,4 and 83002,2‰oo, respectively). The difference in primary morbidity rates of the rural population in the federal districts (2020) was 1,3 times, in the constituent entities – 8,3 times. The incidence of COVID‑19 in the rural adult population (2020) was 1986,0‰oo, which is 2 times lower than in the Russian Federation as a whole (3913.9‰oo). There was a significant difference in these indicators (by 59 times) in the subjects of the Russian Federation, which can be associated with a lower density of the rural population, low availability of medical care in the countryside, as well as the ambiguity of COVID‑19 coding. For 6 years (2016–2021), the provision of doctors in medical organizations in rural areas in the Russian Federation decreased from 14,8 to 13,6‰o, and of nurses – from 54,6 to 49,3‰o. The number of nursing staff individuals working for feldsher-obstetric station decreased by 12,5%, paramedics – by 9,4%. Given the special importance of paramedical assistance in the countryside, the reduction in the number of paramedics should be considered a negative. C o n c l u s i o n . The unfavorable medical and demographic situation in the countryside requires the development of organizational and managerial decisions aimed at increasing the availability of medical care to the villagers. C o n c l u s i o n s . Proposals have been developed to improve the provision of medical care to the population of rural areas.

The paper shows that the new ideal of the relationship between men and woman, discussed in Russia at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, was inspired by H. Ibsen although Russian critics refused to see the “great Norwegian” as a supporter of the practical side of the women’s movement. The Silver Age identified Ibsen’s heroines as examples of two opposing ideals of femininity: “eternally feminine” meekness on the one hand, and feminine independence and courage to violate social norms on the other. Russian authors often credited their own ideas to Ibsen, justifying their aesthetic-philosophical conceptions in terms of his work. This study considers the dilemma of perception of Ibsen's heroines as symbols and subjects of free will. The Russian reception of H. Ibsen’s female images is analyzed in the works of E. A. Koltonovskaya, G. V. Plekhanov, A. V. Lunacharsky, Z. N. Gippius, A. A. Blok, L. N. Andreev, I. F. Annensky, V. V. Rozanov and papers of N. M. Minsky and D. S. Merezhkovsky. K. R. Andreichuk compares the plays “Hedda Gabler” by H. Ibsen and “Alma” by N. M. Minsky, for the first time pointing out the connection between the dramas “The Thunderstorm Is Over” by D. S. Merezhkovsky and “A Doll’s House” by H. Ibsen. N. M. Minsky finds Ibsen’s love of self to be the main theme, while for D. S. Merezhkovsky, it is a new, mystical marriage.

Résumé La guerre d'agression massive de la Russie contre l'Ukraine, engagée en février 2022, vient radicalement bouleverser le paysage de la recherche sur les sociétés anciennement soviétiques. Face aux brutalités de la guerre, d'un côté, au durcissement autoritaire en Russie, de l'autre, les possibilités d'enquête et de débat scientifique sont mises à mal, et posent de lourds défis aux chercheurs travaillant sur cet espace. Dans cet essai à deux voix, nous relisons nos trajectoires d'enquête en Russie au cours de ces trente dernières années ; nous tâtonnons ensemble à la recherche de nouvelles méthodes et de nouveaux cadres d'analyse pour penser le tournant en cours. Soucieuses d'éviter l'écueil de l'exceptionnalisme national et du « communautarisme scientifique », nous en appelons toujours et encore au comparatisme.

Digitalization of healthcare opens up opportunities for applying new approaches to the organization of medical care, improving its quality, optimizing the use of healthcare resources. Digital twin is one of the new approaches, a virtual model of a physical object with dynamic bidirectional connections between a physical object and its corresponding twin in a digital environment. Digital twins allow to study, create and test new hypotheses, conduct experiments and research in silico. T h e a i m o f t h e s t u d y is to describe the existing Russian and foreign experience in the practical application of digital twins in the field of healthcare. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The literature review was conducted in Pubmed and Elibrary databases. Publications describing ethical and regulatory aspects, industrial, engineering or logistics applications were excluded. The articles have passed two rounds of peer review. R e s u l t s . Digital twins are used in clinical medicine to test new methods of treatment and the body’s response to them, to simulate the work of organs and tissues. The application of the technology for the development of precision therapy in cardiology, oncology, endocrinology, gastroenterology, orthodontic treatment, rehabilitation, intensive care is described. The digital twin can be used by health authorities to model patient behavior, predict the spread of the infectious process, the work of a medical institution and its structural units in order to optimize resources. C o n c l u s i o n s . The article provides an overview of technology and the main areas of application of digital twins for personalized medicine, public health and smart healthy cities. The prospects for using digital twins lie in the field of creating smart “healthy” cities and regions.

Goal. To evaluate the interim results of a pilot project on the organization of an independent unit of a city clinic that provides remote support to citizens – the Distant Consultation Center of the Government Autonomous Organization Healthcare “City Clinic No. 8” (hereinafter referred to as the DCC). M e t h o d s o f w o r k . To assess the effectiveness of the pilot project, a number of indicators of the work of the medical organization were analyzed before the start of the project and 12 months after the start of its implementation. The analysis was carried out in two way of work of the Distant Consultation Center: 1. the process of providing medical care to patients with acute respiratory viral infections / Influenza / COVID‑19; 2. the process of providing medicines to the Subsidized category of citizens. The volumes of work that can be transferred to the Distant Consultation Center from the department of primary care physicians care and from the emergency medical care are analyzed. The source of the data was the medical information system of the medical organization “URMO TO” (modules Registry, Control of realization, doctor’s ARM, Disability sheets, Additional processing). The period of work of the medical organization from 01.01.2022 to 31.12.2022 is analyzed. Statistical processing of the results was carried out using the Statistica 6.0 application software package. Distance consultation was carried out via IP telephony, as well as using specialized Telemedicine software. R e s u l t s o f t h e w o r k . Before the organization of the DCC, the median indicator of the actual workload per hour of the covid team was 2,5 [2,3–2,7] patients, p<0,07. While the doctor of DCC carried out an average of 56,9 [44–68] remote consultations, which is an average of 8,8 patients per hour, p< 0,07. The median value of patients for prescriptions for Subsidized medicines before the start of the project was 4 [3–6] patients per day (p<0,07), on average 22.2% time of the initial consultation falls on patients requiring a Subsidized medicine. The median value of applications for the purpose of providing Subsidized categories of citizens with medicines when discharged by a medical assistant at the DCC was 1 [0–3] (p<0,08). Thus, this section began to occupy 0,06% in the structure of reasons for the initial appointment to the primary care physician. C o n c l u s i o n s . The organization of the work of the DCC allowed us to develop approaches, approve and adapt them to the processes of filling out the schedule of primary care doctors in order to increase accessibility to the primary consultations of the primary care physician’s department. Scaling up the organizational model and processes of the Distance consultation center of the Municipal Polyclinic No. 8 can serve as an effective tool in achieving the goals announced within the framework of the pilot project of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation “Incident 38” launched in 2022. T h e s c o p e o f t h e r e s u l t s . The presented experience shows the possibility of managing patients with respiratory viral diseases in outpatient polyclinic conditions on an ongoing basis, as well as the telemedicine format of care can be extended and adapted to non-infectious nosologies.

Some lubok prints (cheap popular prints) of an entertaining nature feature characters with strange names. These names are neither variations based on Christian names, nor nicknames with a clear internal form. This article discusses a possible origin of the names Farnos, Gonos and Yeralash, their functioning in lubok prints and other texts. The name of the jester Farnos (Rus. Фарнос) is associated with the name of the commedia dell'arte character Gian Farina. The latter was known in Russia, in particular, thanks to the etchings by Jacques Callot. The widespread use of lubok prints with the image of Farnos led to this name becoming an appellative. The word фарнос /farnos/ is defined in the dictionary by Vladimir Dal as ‘an arrogant person, a proudling’. Another jester, Gonos (Rus. Гонос), probably does not have a foreign prototype. His name correlates with the words гоносúться /gono s i t ’ s y a ‘ → b o ∗ , → s h o w a r r o g a n c e , → f l a u n t ’ and г о н ó с н ы й g o � � � ’ � � � ‘ → � � ∗ , → � ℎ � � � � � � � � � � � , → � � � � � � ’ and г о н ó с н ы й � � nosnyj/ (‘proud, haughty’) presented in the Dictionary of Russian Folk Dialects. The name Yeralash (Rus. Ералаш) originates from the identical appellative. This word of Turkic origin was recorded in the 18th century and means ‘mess, nonsense’. In all the texts involving these buffoon characters, the functioning of the name is determined by a rhyme. Farnos and Gonos rhyme with the word нос /nos/ (‘nose’), the name Yeralash rhymes with the word наш /nash/ (‘our, ‘ours’). Phonetic consonance and false etymologization provide extensive material for language game and jokes.

P u r p o s e : to determine the features of the main anthropometric indicators of the physical development of students during their studies in the context of the COVID‑19 pandemic. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . Medical and sociological research was conducted among students of one of the Institutes of the Russian State University named after A. N. Kosygin (Technology. Design. Art). The continuous sample of students was 505 people. During the study, clinical, socio-hygienic, statistical, analytical methods were used. R e s u l t s . The proportion of persons from the continuous sample (n=505) with normal body mass index was 64.8%, the proportion with underweight indicators was 23.1%, with excess body weight indicators – 12.1%, respectively. The largest proportion of persons with indicators of body weight deficiency was observed in the age group of 18–19 years – 23.5%, the smallest – in the age group of 22–23 years – 12.1% (Р˂0.05). However, the reverse trend is observed in the number of overweight people – with age, their proportion in the respective groups increases: from 9.3% in the age group of 18–19 years old to 18.2% in the group of 22–23 years old (Р˂0.05). F i n d i n g s . As a result of the study, it was found that the majority of students have normal body mass index, their share is 64.8%; the proportion of people with deviations in physical development is high – 35.2%, and almost every fourth student has a lack of body weight (their share in the sample is 23.1%,), one in eight is overweight (their share in the sample is 12, one%); the average value of BMI among the contingent of students (median) corresponding to the standard value was revealed, however, its high scatter was determined, amounting to 23.01, which indicates the need to use more accurate methods for analyzing the assessment of physical development indicators, for example, the method using regression scales.

The article presents the history of the pedagogical activity of the Russian composer and pianist N. K. Medtner, whose 140th birthday is celebrated in 2020. The article presents new information about Medtner's first piano mentors, as well as about Medtner as a teacher, and his musical preferences. Based on archives of The Moscow State Conservatory, as well as on the memories of Medtner's students, a list of master's successors who studied in his class for approximately seven years during his teaching in Russia was revealed. The study of personal files of students of the first decade of the XXth century allows us to touch upon fundamental questions: what material was used for the pedagogical process of Medtner, whether he used his own compositions for teaching students in his class. Among classical composers Medtner chose for his class J. S. Bach, L. van Beethoven, R. Schumann, F. Chopin and F. Liszt. The Russian repertoire was represented by the works from M. A. Balakirev to A. N. Scriabin. Students often made requests to include their Professor's essays in their programs, which Medtner rarely granted. It is noted, that N. K. Medtner's teaching at The Moscow Conservatory and in private musical institutions in Moscow, did not complete his mentoring pedagogical activity, which continued later outside of Russia.

Abstract Since 1987 [1, 2, 3, 4, 5] the global jet engine community is facing the historical fact that jet engine steering is gradually replacing canards and the common, often dangerous and obsolete, aerodynamic-only flight control – a fact that (i) has already affected the defense-industrial complex in the US, Russia, China, Japan, S-Korea and India, (ii) has integrated the traditional jet-engine components R&D with advanced aero-electro-physics, stealth technology, thrust vectoring aerodynamics and material science. Moreover, this military revolution is historically due to expand into the civil transport jets domain, [6, 7, 8, 9]. The historical aim of the JES-Revolution remains the same: Replace the common, stall-spin sensitive canards [6] and Aerodynamic-Only-Obsolete-Flight Control (“AOOF Control”). Invented about 100 years ago for propeller-driven air vehicles, it has already been partially replaced for failure to function in WVR-combat post-stall domain, and for the following reasons: In comparison with complete Tail-Less, Canard-Less, Stealth-JES (Figure 5 and References [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]), the common AOOF Control increases drag, weight, fuel consumption, complexity, cost, and reduces flight safety, stealth, [Low Detectability] and provides zero post-stall, WVR air combat capability while its CANARDS KILL LD & REDUCE JES. Examples of stealth fighter aircraft that have already replaced canards and AOOF-Control where JES provides at least 64 to 0 KILL-RATIO advantage over AOOF-Controlled conventional fighter aircraft: The U.S. JES F-22 and, apparently, the Russian JES-Su-T-50 & 35S, China 2016-J-31, Indian HAL AMCA & FGFA, Japanese JES IHHI ATD-X, S-Korean JES KF-X. Cf. X-44 in Figure 5. Consequently, the jet engine is no longer defined as providing only brute force forward. Instead, it successfully competes with and wins over the wrong, dominating AOOF-Control, at least as a backup flight control whose sole factual domain is currently a well-established, primary flight controller RE any post-stall, super-agility, [2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9].

The main objectives in potato breeding are increasing yield abilities and improving resistance to numerous pathogens and pests. Among them, the late blight caused by the Phytophthora infestans oomycete is one of the most destructive potato diseases both in Russia and worldwide. Wild relatives of cultivated potato are traditionally used in breeding as the source of valuable R genes conferring resistance to pathogens. Of particular interest are Mexican wild species because Mexico is the centre of origin and diversity of P. infestans and at the same time, it is the centre of potato species diversity. Mexican wild potato species S. bulbocastanum and S. stoloniferum are an important source of the R genes conferring broad-spec trum resistance against various isolates of P. infestans (Rpi-blb1, Rpi-blb2, Rpi-sto1). Recently these genes have been transferred into cultivated potato gene pool using the cisgene approach. At the same time there is a high probability of finding geno types with the Rpi-sto1 gene (functional homologues of Rpi-blb1) among conventionally bred varieties because for about 40 years S. stoloniferum has been used in breeding as a source of the Rysto and Ry-fsto genes of the extreme resistance to the most important viral pathogen PVY. In this study 188 potato varieties bred in Russia and in near-abroad countries were screened for the presence of six gene-specific markers of the RB/Rpi-blb1 = Rpi-sto1 and Rpi-blb2 genes conferring broad-spectrum resistance against P. infestans, and for the markers linked to the Rysto and Ry-fsto genes conferring extreme resistance to PVY. In addition, a marker for detecting male sterile mitochondrial DNA type gamma derived from S. stoloniferum was used. The genotypes selected through the molecular markers were divided into four groups: (A) 13 PVY resistant varieties carrying diagnostic markers of the Rysto, Ry-fsto genes and having sterile mt-type gamma; (B) four varieties possessing mt-type gamma and not having the markers of the R genes introgressed from S. stoloniferum; (C) eight genotypes carrying five gene-specific markers for the RB/Rpi-blb1/= Rpi-sto1; (D) the rest 166 (86.9 %) varieties not possessing any of the diagnostic markers associated with the S. stoloniferum genetic material. The sequences of the Rpi-sto1- and BLB1 F/R-amplicons were identical in all the genotypes of group ‘C’ and showed respective 99 % and 100 % similarity to the corresponding fragments of the Rpi-sto1 and Rpi-blb1 genes from the GenBank database. Among the genotypes of group ‘C’ various mt-types were detected, and some of them were male fertile.

A c t u a l i t y . The role of “patient experience” in assessing quality of medical services is growing as a global trend to value-based healthcare. Currently, only 11% of the Russian population positively assess the quality of medical services. Federal law No. 256-FZ requires all public healthcare providers to conduct an independent assessment of the provision of services, but 44% of organizations do not have such assessment, that can be caused by methodological and organizational reasons. P u r p o s e o f t h e s t u d y to evaluate the prospects for digital improvement of measuring patient satisfaction using distributed ledger technology. To analyze the literature on the topic of independent assessment of the quality of services provided by medical organizations; to analyze modern approaches to assessing patient satisfaction with healthcare providers; to assess the opportunities of improving the processes and results of satisfaction assessment using distributed ledger technology. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . To achieve the purpose, the authors analyzed numerous relevant Russian and foreign sources of literature. Literature review was carried out across scientific libraries as eLIBRARY, PubMed by key words. The search in open sources in Google and Yandex was used. R e s u l t s . The complexity of “patient experience” measurement, biased assessment, ambiguity of the results obtained and the difficulty of correct interpretation require more transparent methods of measuring the value of healthcare. A decentralized platform based on distributed ledge technology may become one of the possible solutions to the problem of objective assessment of patients ‘ satisfaction with the quality of medical services. Such approach allows to form an objective dynamic multi-factor rating of processes and all other components of healthcare services. Conclusion. The existing mechanisms for independent assessment of the quality of medical services need to be improved. Confidence in the results of the patient satisfaction measurement is one of core requirement. To make managerial decision evidence-based, it is important to evaluate the processes and patient experience along with results of healthcare services. Distributed ledger technology implemented as a dynamic multi-factor rating platform can be a logical solution for improving the quality of services and could become a part of a comprehensive IT ecosystem based on value-based approach.

The purpose of the article is to analyze the existing ideas about Russian literature in Britain at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries. A brief overview of the advancement of works by Russian classics among British readers is given. The spread of Russian literature in Britain had been progressing slowly for a long time due to the difficulty in translation and the lack of interest in Russia and Russian culture. However, at the end of the 19th and the first half of the 20th centuries, the situation changed in the British literary community. This period saw a plethora of publications of translations of Russian fiction that were accomplished by professional translators, Slavonic scholars, and writers. These translations appeared in periodicals and other print formats. The article provides an overview of the translation of works of F. M. Dostoevsky, L. N. Tolstoy, A. P. Chekhov, who have become the most understandable and accessible to the English mentality. It happened thanks to such outstanding translators as C. Garnett, Aylmer and Louise Maude, S. S. Koteliansky (who worked in collaboration with V. Woolf, J. M. Murry), R. E. C. Long and others. Having gained access to high-quality translations of Russian classics, British writers began to study their works in greater detail. The British saw the influence of English and European writers (W. Shakespeare, Ch. Dickens, J.-J. Rousseau, J. W. Goethe, V. Hugo, etc.), e.g., in F. M. Dostoevsky’s works. However, later the Russian influence could also be felt in the Western novel, modifying it. There is an opinion that the works of A. P. Chekhov, translated by Garnett, changed the English short story, making it exactly as we know it. V. Woolf, J. Joyce, B. Shaw, J. Galsworthy, A. Bennett and others admired the depth, style, and language of Russian writers. Translation of works of great Russian authors facilitated the flow of information about Russia and expanded the Brit’s view on the country and its people. It once again confirms the existence of mutual cultural exchange between the two countries from a historical perspective. It can be argued that, despite all the complexities of the relationship, the mutual influence of the literatures of the two countries is quite significant.

Исследована адсорбция аниона серина на гладком Pt и Pt(Pt)-электроде. Методом кривых заряжения получены стационарные и кинетические изотермы адсорбции. Установлено, что как на гладком, так и Pt(Pt)-электроде, кинетика исследуемых процессов подчиняется уравнению Рогинского-Зельдовича, а стационарное заполнение описывается изотермой Темкина. При этом адсорбция аниона серина на Pt(Pt) сопровождается диссоциацией адсорбата. Найдены основные термодинамические характеристики (константа адсорбционного и изменение свободной энергии Гиббса) процесса адсорбции аниона серина на обоих электродах. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Damaskin B., Petrii A. O., and Batrakar V.Adsorption of Organic Compounds on Electrodes. Plenum Press, New York, 1973. Sobkowski J., Juzkiewics-Herbish M. Metall/Solution Interface: an Experimental Approach, Modern Aspects of Electrochemistry, no. 31. Eds. by J. O¢ Bockris, R. E. White and B. E. Conway. Plenum Press, New York, London, 1997, p. 1. Frumkin A. N. 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F. M. Dostoevsky is one of the most prominent figures in the history of world culture and literature, whose work has had a strong influence on writers from different countries. The article examines the reception of F. M. Dostoevsky’s creative heritage in Turkish literature of the 20th and 21s centuries. The main translations of his works into Turkish from the 1920s to the present are noted, Turkish translators and researchers who studied the work of the Russian writer are named. The article provides an overview of the works of leading Turkish writers (P. Safa, S. Ali, A. H. Tanpinar, S. Agaoglu, D. Ozlu, V. O. Bener, B. Karasu, O. Atay, R. Ozdenoren, O. Pamuk, L. Tekin, M. Mungan, etc.) that reflect the ideas and images of F. M. Dostoevsky. The influence of his novels on Turkish literature was reflected in the similarity of themes, problems, ideas, motifs, images, narrative style, ways of depicting reality in the works of Turkish writers, especially at the level of artistic insight into tragic life collisions, universal values, human mental life, features and motifs of his behavior, as well as in the development of the novel as a genre. Master’s and doctoral dissertations of Turkish researchers, scientific articles, monographs, publications in journals, interviews with Turkish writers were used as sources of research.

The heads of regional executive authorities in the sphere of health protection are key figures in the realization of the Russian Federation’s healthcare development strategy. Without qualified managers, it is difficult to achieve national goals and objectives of federal projects. The study of the qualifications, professional experience, and skills of the high leaders of regional health systems allows the evaluation of top personnel’s human potential and the successful implementation of steps to increase the efficiency of its administration. T h e a i m o f t h e s t u d y was to give a detailed information about regional health authorities managers in Russian Federation. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . A single-stage, continuous sociological study was planned and carried out using a specially developed questionnaire, which included a characterization of the accounting characteristics of participants’ age and demographic characteristic, level of basic and additional education, availability of professional competencies, and work experience in managerial positions. R e s u l t s . We achieved a response from 85 respondents. It was found that, as compared to 2021, there was a slowdown inside the process of rotation of regional ministers’ personnel and an increase in the degree of professional qualifications of managers in 2022. These trends were reflected in the increase in the average length of service in the position of regional minister (2021 2,1±1,9 years; 2022 2,6±2,5 years), the doubling of the number of managers with work experience of up to one year (2021 n = 42; 2022 n = 21), and the decrease in the number of managers with work experience of up to one year (2021 n = 42; 2022 n = 21). C o n c l u s i o n . The research allows for an assessment of the dynamics of changes in regional health care systems in terms of managerial human resources from 2021 to 2022. Positive declining trends in 2022 have been identified. The pace of rotation of regional ministers’ staff adds to the development of leaders’ professional abilities and experience and, eventually, will be the key to accomplishing strategic goals in health care.

ABSTRACT In 1997, the Russian tanker Nakhodka, weighing 13,157 tons, sank off in the Japan Sea reportedly causing an oil spill. The oil spill had a serious impact on the shoreline environment. The purpose of this poster is to present a method to estimate the number of workers needed to clean the shoreline with maximum efficiency and minimum redundancy. In this study the parameters of manual oil removal are estimated and the framework in which those parameters work is explained. The results show that the amount of oil removed in a day correlates with the cumulative amount of oil removed up to that day and the number of people engaged in cleaning up on that day. The equation predicting the amount of oil is: S = 13.4827 E − 0.03874 C + 38458.1525 R2 = 0.918, F (2,34) = 192.28,p&lt;0.01where S = the amount of oil removed in a day (liter), E = the number of people engaged in cleaning up on that day, C = the cumulative amount of oil removed up to that day (liter), R = correlation coefficient, F = degree of freedom. With this equation, the total amount of stranded oil that can be collected on a certain day and the number of people necessary to remove the spilled oil at the most efficient rate can be estimated. One can also calculate the optimal number of workers for the task.

Методом импедансной спектроскопии исследованы протонпроводящие свойства полисурьмяной кислоты (ПСК), допированной ионами ванадия. Для твердых растворов состава H2Sb2–xVxO6·nH2O, кристаллизующихся в структурном типе пирохлора (пр. гр. симм. Fd3m), показано, что увеличение количества ванадия в образце приводит к росту удельной протонной проводимости, которая для крайнего твердого раствора замещения H2Sb1.52V0.48O6·nH2O составляет 66 мСм/м. Из анализа данных диэлектрической спектроскопии при температурах 218–298 К определена энергия активации проводимости, которая составила 30±2 КДж/моль. Предложен механизм протонного транспорта, согласно которому в допированных ионами ванадия ПСК проводимость осуществляется посистеме водородных связей, образованных молекулами воды, расположенными в гексагональных каналах структуры типа пирохлора, и анионами кислорода октаэдра, формирующего каркас структуры REFERENCES Stenina I. A., Yaroslavtsev A. B. 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The article continues a series of works devoted to the Russian reception of the Scottish writer James Hogg (1770–1835), a famous interpreter of folk ballads and author of The Private Memoirs and Confessions of a Justified Sinner (1824). Facts and materials related to the perception of J. Hogg in Russia in Soviet times are collected and summarized. It is indicated that during the period under review, in the studies of Russian literary scholars, separate judgments were made on the traditions of R. Burns in the works of J. Hogg, the role of W. Scott in his fate, etc. The Russian translations of the works of the English and American classics (in particular, J. G. Byron, E. A. Poe, J. F. Cooper) that appeared in the Soviet era, which contained references to the Scottish poet, are noted. The publications, which included information about J. Hogg, are comprehended, with special attention paid to S. Ya. Marshak’s epigram “Inscription on the Stone” mentioning J. Hogg’s name, the research of M. P. Alekseev, B. G. Reizov, R. M. Samarin and etc. The scientific works of A. D. Ivanova, first of all her Ph.D. thesis “The originality of the artistic work of James Hogg” (1990), which contributed, along with the changes in social life that occurred at the turn of the J. Hogg, the emergence of new translations of his works are analyzed.

Представлены методики экспериментов для изучения переохлажденной воды с использованием микроволновой спектроскопии. Одна методика связана с получением глубокого переохлаждения воды в порах силикатного материала, другая основана на получении аморфного состояния в образце пресного льда при его пластической деформации. Показаны возможности методик при изучении свойств переохлажденной воды. При атмосферном давлении и температуре –45 °С (на линии Видома) был определен интервал температур, в котором наблюдаются аномалии микроволновых потерь переохлажденной воды, находящейся в порах силикагеля. При пластической деформации поликристаллического льда наблюдали минимум фактора потерь в микроволновом диапазоне на линии Видома. ЛИТЕРАТУРА Chaplin M. Water Structure and Science. URL: http://www.lsbu.ac.uk/water/chaplin.html (accessed 18 January 2019). Mishima O. Journal of Chemical Physics, 2010, vol. 133, no. 14, p. 144503/6. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3487999 Xu L., Kumar P., Buldyrev S. V., Chen S.-H., Poole P. H., Sciortino F., Stanley H. E. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2005, vol. 102, iss. 46, p. 16558-16562. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0507870102 Franzese G., Stanley Н. E. Journal of Physics Condensed Matter, 2007, vol. 19, p. 205126/1-16. https://doi.org/10.1088/0953-8984/19/20/205126 Sellberg J. A., Huang C., McQueen T. A., Loh N. D., Laksmono H., Schlesinger D., Sierra R. G., Nordlund D., Hampton C. Y., Starodub D., Deponte D. P., Beye M., Chen C., Martin A. V., Barty A., Wikfeldt K. T., Weiss T. M., Caronna C., Feldkamp J., Skinner L. B., Seibert M. M., Messerschmidt M., Williams G. J., Boutet S., Pettersson L. G. M., Bogan M. J., Nilsson A. Nature, 2014, vol. 510, no. 7505, pp. 381-384. https://doi.org/10.1038/nature13266 Bordonskiy G. S., Krylov S. D. Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, vol. 86, iss. 11, pp. 1682-1688. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024412110064 Bordonskiy G. S., Gurulev A. A., Krylov S. D., Sigachev N. P., Schegrina K. A. Condensed Matter and Interphases, 2016, vol. 18, no. 3, pp. 304-311. https://journals.vsu.ru/kcmf/article/view/138/96 (in Russ.) Castrillón S. R.-V., Giovambattista N., Aksay U. A., Debenedetti P. G. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2009, vol. 113, iss. 23, pp. 7973-7976. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp9025392 Cerveny S., Mallamace F., Swenson J., Vogel M., Xu L. Chemical Reviews, 2016, vol. 116, iss. 13, pp. 7608-7625. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.chemrev.5b00609 Gallo P., Rovere M., Chen S.-H. Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters, 2010, vol. 1, iss. 4, pp. 729-733. https://doi.org/10.1021/jz9003125 Menshikov L. I., Menshikov P. L., Fedichev P. O. Journal of Experimental and Theoretical Physics, vol. 125, iss. 6, pp. 1173-1188. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063776117120056 Bordonskii G. S., Gurulev A. A., Krylov S. D. Journal of Communications Technology and Electronics, 59, iss. 6, pp. 536-540. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1064226914060060 Bordonskii G. S., Krylov S. D. Technical Physics Letters, vol. 43, iss. 11, pp. 983-986. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063785017110025 Silonov V. M., Chubarov V. V. Journal of Surface Investigation, 2016, vol. 10, iss. 4, pp. 883-886. DOI: 10.1134/S1027451016030356 Bordonskii G. S., Gurulev A. A. Technical Physics Letters, vol. 43, iss. 4, pp. 380-382. https://doi.org/10.1134/s1063785017040174 Landau L. D., Lifshic E. M. Teoreticheskaya fizika. Tom. 5. Statisticheskaya fizika. CHast' 1. M.: Fizmatlit Publ., 2002, 616 p. (in Russ.). Orlov A. O. Vestnik Zabajkal'skogo gosudarstvennogo universiteta, 2016, vol. 22, no. 8, pp. 14-20. (in Russ.) Nagoe A., Kanke Y., Oguni M., Namba S. Journal of Physical Chemistry B, 2010, vol. 114, iss. 44, pp. 13940-13943. https://doi.org/10.1021/jp104970s Zuev L. B. Fiz. Met., 2015, vol. 16, no. 1, pp. 35–60. (in Russ.).

This article is devoted to the presentation of the views of foreign philosophers on the problem of spiritual identity and national identity of Russia. The factors that influenced the formation of the worldview of thinkers, historical conditions, as well as identified theoretical, conceptual sources of authors, representatives of foreign philosophy are characterized. The concepts of spiritual identity and national identity of Russia in the works of foreign philosophers are analyzed.The works of the most famous contemporary foreign authors, who primarily develop socio-philosophical and philosophical-political aspects of the Russian national identity, are examined: Z. Brzezinski, R. Pipes, J. P. Scanlan, A. Toynbee, F. Fukuyama, S. Huntington.An analysis of the concepts of Western philosophical Russian studies shows that the key tendency of modern foreign doctrines about Russia is a fundamental refusal to reveal the moment of universality of the idea of Russia. The very need for philosophy, i.e. in the logic and dialectics of the history of Russia is considered not from the standpoint of the reasonable necessity of the concept, but from the point of view of the abstract rational randomness of the empirical phenomena of the historical existence of Russian society and state. The author comes to the conclusion that all the special concepts of the idea of Russia contain a dialectical contradiction and can remove it only in its own logical selfdenial. The latter should become the beginning of a reasonable and integral paradigm of the philosophical understanding of Russia in world history.

Бинарные и сложные халькогениды с тетрадимитоподобной слоистой структурой представляют большой практический интерес как топологические изоляторы, термоэлектрические и оптоэлектронные материалы. Их фундаментальные термодинамические функции в совокупности с фазовыми диаграммами важны для разработки и оптимизации методов синтеза и выращивания кристаллов. В работе представлены результаты термодинамического исследования исходных соединений и твердых растворов системы Bi2Se3-Bi2Te3 методом электродвижущих сил (ЭДС). Различные модификации этого метода широко применяются для исследования бинарных и сложных халькогенидов металлов. Исследования проводили измерением ЭДС концентрационных цепей типа:(–) Bi (тв.) | ионная жидкость + Bi3+ | Bi в сплаве (тв.) (+) в интервале температур 300-450 K.В качестве правых электродов были использованы предварительно синтезированные равновесные сплавы Bi2Se3–хTex (х = 0; 0.6; 1.2; 1.8; 2.0; 2.4; 3.0) с 0.5 ат. % избытком теллура. В качестве электролита использовали ионную жидкость (формиат морфолина) с добавлением BiCl3.Полученные экспериментальные данные обработаны с помощью компьютерной программы «Microsoft Office Excel 2003» методом наименьших квадратов и получены линейные уравнения типа E = a + bT. Из полученных уравнений температурных зависимостей ЭДС рассчитаны относительные парциальные молярные функции висмута в сплавах. На основании диаграммы твердофазных равновесий системы Bi–Se–Te были определены уравнения потенциалобразующих реакций, с использованием которых вычислены стандартные термодинамические функцииобразования и стандартные энтропии соединений Bi2Se3, Bi2Te3 и твердых растворов Bi2Se3–xTex вышеуказанных составов. Также вычислены термодинамические функции образования твердых растворов Bi2Se3–xTex из исходных бинарных соединений. Полученные результаты хорошо коррелируют со структурными данными о том, что в кристаллической решетке b-фазы состава Bi2SeTe2 в расположении атомов селена и теллура наблюдается некоторая упорядоченность – атомы селена преимущественно занимают центральный слой пятислойника, а атомы теллура – два внешних слоя. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Rowe D. M. Thermoelectrics Handbook: Macro toNano. Boca Raton, FL, USA: CRC Press, Taylor & FrancisGroup; 2006. 1008 р.2. Шевельков А. В. Химические аспекты созда-ния термоэлектрических материалов. Успехи химии.2008;77(1): 3–21. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1070/rc2008v077n01abeh0037463. Adam A. M., Lilov E., Ibrahim E. M. M., Petkov P.,Panina L. V., Darwish M. A. Correlation of structuraland optical properties in as-prepared and annealedBi2Se3 thin films. Journal of Materials Processing Technology.2019;264: 76–83. DOI: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jmatprotec.2018.09.0054. Wang Q., Wu X., Wu L., Xiang Y. 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This article deals with the problems of research in national science of the dynamics of grain yields in European Russia between the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries. For the purpose of the article, the author refers to crop statistics. Disputes about their reliability have been going on for about two hundred years, however, no irrefutable evidence of their unreliability has been presented. This is also true about the discussion of the early twenty-first century, where the source was criticised by B. N. Mironov and M. A. Davydov, and their opponents were S. A. Nefedov, A. V. Ostrovsky, and I. A. Kuznetsov. Interest in the dynamics of productivity emerged in the late nineteenth century. The focus of attention was the question of whether there was an increase in productivity in the period under review or not. At the turn of the twentieth century, A. F. Fortunatov and R. I. Preger maintained that productivity had increased, and I. Kh. Ozerov argued that it had not. In the 1920s, three views on the character of yield dynamics formed. V. G. Mikhailovsky and M. I. Semenov talked about a growth in yield combined with cyclical and random fluctuations. F. Cherevanin wrote that the yield in European Russia changed exclusively cyclically. V. M. Obukhov and A. L. Weinstein argued that grain yields grew, obscured by random fluctuations, in the absence of a cyclical component. It was the third point of view that prevailed with B. S. Yastremsky, A. S. Nifontov, A. V. Ostrovsky, V. G. Rastyannikov, and I. V. Deryugina following it. Only N. O. Voskresenskaya questioned the widespread increase in productivity. However, the previously used research methods (interval enlargement, correlation-regression analysis) are imperfect, and therefore the findings require rechecking using methods that are not in demand by national science for the analysis of crop statistics (hypothesis of the averages, Foster — Stewart method), which will help to better understand the nature grain yield dynamics in European Russia in the nineteenth and early twentieth centuries.

Liefbroer A.C., A.-R. Poortman, J.A. Seltzer. Why do intimate partners live apart? Evidence on LAT relationships across EuropeVitali A., F.C. Billari. Changing determinants of low fertility and diffusion: a spatial analysis for ItalyGrigoriev P., E.M. Andreev. The huge reduction in adult male mortality in Belarus and Russia: is it attributable to anti-alcohol measures?Scherbov S., D. Ediev. Does selection of mortality model make a difference in projecting population ageing?Tamborini C.R., C. Kim, A. Sakamoto. Education and lifetime earnings in the United StatesMarshall E.A. Population projections and demographic knowledge in France and Great Britain in the postwar periodMatsudaira J.D. Economic conditions and the living arrangements of young adults: 1960 to 2011Janssen F., V. Rousson, F. Paccaud. The role of smoking in changes in the survival curve: an empirical study in 10 European countriesJanssen F., F. van Poppel. The adoption of smoking and its effect on the mortality gender gap in Netherlands: A historical perspectiveVan Raalte A.A., M. Myrskylä, P. Martikainen. The role of smoking on mortality compression: An analysis of Finnish occupational social classes, 1971-2010Kelly L.A., S.H. Preston. The contribution of a history of heavy smoking to Scotland’s mortality disadvantage

Представлены результаты моделирования пространственной структуры и электронных свойств кластеров MeGe16 - и MeGe20 - (Me = Sc, Y, Lu). Рассматривается возможность синтеза пуллереноподобных кластеров и кластеров с другими типами замкнутых структур. Проведены сравнительные расчеты в рамках теории функционала плотности с использованием базиса SDD и трех различных потенциалов – B3LYP, B3PW91 и PBEPBE. Анализируется влияние выбора потенциала на результаты моделирования пространственной структуры кластеров и их электронного спектра. Оценка адекватности теоретических методов проводится путем сравнения рассчитанных электронных спектров с экспериментальными результатами по фотоэлектронной спектроскопии кластеров. REFERENCES Kroto H. W., Heath J. R., O’Brien S. C., Curl R. F., Smalley R. E. C60: Buckminsterfullerene. Nature, 1985, v. 318, pp. 162-163. https://doi.org/10.1038/318162a0 Hiura H., Miyazaki, Kanayama T. Formation of Metal-Encapsulating Si Cage Clusters. Phys. Rev. Lett., 2001, v. 86, p. 1733. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRev-Lett.86.1733 Wang J., Han J. Geometries, stabilities, and electronic properties of different-sized ZrSin (n=1–16) clusters: A density-functional investigation. Chem. Phys., 2005, v. 123(6), pp. 064306–064321. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.1998887 Guo L.-J., Liu X., Zhao G.-F. Computational investigation of TiSin (n=2–15) clusters by the densityfunctional theory. Chem. Phys., 2007, v. 126(23), pp. 234704–234710. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.2743412 Li J., Wang G., Yao C., Mu Y., Wan J., Han M. Structures and magnetic properties of SinMn (n=1–15) clusters. Chem. Phys., 2009, v. 130(16), pp. 164514–164522. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.3123805 Borshch N. A., Berestnev K. S., Pereslavtseva N. S., Kurganskii S. I. Geometric structure and electron spectrum of YSi n− clusters (n = 6–17) Physics of the Solid State, 2014, v. 56(6), pp. 1276–1281. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783414060080 Borshch N., Kurganskii S. Geometric structure, electron-energy spectrum, and growth of anionic scandium-silicon clusters ScSin- (n = 6–20). Appl. Phys., 2014, v. 116(12), pp. 124302-1 – 124302-8. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4896528 Borshch N. A., Pereslavtseva N. S., Kurganskii S. I. Spatial structure and electronic spectrum of TiSi n - Clusters (n = 6–18). Russian Journal of Physical Chemistry A, v. 88(10), pp. 1712–1718. https://doi.org/10.1134/S0036024414100070 Borshch N. A., Pereslavtseva N. S., Kurganskii S. I. Spatial and electronic structures of the germanium-tantalum clusters TaGe n − (n = 8–17). Physics of the Solid State, 2014, vol. 56(11), pp. 2336–2342. https://doi.org/10.1134/S1063783414110055 Huang X., Yang J. Probing structure, thermochemistry, electron affi nity, and magnetic moment of thulium-doped silicon clusters TmSi n (n = 3–10) and their anions with density functional theory. Mol. Model., 2018, v. 24(1), p. 29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-017-3566-7 Zhang, Y., Yang, J., Cheng, L. J. Probing Structure, Thermochemistry, Electron Affi nity and Magnetic Moment of Erbium-Doped Silicon Clusters ErSin (n = 3–10) and Their Anions with Density Functional Theory. Sci., 2018, v. 29(2), pp. 301–311. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10876-018-1336-z Ye T., Luo C., Xu B., Zhang S., Song H., Li G. Probing the geometries and electronic properties of charged Zr2Si n q (n = 1–12, q = ±1) clusters. Chem., 2018, v. 29(1), pp. 139–146. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11224-17-1011-2 Nguyen M.T., Tran Q. T., Tran V.T. A CASSCF/ CASPT2 investigation on electron detachments from ScSi n − (n = 4–6) clusters. Mol. Model., 2017, v. 23(10), p. 282. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00894-017-3461-2 Liu Y., Jucai Yang J., Cheng L. Structural Stability and Evolution of Scandium-Doped Silicon Clusters: Evolution of Linked to Encapsulated Structures and Its Infl uence on the Prediction of Electron Affi nities for ScSin (n = 4–16) Clusters. Chem., 2018, v. 57(20), pp 12934–12940. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b02159

The article attempts a comprehensive interdisciplinary consideration of the key aspects of modern italian fashion as a unique sociocultural phenomenon. Regional differences inherent in the fashion of Northern and Southern Italy are noted. The article analyzes the origins of the aesthetic and ideological choice of outstanding fashion designers: D. Armani, D. Versace, R. Cavalli, D. Dolce and S. Gabbana, F. Ragazzi, etc.; special attention is paid to such qualities of their unique heritage as hard work, constant creative search, synthesis of traditions and innovations, «philosophy of perfectionism», productive use of the latest technologies and information communications. The main reasons for the high popularity of italian fashion in modern Russia are considered; conclusions are drawn about its significance for the world cultural and artistic heritage.

In order to provide effective medical care to patients with COVID-19 in hospitals, the disease outcome prognosis is of considerable importance. The authors of the study suggested a relationship between health-related quality of life indicators and the outcomes of the disease of patients hospitalized because of COVID-19. P u r p o s e . Retrospective study of the relationship between health-related quality of life in patients with COVID-19 on the first day of hospitalization with the outcomes of the disease in a hospital and at the stages of rehabilitation up to 180 days following the discharge to predict outcomes at the early stages of the disease. M a t e r i a l s a n d m e t h o d s . The study was conducted at the “Kommunarka” Moscow Multidisciplinary Clinical Center of the Moscow City Health Department from March 2021 to April 2022. Data collection was carried out using a paper-and-pencil Russian version of the EQ-5D-5L questionnaire (Tracking Number: 41183), on the first day of admission of patients to the hospital. Additional patient data was extracted from electronic health records. Two types of EQ-5D-5L questionnaire results were evaluated: Index EQ and the Visual Analog scale (VAS) EQ. All calculations of the regression model were carried out using the R 4.2.1 language in the RStudio 2022.02.3 Build 492 software environment. F i n d i n g s . In the obtained logistic regression model, the extremely high statistical significance of the variable “Index EQ” (p<0.01) was demonstrated, the greater the value of the variable “Index EQ” is, the less the probability of a fatal outcome is. At the same time, there is no statistically significant relationship between the variable VAS EQ under study and the probability of a fatal outcome. C o n c l u s i o n s . An extremely significant relationship between the calculated health-related quality of life index, Index EQ, and outcomes of COVID-19 when patients were admitted to the hospital was revealed, which makes it possible to use it as a predictor of disease outcomes at early stages. No significant relationship between the VAS EQ and the outcomes of the disease in patients with COVID-19 on the first day of hospitalization was revealed, which makes it impossible to use it as a predictor of disease outcomes at the early stages. Application of the health-related quality of life index, Index EQ can be used to make medical decisions in order to early predict tactics of patient management in hospital treatment and rehabilitation.

[For the English abstract and full text of the article please see the attached PDF-File (English version follows Russian version)].ABSTRACT At the example of a business unit «Passenger transportation» interdependent objectives of Russian Railways holding in respect of improving q u a l i t y o f customer s e r v i c e based on standardization of services are represented. Three matrices of management systems are shown. They describe passenger transportation, services of station complex, information and preparation for a trip. The purposes of international and federal standards, own regulatory framework of Russian Railways, approaches to systematic assessment of quality of services are commented. The latter defines, according to the authors, the selection by a potential customer of a priority mode of transport. Keywords: railway, passenger transportation, standards, quality of service, quality management system, consumer demand, client, service matrix.

The random first order transition theory (RFOT) describing the transition from a supercooled liquid to an ideal glass has been actively developed over the last twenty years. This theory is formulated in a way that allows a description of the transition from the initial equilibrium state to the final metastable state without considering any kinetic processes. The RFOT and its applications for real molecular systems (multicomponent liquids with various intermolecular potentials, gel systems, etc.) are widely represented in English-language sources. However, these studies are practically not described in any Russian sources. This paper presents an overview of the studies carried out in this field. REFERENCES 1. Sanditov D. S., Ojovan M. I. Relaxation aspectsof the liquid—glass transition. Uspekhi FizicheskihNauk. 2019;189(2): 113–133. DOI: https://doi.org/10.3367/ufnr.2018.04.0383192. Tsydypov Sh. B., Parfenov A. N., Sanditov D. S.,Agrafonov Yu. V., Nesterov A. S. 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J u s t i f i c a t i o n : the Current demographic situation in the country and statistical forecasts indicate an increase in the number of elderly and senile people in the total population. In most regions of Russia, the proportion of people over 75 years of age ranges from 15 to 19% of the total population of the region. According to demographers, by 2020, every fifth Russian will be over 60 years old. Patients of older age groups, on average, make up 25–30% of those who seek medical care in outpatient clinics. The level of their hospitalization and emergency medical treatment is 5 times higher than that of the rest of the population combined. O b j e c t i v e : to Substantiate and develop the principles of step-by-step rehabilitation treatment of patients after hip replacement, to develop differentiated rehabilitation complexes at the sanatorium-resort stage, depending on the timing of referral after surgical treatment, its features, age and concomitant pathology of patients. M e t h o d s : General clinical, orthopedic, goniometric, biomechanical: support reactions, dynamometric, stabilographic; functional tests and tests, questionnaires, statistical. R e s u l t s : change curve of the reference reactions, namely the reduction in force characteristics of front and rear shocks 34,6% and 37,0%, improving the power characteristics bestolkovoe period by 12,4%, and the total time of support in 2 times; decrease in the force characteristics of muscle in 2,5 times the power mm. abductor 65,2%, mm. adductor 59,6%, mm. extensor at 76,7 percent, mm. rec. femoris by 20,0%; displacement of the projection of the General center of gravity back and towards the intact limb; reduction of the volume of movements in the hip joint by 1,7 times; reduced walking speed by 1,8 times, the quality of life of patients and daily functions, which justifies the need for rehabilitation measures. C o n c l u s i o n : a basic rehabilitation complex was developed for patients after hip replacement at the early postoperative stage, which included the following activities: kinesotherapy-therapeutic gymnastics, therapeutic dosed walking with additional support, mechanical therapy, Cycling, hydrokinesotherapy, orthopedic regimen; physiotherapy.

Интерес к изучению систем, содержащих сульфиды формулой АIВIIIСVI2, обусловлен, прежде всего, открывающимися возможностями их практического использования в изготовлении нелинейных оптических приборов, детекторов, солнечных батарей, фотодиодов, люминофоров и др. Поэтому в связи с поиском новых перспективных материаловна основе тиогаллата серебра и железа целью этой работы является исследование квазибинарного разреза FeGa2S4–AgGaS2 четырехкомпонентной системы Fe–Ag–Ga–S.Синтез сплавов системы AgGaS2–FeGa2S4 проводили из лигатур с использованием высокой чистоты: железа – 99.995 %, галлия – 99.999 %, серебра – 99.99 % и серы – 99.99 %. Исследование сплавов проводили методами дифференциально-термического, рентгенофазового, микроструктурного анализов, а также измерением микротвердости и определениемплотности.Методами физико-химического анализа впервые изучена и построена Т-x фазовая диаграмма разреза AgGaS2–FeGa2S4, который является внутренним сечением квазитройной системы FeS–Ga2S3–Ag2S. Установлено, что система относится к простому эвтектическому типу. Состав эвтектической точки: 56 мол. % FeGa2S4 и Т = 1100 К. На основе исходных компонентов были определены области твердых растворов. Растворимость на основе FeGa2S4 и AgGaS2 при эвтектической температуре достигает до 10 и 16 мол. % соответственно. С уменьшением температуры твердые растворы сужаются и при комнатной температуре составляют на основе тиогаллата железа (FeGa2S4) 4 мол. % AgGaS2,а на основе тиогаллата серебра (AgGaS2) 11 мол. % FeGa2S4. ЛИТЕРАТУРА 1. Zhаo B., Zhu S., Li Z., Yu F., Zhu X., Gao D. Growth of AgGaS2 single crystal by descending cruciblewith rotation method and observation of properties. Chinese Sci. Bull. 2001; 46(23): 2009–2013. DOI:https://doi.org/10.1007/BF029019182. Горюнова Н. А. Сложные алмазоподобные полупроводники. М.: Сов. радио; 1968. 215 с.3. Абрикосов Н. Х., Шелимова Л. Е. Полупроводниковые материалы на основе соединений АIVBVI..М.:Наука; 1975. 195 с.4. Kushwaha A. 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The subject of the study is to identify the peculiarities in solving the plots of church painting of individual representatives of the religious-national trend of the turn of the XIX - XX centuries. The purpose is to show the development of national trends of Russian monumental church art by the founders of the religious-national trend on the examples of the work of V. M.Vasnetsov, M. V. Nesterov, M.A. Vrubel and artists M. M. Vasiliev, A. P. Blaznov, L. A. Pyanovsky, K. S. Petrov-Vodkin, F. R. Raylian, to identify similarities and differences in the manner and in the transmission of images and compositions, as well as to substantiate the significance of these differences for art history. The basis of art criticism research is the formal stylistic method of G. Velflin, the iconographic method of N. P. Kondakov, the iconological method of E. Panofsky; the method of phenomenological analysis of the aesthetic perception of the artistic work of V. V. Bychkov and G. K. Wagner. Comparative analysis of murals by artists M. M. Vasiliev, A. P. Blaznov, L. A. Pyanovsky, F. R. Raylian, K. S. Petrov-Vodkin in comparison with the work of representatives of the "Vasnetsov school" allowed us to see the development of the national style in art, from an abstract-figurative understanding to a conscious spiritual-symbolic interpretation of church painting of the Middle Ages and pre-Petrine Russia as an integral artistic phenomenon of the religious-national trend. The practical significance of the study lies in the fact that the example of the artists of the "Vasiliev circle" revealed a kind of overcoming of one of the main problems of the iconographic image, which consists in maintaining a delicate balance of life-likeness and ideality. In their works, in the context of interpretation, the measure of realism of the image is traced, in which the spiritual content can be embodied in a material form without losing its sacred content, which is a valuable example for modern artists who set themselves the task of creating images without copying, but remaining in the canon.

This paper compares the processes of rediscovering identity in autobiographical memory and media discourses of Russian-Germans living in Germany and in Russia. According to R. Brubaker, the Russian-Germans are viewed as a transnational group with a specific “hybrid identity”, whose identification varies depending on the cultural project, which they are involved in. In Germany and Russia, the boundaries of this identification are the politics of memory of the host society and the dominant narratives regarding this group as repatriates (Germany) and as a diaspora with its own culture (Russia). Our analysis, which was based on the methodology of the critical discourse analysis by S. Jäger, revealed that such a dominant narrative in Germany is the “narrative of return”. In Russia, however, there are two discursive threads: the image of Russian-Germans as a repressed group and the narrative about the outstanding role of Russian-Germans in the history of Russia. The curves of autobiographical and family narratives of the three generations of Russian-Germans in Russia and Germany were analyzed and compared according to the biographical method of F. Schütze. People aged 30–50 were the most open to the influence of collective “standardized” narratives both in Germany and in Russia. Despite the fact of living in Russia, those respondents who were preparing to repatriate to Germany actively reproduced the “return narrative” and used international mnemonic frameworks to structure their autobiographical and family story. Our study showed that the influence of the discursive media environment on the autobiographical and family memory of Russian-Germans living in Germany and Russia depends on the respondent’s individual life experience (the curve of their biography), age, and some peculiarities of their family history.