Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Root canal”
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Khawaja, Naveen, Suneel Kumar Punjabi i Munir Ahmed Banglani. "ROOT CANAL MORPHOLOGY;". Professional Medical Journal 24, nr 04 (6.04.2017): 617–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2017.24.04.1451.
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Morphological features of mandibular 3rd molar are always unpredictable, andshow a discrepancy by way of different individual. Nevertheless, restorative, prosthetic andorthodontic concerns of these mandibular third molars require root canal treatment in turn topreserve functional elements in the jaw. The variation in the root canal anatomy presents clinicalchallenges and difficulties for clinician to undertake endodontic therapy. Therefore it’s veryessential for practitioners must have adequate knowledge of the internal morphology of rootcanal system, use all techniques, equipments is mandatory to treat the entire root canal system.Study Design: Cross-sectional. Setting: Department: Operative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry,Liaquat University of Medical & Health Sciences, Jamshoro. Period: February 2014 to March2016. Methodology: Overall 200 patients of mandibular 3rd molar (fully erupted in the jaw)were enrolled with indicative irreversible pulpitis, Were endodontically treated by conventionalmethod using stainless steel hand files, contra-angle small head hand peace by postgraduatetrainee. After opening of access cavity, every canal was positioned radiographically by the handfiles placed within the canals. Results: Among 200 patients of mandibular third molars wereevaluated by conventionally endodontic treatment, Out of 200 patients were found to havea practical errors in the 65 cases and rest of the 135 cases were treated without any errors.Number of canal configuration has found in lower 3rd molar teeth, one canal contained in4(2.0%) teeth, two canals in 33(16.5%) teeth, three canals in 160(80%) teeth and four in 3(1.5%)teeth. Conclusion: Mandibular third molars showed huge anatomic irregularity. Numberof canals has provided by this study to the practitioner with an understanding of the clinicalrecommended for lowers third molars.
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Bansal, Dr Ramta, Dr Aditya Jain i Dr Ramta Bansal. "Root Canal Treatment of A Maxillary Canine With Two Root Canals: a Case Report". International Journal of Scientific Research 2, nr 8 (1.06.2012): 406–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/22778179/aug2013/134.
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Shafqat, Amira, Bader Munir i Mustafa Sajid. "MAXILLARY SECOND MOLAR". Professional Medical Journal 25, nr 07 (10.07.2018): 981–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.29309/tpmj/2018.25.07.103.
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Introduction: It is important for a dental practitioner to have a clear understandingof the root canal morphology and its variations to perform successful root canal treatment.The inability to identify and adequately treat all canals of root canal system may contribute tothe failure of root canal treatment. Objectives: Clinically determine the frequency or numbersof root canals per tooth in the maxillary second molar teeth in the local population. Setting:Department of Operative Dentistry in Punjab Dental Hospital / de`Montmorency College ofDentistry, Lahore. Study Design: Randomized Control Trial. Study Period: 25th May 2013 to24th November 2013 (6 months). Results: This was a Cross sectional survey of 80 patients withsymptomatic irreversible pulpitis in maxillary second molar teeth in patients undergoing rootcanal treatment. The results showed that five (6.25%) patients had single root canal, seventeen(21.25%) patients had 2 root canals, forty (50%) patients had 3 root canals, seventeen (21.25%)patients had 4 root canals and one (1.25 %) patient had 5 root canals per tooth. In patientwith five canals, single root canal was present in distobuccal and palatal root each while threeroot canals were present in mesiobuccal root as MB-1, MB-2 and MB-3 canal. Conclusion:Local population have a lot of variations in root canal anatomy in second molar. So preclinicalknowledge can increase the success rate of root canal treatment.
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Jafarzadeh, Hamid, Zahed Mohammadi, Sousan Shalavi i Shilpa Bandi. "Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth". Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 16, nr 4 (2015): 310–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-1681.
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ABSTRACT Successful root canal treatment depends on having comprehensive information regarding the root(s)/canal(s) anatomy. Dentists may have some complication in treatment of third molars because the difficulty in their access, their aberrant occlusal anatomy and different patterns of eruption. The aim of this review was to review and address the number of roots and root canals in third molars, prevalence of confluent canals in third molars, C-shaped canals, dilaceration and fusion in third molars, autotransplantation of third molars and endodontic treatment strategies for third molars. How to cite this article Mohammadi Z, Jafarzadeh H, Shalavi S, Bandi S, Patil SG. Root and Root Canal Morphology of Human Third Molar Teeth. J Contemp Dent Pract 2015;16(4): 310-313.
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Liu, Xiaojing, Meili Gao, Jianping Ruan i Qun Lu. "Root Canal Anatomy of Maxillary First Premolar by Microscopic Computed Tomography in a Chinese Adolescent Subpopulation". BioMed Research International 2019 (16.11.2019): 1–9. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4327046.
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Objectives. To investigate the root morphology and root canal anatomy of maxillary first premolar using microscopic computed tomography (micro-CT). Methods. 324 maxillary first premolars were collected and scanned. The root and canal diameter, canal wall thickness, root taper, and cross-sectional shapes were determined in the single root with 1 canal (SR1C), single root with 2 canals (SR2C), and 2 roots with 2 canals (2R2C) by micro-CT. Results. The results showed that single-rooted maxillary premolars were more common than other types. The incidence of SR1C, SR2C, and 2R2C reached 25%, 26.39%, and 26.39%, respectively. Root and canal diameters and canal wall thickness were decreased from coronal third to apical foramen. The three parameters and canal taper showed increases from buccal and palatal (BP) to mesiodistal (MD) aspects. The root canal tapers were smallest of the middle third level. The findings showed the different variations in 2R2C teeth. The root canal cross-sectional morphology in maxillary first premolars is complicated, including round, oval, long oval, flat canal, and irregular canal shapes. The distribution varied in different aspects. Conclusion. Root canal morphology showed a wide variation and complicated structure. The single-rooted teeth were more common in the Chinese adolescent population, and the majority of maxillary first premolars have two canals.
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George, Marina, i Romana Ivančaková. "Root Canal Microflora". Acta Medica (Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic) 50, nr 1 (2007): 7–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.14712/18059694.2017.53.
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Modern day endodontics is undergoing a massive change with the introduction of new molecular based techniques for microbial identification. This review focuses on the microbiota in untreated and root-filled canals. It will also describe briefly the recent developments in microbial identification and the mechanisms by which certain species of microbes are able to invade and establish themselves in the root canal.
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Çoban Kanyılmaz, Ata Nisa, Özlem Okumuş i Hakkı Sunay. "Assessment of root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors using cone-beam computed tomography in a Turkish subpopulation". International Dental Research 11, nr 1 (30.04.2021): 46–53. http://dx.doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.no1.8.
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Aim: The achievement of root canal treatment is influenced by the status of the root canals. The aim of this study was to investigate the frequency of second root canals in mandibular incisors and the prevalence of root canal separation in the cervical, middle and apical thirds of cases with 2 root canals.
Methodology: Retrospective cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) datas of 500 patients seen between 2016 and 2018 were evaluated. A total of 300 patients, 134 males and 166 females, aged 13-71 years (mean age 39.34±13.44) were included in this study. A total of 587 central mandibular incisors and 582 lateral mandibular incisors were examined. The number of roots and root canal morphology based on the Vertucci’s classification were analyzed. The effect of gender on the prevalence of root canal anatomy was also evaluated.
Results: The occurence of more than 1 root canal in mandibular lateral and mandibular central was 41.2% and 40.4% respectively and all teeth had a single root. Type I (59.2%) was the most common type, followed by Type III (31.4%), Type II (5.8%), Type VII (2.1 %), Type VI (0.8%) and Type V (0.7%). Type IV and Type VIII were not observed. The root canal separation in two root canaI of central and lateral mandibular incisors was found in the middle third of the root in 65.4% and 74.6%, respectively. The incidence of Type III in males (39%) was higher than that of females (25.4%), while the incidences of Type I in females (67.7%) were significantly higher than that of males (48.3%). The prevalence of second canals in mandibular incisors were detected more frequently in men than in women.
Conclusion: The prevalence of second canal in total mandibular incisors is 40.8% (Type III was observed the most frequently). CBCT is an appropriate method for identifying of canal morphologies of mandibular incisors.
How to cite this article: Çoban Kanyılmaz AN, Okumuş Ö, Sunay H. Assessment of root canal anatomy of mandibular incisors using cone-beam computed tomography in a Turkish subpopulation. Int Dent Res 2021;11(1):46-53. https://doi.org/10.5577/intdentres.2021.vol11.no1.8
Linguistic Revision: The English in this manuscript has been checked by at least two professional editors, both native speakers of English.
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Karobari, Mohmed Isaqali, Ayesha Parveen, Mubashir Baig Mirza, Saleem D. Makandar, Nik Rozainah Nik Abdul Ghani, Tahir Yusuf Noorani i Anand Marya. "Root and Root Canal Morphology Classification Systems". International Journal of Dentistry 2021 (19.02.2021): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2021/6682189.
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Introduction. While there are many root morphology classification systems with their own distinct advantages, there are many shortcomings that come along with each system. Objectives. The aim of this review was to compare the various root and root canal morphology classifications, their advantages, limitations, and clinical and research implications. Data Sources and Selection. An extensive literature search was conducted on PubMed and Scopus to identify the published data on root and root canal classification systems published until 1 May 2020 using keywords, root canal classification system, classification systems for root canals, and root morphology. The related literature was reviewed and then summarized. Data Synthesis. Several studies have analysed and detailed root and root canal classifications and further added new subsystems, works of Weine et al. (1969) and Vertucci et al. (1974). Besides, Sert and Bayirli (2004) added supplementary types to Vertucci’s classification system. A new classification was most recently introduced by Ahmed et al. (2017) involving the use of codes for tooth numbering, number of roots, and canal configuration. Conclusions. Weine et al. classified only single-rooted teeth, without considering multirooted teeth and complex configurations. Vertucci’s classification included complex configurations, with Sert and Bayirli adding further complex supplemental types. Ahmed et al.’s classification simplifies classifying root and canal morphology while overcoming the limitations of several previous classification systems making it beneficial for implementation in dental schools.
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Kalaitzoglou, Maria Elpida, Eleni Kantilieraki, Charalampos Beltes, Christos Angelopoulos i Panagiotis Beltes. "Second Root Canal in Mandibular Incisors: an Ex Vivo Cone-Beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) Study". Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 22, nr 1 (1.03.2018): 38–42. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2018-0007.
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SummaryBackground/Aim: To analyze the internal morphology of mandibular incisors with two root canals using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Material and Methods: 289 (143 central and 146 lateral) extracted intact mandibular incisors were radiographed for detection of a second root canal. The teeth presenting a second root canal were imaged with CBCT and evaluated regarding: root canal type, the distance of the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) to the bifurcation of the canals and the distance of the canal fusion to the apical foramen (in teeth in which canals rejoined). Results: Out of 143 central and 146 lateral mandibular incisors, 41 (28.7%) and 44 (30.1%) teeth respectively showed a second root canal. Types II, III, V and an additional type to Vertucci’s classification were identified. Type III was the most prevalent and presented in 30 (73.2%) central and 34 (77.3%) lateral mandibular incisors with two root canals. The mean values of the distance of the CEJ to the canal bifurcation were 4.2 mm and 4.0 mm for central and lateral mandibular incisors respectively. The mean values of the distance of the canal fusion to the apical foramen 5.5 mm and 5.1 mm for central and lateral mandibular incisors respectively. Conclusions: Mandibular incisors with two root canals mainly present with Vertucci’s Type 3 canal configuration. The canal bifurcation was identified mostly at the coronal and middle thirds of the root, while the canal fusion occurred in the middle third of the root.
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Razumova, Svetlana, Anzhela Brago, Lamara Khaskhanova, Ammar Howijieh, Haydar Barakat i Ashot Manvelyan. "A Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scanning of the Root Canal System of Permanent Teeth among the Moscow Population". International Journal of Dentistry 2018 (25.09.2018): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2615746.
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Background. Successful endodontic treatment requires a significant knowledge of root canal anatomy. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root and root canal number of permanent teeth among the Moscow population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT) scanning. Materials and methods. 300 CBCT images of subjects were analyzed to study the anatomy of roots and root canal system of each tooth. The collected data were analyzed using IBM SPSS statistics software 22.0 version. Results. The maxillary incisors and canines had one root with one canal in 100%. Maxillary premolars had one root with one or two canals and two roots with two canals, while mandibular premolars were single-rooted with one or two canals. Maxillary first and second molar had three separated roots, and the prevalence of four canals was more often in first molars. Mandibular molars had two roots with different number of canals. Conclusion. The root canal system varies greatly among populations and even in different individuals within the same population; thus, using CBCT scanning is an effective technique in investigating the root canal system.
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Muppalla, Jaya Nagendra Krishna, Krishnamurthy Kavuda, Rajani Punna i Amulya Vanapatla. "Management of an Unusual Maxillary Canine: A Rare Entity". Case Reports in Dentistry 2015 (2015): 1–3. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/780908.
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Clinicians need to have intimate knowledge and thorough understanding of both pulp chamber and root canal anatomy. They should be aware of possibility of anatomical variations in the root canal system during endodontic treatment. Maxillary canines usually have single root and root canal but rarely may have single root with two root canals. This case describes a lengthier maxillary canine with two root canals.
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Peiris, Roshan, Uthpala Malwatte, Janak Abayakoon i Anuradha Wettasinghe. "Variations in the Root Form and Root Canal Morphology of Permanent Mandibular First Molars in a Sri Lankan Population". Anatomy Research International 2015 (13.08.2015): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/803671.
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The present study was conducted to determine the number of roots and morphology of the root canal system of permanent mandibular first molars (M1) in a Sri Lankan population. Sample of 529 M1 teeth was used. The number of roots was examined and the lengths of the mesial and distal roots were measured to the nearest 0.01 mm. Vacuum injection protocol was used to inject China ink into the root canal system, making it transparent. Root canal morphology was recorded using Vertucci’s classification. Presence of furcation canals, position of lateral canals, intercanal communications, level of bifurcation, and convergence of the root canal system were recorded. M1 showed three roots in 4.1% of the sample. Commonest root canal morphology of the mesial root was type IV and the distal root was type I. The level of bifurcation of the root canals was commonly observed in the cervical one-third of the root while convergence was observed in the apical one-third in both roots. Prevalence of three rooted mandibular first molars is less than 5%. Mesial root showed the most variable canal morphology. Prevalence of furcation canals was 1.5% while that of middle mesial canals was 0.2%.
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Maniglia-Ferreira, Claudio, Fabio de Almeida Gomes i Bruno Carvalho Sousa. "Management of Six Root Canals in Mandibular First Molar". Case Reports in Medicine 2015 (2015): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2015/827070.
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Success in root canal treatment is achieved after thorough cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system. This clinical case describes conventional root canal treatment of an unusual mandibular first molar with six root canals. The prognosis for endodontic treatment in teeth with abnormal morphology is unfavorable if the clinician fails to recognize extra root canals.
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Sana, U., I. U. Niazi, R. S. Din, M. Rasheed, I. Haider i O. Yousaf. "Root. Canal. Morphology. of Mandibular. First. Permanent. Molars. in a Pakistani. Sub-population". Pakistan Journal of Medical and Health Sciences 15, nr 6 (30.06.2021): 1314–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.53350/pjmhs211561314.
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Aim : To investigate the number and. patterns of. root canals. of mandibular. first. molars.. Methods.: Descriptive observational study to investigate the canal morphology using clearing technique. The duration of the study was one year from 1st February 2020 to 1st February 2021.Non purposive sampling technique was used and 200 mandibular first molar were collected. Data collected was analysed using the SPSS Vr 10. Study variables include Number and pattern of the roots in mandibular teeth. Descriptive statistics were used; frequencies of the root canals and their canal pattern were calculated. Results: In the mesial root, 14 teeth had a one root canal,186 possessed double root canals were observed. Distal root of 160 teeth possessed one canal, 40 teeth possessed two root canals with type 1 pattern mostly observed. Conclusion: Like other populations Pakistani population may have a diverse root canal system in the mandibular molars that ultimately affect endodontic therapy. Keywords: Roots, canals, anatomy, tooth clearing technique, demineralization
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Bulut, Duygu Goller, Emre Kose, Gozde Ozcan, Ahmet Ercan Sekerci, Emin Murat Canger i Yıldıray Sisman. "Evaluation of root morphology and root canal configuration of premolars in the Turkish individuals using cone beam computed tomography". European Journal of Dentistry 09, nr 04 (październik 2015): 551–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.4103/1305-7456.172624.
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ABSTRACT Objective: The aim of the present study is to assess the root and root canal morphology of maxillary and mandibular premolars in a Turkish population by using cone beam computed tomography (CBCT). Materials and Methods: In this study, CBCT images of 2134 premolars (987 maxillary, 1147 mandibular) were obtained from 404 patients. Details of gender, age, number of roots and canals, and canal configuration in each root were recorded. The canal configuration was classified and evaluated according to Vertucci's criteria. Results: The majority of maxillary premolars had two separate roots; although, three roots were identified in 1% of maxillary first premolars. However, most of the mandibular premolars had a single root. The two canals (69.9%) and type I (62.6%) and type II (34.1%) configuration for upper first premolar, one canal (82.1%) and type I (77.6%) canal configuration for second premolar was the most prevalent root canal frequency. The most prevalent root canal frequency was the one canal (96.2%) and type I (94.2%) and type V (3.2%) configuration for mandibular first premolar, one canal (98.9%) and type I (98.9%) canal configuration for second premolar. There was no difference in the root canal configurations and the numbers of canals between the left and the right side of both females and males (P > 0.05). Conclusions: Recognition of morphology and anatomy of the root canal system is one of the most important factors for successful endodontic treatment. Preoperative CBCT examination allows determination of root canal configuration of premolar teeth and helps clinicians in root canal treatment.
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Bhadoria, Anupriya, Vineeta Nikhil i Padmanabh Jha. "An Intriguing Case of Maxillary Canine with Two Canals: A Rare Entity". International Journal of Research and Review 8, nr 5 (21.05.2021): 221–24. http://dx.doi.org/10.52403/ijrr.20210529.
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One of the major causes of root canal treatment failure is inability to find and manage an extra canal (s). For achieving successful endodontic therapy, knowledge of root canal morphology and variations in the root is important. The purpose of this case report is to report a rare case of maxillary canine with two root canals. It describes the treatment of a permanent maxillary left canine having an additional canal (Vertucci’s Type II canal configuration) present in a 48 year old female patient. Clinical examination revealed a maxillary canine with a previously initiated access. Radiographic examination revealed a previously initiated access in left maxillary canine, having an additional canal. Keywords: Endodontic treatment, maxillary canine, root canal anatomy, two root canals.
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Razumova, Svetlana, Anzhela Brago, Ammar Howijieh, Haydar Barakat, Yuliya Kozlova i Malina Baykulova. "Evaluation of Cross-Sectional Root Canal Shape and Presentation of New Classification of Its Changes Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography Scanning". Applied Sciences 10, nr 13 (29.06.2020): 4495. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/app10134495.
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The root canal system is considering the most important factor in endodontic treatment, due to the complexity of its anatomy and morphology. The aim of this study was to evaluate the cross-sectional root canal shape in three thirds (coronal, middle, apical) in different age groups using cone-beam computed tomography scanning (CBCT) and to present a new classification for root canal shape changes. This cross-sectional study included 300 CBCT scans for patient aged 20–70, and these scans were evaluated to study the morphology of the cross-sectional root canal shape in coronal, middle, and apical thirds among three age groups, namely the young (20–44), middle (45–59), and elderly (60–70). The root canal shape was classified as round, oval, long oval, and ribbon (with or without isthmus). The cross-sectional root canal shape was identified in two groups: canals with an unchanging (constant) shape and canals with changing shape. In turn, in canals with changing shape, the change could be identified in the region of the middle or apical thirds of the canal. The results showed that root canal shape changes in two cases: (1) the presence of one or more canals in the root (with or without isthmus between them), and (2) with age, as it was observed that the cross-sectional shape of the root canal becomes round in the apical third with age. A new classification of the changes of root canal shape in three thirds (coronal, middle, apical) was presented in this study.
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Bansal, Dr Ramta, i Dr Aditya Jain. "Root Canal Treatment of a Mandibular Second Molar With a Single Mesial Canal and Two Distal Canals". Indian Journal of Applied Research 3, nr 8 (1.10.2011): 79–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.15373/2249555x/aug2013/162.
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Wu, Dongqing, Jian Gao, Xiaoli Hu, Zhengtao Xiao, Zhuwei Huang, Lanyu Zhang, Xin Chen i Yunbo He. "Evaluation Algorithm of Root Canal Shape Based on Steklov Spectrum Analysis". Computational and Mathematical Methods in Medicine 2019 (3.11.2019): 1–16. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4830914.
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In recent years, we have seen more and more interest in the field of medical images and shape comparison motivated by the latest advances in microcomputed tomography (μCT) acquisition, modelling, and visualization technologies. Usually, biologists need to evaluate the effect of different root canal preparation systems. Current root canal preparation evaluation methods are based on the volume difference, area difference, and transportation of two root canals before and after treatment. The purpose of root canal preparation is to minimize the volume difference and ensure the complete removal of the smear layer. Previous methods can reflect some general geometric differences, but they are not enough to evaluate the quality of root canal shape. To solve this problem, we proposed a novel root canal evaluation method based on spectrum and eigenfunctions of Steklov operators, which can be served as a better alternative to current methods in root canal preparation evaluation. Firstly, the ideal root canal model was simulated according to the root canal model before and after preparation. Secondly, the Steklov spectrum of the two models was calculated. Thirdly, based on the spectrum and the histogram of the Gaussian curvature on the surface, the weight of each eigenvalue was computed. Therefore, the Steklov spectrum distance (SSD), which measures shape difference between the root canals, was defined. Finally, the calculation method that quantifies the root canal preparation effect of root canals was obtained. Through experiments, our method manifested high robustness and accuracy compared with existing state-of-the-art approaches. It also demonstrates the significance of our algorithm’s advantages on a variety of challenging root canals through result comparison with counterpart methods.
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Vikram, Mannu. "C-shaped canal, an endodontic challenge". Health Renaissance 11, nr 1 (11.02.2013): 89–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v11i1.7610.
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Recognition of unusual variations in the canal configuration is critical because it has been established that the root with a single tapering canal and apical foramen is the exception rather than the rule. C-shaped canals are anatomic features that present the clinician with both diagnostic and operational challenges. The early recognition of these configurations facilitates cleaning, shaping, and obturation of the root canal system. .C. configuration, which is an important anatomic variation, presents a thin fin connecting the root canals.The C-shaped root canal system is an anatomical variant of the root canal structure in which a continuous slit or web connects individual root canals. These C-shaped canals present a challenge to the clinician, both at the diagnostic and treatment level. Health Renaissance, January-April 2013; Vol. 11 No.1; 89-91 DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/hren.v11i1.7610
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Shrestha, Sushmita, Navin Agrawal, Mannu Vikram, Vimmi Singh, Ashok Ayer i Arbind Rai. "C shaped canal: Variation and Recommendations". Journal of College of Medical Sciences-Nepal 14, nr 1 (30.03.2018): 62–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jcmsn.v14i1.19125.
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Root canal morphology is not uniform, variations of root canals are routinely encountered by endodontists making the root canal treatment more challenging. C shaped canal is a variation commonly encountered in mandibular second molars. The main identifying feature of such canals is presence of fins or webs interconnecting with the main canals. Such canal systems require meticulous mechanical and rigorous chemical preparation to ensure desired outcome of the treatment. Proper assessment of tooth morphology, preoperative radiograph along with consideration towards racial predilection will greatly help in accurate identification of such canals pre-operatively. This paper reports a case of C shaped canal in mandibular second molar diagnosed and treated taking all the precautions and adapting necessary modifications in the steps of conventional root canal treatment steps where required thus increasing the likelihood of success.
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Perlea, Paula, Cristina Nistor, Alexandru Andrei Iliescu, Daniel Nistor, Robert Perlea Baltac i Mihaela Jana Ţuculină. "Evaluation of root canal morphology of maxillary second premolars in a Romanian population". Romanian Journal of Stomatology 61, nr 1 (31.03.2015): 45–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.37897/rjs.2015.1.8.
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The complex root canal system of maxillary second premolars shows variations among different populations. The aim of this study was to evaluate the root canal morphology of second maxillary premolars in the romanian population. The number of roots, root canals and the root canal configuration were investigated using radiographs in both buccal-oral and mesio-distal incidence. They were categorized using Weine’s classifi cation. Among the 480 teeth, 90.83% had one root and 66.67% one root canal. The frequency of secondary maxillary premolars with two root canals (33.12%) shouldn’t be underestimated. Knowing the variations of the internal root canal morphology of maxillary second premolars in a certain population can lead the clinician to a better approach of the endodontic treatment.
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Mahajan, Pardeep, Ruma Grover, Shikha Baghi Bhandari, Prashant Monga i Vanita Keshav. "Management of Mandibular Lateral Incisor with Two Roots: a Case Report". International Journal of Medical and Dental Sciences 5, nr 1 (17.01.2016): 1093. http://dx.doi.org/10.19056/ijmdsjssmes/2016/v5i1/83583.
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Successful outcome of endodontic treatment depends on the identification of all root canals which in turn guarantee complete extirpation of pulp tissue, proper chemo-mechanical cleaning and shaping and three dimensional obturation of the root canal system with an inert filling material. However endodontic treatment can fail for many reasons, such as diagnostic errors, persistence of the infection in the root canal system, errors in debridement and shaping of the root canal systems, instrument fractures, poor restorations and extra roots or canals if not detected are the reasons for failure. Undetected extra roots or root canals have been considered as a major reason for failure of root canal treatment. Many of the challenges faced during root canal treatment may be directly attributed to an inadequate understanding of the canal morphology of teeth. A broad knowledge of both the external and internal anatomy of teeth is of great importance for adequate endodontic treatment. We present a case report of 2 roots in mandibular lateral incisor.
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Vusataya, E. V., i R. G. Pomogalov. "Clinical case: second mandibular premolar with three root canals". Endodontics Today 19, nr 2 (13.07.2021): 117–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.36377/1683-2981-2021-19-2-117-12.
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Successful and predictable endodontic treatment requires knowledge of root canal anatomy and morphology variations. In cases where X-ray images do not help to clarify the anatomy of the root canals, it is recommended to use magnifying devices. The second premolar of the lower jaw is one of the most diffcult teeth for endodontic treatment due to variations in internal morphology, additional root canals, apical deltas, and lateral canals. Diagnostic radiographs in different projections are important for getting an idea of the number of existing root canals. The purpose of root canal treatment is to clean the root canal of pathogenic microbes and infected pulp, prevent the formation of toxic products, and protect the periapical tissue. The presence of root canal variability increases the complexity of endodontic treatment. The complex anatomy of the root canals, the presence of additional channels, unnoticed by the dentist, can cause the failure of endodontic treatment.
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Nurhapsari, Arlina. "PENATALAKSANAAN GIGI PREMOLAR KEDUA MAKSILA DENGAN SALURAN AKAR VERTUCCI TIPE V - laporan Kasus". ODONTO : Dental Journal 1, nr 1 (1.05.2014): 53. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/odj.1.1.53-56.
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Background: The aim of the case report is to demonstrate the importance of knowing the root canals configuration in the maxillary second premolars. Maxillary second premolars usually have one root canal, however in several cases there is more than one root canal with a variety of configurations. Method: multiple visit root canal treatment with a crown down technique on the maxillary second premolar with unusual root canals configuration which is confirmed using radiograph. Result: Based on radiograph, it was identified Vertucci type V root canal on the maxillary second premolars. After biomechanical preparation, obturation was conducted. When patient controlled, there were not problem and inflammation. Conclusion : This report described and discussed about the possibility of root canals variation on the maxillary second premolars. Careful examination using radiograph and deep knowledge, it is identified by the clinician in treating root canal treatment on that premolars.
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Sahoo, Hrudi Sundar, R. Kurinji Amalavathy i D. Pavani. "A Case Report on Endodontic Management of a Rare Vertucci Type III Maxillary Canine". Case Reports in Dentistry 2019 (29.01.2019): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2019/4154067.
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Success in root canal treatment demands a thorough knowledge of usual root canal anatomy and its variations pertaining to every tooth. Variations in root canal anatomy are often accompanied by complex orientation of pulp tissues making a thorough mechanical and chemical debridement a challenge. Inability to treat such complexities often leads to endodontic failure. Upon a quick review of the literature, it has been noted that very few root canal complexities in maxillary canines have been reported. To be a successful clinician, one must be aware of such rare anatomical instances in maxillary canines. Based on possible branching of the root canal system, root canal configurations of permanent teeth were divided into eight different types by Vertucci. The classification included single to three separate root canals. This case report presents a permanent right maxillary canine which is single rooted having a single canal orifice and a root canal dividing into two canals (buccal and palatal) at the middle third of the root and then joining at the apical third, before exiting with a single apical foramen (Vertucci type III).
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Datta, Piyali, Shabnam Zahir, Gautam Kumar Kundu i Kaushik Dutta. "Different Methods of Studying Root Canal Morphology of Human Tooth: A Review". Bangladesh Journal of Dental Research & Education 5, nr 2 (27.08.2015): 59–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjdre.v5i2.24718.
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Successful root canal therapy requires an in-depth knowledge of root canal morphology.False assumptions about the root canal anatomy of teeth may lead to misdiagnosis, missed canals, improper debridement and breakage of root canal instruments during root canal treatment. The objective of this paper was to review the various methods used to study and understand root canal systems. The complexity of root canal morphology presents a challenge to any clinician. Any attempt to perform root canal therapy must be preceded with a thorough understanding of the anatomy of both the pulp chamber and the root canal system.Several methods have been used to examine the root canal system ranging from in vitro methods such as sectioning of teeth, metal castings to advanced in vivo tomographic imaging, along with the use of magnificationBangladesh Journal of Dental Research and Education Vol.5(2) 2015: 59-63
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Kim, Yemi, Donghee Lee, Da-Vin Kim i Sin-Young Kim. "Analysis of Cause of Endodontic Failure of C-Shaped Root Canals". Scanning 2018 (25.11.2018): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2018/2516832.
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The purpose of this study was to analyze various characteristics and classification of C-shaped root canals and evaluate the causes of endodontic failure of C-shaped root canals by examining the resected root surface with an endodontic microscope and a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Forty-two teeth with C-shaped root canals were included in this study and had undergone intentional replantation surgery. Before surgery, periapical radiography and cone-beam computed tomography were taken. The root canal configuration was analyzed and classified according to Melton’s classification at coronal and apical level. After injection of 1 : 100,000 epinephrine with 2% lidocaine, the tooth was carefully extracted. After the root-end resection, the resected root surface was examined using an operating microscope and SEM. Mandibular second molars were most frequently involved teeth (90.4%). The most frequently observed root canal configurations were C1 at the coronal level (45.2%) and C3 at the apical 3 mm level (45.2%). The most common cause of failure for a C-shaped root canal treatment was a leaky canal (45.2%), followed by an isthmus (23.8%), missing canal, overfilling, and iatrogenic problems. In conclusion, C-shaped root canals were most frequently found in mandibular second molars. The most common cause of failure was a leaky canal and isthmus.
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Chourasia, Hemant Ramesh, Ganesh K. Meshram, Manjusha Warhadpande i Darshan Dakshindas. "Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First Permanent Molars in an Indian Population". International Journal of Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–6. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/745152.
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Anin vitrostudy was performed to determine the number of roots, root canals per tooth, root canal configurations, and frequency of isthmi and apical deltas in mandibular first permanent molars in an Indian population. Hundred and fifty mandibular first permanent molars were collected and subjected to clearing technique. The cleared teeth were examined in a stereomicroscope under 7.5x magnifications. The canal configurations were categorized using Vertucci's classification. Overall 94.6% of the mandibular first molars had two roots, and 5.3% had extradistal roots (distolingual root). In addition, 64% of the specimens had three root canals, and 36% had four root canals. The most common canal configurations of mesial and distal roots were Vertucci type IV (54%) and type I (65.3%), respectively. Clinician should be aware of the complex root canal morphology of mandibular first molars among the Indian population before and during the root canal treatment.
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Shrestha, Sandhya, Manish Raj Sapkota, Ankit Shah, Santosh Rajbhandari i Pratyush Sapkota. "Occurrence of Second Mesio-buccal Canal in Maxillary First Permanent Molar: A CBCT Study". Orthodontic Journal of Nepal 7, nr 1 (30.06.2017): 39–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/ojn.v7i1.18901.
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Introduction: Complexity in root canal morphology leads to chances of failure in endodontic treatment due to missed canal. Availability of Cone-beam Computed Tomography (CBCT) has contributed to assess second mesiobuccal canals in maxillary first molars.Objective: To study the presence of second mesiobuccal (MB2) canals, classify morphology of canals according to Vertucci’s classification and to measure the distance between MB1 and MB2 canals.Materials & Method: 72 CBCT scans including 115 permanent maxillary first molars were evaluated by endodontist and oral radiologist separately using Dicom software to study the mesiobuccal root canal morphology. Oral radiologist and endodontist individually evaluated the scans through coronal, axial and oblique views to study canal configurations. Vertucci’s Classification was used to classify the canal configurations. Statistical tests were done to assess the gender variation and arch side difference.Result: Among 115 images evaluated; 30.4% samples had second mesiobuccal canal. The most common canal configuration was Type I (60.9 %) in mesiobuccal root. The mean distance between MB1 and MB2 canals was 2.39 mm in female and 2.56 mm in male.Conclusion: The occurrence of second canal in mesiobuccal root of maxillary permanent molar is considerable in Nepali patients. CBCT can be an effective tool to detect MB2 canal and other complexities of root canal system to achieve clinical success
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Dosumu, Oluwole O., Iyabo M. Funmilayo Abiodun-Solanke, Peter O. Shaba i Deborah M. Ajayi. "Prevalence of Additional Canals in Maxillary First Molars in a Nigerian Population". Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 9, nr 7 (2008): 81–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jcdp-9-7-81.
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Abstract Aim The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of additional canals in maxillary first molars in a selected population in Nigeria. Methods and Materials One hundred extracted teeth were collected from the Pedodontic and Oral Surgery clinics of the University College Hospital in Ibadan, Nigeria. The teeth were identified and their root planed to remove adherent soft tissues. Each tooth was sectioned at the cementoenamel junction (CEJ) and then again at 2 mm below the CEJ. The number of canals present in each root was noted. For the clinical aspect of the study, 30 patients with clinical and radiological evidence of pulpal involvement participated in the study. These patients had root canal therapy performed on their maxillary first molars and the number of canals was confirmed with periapical radiographs. Results In the laboratory phase of the study 77% of the teeth sectioned had three canals while 22% had four canals with the fourth canal being a second mesiobuccal canal. Only one tooth had five canals with two canals in the palatal root, two canals in the mesiobuccal root, and the remaining canal in the distobuccal root. For the clinical phase of the study, 29 (96.7%) out of 30 patients treated had three canals while only one (3.3%) had four canals with the fourth canal being a second mesiobuccal canal. Conclusion Clinicians should assume there are additional canals in each root when performing endodontic therapy on the maxillary first molar. Only after a thorough search for extra canals and after it is determined further preparation would be fruitless or could cause perforation should the clinician proceed with treating only one canal per root. Clinical Significance If root canal therapy fails, it may be due to the existence of an extra canal that was not located and treated in the first place. This should be considered carefully during re-treatment either by surgical or non-surgical methods. Citation Abiodun-Solanke IMF, Dosumu OO, Shaba PO, Ajayi DM. Prevalence of Additional Canals in Maxillary First Molars in a Nigerian Population. J Contemp Dent Pract 2008 November; (9)7:081-088.
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Badole, Gautam P., Rakesh N. Bahadure, M. M. Warhadpande i Rajesh Kubde. "A Rare Root Canal Configuration of Maxillary Second Molar: A Case Report". Case Reports in Dentistry 2012 (2012): 1–4. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2012/767582.
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A thorough knowledge of root canal morphology is a prerequisite for the endodontic therapy. The maxillary molars, especially the second molars, have the most complicated root canal system in permanent dentition. There are many variations in canal number and configuration in maxillary molars. Treatment may be unsuccessful because the dentist may fail to recognize the unusual canal configuration. The present paper describes a case of a right maxillary second molar with a canal configuration rarely reported in the literature. The tooth had four roots with four root canals, two individual palatal roots (mesiopalatal and distopalatal) with their own separate canals. The mesiobuccal and distobuccal root had normal anatomy. This paper may intensify the complexity of maxillary molar variation and is intended to reinforce clinician’s awareness of the rare morphology of root canals.
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Maniglia-Ferreira, C., Fábio de Almeida-Gomesa, Bruno Carvalho de Sousa, Carla Cabral dos Santos Acioli Lins i Roberto Alves dos Santos. "A Case of Unusual Anatomy in Second Mandibular Molar with Four Canals". European Journal of Dentistry 02, nr 03 (lipiec 2008): 217–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.1055/s-0039-1697382.
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ABSTRACTSuccess in root canal treatment is achieved after thought cleaning and shaping followed by the complete obturation of root canal system. Such treatment may be performed in root canal systems that do not comply with the normal anatomical features described in standard textbooks. This article describes the conventional root canal treatment on an unusual mandibular second molar with four root-canals. (Eur J Dent 2008;2:217-219)
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Jabali, Ahmad H. "Middle Mesial and Middle Distal Canals in Mandibular First Molar". Journal of Contemporary Dental Practice 19, nr 2 (2018): 233–36. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10024-2242.
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ABSTRACT Background Root canal anatomy is a complex entity. The main objective of root canal treatment is to get rid of the infection and have a good apical and coronal seal with an appropriate filling. Inability to achieve thorough cleaning and shaping followed by three-dimensional obturation of the root canal system usually causes root canal treatment failure. For this reason, clinicians should be aware of these anatomical variations to achieve successful treatment. Aim The aim of this article is to report on the successful treatment and follow-up of mandibular first molar with additional middle mesial (MM) and middle distal (MD) canals. Case report A 29-year-old white male patient reported with a complaint of pain in relation with tooth #19. On clinical examination, diagnosis of symptomatic irreversible pulpitis with symptomatic apical periodontitis and condensing osteitis was made and nonsurgical root canal treatment was planned. Initially, two mesial and two distal canals were located, and the patient was planned for the obturation in the second visit. The complaint of mild persistent symptoms gave a possibility of additional canals. Under the dental operating microscope and selective troughing on the floor of the pulp chamber with ultrasonic tips, additional canals were located as MM and MD canals. Conclusion Leaving some area of the root canal system untreated is found to be one of the main reasons for root canal treatment failure. Dentists should take advantage of new tools, such as dental operating microscope and ultrasonic tips to be able to locate and treat the hidden and unusual anatomy. Clinical significance Mandibular first molar with six canals is very rare to encounter. Clinician should have a thorough knowledge of these unusual anatomy to avoid treatment failure due to incomplete disinfection of the root canal system. Keywords Additional canals, Mandibular first molar, Middle distal, Middle mesial, Root canal morphology. How to cite this article Jabali AH. Middle Mesial and Middle Distal Canals in Mandibular First Molar. J Contemp Dent Pract 2018;19(2):233-236.
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Ajith, Rakhi, Noushad M. C, Jamsheed E. T i Muhammad Askar. "A case series of unusual root canal morphology". Journal of Research in Dentistry 4, nr 2 (10.10.2016): 37. http://dx.doi.org/10.19177/jrd.v4e2201637-40.
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Aim: The thorough knowledge of tooth morphology and its variations is essential for successful endodontic treatment.Case report: This article reports an unusual root canal configuration that was detected in a maxillary central incisor with two root canals , mandibular canine with two canals and mandibular canine with two roots and root canals.Conclusions: These case reports increase the awareness of clinicians on variations in the root canal anatomy so that complete disinfection and obturation of the root canal system is possible.
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Ilic, Jugoslav, Mirjana Vujaskovic i Ruzica Nedeljkovic. "Endodontic therapy of a mandibular premolar with three root canals: Two case reports". Serbian Dental Journal 57, nr 3 (2010): 163–69. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/sgs1003163i.
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The most important requirements for successful endodontic treatment are accurate diagnosis and good knowledge of canal morphology. A mandibular second premolars rarely have more than one root and one root canal. Data from the literature indicate low percentage of a mandibular premolars with three or more root canals. Unusual morphology of the root canal system is diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. It is very important to analyze preoperative radiograph and to explore thoroughly the entrance of the root canal. The aim of this study was to present two patients who had lower second premolars with three canals that required endodontic therapy.
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Bhardwaj, Anuj, i GS Tarun. "Mandibular Second Molar having Four Roots and Unusual Root Canal Morphology". Journal of Health Sciences & Research 8, nr 1 (2017): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.5005/jp-journals-10042-1049.
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ABSTRACT Introduction The objective of this article is to highlight the importance of having a thorough knowledge about the root canal anatomy and the possibility of extra root/root canal. Materials and methods This case report presents the endodontic management of a left mandibular second molar with four roots and five canals. Results The clinical and radiographic diagnosis shows the existence of four roots and five canals (two in distobuccal root, one in distolingual root, one in mesiobuccal root, and one in mesiolingual root) in mandibular second molar. Conclusion Anatomic variation in the number of roots and root canals can occur in any tooth. Close examination of radiographs taken from different angles and careful evaluation of the internal anatomy of teeth is essential or else root canal treatment is likely to fail if extra roots or root canals are not detected. How to cite this article Bhardwaj A, Tarun GS. Mandibular Second Molar having Four Roots and Unusual Root Canal Morphology. J Health Sci Res 2017;8(1):49-52.
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Quadros, Iadasa de, Alexandre Augusto Zaia, Caio Cezar Randi Ferraz, Francisco José de Souza Filho i Brenda Paula Figueiredo de Almeida Gomes. "Radiographic prevalence of root canal ramifications in a sample of root canal treatments in a Brazilian Dental School". Brazilian Oral Research 21, nr 2 (czerwiec 2007): 112–17. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1806-83242007000200004.
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The aim of this study was to radiographically investigate the presence of root canal ramifications found after endodontic treatment, and to determine any relationship between their presence and the type of the auxiliary chemical substance used. The study evaluated 1,470 endodontic treatments performed by final year undergraduate students at the Dental School of Piracicaba, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), SP, Brazil, during the period from 1998 to 2000. The X-rays taken during treatment were evaluated in order to establish the presence of ramifications of the root canal system. The initial X-ray did not show the presence of any canal ramifications. After filling, X-rays showed only 3 ramification types: 3.06% of lateral canals, 2.99% of apical deltas, and 0.1% of interradicular canals. The maxillary premolars showed the highest number of lateral canals (n = 13), followed by mandibular premolars (n = 10) and maxillary incisors (n = 10). Apical deltas were mostly found in mandibular molars (n = 14), followed by maxillary incisors (n = 9). Only mandibular molars had interradicular canals. The detection of ramifications increased with the use of EDTA. However, no statistically significant relationship was found between the type of auxiliary chemical substance used and the number of root canal ramifications detected after root canal filling. It was concluded that the frequency of root canal ramifications found radiographically was low in treatments performed by undergraduate students.
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Albino Souza, Matheus, João Paulo De Carli, Fernando Tolfo Rodrigues, Larissa Piuco, Karolina Frick Bischoff, Juliane Bervian, Julia Zandoná, Estela Marta Doffo Winocur i Adriana De Jesus Soares. "Evaluation of apical transportation and apical root sealing in root canals prepared with mtwo rotary system with and without apical enlargement – an in vitro study". Bioscience Journal 37 (12.01.2021): e37004. http://dx.doi.org/10.14393/bj-v37n0a2021-56141.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate apical transportation and apical root canal sealing after root canal filling in human teeth prepared with MTwo® Rotary System with and without apical foramen enlargement. Twenty mandibular premolars were divided into two groups (n=10). Group 1 had root canals prepared 1mm beyond the apical foramen. Group 2 had root canals prepared 1mm below the root canal length. After chemo-mechanical preparation, samples were submitted to scanning electronic microscopy. Apical foramen images had 75x magnification at standardized positions, allowing measurements from the apical foramen area before and after root canal preparation, and after root canal filling. Apical foramen shape and apical transportation, as well as its level of circumferential filling after root canal preparation were accessed using the Image Subtraction System. Scanning electronic microscopy analysis demonstrated that samples of Group 1 showed larger foraminal diameter than samples of Group 2 (p<0.05). Apical foramen transportation was statistically different between Groups 1 and 2 (p=0.0108). Furthermore, the apical foramen sealing also differed statistically between groups 1 and 2 (p=0.0007) and 100% of samples of Group 1 showed apical root canal sealing. Apical root canal sealing was more effective when the root canal was prepared with apical foramen enlargement, even when the apical transportation was detected.
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Mukhaimer, Raed Hakam. "Evaluation of Root Canal Configuration of Mandibular First Molars in a Palestinian Population by Using Cone-Beam Computed Tomography: An Ex Vivo Study". International Scholarly Research Notices 2014 (13.08.2014): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2014/583621.
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Aim. The purpose of this study was to investigate the number of canals and variations in root canal configuration in the mandibular permanent first molar teeth of a Palestinian population using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. A sample of 320 extracted double-rooted mandibular permanent first molars from Palestinian population was collected for this study and scanned with CBCT scanner. The following observations were made: number of root canals per root and canal configuration in each root based on Vertucci’s classification. Results. Of the 320 mandibular first molars analyzed, 174 (54.4%) had three canals, 132 teeth (41.3%) had four canals, and only four teeth had two canals. The most common canal configuration in the mesial roots was Vertucci type IV (53.8%) followed by type II (38.8%). In the distal roots, the most prevalent canal configuration was Vertucci type I (57.5%) followed by type II ( 22.5%) and type III (10.6%). Conclusion. Our results showed that the number of canals and canal configuration in Palestinian population were consistent with previously reported data. The present study also indicates that CBCT is helpful as a diagnostic tool for the investigation of root canal morphology.
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Tanomaru-Filho, Mário, Juliane Maria Guerreiro Tanomaru, Mario Roberto Leonardo i Lea Assed Bezerra da Silva. "Periapical repair after root canal filling with different root canal sealers". Brazilian Dental Journal 20, nr 5 (2009): 389–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s0103-64402009000500006.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate periapical repair after root canal filling with different endodontic sealers. Sixty-four root canals from dog´s teeth were filled, divided into 4 groups (n=16). Root canals were instrumented with K-type files and irrigated with 1% sodium hypochlorite solution. Root canals were filled in the same session by active lateral condensation of the cones and sealers: Intrafill, AH Plus, Roeko Seal and Resilon/Epiphany System. After 90 days, the animals were euthanized and the tissues to be evaluated were processed and stained with hematoxylin and eosin. For histopathological analysis, the following parameters were evaluated: inflammatory process, mineralized tissue resorption, and apical mineralized tissue deposition. Histopathological analysis demonstrated that Intrafill had less favorable results in terms of apical and periapical repair, compared to the other sealers (p<0.05). AH Plus, Roeko Seal, and Epiphany sealers had similar and satisfactory results (p>0.05). In conclusion, AH Plus and the materials Roeko Seal and Epiphany are good options for clinical use in Endodontics.
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Popovic, Milica, Suzana Zivanovic, Tamara Vucicevic, Miona Grujovic i Milos Papic. "Cone-beam computed tomography study of tooth root and canal morphology of permanent molars in a Serbian population". Vojnosanitetski pregled 77, nr 5 (2020): 470–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.2298/vsp180322100p.
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Background/Aim. For successful endodontic therapy, it is necessary to know root morphology. Therefore, the aim of our study was to analyze root canal morphology and root canal length of permanent molars in a Serbian population, using cone-beam computed tomography (CBCT). Methods. The study included a total of 305 maxillary molars, and 280 mandibular molars receiving cone-beam computed tomography examination and determined root numbers, canal morphology according to Vertucci classification, and canal lengths. Results were correlated with sex and tooth location in the jaw. Results. The mesiobuccal roots of first maxillary molars showed Vertucci type I in 45.7%, followed by type II in 29% of cases. For the second molar, Vertucci type I was found in 60.5% of cases in mesiobuccal canals. Palatal and distobuccal canals mostly presented Vertucci type I configuration. The mesial roots of mandibular molars had the highest frequency of two canals with Vertucci type IV as the most frequent for the first molar, and Vertucci type II for the second molar. Distal roots most commonly had one canal in both molars. Palatal canal length was the highest in maxillary first molars, with the mean value of 20.62 mm, while in second molars, the highest length value was for the mesiobuccal canal (20.09 mm). In both mandibular molars the mesial root canal was the longest one. Differences were found according to sex and tooth location in the jaw. Conclusion. Mesiobuccal roots of maxillary first molars had two canals; it was more frequently compared to second molars. Mesial roots of mandibular molars showed same frequency of two canals, and diversity in Vertucci types. Male patients tended to have higher complexity of root canal morphology compared to that of females. CBCT can improve understanding of the root canal morphology.
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HÜLSMANN, MICHAEL, STEFFI DREBENSTEDT i CHRISTIAN HOLSCHER. "Shaping and filling root canals during root canal re-treatment". Endodontic Topics 19, nr 1 (wrzesień 2008): 74–124. http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/j.1601-1546.2011.00264.x.
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Hajihassani, Neda, Neda Roohi, Karim Madadi, Mahin Bakhshi i Maryam Tofangchiha. "Evaluation of Root Canal Morphology of Mandibular First and Second Premolars Using Cone Beam Computed Tomography in a Defined Group of Dental Patients in Iran". Scientifica 2017 (2017): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2017/1504341.
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Background. Successful dental root canal treatments require a complete knowledge of dental anatomy and root canal morphology. Materials and Methods. One hundred and forty-five cone beam computed tomography (CBCT) images were used to assess the anatomy and morphology of mandibular premolars based on Vertucci’s classifications in a defined group of dental patients in Iran. The number of roots and root canals, root canal morphology, root and canal shape (curvature), existence of C-shaped canal, and influence of sex on each of these were evaluated. A chi-squared test was used for statistical analysis. Results. The mandibular first and second premolars had a single root in 95.97% and 100% cases, respectively. In the mandibular first premolars, 62.2% were of type I, 0.8% type II, 10.9% type III, 0.8% type IV, 20.3% type V, 4.2% type VI, and 0.8% type VII; in the second premolars, 78% of canals were of type I, 3% type II, 11% type III, 7% type V, and 1% type VI. C-shaped canals did not exist in either of the premolars. The most prevalent root and canal shape was straight. The most prevalent root curvature was a distal curvature in both premolars (71.4% and 74% of first and second premolars, resp.). The most prevalent canal curvature was lingual and buccal for the first premolars (7.6% each) and distal for the second premolars (11%). No significant difference was found between men and women in nearly all of the above (P>0.05). Conclusion. The results suggest that there is a need to conduct further evaluations on finding root and canal variations among more populations to gain better knowledge prior to root canal treatment.
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Acharya, N., A. Singh, PS Samant i V. Gautam. "Endodontic Management of Radix Paramolaris with Six Canals: A Clinical Case Report". Kathmandu University Medical Journal 11, nr 4 (23.09.2015): 338–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/kumj.v11i4.13480.
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Endodontic therapy of mandibular molars is a challenging task due to its varied root canal morphology. A mandibular first molar with additional buccal root (Radix paramolaris) and additional distolingual root (Radix Entomolaris) is an example of its varied anatomy. A successful management of atypical root canal configurations is an important aspect in determining the success rate of root canal therapy. The detail knowledge of the root morphology and canal anatomy allows the clinician for accurate location of the extra roots and canals and accordingly the refinement of the access cavity for the stress free entry of complex anatomy. Hence, for a successful root canal therapy, clinician must be aware of the external and internal anatomic variations .The aim of this clinical case report is to present and describe the unusual presence of two separate mesial roots and six root canals in mandibular first molar, detected during routine endodontic therapy.Kathmandu Univ Med J 2013; 11(4): 338-341
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Faria, Gisele, Paulo Nelson-Filho, Aldevina Campos de Freitas, Sada Assed i Izabel Yoko Ito. "Antibacterial effect of root canal preparation and calcium hydroxide paste (Calen) intracanal dressing in primary teeth with apical periodontitis". Journal of Applied Oral Science 13, nr 4 (grudzień 2005): 351–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1678-77572005000400007.
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The aim of this study was to evaluate the antibacterial action of root canal mechanical preparation using 2.5% sodium hypochlorite as the irrigating solution and a calcium hydroxide paste as the antibacterial intracanal dressing in human primary teeth root canals with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis by means of microbial culture. A total of 26 root canals of human primary teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis were used. Samples were collected before, 72h after biomechanical treatment and 72h after removal of the intracanal dressing. Comparison by Wilcoxon test showed that root canal mechanical preparation effectively eliminated all microorganisms in 20% of the root canals, and the intracanal dressing in 62.5%; however, the cumulative action of biomechanical treatment and intracanal dressing eliminated the microorganisms of 70% of the root canals (p<0.001). Isolated root canal mechanical preparation presented poorer microbiological results that those obtained with root canal mechanical preparation and the use of an intracanal dressing indicating the necessity of topical application of an intracanal medication between sessions in primary teeth with pulp necrosis and apical periodontitis.
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Molyvdas, Ioannis, Anna Digka i Georgios Mikrogeorgis. "Root Canal Treatment of Mandibular Second Premolars with Three Root Canals-Report of Four Rare Cases". Balkan Journal of Dental Medicine 24, nr 1 (1.03.2020): 49–52. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/bjdm-2020-0008.
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SummaryBackground/Aim: The aim of root canal treatment is the thorough cleaning, shaping and obturation of the root canals. Variations in root canal anatomy increase the difficulty of the root canal treatment and therefore the possibility of failure. The mandibular premolars often present complex anatomy and the existence of mandibular second premolars with three root canals is very scarce. This report presents the successful endodontic management of four mandibular second premolars with three root canals.Cases Report: In all cases working length was estimated using the working length radiograph and an apex locator. Canal orifices were enlarged with Gates-Glidden drills and manual instrumentation performed with Stainless Steel reamers and Hedstroem files, using either step-back or crown-down technique. Sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) 2.5% was used as an irrigant. Root canal obturation were then performed using the cold lateral condensation technique with gutta-percha points and Roth’s 801 canal sealer. The cases were scheduled for clinical and radiographic follow-up examination. Clinically in all follow-up examinations the teeth were asymptomatic. For the three cases with periapical lesions, post treatment radiographs, demonstrated periapical healing. Additionally, in the case without periapical lesion, the 9 months recall radiograph revealed healthy periapical conditions.Conclusions: Mandibular premolars should never be underestimated and the clinician should always be alerted for anatomic variations.
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Abbasi, Hira, Abhishek Lal, Rizwan Jouhar i Muhammad Saqib. "Obturation of A Mandibular 2nd Molar with the Help of Ultrasonic Irrigation to Clean the Lateral Canal". Journal of Bahria University Medical and Dental College 11, nr 02 (5.04.2021): 93–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.51985/zlcd4512.
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Apex of root is of great interest for endodontists mainly because of different stages involved in its development and the surrounding tissues. Mandibular molars normally consists of 2 roots, one mesial and one distal. About common occurrence, 2 canals are found in mesial root and 1 canal in the distal root. The patient was diagnosed with symptomatic irreversible pulpitis. After cleaning and shaping, the next step is obturation. Lateral canals are complex findings in the apical third of root which is characterized as a lateral canal deviating from the main canal. Normally, this lateral canal is not part of the standard root canal procedure due to the complexities, but sometimes obturation might be possible, which might affect the long-term prognosis of the tooth. Advanced skills are required to attempt and complete obturation of the lateral canal which might be a difficult task for the general practitioners.
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Sudha Mattigatti. "Cone Beam Computed Tomography (Cbct) and Endodontic Microscopic Assessment of C-Shaped Canal Systems in Mandibular Second Molars". International Journal of Research in Pharmaceutical Sciences 11, nr 3 (23.07.2020): 3999–4005. http://dx.doi.org/10.26452/ijrps.v11i3.2595.
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By knowing the anatomy of the tooth including root canal, dentists also have gathered physiologically anomalous requirements for effective root canal treatment. An exceptional morphology is present in the root canal system known as the C-shaped root network. A substantial volume of evidence already has come out on C-shaped root canal systems. The analysis provides an extensive description of root through root canals in the form of C. Characteristics of this exceptional morphology were studied mainly focused on macroscopic, microscopic and functional measurements including odontogenetic tooth shape analyses. To trying to clarify the clinical nature of C-shaped root canals, we sought to isolate them both. In addition to summarizing existing experiences, another of the objectives of this investigation was to find evidence that supports our interpretation of the C shaped root canal network. In fact, new advances in 3D mapping techniques help clarify the reliable etiology of the physiology of the Cshaped root canal network. Studies of extreme scenarios such as C-shaped root anatomy or morphology with rectangle and squared channels will also help us gain the wide range with root morphologies found in man’s teeth which eventually result in better care outcomes for patients and dentists and their satisfaction.
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Said, Fadi, i Moti Moskovitz. "Effect of Calcium Hydroxide as a Root Canal Dressing Material on Dentin Fracture Strength In Primary Teeth–In Vitro Study". Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry 42, nr 2 (1.01.2018): 146–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.17796/1053-4628-42.2.11.
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Objectives: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of calcium hydroxide as a root canal dressing material on dentin microtensile fracture strength in human primary teeth in vitro. Study design: Thirty primary anterior teeth with root canals packed with calcium hydroxide were divided into groups of ten and immersed in saline at room temperature for 7, 30 and 90 days. Ten teeth with root canals filled with sterile saline were the control group. Microtensile fracture strength was measured in Mechanical tester Lloyd testing machine. Results: There was a significant difference (P < 0.05) between the fracture strength of the calcium hydroxide-filled teeth after 90 days (19.1 MPa) compared with the control (35.8 MPa). Dentin microtensile fracture strength of the calcium hydroxide-filled teeth decreased at an average of 0.142 MPa per day. Conclusion: Calcium hydroxide placed in root canals for an extended time had a significantly negative effect on root strength. Long-term success of root canal treatment in primary anterior teeth is estimated as 65% with most of the failures result from trauma recurrence. Clinical Relevance: Our results stress the need to evaluate the pros and cons of root canal treatment compared to extractions of non-vital primary incisors.