Artykuły w czasopismach: „ROTOR DISCS”

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Parish, D., i D. G. MacManus. "Aerodynamic investigations of ventilated brake discs". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 219, nr 4 (1.04.2005): 471–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440705x11121.

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The heat dissipation and performance of a ventilated brake disc strongly depends on the aerodynamic characteristics of the flow through the rotor passages. The aim of this investigation was to provide an improved understanding of ventilated brake rotor flow phenomena, with a view to improving heat dissipation, as well as providing a measurement data set for validation of computational fluid dynamics methods. The flow fields at the exit of four different brake rotor geometries, rotated in free air, were measured using a five-hole pressure probe and a hot-wire anemometry system. The principal measurements were taken using two-component hot-wire techniques and were used to determine mean and unsteady flow characteristics at the exit of the brake rotors. Using phase-locked data processing, it was possible to reveal the spatial and temporal flow variation within individual rotor passages. The effects of disc geometry and rotational speed on the mean flow, passage turbulence intensity, and mass flow were determined. The rotor exit jet and wake flow were clearly observed as characterized by the passage geometry as well as definite regions of high and low turbulence. The aerodynamic flow characteristics were found to be reasonably independent of rotational speed but highly dependent upon rotor geometry.

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Wang, Aiming, Yujie Bi, Yu Feng, Jie Yang, Xiaohan Cheng i Guoying Meng. "Continuous Rotor Dynamics of Multi-Disc and Multi-Span Rotors: A Theoretical and Numerical Investigation of the Identification of Rotor Unbalance from Unbalance Responses". Applied Sciences 12, nr 8 (11.04.2022): 3865. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app12083865.

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Rotor unbalance identification plays a critical role in balancing rotors. In this paper, concerned with multi-disc and multi-span rotor-bearing systems, two novel algorithms called the Single Direction Algorithm (SDA) and the Two Orthogonal Direction Algorithm (TODA) are proposed for identifying rotor unbalance from unbalance responses. A matrix method is proposed to solve the problem of the equations being non-linear transcendental, there being too many unknown variables in the equations, and rotor unbalances and bearing coefficients being coupled together. The unbalance responses at all the eccentric discs are necessary for identifying their unbalances. Numerical simulations are conducted to validate the proposed methods. Moreover, an adjustment point is found, and a proper sensor resolution is suggested to achieve high identification accuracy by means of numerical studies. In addition, the identification accuracy of SDA is better than TODA, and SDA is more practical and suitable for medium-speed and high-speed rotors. The proposed algorithms have the flexibility to incorporate any number of bearings and discs and provide a technique for monitoring rotor unbalance without test runs or external exciters.

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Wen, Chuanmei, Yuqi Li, Long Jin i Dayong Yang. "Bifurcation and Stability Analysis of a Bolted Joint Rotor System Contains Multi-Discs Subjected to Rub-Impact Effect". Processes 10, nr 9 (2.09.2022): 1763. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pr10091763.

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In aero-engines, the rotor systems are frequently designed with multistage discs, in which the discs are fastened together through bolted joints. During operation, rotating machines are susceptible to rotor–stator rubbing faults. Those bolted joints are subjected to friction and impact forces during a rubbing event, leading to a dramatic change in mechanical properties at the contacting interfaces, influencing the rotor dynamics, which have attracted the attention of scholars. In the present work, a mathematical model, which considers the unbalance force, rotor dimensional properties, nonlinear oil-film force and rub-impact effect, is developed to study the bifurcation and stability characteristics of the bolted joint rotor system containing multi-discs subjected to the rub-impact effect. The time-domain waveforms of the system are obtained numerically by using the Runge–Kutta method, and a bifurcation diagram, time domain waveforms, spectrum plots, shaft orbits and Poincaré maps are adopted to reveal the rotor dynamics under the effect of the rub-impact. Additionally, the influences of rubbing position at the multi-discs on rotor dynamic properties are also examined through bifurcation diagrams. The numerical simulation results show that the segments of the rotating speeds for rubbing are wider and more numerous, and the middle disc is subjected to the rub-impact. When the rub-impact position is far away from disc 1, the rubbing force has little effect on the response of disc 1. The corresponding results can help to understand the bifurcation characteristics of a bolted joint rotor system containing multi-discs subjected to the rub-impact effect.

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Jweeg, Mohsin Juber, Mahmud Rasheed Ismail i Zainab Mohammed Hwady Hwady. "Theoritical and Experimental Investigation of the Dynamical Behaviour of Complex Configuration Rotors". Journal of Engineering 20, nr 2 (18.05.2023): 106–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.31026/j.eng.2014.02.08.

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The present work considers an alternative solution for a complex configuration of rotor discs by applying Galerkin Method. The theoretical model consists of elastic shaft carrying number of discs and supported on number of journal bearings. The equation of motion was discretized to finite degree of freedom in terms of the system generalized coordinates. The various effects of the dynamical forces and moments arising from the bearing, discs and shaft were included. Rayleigh beam model is used for analyzing the shaft while the discs are considered rigid . The validity and convergence of the present analysis was carefully checked by comparing with the Finite Element solution. An example of rotor consists of three different size discs and supported by two journal bearing was considered for the numerical solution .The results shows good agreements between the two methods ,where the maximum error not exceeds 5%. The convergence test showed that using few modes (not more than 6) are sufficient for the accurate analysis. The forward and backward whirl was investigated experimentally .The experimental results of a two discs rotor ,show a reasonable agreement where the maximum error not exceeds 11%. The unbalance response, Cambpell diagram, orbit response were plotted .The effects of geometry, disc sizes , location and arrangement on the unbalance response and natural frequencies of three discs rotor were further investigated .

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Zhang, Song He, Yue Gang Luo, Bin Wu i Bang Chun Wen. "Dynamic Behavior Analysis of Three-Span Rotor-Bearing System with Rub-Impact Fault". Advanced Materials Research 460 (luty 2012): 160–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.460.160.

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The dynamic model of the three-span rotor-bearing system with rub-impact fault was set up. The influence to nonlinear dynamics behaviors of the rotor-bearing system that induced by rub-impact of one disc, two discs and three discs were numerically studied. The main influence of the rotor system response by the rub-impact faults are in the supercritical rotate speed. There are mutations of amplitudes in the responses of second and third spans in supercritical rotate speed when rub-impact with one disc, and there are chaotic windows in the response of first span, and jumping changes in second and third spans when rub-impact with two or three discs.

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Prihatmoko, Pebri, F. Danang Wijaya i Suharyanto Suharyanto. "STUDI PENGARUH JARI-JARI DALAM MAGNET TERHADAP TEGANGAN GENERATOR AKSIAL PADA BAHAN CAKRAM AKRILIK". Jurnal Teknosains 8, nr 2 (31.01.2019): 105. http://dx.doi.org/10.22146/teknosains.30958.

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The high cost of making rotor discs is one aspect that becomes an obstacle in the implementation of axial generator research. This study aims to compare acrylic discs with wooden discs in terms of axial generator output voltage and production costs, so that further research can use alternative discs with lower cost. This study uses an experimental method, where this method is used to find existing variables. On a generator with an acrylic disc, the average voltage is 16.6 volts with a manufacturing cost of 151,500 rupiah. Whereas on generator with wood disc, the average voltage is 17.2 volts with a manufacturing cost of 48,750 rupiah. Thus wood disc can be an alternative material in making cheap axial generator rotor discs.

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Behzad, M., i M. Asayesh. "Numerical and experimental investigation of the vibration of rotors with loose discs". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 224, nr 1 (11.08.2009): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1345.

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In this study, the energy method has been used to develop a finite-element code for studying the effects of loose rotating discs on the rotor—bearing systems’ response. A mathematical model of the loose disc has resulted in terms similar to unbalance and gyroscopic effects in the equation of motion of the system. Results of this study show that rotor response and beating phenomena are a function of measurement location, loose disc mass and inertia, ratio of rotating speed to the speed of loose disc, and clearance between the loose disc and shaft considering constant speed for loose disc and shaft. The developed finite-element model can numerically give the response of rotors with any number of loose discs at any location with isotropic or orthotropic supports. Results of numerical calculation have been verified by experimental tests.

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Li, M., i L. He. "The dynamics of a parallel-misaligned and unbalanced rotor system under the action of non-linear oil film forces". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 224, nr 9 (1.09.2010): 1875–89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes1916.

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A mathematical model of a parallel-misaligned rotor system with mass eccentricity that is supported on journal bearings is discussed and its dynamic behaviours are analysed under the action of non-linear oil forces in the present work. First, some assumptions are introduced, such as the long bearing model, small parallel misalignment between rotors and tiny eccentricity of discs, the misaligned displacement constraint between two rotors is taken into account, and the motion equations are deduced by the Lagrange method of undetermined multiplier. Then, the rotor orbits, Poincaré maps, and bifurcation diagrams of the system are studied by a numerical method; the results show that there exists some unrevealed motions and phenomena in the parallel-misaligned and unbalanced rotor system such as period 2, 3, 6, and 7 motions besides chaotic oscillations and so on.

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Han, Qing Kai, Tao Yu, He Li, Zhao Ye Qin, Zhi Wei Zhang i Bang Chun Wen. "Hybrid Model Based Identification of Local Rubbing Fault in Rotor Systems". Key Engineering Materials 293-294 (wrzesień 2005): 355–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.293-294.355.

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A quantitative identification procedure for local rubbing fault in rotor systems based on a hybrid model is proposed. The hybrid model combines finite element model of rotor and rigid discs, online identified oil film stiffness and elastic supports. The identification algorithm of oil film parameters is stated in detail. The hybrid model based diagnosis process for local rubbing fault is described with assumption of periodic rubbing forces. With the help of modal expansion technique, the estimated rubbing forces at each node along rotor are checked for the rubbing position. The estimated rubbing forces at ascertained position are then used in fault severity assessing quantitatively next. These approaches have been tested successfully on a test rig with single rotor double discs.

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10

Han, Q., Z. Zhang i B. Wen. "Periodic motions of a dual-disc rotor system with rub-impact at fixed limiter". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 222, nr 10 (1.10.2008): 1935–46. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/09544062jmes947.

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Periodic motions of a rotor system with two discs are investigated where rub-impacts occur at fixed limiter for a test rig with dual discs. First, a finite element (FE) model of the rotor system is developed. Then numerical simulations based on the FE model are conducted to study the rotor transverse vibrations of the rotor system under three typical cases with different rotating speeds, rub-impact clearances, rub-impact rod stiffness, and rub frictions. The results are further compared with typical multiperiodic characteristics by experimentally measured vibrations. The simulations demonstrate different rotor motions, including periodic, quasi-periodic or complex characteristics, which coincide with experimental measurements. Finally, the non-stationary time-frequency domain characteristics of rub-impact motions are investigated via the Hilbert—Huang transform, and intrinsic mode functions (IMFs) and instantaneous frequencies of the three typical cases are obtained. The research has revealed some of the inherent vibration features of the dual-disc rotor system with rub-impact only occurring at fixed limiters.

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Horodincă, Mihăiţă, Eduard Neculai Bumbu, Adriana Munteanu, Dragoş Florin Chitariu i Florin Chifan. "A Study on the Synthesis of 2D Profiles for Cycloidal Discs Used in Cycloidal Reducers". Bulletin of the Polytechnic Institute of Iași. Machine constructions Section 68, nr 4 (1.12.2022): 65–84. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bipcm-2022-0037.

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Abstract This paper proposes a simple approach on the synthesis of the 2D profiles for the rotors of cycloidal reducers. A 2D rotor (or cycloidal disc) profile (as a complex closed curve) can be defined (as an alternative to the strictly mathematical definition) as the internal bordered envelope of the family of 2D profiles of the stator (or ring gear) obtained with the stator movable (for at least a completely rotation) around the fixed rotor (or planetary gear) by respecting the gearing conditions inside a cycloidal reducer. The more 2D profiles of the stator are used the more accurate definition of 2D rotor profile is obtained. The finding of x, and y-coordinates of the points involved in the description of this 2D rotor profile is by far the most complicated problem to solve in the manufacturing of this type of reducer, the behavior and performances of the cycloidal reducer drastically depends by the accuracy of this profile. The results of this study can be easy applied in practice.

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Lepore, Francisco Paulo, Marcelo Braga Santos i Rafael Gonçalves Barreto. "Identification of Rotary Machines Excitation Forces Using Wavelet Transform and Neural Networks". Shock and Vibration 9, nr 4-5 (2002): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2002/967638.

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Unbalance and asynchronous forces acting on a flexible rotor are characterized by their positions, amplitudes, frequencies and phases, using its measured vibration responses. The rotary machine dynamic model is a neural network trained with measured vibration signals previously decomposed by wavelets. A typical compaction ratio of 2048:4 is achieved in this application, considering the stationary nature of the measured vibrations signals and the shape of the chosen wavelet function. The Matching Pursuit procedure, coupled to a modified Simulated Annealing optimization algorithm is used to decompose the vibration signals. The performance of several neural network with different input database sets is analyzed to define the best network architecture in the sense to achieve successful training, minimum identification error, with maximum probability to give the correct answers. The experiments are conducted on a vertical rotor with three rigid discs mounted on a flexible shaft supported by two flexible bearings. The vibration responses are measured at the bearings and at the discs. A methodology to balance flexible rotors based on the proposed identification methodology is also presented.

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Mentl, Václav. "Fracture Toughness of Large Forgings for Power Producing Industry". Key Engineering Materials 577-578 (wrzesień 2013): 593–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.577-578.593.

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The steam turbine rotors represent large components both in radial and axial directions. Their local properties generally differ from one forging to another, or if we compare head and bottom parts of the original ingot, or central and circumferential localities of one rotor body respectively, or if we compare the properties of separate discs e.g. in the case of welded rotors. These differences stem from both even slight changes in the chemical composition (of separate heats or even within one ingot) and thermo-mechanical treatment and in the differences in technology with respect to the real shape and size of the forgings in question. In the paper, the consequences of the differences in fracture toughness characteristics in various rotor localities are discussed with respect to the rotors operational safety taking into account the existence of cracks and material degradation.

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Gowreesan, Vamadevan, Dhimas Ario, Hepy Hanifa i Wayne Greaves. "Weld Repair of Steam Turbine Rotor with 12 Cr Weld to Mitigate Corrosion Issues". MATEC Web of Conferences 269 (2019): 03007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/matecconf/201926903007.

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Weld repair of steam turbine rotors has become an acceptable practice to extend the life of rotors. Depending on the type of damage, the extent of weld repair can range from weld build-up of integral discs to stubbing a new forging to replace the damaged portion of an old rotor. Steam turbine rotors made of low alloy steels experience corrosion related damages such as stress corrosion cracking, pitting corrosion, corrosion-erosion etc., Traditional weld repairs have been using low alloy steel welds. While the low alloy welds may have mechanical properties comparable to or even slightly exceeding that of the low alloy steel rotor alloys, the corrosion resistance of the low alloy welds are not great. 12 Chromium weld will provide better resistance to corrosion related damages than typical low alloy welds. However using 12 Chromium weld on low alloy steel rotors provides some additional challenges and limitations. These include selection of optimal combination of weld wire and flux for rotor welding, selection of optimal post weld stress relieve temperature and dealing with abrupt change in chemical composition at the weld interface. This paper discusses development of such a weld procedure and provides some examples where the 12 Chromium weld was successfully applied on steam turbine rotors that experienced corrosion related damages.

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Cao, Yong Juan, Yun Kai Huang i Long Jin. "Research on Axial Magnetic Force and Rotor Mechanical Stress of an Air-Cored Axial-Flux Permanent Magnet Machine Based on 3D FEM". Applied Mechanics and Materials 105-107 (wrzesień 2011): 160–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.105-107.160.

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Due to its compact construction and high power density, the axial-flux permanent-magnet (AFPM) machine with coreless stator has obtained more and more attention and interest from researchers. For an AFPM machine with coreless stator, the axial magnetic attraction force may cause the rotors’ deflection and affect the machine’s reliability. In this paper, the magnetic field and the rotor mechanical strength of a coreless stator AFPM machine are studied. Finite-element method and analytic method are both used to calculate the axial attraction magnetic force between the two rotor discs. Structure finite-element analysis is used to simulate the maximum stress and deflection due to the axial magnetic force. The research is very significant to the power density elevation of the AFPM machine.

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Becker, Fabian B., Martin A. Sehr i Stephan Rinderknecht. "Vibration isolation for parameter-varying rotor systems using piezoelectric actuators and gain-scheduled control". Journal of Intelligent Material Systems and Structures 28, nr 16 (1.02.2017): 2286–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/1045389x17689933.

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This paper deals with the active vibration isolation for a rotor subject to gyroscopic oscillations, where gain-scheduled [Formula: see text]-control is used to steer an active, piezoelectric bearing. Rotating machines are often exposed to gyroscopic effects, which occur due to bending deformations of rotors and subsequent tilting of eccentric mass elements. Gyroscopic moments observed at rotors are proportional to the rotational speed and couple radial degrees of freedom. This relationship with the operating conditions renders the system dynamics well-suited for the use of linear parameter-varying models and controllers, relying on the rotational speed as an uncertain parameter. In this paper, we design linear gain-scheduled [Formula: see text]-controllers guaranteeing both robust stability and performance within a given range of operating conditions. The paper is based on a rotor test rig with two unbalance-induced resonance frequencies in its operating range. The rotor has two protruding discs, one of which is centered between one active and one passive bearing support. The active support consists of two piezoelectric stack actuators and two collocated piezoelectric load washers. Closed-loop performance is assessed via isolation of unbalance-induced vibrations using both simulation and supporting experimental data.

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Sivaprakasam, Palani, Esayas Abebe, Robert Čep i Muniyandy Elangovan. "Thermo-Mechanical Behavior of Aluminum Matrix Nano-Composite Automobile Disc Brake Rotor Using Finite Element Method". Materials 15, nr 17 (1.09.2022): 6072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ma15176072.

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Analysis of mechanical and thermal behaviors during braking has become an increasingly important issue in many transport sectors for different modes of transportation. Brake failure generated during braking is a complex phenomenon confronting automobile manufacturers and designers. During braking, kinetic energy is transferred to thermal energy, resulting in the intense heating of disc brake rotors that increases proportionally with vehicle speed, mass, and braking frequency. It is essential to look into and improve strategies to make versatile, thermally resistant, lightweight, high-performance discs. As a result, this study uses the finite element method to conduct a thermo-mechanical analysis of aluminum alloy and aluminum matrix nano-composite disc brake rotors to address the abovementioned issues. The FEA method is used for the thermo-mechanical analysis of AMNCs for vented disc brake rotor during emergency braking at 70 km/h. From the results obtained, aluminum base metal matrix nano-composites have an excellent strength-to-weight ratio when used as disc brake rotor materials, significantly improving the discs’ thermal and mechanical performance. From the result of transient thermal analysis, the maximum value of heat flux obtained for aluminum alloy disc is about 8 W/mm2, whereas for AMNCs, the value is increased to 16.28 W/mm2. The result from static analysis shows that the maximum deformation observed is 0.19 mm for aluminum alloy disc and 0.05 mm for AMNCs disc. In addition, the maximum von Mises stress value of AMNC disc is about 184 MPa. The maximum von Mises stress value of aluminum alloy disc is about 180 MPa. Therefore, according to the results, the proposed aluminum base metal matrix nano-composites are valid for replacing existing materials for disc brake rotor applications.

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Lu, Ming Jian, Hai Peng Geng, Guo Hui Xu i Yu Lie. "Calculation and Experimental Study of Fastening for Disc-Rotor". Applied Mechanics and Materials 120 (październik 2011): 354–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.120.354.

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Disc-rotor is composed of certain number of discs which are fastened as a single-shaft rotor by tie-rods. The rods must be very carefully tensioned in the course of rotor assembly to ensure a circumferentially uniform prestress, thus acceptable run-out value, as otherwise the rotor will be susceptible to vibrations particularly during start-up. Uniform prestress is also beneficial to improve the fatigue life of the rods. Initial preload for one rod is calculated and the appropriate tightening scheme is determined by finite element analysis, considering relaxation and elastic interaction. A kind of hydraulic tensioner is designed to assemble the disc-rotor. The experiment to fasten the disc-rotor by the tightening scheme above mentioned is presented.

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Whalley, R., M. Ebrahimi i Z. Jamil. "The torsional response of rotor systems". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 219, nr 4 (1.04.2005): 357–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/095440605x16956.

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The torsional response of rotor systems comprising bearings, inertia discs, and relatively long, slim shafts is considered. Lumped, finite element and hybrid, distributed-lumped parameter procedures are employed to represent the rotor systems of concern in efforts aimed at increasing accuracy, integrity, and computational efficiency. Rotor, shaft, and bearing elements of arbitrary dimensions, constructed from materials with differing mechanical properties, can be accommodated within the system models formulated. General results for multiple rotor assemblies are derived. Simple computational techniques are employed to obtain the frequency response and time domain characteristics for the models proposed. Analytical validation of the resonance conditions identified is provided. Application studies are presented for purposes of comparison.

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Temis, Y. M., M. Y. Temis i A. M. Egorov. "Study of vibration sensitivity of a rotor of stationary gas-turbine unit on slide bearings to change of main settings of the system". Izvestiya MGTU MAMI 7, nr 1-3 (10.05.2013): 139–47. http://dx.doi.org/10.17816/2074-0530-67846.

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The results of the study of vibration sensitivity of a rotor of stationary gas-turbine unit (GTU) on slide bearings to the change of the main settings of the system are described in the paper. The authors used a beam model of the rotor which takes into account the non-linear stiffness and damping characteristics of an oil film in radial bearings, and a multi-disciplinary model of rotor dynamics including the model of the shaft, rotating discs and radial bearings. Numerical calculations for calculating the orbits of GTU rotor at different operating conditions are performed. The paper also demonstrates the sensitivity of the “rotor-bearing” system to a change of system parameters such as a disbalance of the rotor, constructive damping and viscosity of the oil in bearings.

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Brodin, G. J., J. A. Cooper i J. R. A. Stevens. "Measuring the effect of helicopter rotors on GPS reception". Aeronautical Journal 111, nr 1123 (wrzesień 2007): 561–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0001924000001834.

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Abstract This paper describes an experiment which was performed using an offshore transport helicopter to investigate the impact of the rotor blades upon Global Positioning System (GPS) reception. The test aircraft was fitted with two separate GPS antennas which were positioned to isolate the effects caused by the main and tail rotors. Testing was undertaken with the aircraft on the ground and this allowed an assessment to be performed at different rotor speeds with accurate control over the relative geometry between the antenna, rotors and satellites. Recorded data from a measurement system incorporating three dissimilar GPS receivers (including a technical standard order (TSO)-C129() compliant aviation unit and a custom research receiver) was analysed to identify the effect of the rotors at the correlator level and to determine the impacts upon ranging accuracy, the availability of ranging measurements, and the receivers’ signal level estimates. Correlation data was used to demonstrate that the rotor blades were capable of generating both destructive and constructive interference effects, and the periodic nature of these oscillations was shown to correspond directly to the blade passing frequency. It was identified that signal degradation was not limited to satellite signal paths which intersected the rotor discs. No evidence was found for any increase in code measurement error due to the rotor interference, but it was demonstrated that there could be a significant impact upon a receiver’s ability to maintain continuous tracking of the satellite signals. The overall effect of this availability problem for a given installation and type of operation will be dependent upon satellite geometry and other factors which are beyond the scope of this study. The ability of a receiver to identify the presence of rotor interference was investigated by examining estimates of carrier-to-noise, and this revealed inconsistencies between the results from different receivers implying differences in the estimation algorithms employed. It was also identified that two alternative ‘textbook’ estimators do not give identical results in the presence of rotor interference and it is suggested that such data should therefore be interpreted with caution.

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Służalec, Andrzej. "Stresses, deformations and creep-damage of turbine rotor-discs". International Journal of Mechanical Sciences 28, nr 7 (styczeń 1986): 443–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/0020-7403(86)90064-0.

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Katinić, Marko, Josip Kolar, Pejo Konjatić i Mladen Bošnjaković. "Unbalance Response Analysis of a Rotor Kit with Two Identical Discs Located Between Bearings". Tehnički glasnik 17, nr 3 (18.07.2023): 324–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.31803/tg-20220920172008.

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In this paper, the dynamic behavior of a rotor kit with two identical disks located between the plain bearings was analyzed. Modal and harmonic analysis of this rotor kit configuration were performed in the Ansys software package. To calibrate the bearing parameters (stiffness and damping) in the numerical model, experimental measurements of the rotor kit with a disc mounted at the midspan of the shaft were performed. As a result of modal analysis, natural frequencies and models were obtained. Using the Campbell’s diagram, the critical speeds and the influence of the gyroscopic effects on the natural frequencies were determined. The responses of the rotor kit to different unbalance distributions were considered by harmonic analysis.

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Mackerle, Jaroslav. "Finite Element Computational Dynamics of Rotating Systems". Shock and Vibration 6, nr 4 (1999): 209–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/1999/173743.

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This bibliography lists references to papers, conference proceedings and theses/dissertations dealing with finite element analysis of rotor dynamics problems that were published in 1994–1998. It contains 319 citations. Also included, as separate subsections, are finite element analyses of rotor elements – discs, shafts, spindles, and blades. Topics dealing with fracture mechanics, contact and stability problems of rotating machinery are also considered in specific sections. The last part of the bibliography presents papers dealing with specific industrial applications.

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Liu, Yang, Qi Yuan, Pu Li i Guangyu Zhu. "Modal Analysis for a Rod-Fastened Rotor considering Contact Effect Based on Double Fractal Model". Shock and Vibration 2019 (2.05.2019): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4027353.

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The rod-fastened rotor is the core component of the gas turbine. It comprises several discs and tie rods. The flexural stiffness of the contact interface is the key factor for rotordynamic analysis. The contact interfaces of the discs are usually manufactured by grinding. The measured contour curve of the contact interfaces of an experimental rod-fastened rotor is analyzed by the structural function method, which shows that the contact interfaces can be well described by the double fractal model with fractal dimensions D1 and D2 and the fractal roughness parameters G1 and G2. The Hertz model is used to analyze the contact of the single asperity on the contact interface. On this basis, the flexural stiffness of the contact interface considering the pretightening force and the bending moment is derived. Modal frequencies of the experimental rod-fastened rotor under different pretightening forces and the bending moment (caused by gravity) are obtained by three-dimensional finite element analysis and experimental modal tests. It is observed that the modal frequencies increase with the nominal pressure of the contact interface, and the experimental results are consistent with the calculated results.

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Liang, Mingxuan, Tianhong Yan, Jianhong Hu i Zhongli Chen. "Effect of rolling bearing parameters on the nonlinear dynamics of offset rotor". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part C: Journal of Mechanical Engineering Science 234, nr 15 (16.03.2020): 2968–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0954406220912274.

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Nonlinear vibration of rotating machinery induced by rolling bearings has gradually become a research issue. In many cases, the rotor discs are not always installed in middle of shaft in actual rotor system, and the influence of disc offset on nonlinear vibration needs to be studied in depth as rotating speed increases. This study deals with the effect mechanism of rotor offset on nonlinear dynamic responses. Nonlinear vibration model of offset rotor is established based on finite element method, and the disc offset position along rotor shaft is concerned. The responses are calculated by Newmark-β integration method, which are also validated by an experimental rig, and the influences of nonlinear parameters of rolling bearings are investigated. The results indicate that disc offset is a crucial factor that can induce more complex nonlinearity coupled with rolling bearing under high-speed conditions.

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Yabin, Tian, Wang Jing i Wang Liang. "Study on Fluid-Structure Interaction for the Multistage High Speed Centrifugal Pumps Rotors". Open Mechanical Engineering Journal 8, nr 1 (31.12.2014): 899–903. http://dx.doi.org/10.2174/1874155x01408010899.

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In the designing process of high-speed multistage centrifugal pump, in addition to the hydraulic characteristics, the calculation problem of the axis of wet critical speed is the emphasis of concern. On the base of the finite element model of the "dry" state rotor dynamics, when the flow force play a individual role in physical separate discs and cylinder, resistance formula is derived. Establish the "wet" mode of motion equation of rotor disc and shaft section, then integrate the flow force into the motion equation of the whole system unit, we can find the fluid-solid coupling finite element model of the rotor dynamics. Write the calculation procedure with ANSYS APDL language, and the analysis and testing of fluidsolid coupling dynamics program to an actual high-speed multistage centrifugal pump rotor system is done.

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Ouattara, Tieba, Moussa Magara Traore i Chaka Berthe. "Finite Element Modelling of Rotors, Without Considering the Shear Effects". International Journal of Advanced Engineering and Management Research 07, nr 02 (2022): 196–206. http://dx.doi.org/10.51505/ijaemr.2022.7216.

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The proposed rotor model is based on the finite elements of a Timoshenko beam, whose support is rigid and fixed. It takes into account the geometric asymmetry of the discs and/or the shaft, while neglecting the shear effect. The equations of motion obtained include time-varying parametric terms that can lead to lateral dynamic instability. The influence of the combined rotational and translational movements of the support is analyzed by the Campbell diagram and the rotor stability map. Critical speeds according to modes have been identified.

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Nguyen, Minh, Angelos Filippatos, Albert Langkamp i Maik Gude. "Modal Identification of Output-Only Systems of Composite Discs Using Zernike Modes and MAC". Sensors 19, nr 3 (6.02.2019): 660. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s19030660.

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The analysis of the structural dynamic behaviour of composite rotor–discs by a valid description of the eigenfrequencies and mode shapes can provide significant information for action-taking before a failure occurs. Specifically, vibration-based diagnostic methods, which are able to take into consideration the interdependencies and sequential changes of the modal properties could benefit from such an analysis. Here, on the example of composite rotors, a correlation method for experimentally determined mode shapes is developed. For this purpose the Zernike polynomials are used to enhance the identification of mode shapes. Furthermore, the modal assurance criterion (MAC) in combination with the frequency response criterion and a data processing approach are applied in order to characterize changing modal properties of composite rotors. In addition, the developed algorithms can be further extended in order to simplify the experimental evaluation of the complex dynamic behaviour of composite structures.

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Nitan, Ilie, Laurentiu D. Milici, Mariana R. Milici i Dorel Cernomazu. "Elements of Modeling and Simulation for Piezoelectric Motors". Key Engineering Materials 660 (sierpień 2015): 323–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/kem.660.323.

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In order to obtain a high rotational speed in comparison with the known embodiments, due to the increased amplitude of the contact point between the rotor and the active element, due to the possibility of adjusting the speed by changing the frequency of the two signals applied to the coupled discs, or due to the phase shift between the signals if the discs are supplied at the same frequency, it was achieved a stator by a non-removable coupling of two active elements. Modelling was performed in Comsol Multiphysics. In this respect we studied the variation of the strains and of the electrical potential, taking into account the changing of the parameters like the power voltage frequency, the power voltage amplitude, the distance between the support point and the edge of the discs system.

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., Diwakar. "Design and Finite Element Analysis (FEA) of Gas Turbine Rotor Disc". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 11, nr 6 (30.06.2023): 1178–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2023.53757.

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Abstract: A Turbine wheel (rotor) plays a significant role in gas turbine. The rotor on which the blades are mounted transmitting this motion holds a key point to better efficiency of gas turbine. Thus, more focus should be given to the design of the turbine rotor. Gas-turbine discs are normally operated at high temperatures. The hot gases contact the blades and the rim of the turbine rotor and thus maintain the rim at high temperature. The temperature gradient at rim and central portion of rotor causes the sources for thermal stresses. The disc is expected to perform well despite all the stringent operating conditions. The Advancement in gas turbine materials has been always a major concern—higher their capability to with stand elevated temperature service, produce lower stresses, light weight and more the engine efficiency. In this thesis, an attempt is made to determine the stresses like Thermal, Structural, Radial, and other stresses with different materials.

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32

Mazur, Zdzislaw, i Alejandro Hernandez-Rossette. "Steam turbine rotor discs failure evaluation and repair process implementation". Engineering Failure Analysis 56 (październik 2015): 545–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2014.10.010.

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Vasovic, Ivana, Stevan Maksimovic, Katarina Maksimovic, Slobodan Stupar, Gordana Bakic i Mirko Maksimovic. "Determination of Stress Intensity Factors in Low Pressure Turbine Rotor Discs". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2014 (2014): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/304638.

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An attention in this paper is focused on the stress analysis and the determination of fracture mechanics parameters in low pressure (LP) turbine rotor discs and on developing analytic expressions for stress intensity factors at the critical location of LP steam turbine disc. Critical locations such as keyway and dovetail area experienced stress concentration leading to crack initiation. Major concerns for the power industry are determining the critical locations with one side and fracture mechanics parameters with the other side. For determination of the critical locations in LP turbine rotor disc conventional finite elements are used here. For this initial crack length and during crack growth it is necessary to determine SIFs. In fatigue crack growth process it is necessary to have analytic formulas for the stress intensity factor. To determine analytic formula for stress intensity factor (SIF) of cracked turbine rotor disc special singular finite elements are used. Using discrete values of SIFs which correspond to various crack lengths analytic formula of SIF in polynomial forms is derived here. For determination of SIF in this paper, combinedJ-integral approach and singular finite elements are used. The interaction of mechanical and thermal effects was correlated in terms of the fracture toughness.

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Renz, Andreas, Julian Praß, Johannes Weber i Stefan Becker. "Experimental Investigation of a Friction Ventilator". Advanced Engineering Forum 19 (październik 2016): 43–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/aef.19.43.

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Standard decentralized ventilation systems typically consist of two ventilators for inlet and exhaust air and a heat exchanger for the heat recovery. A recently developed device, a so called friction ventilator, combines these three elements into a single functional element. The ventilator consists of circular plates which are rotating centrally in between the inlet and the outlet duct of a ventilation system and generate a countercurrent flow in the two ducts. Furthermore, the discs act as a rotating heat exchanger between the two air flows. To increase understanding of the energy transfer from the rotating discs to the flow an experimental investigation on the effect of different rotor geometries was conducted. The study showed an interesting influence of the hub diameter on the characteristic curves with a higher pressure difference for an increase in diameter. The results of the heat recovery measurement however were only mildly affected by the hub geometry. Here the distance between the discs, the rotational speed of the discs and the volumetric flow seemed to have the greatest effect on heat recovery.

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35

Lin, Junzhe, Yulai Zhao, Pengfei Wang, Yuanyuan Wang, Qingkai Han i Hui Ma. "Nonlinear Responses of a Rotor-Bearing-Seal System with Pedestal Looseness". Shock and Vibration 2021 (1.09.2021): 1–22. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/9937700.

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In this paper, a pedestal looseness fault model of a rotor-bearing-seal system is established. Under two working conditions of the same direction eccentricity (Working Condition 1) and reverse eccentricity (Working Condition 2), rotor orbits, vibration waveforms, spectrum cascade, and Poincaré maps are used to study the dynamic characteristics of the system when the sliding bearing support is loosened. The influence of speed, the unbalance of two discs, the looseness clearance, and the mass of bearing support on system characteristics are analyzed. The study found that Working Condition 2 is more likely to cause looseness of the bearing support. Moreover, for the rotor system in this paper, the pedestal looseness fault is more likely to occur near the second-order critical speed. Through analysis of the spectrum, it is found that the spectrum of the looseness fault will show multiple frequencies or continuous spectra, and the rotor orbits will appear “cylindrical.”

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Brodin, Gary, John Cooper, David Walsh i Jeff Stevens. "The Effect of Helicopter Rotors on GPS Signal Reception". Journal of Navigation 58, nr 3 (19.08.2005): 433–50. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0373463305003371.

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This paper presents the results of an experiment to investigate the impact of helicopter rotor blades on GPS signal reception. An offshore transport helicopter was equipped with a measurement system including a TSO-C129 compliant receiver and a custom research receiver. GPS signals passing through rotor discs of this aircraft were found to suffer a reduction in received signal strength, leading to potential navigation and RAIM availability concerns. The phenomenon will vary between installations and receiver types. Test procedures to identify the occurrence of the phenomenon in operational GPS installations are presented, together with possible in-service monitoring programs to assess the impact on the navigation function.

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37

Pawlicki, Jakub, Dominik Głowacki, Janisław Zwoliński i Artur Mościcki. "Elastic limit load resource when reaming holes in turbine rotor discs". Engineering Failure Analysis 113 (lipiec 2020): 104555. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.engfailanal.2020.104555.

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Mohamed, Abdalla, Ahmed Hemeida, Alireza Rasekh, Hendrik Vansompel, Antero Arkkio i Peter Sergeant. "A 3D Dynamic Lumped Parameter Thermal Network of Air-Cooled YASA Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machine". Energies 11, nr 4 (28.03.2018): 774. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/en11040774.

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To find the temperature rise for high power density yokeless and segmented armature (YASA) axial flux permanent magnet synchronous (AFPMSM) machines quickly and accurately, a 3D lumped parameter thermal model is developed and validated experimentally and by finite element (FE) simulations on a 4 kW YASA machine. Additionally, to get insight in the thermal transient response of the machine, the model accounts for the thermal capacitance of different machine components. The model considers the stator, bearing, and windage losses, as well as eddy current losses in the magnets on the rotors. The new contribution of this work is that the thermal model takes cooling via air channels between the magnets on the rotor discs into account. The model is parametrized with respect to the permanent magnet (PM) angle ratio, the PM thickness ratio, the air gap length, and the rotor speed. The effect of the channels is incorporated via convection equations based on many computational fluid dynamics (CFD) computations. The model accuracy is validated at different values of parameters by FE simulations in both transient and steady state. The model takes less than 1 s to solve for the temperature distribution.

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39

Zhang, Haibo, Yi Liu i Xin Huang. "Nonlinear Dynamic Performance of a Bolt-Disc Rotor with the Position Error of Circumferential Bolt-Holes". Shock and Vibration 2021 (7.05.2021): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6639375.

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The bolt-holes in the assembly discs are designed to limit the circumferential displacement of bolts for the bolt-disc rotor. The position error of circumferential bolt-holes is created in a three-dimensional model of bolt-disc rotor. The distribution of nonuniform stress and deformation is acquired according to finite element approach. Static results demonstrate that the position error of bolt-holes leads to obvious concomitant unbalances including constant mass eccentricity and speed-variant bending under the influence of large tightening force. When these unbalance factors are taken into consideration, dynamic performance such as instability areas and nonlinear motions are analyzed by Newton iterative process and a prediction-correction calculation method. Dynamic results show that rotor flexure enables the systematic stability decreased obviously because of this position error. There is a special phenomenon compared to monobloc rotor that the vibration amplitude proceeds to rise when rotating speed exceeds the critical speed. Moreover, the allowable position error of bolt-holes is obviously smaller than that of monobloc rotor and uneven tightening is a feasible way to reduce adverse effects on the dynamic properties when position error appears. This work proposes a static-dynamic approach to investigate the dynamics of imprecise bolt-disc rotor and establishes the relationship between machining error and dynamic features.

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40

Seelam, Anil Babu, Nabil Ahmed Zakir Hussain i Sachidananda Hassan Krishanmurthy. "Design and analysis of disc brake system in high speed vehicles". International Journal for Simulation and Multidisciplinary Design Optimization 12 (2021): 19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/smdo/2021019.

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Brakes are the most important component of any automobile. Brakes provide the ability to reduce or bring automobile to a complete stop. The process of braking is usually achieved by applying pressure to the brake discs. The main objective of this research paper is to propose an appropriate design and to perform analysis of a suitable brake rotor to enhance the performance of the high-speed car. The design of the brake disc is modelled using Solid works and the analysis is carried out using Ansys software. The analysis has been conducted by considering stainless steel and grey cast iron using same brake rotor design so that optimal choice of brake disc can be considered. The analysis considered involves static structural analysis and steady state thermal analysis considering specific parameters on brake rotor to increase the life of brake rotor. From the analysis it is found that the performance and life of disc brake depends upon heat dissipation. From the analysis results it can be concluded that grey cast iron has performed better as compared to stainless steel as this material has anti-fade properties which improves the life of the brake rotor.

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41

Holinski, R., i D. Hesse. "Changes at interfaces of friction components during braking". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 217, nr 9 (1.09.2003): 765–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/095440700321700901.

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The energy generated during the braking procedure needs to be dissipated. As a result of energy adsorption, a number of physical and chemical effects occur that result in surface changes of friction elements. These changes determine the service life of friction components and the effectiveness of brakes. Some of the surface changes are detrimental while others are beneficial for a safe braking procedure. Some changes in interfaces have been studied. In particular, during wet seasons, metallization of brake components is encountered, resulting in surface destruction of brake components. It was found that water decomposes at frictional interfaces during braking. Hydrogen diffuses into the rotor surface, resulting in metallurgical changes. Thin metal foils of alpha-iron are sheared from rotor surfaces and are transferred to composite surfaces. Metallization of pad surfaces results in high noise and wear during braking. Transfer of composite material to the rotor surface leads to the formation of layers which reduces wear of friction elements. Controlled transfer of material is essential for good braking performance. It was found that, at rotor temperatures higher than 500 °C, composite material is no longer transferred to rotor surfaces; rather, the additives in the composite react chemically at rotor surfaces. Decomposition compounds from additives are found on brake discs. Transfer layers and chemical reactions on rotor surfaces have been studied.

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42

Ali, Belhocine, i Nouby Mahdi Ghazaly. "Thermal Modeling of Disc Brake Rotor in Frictional Contact". Journal of Multiscale Modelling 05, nr 03 (wrzesień 2013): 1350013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1142/s1756973713500133.

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Safety aspect in automotive engineering has been considered as a number one priority in development of new vehicle. Each single system has been studied and developed in order to meet safety requirement. Instead of having air bag, good suspension systems, good handling and safe cornering, there is one most critical system in the vehicle which is brake systems. The objective of this work is to investigate and analyze the temperature distribution of rotor disc during braking operation using ANSYS Multiphysics. The work uses the finite element analysis techniques to predict the temperature distribution on the full and ventilated brake disc and to identify the critical temperature of the rotor. The analysis also gives us, the heat flux distribution for the two discs.

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43

Zhong, Shun, Liqing Li, Huizheng Chen i Zhenyong Lu. "A Novel Balancing Method for Rotor Using Unsupervised Deep Learning". Shock and Vibration 2021 (5.07.2021): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/1800164.

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A novel balancing method for rotor based on unsupervised deep learning is proposed in this paper. The architecture of the proposed deep network is described. In the proposed network, compared to the supervised deep network, additional convolution layers are applied not only for the learning of the inverse mapping but also for identifying the unbalanced force without labeled data. The equivalent value and position of imbalances in two correction planes are obtained. A case study of a rotor with two discs supported by sliding bearings is conducted. Preset imbalances are balanced well by the proposed method. And, using the state values at different time intervals, no extra weight trails are needed. The results show that the proposed balancing method gives consideration to both cost and accuracy.

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44

Grieve, D. G., D. C. Barton, D. A. Crolla i J. T. Buckingham. "Design of a lightweight automotive brake disc using finite element and Taguchi techniques". Proceedings of the Institution of Mechanical Engineers, Part D: Journal of Automobile Engineering 212, nr 4 (1.04.1998): 245–54. http://dx.doi.org/10.1243/0954407981525939.

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Aluminium metal matrix composite brake discs offer significant weight advantages compared with the traditional cast iron rotor but have a much lower maximum operating temperature. In this study, a finite element model of an existing brake design is firstly used to predict the peak disc temperatures during two critical brake tests for both cast iron and an aluminium metal matrix composite alternative. A Taguchi analysis is then applied, enabling all the critical design and material factors of an aluminium metal matrix composite rotor to be considered collectively. Based on the results of this exercise, a parametric sensitivity study is carried out to define suitable design-material combinations for a prototype lightweight front brake disc to be used on small to medium passenger vehicles.

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45

Belhocine, A., M. Bouchetara, Ar Bakar i M. Nouby. "Modeling of thermal contact problem of disc brake system with frictional heat generation". World Journal of Engineering 11, nr 4 (1.08.2014): 373–90. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.11.4.373.

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Safety aspect in automotive engineering has been considered as a number one priority in development of new vehicle. Each single system has been studied and developed in order to meet safety requirement. Instead of having air bag, good suspension systems, good handling and safe cornering, there is one most critical system in the vehicle which is brake systems. The objective of this work is to investigate and analyze the temperature distribution of rotor disc during braking operation using ANSYS Multiphysics. The work uses the finite element analysis techniques to predict the temperature distribution on the full and ventilated brake disc and to identify the critical temperature of the rotor. The analysis also gives us, the heat flux distribution for the two discs.

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46

Belhocine, A., M. Bouchetara, A. Bakar i M. Nouby. "Modeling of thermal contact problem of disc brake system with frictional heat generation". World Journal of Engineering 11, nr 5 (1.11.2014): 457–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.1260/1708-5284.11.5.457.

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Safety aspect in automotive engineering has been considered as a number one priority in development of new vehicle. Each single system has been studied and developed in order to meet safety requirement. Instead of having air bag, good suspension systems, good handling and safe cornering, there is one most critical system in the vehicle which is brake systems. The objective of this work is to investigate and analyze the temperature distribution of rotor disc during braking operation using ANSYS Multiphysics. The work uses the finite element analysis techniques to predict the temperature distribution on the full and ventilated brake disc and to identify the critical temperature of the rotor. The analysis also gives us, the heat flux distribution for the two discs.

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47

Cao, Xi, Hong Fang Yuan, Hua Qing Wang, Jian Feng Yang i Wen Bin Liu. "Research on an Electromagnetic Driven Bi-Disc Compensator for Rotor Auto-Balancing". Advanced Materials Research 189-193 (luty 2011): 4276–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.189-193.4276.

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Many balancing devices have been created to reduce machinery vibration especially in a high-speed rotor system which is very sensitive to the rotating mass unbalance. The best solution is that this device can self-perceive vibration changes and then respond these changes in an optimized way according to the different situations, which means it is a self-recovery system. According to this consideration, an electromagnetic driven bi-disc compensator for rotor auto-balancing is proposed here. In this system, rotor unbalance is online identified and calculated, after that the balancing discs will be driven to the best compensating positions, so that the unbalance can be suppressed or eliminated. Long transition time and transient vibration enhancement are terrible roadblocks which limit the industry applications of such auto-balancing system. To solve these deficiencies, a freely rotation bi-disc strategy was established and the solutions of two special cases were also discussed. A rotor auto-balancing test rig was build up. Experiments using the new solution on this rig showed that the electromagnetic compensator could be moved more accurate and effective, by which not only the balancing time was reduced, but also the transient vibration enhancement was avoided.

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48

Vasovic, Ivana, Stevan Maksimovic, Dragi Stamenkovic, Slobodan Stupar, Mirko Maksimovic i Gordana Bakic. "Fracture mechanics analysis of damaged turbine rotor discs using finite element method". Thermal Science 18, suppl.1 (2014): 107–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/tsci121107176v.

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This paper presents evaluation fracture mechanics parameters in low pressure turbine components. Critical locations such as keyway and dovetail area are experiencing stress concentration leading to crack initiation. Stress intensity factors were evaluated using the J-Integral approach available within ANSYS software code. The finite element method allowed the prediction of the point of crack initiation and the crack propagation using the orientations of the maximum principal stresses. Special attention in this investigation is focused to develop analytic expressions for stress intensity factors at critical location of low pres-sure steam turbine disc.

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49

Boucetta, Abdelhamid. "Vector Control of a Variable Reluctance Machine Stator and Rotor Discs Imbricates". American Journal of Engineering and Applied Sciences 1, nr 4 (1.04.2008): 260–65. http://dx.doi.org/10.3844/ajeassp.2008.260.265.

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Ghanbari, Teymoor, Mohsen Sanati Moghadam i Ahmad Darabi. "Comparison between coreless and slotless kinds of dual rotor discs hysteresis motors". IET Electric Power Applications 10, nr 2 (luty 2016): 133–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1049/iet-epa.2015.0188.

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