Rozprawy doktorskie: „Russian immigration”

1

Schenk, Caress Rene. "A Typical Country of Immigration? The Russian Immigration Regime in Comparative Perspective". Oxford, Ohio : Miami University, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=miami1274997400.

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Purdy, Daniel M. "Russia’s 2012 Concept of Migration Policy:Are Chinese immigrants a solution to the Russian Far East’s demographic problems?" The Ohio State University, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1366104317.

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Kulyasova, Angelika. "Effects of immigration on Russian women narrative stories about their own experiences /". Menomonie, WI : University of Wisconsin--Stout, 2006. http://www.uwstout.edu/lib/thesis/2006/2006kulyasovaa.pdf.

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Messina, Claire. "My address is the Soviet Union : Russian migration, nationalization and identity in the Russian, Soviet and post-soviet space". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2005. http://www.theses.fr/2005IEPP0003.

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Cette thèse se propose d'éclairer les liens existant entre les mouvements migratoires des populations russes des républiques soviétiques et post-soviétiques et le processus de nationalisation dans ces républiques. On s'interroge tout particulièrement sur les raisons de l'inversion de tendance des mouvements migratoires russes, centrifuges au milieu du XVIe siècle jusqu'au milieu de la décennie 1970-1970, centripètes ensuite. Selon l'auteur, cette inversion s'explique par le fait que le processus de nationalisation des républiques, commencé dès le XIXe siècle, atteint un point de rupture dans le dernier tiers du XXe siècle. La réflexion sur l'identité des migrants russes développe l'idée que ces derniers n'ont pas une identité ethnique, russe, mais une identité supra-ethnique, soviétique, qui fait d'eux les prototypes de l'homme soviétique.

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Yugova, Ksenia. "MIGRATION POLICY OF THE RUSSIAN FEDERATION". Master's thesis, Vysoká škola ekonomická v Praze, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-125224.

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The Master's thesis investigates a range of problems of migration policy of the Russian Federation. The main goal of the thesis is to identify causes, that underlay inefficiency of implemented measures in migration field; and to develop recommendations to make the Russian migration policy more efficient. A work solution process is based on the hypothesis that goals and tools of the Russian migration policy are not enough consecutive and effective, therefore the whole system requires revision and alteration. The theoretical part discloses the impact of migration on a national economy and provides considerations about how to create an efficient migration policy. The practical part focuses on analysis of Russian immigration, emigration and internal-migration policies. This part completes with author's proposals how to improve Russian migration policy. Research is conducted using the method of description, relation and qualitative analysis and prediction method.

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Protopopov, Michael Alex, i res cand@acu edu au. "The Russian Orthodox Presence In Australia: The History of a Church told from recently opened archives and previously unpublished sources". Australian Catholic University. School of Philosophy and Theology, 2005. http://dlibrary.acu.edu.au/digitaltheses/public/adt-acuvp87.09042006.

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The Russian Orthodox community is a relatively small and little known group in Australian society, however, the history of the Russian presence in Australia goes back to 1809. As the Russian community includes a number of groups, both Christian and non-Christian, it would not be feasible to undertake a complete review of all aspects of the community and consequently, this work limits itself in scope to the Russian Orthodox community. The thesis broadly chronicles the development of the Russian community as it struggles to become a viable partner in Australia’s multicultural society. Many never before published documents have been researched and hitherto closed archives in Russia have been accessed. To facilitate this research the author travelled to Russia, the United States and a number of European centres to study the archives of pre-Soviet Russian communities. Furthermore, the archives and publications of the Australian and New Zealand Diocese of the Russian Orthodox Church have been used extensively. The thesis notes the development of Australian-Russian relations as contacts with Imperial Russian naval and scientific ships visiting the colonies increase during the 1800’s and traces this relationship into the twentieth century. With the appearance of a Russian community in the nineteenth century, attempts were made to establish the Russian Orthodox Church on Australian soil. However, this did not eventuate until the arrival of a number of groups of Russian refugees after the Revolution of 1917 and the Civil War (1918-1922). As a consequence of Australia’s “Populate or Perish” policy following the Second World War, the numbers of Russian and other Orthodox Slavic displaced persons arriving in this country grew to such an extent that the Russian Church was able to establish a diocese in Australia, and later in New Zealand. The thesis then divides the history of the Russian Orthodox presence into chapters dealing with the administrative epochs of each of the ruling bishops. This has proven to be a suitable matrix for study as each period has its own distinct personalities and issues. The successes, tribulations and challengers of the Church in Australia are chronicled up to the end of the twentieth century. However, a further chapter deals with the issue of the Church’s prospects in Australia and its relevance to future generations of Russian Orthodox people. As the history of the Russians in this country has received little attention in the past, this work gives a broad spectrum of the issues, people and events associated with the Russian community and society at large, whilst opening up new opportunities for further research.

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Kasatkina, Natalia. "Analyzing Language Choice among Russian-Speaking Immigrants to the United States". Diss., The University of Arizona, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/193622.

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The resolution of the language question--whether to maintain the mother tongue, shift to the mainstream language, or try to maintain two or more languages in the family--creates a lot of psychological complications and linguistic reflections. The present study explores how external variables and internal controversies affect the choice of language by an individual family member as well as the family as a whole unit, and how this choice, in its turn, impacts the relationships within the family.This study draws on the several theoretical domains of immigration, psychology, and language acquisition. Relying on these theoretical frameworks, the major findings are synthesized, and a paradigm of language choice at the family level is formulated.A mixed-method research design allows a broad outlook on the Russian-speaking immigrants, comparison of immigrants from the former Soviet Union with immigrants of other nationalities, and restricted and concentrated analysis at the family level. The Integrated Public Use Microdata Series (IPUMS) data set helps to address the quantitative part of this dissertation, while the qualitative part is based on in-depth case studies of four immigrant families.Building on the fundamental position that development happens as the result of the resolution of controversies, I suggest that there are four levels of controversy located in the language-choice model: societal, family, personal, and eventual outcomes of these three levels.Four "language choice" profiles, designated as "Amotivational," "Instrumental," "Intrinsic," and "Intrinsic Plus," have emerged out of the theoretical and research findings.The findings show that the crucial characteristics of the families who chose to maintain the mother tongue and foster bi-literacy in their children are the following: (1) a stress on knowing the country of origin and its culture; (2) a declared desire within the family that the children be different from the parents' perception of American children; (3) an emphasis by the parents on the children's "Russianness" and on the formation of that ethnic identity; and (4) an emphasis on a consistently realized, strong language policy at home.

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Glöckner, Olaf. "Immigrated Russian Jewish elites in Israel and Germany after 1990 : their integration, self image and role in community building". Phd thesis, Universität Potsdam, 2010. http://opus.kobv.de/ubp/volltexte/2011/5036/.

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Russian Jews who left the Former Soviet Union (FSU) and its Successor States after 1989 are considered as one of the best qualified migrants group worldwide. In the preferred countries of destination (Israel, the United States and Germany) they are well-known for cultural self-assertion, strong social upward mobility and manifold forms of self organisation and empowerment. Using Suzanne Kellers sociological model of “Strategic Elites”, it easily becomes clear that a huge share of the Russian Jewish Immigrants in Germany and Israel are part of various elites due to their qualification and high positions in the FSU – first of all professional, cultural and intellectual elites (“Intelligentsija”). The study aimed to find out to what extent developments of cultural self-assertion, of local and transnational networking and of ethno-cultural empowerment are supported or even initiated by the immigrated (Russian Jewish) Elites. The empirical basis for this study have been 35 half-structured expert interviews with Russian Jews in both countries (Israel, Germany) – most of them scholars, artists, writers, journalists/publicists, teachers, engineers, social workers, students and politicians. The qualitative analysis of the interview material in Israel and Germany revealed that there are a lot of commonalities but also significant differences. It was obvious that almost all of the interview partners remained to be linked with Russian speaking networks and communities, irrespective of their success (or failure) in integration into the host societies. Many of them showed self-confidence with regard to the groups’ amazing professional resources (70% of the adults with academic degree), and the cultural, professional and political potential of the FSU immigrants was usually considered as equal to those of the host population(s). Thus, the immigrants’ interest in direct societal participation and social acceptance was accordingly high. Assimilation was no option. For the Russian Jewish “sense of community” in Israel and Germany, Russian Language, Arts and general Russian culture have remained of key importance. The Immigrants do not feel an insuperable contradiction when feeling “Russian” in cultural terms, “Jewish” in ethnical terms and “Israeli” / “German” in national terms – in that a typical case of additive identity shaping what is also significant for the Elites of these Immigrants. Tendencies of ethno-cultural self organisation – which do not necessarily hinder impressing individual careers in the new surroundings – are more noticeable in Israel. Thus, a part of the Russian Jewish Elites has responded to social exclusion, discrimination or blocking by local population (and by local elites) with intense efforts to build (Russian Jewish) Associations, Media, Educational Institutions and even Political Parties. All in all, the results of this study do very much contradict popular stereotypes of the Russian Jewish Immigrant as a pragmatic, passive “Homo Sovieticus”. Among the Interview Partners in this study, civil-societal commitment was not the exception but rather the rule. Traditional activities of the early, legendary Russian „Intelligentsija“ were marked by smooth transitions from arts, education and societal/political commitment. There seem to be certain continuities of this self-demand in some of the Russian Jewish groups in Israel. Though, nothing comparable could be drawn from the Interviews with the Immigrants in Germany. Thus, the myth and self-demand of Russian “Intelligentsija” is irrelevant for collective discourses among Russian Jews in Germany.
Russischsprachige Juden, die nach 1989 die Sowjetunion und ihre Nachfolgestaaten verlassen haben, zählen weltweit zu den bestqualifizierten Migranten. In ihren bevorzugten Zielländern (Israel, USA, Deutschland) zeichnen sie sich durch sichtbare Formen der kulturellen Selbstbehauptung, eine starke Aufstiegsmobilität und einen relativ hohen Grad der Selbstorganisation aus. Auf Grund des hohen Bildungsgrades und der dominierenden Berufsbilder konnte in Anlehnung an das Modell der „Strategic Elites“ von Suzanne Keller ein generell hoher Anteil an Eliten in der untersuchten Gruppe von Immigranten in Deutschland und Israel ausgemacht werden – v.a. professionelle, kulturelle und intellektuelle Eliten. Die Studie fragte danach, inwiefern Prozesse der kulturellen Selbstbehauptung, der lokalen und transnationalen Vernetzung und der ethno-kulturellen Selbstorganisation von den zugewanderten Eliten unterstützt oder sogar selbst befördert werden. Als empirische Grundlage dienten je 35 Experten-Interviews mit russisch-jüdischen Immigranten in beiden Ländern – dabei vorwiegend Wissenschaftler, Künstler, Schriftsteller, Publizisten/Journalisten, Lehrer, Ingenieure, Sozialarbeiter, Studenten und Politiker. Die qualitative Auswertung des Interviewmaterials in Deutschland und Israel ergab zahlreiche Gemeinsamkeiten, aber auch markante Unterschiede. Auffällig war, dass fast alle Interviewpartner mit russischsprachigen Netzwerken und Community-Strukturen gut verbunden blieben – unabhängig vom bisherigen Erfolg ihrer individuellen Integration. Fast durchweg waren sie sich ihrer überdurchschnittlichen beruflichen Kompetenzen (70% Akademiker) bewusst, die kulturellen, beruflichen und häufig auch politischen Ressourcen wurden mindestens als ebenbürtig zu jenen der Aufnahmegesellschaften betrachtet. Das Interesse an direkter gesellschaftlicher Partizipation und Akzeptanz war entsprechend hoch. Für das Zusammengehörigkeitsgefühl der Immigranten in Israel und Deutschland bilden russische Sprache, Kunst und (Alltags-) Kultur nach wie vor eine Schlüssel-Rolle. Dabei entsteht für die meisten Immigranten kein zwingender Widerspruch, sich "russisch" im kulturellen, "jüdisch" im ethnischen und "israelisch" / "deutsch" im nationalen Sinne zu fühlen - insofern ein klassischer Fall von additiver Identitätsbildung, der auch die zugewanderten Eliten charakterisiert. Assimilation in die Mehrheitsgesellschaft ist keine Option. Tendenzen ethno-kultureller Selbstorganisation, die erfolgreiche individuelle Integrationsverläufe im neuen Umfeld keineswegs ausschließen, zeigten sich am intensivsten in Israel. So reagiert ein Teil der russisch-jüdischen Eliten auf allgemeine Ausgrenzungserfahrungen und/oder Schließungsprozesse der lokalen Eliten bewusst mit der Bildung eigener Vereine, Medien, Bildungseinrichtungen und sogar politischer Parteien. Insgesamt widersprechen die Ergebnisse der Studie dem weitverbreiteten Stereotyp vom russisch-jüdischen Migranten als eines pragmatisch-passiven „Homo Sovieticus“. Zivilgesellschaftliches Engagement war bei den untersuchten Eliten eher der Regelfall. Zu den Traditionen der frühen, legendären russischen „Intelligentsija“ gehörten fließende Übergänge zwischen Kunst, Bildung und gesellschaftspolitischem Engagement. Dies setzt sich in Israel in einigen Gruppierungen der russisch-jüdischen Immigranten nahtlos fort. Dagegen machten die Experten-Interviews in Deutschland deutlich, dass ein vergleichbarer „Intelligentsija“-Effekt hier nicht zu erwarten ist - und daher für kollektive Orientierungsprozesse der russischen Juden irrelevant bleibt.

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Mendez, Marina Seraphine. "When Faced with a Democracy: political socialization of first-generation ethnic Russian immigrants in Central and South Florida". Scholar Commons, 2019. https://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/7857.

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It is a qualitative study about political socialization of first-generation ethnic Russian immigrants in Central and South Florida. The method used is a constructivist grounded theory with two-level coding. Based on data collected in forty in-depth interviews, I constructed a model of political socialization. It incorporates a starting point (the legal status in the US), triggers (English language proficiency, spousal support, and parenting), political socialization agencies (English as Second Language classes, a spouse, volunteering, the church) and output structures (bureaucratic institutions). Using respondents’ opinions about American vs. Russian political systems and mass media, their political participation, and views about political efficacy, I created an original classification of immigrants’ political attitudes and behavior. The classification consists of four groups: the Admirers, the Skeptics, the Incurious, and the Recluses. This study fills the gap in the literature about Russian-speaking immigrants in the US. It also contributes to the cache of micro-theories on immigrant political socialization.

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Korotchenko, Alexandra. ""I am the way I am, and I don't want to lose that" : Russian immigrant women's narratives of beauty work, immigration and aging". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/24175.

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This study examined the beauty work practices of Russian immigrant women and their understandings of beauty and femininity in later life. The research was guided by the following questions: (1) What are the beauty practices of older Russian immigrant women living in Canada?; (2) Why do older Russian immigrant women pursue these practices?; and (3) How are older Russian immigrant women’s beauty practices shaped by their social locations as immigrants, Canadian residents, former citizens of the former Soviet Union, and women? The study utilized data from in-depth qualitative interviews with 10 immigrant women from the former Soviet Union. The women ranged in age from 52 to 75 (average age of 61) and had immigrated to Canada between 1992 and 2004. The majority of the women were well-educated, married, able-bodied, and self-identified as heterosexual, but differed in terms of their socioeconomic status and country of origin within the USSR. Each woman was interviewed twice for a total of 19.8 interview hours. The majority of the interviews were conducted in a mix of Russian and English, and later translated into English. The data was analyzed using Strauss and Corbin’s (1998) concepts of open and axial coding. To date, research has shown that North American, white, middle-class women frequently engage in beauty work due to the repercussions of their non-compliance with feminine beauty ideals to their vocational success, heterosexual partnerships, and social acceptance. My findings revealed that similar to white North American women, older Russian immigrant women held negative attitudes towards their bodies, and engaged in a variety of beauty practices to conceal and correct their bodies’ deviations from the slim and youthful beauty ideal. These beauty practices included skin care, non-surgical cosmetic procedures, makeup, hair care, fashion,dieting, and exercise. The women’s beauty work choices were framed by their socialization within Russian cultural values that privileged conventional gender roles and feminine appearance, their assimilation into Canadian culture, their resistance to Canadian views of beauty and femininity, and their feelings about their aging bodies. I discuss these findings in relation to the extant research and theorizing regarding beauty work and aging.

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Ruseishvili, Svetlana. "Ser russo em São Paulo: os imigrantes russos e a (re)formulação de identidade após a Revolução Bolchevique de 1917". Universidade de São Paulo, 2016. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8132/tde-13022017-124015/.

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A presente tese de doutoramento tem como objeto de pesquisa os imigrantes de origem russa no Brasil, principalmente na cidade de São Paulo, na primeira metade do século XX. A Revolução Russa de 1917 e a formação do Estado Soviético ocasionaram grandes mudanças na estrutura social da Rússia e produziram um fluxo emigratório inédito no século XX. As características migratórias dessas populações provocaram grandes debates nos países europeus e resultaram no surgimento de uma nova categoria migratória: o refugiado. No Brasil, os primeiros imigrantes da Rússia pós-revolução começaram a chegar no começo dos anos 1920, tendo como principais destinos os estados do Sul e do Sudeste do país, principalmente a cidade de São Paulo, que se encontrava em fase de rápido crescimento econômico e urbano. Posteriormente, São Paulo recebeu mais duas grandes levas de imigrantes russos: os deslocados da Segunda Guerra Mundial, no final dos anos 1940, e os imigrantes russos da China, ao longo da década de 1950. Assim, as décadas de 1920 a 1950 foram o período de maior visibilidade dos imigrantes russos na cidade e dos processos mais intensos da estruturação de suas coletividades. Diante disso, a tese se concentra nesse intervalo de tempo. Num segundo momento, a tese se propõe a explorar o que significava ser russo em São Paulo nesse período. O trabalho está fundado na percepção de que nenhuma identidade é uma característica estável, mas um processo contínuo cujos resultados advém de uma complexa teia de interações entre o Estado, a sociedade, o grupo e o indivíduo. A tese, através de uma extensa pesquisa documental em arquivos públicos e particulares e com auxílio de depoimentos orais, busca identificar de que modo as formas de sociabilidade dos imigrantes russos em São Paulo foram fruto de suas concepções coletivas sobre seu pertencimento e sua lealdade nacional. A pesquisa identificou que a falta de homogeneidade nos percursos migratórios, e também nas concepções sobre o próprio pertencimento, resultou em uma comunidade de imigrantes marcada por constantes conflitos internos, com o Estado e com a sociedade no Brasil. Essa dinâmica comunitária, somada à postura repressiva do Estado à época em relação aos imigrantes, ocasionou grandes rupturas entre gerações e entre diferentes levas migratórias de russos na cidade, que impactaram as formas de sociabilidade dos russos na cidade até os dias de hoje.
The purpose of this doctoral thesis is the research of the Russian immigrants in Brazil, mainly in the city of São Paulo, in the first half of the twentieth century. The Russian Revolution of 1917 and the formation of the Soviet State led to major changes in the social structure of Russia and produced an unprecedented emigration flow. Migratory characteristics of these populations caused great debates in European countries and resulted in the emergence of a new immigration category: the refugee. The first post-revolution Russian immigrants began to arrive in Brazil in the early 1920s. The main destinations were the South and the Southeast of the country especially the city of São Paulo, which was in rapid economic and urban growth phase. Later, São Paulo received two others large waves of Russian immigrants: the displaced persons of World War II in the late 1940s, and Russian refugees from China, throughout the 1950s. Thus, the decades from 1920 to 1950 were a period of increasing visibility of Russian immigrants in the city of São Paulo and of an intense process of structuring their communities. Therefore, the thesis focuses in this period. After this first analysis, this thesis explores what it meant to be Russian in São Paulo during said period. The work is based on the paradigm that no identity is a stable characteristic, but an ongoing process which results come from a complex network of interactions between the state, society, group and individual. The thesis, through an extensive documentary research in public and private archives and with the help of oral testimonies, seeks to identify how the forms of sociability of Russian immigrants in São Paulo were a result of their collective views on their sense of belonging and of national loyalty. The research identified that the lack of homogeneity in the migratory experiences and in the conceptions of belonging resulted in an immigrant community marked by constant internal conflicts. This communitarian dynamics, coupled with the repressive attitude of the Brazilian State towards immigrants, caused major gaps between generations of Russian immigrants in the city, which impacted the forms of their sociability in the city until today.

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Buquoi, Yuliya Illinichna. "Influences of Intergenerational Transmission of Autobiographical Memories on Identity Formation in Immigrant Children". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1573657511117292.

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Abzalova, Irina. "Intégration des russophones dans la vie française". Thesis, Brest, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016BRES0099.

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L’immigration russophone en France se nourrit de quelques siècles de l’Histoire contemporaine. La population à laquelle nous consacrons notre étude correspond aux départs ayant eu lieu au lendemain de l’effondrement de l’URSS. Notre intérêt s’attache tout particulièrement à l’intégration des migrants dans la vie française.Cette étude a donc pour objet l’analyse du processus d’intégration d’une population russophone échantillonnée vivant en France en s’appuyant sur l’analyse théorique des interférences linguistiques et socioculturelles rencontrées. L’apport de ce travail est notamment de montrer à quel point l’influence des interférences peut jouer sur l’intégration. Nous cherchons ici à définir l’intégration comme le résultat d’un certain nombre d’étapes à accomplir et de compétences à acquérir dans les domaines du savoir, du savoir-faire et du savoir-être.Cette analyse permet d’évaluer les difficultés des russophones, créées par les conditions de l’immigration sur la base des témoignages, des observations, des échanges dans le cadre associatif et éducatif, ou encore au travers du forum russophone Infrance.Cette expérience permet de recenser ou compléter des lacunes des apprenants au profit de l’enseignement du Français Langue Étrangère.Au-delà du défi permanent qu’impose à tout apprenant l’interlangue, c’est dans l’intimité de l’intégration des russophones que ce travail de recherche propose au lecteur de se plonger
The immigration of native Russian speakers to France has been going on for several centuries but in this study we will focus primarily on the migrants who left following the collapse of the USSR. More especially we will look at the integration of these migrants into daily French life.This study has therefore chosen to analyse the integration process of a selected Russian speaking population living in France with particular attention on the theoretical analysis of language transfer (L1 Interference) and also on socio-cultural issues. The aim of this study is to show to what extent language transfer plays a role in the integration process. Here we seek to define integration as a number of steps to accomplish in order to acquire not simply language skills but the “soft” skills which add up to real savoir-faire.This analysis allows the evaluation of the difficulties faced by Russian speakers in France based on personal testimonies, observations and discussions in ex-pat associations, in education and also via the Russian language internet forum, Infrance. As a result of this study, FLE (French as a Foreign Language) teaching will be better able to cater to the precise needs of French language learners from a Russian speaking background.As well as looking into the ongoing challenge of interlanguage, this study invites the reader to explore the interesting question of integration for the Russian speaker

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Cognolato, Monica. "The orthodox church does not build on other people's foundations". The orthodox church in america during bishop tikhon's years (1898-1907)". Doctoral thesis, Università degli studi di Padova, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/11577/3423515.

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From 1898 to 1907 the young Tikhon Bellavin (later Patriarch of Moscow and of All Russia) held the role of bishop of the diocese of North America and Alaska. This denomination reminds us of how the roots of Russian presence in America should be posed on the northern end of the continent, but also of how in the years taken into consideration, Orthodox believers could be found in every part of North America. While facing a rising immigration from East Europe, South-East Europe and Middle East, the Russian Mission became the catalyst of the different Orthodoxies arriving on the American continent, because it could boast the presence of a bishop and a diocese. The thesis aims to reconstruct the problems regarding Orthodoxy in America during Tikhon’s years, on a cultural level and on a material level as well. Bishop Tikhon, while continuing the already consolidated diocesan activities, i. e. predication to the non-Christian populations and pastorship to the immigrant communities, involved the parishes in the definition of American Orthodoxy. The thesis inquires into the motives leading the identity creation process and the foundations on which the bishop intended to build it. The research tries to give an outline of the diocese’s internal organization, its patterns and variations in time!; of the missionary personnel selection and education; of the building of parish edifices and places of worship; of the management of local dynamics. The historically relevant role of bishop Tikhon and the diocese peculiar geographical position, outside the Romanov Empire but at the same time linked with its church (as missionary diocese), allow the present case study to cross several disciplines as Church History, Russian Studies, Migration Studies, Transregional Studies and Historical Geography. The diocese planned by Tikhon can be considered as the starting point for the construction of an Orthodox Church in America, founded on the basis of the pre-existent Russian Orthodox Mission.
Dal 1898 al 1907 il giovane Tichon Bellavin (futuro patriarca di Mosca e di tutta la Russia) ricoprì il ruolo di vescovo nella diocesi del Nord America e d’Alaska. Tale denominazione ricorda come le radici della presenza russa in America siano da collocarsi all’estremità settentrionale del continente, ma anche come negli anni presi in considerazione i fedeli fossero ormai presenti in tutto il Nord America. A fronte di una crescente immigrazione proveniente dai paesi dell’Europa orientale, sud-orientale e mediorientale, la missione russa diviene catalizzatore delle diverse ortodossie presenti sul suolo americano, potendo vantare la presenza di un vescovo e di una diocesi. Lo studio tenta di ricostruire le problematiche connesse all’ortodossia in America a cavallo tra XIX e XX secolo trattando questioni di carattere culturale e materiale. Il vescovo Tichon pur prestando attenzione alle già precedentemente consolidate attività della diocesi missionaria, come la predicazione alle popolazioni non cristiane e la guida pastorale delle comunità di migranti, coinvolge le parrocchie nella definizione di un’ortodossia americana. Lo studio indaga i motivi dell’avvio del processo di creazione identitaria e i fondamenti su cui il vescovo ha inteso costruirla. Lo studio cerca inoltre di dare una panoramica ampia sull’organizzazione interna della diocesi, i suoi modelli e le sue variazioni nel tempo; sulla selezione e formazione personale missionario; sulla costruzione di edifici parrocchiali e di luoghi di culto; sulla gestione delle dinamiche locali della vita di alcune comunità e parrocchie. La posizione di rilievo storico del vescovo Tichon e la peculiare posizione geografica della diocesi russa in America, esterna all’Impero dei Romanov ma alla stesso tempo legata alla sua chiesa (in quanto diocesi missionaria russa) permettono a questo caso di studio di incrociare i metodi propri di diverse discipline come la storia della chiesa, la storia russa, la storia delle migrazioni, gli studi trans-regionali e la geografia storica. La diocesi progettata da Tichon può essere ritenuta l’avvio del processo di costruzione di una Chiesa Ortodossa in America, fondata sulle basi della pre-esistente missione ortodossa russa.

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Coker, Adam Nathaniel. "French influences in Russia, 1780s to 1820s : the origins of permanent cultural transfer". Thesis, University of Exeter, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10871/19108.

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This dissertation defines aspects of Russian culture which bear the marks of French influence and explores the historical origins of that influence. While it is generally acknowledged that Russia’s culture has been influenced by France, no systematic history of the origins of this influence has been written. Previous research has dealt only superficially with the topic, focusing almost exclusively on the Francophile preferences of society’s elite. The present study examines Russian society more broadly and explores those elements of French cultural influence still relevant today through an historical analysis of the Russian language. French loanwords found in dictionaries from the time of Peter the Great to the present are analyzed chronologically and topically, yielding the conclusion that the most significant period of long-lasting French influence was the turn of the nineteenth century and was primarily cultural in nature—including the areas of fashion, cuisine, the arts, interior design and etiquette—but was also in areas related to technology and official administration. Following this lexical analysis, other primary sources—archival documents, military memoirs, and periodical publications from the resultant period—are searched for influences in these areas, especially during the period’s two major Franco-Russian events: the wave of immigration to Russia following the French Revolution and Russia’s war with Napoleon. The former facilitated deep cultural enrichment as native Frenchmen and French women, engaged in various occupations, acted as cultural mentors to the Russian nobility. The latter facilitated broad cultural immersion as tens of thousands of Russian troops—noble and common alike—marched into France and experienced French culture firsthand. This dissertation concludes that both of these explosive events, though by no means the beginning of French influence, were unique in the depth and permanence of their mark upon Russia’s culture.

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Juurmaa, Nora. "De Matsui Tarô (1917-2017), écrivain brésilien d’origine japonaise, à Andreï Ivanov (1971- ), écrivain d’origine russe vivant en Estonie : conception de la "mort" dans la littérature de deux communautés issues des migrations, de 1970 à 2010 pour la communauté nippo-brésilienne et de 2008 à 2016 pour la communauté russophone d’Estonie". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSE3027.

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La présente étude se veut une analyse de la fonction de l’élément « mort » dans la fiction littéraire de MATSUI Tarô (1917-2017), auteur phare de la littérature japonophone du Brésil. Une comparaison est effectuée avec l’œuvre d’Andreï IVANOV (1971- ), grand nom de la littérature russophone d’Estonie. Cette thèse s’articule autour de l’argument de Michel Picard, lequel estime que dans le domaine littéraire, « quand on parle de la mort, on parle toujours d’autre chose » : « En premier lieu parce qu’il s’agit ici de tourner l’insurmontable difficulté de temporaliser l’intemporel instant mortel, mais surtout à cause des préoccupations véritables […] qui ne concernent bien entendu que la vie. Enfin celles-ci elles-mêmes ont clairement révélé qu’elles n’étaient que des espèces de symptômes, de métaphores ; que l’essentiel, dans ce topos comme chaque fois qu’il s’agit de la « mort », est inconscient. » Après avoir traité des questions relatives à l’histoire et aux politiques d’identité des communautés concernées – la communauté « japonaise » du Brésil et celle, russophone, d’Estonie –, cette thèse interroge la manière dont s’est construit le monde littéraire japonophone du Brésil. D'autres interrogations seront ensuite soulevées : pourquoi la mort apparaît-elle si souvent dans la fiction littéraire de Matsui ? Quelles fonctions ces morts occupent-elles dans son œuvre, ainsi que dans celle d’Ivanov ? Si le sujet abordé par les auteurs n’est pas la mort per se, quel est leur véritable propos ? Est-ce le passé qui meurt, comme cela semble être le cas dans La Cerisaie d’Anton Tchekhov ? Quelle est la relation de Matsui Tarô à ce passé ? Et dans le cas d’Andreï Ivanov ? Comment choisissent-ils, fût-ce de manière inconsciente, de voir le passé et de dialoguer avec lui ? Cette étude démontre que la « mort » dans les littératures de Matsui et Ivanov, s’il est un véhicule privilégié de critiques adressées par les deux auteurs à leurs communautés respectives, sert également à communiquer une vision d’avenir pour ces dernières — à savoir la proposition d’une assimilation complète. L’élément « mort » indique les raisons pour lesquelles ces auteurs refusent des concepts construits tels que « nous » (i.e. une communauté isolée)
The present study proposes an analysis of the function of “death” in the literary fiction of MATSUI Tarô (1917-2017), a leading author in Brazilian Japanese-language literature. A comparison is carried out with the oeuvre of Andrei IVANOV (1971- ), a key author in Estonian Russian-language literature. This thesis is built around Michel Picard’s argument, which proposes that in the literary field, “when we speak about death, we always speak about something else”: “Firstly because the core of the matter is to circumvent the insurmountable difficulty of temporalizing [materialising] the timeless [immaterial] moment of death, but mostly because of the actual preoccupations […] that certainly only concern life. These [preoccupations] themselves have clearly revealed that they [are] no more than symptoms, metaphors of some sort; that the crux of the matter, in this topos as well as each time that “death” is concerned, is unconscious.”After examining the historical and political contexts of the communities in question – the “Japanese” community of Brazil and the Russian-language community in Estonia – this thesis questions the ways that the Japanese-language literary world has been constructed in Brazil. Other questions are then raised: why does “death” appear so frequently in Matsui Tarô’s literary fiction? What are the functions operated by these deaths in his and Andrei Ivanov’s oeuvre? If the subject matter addressed by the two authors is not death per se, what are the real preoccupations at stake? Is it the past that dies, in a way that it seems to be the case in Anton Chekhov’s The Cherry Orchard? How does Matsui Tarô relate to this past? What about Andrei Ivanov? How do they choose, be it unconsciously, to see the past and to dialogue with it? This study shows that while “death” functions, in the literatures of Matsui and Ivanov, as a privileged vehicle conveying the criticisms that the two authors address to their respective communities, it is also used as a tool to communicate a vision for the future of these communities — that is, the proposition of a complete assimilation. The element of “death” points out the reasons why these authors refuse constructed concepts such as “us” (i.e. an isolated community)

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Rabinowitz, Deborah Cristina Fatuch. "Um olhar sobre a vida de imigrantes russos idosos". Pontifícia Universidade Católica de São Paulo, 2008. https://tede2.pucsp.br/handle/handle/12568.

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Made available in DSpace on 2016-04-27T18:47:32Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 Deborah Cristina Fatuch Rabinowitz.pdf: 332994 bytes, checksum: c72dde63000aa84f456a9a5090211a18 (MD5) Previous issue date: 2008-12-17
The present digression analyses the difficulty for Russian immigrants born in China to adapt and as a result develop an appurtenance feeling since their arrival until the end of their lives in Brazil, including the passage through elderness. The qualitative methodology was chosen to explain the concept of immigration and belongingness in order to better present the affective links with their native country, their culture, with the language, with the traditions which remain present through their lives and that grow in importance moreover during the aging process. Information has been collected about the lives of the Russians born in China as well as of their later immigration to Brazil. Interviews have also been conducted with over 70 years aged Russians with the purpose of suscitating their remembering, the reasons that motivated them to leave their native countries, the arrival in Brazil, the difficulties for adaptation, the relationship with the Russian community and with the Brazilians, their feelings towards Brazil as a native country and their affective country. The reports from the elder who have been interviewed reveal their needs to have an identity connected to their roots translating their daily effort to perpetuate their culture, their language and their traditions in a community constituted by their compatriots recreated in the country that welcomed them. This is the way that they found to keeps their remembering alive, influencing their behavior, their attitudes, their way of thinking and being presently and in the future. In order to support and provide ressonance to our study we did research in the works published by Halbwachs, Beauvoir, Anderson, Bornheim, Bosi, Ponty, Bobbio, Thompson
A presente dissertação analisa a dificuldade de imigrantes russos nascidos na China de adaptação e desenvolvimento de um sentimento de pertença desde sua chegada até o final de suas vidas no Brasil, incluindo a passagem pela terceira idade. A abordagem qualitativa foi escolhida para explicitar o conceito de imigração e de pertença de forma a poder melhor apresentar seus laços afetivos com o país de origem, com sua cultura, com a língua, com as tradições que permanecem presentes ao longo de suas vidas, mas que se fazem sentir principalmente durante o processo de envelhecimento. Foram coletados dados sobre a vida de russos nascidos na China bem como de sua posterior imigração para o Brasil. Foram ainda realizadas entrevistas com idosos russos com mais de 70 anos de idade cujo objetivo foi suscitar suas lembranças, os motivos que os levaram a sair de seus países de origem, a chegada ao Brasil, as dificuldades de adaptação, sua relação com a comunidade russa e com os brasileiros, seus sentimentos em relação ao Brasil como pátria e ao seu país afetivo. Os relatos dos idosos entrevistados revelam sua necessidade de possuir uma identidade conectada às suas origens que se traduzem em seu esforço cotidiano de perpetuar sua cultura, sua língua, suas tradições dentro de uma comunidade constituída por seus conterrâneos recriada no país que os acolheu. É a forma que encontram de manter vivas suas lembranças, influenciando seu comportamento, suas atitudes, a forma de pensar e ser no presente e no futuro. De forma a dar respaldo e ressonância ao nosso estudo apoiamo-nos em pesquisas dos trabalhos publicados por: Halbwachs, Beauvoir, Anderson, Bornheim, Bosi, Ponty, Bobbio, Thompson

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Bronnikova, Olga. "Compatriotes et expatriotes : le renouveau de la politique dans l'émigration russe. : L'émergence et la structuration de la communauté politique russe en France (2000-2013)". Thesis, Paris, INALCO, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014INAL0011/document.

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À la suite de la structuration de la politique de l’État russe envers ses émigrés, ainsi que d’une vague de protestation en Russie à la fin de l’année 2011, a émergé une nouvelle communauté politique russe en France. Celle-ci s’est progressivement construite autour des discours et des activités politiques des migrants russes en direction de leur pays d'origine. Les motivations de ces migrants sont à rechercher dans leurs sentiments d’appartenance à la Russie. Deux figures idéal-typiques clés se sont révélées au cours de notre recherche : d'une part, le « compatriote », défini par les autorités russes qui prônent l'unité de leurs ressortissants disséminés à travers le monde et en appellent à dépasser les clivages du passé et, d'autre part, l’ « expatriote », qui refuse d'être représenté par l'État russe et rejette la définition « officielle » de ses sentiments d'appartenance ; d'un côté donc, le compatriote, retrouvant la fierté d'être et de se dire Russe ; de l'autre, l'expatriote, traversé par le sentiment d'être Russe malgré lui et de devoir assumer, en la transformant, cette condition. Bien qu'ayant des conceptions fort différentes, et souvent contradictoires, de ce que devrait être la Russie, le compatriote et l'expatriote ne peuvent être opposés de manière binaire dans la mesure où ils ne cessent d'interagir et échangent même parfois leurs positions respectives. Le lieu de ces interactions, c'est la communauté politique russe en tant qu'arène de discours et de pratiques politiques en recomposition permanente
Following the structuring of the Russian State policy towards its emigrants and a wave of protest in Russia at the end of 2011, a Russian political community emerged in France. It was progressively constructed through discourses and political activities of Russian immigrants towards their country of origin. The motivations of these migrants are to be found in their sentiments of belonging to Russia. Two ideal-typical figures have been revealed throughout the research process: the “compatriot”, defined by the Russian authorities that preach for the unity of Russian people disseminated around the world and call them to go beyond the divisions of the past, and the “expatriot” who refuses to be represented by the Russian State and rejects the “official” definition of his sense of belonging; on the one hand, there is the compatriot who retrieves the pride to be and to call himself Russian; on the other hand, there is the expatriot who feels Russian despite himself and has to assume this condition while transforming it. Even if their conceptions of what Russia should be are really different and often contradictory, the compatriot and the expatriot could not be opposed in binary terms, as they do not stop interacting and sometimes even exchange their respective positions. The location of these interactions is the Russian political community qua an arena of discourses and political practices in permanent reconstruction

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Vasilachi, Elena. "Investigating the Perception of Identity Shift in Trilingual Speakers: A Case Study". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2018. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6738.

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This is a case study that examines the perception of identity shift in trilingual speakers. The participants were three females from Moldova, a country in Eastern Europe, that have moved to the U.S. Participants responded to open-ended questions during an individual interview and self-report. The questions were about (1) the way they think in their native language, (2) the way they feel in different situations while switching languages, and (3) their interactions with others, depending on their relationships with the participants, the situation, and the language they use at that moment. Primary findings suggest that trilingual speakers perceive a shift in their identity depending on the language they are speaking. The languages used for this case study are Romanian, Moldovan-Romanian, Russian, and English. These are the languages spoken by a people who have been in social, cultural, and political conflict for centuries, most recently throughout the Soviet Union era, and even up to recent post-Soviet conflicts. Studying the perception of identity shift in multilingual speakers allows linguists to understand fluidity in identity in additional language-acquisition contexts. Such findings may help in second-language acquisition research, language teaching, immigration-assimilation research or resistance-to-assimilation research. The results of this study support previous findings of people switching their personality according to the language used at that moment. In this case, personality is similar to identity.

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Lobodenko, Kateryna. "Images fixes – Images animées ˸ les expériences communicables de l’exil russe en France (1920 – 1939)". Thesis, Paris 3, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019PA030053.

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Cette thèse se propose d’explorer, à travers la figure de l’émigré russe dans le cinéma et la caricature de presse parus en France dans l’entre-deux-guerres, les différentes représentations de la Russie. Il s’agit, tout d’abord, de la Russie en exil, une Russie mosaïque regroupant de nombreuses ethnicités venues de différents endroits de l’ancien Empire russe, comprenant, en elles-mêmes, une large palette sociale (des aristocrates et notables aux personnes sans rang, ni profession), professionnelle (artistes, hommes politiques, militaires, ouvriers), politiques (monarchistes, libéraux, révolutionnaires socialistes, anarchistes), religieuse, éducative et culturelle. Nous nous intéressons alors aux façons dont cette Russie en exil est perçue et représentée par les artistes nostalgiques de leur passé, caricaturistes et cinéastes émigrés, mais aussi par les réalisateurs français passionnés de l’orientalisme et de la « mode russe » qui en découle. En deuxième lieu, nous appréhendons les manières dont les artistes émigrés traitent de la Russie soviétique, à savoir : des dirigeants bolcheviques, des Soviétiques ordinaires et de leur quotidien. Nous nous penchons, également, sur la notion d’expérience communicable, employée par Walter Benjamin, et sur les différentes façons dont l’expérience de la vie en exil pourrait être transmise au public émigré et français
This thesis proposes to explore different representations of Russia through the figure of the Russian emigrant in the film and press cartoons published in France in the inter-war period. First of all, it discusses Russia in exile, a mosaic Russia which contains numerous ethnicities hailing from various locations of the former Russian Empire. These ethnicities thus comprise a large palette of social features (from aristocrats and notable people to those without any titles or professions), professional ones (artists, politicians, military men, workers), political ones (monarchists, liberals, socialist revolutionaries, anarchists), religious, educational and cultural ones. We are therefore interested in the ways that this Russia in exile is perceived and represented by the artists who are nostalgic of their past, emigrant caricaturists and film-makers, as well as French film directors who were passionate about Orientalism and the subsequent “Russian fashion”. Secondly, we capture the ways in which the emigrant artists deal with Soviet Russia, namely the Bolshevik leaders, ordinary Soviet people and their everyday lives. We also look at the notion of communicable experience, which is employed by Walter Benjamin, and different ways in which the life in exile could be communicated both to the emigrant public and to the French one

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Alexeeva, Olga. "L' immigration chinoise à Saint-Pétersbourg : stratégies migratoires et adaptation des Chinois en Russie après 1991". Paris 7, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010PA070017.

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Les migrants chinois qui appraissent à Saint-Pétersbourg au tournant du XXe siècle, ont joué un rôle important dans le développement économique, industriel et culturel de la ville. Interrompue à l'époque soviétique, la migration des Chinois en Russie n'a repris qu'après l'éclatement de l'URSS en 1991. Aujourd'hui, la Russie permet d'étudier le fonctionnement de la dynamique migratoire chinois dès son commencement, ainsi que de suivre toutes les étapes de la construction de la communauté et de ses réseaux économiques et migratoires. Le présent travail est basé sur les résultats des enquêtes réalisées entre 2005 et 2009 parmi les migrants chinois en Russie et les candidats et les intermédiaires à la migration en Chine. Il donne un aperçu historique et socio-démographique de la migration chinoise à Saint-Pétersbourg et analyse les diverses formes migratoires observées dans le passé et à l'heure actuelle
The history of large-scale Chinese migration to Saint-Petersburg has started in the late 19th century ail along with the fast economic and industrial development of the city. Interrupted during the Soviet era, migration began again with the collapse of the USSR in 1991. This new flow of migrants being already very important has a clear seen tendency to grow up within last five years. The socio-demographic profile of this new population appeared to be quiet different from that of the previous generation; of Chinese migrants in Europe. Russia makes it possible to study the workings of migration dynamics from their beginnings, and to follow all the stages in the building of the community and of its economic and migration networks. This thesis seeks to give a historical and socio-demographic overview of Chinese migration in Saint-Petersburg, and to analyse the various forms ol migration seen in the past and in the present

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Braux, Adeline. "Migrations, transnationalisme et nouvelles diasporas dans l'espace post-soviétique : les immigrés sud-caucasiens en Fédération de Russie". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011IEPP0025.

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Depuis 1991, la Fédération de Russie enregistre un solde migratoire positif avec presque tous les États de la CEI. En 2008, cet excédent s’élevait à 243 862. Alors qu’en URSS les Sud-Caucasiens comptaient parmi les populations les moins mobiles, la situation a diamétralement changé dans la période actuelle et questionne le caractère post-impérial de ces migrations. La Russie constitue la première destination d’émigration pour les ressortissants de l’Arménie, de l’Azerbaïdjan et de la Géorgie dont l’immigration peut désormais être étudiée sur près d’un quart de siècle. L’immigration sud-caucasienne en Russie repose sur des réseaux dont certains ont été constitués bien avant la disparition de l’URSS et qui expliquent souvent les stratégies migratoires déployées par les immigrés. Ceux-ci sont confrontés à une tension permanente entre adoption des normes de la société d’installation et préservation d’une communauté donnée par le biais de marqueurs identitaires, au premier rang desquels la langue, la religion et le système de valeurs. Ils possèdent par ailleurs deux espaces politiques, sociaux et culturels de référence et sont impliqués, consciemment ou non, dans des formes de transnationalisme variées aux plans tant individuel que collectif. Les communautés immigrées sud-caucasiennes tendent de ce fait à devenir un objet, sinon un enjeu, des relations internationales dans la zone post-soviétique, notamment par le truchement des politiques diasporiques émanant de leur pays d’origine. Le phénomène migratoire dans la zone post-soviétique constitue ainsi un puissant vecteur d’intégration et de régionalisation
Since 1991, the Russian Federation’s migratory balance has been positive with almost all CIS countries. In 2008, it stood at 243 862. While in the USSR South-Caucasians were the least mobile populations, the situation has dramatically changed in the current period and raises questions about the post-imperial nature of these migrations. Russia is the number one emigration country for migrants coming from Armenia, Azerbaijan, and Georgia. Theses migration flows can now be studied on a period of a quarter of a century. South-Caucasian migrations to Russia are based on networks which were constituted, for some of them, well before the dismiss of the Soviet Union and often help explain migrants’mobility strategies. Migrants are faced with a permanent tension between the appropriation of the receiving society’s norms, and the preservation of their community through identity marks, above all language, religion and value system. In addition to that, they have two political, social, and cultural spaces of reference and are engaged, consciously or not, in different forms of transnationalism on an individual or a collective basis. Migrant communities from the South-Caucasus may sometimes become subjects of international relations. This may be the case when their countries of origin develop specific diaspora policies towards them. Migratory processes in the post-Soviet area thus represent a powerful tool of integration and regionalisation

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SAVELIEV, Igor. "The Transition from Immigration Restriction to the Importation of Labor : Recent Migration Patterns and Chinese Migrants in Russia". Graduate School of International Development, Nagoya University, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/2237/8804.

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Potriquet, Ghislain Pierre-Yves. "La politique linguistique de l'Etat de New York". Thesis, Paris 3, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009PA030064.

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La première partie de cette étude est consacrée au cadre institutionnel dans lequel s’élaborent les politiques linguistiques américaines ; la Constitution des États-Unis, ainsi que ses amendements, s’avèrent déterminants dans leur formulation. Depuis l’adoption de politiques linguistiques nationales dans les années 1960, l’influence de l’État fédéral se trouve encore accrue. Néanmoins, la politique linguistique des États-Unis demeure lacunaire. La politique linguistique de l’État de New York, étudiée dans le deuxième chapitre, complète en partie cette politique en intervenant principalement dans les domaines de l’éducation et du droit de vote. La politique linguistique de l’État du New York est déterminée, d’une part, par un antagonisme structurel Ville-État et, d’autre part, par la lutte des Portoricains pour le respect de leurs droits linguistiques. La dernière partie de cette étude consiste en une étude de cas ; quarante entretiens semi-dirigés menés auprès d’immigrants russophones révèlent l’importance de la reconversion professionnelle dans le processus d’intégration linguistique
In a first part, this study analyzes the institutional framework in which American language policies are elaborated; the Constitution of the United States and its amendments appear to play a major role in their elaboration. Since the adoption of national language policies in the 1960’s, federal influence has grown further. However, the language policy of the United States remains incomplete. The language policy of the State of New York, which is studied in the second chapter, supplements it by intervening in the fields of education and voting rights mainly. The language policy of New York is determined by, on the one hand, a structural City-State antagonism, and on the other hand, by the activism of Puerto Ricans who mobilized to assert their language rights. The last chapter of this study consists of a case-study; forty semi- conducted interviews were carried out with Russian-speaking immigrants. As a whole, they stress the importance of retraining in the language acquisition process

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Salitan, Laurie P. "An analysis of Soviet Jewish emigration in the 1970s". Thesis, University of Oxford, 1992. http://ora.ox.ac.uk/objects/uuid:f984e4b9-f578-4ee9-89d5-b26a65cca29b.

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Domestic, not foreign affairs drove Soviet policy on Jewish emigration during the period of 1968-1989. This study challenges the prevailing view that fluctuating levels of exit from the USSR were correlated to the climate of relations between the USA and the USSR. The analysis also considers Soviet-German emigration for comparative perspective. Extensive historical background, with special emphasis on Soviet nationality policy is provided.

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Pashkeeva, Natalia. "Le Mouvement "universel" de la "jeunesse chrétienne", la YMCA américaine et les Russes : circulation des idées et transferts des méthodes d'organisation et d'action (deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle - 1939))". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH144.

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Dans cette thèse nous étudions, d’abord, le développement du Mouvement « universel » de la « jeunesse chrétienne » en tant que réseau transnational dans l’espace occidental au cours de la deuxième moitié du XIXe siècle. Nous y analysons ensuite l’interaction entre les agents de la branche américaine du Mouvement, la YMCA, et les représentants des élites politiques, économiques, religieuses et intellectuelles russes en Russie depuis la fin des années 1890, en Europe avec les émigrés russes dans l’entre-deux-guerres, ainsi que les tentatives faites par les agents de l’Association américaine pour se fixer en URSS dans les années 1920.Le Mouvement chrétien des jeunes était conçu comme un espace mondial dépassant les frontières nationales. Cette forme d’internationalisme avait pour ambition de surmonter les nombreuses barrières qui divisaient l’humanité en factions nationales, politiques, économiques, sociales, religieuses ou raciales. Il s’agissait d’un projet utopique construit sur la base du protestantisme évangélique. L’universalisme du Mouvement reposait sur l’idée de la « catholicité » de la « communauté chrétienne » et sur la logique des grandes religions de conversion. Les leaders du Mouvement propageaient le « christianisme vivant ». Réfutant une conception du religieux comme besoin mystique et du christianisme comme ensemble de croyances défini une fois pour toutes, centré sur un dogme rigide et sur un rite religieux, ils prônaient un activisme social des chrétiens et leur participation à la résolution de problèmes sociaux concrets. Initialement axé sur la mission d’évangélisation, ce projet universaliste était lui-même un résultat de la sécularisation à laquelle il devait faire face. Affirmant son « respect » vis-à-vis des structures ecclésiastiques « traditionnelles », le Mouvement était guidé par des laïcs. Manifestant une préoccupation relative aux moyens à utiliser pour soigner les malaises de la société industrielle moderne et pour assurer le progrès de l’humanité, ses leaders prétendaient élaborer un « modèle » de l’action chrétienne « moderne », « organisée », capable d’assurer le développement « intégral » (moral, intellectuel, physique et social) des individus, mettant un accent particulier sur la formation des élites. Dans une perspective de long terme, leur ambition était d’assurer une transformation sociale, politique et économique des sociétés humaines. Plusieurs problématiques sont explorées : 1. Le rapport entre, d’une part, les engagements « universalistes » et « nationaux » et, d’autre part, les facteurs qui influençaient les rapports de force entre des cultures nationales différentes et, donc, déterminaient les vecteurs de la circulation d’idées, d’expériences et de pratiques dans ce type de mouvance internationaliste ; 2. Le mécanisme de la pénétration de la YMCA américaine dans un autre pays, en l’occurrence en Russie, et les motifs invoqués pour le justifier ; 3. Le rapport entre la religion et la politique ; 4. Les relations entre les protestants et les chrétiens orthodoxes. L’étude de ces problématiques se décline en plusieurs dimensions structurées par quatre dichotomies principales : « universel » versus « national », « laïque » versus « religieux », « modernité » versus « tradition », « politique » versus « apolitique »
In this thesis we first investigate the creation of a transnational network by the advocates of the Young People’ Global Christian Movement in the West in the latter half of the 19th century. Secondly, we analyze the interaction between the agents of the American branch of the Movement, the American YMCA, and the representatives of the Russian political, economic, religious and intellectual elites in Russia from the end of the 1890s and in Europe with the Russian émigrés in the period between the two world wars. Attempts to implant the American Association in the USSR in the 1920s are also considered.The Young People’ Christian Movement was conceived as a global space transcending national boundaries. The ambition of the advocates of this form of internationalism was to break the barriers of nationalities, politics, economic and social inequalities, religion or race. This utopian project was founded on the values, beliefs and principles of Evangelical Protestantism. The Movement’s universalism was founded on the concept of Christian communities’ “catholicity” and was following the logic of religious conversion. Its leaders were propagating the Vital Christianity. Refuting the conception of religion as a mystic quest and that of Christianity as a set of beliefs defined once and for all and focused on the rigid dogma and on the performance of a religious belief, the leaders of the Global Christian Movement were calling for a social activism of Christians and propagating their capacity to engage in practical problem solving in their own communities. With an initial focus on the mission of evangelization, the Young Christians’ Movement should be a bulwark against the growing secularism of society. However this Universalist project was itself the result of the secularization. Affirming “respect” for the “traditional” ecclesiastical structures, the Movement was guided by laypersons. Demonstrating an active concern for the means to treat the ailments of the modern industrial societies and to assure the progress of humanity, the leaders of the Young Christians’ Movement had an ambition to elaborate a “model” of a “modern” and “organized” Christian action, capable of ensuring the “integral” (moral, intellectual, physical and social) development of the individuals, with a particular emphasis on the training of the elites. Set in a long-term perspective, the ambition of the leaders of the Movement was to assure a complete social, political and economic transformation of human societies. Several problematic issues were explored: 1. The relationship between the “globalist” and “national” commitments, and the factors affecting the power relations between the different national cultures and determining the direction of circulation of ideas, experiences and practices within this internationalist movement; 2. The mechanism of and the motives invoked to justify the penetration of the American YMCA in the other countries, i.e. in Russia; 3. The relationship between religion and politics; 4. The relationship between Protestants and Orthodox Christians. This study addresses four key dichotomies: “universal” versus “national”, “laic” versus “religious”, “modernity” versus “tradition”, “political” versus “apolitical”

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Bytsenko, Anastassia. "Imigração da Rússia para o Brasil no início do século XX. Visões do paraíso e do inferno". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8155/tde-12112007-132926/.

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A proposta desta dissertação é apresentar o histórico do processo imigratório da Rússia para o Brasil e discutir as imagens do Brasil criadas pela propaganda imigratória no início do século XX. Empreendi o estudo da história do surgimento da imagem do Brasil como Paraíso e como Inferno ou Purgatório para compreensão do papel que essa imagem dualista exerceu dentro do discurso relacionado ao processo e(i)migratório da Rússia.
The proposal of this dissertation is to present the history of the immigration process from Russia to Brazil and to discuss the images of Brazil created by the migration\'s propaganda in the beginning of the XX century. This is a study about the history of the appearance of the image of Brazil as Paradise and as Hell or Purgatory. It shows the role which this dualistic image played in the discussion related to the emigration process from Russia.

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Leonidov, Ivan I. "Comparative and international legal study on the position of irregular migrants in the United Kingdom, Russia and South Africa : issues of their internal legal capacity and immigration control regimes". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2004. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/1863.

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The present thesis deals with the legal position of irregular migrants in the three receiving societies, i. e. Britain, Russia and South Africa. Irregular migrants are an exploited underclass enjoying very few, if any, entitlements in the host countries and so long as their numbers are substantial their status becomes problematic both for them and the receiving society. To deal with these challenges, I propose that immigration policies or regimes, directly or indirectly related to regulation of the irregular migrants' position (internal legal capacity) are too restrictive and discriminatory for the position of irregular migrants and do not constitute an effective means of immigration control. In order to test this hypothesis, a socio-legal analysis of irregular migrants' position is made in the following spheres: entry, residence, employment (including temporary labour migration policies) and social welfare. The position of asylum seekers constitutes an integral part of the present analysis. The research led to two general conclusions in relation to irregular migration. First of all, irregular migrants should be granted at least a limited internal juridical capacity in the countries of residence. Secondly, there should be a more liberal labour migration policy and more balanced approaches to the humanitarian needs of immigrants. These liberal solutions could nevertheless be combined with rigorous internal control.

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Tatouzov, Viktor. "L'émigration de la Russie dans le contexte de l'ouverture économique pendant la transition". Paris 1, 1998. http://www.theses.fr/1998PA010060.

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La première partie concerne la période soviétique et donne un aperçu des raisons théoriques et empiriques pour lesquelles les responsables politiques avaient fermé les frontières de l'URSS aux mouvements migratoires. Dans la deuxième partie les diverses théories occidentales des migrations sont confrontées à l'évolution concrète de l'émigration russe depuis le début des années 90. La troisième partie compare l'expérience russe d'émigration depuis le début des années 90 avec différentes autres expériences nationales ( Italie et Corée du sud), puis discute les anciennes analyses des nationalistes et des communistes russes sur les risques de dépendance de la Russie et enfin conclut par des propositions alternatives de politique migratoire
The first part is about soviet theories of closed economy and emigration. A closed economy wasn't an optimal idea thus 1990's soviet economic policy was radically changed. The main western theories of labour migration are analysed in second part. Theses theories are compared with russia's experience during the transition to a market economy. An open economy in Russia has not lead to an improvement in leaving standards : many push ; factors of emigration continue to act. In the third part the russian experience of emigration is compared to others experiences ( Italy and Republic of Korea ). Some former russian theories of colonisation are analysed and some alternatives to current migration policy are proposed

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Vorobieff, Alexandre. "Identidade e memória da comunidade russa na cidade de São Paulo". Universidade de São Paulo, 2006. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/8/8136/tde-18062007-141410/.

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O presente estudo enfoca os imigrantes russos que vieram para o Brasil e acabaram se concentrando na cidade de São Paulo e suas dificuldades para iniciar uma nova vida no país. Através dessa pesquisa, procuro entender os processos históricos que os trouxeram para o país, como a comunidade russa se estruturou diante da nova realidade, assim como destacar os fatores que dão coesão ao grupo dentro da sociedade paulistana e brasileira. Outro objetivo é a construção da identidade da comunidade russa local, utilizando os relatos e memórias dos imigrantes russos. A importância dessa pesquisa está relacionada a diversos ramos da geografia, dentre as quais destacamos a geografia da população, a geografia urbana, a geografia política e a geografia cultural, entre outras áreas do conhecimento. Para realizarmos esta pesquisa, utilizamos o método fenomenológico, buscando através da análise dos depoimentos e outros documentos as principais características da alma russa, além de utilizar o conjunto de procedimentos conhecidos como História oral. A questão da coesão cultural dentro da comunidade russa local é muito forte, mesmo após décadas dos grandes fluxos imigratórios. Apesar da assimilação da cultura brasileira, muitos descendentes de russos, mantém suas tradições culturais e religiosas, como por exemplo, através da organização de grupos folclóricos de dança, como os conhecidos Volga, Troyka e Balalaica. A fé ortodoxa, apesar do reduzido número de fiéis, devido aos falecimentos de muitos imigrantes idosos ou pela mudanças de membros da comunidade para outros locais, todas as paróquias da cidade de São Paulo continuam ativas. A pesquisa revela um pouco da memória da comunidade russa que se instalou no Brasil, principalmente na cidade de São Paulo.
The present study it focuses the Russian immigrants who had come to Brazil andhad finished if concentrating in the city of São Paulo and its difficulties to initiate a new life in the country. Through this research, I look for to understand the processes historical that had brought them for the country, as the Russian community if structuralized ahead of the new reality, as well as detaching the factors that give cohesion inside to the group of the place and Brazilian society. Another objective is the construction of the identity of the local Russian community, using the stories and memories of the Russian immigrants. The importance of this research is related the diverse branches of the geography, amongst which we detach the geography of the population, urban geography, geography politics and cultural geography, among others areas of the knowledge. To carry through this research, we use the Phenomenological method, searching through the analysis of the depositions and other documents the main characteristics of the Russian soul, besides using the set of known procedures as verbal History. The question of the cultural cohesion inside of the local Russian community is very strong, exactly after decades of the great immigratory flows. Despite the assimilation of the Brazilian culture, many descendants of Russians, keep its cultural and religious traditions, as for example, through the organization of traditional groups of dance, as known the Volga, Troyka and Balalaica. The orthodox faith, despite the reduced number of fidiciary offices, had to the deaths of many aged immigrants or for the changes of members of the community for other places, all the parishes of the city of São Paulo continue active. The research discloses a little of the memory of the Russian community that if it installed in Brazil, mainly in the city of São Paulo.

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Paulsen, Frederik Dag Arfst. "Migrations et devenir démographique en Sibérie : une approche à partir de cas régionaux". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018PSLEH197.

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La démographie de l’espace sibérien constitue le cadre général de cette étude. L’analyse se concentre sur les processus migratoires et sur le rôle qu’ils jouent dans le peuplement et le dépeuplement de l’Est de la Russie. Si les statistiques officielles nous permettent de saisir à diverses échelles géographiques les tendances principales, plusieurs enquêtes de terrain, qualitatives et quantitatives sont au cœur de ce travail, menées dans deux régions de l’Est russe : le kraï de Krasnoïarsk et l’oblast de l’Amour, auprès de la population générale et d’un échantillon de migrants présents dans les deux régions d’étude et originaires d’Ukraine, d’Arménie, d’Azerbaïdjan, Kirghizistan, Ouzbékistan, Tadjikistan et Chine.Après avoir précisé les flux migratoires intrarégionaux, le processus d’exode rural, le déclin des villes secondaires et la forte attractivité des capitales régionales, l’étude portant sur l’échantillon de migrants met l’accent sur la distinction entre les temporaires et permanents, en tenant toutefois compte de l’impossibilité d’appliquer strictement un classement binaire à un phénomène complexe et fluide. Nous identifions différentes stratégies migratoires, indépendantes des statuts légaux accordés aux migrants en Russie. En tenant compte des intentions exprimées par les répondants, on est par ailleurs en mesure d’estimer le degré de conversion des temporaires en permanents, le pourcentage des étrangers ayant l’intention de s’installer à long terme en Russie et, en définitive, l’apport de l’immigration à la population des deux régions.A l’issue de cette recherche les projections démographiques permettent de réfléchir aux conséquences démographiques de différents contextes économiques et sociopolitiques de la Russie. La démarche fait ressortir une fois encore l’importance du facteur migratoire pour le devenir démographique de la Russie, ainsi que la nécessité d’un nouveau développement de l’attractivité des régions périphériques et de la Sibérie en général.Nous développons en conclusion une réflexion sur les conditions permettant un apport positif de la migration à l’économie et à la démographie sibérienne : favoriser la mobilité temporaire et à courte distance pour freiner la migration permanente de l’Est vers l’Ouest, améliorer le potentiel d’attraction des régions sibériennes en menant un réel processus de décentralisation politique et économique. Un tel processus n’est pas d’actualité, mais pourrait prendre place à moyen ou long terme
The demographics of the Siberian area are the general framework of this study. The analysis focuses on migratory processes and the role they play in the population and depopulation of eastern Russia. Although the official statistics enable us to grasp the main trends on various geographical scales, several qualitative and quantitative field surveys are at the heart of this work, led in two regions of eastern Russia: Krasnoyarsk Krai and Amur Oblast, with the general population and a sample of migrants present in both study regions who were originally from Ukraine, Armenia, Azerbaijan, Kyrgyzstan, Uzbekistan, Tajikistan and China.After having described the intra-regional migratory flows, the rural exodus process, the decline of secondary cities and the strong appeal of the regional capitals, the study based on the sample of migrants places a strong emphasis on the difference between temporary and permanent migrants, yet takes into account the impossibility of strictly applying a binary classification to a complex and fluid phenomenon. We identify various migratory strategies that are independent from the legal statuses granted to migrants in Russia. Taking into account the intentions expressed by the respondents, we are able to estimate to what extent temporary migrants are converted to permanent migrants, the percentage of foreigners who intend to stay in Russia long term and give a definitive picture of immigration's contribution to the population of the two regions.At the end of this research, the demographic projections enable us to discuss the demographic consequences of various economic and socio-political contexts in Russia. The approach once again brings out the importance of the migratory factor to Russia's demographic future, as well as the need to newly develop the appeal of peripheral regions and Siberia in general.In conclusion, we discuss the conditions enabling the positive contribution of migration to the Siberian economy and demography: promoting temporary and short-distance mobility to slow down permanent migration from east to west and improving the potential for Siberian regions to attract migrants by leading a concrete political and economic decentralisation process. These processes are not yet in place, but could be implemented in the medium or long term

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Mamoulia, Georges. "Les combats indépendantistes des Caucasiens dans l'exil : la question caucasienne, enjeu des relations entre l'URSS et les puissances occidentales : le cas de la Géorgie, 1921-1945". Paris, EHESS, 2009. http://www.theses.fr/2009EHES0176.

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L'objectif de cette recherche est de retracer l'histoire de l'émigration caucasienne entre 1921 et 1945, en montrant le lien entre son évolution politique interne et les contacts qu'elle entretient avec les cercles dirigeants des différents États (France, Allemagne, Pologne, Italie, Japon). L'approche de l'auteur est double: il essaie de montrer le point de vue de ces émigrés chassés de leur patrie par un régime bolchevik que l'on croit d'abord éphémère, leur stratégie pour maintenir vivante la lutte pour l'indépendance. Mais il ne s'agit pas ici de tenir une chronique fastidieuse de la vie de l'émigration. L'auteur ne veut pas non plus faire une histoire sociale des émigrés caucasiens. Cette thèse est surtout consacrée à la manière dont l'enjeu caucasien s'intégrait dans le jeu des grandes puissances, l'utilisation de la carte nationale par ces dernières dans leurs relations avec l'URSS, à partir surtout du cas de la Géorgie
The aim of this research is to study the history of the Caucasian emigration in 1921¬1945, showing the ties between its internal development and the contacts established by their representatives with the governing circles of the different States (France, Germany, Poland, Italy, Japan). The author's approach is double: he tries to show the point of view of these émigrés, expelled from their homeland by the Soviet regime, deemed short-lived by many of them, and their strategy to keep alive the fight for independence. This is not a social history of the Caucasian émigrés. This dissertation aims to study the role of the Caucasus in the policy of the Great Powers, as well as on the use by these powers of the national card in their relations with the USSR, especially focusing on the case of the Georgia

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Vries, Herie de. "Cultural differences of scientific creativity : a relation with tolerance of ambiguity/uncertainty : an empirical study with children in Luxembourg, France, Thailand, India, and Russia Cultural differences in creativity: the role of immigration Scientific creativity: divergent and convergent thinking and the impact of culture Scientific creativity and ambiguity tolerance: "surface/process/core" products and student's cultural backgrounds Culture's actuation of scientific creativity: a relation with tolerance of ambiguity/uncertainty Scientific creativity in russia: fairytales or knowledge?" Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018USPCB052.

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Ce travail est une exploration de la relation entre la culture, en tant que facteur sociale et la cognition de la créativité scientifique des étudiants. Cinq études ont été réalisées. Les résultats ont indiqué plusieurs facteurs sociaux associés à la cognition créative scientifique des élèves. La première étude exploratoire, a révélé une découverte surprenante et inattendue liée aux origines culturelles. Pour les étudiants immigrants d'origine asiatique, mais pas pour les étudiants d'origine européenne ou américaine, la corrélation généralement constatée entre le trait de personnalité «ouverture» et la créativité a été inversée. Les étudiants asiatiques moins «ouverts» étaient plus créatifs que les étudiants plus «ouverts», dans les deux contextes culturels. La deuxième étude a confirmé que la divergence et la convergence sont des processus distincts du processus en deux étapes de la créativité scientifique. Les résultats confirment également que le processus convergent est particulièrement important pour la créativité scientifique. Enfin, l'étude 2 a montré que plus le nombre de membres de la famille d'un enfant nés hors de France est grand, moins ils ont intégré les concepts au cours du processus convergent. De plus, l'originalité divergente des idées était également significativement moindre pour ces étudiants. La diminution de la créativité divergente et convergente ne peut s'expliquer par le nombre de langues parlées ou par les différences socio-économiques. La troisième étude a révélé une catégorisation des idées des enfants, où elles se concentrent davantage sur des aspects observables (réponses de surface) ou non-observables "noyau" ou "processus". Cette catégorisation n'était pas liée à l'intelligence générale. Il a été observé que les idées étaient liées au niveaux spécifiques de TA. Un autre fait inattendu est que plus les élèves eux-mêmes et les membres de leur famille étaient nés à l'étranger, plus les élèves proposaient des «réponses de surface», pas explicable par le nombre de langues parlées. La quatrième étude visait à démontrer une relation entre la TA et les idées de «surface-processus-noyau» des enfants dans différents contextes culturels: la France, l'Inde et la Thaïlande. Le niveau d'AT correspondait relativement aux niveaux nationaux existants sur la dimension culturelle de l'évitement des incertitudes, ainsi qu'a la catégorisation des réponses. Par exemple, en Inde, les enfants donnaient plus d'idées de "surface" qu'en France ou Thaïlande. Cela révèle que TA, déjà entre 9 et 11 ans, est liée aux différences de potentiel créatif scientifique. La cinquième étude a montré que la catégorisation établie n'était pas liée à la réussite en science. L'étude globale a établi un lien entre la cognition et la culture, ce qui a conduit à plus de compréhension pour favoriser la créativité scientifique pour les enfants de toutes les cultures
This work is an exploration of the relationship between culture as a social factor and the cognition of students' scientific creativity. Five studies were conducted. The results indicated several social factors associated with students' creative scientific cognition. The first exploratory study revealed a surprising and unexpected discovery related to cultural origins. For immigrant students of Asian origin, but not for students of European or American origin, the generally observed correlation between the personality trait "openness" and creativity has been reversed. The less "open" Asian students were more creative than the more "open" students in both cultural contexts. The second study confirmed that divergence and convergence are distinct processes of the two-step process of scientific creativity. The results also confirm that the convergent process is particularly important for scientific creativity. Finally, study 2 showed that the greater the number of family members of a child born outside France, the less they integrated the concepts during the convergent process. In addition, the divergent originality of ideas was also significantly lower for these students. The decrease in divergent and convergent creativity cannot be explained by the number of languages spoken or by socio-economic differences. The third study revealed a categorization of children's ideas, where they focus more on observable aspects (surface responses) or unobservable 'core' or 'process'. This categorization was not related to general intelligence. It was observed that the ideas were related to the specific levels of TA. Another unexpected fact is that the more the students themselves and their family members were born abroad, the more the students proposed "surface answers", not explicable by the number of languages spoken. The fourth study aimed to demonstrate a relationship between MT and the "surface-process-core" ideas of children in different cultural contexts: France, India and Thailand. The level of TA corresponded with existing national levels on the cultural dimension of uncertainty avoidance and categorization of responses. For example, in India, children gave more "surface" ideas than in France or Thailand. This reveals that TA, already between 9 and 11 years old, is related to differences in creative scientific potential. The fifth study showed that the categorization established was not related to success in science. The global study established a link between cognition and culture, which led to more understanding to foster scientific creativity for children of all cultures

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Tereshchuk, Andrei. "La asimilación lingüística de los inmigrantes rusos en Barcelona". Doctoral thesis, Universitat de Barcelona, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10803/401597.

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Esta tesis se centra en el estudio de la asimilación lingüística de los inmigrantes rusos en la provincia de Barcelona. Se analiza el contacto lingüístico del ruso y el español. La investigación se basa en 40 entrevistas realizadas con miembros de la diáspora rusohablante en la zona. Se observan las tendencias generales notadas en el español hablado por los inmigrantes rusos en Barcelona. Además, se presta atención a las interferencias españolas y catalanas en el ruso de la diáspora, y se comparan los rasgos característicos del ruso de los inmigrantes con los del ruso de Rusia. En la introducción a la tesis se plantean los objetivos e hipótesis de la investigación y se estudia el estado de la cuestión. En los trabajos científicos dedicados a la lengua de los inmigrantes existen dos tendencias generales: el estudio de la lengua materna de los inmigrantes y el análisis de la lengua del país receptor hablada por los inmigrantes. Esta tesis se ubica en el ámbito de la segunda opción, aunque también presta atención al estudio del ruso hablado por los miembros de la comunidad rusa en Barcelona. La primera parte de la tesis está dedicada al enfoque histórico-filosófico de la migración de Rusia. Se observan las migraciones humanas en el mundo actual y se comparan diferentes modelos de integración de inmigrantes. Se hace un breve resumen de los principales puntos de vista en la filosofía rusa sobre las relaciones entre Rusia y los países de Europa Occidental. Se muestra la imagen de España en el arte y cultura rusos. Una atención especial se dedica a la historia de la emigración rusa. La investigación analiza los cambios en el carácter de este fenómeno a lo largo de los siglos XIX, XX y XXI. Se hace una descripción de las comunidades rusas en el extranjero en la actualidad. La tesis se centra en el estudio de la diáspora rusa en Cataluña; se presentan datos estadísticos, tendencias de desarrollo y la distribución geográfica de la comunidad rusa en esta región. La segunda parte introduce los planteamientos teóricos relacionados con el estudio de la lengua de los migrantes rusos. Se presenta una visión general sobre el contacto lingüístico de las lenguas española y catalana; a partir de esta información se hace la descripción de los rasgos principales del español de Cataluña. La lengua materna del grupo poblacional estudiado es el ruso; por lo tanto, en la investigación se examinan la historia, la difusión, los dialectos y los sociolectos del idioma ruso. A partir de estos datos, se realiza el análisis contrastivo del ruso y el español en todos los niveles de la lengua. Se comentan diferentes metodologías de la enseñanza del español en Rusia. La lengua rusa de los inmigrantes rusos en Barcelona experimenta una influencia considerable de los idiomas español y catalán. En la segunda parte de la tesis, se analizan las interferencias observadas en el ruso de la inmigración; se muestran las diferencias entre el ruso de la comunidad de inmigrantes estudiada y el ruso de Rusia. La tercera parte de la tesis está dedicada al comportamiento lingüístico de los inmigrantes rusos en Barcelona. Se presta una atención detenida al español hablado por los rusos residentes en esta provincia. La investigación muestra las tendencias observadas en esta variedad lingüística en los distintos niveles de la lengua. Se analiza el origen de las interferencias registradas; provienen del ruso y del catalán. Se estudia la información sociolingüística sobre los informantes encuestados; se indica la influencia de ciertos factores extralingüísticos en el conocimiento de idiomas y en la conducta verbal de los inmigrantes. El objetivo principal de la investigación es el estudio del español hablado por los inmigrantes; sin embargo, se examina también el conocimiento de la lengua catalana por los rusos residentes en Barcelona. La relevancia de la investigación radica en el hecho de que se presenta la primera descripción de la variedad del español hablada por los inmigrantes rusos en Barcelona. Este grupo de población ejerce una influencia considerable en la sociedad catalana. Además, la dinámica de crecimiento anual de la cantidad de inmigrantes rusos en la zona muestra que la variedad lingüística estudiada tiene la capacidad de conservarse y desarrollarse en el futuro.
The thesis studies the process of language assimilation of Russian immigrants in the province of Barcelona, in the autonomous community of Catalonia. It is analyzed the language contact of Spanish and Russian languages. The investigation is based on 40 interviews with the members of Russian-speaking diaspora in the region. The dissertation shows the general chracteristics of the Spanish spoken by Russian immigrants in Barcelona. It is paid a special attention to Spanish and Catalan interferences in the Russian language of the community. In the introduction to the thesis it is described the situation in the modern Linguistics in the field of studies of language of immigrants. There are two directions of investigation of the subject: the description of the changes in the mother tongue of immigrants or the analysis of the foreign language learned by the members of the diaspora. This thesis focuses on the second option, but also considers some aspects of the Russian language spoken by immigrants in Barcelona. The first part of the thesis studies the phenomenon of migration in the modern world and shows different models of integration of immigrants. It is observed a process of migration from Russia. The work distinguishes the most important movements in Russian philosophy according to their attitude towards the relations between Russia and the countries of Western Europe. It is described the perception of Spain in Russian culture. The thesis presents a brief history of Russian emigration. The development of this process during the XX century is compared with the existence of Russian-speaking communities throughout the world nowadays. Is is given attention to the Russian dispora in the province of Barcelona. The analysis is based on the data provided by the Statistical Institute of Catalonia. The second part of the dissertation is dedicated to the theoretical aspects of investigation of the language of Russian immigrants in Barcelona. It is studied the language contact between Spanish and Catalan. The latter exerts influence on the variety of Spanish spoken in the region. Is is made a brief description of this variety. The thesis focuses on the study of a group of immigrants that speak Russian as a first language. In this regard it is presented a distribution, history, dialects and sociolects of Russian language. It is made a contrastive analysis of Spanish and Russian. Basing on this comparison, the dissertation shows the main problems of Russian native speakers in the process of acquisition of Spanish. It is described the methodology of teaching Spanish in Russia. The third part of the work describes the language spoken by Russian immigrants in Barcelona. It is centered on the Russian and Catalan interferences in the Spanish discourse of the members of the diaspora. These phenomena are observed on all the levels of language. It is also featured the variety of Russian used among the immigrants from Russia in Barcelona. Is is analysed the Catalan influence on Spanish and Russian languages in the region. The thesis establishes the relation between the characteristics of the language of Russian immigrants and a number of extralinguistic variables. The significance of the investigation lays in the fact that this thesis is the first description of the variety of Spanish spoken by Russian immigrants in Barcelona. The Russian community plays an important role in the life of Catalan society. The dynamics of growth of the diaspora shows that the linguistic variety studied in the dissertation would persist in the future in this region.

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Vapné, Lisa. "Les remplaçants : migration juive de l'ex-Union soviétique en Allemagne, 1990-2010". Paris, Institut d'études politiques, 2013. http://www.theses.fr/2013IEPP0018.

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Cette thèse étudie la politique migratoire vis-à-vis d’un groupe ethnicisé accueilli en raison de son identité putative, tout comme analyse la relation à une identité assignée de ces migrants. Dans une première partie, la recherche porte sur la construction par l’Allemagne entre 1990 et 2010 d’une politique d’accueil destinée à des personnes identifiées comme juives par leurs papiers d’identité et résidant sur le territoire de l’ex-Union soviétique, dans le but de renforcer démographiquement la Communauté juive allemande : dans ce cadre, en vingt ans, plus de 200 000 personnes catégorisées comme « réfugiés du contingent » puis comme « migrants juifs » ont immigré en Allemagne. Nous y montrons qu’il est attendu de ces migrants qu’ils remplacent symboliquement les Juifs d’Allemagne émigrés avant 1933 ou exterminés sous le IIIe Reich. Mais, en raison de l’inadéquation entre les Juifs espérés et les migrants juifs postsoviétiques, déjudaisés et rencontrant des problèmes d’intégration professionnelle en Allemagne, l’accueil de ces migrants va progressivement se restreindre. À travers la mise en doute de l’authenticité de leurs papiers d’identité, la véracité de leur identité juive va être questionnée. Dans une seconde partie, s’appuyant sur des entretiens biographiques, ce travail analyse la mise en récit de l’identification comme Juif de ces migrants, avant l’immigration, pendant le processus migratoire et après l’immigration, interrogeant le passage d’une identification comme Juif stigmatisante à une identification valorisante puisque clef d’entrée pour l’immigration en Allemagne
This dissertation examines immigration policy as applied to a group defined by ethnicity and admitted on the basis of this putative identity; it concomitantly offers an analysis of the migrants' relationship to an assigned identity. The first section concerns the period 1990 to 2010, when, seeking to strengthen its Jewish Community demographically, Germany elaborated a state policy to host applicants living in countries of the former Soviet Union whose identity documents categorized them as Jewish. In twenty years, more than 200,000 people, classified initially as "quota refugees" and thereafter as "Jewish migrants," immigrated to Germany. As we demonstrate, it was expected that these migrants would symbolically replace the German Jews who had emigrated before 1933 and those exterminated by the Third Reich. However, because of the discrepancy between the Jews as anticipated and the Jewish FSU migrants - de-Judaized and faced with problems in professional integration in Germany - their admission would be increasingly restricted. Casting doubt on the authenticity of their identity papers undermined the veracity of their Jewish identity. In a second part, based on biographical interviews, this work discusses the formulation of the narrative of the migrants' identification as Jewish before, during, and after immigration, interrogating the change from Jewish identity as stigmatizing to Jewish identity as validating insofar as it was the key to immigration in Germany

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Guillaume, Damien. "Les débuts de l'"agitation antisémitique" en France dans une perspective européenne : contribution à l'histoire de l'antisémitisme". Thesis, Paris, EHESS, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019EHES0198.

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Les débuts d'une agitation proprement « antisémite » en France (non seulement en 1886 avec la parution de La France juive d'Édouard Drumont mais dès le début de la décennie) n'ont guère été considérés par l'historiographie qu'au regard de la situation nationale. Pourtant, ces débuts coïncidèrent très exactement avec divers développements de la « question juive » à l'échelle européenne auxquels les premiers antisémites français firent d'ailleurs abondamment référence. La thèse se propose d'explorer cette séquence exceptionnelle de quelques années (approximativement 1878-1884) à travers sa réception française et tâche de mettre en évidence sa profondeur historique. L'adoption d'une focale large (ou perspective européenne) permet ainsi de dégager une dynamique de fond qui correspond à l'émergence progressive, tout au long du XIXe siècle, d'une « question juive » considérée par l'ouest du continent comme typiquement est-européenne. À ce titre, le tournant des années 1880 ne fut pas seulement le moment où se fit jour en Allemagne puis ailleurs cette forme d'hostilité antijuive supposée nouvelle et autoproclamée « antisémitique ». Elle fut également – en particulier avec les polémiques sur les juifs de Roumanie lors du congrès de Berlin puis l'écho international donné à la vague de pogroms russes de 1881-1882 – une étape cruciale dans la rencontre de deux hémisphères à la fois géographiques et thématiques de la « question juive ».Ainsi mis en contexte, les débuts de l'agitation antisémite en France ne se limitèrent pas à l'émergence d'une forme particulièrement radicale d'hostilité antijuive, initiative de quelques polémistes plus ou moins en vue et de structures militantes souvent marginales. Ces débuts confirmèrent parallèlement l'existence de profondes équivoques chez les tenants d'une approche libérale de la « question juive », c'est-à-dire ceux qui étaient les plus susceptibles de défendre les juifs face aux attaques de leurs ennemis
The beginnings of the "anti-Semitic" agitation in France in the 1880s – not only with the publication of Edouard Drumont's La France juive in 1886 but even earlier in the same decade – have been explained above all by national factors in the historiography. Yet, they coincided with various concerns about the "Jewish question" on a European scale, concerns to which the first French anti-Semites were extensively referring in their texts.This PhD thesis explores (in depth) the French reception of a European phenomenon during the span of a few exceptional years (approximately 1878 to 1884). By focusing on the European context this study reveals the gradual emergence, throughout the nineteenth century, of a "Jewish question" considered by the West of the continent as typically Eastern European. As such, the turning point of the 1880s was not only the moment when, first in Germany and then in other countries, this supposedly new form of anti-Jewish hostility arose, which was called by its actors itself "anti-Semitic". These years were also – especially with the controversies over the Jews of Romania at the Congress of Berlin and the international echo given to the wave of pogroms of 1881-1882 in Russia – a crucial step in the confrontation between two hemispheres, both geographical and thematic, of the "Jewish question."Thus put in context, the beginnings of anti-Semitic agitation in France were not limited to the emergence of a particularly radical form of anti-Jewish hostility, initiated by some more or less known polemists or rather marginal groups. These beginnings also confirmed the existence of profoundly equivocal attitudes among proponents of a liberal approach to the "Jewish question," that is to say, those who were most likely to defend the Jews against the attacks of their enemies

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Gomis, François. "Les nouveaux défis et enjeux de la politique étrangère de la France en Afrique francophone subsaharienne". Thesis, Paris 5, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA05D020.

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Des années 1960 jusqu’à la fin de la guerre froide, voire au-delà, l’influence voire la prépondérance de la France sur les territoires francophones d’Afrique noire est presque totale. Cependant, en ce XXIème siècle naissant, la compétition mondiale dans la recherche de nouveaux débouchés et de la sécurisation de l’approvisionnement énergétique amène inexorablement les grandes puissances à entrer en ‘‘conflit d’intérêts’’ par la pénétration réciproque des « arrière-cours ». Ceci est particulièrement vrai pour la France qui voit des pays tels que les Etats-Unis, la Chine, l’Inde, le Brésil, la Turquie, les pays du Golfe, etc., faire une entrée fracassante dans une région géographique qu’elle considère depuis longtemps comme sa « chasse gardée » compte tenu des liens historique, linguistique et politique. Ces nouveaux défis et enjeux pour la politique africaine de la France se mesurent désormais, à l’aune des transformations à l’œuvre sur la scène internationale avec la mondialisation et l’émergence de nouvelles puissances du Sud. Les défis et les enjeux sont importants pour l’action extérieure de la France et sa place dans le monde, compte tenu de la concurrence féroce des nouveaux acteurs et des changements des sociétés africaines en cours. Néanmoins elle possède encore des atouts économiques, diplomatiques et stratégiques susceptibles de lui permettre d’élaborer, grâce à l’espace culturel francophone, un projet original, ambitieux et porteur d’espoir. Pour ce faire, il faudra répondre aux deux interrogations suivantes : Comment réformer cette politique traditionnelle basée sur des relations étroites et privilégiées avec les dirigeants africains sans toutefois compromettre les avantages comparatifs de la France sur place? Quelle stratégie politique mettre en œuvre pour identifier les véritables intérêts communs des Français et des Africains francophones, en tenant compte des opportunités et des menaces, et les développer dans un partenariat mutuellement bénéfique ?
From 1960s to the end of the cold war, even beyond, the influence even the supremacy of France in the French-speaking territories in Sub-Saharan Africa is almost total. However, in this 21st century, the world competition in the research of new markets and the security of the energy supply leads inexorably the great powers to enter in “conflict of interests” by the mutual penetration of the “back-yards”. This is particularly true for France which has countries such as the United States, China, India, Brazil, Turkey, the Gulf Arab States, etc., to make a dramatic entrance in a geographical area where she judged it for a long time as her “exclusive domain” considering the historical, linguistic and political links. These new challenges and issues for the African policy of France are measured from now on, in the light of the transformations at work in the world with the globalization and the emergence of new powers of the South. The challenges and the issues are important for the external action of France and its place in the World, considering the fierce competition between new stakeholders and the ongoing African society changes. Nevertheless it still has economic, diplomatic and strategic assets which enable him to elaborate, thanks to the francophone cultural center, an original project, ambitious and promising. With this aim in mind, it will be necessary to answer to the two following questions: How to reform this traditional policy based on close and privileged relationships with African leaders without compromising, however, the comparative advantages of France on the spot? Which political strategy has to be implemented in order to identify the real common interests of the French and the French-speaking Africans, by taking into account the opportunities and threats, and to develop them in a mutually beneficial partnership?

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Jensen, Robyn. "Double Exposure: Picturing the Self in Russian Emigre Culture". Thesis, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7916/d8-w0zc-vy30.

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Double exposure has often been used as a metaphor for the condition of emigration: of being between two places simultaneously, of layering the memory of one place onto another. To extend the metaphor of double exposure, this study turns to the medium of photography itself to explore how it functions within Russian émigré narratives of the self. I examine how Vladimir Nabokov, Joseph Brodsky, Gary Shteyngart, and the visual artist Ilya Kabakov use photographs in their autobiographical works—from literary memoirs to art installations—as a device for representing the divided self in emigration. “Double exposure” works as a flexible concept in this dissertation: as a metaphor for exilic double consciousness; for the autobiographical tension between multiple selves; and as a model for the composite structure of these texts that join together word and image. Bringing together photography and autobiography in this study, I explore how the “objective” medium of photography offers these authors a version of the self as visual object to be used creatively within their own self-representations. Self-representation, after all, involves the transformation of one’s own subjectivity into an object of investigation. And the objectivity of the photograph cannot be divorced from the subjective experience of looking at and interpreting the sense data that the image supplies. The photograph’s uneasy relationship between objectivity and subjectivity makes it a rich source for autobiographical practices of self-creation and self-investigation. The photographs and their textual mediation work as visual metonyms that stand in for the larger project of self-representation; they picture the act of picturing the self. This dissertation charts the critical ambivalence to family photographs in these works, how they stage a back-and-forth between an affective or nostalgic attitude to images and a sharp awareness of the limits or dangers of such an attitude. The subjects of this dissertation reveal a divided attitude to the visual medium, both attracted and repelled by the promise of photographs. The divided attitude to photographs in these works, I argue, stems in part from a crisis in vision. From the semiotic appraisal of photographs to the disciplinary and propagandistic abuses of photography, to see the photograph as an uncomplicated restoration of the past is no longer possible by the second half of the twentieth century (if, indeed, it ever was). And yet, it is the very losses of the twentieth century that make urgent the need to collect and preserve the fragments that remain. These authors exhibit an ambivalence about how photographs preserve the past and what kind of information they provide us with, about how these images represent the self (and the family), and finally about how this form of representation compares with the written word. Each of my four chapters examines a different modality of this ambivalent approach to photographs as they intersect with narrating the self: Nabokov’s agonistic contest between photography and his visual memory; Brodsky’s resignation to the modern photographic condition that ruptures the continuity of memory and experience; Shteyngart’s divided reading of the self from a hyphenated Russian-American perspective; and Kabakov’s ironically sincere recuperation of an affective response after postmodernism. Considering photos as both indexical documents that provide evidence but also as indeterminate images that demand interpretation, I read the photographs as an integral component of self-construction in these works, rather than as transparent illustrations of the self. These photographs offer a productive site for representing the divided self in emigration, the experience of trauma, and the convergence of personal and social history.

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Skornyakova, Uliana. "Coming out (or not) of Russian LGBT immigrants: What is changing regarding disclosure with an immigration experience". Master's thesis, 2021. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/23844.

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This study explores how Russian LGBT+ immigrants in Europe present their experience of coming out using the Identity Process Theory framework to identify identity principles and threats associated with leaving their homeland and to changes taking place with the immigration process. For this study, 11 Russian LGBT+ immigrants living in countries that endorse laws and policies in favor of LGBT+ rights were interviewed. Through the prism of their experience, immigration is portrayed as a successful coping strategy in dealing with identity threats. The study found that in their home country, participants experienced multiple identity threats based on sexual orientation and faced challenges in different situations of coming out, for example, concerning family members, colleagues at work, or various social institutions. With the immigration process, they were able to cope with most of the threats that affected them in their homeland, but at the same time, the participants faced new identity threats in the role of immigrants. In the end, the participants believed that the difficulties associated with immigration are worth it, and even broadcast that they have found happiness in the new country. Findings show the applicability of the Identity Process Theory framework for studying the experience of Russian LGBT+ immigrants, which helps to understand the motives of this minority group, the difficulties they face, their desires and needs, which is useful for psychologists, workers of social and migration services who work with LGBT+ immigrants, providing assistance to this group of minorities.
Este estudo explora como os imigrantes LGBT+ russos na Europa apresentam a sua experiência de coming out usando a Teoria do Processo Identitário para identificar princípios de identidade e ameaças associadas à saída da sua terra natal e às mudanças que ocorrem com o processo de imigração. Para este estudo, foram entrevistados 11 imigrantes russos LGBT+ que vivem em países que endossam leis e políticas a favor dos direitos LGBT+. Pelo prisma da sua experiência, a imigração é retratada como uma estratégia de enfrentamento bem-sucedida para lidar com ameaças à identidade. O estudo constatou que, no seu país de origem, os participantes experimentaram múltiplas ameaças de identidade com base na orientação sexual e enfrentaram desafios em diferentes situações de coming out, por exemplo, em relação a parentes, colegas de trabalho ou várias instituições sociais. Com o processo de imigração, eles conseguiram fazer frente à maioria das ameaças que os afetaram na sua terra natal, mas ao mesmo tempo os participantes enfrentaram novas ameaças de identidade no papel de imigrantes. No final, os participantes relataram que as dificuldades associadas à imigração valeram a pena, e até que encontraram a felicidade no novo país. Os resultados mostram a aplicabilidade do referencial da Teoria do Processo Identitário para estudar a experiência de imigrantes russos LGBT+, o que ajuda a compreender os motivos deste grupo minoritário, as dificuldades que enfrentam, seus desejos e necessidades. Estes resultados serão úteis para psicólogos, trabalhadores da área social e serviços de migração que trabalham com imigrantes LGBT+.

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Johnston, Candace G. "Perception and action : an analysis on communication between U.S. sponsorship and Russian speaking immigrants". Thesis, 1993. http://hdl.handle.net/1957/35765.

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The problems of Russian speaking refugees from the Ukraine region of the former Soviet Union are the basis for ethnographic inquiry and the delineation of the role of voluntary agencies who assist their resettlement in Portland, Oregon. Interpretive methods are the foundation for an analysis of Ukrainians' perceptions of problems inherent in the migration and communication process. Though their reasons for emigration are understood, techniques of participant observation reveal otherwise hidden aspects of the effect of bilingualism and Ukrainians' perception of the role of resettlement agencies as representatives of the state. The intention of the research is to contribute to the field of anthropological study of social issues and refugee resettlement. In the aim of conflict resolution, the research focus seeks to improve communication between those in authority and those subordinate to the prerogative of immigration law.
Graduation date: 1994

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Korolius, Anastasia. "Russian immigrant mothers in Portugal: integration and parental practices". Master's thesis, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/10071/14183.

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Russian diaspora in Portugal grew notably in these last decades, yesterday`s work migrants became long residents, brought their children and family and attracted increased flow of compatriots to the country. The purpose of this study was to understand the interdependence between the integration of the parents (primarily mothers) to the host society and their parental practices and change of parenting styles according to the classification introduced by Baumrind (1967) and using ecological approach. The integration level of Russian immigrants in Portugal was studied through such dimensions as housing, language, participation in the labour market, perception of Portuguese culture, values and lifestyle, social networks and contacts with home country. The aim was to discover how these dimensions influence the family dynamics (e.g. sharing of responsibilities and time management) and children`s experience in the new country (such as schooling, participation and friends-making). It was a qualitative research of 10 Russian speaking immigrant women raring children in Portugal, focusing on participant`s unique experience and perception of the new country. The data was collected in Russian language through in-depth individual interviews using semi-structured questionnaire, the data was also expanded by field notes made during observations and fieldwork data collected on-line. The results showed that parenting styles indeed could change due to immigration in the process of internalizing lifestyle and values of the host society, but at the same time they also depend on child`s age and mother`s socio-economic status in the host society and the feeling of empowerment/helplessness connected to it.

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Dali, Keren. "“The Psychosocial Portrait of Immigration through the Medium of Reading”: Leisure Reading and Its Role in the Lives of Russian-speaking Immigrants in Toronto". Thesis, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/33803.

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This doctoral study investigates the nature and role of leisure reading in the lives of avid immigrant readers. Guided by hermeneutic phenomenology and conducted by means of surveys and in-depth interviews, it uses a sample of Russian-speaking immigrants in Toronto, Canada, as a case study. The overarching research problem is divided into three research questions (RQ): RQ1: Who are the readers? RQ2: What are the main characteristics of reading behavior and habits of participants after immigration? RQ3: What role does leisure reading play in participants’ lives in immigration? Answering RQ1, the study paints demographic and socio-cultural portraits of participants; recreates a variety of contexts shaping their reading; and unfolds their reader histories. In response to RQ2, it traces immediate post-immigration fluctuations in reading behavior; records the most peculiar reading contents; explores participants’ self-perceptions as readers; outlines the major areas of post-immigration changes in leisure reading; and presents the analysis of acculturation stress in the area of leisure reading. It is concluded that leisure reading can be a more sensitive indicator of acculturation than more utilitarian measures, because it can open a window to the cultural and psychological intricacies of acculturation. Finally, RQ3 generates a theoretical discussion of the concept of ‘the role of reading’ and determines the study focus on immigration-specific, emotional and instrumental, roles. Leisure reading is found important in coping with the culture shock; sharing the experience of others and assessing personal immigration paths; re-evaluating the history of the fatherland and gaining a new perspective on the national heritage; stabilizing identity; learning about the new country; improving English-language proficiency; and compensating for the deficiencies of a transitional period. In addition, leisure reading emerges as a powerful force cementing ethnic and transnational reading communities. The study expands the selected acculturation models and theories; introduces clarity to the concepts of the role and appeal of reading; highlights the dual and self-reinforcing function of reading as a measure and a determinant of acculturation. Finally, it presents a systematic examination of the ethnic readership that has escaped the attention of reading researchers in the largest immigrant-receiving countries, Canada and the United States.

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Shvarts, Alexander. "Elite Entrepreneurs from the Former Soviet Union: How They Made Their Millions". Thesis, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1807/32952.

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One of the most interesting results of the collapse of the former Soviet Union is the emergence of successful cosmopolitan entrepreneurs from former Soviet republics who have immigrated to countries, such as the United States and Canada, and settled in metropolitan areas like Toronto and have made millions establishing businesses in their new host countries. I have chosen to study successful cosmopolitan entrepreneurs from the former Soviet Union because this group has immigrated from a place where the free market economy and privatization did not exist prior to the 1980s, so the important intellectual issue, is how did immigrants who grew up most of their lives in a state-controlled communist system where entrepreneurship was forbidden learn to become so adept at starting businesses in a market economy when they moved to Toronto. One of the central questions that this dissertation aims to address is: How did experiences in the former Soviet communist economy and in the transitional economy affect the role that human capital, financial capital, and social capital played in establishing businesses in Toronto. This study is based on thirty two interviews that I have conducted with two cohorts of immigrants from the former Soviet Union, those who immigrated to Toronto in the late 1970s and early 1980s and those that immigrated in the late 1980s and 1990s. To address how Russian immigrants established businesses in Toronto, I used three bodies of literature, including (1) transitional economy, (2) ethnic and class dimensions of entrepreneurship, and (3) transnationalism to examine how each of the following factors: 1) social capital, 2) financial capital, 3) human capital, and 4) home country experience, specifically experience in the former Soviet communist economy and experience in the transitional economy affected the Russian entrepreneur at each stage of business development in Toronto.

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Medvedeva, Anna. "Psychologické aspekty akulturace migrantů v České republice". Master's thesis, 2016. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-345005.

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Adaptation of immigrants is one of the most relevant international and national issues in the modern world. In this thesis, the psychological aspects of immigrants' acculturation changes occurring in the Czech Republic will be discussed. Acculturation appears to be a complex, dynamic process that involves a large number of elements, the interaction between which is the subject of our research. An important aspect in the process of acculturation is the phenomenon of acculturative stress. Successful overcoming of acculturative stress depends on a number of predictors and its research might be beneficial not only for immigrants, but for the host society as well. The desirable aim of any acculturation process is the effective adaptation of immigrants, which is associated with creating a series of prospective psychological competencies. In the empirical part we wanted to investigate the interrelationship between selected factors influencing the preference of acculturation strategy: moderating factors prior to (sociodemographic characteristics, tolerance, anxiety) - and during acculturation (personal characteristics such as anxiety and coping strategies). The performed analysis utilizes quantitative data processing based on methods of statistical analysis. The data was obtained using questionnaires from...

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Kotzias, Panagiotis. "Erdogan's Turkey; a new national security narrative and foreign policy that is directly antithetic to NATO's narrative". Master's thesis, 2018. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-389478.

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Within the current epoch, the North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO) is challenged more than ever. The axiomatic values established in the post-Cold War era from the Western Liberal block are faced once again with antithetic narratives, reflecting strong elements of authoritarianism and dogmatic positions. This time however, the threat is coming from within. Turkey's stance after the 2016 military coup is steadily developing a rift not only with the European Union, but NATO as well.

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Rempel, Andrej. "Wertewandel im Denken freikirchlicher Aussiedler aus der ehemaligen UdSSR als missiologisches Problem". 1999. http://hdl.handle.net/10500/17611.

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Franc, Aleš. "Zahraniční studenti češtiny v České republice (Příspěvek k problematice migrace a studentů-migrantů v českém prostředí)". Doctoral thesis, 2012. http://www.nusl.cz/ntk/nusl-311412.

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in English The dissertation thesis deals with foreign students in the Czech republic, specifically immigrant students coming from all over the world - from Belarus, Russia and Ukraine and then from China, Japan, Korea and Vietnam. The basic objective of this work is not a real attempt to display the everyday reality of certain groups of migrant-students of Czech language in the Czech Republic in such a way that it only focuses on the problems and barriers they encounter in their studies in the Czech language. It also deals with their adaptation and integration into mainstream Czech society. At the same time, however, we realize that this work is only a partial contribution to the knowledge of migrant-students' life in the Czech environment between 1998 and 2011. This work is based on relevant literature and the research is based on interviews with students and teaching observations. The choice of qualitative methods was intentional to serve our matter the best, since there has been a lack of research in this particular area in recent times. This focus on qualitative techniques is also dependent on the characteristics of the sample group, especially in the linguistic and sociocultural realm. The research was carried out at the Institute of Language and Training of the Charles University in Prague...

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