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1
Polilova, Vera. "Spanish Romancero in Russian and the semantization of verse form". Studia Metrica et Poetica 5, nr 2 (28.01.2019): 77–108. http://dx.doi.org/10.12697/smp.2018.5.2.04.
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In this paper, I analyze Russian translations and close imitations of Spanish Romancero poetry composed between 1789 and the 1930s, as well as Russian original poems of the same period marked by “Spanish” motifs. I discuss the Spanish romance as an international European genre, and show how this verse form’s distinctive features were transferred into Russian poetry and how the Russian version – or, rather, several Russian versions – of this form came into being. I pay special attention to the genesis of the stanza composed of a regular sequence of feminine (F) and masculine (m) clausulae FFFm. In Johann Gottfried Herder’s Der Cid, this clausula pattern was combined with unrhymed trochaic tetrameters, but, in early twentieth-century Russia, it emancipated from this metrical form, having retained the semantic leitmotifs of the Spanish romance, as well as its “Spanish” theme. I contextualize other translation equivalents of romance verse and compare them to the original Spanish verse form. I show (1) which forms poets used in translating romance verse and how those forms correlate (formally and functionally) with the original meter. Further, I discuss (2) when and how the trochaic tetrameters rhyming on even lines (XRXR) – originally used in translations of Spanish romances in German and English poetry – became the equivalent of romance verse in the Russian tradition. Finally, I demonstrate (3) how, in Konstantin Balmont’s translations of Spanish poetry, the FFFm clausula pattern lost its connection with trochee. After Balmont, other poets of the Silver Age of Russian literature started using it in original non-trochaic compositions to express “Spanish” semantics.
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Polilova, V. S. "Two Moorish Romances Translated by R. T. Gonorsky". Russkaya literatura 1 (2020): 75–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.31860/0131-6095-2020-1-75-79.
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The article argues that R. T. Gonorsky made his translations of two Spanish Moorish romances (1816) from the Spanish originals reproduced in the fi fth volume of I. I. Eschenburg’s anthology Beispielsammlung zur Theorie und Literatur der schönen Wissenschaften (1788-94). This fact confirms K. S. Korkonosenko’s hypothesis that Gonorsky’s translations were the earliest translations of Spanish poetry into Russian made directly from the originals. It is important that, in his anthology, Eschenburg used the texts found in the book of ballads and popular songs The Reliques of Ancient English (1765) edited by Bishop Thomas Percy. Following Percy’s edition, the Spanish romance «Río verde, río verde...» was published (e. g. in Eschenburg’s anthology, 1790) and translated (e. g. in J. G. Herder’s Volkslieder, 1778) without the six lines that Percy considered superfluous. Gonorsky also used this abbreviated version of the romance.
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Kanesaka, Kirk, i Gladys Mac. "Labour of love: Chinese-to-English fan translations of BL web novels". East Asian Journal of Popular Culture 9, nr 2 (1.09.2023): 243–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/eapc_00110_1.
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The genre of boys’ love (BL) has enjoyed huge popularity since its Japanese beginnings in the 1960s, and it has taken root in popular cultures in many countries. BL arrived in China via fan translations of Japanese manga into Chinese. With the rise of online fiction platforms in China, local writers produced widely popular male–male romances that gained traction locally and abroad. The outflow of Chinese BL mirrors fan activities that led to the popularity of Japanese manga and anime in the United States. Fan translations of Chinese-to-English BL fiction are one of the most important links in introducing Chinese BL to the rest of the world. This article focuses on the cultural outflow of Chinese BL through fan translations in gloBLizing the genre. Through interviews with five teams and one individual fan translator, this article examines their roles played in the dissemination of BL web novels beyond the native Chinese-speaking world. These fan translators all resided in anglophone countries, and are diverse in their cultural and linguistic backgrounds, ages and BL interests. We interviewed fan translators that translated works from fantasy, alternative history and contemporary romance. Some of these works have been adapted into multimedia and some have not.
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Álvarez-Recio, Leticia. "Spanish chivalric romances in English translation". Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 91, nr 1 (20.08.2016): 5–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0184767816662926.
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Skjelde, Kimberly. "Exploring L2 English Proficiency and Translation of Academic English Vocabulary". Nordic Journal of Language Teaching and Learning 11, nr 2 (29.06.2023): 140–64. http://dx.doi.org/10.46364/njltl.v11i2.1057.
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Knowledge of academic English vocabulary is essential for upper secondary L2 English learners preparing for university studies, yet previous research suggests students in Scandinavian settings may need support to acquire this lexis (Edgarsson, 2017; Henriksen & Danelund, 2015). The abundance of Graeco-Latin cognates between European languages and academic English has been shown to lessen the learning burden of academic English vocabulary for speakers of Romance languages (Cobb, 2000; Petrescu et al., 2017). However, less research has been conducted for speakers of Scandinavian languages who also have appropriate translations of Germanic origin for this vocabulary. Interestingly, previous studies have indicated that proficient Norwegian-speaking students taking tertiary studies made extensive use of Graeco-Latin cognates when translating academic English vocabulary, but research has yet to expand this investigation to upper secondary students and across proficiency levels. Therefore, the current study investigated if Norwegian-speaking students (N= 132) in their first year of upper secondary education produced Graeco-Latin cognates when translating academic English. Findings showed extensive use of L1 Latinate cognate forms to translate the English target words. However, less proficient learners had significantly fewer cognate translations and significantly more untranslated target words than more proficient learners. Findings suggest that in-class instruction raising awareness of Graeco-Latin cognates in academic English may be worthwhile, especially for less-proficient learners.
Keywords: Academic vocabulary, cognates, translation, English language learners, vocabulary knowledge, proficiency, educations
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Zhu, Zhuolu, Shiyi Yu i Juan Wang. "Study on Overseas Readers' Evaluation and Dissemination Effect of the English Translation of Romance of the Three Kingdoms". IRA International Journal of Education and Multidisciplinary Studies 20, nr 2 (6.06.2024): 117. http://dx.doi.org/10.21013/jems.v20.n2.p3.
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In evaluating the translation quality and translation value of literary works, one of the most important assessment links is to focus on the degree of acceptance of translations by readers. Through the study of overseas readers' evaluations and dissemination effects of English translations, we can comprehensively and accurately assess the impact of different translations on readers, provide more scientific guidance and decision-making basis for the translations of classical literature, and promote the dissemination of Chinese literature overseas, thereby contributing to the enhancement of China's cultural soft power. It can provide more scientific guidance and decision-making basis for the translation of classical literature, promote the overseas dissemination of Chinese literature, and boost the enhancement of the soft power of Chinese culture. This study collects readers' evaluations of <em>Martin Palmer</em>'s English translation of<em> Romance of the Three Kingdoms</em>, which is ranked first in the review data on <em>Amazon </em>and the official website of <em>Goodreads</em>, through the <em>Octopus data collector</em>, and conducts text data mining on it, utilizing the <em>KHCoder</em> text analyzing tool and adopting a combination of qualitative and quantitative methods, to analyze the readers' reviews of the high-frequency words and semantic mapping were analyzed. It was found that the factors affecting overseas readers' evaluation of the English translation of <em>Romance of the Three Kingdoms</em> include: the length of the full translation, the confusion and difficulty in memorization and phonetic comprehension of Chinese character names due to the names and words in the English translation, and the completeness of the translation in retaining the essence of the original work. Therefore, the subsequent translation of <em>Romance of the Three Kingdoms</em> not only needs to grasp the two perspectives of linguistic accuracy and cultural adaptation, but also should take more account of the preferences and needs of overseas readers, and optimize and adjust these aspects in a targeted manner.
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Mohammadpour, Fahime, Mohammadtaghi Shahnazari-Dorcheh i Mahmoud Afrouz. "Looking through the lens of Bourdieu: A corpus-based Study of English Romance Fiction Translation". Hikma 19, nr 2 (22.12.2020): 327–55. http://dx.doi.org/10.21071/hikma.v19i2.12871.
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Habitus is one of the key concepts of the Bourdieusian sociology which Translation Studies has benefited. Based on the Bourdieusian sociological model, this study investigated the translatorial habitus of the Iranian translators of English romance novels as far as the translation strategies of culture-specific items (CSIs) are concerned before and after the Cultural Revolution of 1980 in Iran. The research data include 4282 sentences containing CSIs extracted from Rebecca, Sense and Sensibility, and The Great Gatsby, and their two Persian translations. The extracted data were analyzed, adopting a consolidated typology of translation procedures for CSIs. The strategies employed for translating CSIs are presented with frequencies and percentages using descriptive statistics. Moreover, the results were corroborated with a qualitative analysis of some archived interviews printed in Motarjem [the translator] journal. The investigation revealed three essential findings: a marked source-oriented tendency among Iranian translators of the English romance novels when translating CSIs in the Pre-Cultural Revolution era, maintaining the same tendency in the Post-Cultural Revolution era, and finally a growing tendency in moving from Pre- to Post-Cultural Revolution era. The results of the Chi-square test highlighted a significant difference between various strategies used in two eras.
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Schabert, Ina. "Translation Trouble: Gender Indeterminacy in English Novels and their French Versions". Translation and Literature 19, nr 1 (marzec 2010): 72–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.3366/e0968136109000776.
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In English literature, characters of indeterminate sex created by novelists range from the ambi-gendered narrators in Victorian novels to the protagonists of Virginia Woolf's Orlando, Brigid Brophy's In Transit, Angela Carter's The Passion of New Eve, and Jeanette Winterson's Written on the Body. A unique experiment in French is Anne Garréta's Sphinx. Translating such texts from one language into the other is a challenge; different strategies of ‘degendering’ have to be used in Germanic and Romance languages respectively. This essay discusses examples of translations which successfully preserve gender indeterminacy, but also translations which ignore authorial intentions and reintroduce gender markings. Typical strategies are observed as well as imaginative solutions for special situations.
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Sánchez-de-Nieva, María J. "A bibliographical description of the British Library copy of The Honour of Chivalrie (1598)". Sederi, nr 24 (2014): 171–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.34136/sederi.2014.9.
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This paper presents a detailed bibliographical description of the copy held at the British Library of the first edition of The Honour of Chivalrie (London, 1598; STC 1804). The aim of this paper is to provide useful bibliographical information for researchers interested in the first English translation of the Spanish romance Don Belianís de Grecia (Burgos, 1547; IB 8699). A concise description of the translations and editions of this romance is included.
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Hall, Alaric, Steven D. P. Richardson i Haukur (Haukur Þorgeirsson) Thorgeirsson. "Sigrgarðs saga frækna: A normalised text, translation, and introduction". Scandinavian-Canadian Studies 21 (1.12.2013): 80–155. http://dx.doi.org/10.29173/scancan86.
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ABSTRACT: This article provides the first complete translation into English of the fifteenth-century Icelandic romance Sigrgarðs saga frækna [the saga of Sigrgarðr the Valiant], along with a normalised edition of the earliest manuscripts based on that of Agnete Loth. The introduction shows that the saga artfully combines material from both the learned tradition of romances and exempla, and from traditional wonder-tales, showing an unusual warmth towards low-status genres and characters. It argues that the setting of the story articulates Icelandic identity by associating it with the otherworldly setting of the heroes’ climactic quest, and studies the constructions of gender implicit in the saga. While clearly heteronormative and potentially patriarchal in its ideological commitments, the saga probes and arguably destabilises the patriarchal culture of late medieval Iceland.
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Păștinaru, Ioana-Carmen. "Culture-Bound Web-Based Institutional Academic Texts. The Case of Some Romance Language University Websites in English". Linguaculture 10, nr 1 (10.06.2019): 113–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/lincu-2019-1-0139.
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The internationalisation process of European higher education over the past years largely encouraged the translation into English of many university websites. However, the (deliberate or nondeliberate) presence of culture-bound terms on the English version of university websites represents an issue of debate, considering the worldwide provenance of visitors accessing the websites and the purpose of these texts. The main goal of this article is to analyse the appropriateness of translation strategies used for the culture-bound terms on university websites. The practical part of this research uses Aixelá’s classification of translation strategies for the analysis of the culture-bound terms identified on some Romance language university webpages translated into English, allowing a series of suggestions and recommendations in each case. The study results have demonstrated that the strategy of conservation through repetition is used most often. Last but not least, this paper intends to raise awareness as to the translator’s role and the impact of the quality of translations of university webpages into English as a lingua franca.
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Bergh, Gunnar, i Sölve Ohlander. "Loan translations versus direct loans: The impact of English on European football lexis". Nordic Journal of Linguistics 40, nr 1 (20.04.2017): 5–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0332586517000014.
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Football language may be regarded as the world's most widespread special language, where English has played a key role. The focus of the present study is the influence of English football vocabulary in the form of loan translations, contrasted with direct loans, as manifested in 16 European languages from different language families (Germanic, Romance, Slavic, etc.). Drawing on a set of 25 English football words (match, corner, dribble, offside, etc.), the investigation shows that there is a great deal of variation between the languages studied. For example, Icelandic shows the largest number of loan translations, while direct loans are most numerous in Norwegian; overall, combining direct loans and loan translations, Finnish displays the lowest number of English loans. The tendencies noted are discussed, offering some tentative explanations of the results, where both linguistic and sociolinguistic factors, such as language similarity and attitudes to borrowing, are considered.
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Linn, Stella. "Translation and the Authorial Image: the Case of Federico García Lorca’s Romancero gitano". TTR : traduction, terminologie, rédaction 16, nr 1 (27.07.2004): 55–91. http://dx.doi.org/10.7202/008557ar.
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Abstract Despite Barthes’s claim that the author is dead, leaving the scene for his work, freed from its all too personal origin, I would like to argue that the author image is far from absent in the practice of literary translation. On the one hand, the author’s image within a particular literary and social system may determine which work is translated, and even how it is translated. On the other hand, it seems likely that some characteristics of a persona will be highlighted more than others, depending on which source texts are selected for translation and on how the author and his or her works are presented in prefaces and commentaries accompanying the translations. Moreover, the translation strategy may enhance the prevailing tendencies within reception and thus contribute to a certain perception of the author in the target culture. In this paper I will investigate these hypothetical connections, taking as an example the Spanish author Federico García Lorca and a number of translations of his Romancero gitano (1928) into French, English, and Dutch. I will examine a possible correlation between the prevailing “folkloristic” image of Lorca in the early literary criticism, and the emphasis on romantic, naïve and mythological aspects in translations of his work, and conversely, the later, more complex and gloomy image presented of the author, and translation strategies which highlight elements that correspond to that view.
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An, Ruiyi, i Chengcheng Zhang. "Exploring the Chinese-Western Culture Conflict in the Translation of Culturally Loaded Words in the English Translation of Romance of the Western Bower". Communications in Humanities Research 25, nr 1 (3.01.2024): 179–86. http://dx.doi.org/10.54254/2753-7064/25/20231936.
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Romance of the Western Bower, which is regarded as an outstanding representative work of Chinese opera classics, contains rich, culturally loaded vocabulary. Cultural backgrounds and lifestyles of specific ethnic groups naturally incorporate their respective cultural characteristics when translators from different cultural backgrounds make literary translations. For this reason, this paper chooses the English translations of Xu Yuanchong, Hsiung Shih-I and Henry H. Hart as the objects of study and analyzes in-depth their strategies in dealing with culturally loaded words. Through the three dimensions of social culture, religious culture, and linguistic culture, it aims to explore the Chinese and Western cultural exchanges and conflicts in the translation process. Finally, it is concluded that when dealing with Chinese cultural load words, Chinese translators are able to convey the inner meaning of the load words more clearly than foreign translators, while foreign translators are able to convey the meaning of the original text more concisely by using more varied words in English. Although the translation strategies of the three translators are different, all of them have successfully realized the fusion of Chinese and Western cultures. This excellent work, which is rich in cultural heritage, can be promoted and recognized globally.
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Fulmer, Alice. "The t4t Gift Economy and Its Romance within the Middle English Lai Sir Launfal". Comitatus: A Journal of Medieval and Renaissance Studies 54, nr 1 (2023): 51–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/cjm.2023.a912671.
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Abstract: Contemporary discourse around t4t (trans for trans) relationships involves speculation about bodies in transition. What do such relationships signify toward the bodies of compulsory heterosexuality, not just today, but in the historical record? In the case of the Middle English lai tradition, a t4t framework assists a postmodern audience in uncovering instances not only of gendered affects relative to the fourteenth and fifteenth centuries but also of the affect economies that facilitate (or negate) gender affirmations. Romances such as Thomas Chestre’s Sir Launfal (a translation of a twelfth-century lai of Marie de France) exhibit romantic, platonic, and (the potentiality of) sexual relationships from which a semblance of t4t dynamics is constructively reassembled. Looking at some of the poem’s central characters and their relationships’ dynamics, both from Sir Launfal and from the larger “Lanval” tradition, provides a means from which t4t can be understood as a framework—one that measures not only affect between transgender individuals but also social systems like gift economies within the text that bear resemblance to contemporary mutual aid networks in transgender communities today. Instances of camp and parody within the romance genre historically are also observed in this paper. The gift economies in Sir Launfal and their gender affirmations propel the narrative’s resolution to demonstrate how they scaffold the genre of romance within the Middle English lai. This is an inquiry into exploring what focusing a distinctly trans lens can do when looking.
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Pan, Lu, i Dan Yi. "From “yanyi” to “romance”: early English translations ofSanguozhi Yanyiand translators’ identity crisis". Asia Pacific Translation and Intercultural Studies 4, nr 1 (2.01.2017): 82–93. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/23306343.2016.1278142.
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Drăgan, Ruxandra. "Trailing Harry Potter into Romanian". Linguaculture 12, nr 1 (15.06.2021): 163–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/lincu-2021-1-0194.
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Characteristic of English and other Germanic languages, Goal of Motion constructions represent a challenge for any translator rendering them into a Romance language. This is because to express the motion of an entity to/towards a Goal in a particular manner, English typically combines a manner-of-motion verb or a verb of sound emission with a dynamic preposition like into in He ran into the park. However, the combination is not generally available in Romanian and other Romance languages, since they not only lack dynamic prepositions, but also have far fewer manner-of-motion verbs. Consequently, to render Goal of Motion into Romanian with as little loss as possible, a translator will have to resort to various translation techniques to compensate not only for the lack of dynamic prepositions in this language, but also for its far poorer class of manner-of-motion verbs. This paper proposes several strategies for the translation of Goal of Motion constructions into Romanian and shows that they depend on the lexical and syntactic resources available in this language. An analysis of the techniques employed in a selected sample from two Romanian translations of the Harry Potter series indicates that the translators' strategies generally mirror Talmy's (1985, 2000) typological classification of Germanic and Romance languages into satellite-framed and verb-framed languages, respectively.
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Joseph M. Sullivan. "Select Bibliography for Middle High German Arthurian Romance of English-Language Translations and Recent Scholarship in English". Arthuriana 20, nr 3 (2010): 110–18. http://dx.doi.org/10.1353/art.2010.0001.
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Khorob, Stepan. "VASYL STEFANYK’S WRITINGS IN A FOREIGN INTERPRETATION". PRECARPATHIAN BULLETIN OF THE SHEVCHENKO SCIENTIFIC SOCIETY Word, nr 16(63) (26.08.2022): 292–303. http://dx.doi.org/10.31471/2304-7402-2022-16(63)-292-303.
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The aim of this study is to reveal the peculiarities of functioning of translations of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas in other languages: both in the Slavic and in the Romance-Germanic world, elucidate a translatological toolkit in old and contemporary interpretations. The research methods lie in employing a philological method and linguistic principles, as well as the principles of reader-response criticism through the prism of comparative approaches and comparative-historical principles of analysing the foreign language material, created by translators on the basis of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas. The results of researching into the posed problem led to the discovery of quite different methodological strategies of the foreign interpretation of different periods of translations of Vasyl Stefanyk’s works, the delineation of the whole complex of issues connected with a fictional being of Vasyl Stefanyk’s translated novellas, for example, in Polish, Bulgarian, Czech, Russian or English, German, French, Spanish languages. It is proved that foreign translators, first of all, used Stefanyk’s word as a fictional unit and succeeded the cases where the translation of Stefanyk’s text was done not literally, but, first and foremost, adequately for the writer’s ideological-aesthetical conceivement. Having implemented Russian and English translations of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas for analyzing the posed problem, there are made the conclusions as to creative successes and failures of numerous translators of Vasyl Stefanyk’s novellas into these languages. The scientific novelty of the article lies in the fact that it actualizes an important problem of being of the Ukrainian author’s prose in other languages in different cultural-historical environments, in the lingual space of these or those literatures.
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De Swart, Henriette, Cristina Grisot, Bert Le Bruyn i Teresa M. Xiques. "Perfect variations in Romance". Isogloss. Open Journal of Romance Linguistics 8, nr 5 (14.11.2022): 1–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.5565/rev/isogloss.213.
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The morpho-syntactic configuration auxiliary (have or be) + past participle known as the have-perfect functions as a tense-aspect category in many Western European languages. Synchronic variation within Romance nicely illustrates the developmental pattern described as the aoristic drift, whereby the perfect develops over time into a perfective past with full-fledged past meanings. A parallel corpus study of L’Étranger by Albert Camus (1942) and its translations using the Translation Mining methodology provides empirical data supporting the view that modern French, Romanian and Italian make a more liberal use of the perfect, whereas the perfect distribution in Spanish is closer to (but not identical to) English. Catalan occupies an intermediate position and Portuguese has the most restricted perfect among the Romance languages. We argue that this variation is best captured by a perfect scale, without a clear cut-off point between perfect and perfective past meaning. The meaning ingredients that govern the distribution of the have-perfect across Romance languages emerge from the parallel corpus. They include lexical, compositional and discourse semantics, and range from sensitivity to aspectual class, pluractionality, hodiernal and pre-hodiernal past time reference to narration.
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Cormier, Raymond J. "The Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte- Maure: A Translation. Translated by Glyn S. Burgess, Douglas Kelly. Woodbridge, UK, and Rochester, NY: D. S. Brewer, 2017. Gallica, 41. 486 pp." Mediaevistik 32, nr 1 (1.01.2020): 394–96. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2019.01.81.
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In his Roman de Brut (1155), the Norman Robert Wace of Caen recounts the founding of Britain by Brutus of Troy to the end of legendary British history, while adapting freely the History of the Kings of Britain (1136) by Geoffrey of Monmouth. Wace’s Brut inaugurated a new genre, at least in part, commonly known as the “romances of antiquity” (romans d'antiquité). The Roman de Troie by Benoît de Sainte-Maure, dating to around 1165, is, along with the Roman de Thèbes and the Roman d’Énéas, one of the three such romances dealing with themes from antiquity. These creations initiated the subjects, plots and structures of the genre, which subsequently flowered under authors such as Chrétien de Troyes. As an account of the Trojan War, Benoît’s version of necessity deals with war and its causes, how it was fought and what its ultimate consequences were for the combatants. How to explain its success? The author chose the standard and successful poetic form of the era—octosyllabic rhyming couplets; he was fond of extended descriptions; he could easily recount the intensity of personal struggles; and, above all he was fascinated by the trials and tribulations of love, a passion that affects several prominent warriors (among them Paris and his love for Helen, and Troilus and his affection for Briseida). All these elements combined to contour this romance in which events from the High Middle Ages were presented as a likeness of the poet’s own feudal and courtly spheres. This long-awaited new translation, the first into English, is accompanied by an extensive introduction and six-page outline of the work; two appendices (on common words, and a list of known Troie manuscripts); nearly twenty pages of bibliography; plus exhaustive indices of personal and geographical names and notes. As the two senior scholars assert (p. 3), By translating Benoît’s entire poem we seek to contribute to a greater appreciation of its composition and subject-matter, and thus to make available to a modern audience what medieval readers and audiences knew and appreciated.
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NEWMAN, A. "SUBLIME TRANSLATION IN THE NOVELS OF JAMES FENIMORE COOPER AND WALTER SCOTT". Nineteenth-Century Literature 59, nr 1 (1.06.2004): 1–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.1525/ncl.2004.59.1.1.
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In the first four volumes of his Leatherstocking Tales (1823-1840), James Fenimore Cooper employs an arcane motif in which scenes of communication between Anglo-Americans and native Americans are set in sublime locations and, typically, interrupted by animals. Cooper has borrowed this motif of ““sublime translation”” from Walter Scott; the paradigm is the ““Highland Minstrelsy”” chapter of Waverley (1814). ““Sublime translation”” is crucial to the thematics of both sets of romances. In the works of Scott, Cooper finds a use of the sublime that is particularly suitable to his aesthetic agenda of differentiating his usage of English from that of the mother country. The motif figuratively naturalizes American English and links it to the indigenous languages, and it also transfers the quality of sublimity from the dying native tongues to the new American one. Thus the ultimate elevation of Reason over Nature that characterizes the Kantian sublime (Scott was strongly influenced by German Romanticism) takes on a new meaning in colonial and postcolonial contexts.
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Girju, Roxana. "The Syntax and Semantics of Prepositions in the Task of Automatic Interpretation of Nominal Phrases and Compounds: A Cross-Linguistic Study". Computational Linguistics 35, nr 2 (czerwiec 2009): 185–228. http://dx.doi.org/10.1162/coli.06-77-prep13.
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In this article we explore the syntactic and semantic properties of prepositions in the context of the semantic interpretation of nominal phrases and compounds. We investigate the problem based on cross-linguistic evidence from a set of six languages: English, Spanish, Italian, French, Portuguese, and Romanian. The focus on English and Romance languages is well motivated. Most of the time, English nominal phrases and compounds translate into constructions of the form N P N in Romance languages, where the P (preposition) may vary in ways that correlate with the semantics. Thus, we present empirical observations on the distribution of nominal phrases and compounds and the distribution of their meanings on two different corpora, based on two state-of-the-art classification tag sets: Lauer's set of eight prepositions and our list of 22 semantic relations. A mapping between the two tag sets is also provided. Furthermore, given a training set of English nominal phrases and compounds along with their translations in the five Romance languages, our algorithm automatically learns classification rules and applies them to unseen test instances for semantic interpretation. Experimental results are compared against two state-of-the-art models reported in the literature.
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Bogle, Desrine. "Traduire la créolisation". Translating Creolization 2, nr 2 (23.12.2016): 181–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/ttmc.2.2.01bog.
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This article proposes the translatological approach called intracultural translation, that is, translation within the same language-culture, coined by Desrine Bogle (2014), with specific reference and application to the Creole language using H. P. Grice’s conversational implicature, Venuti’s application to translation, and Roman Jakobson’s intralinguistic translation as theoretical frameworks. Mirroring the approach of the translator working within Romance languages who employs the Latin roots of these languages to judiciously resolve difficult translation issues, the concept of intracultural translation reinforces the notion of a Creole world view, product of a shared history, as evidenced through a shared linguistic and cultural heritage or “storehouse” from which translators of Creole texts can freely select elements to undertake their activity of intercultural transfer. In seeking to affirm and maintain the cohesiveness of Creole identity against the homogenizing effect of globalization, intracultural translation, currently underexplored and underexploited, is presented as a viable translatological approach to texts in Creole. Intracultural translation is exemplified through a case study of the English translations of three French Creole proverbs in the French Caribbean novel Pluie et vent sur Télumée Miracle by Simone Schwarz-Bart.
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Posth, Carlotta, i Sonia García de Alba Lobeira. "Coherence-Making Strategies in the <i>Renaut de Montauban</i> Tradition". Linguistica 63, nr 1-2 (27.12.2023): 89–121. http://dx.doi.org/10.4312/linguistica.63.1-2.89-121.
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In the transition from the late Middle Ages to the early modern period, the vernacular prose romance became popular throughout Europe. This new genre brought about the functional expansion of vernacular languages into the realm of prose, which had previously been primarily the preserve of Latin. This paper discusses coherence-making strategies in prose romances from a diachronic perspective. In a case study of the Renaut de Montauban, also called The Four Sons of Aymon, we explore a number of linguistic devices used to convey narrative coherence in the chanson de geste tradition and what happens to these patterns when the matter is transposed from verse into prose and across languages, from French into English. We focus on copula constructions with initial intensifiers, the discourse markers lors, adonc, or and si (and their English counterparts), as well as the narrative formula commonly referred to as entrelacement or interlacement. By combining linguistic observations with a narratological framework borrowed from literary analysis, we aim to shed light on further research possibilities into the realm of comparative medieval literature which considers new generic (prose), material (print), and linguistic (French-English) contexts. Our results show that the change in form from verse to prose causes word order patterns with sentence-initial intensifiers to decline in favour of a general preference for discourse markers. These became the preferred way of establishing coherence in long prose texts. Their varied use in French and the English translation of the Renaut show a definite awareness of the significance of this resource for plot progression and the management of shifts between narrative levels. Furthermore, the combination of discourse markers with other narrative formulae, like interlacement, and typographical features underscore the deliberate use of these linguistic features as coherence-making elements in the prose Renaut tradition.
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Classen, Albrecht. "The Arthur of the Low Countries: The Arthurian Legend in Dutch and Flemish Literature, ed. Bart Besamusca and Frank Brandsma. Arthurian Literature in the Middle Ages, X. Cardiff: University of Wales Press, 2021, xix, 249 pp., 1 map." Mediaevistik 35, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 287–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.3726/med.2022.01.11.
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Abstract As we all know, Arthurian literature was a pan-European phenomenon, so each branch of its distribution deserves its own separate treatment. This is the underlying motive for the series edited by Ad Putter, and the current book, the tenth volume, is dedicated to the Arthurian legend in Dutch and Flemish literature, magisterially edited by the well-known scholars Bart Besamusca and Frank Brandsma. As in many other cases, French sources were most influential in the Dutch and Flemish region, although we should not talk simply about translation literature, as is the same situation in Middle High German or Medieval English Arthurian romances.
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Sobesto, Joanna. "Zapisana w cudzym archiwum: re/dekonstrukcja postaci Bolesławy Kopelówny na podstawie spuścizny Zygmunta Żuławskiego". Experimental Translation, nr 47 (2024): 94–111. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16891864pc.23.017.18848.
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The main aim of the paper is to present the private and professional biography of Bolesława Kopelówna – a female translator from English active in the interwar period (1918–1939) in Poland. Unusually prolific as a translator, criticized by her contemporaries and then forgotten, Kopelówna authored dozens of translations from various genres: including fiction, children’s literature, and romance novels. She was also an interpreter and worked in the field of specialized translation. She traveled often and was engaged in the socialist movement in Poland. As an official archive of Kopelówna does not exist, I would like to re/deconstruct her biography through Zygmunt Żuławski’s – her friend and colleague – personal papers: letters to Kopelówna, diaries and some enigmatic traces of her own presence in his archive. By applying tools from translation history, especially contemporary findings on archives of female writers, I attempt to answer the question why Kopelówna was so intensely criticized. Microhistorical study on female translator, through the extension of the notion of an archive takes part in the discussion on the potential of translation history in literary history and cultural studies.
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Studzińska, Joanna. "Przekładanie poezji lingwistycznej: Rendicción Mario Martína Gijóna w tłumaczeniach na polski, angielski i francuski". Przekładaniec, nr 43 (31.12.2021): 122–43. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16891864pc.21.032.15146.
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Translating Linguistic Poetry: Mario Martín Gijón’s Rendicción in Polish, English, and French The lyrical work of Spanish poet Mario Martín Gijón is linguistic in the extreme. Not only does he juxtapose similar-sounding words, but he fuses them graphically into one, with parentheses containing a word fragment [me(re)ce, entreg(u)arme] or two fragments separated by a slash [conju(r/nt)os, in(v/f)ierno]; he also uses enjambment within words (cor / reo, tarde / seosa). These techniques result in a multiplication of readings, which constitutes a major challenge for translators. Terence Dooley, Miguel Ángel Real and the author of this essay (here in the dual role of translator and researcher) translated Martín Gijón’s poetry into English, French and Polish, respectively. Each translator had at their disposal language matter of very distinct properties. The translator into French was able to take advantage of the largely convergent Romance roots, which made it possible to recreate many word games on a one-to-one scale or with only minimal changes. English offered such a possibility much less frequently; Polish – only once. Therefore, the English and Polish translations are re-creations to a much larger extent than the French one. However, the significant differences between each of the versions stem not only from the properties of the target languages, but also from the different approaches of the translators.
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Ortiz-Salamovich, Alejandra. "‘whether she did or no, judge you’: Engaging readers in the translations of Spanish romance". Cahiers Élisabéthains: A Journal of English Renaissance Studies 104, nr 1 (23.03.2021): 23–41. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/0184767820980658.
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This article explores how the reader is addressed in the sexual scenes of the Spanish, French, and English versions of Amadis de Gaule. Anthony Munday’s translation ( c. 1590) follows closely Nicolas Herberay des Essarts’s French text (1540), which he had translated from the Spanish Amadís de Gaula (1508) by Garci Rodríguez de Montalvo. It analyses how the narrator’s appeals to the reader change in the course of translation, transforming the omission of erotic details into a device to connect with the readers. The new versions make the sexual scenes more provocative and highlight a shared complicity with the audience.
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Groom, Quentin, Henry Engledow, Ann Bogaerts, Nuno Veríssimo Pereira i Sofie De Smedt. "Citizen science at the borders of Romance (www.doedat.be)". Biodiversity Information Science and Standards 2 (21.05.2018): e24991. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/biss.2.24991.
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Many, if not most, countries have several official or widely used languages. And most, if not all, of these countries have herbaria. Furthermore, specimens have been exchanged between herbaria from many countries, so herbaria are often polylingual collections. It is therefore useful to have label transcription systems that can attract users proficient in a wide variety of languages. Belgium is a typical polylingual country at the boundary between the Romance and Franconian languages (French, Dutch & German). Yet, currently there are few non-English transcription platforms for citizen science. This is why in Belgium we built DoeDat, from the Digivol system of the Atlas of Living Australia. We will be demonstrating DoeDat and its multilingual features. We will explain how we enter translations, both for the user interface and for the dynamic parts of the website. We will share our experiences of running a multilingual site and the challenges it brings. Translating and running such a website requires skilled personnel and patience. However, our experience has been positive and the number and quality of our volunteer transcriptions has been rewarding. We look forward to the further use of DoeDat to transcribe data in many other languages. There are no reasons anymore to exclude willing volunteers in any language.
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Faria, Dominique. "Representing alterity in a post-colonial context: Lídia Jorge’s A costa dos murmúrios and its english and french translations". Cadernos de Tradução 37, nr 1 (9.01.2017): 46. http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2017v37n1p46.
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http://dx.doi.org/10.5007/2175-7968.2017v37n1p46O presente artigo analisa duas traduções de A costa dos murmúrios (1988) de Lídia Jorge, uma publicada em França (1989) e outra nos Estados Unidos da América (1995). Traduzido de uma língua periférica para línguas centrais e sistemas culturais dominantes, o romance sobre a guerra colonial portuguesa em África teve receções contrastantes naqueles países, as quais revelam diferentes abordagens à tradução. Este estudo visa identificar os principais agentes e fatores externos envolvidos no processo de tradução, assim como determinar o papel que questões como mecenato, tradição nacional de tradução e história nacional de ambas as culturas recetoras desempenham nesse processo. Com base nesta discussão, refletir-se-á então sobre o modo como o povo colonizado e a sua cultura são representados no romance, de forma a verificar se existe ou não uma tendência, ao traduzir, para substituir referências estranhas à cultura ocidental por formas de representação mais generalizadas.
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Operstein, Natalie. "Lexical diversity and the issue of the basilect/acrolect distinction in Lingua Franca". Language Ecology 4, nr 2 (31.12.2020): 202–34. http://dx.doi.org/10.1075/le.20009.ope.
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Abstract In their typological survey of pidgins, Parkvall and Bakker (2013) observe that pidgin discourse is characterized by an exceptionally low type-token ratio. Taking this observation as its starting point, the present paper examines the type-token ratio in Lingua Franca, a contact language traditionally classified as a pidgin. The study is based on a unique mini-corpus consisting of parallel translations in Lingua Franca and four comparator languages: Italian, Spanish, French and English. The paper shows that the type-token ratio of the Lingua Franca variety reflected in the mini-corpus matches, and in parts surpasses, those of its Romance lexifiers and English. The study expands our knowledge of the basilect/acrolect distinction in Lingua Franca and contributes to the discussion about the role of lexical diversity in the typological categorization of contact languages.
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Lowe, JSA. "Danmei and/as Fanfiction: Translations, Variations, and the Digital Semiosphere". Humanities 13, nr 1 (23.01.2024): 20. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/h13010020.
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Since the late 1990s, Chinese internet publishing has seen a surge in literary production in terms of danmei, which are webnovels that share many of the features of Anglophone fanfiction. Thanks in part to recent live-action adaptations, there has been an influx of new Western and Chinese diaspora readers of danmei. Juxtaposing these bodies of literature in English in particular enables us to examine the complexities of how danmei are newly circulating in the Anglophone world and have become available themselves for transformative work, as readers also write fanfiction based on danmei. This paper offers a comparative reading of the following three such texts, which explore trauma recovery through the arc of romance: Tianya Ke, a danmei novel by Priest; Notebook No. 6 by magdaliny, a novella-length piece of fanfiction based on Marvel characters; and orange_crushed’s Strays, a fanfiction based on the live-action drama that was, in turn, based on Tianya Ke. The space described by Lotman’s semiosphere offers an additional model in which these texts reflect on one another; furthermore, along the porous digital border between fanfiction, danmei in translation, and fan novels based on danmei, readers and writers negotiate and vex contemporary culture.
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Ożarska, Magdalena. "Male and Female Characters’ Crying in Jane Austen’s “Sense and Sensibility” (1811) and Maria Wirtemberska’s “Malvina, or the Heart's Intuition” (1816)". Respectus Philologicus 28, nr 33 (25.10.2015): 22–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/respectus.2015.28.33.2.
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Published in 1816, Malvina, or the Heart's Intuition by Maria Wirtemberska appeared but five years after the publication of Jane Austen's Sense and Sensibility (1811). My paper stipulates that Wirtemberska's Malvina was to a large extent inspired by Austen's novel although no straightforward evidence exists to suggest that the Polish writer was familiar with the works of the English author. Austen's novels were not rendered into Polish in the nineteenth century: the first translation was published as late as 1934. But novels by Western European authors were read by educated Poles in their original language versions, or in French translations and adaptations. It is crucial to view Wirtemberska's romance as a specimen of the same genre as Austen's works because several parallels emerge in terms of the novel's structure, motifs and characters. My paper looks at the ways in which the motif and images of crying are used in Austen's and Wirtemberska's novels. The two works seem a good choice for this kind of comparative analysis as they tackle various aspects of sensibility, a phenomenon which invoked mixed feelings among the novelists' contemporaries, excitement and a sense of moral jeopardy included.
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Studzińska, Joanna. "Translating Linguistic Poetry: Mario Martín Gijón’s Rendicción in Polish, English and French". Experimental Translation, nr 47 (20.12.2023): 113–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.4467/16891864epc.23.012.18091.
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The lyrical work of Spanish poet Mario Martín Gijón is linguistic in the extreme. Not only does he juxtapose similar-sounding words, but he fuses them graphically into one, with parentheses containing a word fragment [me(re)ce, entreg(u)arme] or two fragments separated by a slash [conju(r/nt)os, in(v/f)ierno]; he also uses enjambment within words (cor / reo, tarde / seosa). These techniques result in a multiplication of readings, which constitutes a major challenge for translators. Terence Dooley, Miguel Ángel Real and the author of this essay (here in the dual role of translator and researcher) translated Martín Gijón’s poetry into English, French and Polish, respectively. Each translator had at their disposal language matter with very distinctive characteristics. The translator into French was able to take advantage of the largely convergent Romance roots, which made it possible to recreate many word games on a one-to-one scale or with only minimal changes. The English language afforded such a possibility much less frequently, and Polish, just once. As a result, the English and Polish translations are re-creations to a much larger extent than the French one. However, the significant differences between each of the versions stem not only from the properties of the target languages, but also from the different approaches of the translators.
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Pilipenko, Gleb, i Maria Yasinskaya. "Easter Traditions among Slovenes in Italy (Natisone Valley)". Folklore: Electronic Journal of Folklore 87 (grudzień 2022): 93–104. http://dx.doi.org/10.7592/fejf2022.87.pilipenko_yasinskaya.
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The paper discusses some Easter traditions of Slovenes living in the Natisone Valley in Italy. The research is based on the authors’ field data, ethnographic literature, and archival materials. Easter practices and vocabulary related to the celebration of Easter are analyzed in this paper. The paper covers customs that have not been previously described in the scientific literature or those that have had little attention devoted to them and have remained largely unexplored until now. On the one hand, in the vocabulary of the Slovenian dialect of the Natisone Valley, numerous borrowings from Romance (Italian and Friulian) languages are found, mainly in the field of ritual foods. On the other hand, Slovenian lexemes also penetrate into the Romance languages. The authors use data from neighboring Slovenian dialects in order to demonstrate the broader typological perspective of the study. The paper ends with excerpts from the narratives of informants describing the celebration of Easter, which are published with English translations. The detailing of a questionnaire related to Easter among Slovenes in Italy is a future research perspective.
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Gadoin, Isabelle. "William Morris, a Transcultural Artist and Man of Letters". Linguaculture 11, nr 2 (10.12.2020): 27–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.47743/lincu-2020-2-0170.
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William Morris is extremely famous for his career as a designer and one of the founders of the whole movement of the Arts and Crafts in Late Victorian England. But the other side of his career, as a man of letters, is far less abundantly documented. While his Socialist utopia News from Nowhere (1890) is still read and commented upon today, far less attention has been given to his early poems, as well as his late romances written in a mock- mediaeval style which was to inspire the whole twentieth-century movement of “Fantasy” literature.The article focuses on Morris’s partly neglected love of letters, both in the sense of literature as a whole, and of individual letters. Morris loved the letter as a writer, but also as a visual artist: from an early stage of his career, he practiced calligraphy as leisure, before turning to book-printing as a professional activity in the last years of his life. This love of letters is studied on the basis of a particular case-study: his production of a calligraphic and illustrated version of the mediaeval Persian poems of Omar Khayyam, the Rubbayiat, in their English translation by Edward FitzGerald (1859). Aside from his passion for letters, in both their graphic and poetic dimension, Morris’s work on the Rubbayiat shows how deeply intercultural and intermedial his inspiration was. He recreated for the English readers of the Persian poet a visual world which borrowed from his other creations in the field of textiles, carpets, wall-papers, etc., and brought together East and West in a completely hybrid visual creation. It is those eminently cross-cultural and trans-disciplinary sources of inspiration that the article unravels.
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Szczepkowska, Ewa. "Recepcja Jane Austen w polskojęzycznym Internecie na przykładzie stron internetowych poświęconych pisarce". Przegląd Humanistyczny 63, nr 2 (465) (25.10.2019): 105–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.5604/01.3001.0013.5511.
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The subject of the article is the reception of Jane Austen in the sphere of e-culture – its fragment connected to websites and discussion forums concerning the writer. The phenomenon of “Austen mania” starts in Poland mainly because of the popularity of the movies based on Jane Austen prose. These sites and forums played not only a popularizing role, spreading the knowledge about the writers’ biography, work, film adaptations, or Regency, but they also grouped the society of fans who felt the need of being close to the other readers of Austen and some virtual companion in a feminine sphere created by numerous, common interpretation of the behaviour of the heroes of her prose, and also fans’ creativity in the area of gadgets, Regency costumes and literary tourism. The other form of activity is fan fiction, slightly represented on the forums and sites, especially in the comparison to fan fiction around the work of Austen in the English-speaking circle. They are most frequently the translations from The Republic of Pemberley, not prepared, unfinished, fragmentated, or personal attempts of a romance kind, in a style of Harlequin literature and a sentimental tone.
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Jeep, John M. "Stabreimende Wortpaare in den früheren Werken Hartmanns von Aue: Erec, Klage, Minnesang". Yearbook of Phraseology 7, nr 1 (1.10.2016): 55–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/phras-2016-0004.
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Abstract Building upon recent phraseological studies on Old High and Middle High German texts, the alliterating word pairs in the early works of Hartmann von Aue are catalogued and analyzed philologically, thus contributing to an emerging complete listing of the paired rhetorical expressions through the Early Middle High German period. The first extant courtly Arthurian romance, Hartmann's Erec, a shorter piece of his known as Diu Klage, and a handful of poems he composed are by all indications from the last decade of the twelfth century, despite later manuscript transmission. Each pair is listed, described in the context in which it appears, and compared with any extant pairs from earlier German works. What emerge are insights into the evolution of these expressions, in some cases through centuries. On the one hand, Hartmann employs alliterating expressions that date to the Old High German period, while on the other hand apparently creating new ones. As in findings in earlier texts, pairs recorded on multiple occasions are likely to have been used by other authors. Typical for medieval German texts – when compared to similar modern expressions – is the insight that there is a fair amount of variation concerning the sequence of the alliterating elements and/or the inclusion of morpho-syntactic modifiers such as pronouns, possessives, adjectives, or adverbs. Modern translations of Hartmann's works into German and English show just how varied these phrases can appear in translation. When known, later examples of the alliterating word-pairs are cited, albeit for obvious reasons only in an incomplete fashion. The long-term project is designed to continue to chart the emergence of the early German alliterating word-pairs chronologically.
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VELEANU, Corina. "LA TRADUCTION DES NOMS COMPOSÉS JURIDIQUES ANGLAIS EN -ING DANS LES LANGUES ROMANES". Comparative Legilinguistics 30 (29.10.2017): 107–25. http://dx.doi.org/10.14746/cl.2017.30.6.
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The aim of this paper is to analyse the behaviour of -ing compound nouns in the process of their translation into Romance languages. The starting point of this analysis is our research into the entry of -ing simple nouns in the legal vocabulary of Romance languages, which we presented at the 10th International Days of the Lexicology, Terminology and Translation Network (University of Strasbourg, 2015). The method of the present research consists in a contrastive analysis of the entry of English compound nouns containing the morpheme -ing in the legal vocabulary of French, Romanian, Italian, Spanish and Portuguese, in order to assess both the translating differences in terms of perception between the simple and compound -ing structures, and the degree of permeability of the legal target-languages in contact with the legal English terms. One of the practical purposes of the present research will be offering a linguistic analysis basis to legal translators, as we founded our work on our hands-on experience as a legal translator and interpreter with the Tribunal de Grande Instance (High Court) of Lyon and the Court of Appeal, as well as a lecturer in legal English and translation.
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Djordjević, Ivana. "Translating Courtesy in a Middle English Romance". Studia Neophilologica 76, nr 2 (grudzień 2004): 140–51. http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/003932270410003945.
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Maniez, François. "Traitement de l’ambiguïté syntaxique et sémantique en TA neuronale : analyse de la traduction de l’anglais vers le français, l’espagnol et l’italien". Traduction et Langues 21, nr 1 (31.08.2022): 10–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.52919/translang.v21i1.872.
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Syntactic and Semantic Ambiguity Processing in Neural MT from English to French, Spanish and Italian
Despite recent advances in artificial intelligence, human translators outperform MT for at least three types of tasks: identifying referents in anaphora (especially of the interphrastic kind), resolving semantic ambiguity (which is mainly due to polysemy or homonymy), and resolving syntactic ambiguity (especially with poorly inflected source languages such as English). Using the results obtained by two freely available online machine translation programs, Google Translate and DeepL, we examine how these two types of ambiguity are processed in translation from English into French, Spanish and Italian. Our results show that the two programs perform well overall in resolving the simplest cases of syntactic ambiguity, with difficulties arising more frequently for noun phrases featuring atypical syntactic divisions and rarely used collocations. MT output for ambiguous structures involving verb roots followed by the –ING morpheme (flying planes, growing pains) is studied, as well as syntactic structures in which two or more nouns are preceded by one or more adjectives. MT handles relatively well the longest of those structures (ADJ ADJ N N N N), probably because their subsets are part of the bilingual or target language monolingual corpora that underlie MT systems. Structures involving head modification and coordination (ADJ N AND N) are also known to pose problems for MT and human translators alike. But since many of the most frequent N AND N structures involve cohyponyms (men and women, brothers and sisters), antonyms (rights and duties, costs and benefits) or near- synonyms (aid and advice), their translation as a whole unit generally triggers the choice of correct syntact dependencies in translation. Structures in which the adjective only modifies the first noun (fresh air and exercise, social sciences and humanities) are much less frequent and are also probably translated as a whole unit. Structures involving premodification, coordination and post-modification may give rise to four distinct types of structures depending on whether long-range dependencies apply (detailed [knowledge and understanding] of the IT industry, [ethnic group] and [place of birth], invaluable [context and [source of information], [close friend] and confidant] of Mr Jones. Structures in which both long-range dependencies apply (integrated prevention and control of pollution) are the ones which most frequently cause errors for MT. Semantic ambiguity cases have been processed with increasing success by MT, especially when collocates vary widely for the main two meanings of homonyms (a well-known example is the word pen). Processing polysemy (for instance the medical use of conditions in pre-existing conditions) is a bit more of a challenge for MT. Other cases involving concentration of several polysemic terms in the same sentence (Changing the placement of beams relative to the staff involves changing the direction of the stems in the beam) also create difficulties for MT when the polysemic terms are used without any of their usual collocates (here in the specialised field of musical edition). Homonymy cases involving grammatical category changes (N-to-V or V-to-N conversion) seem to continue to pose the most difficulties to neural MT, despite increasing consideration of intra- and extraphrastic context. Potentially ambiguous word sequences (treatment increase in as the daily dose and duration of treatment increase), which were processed incorrectly before neuronal MT, are now correctly translated. But word sequences in which one word belongs to a part of speech which is not the most commonly used one (e.g. the noun remains in what remains can be considered) may cause occasional errors. Several examples that involve the verb founder are studied, and they frequently trigger translation of the noun in all three Romance languages (or translations of the verbs find or found due to incorrect segmentation).
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Dincă, Daniela, i Chiara Preite. "Terminologie et traduction des nanosciences et nanotechnologies : de l’anglais aux langues romanes". Studia Universitatis Babeș-Bolyai Philologia 69, nr 1 (30.03.2024): 75–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.24193/subbphilo.2024.1.04.
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Terminology and Translation of Nanoscience and Nanotechnolo¬gies: From English to Romance Languages. Based on our experience of building a Multilingual Nanoscience and Nanotechnology Glossary, we propose in this article to study the complementary relationship between the terminology of nanotechnology and its translation from English as a source language to the languages analyzed: French and, more particularly, Italian and Romanian. More specifically, the objectives set out in this contribution are to describe the terminology and definitions of nanoscience and nanotechnologies from the perspective of their translation in order to highlight the common and divergent elements among the three Romance languages: French, Italian and Romanian. Keywords: technical translation, terminology, translation methods, nanotechnology, conceptual definitions
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Saint-Laurent, Jeanne-Nicole Mellon. "Gateway to the Syriac Saints: A Database Project". Journal of Religion, Media and Digital Culture 5, nr 1 (6.12.2016): 183–204. http://dx.doi.org/10.1163/21659214-90000074.
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This article describes The Gateway to the Syriac Saints, a database project developed by the Syriac Reference Portal (www.syriaca.org). It is a research tool for the study of Syriac saints and hagiographic texts. The Gateway to the Syriac Saints is a two-volume database: 1) Qadishe and 2) Bibliotheca Hagiographica Syriaca Electronica (BHSE). Hagiography, the lives of the saints, is a multiform genre. It contains elements of myth, history, biblical exegesis, romance, and theology. The production of saints’ lives blossomed in late antiquity alongside the growth of the cult of the saints. Scholars have attended to hagiographic traditions in Greek and Latin, but many scholars have yet to discover the richness of Syriac hagiographic literature: the stories, homilies, and hymns on the saints that Christians of the Middle East told and preserved. It is our hope that our database will give scholars and students increased access to these traditions to generate new scholarship. The first volume, Qadishe or “saints” in Syriac, is a digital catalogue of saints or holy persons venerated in the Syriac tradition. Some saints are native to the Syriac-speaking milieu, whereas others come from other linguistic or cultural traditions. Through the translation of their hagiographies and the diffusion of saints’ cults in the late antique world, saints were adopted, “imported,” and appropriated into Syriac religious memory. The second volume, the BHSE, focuses on Syriac hagiographic texts. The BHSE contains the titles of over 1000 Syriac stories, hymns, and homilies on saints. It also includes authors’ or hagiographers’ names, the first and last lines of the texts (in Syriac, English, and French), bibliographic information, and the names of the manuscripts containing these hagiographic works. We have also listed modern and ancient translations of these works. All of the data in the Gateway to the Syriac Saints has been encoded in TEI, and it is fully searchable, linkable, and open.
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Stanley, E. G. "Middle English Metrical Romances". Notes and Queries 38, nr 3 (1.09.1991): 286. http://dx.doi.org/10.1093/notesj/38.3.286.
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Vișan, Nadina. "“‘Peewit,’ said a peewit, very remote.” – Notes on quotatives in literary translation". Open Linguistics 8, nr 1 (1.01.2022): 354–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.1515/opli-2022-0195.
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Abstract The present article focuses on strategies of translating fiction quotatives from English into Romanian. Starting from the definition of quotatives as structures that in their simplest form consist of a subject and a quoting verb and accompany a quotation, I have selected two samples of literary text and their respective multiple versions so as to investigate patterns in which these structures are translated. Because, as pointed out in the literature, fiction quotatives describe narrative-advancing events and contribute to the development of characters, the investigation of how fiction quotatives are translated (in particular how say, the most frequently used verb in quotatives, is treated in translation) might prove to offer valuable insight for literary translation studies, correlating tendencies that seem to be cross-linguistic. For instance, it has been demonstrated that in Spanish there is a tendency of replacing the generic quoting verb say with other manner of speaking verbs. This may be seen as a form of “enrichment” as a translation strategy. The article advances the hypothesis that a similar phenomenon can be attributed to Romanian and links this phenomenon to parametric variation in English and Romance.
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Kumaralalita, Jahnu Sekar Ayum, M.R. Nababan i Djatmika Djatmika. "Translation Technique Analysis of Verbal Abuse in The Dark Heroine: Dinner With A Vampire by Abigail Gibbs". International Journal of Linguistics, Literature and Translation 3, nr 10 (30.10.2020): 94–99. http://dx.doi.org/10.32996/ijllt.2020.3.10.11.
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This study highlights English-Indonesian translation of verbal abuse in the novel The Dark Heroine: Dinner With A Vampire by Abigail Gibbs. The novel is a thrilling paranormal set in London, published by HarperCollins in 2012. The novel was the New York Times Best Seller and also dubbed as “The Sexiest Romance You’ll Read This Year”. The purpose of this study is to find out the translation technique that the translator used in translating verbal abuse. This study is descriptive and qualitative in nature by doing an analysis of documents and FGD (Focus Group Discussion). The findings of the study showed that 12 techniques were used by the translator to translate the verbal abuse in The Dark Heroine: Dinner With A Vampire; established equivalent, variation, explicitation, pure borrowing, implicitation, modulation, compensation, reduction, generalization, deletion, reduction, paraphrase, and transposition.
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Abu-Rayyash, Hussein, Linda S. Al-Abbas i Ahmad S. Haider. "Arab fansubbers’ intervention in movie scripts through adding humorous notes: Reactions and functions". Journal of Arab & Muslim Media Research 16, nr 2 (1.10.2023): 139–59. http://dx.doi.org/10.1386/jammr_00060_1.
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Translation notes, as employed in fansubbing, are remarks added to the subtitles without reference to the source text. The current study adopts quantitative and qualitative approaches to investigate the receptivity and classification of translation notes explicitly utilized in fan-subtitled English movies for Arab audiences. In the quantitative part, 90 participants were engaged to assess fan-subbed English films with embedded translation notes in Arabic and subsequently completed an eighteen-item questionnaire. The analysis revealed a favourable disposition towards translation notes, albeit with a caveat of requisite technical refinements in future products. Moreover, the findings indicated a predilection for incorporating such notes in specific film genres, such as comedy and romance, as opposed to horror or documentaries. In the qualitative part, the researchers conducted an exhaustive examination of 120 translation notes, subsequently categorizing them into ten thematic classifications. The investigation further showed that fansubbers might provide commentary on scenes laden with disbelief or blasphemy, distancing the viewers from the content while maintaining a comedic tone. Additionally, fansubbers may exercise discretion in abstaining from translating sequences deemed repetitive or ill-suited for the target audience. The results further posit that vernacular dialects demonstrate a heightened efficacy in conveying humour, as opposed to the utilization of Modern Standard Arabic (MSA), given the former’s ubiquity in quotidian communication and the latter’s association with formal contexts. Finally, the study concludes that more streaming platforms are recommended to add a new feature where viewers can watch the AV material with translation notes.
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Protopopescu, Daria. "Derivational Versus Phrasal Adverbials of Manner". Romanian Journal of English Studies 11, nr 1 (1.03.2014): 29–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/rjes-2014-0004.
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Abstract This paper compares the usage of derivational and phrasal adverbial expressions of manner in English and Romanian. It also points to possible translational and learning problems due to selection peculiarities in the two languages. Both English as well as some of the Romance languages (among others French, Italian, Spanish), use both simple adverbs of manner (e.g. well) and derivational adverbs formed by adding a suffix to an adjective (e.g. poorly vs -mente adverbs in Romance).
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Delany, Sheila. "English 380: Literature in Translation: Medieval Jewish Literature; Studies in medieval culture". Florilegium 20, nr 1 (styczeń 2003): 201–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3138/flor.20.047.
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Jewish culture has a continuous existence of nearly three millennia. This course isolates a small portion of it to read, in translation, work composed during the Middle Ages by authors from several countries and in several genres: parable and fantasy, lyric and lament, polemic, marriage manual, romance. Some of our material has not been translated into English before and is not yet available in print. We are fortunate to have brand-new pre-print copies of Meir of Norwich and especially of the famous Yiddish romance the Bovo-buch (in the course-pack)—an early modern version of a widely-read (non-Jewish) medieval text. Primary texts will be supplemented by scholarly books on which each student will offer a short class presentation.