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Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

Data aktualizacji: 31 lipca 2025

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1

Alexander, William Nathan. "Sound from Rough Wall Boundary Layers." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/29246.

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Turbulent flow over a rough surface produces sound that radiates outside the near wall region. This noise source is often at a lower level than the noise created by edges and bluff body flows, but for applications with large surface area to perimeter ratios at low Mach number, this noise source can have considerable levels. In the first part of this dissertation, a detailed study is made of the ability of the Glegg & Devenport (2009) scattering theory to predict roughness noise. To this end, comparisons are made with measurements from cuboidal and hemispherical roughness with roughness Reynold

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2

Kutlar, Ahmet Ihsan. "Turbulant boundary layers on rough painted surfaces." Thesis, University of Liverpool, 1993. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.359178.

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3

Dyer, Luke Oliver. "Parabolic boundary value problems with rough coefficients." Thesis, University of Edinburgh, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/1842/33276.

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This thesis is motivated by some of the recent results of the solvability of elliptic PDE in Lipschitz domains and the relationships between the solvability of different boundary value problems. The parabolic setting has received less attention, in part due to the time irreversibility of the equation and difficulties in defining the appropriate analogous time-varying domain. Here we study the solvability of boundary value problems for second order linear parabolic PDE in time-varying domains, prove two main results and clarify the literature on time-varying domains. The first result shows a re

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4

Tarada, F. H. A. "Heat transfer to rough turbine blading." Thesis, University of Sussex, 1987. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.379448.

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5

Rapetto, Marco. "Rough surfaces in contact : artificial intelligence and boundary lubrication." Licentiate thesis, Luleå tekniska universitet, Maskinelement, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-25874.

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Interacting surfaces are found in mechanical systems and components. Since engineered surfaces are not perfectly smooth, only a fraction of the nominal surface area is actually in contact. This fraction is denoted as the real area of contact, Ar, and is formed by the sum of the contact spots between the two touching surfaces. If these contacting surfaces are sliding, then friction and wear occur in these actual contacts. Friction and wear may be controlled by lubrication: depending on the operating conditions different types of lubrication regime exist. When the surfaces are completely separat

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6

Rapetto, Marco Pietro. "Rough surfaces in contact : artificial intelligence and boundary lubrication /." Luleå : Luleå University of Technology, 2008. http://epubl.ltu.se/1402-1757/2008/16/.

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7

Ross, Christopher Roger. "Direct and inverse scattering by rough surfaces." Thesis, Brunel University, 1996. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.318675.

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8

Chang, Chung-Yie. "Boundary value problems for differential equations driven by rough signals." Thesis, Imperial College London, 1998. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.299835.

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9

Smith, Benjamin Scott. "Wall Jet Boundary Layer Flows Over Smooth and Rough Surfaces." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27597.

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The aerodynamic flow and fluctuating surface pressure of a plane, turbulent, two-dimensional wall jet flow into still air over smooth and rough surfaces has been investigated in a recently constructed wall jet wind tunnel testing facility. The facility has been shown to produce a wall jet flow with Reynolds numbers based on the momentum thickness, Re<SUB>&delta</SUB> = &deltaU<SUB>m</SUB>/&nu, of between 395 and 1100 and nozzle exit Reynolds numbers, Re<SUB>j</SUB> = U<SUB>m</SUB>b/&nu, of between 16000 and 45000. The wall jet flow properties (&delta, &delta<SUP>*</SUP>, &theta, y<SUB>1</SUB

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10

Arens, Tilo. "The scattering of elastic waves by rough surfaces." Thesis, Brunel University, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311560.

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11

Gagné, Jean-François. "An improved method for modelling fully rough turbulent boundary layer flows." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 1998. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/mq36888.pdf.

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12

Tachie, Mark Francis. "Open channel turbulent boundary layers and wall jets on rough surfaces." Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2001. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk3/ftp04/NQ63927.pdf.

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13

Kreuter, Marcel [Verfasser]. "Vector-valued elliptic boundary value problems on rough domains / Marcel Kreuter." Ulm : Universität Ulm, 2019. http://d-nb.info/1177882434/34.

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14

Stewart, Douglas John. "Finite element schemes for elliptic boundary value problems with rough coefficients." Thesis, Brunel University, 1998. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/5529.

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We consider the task of computing reliable numerical approximations of the solutions of elliptic equations and systems where the coefficients vary discontinuously, rapidly, and by large orders of magnitude. Such problems, which occur in diffusion and in linear elastic deformation of composite materials, have solutions with low regularity with the result that reliable numerical approximations can be found only in approximating spaces, invariably with high dimension, that can accurately represent the large and rapid changes occurring in the solution. The use of the Galerkin approach with such hi

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15

Sharma, Sanjib. "Uniform Flow Development Length in a Rough Laboratory Flume." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1620.

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Test sections in laboratory studies should be fully developed and uniform if they are to be generalized. The objective of this study is to develop a model for predicting the uniform flow development length (Lunif) in a rough laboratory flume as a function of hydraulic parameters and bed particle roughness height (ks). Using an ADV time-averaged point velocity was measured in developing and fully developed turbulent subcritical rough open-channel flows. A series of laboratory tests were carried out in a 6.1-m-long and 0.46-m-wide rectangular channel. Tests were conducted with fine gravel (d50 =

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16

Sen, Mehmet Ali. "Proper Orthogonal Decomposition Methodology to Understand Underlying Physics of Rough-Wall Turbulent Boundary Layer." Fogler Library, University of Maine, 2007. http://www.library.umaine.edu/theses/pdf/SenMA2007.pdf.

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17

Watt, Robert McFarlane. "Effects of surface roughness on the boundary-layer characteristics of turbine aerofoils." Thesis, University of Oxford, 1988. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.330065.

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18

Kerevanian, G. K. "Experimental investigation of turbulent boundary layers on uniform, well-defined rough walls." Thesis, Queen's University Belfast, 2002. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.269051.

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19

Meyers, Timothy Wade. "The Rough Wall High Reynolds Number Turbulent Boundary Layer Surface Pressure Spectrum." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/25880.

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There have been very few studies investigating the rough wall pressure spectra under fully rough flows, which are relevant to many common engineering applications operating within this regime. This investigation uses the Virginia Tech Stability Wind Tunnel to perform experiments on a series of high Reynolds number zero pressure gradient turbulent boundary layers formed over rough walls in an effort to better understand and characterize the behavior of the rough wall pressure spectrum. The boundary layers were fully rough, and the boundary layer height remained sufficiently larger than the heig

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20

Forest, Jonathan Bradley. "The Wall Pressure Spectrum of High Reynolds Number Rough-Wall Turbulent Boundary Layers." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31114.

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The presence of roughness on a surface subject to high Reynolds number flows promotes the formation of a turbulent boundary layer and the generation of a fluctuating pressure field imposed on the surface. While numerous studies have investigated the wall pressure fluctuations over zero-pressure gradient smooth walls, few studies have examined the effects of surface roughness on the wall pressure field. Additionally, due to the difficulties in obtaining high Reynolds number flows over fully rough surfaces in laboratory settings, an even fewer number of studies have investigated this phenomenon

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21

Konidaris, Spyridon G. "Electromagnetic scattering from rough surfaces using the On-Surface Radiation Boundary Condition (OSRC) method." Thesis, Monterey, California. Naval Postgraduate School, 1990. http://hdl.handle.net/10945/30624.

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Approved for public release, distribution unlimited<br>Electromagnetic scattering from rough surfaces is of prime importance in the engineering field since it affects communications, radar, remote sensing, acoustics, etc. The actual problem of scattering from rough surfaces is complicated and involves three dimensional scattering from either lossy or dielectric, electrically large surface. Integral equations are widely utilized to solve this kind of problem but this solution to the problem is generally computationally intensive. In the On-Surface Radiation Boundary Condition (OSRC) method, a h

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22

Sapkota, Deependra. "TRIPPING OF THE BOUNDARY LAYER DEVELOPMENT LENGTH OVER ROUGH AND FULLY TURBULENT SUBCRITICAL FLUME." OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1801.

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The distance required for flow entering a laboratory channel to become fully-developed and uniform can be substantial. Given the need to establish fully-developed uniform flow, if the length of a laboratory channel is not substantial then it likely that the flume cannot be used to conduct open-channel flow research. In laboratory studies where the channel bed is hydraulically rough, the noted problem can be lessened by minimizing the length over which the flow becomes fully-developed and uniform (Lunif). For this study it is hypothesized that if bed material with a roughness height (ks, ∆) is

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23

McClain, Stephen Taylor. "A discrete-element model for turbulent flow over randomly-rough surfaces." Diss., Mississippi State : Mississippi State University, 2002. http://library.msstate.edu/etd/show.asp?etd=etd-04032002-140007.

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24

George, Jacob. "Structure of 2-D and 3-D Turbulent Boundary Layers with Sparsely Distributed Roughness Elements." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/27935.

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The present study deals with the effects of sparsely distributed three-dimensional elements on two-dimensional (2-D) and three-dimensional (3-D) turbulent boundary layers (TBL) such as those that occur on submarines, ship hulls, etc. This study was achieved in three parts: Part 1 dealt with the cylinders when placed individually in the turbulent boundary layers, thereby considering the effect of a single perturbation on the TBL; Part 2 considered the effects when the same individual elements were placed in a sparse and regular distribution, thus studying the response of the flow to a sequence

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25

Bomminayuni, Sandeep Kumar. "Large eddy simulation of turbulent flow over a rough bed using the immersed boundary method." Thesis, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1853/34821.

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Study of turbulent flow over a rough bed is highly important due to its numerous applications in the areas of sediment transport and pollutant discharge in streams, rivers and channels. Over the past few decades, many experimental studies have been conducted in this respect to understand the underlying phenomenon. However, there is a scarcity in the number of computational studies conducted on this topic. Therefore, a Large Eddy Simulation (LES) of turbulent flow over a rough channel bed was conducted to contribute further understanding of the influence of bed roughness on turbulent flow prope

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26

Wang, Lu Ph D. Massachusetts Institute of Technology. "Self-shrinkers of mean curvature flow and harmonic map heat flow with rough boundary data." Thesis, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/1721.1/67817.

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Thesis (Ph. D.)--Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Dept. of Mathematics, 2011.<br>Cataloged from PDF version of thesis.<br>Includes bibliographical references (p. 59-63).<br>In this thesis, first, joint with Longzhi Lin, we establish estimates for the harmonic map heat flow from the unit circle into a closed manifold, and use it to construct sweepouts with the following good property: each curve in the tightened sweepout, whose energy is close to the maximal energy of curves in the sweepout, is itself close to a closed geodesic. Second, we prove the uniqueness for energy decreasing weak s

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27

Alveroğlu, Burhan. "The convective instability of the BEK system of rotating boundary-layer flows over rough disks." Thesis, University of Leicester, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2381/37977.

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A numerical study investigating the effects of surface roughness on the stability properties of the BEK system of flows is introduced. The BEK system of flows occur in many engineering applications such as turbo-machinery and rotor-stator devices, therefore they have great practical importance. Recent studies have been concerned with the effects of surface roughness on the von Kármán flow. The aim of this thesis is to investigate whether distributed surface roughness could be used as a passive drag reduction technique for the broader BEK system of flows. If it can, what is “the right sort of r

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28

Walshe, John D. "CFD modelling of wind flow over complex and rough terrain." Thesis, Loughborough University, 2003. https://dspace.lboro.ac.uk/2134/7827.

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A model has been developed using the general-purpose Navier-Stokes solver CFX4 to simulate Atmospheric Boundary Layer flow over complex terrain. This model has been validated against the measured data from the Askervein Hill experiment, and has been shown to perform well. The CFD model is also compared to the WAsP linear model of wind flow over topography, and a significant improvement is noted for flow over complex topography. Boundary conditions, gridding issues and sensitivity to other solver parameters have all been investigated. An advanced roughness model has been developed to simulate f

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29

Rasnick, Matthew Byron. "The Noise of a Boundary Layer Flowing Over Discrete Roughness Elements." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/33202.

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This study focuses on measuring and normalizing the roughness noise of multiple roughness types across numerous layouts and flow speeds. Using the Virginia Tech Anechoic Wall Jet Facility, far field noise was recording for the flow of a turbulent wall jet boundary layer over cubes, hemispheres, and gravel, with element heights in the range of 14.3 - 55.2% of the boundary layer thickness. The sound radiated from the various layouts showed that the elements acted as independent sources when separated by three element diameters center-to-center or more. When the elements were placed shoulder

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30

Mansour-Tehrani, Mehrdad. "Spacial distribution and scaling of bursting events in boundary layer turbulence over smooth and rough surfaces." Thesis, University College London (University of London), 1992. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.261297.

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31

Joseph, Liselle AnnMarie. "Pressure Fluctuations in a High-Reynolds-Number Turbulent Boundary Layer over Rough Surfaces of Different Configurations." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/79630.

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The pressure fluctuations under a high Reynolds Number, rough-wall, turbulent, boundary layer have been studied in the Virginia Tech Stability Wind Tunnel. Rough surfaces of varying element height (1-mm, 3-mm), shape (hemispheres, cylinders) and spacing (5.5-mm, 10.4-mm, 16.5-mm) were investigated in order to ascertain how the turbulent pressure fluctuations change with changes in roughness geometry. Rough surfaces which contain two types of elements are investigated and relationships between the combination surface and the individual surfaces have been uncovered. Measurements of the wall pres

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32

Repasky, Russell James. "Turbulent Boundary Layers over Rough Surfaces: Large Structure Velocity Scaling and Driver Implications for Acoustic Metamaterials." Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/90796.

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Turbulent boundary layer and metamaterial properties were explored to initiate the viability of controlling acoustic waves driven by pressure fluctuations from flow. A turbulent boundary layer scaling analysis was performed on zero-pressure-gradient turbulent boundary layers over rough surfaces, for 30,000≤〖Re〗_θ≤100,000. Relationships between fluctuating pressures and velocities were explored through the pressure Poisson equation. Certain scaling laws were implemented in attempts to collapse velocity spectra and turbulence profiles. Such analyses were performed to justify a proper scaling of

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33

Zhang, Libiao. "Modelling uncertain decision boundary for text classification." Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2016. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/102042/1/Libiao_Zhang_Thesis.pdf.

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Text classification is to classify documents into predefined categories by learned classifiers. Classic text classifiers cannot unambiguously describe decision boundary between relevant and irrelevant documents because of uncertainties caused by feature selection and knowledge learning. This research proposes a three-way decision model for dealing with uncertain decision boundary based on rough sets and centroid solution to improve classification performance. It partitions training samples into three regions by two main boundary vectors, and resolves the boundary region by two derived boundary

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34

Grissom, Dustin Leonard. "A Study of Sound Generated by a Turbulent Wall Jet Flow Over Rough Surfaces." Diss., Virginia Tech, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/28336.

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The far field acoustics generated by turbulent flow over rough surfaces has been experimentally investigated in an acoustically treated wall jet facility. The facility allows direct measurement of the far field sound from small patches of surface roughness, without contamination from edge or other aerodynamic noise sources. The facility is capable of generating turbulent boundary layer flows with momentum thickness Reynolds numbers between 450 and 1160. The variation of surface conditions tested cover the range from hydrodynamically smooth surfaces through most of the transitional range, wi

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35

Ren, Huiying. "Experimental Studies of Turbulent Boundary Layers Over a Rough Forward-facing Step and its Coarse Scale Resolution Approximations." Wright State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=wright1292449621.

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36

Moon, Jiyoung. "Rheological Behavior of Complex Fluid with Deformable and Rigid Particles." Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/17106.

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Predicting the rheological properties of particles in matrix is one of the most challenging and complicated problems in material and fluid sciences. The complication is arisen by the particles collision and interactions with the surrounding fluid. A full description of the rheology of particles requires a complete understanding of the interactions between particles, interaction between the particles and the matrix fluid, and interactions between channel and particles. Thus consideration of above factors can lead to a better understanding of the rheological behavior of suspensions with particle

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37

Leaman, Nye Abigail. "Scattering of internal gravity waves." Thesis, University of Cambridge, 2011. https://www.repository.cam.ac.uk/handle/1810/238679.

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Internal gravity waves play a fundamental role in the dynamics of stably stratified regions of the atmosphere and ocean. In addition to the radiation of momentum and energy remote from generation sites, internal waves drive vertical transport of heat and mass through the ocean by wave breaking and the mixing subsequently produced. Identifying regions where internal gravity waves contribute to ocean mixing and quantifying this mixing are therefore important for accurate climate and weather predictions. Field studies report significantly enhanced measurements of turbulence near 'rough' ocean top

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38

Tournier, Simon. "Contribution à la modélisation de la diffusion électromagnétique par des surfaces rugueuses à partir de méthodes rigoureuses." Thesis, Toulouse, ISAE, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ESAE0008/document.

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Cette thèse traite de la diffusion par des surfaces rugueuses monodimensionnelles. Les surfaces présentant des petites échelles de variations nécessitent une discrétisation fine pour représenter les effets de diffusion sur le champ diffracté, ce qui augmente les coûts numériques. Deux aspects sont considérés : la réduction de la taille du problème en construisant une condition aux limiteséquivalente traduisant les effets des variations rapides et la réduction du nombre d’itérations nécessaires pour résoudre le système linéaire issu de la méthode des moments par une méthode basée sur les sous-e

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39

Kubwimana, Thierry. "Simulation de l'écoulement atmosphérique au voisinage d'une tête de tunnel." Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEC023.

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La conception d’un système de ventilation mécanique dans un tunnel nécessite de recenser tous les phénomènes physiques mis en jeu dans le mouvement de l’air dans le tunnel. Et ceci afin d’établir les capacités de ventilation nécessaires au regard d’objectifs règlementaires. On peut compter parmi ces phénomènes les effets atmosphériques, et notamment l’effet du vent, susceptible de générer des surpressions ou dépressions à proximité des ouvertures d’un tunnel et par conséquent d’induire ou de modifier un courant d’air établi à l’intérieur de celui-ci. Le présent travail entend contribuer à une

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40

Rouzès, Maxime. "Etude expérimentale de l'hydrodynamique d'un écoulement turbulent à surface libre sur fond rugueux à faible submersion." Phd thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2015. http://oatao.univ-toulouse.fr/14164/1/rouzes.pdf.

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L'étude concerne les couches limites turbulentes dans le cas d'écoulements à surface libre sur fond rugueux homogène. Afin de réaliser cette étude, deux dispositifs de mesure PIV par stéréoscopie (PIV 2D-3C) ont été mis en place avec comme double objectif de fournir les lignes directrices au design d'un système stéréoscopique PIV in situ et d'étudier l'influence de la faible submersion des éléments rugueux sur la structure universelle de la couche limite sur fond rugueux, i.e. pour des submersions h/D comprises entre 0,33 et 0,66 (avec h la hauteur des rugosités et D la hauteur d'eau). Pour l

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41

Toussaint, Damien. "Couche limite turbulente sur paroi rugueuse : étude expérimentale et modélisation." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020INPT0122.

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Les écoulements sur parois rugueuses apparaissent dans de nombreuses situations environnementales ou industrielles, notamment dans l'aéronautique. Par rapport au cas idéal d'une paroi lisse, une augmentation de traînée et du flux de chaleur pariétal, susceptible de dégrader les performances d'un système (aile, machine tournante...), est induite par les rugosités. La prise en compte des effets des rugosités est ainsi souhaitable dans tout processus de conception. Plusieurs approches permettent de modéliser les effets de ces rugosités. Dans le cadre de cette étude, on considère la Méthode par El

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42

Salizzoni, Pietro. "Mass and momentum transfer in the urban boundary layer." Ecully, Ecole centrale de Lyon, 2006. http://www.theses.fr/2006ECDL0015.

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The dispersion of pollutants in the atmosphere in urban areas is a complex process which depends on several physical phenomena. The present work analyzes the mechanisms of the mass and momentum exchange in the urban atmospheric boundary layer. In particular we focused our attention on the lower part of the atmospheric boundary layer, where the °ow dynamics are typically determined by the size and the density of the buildings and by the street geometry. In order to analyze these processes we have performed a wind tunnel investigation of the °ow dynamics and scalar dispersion in the near-ground

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43

Dietz, Otto. "Linear and non-linear properties of light." Doctoral thesis, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Mathematisch-Naturwissenschaftliche Fakultät, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.18452/17474.

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Alle optischen Systeme haben den gleichen Zweck: Sie manipulieren Eigenschaften des Lichts, durch Interaktion mit Materie. In dieser Arbeit werden zwei wichtige Teilaspekte aus diesem Kontext untersucht, im linearen und im nicht-linearen Bereich. In Teil I werden die bekannten Bragg-Reflexionen in neuem Licht betrachtet. Bragg Reflexion findet statt, wenn Licht mit einem periodischen Medium interagiert. Die Bragg-Bedingung verknüpft den Gitterabstand in einem Kristall mit der Wellenlänge, die von ihm reflektiert wird. In dieser Arbeit werden die Bragg Reflexionen in gewellten Wellenleitern

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44

Introïni, Clément. "Interaction entre un fluide à haute température et un béton : contribution à la modélisation des échanges de masse et de chaleur." Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2010. http://www.theses.fr/2010INPT0074/document.

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Lors d'un hypothétique accident grave de réacteur à eau sous pression, un mélange de matériaux fondus, appelé corium, issu de la fusion du cœur peut se relocaliser dans le puits de cuve constitué par un radier en béton. Les codes d'évaluation réacteur pour simuler la phénoménologie de l'interaction corium-béton sont basés sur une description à grande échelle des échanges qui soulève de nombreuses questions, tant sur la prise en compte des phénomènes multi-échelles mis en jeu que sur la structure adoptée de la couche limite au voisinage du front d'ablation. Dans ce contexte, l'objectif principa

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Bey, Mohamed Amine. "Modélisation mathématique et simulations numériques des écoulements sanguins dans des artères avec ou sans stents." Thesis, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015USPCD027/document.

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Cette thèse est consacrée à la modélisation mathématique et simulations numériques des écoulements sanguins dans des artères en présence d’une endoprothèse vasculaire de type stent. La présence de stent peut être considérée comme une perturbation locale d’un bord lisse d’écoulement, plus précisément les parois de l’artère sont assimilées à une surface fortement rugueuse. Nous nous sommes principalement intéressés au contrôle de la régularité H² sur un modèle simplifié permettant de prendre en compte l’effet de ces stents lorsque le flux sanguin est gouverné par une équation de Laplace (en lien

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SU, ZI-YI, and 蘇子義. "Rough turbulent boundary layer under short-crested waves." Thesis, 1991. http://ndltd.ncl.edu.tw/handle/70815213839789348475.

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Srivastava, Devesh, and Alok Pandey. "Study of Boundary Layer Parameters on Rough Surfaces." Thesis, 2008. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/94/1/Devesh.pdf.

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When real fluid flows past a solid body or a solid wall, the fluid particles adhere to the boundary and condition of no slip occurs. This means that the velocity of fluid close to the boundary will be same as that of boundary. If the boundary is stationary, the velocity of fluid at the boundary will be zero. Further away from the boundary, the velocity will be higher and as a result of this variation of velocity, the velocity gradient will exist. The velocity of fluid increases from zero velocity on the stationary boundary to the free stream velocity of the fluid in the direction normal to the

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Sethi, Samir Kumar. "Study of Boundary Layer Parameters on Rough Surfaces." Thesis, 2009. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/1152/1/STUDY_OF_BOUNDARY_LAYER_PARAMETERS_ON_ROUGH_SURFACES__(Repaired).pdf.

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When real fluid flows past a solid body or a solid wall, the fluid particles adhere to the boundary and condition of no slip occurs. This means that the velocity of fluid close to the boundary will be same as that of boundary. If the boundary is stationary, the velocity of fluid at the boundary will be zero. Further away from the boundary, the velocity will be higher and as a result of this variation of velocity, the velocity gradient will exist. The velocity of fluid increases from zero velocity on the stationary boundary to the free stream velocity of the fluid in the direction normal to the

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Srivastava, Devesh, and y. Alok Pande. "Study of boundary layer parameters on rough surfaces." Thesis, 2008. http://ethesis.nitrkl.ac.in/4178/1/10.pdf.

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When real fluid flows past a solid body or a solid wall, the fluid particles adhere to the boundary and condition of no slip occurs. This means that the velocity of fluid close to the boundary will be same as that of boundary.If the boundary is stationary, the velocity of fluid at the boundary will be zero. Further away from the boundary,the velocity will be higher and as a result of this variation of velocity, the velocity gradient will exist. The velocity of fluid increases from zero velocity on the stationary boundary to the free stream velocity of the fluid in the direction normal to the b

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Shah, Mohammad Khalid. "Skin friction characteristics in smooth-wall, transitionally rough and fully rough turbulent boundary layer." 2004. http://hdl.handle.net/1993/15762.

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