Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Roofing in modesto”

In this paper, a typology of a building erected in Ancient Greece and Ancient Rome is described: the Odeon. The Odeon is a covered building, but more modest in size than traditional open-air theatres without roofs. The Odeon could hold a few hundred spectators and therefore a smaller audience. The roof covering allowed the possibility of meetings even in adverse weather conditions. The etymology of the word of the Odeon (covered theatre) means the place of the ode, or of the songs. In this paper are discussed the architectonic and acoustic characteristics of the Odea of Pompeii and Posillipo. With commercial software (Odeon, Room Acoustics Software, Lyngby Denmark) we assess the acoustic characteristics of the Odea of Pompeii and Posillipo in the presence of an original roofing system and show that these buildings were well suited for music, songs and speech.

The roof plays a pivotal role as it directly engages with solar radiation absorption and external heat exchange, significantly influencing the building’s overall energy dynamics. To assess the performance of green roofs and cool roofs, a roof performance test facility was established in Nanjing. Time-difference comparison experiments were conducted to measure and analyze the energy-saving effects of cool roofs, green roofs, and conventional roofs during both summer and winter conditions. The study aimed to investigate how their thermal performance impacts building energy consumption. The study’s findings reveal that under summer conditions, the incorporation of a cool roof system leads to a substantial enhancement in energy efficiency, achieving an impressive 13.2% energy savings compared to conventional roofing solutions. In contrast, the implementation of a green roof system results in a more modest energy-saving rate of 4.1%. Transitioning to winter conditions, the adoption of a cool roof system shows a marginal increase of 2.8% in energy consumption compared to conventional roofs. Interestingly, the green roof system stands out as an energy-efficient option during winter, demonstrating a significant 4.9% reduction in energy consumption. This approach ensured reliable and valid results to provide a comprehensive view of how different roof types respond to varying climatic conditions.

The chapter discusses the simulation of thermal operating conditions and the optimization of the design of solar photovoltaic thermal modules. As a realization of the developed method, two photovoltaic thermal modules with one-sided solar cells with one-sided heat removal and two-sided solar cells with two-sided heat removal are presented. The components of the developed models of solar modules must be optimized on the basis of the required indicators of the thermal mode of operation of the modules. For this task, a method has been developed for visualizing thermal processes using the Ansys system of finite element analysis, which has been used to research thermal modes of operation and to optimize the design of the modules created. With the help of the developed method, the temperature fields of the module components, coolant velocity and its flow lines in the developed models of a planar photovoltaic thermal roofing panel and a concentrator photovoltaic thermal two-sided module are visualized.

The evidence collected in the previous chapters has shown that the appearance and prominence of central Italic religious architecture changed significantly between the ninth and fifth centuries BC. Technological changes led to the use of more permanent materials and roofing systems, while the incorporation of podia and the increasingly specialized use of architectural terracottas saw a distinctive visual aesthetic develop for temples that differentiated them from other buildings. They also became a focus for investment, dominating their settlements, and were often constructed at sites that were highly accessible rather than defensible. These developments occurred at different times in Latium and Etruria but resulted in a largely standardized set of architectural, decorative, and topographic features for central Italic temples that can also be recognized in many cult buildings constructed in subsequent centuries. This book has so far paid more attention to the form and arrangement of monumental religious architecture than to its function. In part this is due to the inherently problematic nature of identifying precise building functions in early Italy, using archaeological evidence with a tendency for ambiguity and a general absence of contemporary, relevant literary information. It is clear, however, that not all of the functions of later Roman temples, as described by literary sources, can simply be retrospectively assigned to their Latial and Etruscan predecessors. Few Archaic cult buildings functioned as conspicuous landmarks on the highest point in their settlements, and many may not have necessarily sheltered cult statues that received sacrifices at external altars. Evidence of votive depositions that pre-date and post-date the presence of cult buildings at sites such as Pyrgi, Veii, Orvieto, and Gravisca furthermore makes it clear that architecture was not integral to ritual practice. But if temples did not meet essential religious needs, then what purpose was served by their construction? And, more importantly, why did sixth-century communities decide to invest great resources in building monumental temples rather than maintaining relatively modest shrines? This chapter will explore old and new answers to these questions.

Neste trabalho, devido a crescente demanda por recursos computacionais e limitações energéticas, é proposta uma metodologia de avaliação de desempenho com base em parâmetros teóricos e práticos do modelo Roofline e usando o gráfico bidimensional que faz parte de ferramentas que implementam este modelo. Essa metodologia permite identificar padrões de desempenho nas aplicações, seus principais requisitos computacionais, fatores que limitam o desempenho e sugerir a melhor arquitetura para executar uma aplicação. Foram desenvolvidos experimentos, com foco na avaliação de algoritmos de Aprendizado de Máquina, onde a metodologia proposta é avaliada se mostrando efetiva.