Rozprawy doktorskie: „Roles conflict”

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Malone, Laurell Coleman M. S. "The Multiple Roles of Women Pursuing Doctoral Studies". Diss., Virginia Tech, 1998. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/30544.

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Increases in the employment of women in administrative and managerial careers have drawn attention to a need for research that examines the interdependency of work and family roles, a need that is particularly crucial in the area of academic administration. This was a qualitative study of the strategies and support systems women educational administrators use to deal with the multiple roles they perform in life and work while pursuing doctoral studies. Forty-four women educational administrators enrolled in Virginia Tech's fall 1996 dissertation seminar were selected to participate in a telephone interview. Each participant's responses were recorded and transcribed. Data were sorted using a variable-oriented format. Matrices were used to categorize and analyze the data, note emerging patterns of strategies and support systems, and compare and contrast roles across personal and situational variables. The women in this study cited time as the common factor in most role conflicts occurring during their years of doctoral study. Strategies that centered around time management (prioritize, delegate, compartmentalize,) were used to deal with their multiple roles. Feelings of guilt, stress, exhaustion, and isolation were common. They depended on positive and affective support systems that included family, friends, co-workers, and cohort members to deal with responsibilities of home, work, and doctoral study. A strong sense of commitment, determination, and spiritual faith was credited most often as the one thing that kept them going as they responded to the problems, issues, concerns, and challenges of performing multiple roles in life and work.
Ed. D.

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Simonsen, Gregory. "Masculine Role Conflict in Gay Men: Mediation of Psychological Well-Being and Help-Seeking Behaviors". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1998. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278913/.

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Gender role issues have been an integral part of psychology since the 1970s. More recently, theories and research have surfaced concerning the issues of maleness in our society. Most of these theories focus on masculine gender role and how it affects men in various ways, e.g., their psychological well-being, substance use, relational abilities, and help-seeking behaviors. One area of maleness that has consistently been left out of the Masculine Role Conflict (MRC) debate is that of homosexuality. As a gay man develops, he finds himself at odds with society over something that he experiences biologically as normal and appropriate. It is the contention of this paper that MRC is an issue related to psychological distress among gay men and not psychological weakness in gay men, per se.

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Toews, Ronald W. "World-building through mediation mediation patterns and roles /". Theological Research Exchange Network (TREN), 1999. http://www.tren.com.

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Sundström, Rasmus. "Upplevelsen av att dela hem och arbete med samma person". Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-402.

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Syftet med denna studie var att undersöka hur multipla roller upplevs och hanteras av personer som delar en professionell och en privat domän. Tidigare forskning har visat att multipla roller ofta upplevs som stressande och är en grund till konflikter i såväl den privata som den professionella domänen. Åtta personer i fyra intervjupar intervjuades individuellt med hjälp av en semistrukturerad intervjuguide. Studiens resultat visar att samtliga deltagare har positiva upplevelser kring de delade domänerna då de anses ge en ökad förståelse för den andra parten och leda till en utvecklad relation. Vidare forskning föreslås koncentreras kring negativa upplevelser av fenomenet då denna undersökning inte undersökt detta.

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Hong, Hae-Jung. "Multiculturals in organizations : Their roles for organizational effectiveness". Thesis, Cergy-Pontoise, Ecole supérieure des sciences économiques et commerciales, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012ESEC0005/document.

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Cette thèse explore le rôle de multiculturels dans les multinationales. Les multiculturels sont connus pour leur compétence et leur potentiel culturels susceptibles de contribuer à l’efficacité d’une organisation. Peu d’études à ce jour ont examiné les multiculturels dans les multinationales et pratiquement aucune recherche n’a essayé de comprendre le rôle des multiculturels dans la facilitation d’un processus de travail d’équipe efficace. En vue d’étudier un phénomène qui n’a pas été suffisamment scruté, cette dissertation a mobilisé un travail de terrain ethnographique dans deux multinationales importantes sur une période de 10 mois. Elle étudie les rôles de multiculturels dans des équipes mondiales en se référant à trois contextes : (1) la compétence multiculturelle et son impact sur l’efficacité de l’équipe ; (2) comment les multiculturels influencent les processus de travail d’équipe ; (3) en quoi et comment des facteurs liés au contexte affectent l’aptitude des multiculturels à jouer des rôles
This dissertation explores multiculturals in global corporations. To date, limited research helps us understand the role of multicultural individuals in facilitating the effective functioning of global teams. To investigate this under-examined phenomenon, this dissertation presents the first empirical study of the roles of multiculturals in organizations by facilitating 10-month ethnographic field work in two MNCs: a leading cosmetic MNC and an auditing and consulting MNC. This dissertation comprises three papers. The first paper develops the theoretical model of bicultural competence and its impact on multicultural team effectiveness. I define bicultural competence, determine its antecedents, and identify two roles that bi/multiculturals might play in promoting multicultural team effectiveness: boundary spanner and conflict mediator. The second paper examines multiculturals’ cultural brokerage role for team work processes in global new product development teams: how multiculturals influence teams’ knowledge processes and handle cross-cultural conflicts (not only collocated but also virtual between corporate headquarters and local subsidiaries). Multiculturals play a critical role that influence knowledge processes and cross-cultural conflict management within global teams where cultural and national heterogeneity seems more complicated than organizational researchers have recognized to date. The third paper investigates boundary conditions and how they impact multiculturals to enact their roles. I compare and contrast multiculturals in two MNCs in different industries. In particular, I identify boundary conditions that have impact on multiculturals in three levels of analysis: organizational; team; individual. Furthermore, I propose what factors challenge or enable multiculturals and accordingly, how multiculturals overcome challenges and use given opportunities in order to perform effectively or yield such challenges in organizations

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Vogel, Lauren Katherina. "Invisible Women: Understanding Female Involvement in Contemporary Political and Revolutionary Conflict". Thesis, Griffith University, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/368154.

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The dominant narrative of female involvement in political and revolutionary conflict is that of victimhood. This script has framed both the research and policy paradigms of female involvement in conflict. Hence, women’s participation has typically been perceived as minor or unimportant with highly visible instances (e.g. suicide bombers or belligerents) viewed as isolated and abnormal deviations. Furthermore, female involvement is typically attributed to personal and emotional factors – political/ideological commitment or factors beyond the individual are seldom considered. In this way, female agency, responsibility, and credibility as a belligerent or terrorist are consistently undermined. In practice this has meant that women are often prevented from engaging in post-conflict processes, particularly disarmament, demobilisation and reintegration programs. In the research context, the predominant focus has been on the personal reasons for women’s violent operations, rather than on developing and refining theory. As such, no overarching theory of female involvement in political and revolutionary conflict existed. Methodologically, speculative and anecdotal approaches dominate in the absence of empirical research examining population level trends. Therefore, the purpose of this doctoral research was to empirically develop a theoretical framework of female involvement in contemporary political and revolutionary conflict that adequately accounted for the spectrum of female participation and the macro-level, meso-level, and micro-level factors that may influence their involvement. This project consisted of, first, developing the theoretical framework and, second, testing the framework. Three empirical quantitative studies utilising secondary data comprised the theory development stage.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
School of Applied Psychology
Griffith Health
Full Text

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Meijer, Anneli, i Sophie Dixelius. "Varsågod och skölj...är du snäll! : Ledares upplevelser kring ledarskapstil och konfilkthanteringsstrategier". Thesis, Mälardalen University, Department of Social Sciences, 2007. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:mdh:diva-213.

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Konflikter finns överallt i samhället, inte minst i organisationer och företag. Att beskriva olika ledares sätt att hantera konfliktsituationer i sitt ledarskap var därför intressant. Syftet med studien var att undersöka ledares upplevelser av ledarskap och sätt att hantera konflikter. Undersökningen baserades på 14 intervjuer med ledare som har personalansvar från både privat och offentlig sektor. Studien är könsmässigt balanserad. En kvalitativ ansats valdes för att få en så rik och beskrivande bild som möjligt. Resultatet visade att ledare agerar utifrån en omedveten strategi för att hantera konflikter. Samtidigt framkom att det fanns paralleller mellan ledarskapstil och sättet att hantera konflikter. En könsaspekt beaktades också i undersökningen. Inga direkta könsskillnader kunde påvisas härvidlag.

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Fillpot, Cynthia Ann. "Role conflict and hardiness as predictors of role and life satisfaction for women occupying multiple roles". CSUSB ScholarWorks, 1994. https://scholarworks.lib.csusb.edu/etd-project/900.

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Elizarni, FNU. "Gender, Conflict, Peace: The Roles of Feminist Popular Education During and After the Conflict in Aceh, Indonesia". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2020. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1605018870170842.

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Xie, Xiaoying. "A roles approach to conflict strategies modeling the effects of self- and other-role enactment on conflict strategies through goals and emotion /". College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9215.

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Thesis (Ph. D.) -- University of Maryland, College Park, 2009.
Thesis research directed by: Dept. of Communication. Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.

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Canessa, Calderón Víctor Enrique Martín. "Adaptación y propiedades de la "gender role conflict scale" en estudiantes universitarios". Bachelor's thesis, Pontificia Universidad Católica del Perú, 2016. http://tesis.pucp.edu.pe/repositorio/handle/123456789/7470.

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Antecedentes: En nuestro contexto, se han encontrado diversas problemáticas sociales referidas a la temática de género y los roles del mismo, el cual puede ser comprendido bajo una mirada binomial (masculino-femenino) o de identificaciones cruzadas. El Conflicto de rol de género, constructo creado por James O’Neil, refiere al estado psicológico en el que los roles de género tienen consecuencias negativas en uno mismo y los demás. El objetivo ha sido adaptar la escala del presente constructo, Gender Role Conflict Scale, a una población universitaria limeña, corroborando sus propiedades psicométricas en la misma población. Método: La muestra fue constituida por 210 estudiantes hombres con una edad promedio de 19.1 años. Resultados: La composición de la escala mostró comprenderse bajo los cuatro factores originales, manteniendo de manera general la estructura original. Tanto a nivel global como por factor, la escala muestra una fiabilidad aceptable, la cual oscila entre .84 y .86 según factor; así como una buena validez convergente. Conclusiones: El presente instrumento adaptado puede ser utilizado para evaluar el conflicto de rol de género en universitarios hombres limeños.
Background: Current, in Lima, we can find various social issues related to gender roles and gender itself, which can be understood under a binomial perspective (male-female) or cross-identifications. The gender role conflict, construct created by James O'Neil, refers to the psychological state in which gender roles have negative consequences for oneself and others. The aim has been to adapt the scale of this construct, Gender Role Conflict Scale, to a university population in Lima, confirming its psychometric properties in the same population. Method: The sample consisted of 210 male students with an average age of 19.1 years. Results: The composition of the scale showed the original four factors, generally maintaining the original structure. Both globally and by factor, the scale showed acceptable reliability, between .84 and .86 depending of the factor; as well as a good convergent validity. Conclusions: This adapted instrument can be used to evaluate gender role conflict in university men from Lima.
Tesis

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Deal, Erin. "Organizational Conflict Styles of Managers: The Effect of Gender Role Orientations". University of Akron / OhioLINK, 2016. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=akron1468248013.

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Quach, Emma D. "Multiple Roles in Later Life| Role Enhancement and Conflict and Their Effects on Psychological Well-Being". Thesis, University of Massachusetts Boston, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10239615.

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Holding both work and family roles can be a central experience for men and women, young or old. Yet, to date, the bulk of knowledge on holding roles in both domains is specific to young adults, a critical gap as conditions warrant longer work life. This inquiry thus focused on older working men and women (over 50 years of age) with at least one family role (spouse, parent of adult children, caregiver to an aging parent, or grandparent). With survey data from the Health and Retirement Study in 2010 and 2012, latent profile analysis, path analyses, and regressions were conducted to investigate multiple roles in later adulthood: 1) The extent older workers experience role enhancement and conflict between work and family roles because of role stressors and rewards, and patterns of role enhancement and conflict experiences, 2) The extent role enhancement and conflict (a) mediate between role rewards/stressors and psychological well-being (aging self-perceptions, life satisfaction, and depressive symptoms), and (b) interact with each other when exerting their psychological impacts, 3) Gender differences in role enhancement and conflict experiences and in their psychological consequences. Holding multiple roles in later life was characterized predominantly by work and family roles mutually enhancing each other, rather than conflicting with each other, a pattern driven primarily by low role stressors and secondarily by high role rewards. Role enhancement and conflict mediated the effects of role stressors/rewards on psychological well-being, especially on self-perceptions on aging. Interactive effects were also found: Psychological well-being was fostered by work conflicting with and enhancing the family but compromised by a similar circumstance in the family. Finally, gender differences emerged. Women benefitted more than men from multiple sources of role enhancement and from their work role (even when it enhanced and conflicted with the family). Men’s psychological well-being was neutral to multiple sources of role enhancement, enhanced by multiple sources of role conflict, and compromised by later-life family (when it enhanced and conflicted with work). In conclusion, although men and women experienced multiple roles in unique ways, they overwhelmingly benefitted from socially recognized activities from work and family roles.

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Marshall, Esther. "Identity, Power, and Conflict in Preschool Teaching Teams". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2017. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/6714.

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Despite the common occurrence of teaming in preschool classrooms, very little research has explored the experiences of teachers working in such a context. Due to a high turnover of preschool teachers and a recent change in the educational requirements of lead teachers in Head Start, it is anticipated that the number of young and inexperienced lead teachers is likely to increase. The purpose of this case study research is to illuminate the teaming relationships between young, recently qualified lead teachers and their assistants working together within one classroom. Over the course of a school year, interviews and observations were conducted of two Head Start teaching teams. Five major themes were revealed through data analysis: understanding of roles; organization of work; use and resistance of power; development and management of conflict; and support from within and outside the team. Analysis across the findings of both cases showed that identity and power played a central role in team functioning. The teachers' identities, perceived threats to their identities, and their understanding of the power differential played a significant role in the way the teams organized their work, the way the teachers viewed their roles within the team, and the conflict and support they experienced. Conclusions of the study are discussed through the lens of identity process theory and elements of Bourdieu's theory of power and practice. Implications for teacher professional development and the need for increased institutional support for teaming in preschool is presented.

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Blazina, Christopher (Christopher Douglas). "Masculine Gender Role Conflict: Effects on College Men's Scores of Psychological Well-Being, Chemical Substance Usage, and Attitudes toward Help-Seeking". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1996. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc278498/.

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This purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of Gender Role Conflict upon college men's scores of psychological well-being, substance usage, and attitudes toward psychological help-seeking. It was found that the Success, Power, and Competition variable of Gender Role Conflict was the one variable that was consistently related to the measures of interest. Moreover, it was found to be significantly related to a decrease in psychological well-being, including Trait Anger, Angry Reaction subtype of trait anger, Angry Temperament subtype of trait anger, and Trait Anxiety. It was also found that this same variable was significantly related to increased reports of alcohol usage. Where as four of the possible five Gender Role Conflict variables were related to a negative attitude toward help-seeking, the Success, Power, and Competition variable was most heavily weighted.

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Resnick, Shawna K. "Elizabeth I and the 1559 Act of Uniformity: A Study of the Impact of Gender Roles and Religious Conflict". NSUWorks, 2017. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/65.

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This study, which is entitled, “Elizabeth I and the 1559 Act of Uniformity: A Study of the Impact of Gender Roles and Religious Conflict” analyzes the impact of 16th century gender roles and religious conflict to explain the decision of Elizabeth I, Queen of England from 1558 – 1603, to champion the passage of the Act of Uniformity through Parliament in 1559. Through the analysis of primary sources, specifically Elizabeth’s letters from her childhood through the Act’s passing in 1559, an understanding of these influences on Elizabeth is developed which illuminates important turning points in her life and the subsequent development of her personal desire to mitigate religious conflict in England and to bring unity to her people. The analysis was conducted through the use of historical analysis of primary sources in combination with the use of Narrative Thematic Analysis in order to discover themes within the sources. The themes which emerged then offered insight into Elizabeth’s personal development and her decisions regarding the Act of Uniformity. The focus of this dissertation is guided by the context of 16th century gender roles and the 16th century Protestant Reformation which ultimately laid the foundation for Elizabeth’s birth and directly influenced her education as well as religious and personal development. The impact of gender roles and the expectations placed upon Elizabeth is intertwined with the subsequent religious conflict Elizabeth witnessed in England from her birth. The results focus on illustrating areas of conflict in the 16th century and how each area of conflict is relevant to comprehend if there is to be success in altering the path of both gender conflict and religious conflict in the modern era.

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Carr, Eliann R. "Parental leadership roles & conflict management| Developing family resiliency through parent-child reconciliation". Thesis, University of South Dakota, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1543107.

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Separate theories of leadership roles and parenting styles have been richly developed and explored, but the relationship between the two is an area in need of further research. The various skills garnered through leadership experience can be instrumental for parents in managing and resolving family conflict, thereby increasing family resiliency. The willingness to address conflict directly versus the avoidance of conflict has been summarized into specific patterns that all groups, including families, progress through; however, the degree to which parents initiate reconciliatory actions needs further detailed analysis. Additionally, insight on the importance of parents modeling positive coping strategies will be derived through proper conflict management as a learned adaptive behavior for children. The intent of this grounded theory qualitative study was to explore potential overlap between leadership roles and parenting styles, and how the use of constructive conflict management strategies develops family resiliency. Through the use of semi-structured interviews, this overlap between leadership, parenting, and conflict management was analyzed. Each participant provided a response to open-ended questions regarding their leadership experience, role as a leader in their family, and their perception of family conflict. Next they described how they would respond to hypothetical scenarios incorporating various degrees and approaches to conflict. All the responses were coded and analyzed for themes that resulted in a new theory on family resiliency based on parents' use of minor levels of conflict to teach children the life skills necessary to cope with greater confrontational situations, such as crises or potentially traumatic events.

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Leonard, Katrina. "Precarious work and health: The roles of organisational justice and work-life conflict". Thesis, The University of Sydney, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2123/16932.

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Abstract for Sydney Student (2000 characters including spaces) Precarious work and health: The roles of organisational justice and work-life conflict Precarious or insecure work is a major determinant of health inequalities worldwide. To date, research in this area has focused on the impact of job contracts, work characteristics, and lifestyle factors on health. However, other psycho social factors, such as organisational justice and work-life conflict, have received less attention and may provide critical targets for health intervention. This thesis investigated possible moderating or mediating effects of organisational justice and work-life conflict on the relationship between precarious work and health in Australia. Participants were employees aged 18 to 74 (53% women) from various occupations, organisations, industries, and sectors. Respondents were invited to take part in structured telephone interviews. They were randomly-selected from national databases and drawn from every state and territory of Australia. Participants at Time 1 (N=1015) were invited to take part again six months later; 560 were re-interviewed and the majority (n=509) identified as being employed at Time 2. Structural equation modelling showed that precariousness, organisational justice, and work-life conflict, together explained substantial variance in emotional exhaustion (38%). A double mediation effect was observed whereby distributive justice and strain-based work-life conflict were both shown to mediate the relationship between precariousness and exhaustion with a small effect (β=.13, p=.000). Results indicated that distributive justice and strain-based work-life conflict may both help to explain, rather than mitigate or intensify, the relationship between precariousness and health. Findings were consistent with theories of social exchange and conservation of resources. Facilitating fair outcomes at work and supporting emotional work-life balance may help to promote good health among precarious workers. Organisational justice and work-life balance could be important targets for workplace regulation and labour policy. Keywords: Precarious work, job insecurity, organisational justice, work-life conflict, emotional exhaustion, mental health.

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Boyd, Rebecca Suzanne. "Stable Conflict Resolution Styles and Commitment: Their Roles in Marital Relationship Self-Regulation". BYU ScholarsArchive, 2014. https://scholarsarchive.byu.edu/etd/4190.

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Gottman's (1994a) three stable conflict resolution styles (CRSs), validating, volatile, and avoidant, are different on several dimensions, yet all are predictors of good marital satisfaction. Despite the CRSs equality in marital satisfaction and stability research, teaching couples a validating style is often explicitly more preferential in therapeutic settings. Relationship self-regulation (RSR), described as relationship “work”, is also a strong predictor of relationship satisfaction. Identifying the CRS environment in a relationship that most contributes to the practice of RSR can inform clinical and couple relationship education interventions. Based on its success in improving marital satisfaction in therapeutic settings, a validating CRS was hypothesized to be more closely associated with the practice of RSR by husbands and wives compared to a volatile or avoidant style. A third variable, commitment to the relationship, characterized by a desire to stay rather than an obligation to remain, also was tested as a moderator of the relationship between stable CRSs and RSR. Data from first-married men (856) and women (1406) taking the RELATionship Evaluation (RELATE) online questionnaire was used in correlational and MANCOVA analyses to test the research questions. All three stable CRSs were found to be positively related to RSR. However, the validating style was found to be the most predictive of both RSR effort and strategies compared to the other two styles. Commitment was a moderator between CRSs and RSR for only validating and avoidant CRSs for RSR strategies but not effort. Results generally support the theoretical model tested. Implications for future research and clinical practice are discussed.

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Couzy, Margaux. "Conflicting Roles: Balancing Family and Professional Life - A Challenge for Working Women". Thesis, Linnéuniversitetet, Ekonomihögskolan, ELNU, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:lnu:diva-19019.

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Purpose: This study aims to explore how women’s roles at work and home interact with each other and focuses specifically on role conflicts which may arise. Research questions: Primary question: When and why do role conflicts occur in women’s lives? Secondary questions: (1) What is a role? (2) How do roles affect women’s lives? (3) How do women cope/deal with role conflict? Methodology: Qualitative research and interpretive approach Findings: Theoretical and empirical findings state that role conflicts occur when traditional values, lack of time and unbalanced involvement interfere with how women fulfil their different roles. Moreover, this study analyses the ways that women might have to deal with such conflict by comparing

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Steyl, Johanna Maria Elizabeth. "Conflict between work and non-work roles of employees in the mining industry : prevalence and differences between demographic groups / J.M.E. Steyl". Thesis, North-West University, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/10394/5043.

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The mining industry is acknowledge to be a very stressful and demanding profession, driven by performance and intense working environments, hazardous working conditions and socially undesirable working hours. These factors could impact on the interaction between work and nonwork roles of employees. The objectives of this research were to investigate the prevalence of the different work-nonwork conflict scales and to determine the demographic differences of work-nonwork conflict in a sample of mining employees. A random sample of 245 mining employees was taken from a platinum mine in the Rustenburg area. A newly developed Work-nonwork Interference Scale of Koekemoer (2009), measuring the interference between work and other nonwork roles, was used as measuring instrument. Descriptive statistics, Cronbach alpha coefficients, Paired-sample t-tests, Multivariate analysis of variance (MANOVA) and one-way analysis of variance (ANOVAS) were used to analyse the data. Work-nonwork conflict was more prevalent than nonwork-work conflict. The results also indicated that work-family conflict is more prevalent than work-domestic conflict and work-religion conflict. However, work-domestic conflict was more prevalent than work-religion conflict. Statistically significant differences exist between demographic groups based on marital status and language regarding work-nonwork conflict. The results obtained indicated that African-speaking participants experienced higher levels of private-work conflict compared to Afrikaans and English-speaking participants. The results also revealed that participants who are not married experienced higher levels of private-work conflict than those who are married. Some recommendations made in this study included that the mining industry should focus on providing support in terms of available resources and effectively managed work-nonwork role conflicts. Recommendations for future research include larger sample sizes, administration of questionnaires to various occupational groups, investigation of positive interaction between work and other life roles as well as longitudinal and research designs.
Thesis (M.Com. (Industrial Psychology))--North-West University, Potchefstroom Campus, 2010.

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Phillips, Isabel A. "The ADR / CR Divide: An Autoethnographic Interrogation of its Impact on the Theory and Practice of Mediation". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/17417.

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There is a divide between the fields of Conflict Resolution (CR) and Alternative Dispute Resolution (ADR) that impacts on the transfer of knowledge and skills. This is the central hypothesis investigated and confirmed through analysis of the literatures of the two fields, the responses to a questionnaire to practitioners, and autoethnographic interrogation. A generational analysis of authors is combined with the results of a (N=28) questionnaire with practitioners from both fields. This delineates the divide in the theory and literature as well as how those operating in each field identify, conceptualise mediation and what they read. The autoethnography explores the fundamental impact of on conflict role definitions generally and the mediator specifically. It then looks at the impact of crossing the ADR/CR divide on mediation practice, highlighting the necessity for practitioners of a ‘both and’ approach to skills/ knowledge and attitude/qualities. This leads to the consideration of a framework for mediator competence across the ADR/CR divide. The interaction of the mediators’ normative project and the ability of parties to self-determine is explored practically and ethically. This highlights a range of issues with expectations mediation and mediators and foregrounds the impact on the mediator of the mediator role. It ends with a call for further research using innovative methodologies, such as autoethnography, that illuminate mediation as a relational process.

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Eckart, Emeline. "A Quantitative Study of the Variables that Influence Work-Family Conflict of Female Counselors". ScholarWorks@UNO, 2015. http://scholarworks.uno.edu/td/2067.

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The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between female counselors’ work-family conflict and their demographic (i.e., ethnicity, age, educational level, and annual household income), occupational (i.e., ethnicity, age, educational level, and annual household income), and family (i.e., marital/partner status; number of children at home under the age of 18; age of youngest child; care of elderly, ill, or disabled family members; source of support; and support) characteristics. Super’s (1990) Life-Space Life-Span theory provided a framework to understand female counselors’ engagement in multiple roles in work and family and the conflict that can result in two directions: work interfering with family (WIF), and family interfering with work (FIW) (Frone, Russell, & Cooper, 1992). Female counselors were contacted through electronic email communication in which they received a link to access the online survey that totaled 51 questions. Female counselors from the state of Louisiana and Alabama participated in the survey for a sample size of 266. Pearson’s correlation indicated significant relationships for WIF and the following variables: (a) annual household income, (b) hours per week spent in employment, (c) counseling license, (d) workplace flexibility, (e) autonomy, (f) marital/partner status, and (g) source of support. For FIW, significant relationships were found for the following variables: (a) autonomy; (b) number of children at home under the age of 18; (c) age of the youngest child; (d) care of elderly, ill, or disabled family members; (e) hours per week spent in home chores and errands; and (f) support. Autonomy and hours per week spent in employment significantly predicted female counselors’ WIF scores. Autonomy; age of the youngest child; care of elderly, ill, or disabled family members; and support predicted female counselors’ FIW scores.

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Strachan, Catherine Elizabeth. "The roles of power and gender as determinants of affective responses to intimate conflict". Thesis, University of British Columbia, 1987. http://hdl.handle.net/2429/26928.

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There is a paucity of research studying variables which influence emotional reactions in response to conflict between intimates. The present study examined the roles of power and gender as determinants of affective response to audiotaped scenarios of intimate conflict. Sixty male and 60 female subjects were randomly assigned as either a group leader (high power condition) or group member (low power condition) for the performance of a group task. After receiving their group assignments, subjects completed an affect check list and then listened to an audiotape of a heated conflict between a man and a woman concerning sexual jealousy. Two tapes were presented to control for gender of initiator (i.e., who started the conflict) so that subjects heard either a male-initiated or a female-initiated conflict. After exposure to the conflict stimulus, subjects again completed an affect check list. It was hypothesized that subjects in the high power condition would report more anger than those in the low power condition. In addition, participants in the low power condition would report more anxiety than participants in the high power condition. Also, men were predicted to report more anger than women and women more anxiety than men. The highest anger ratings were found for participants in the low power condition listening to a person of the opposite gender initiate the conflict. This difference was significant for females, although a similar pattern for males was not. Furthermore, an interaction effect was found, with females who had listened to a female-initiated conflict in the high power condition reporting more anger than those in the low power condition, a response pattern that was in the opposite direction to the other three groups. A main effect was found for power, with participants in the low power condition reporting more anger than their high power counterparts. In addition, the results partially supported the hypothesis-regarding anxiety, with subjects in the low power condition reporting significantly more anxiety than those in the high power condition. These results, however, were limited to the male-initiated conflict. A significant gender difference was found for both the anger and anxiety ratings with women reporting more of both affect clusters than men. The results support the basic contention that power and gender are important determinants of affective responses to intimate conflict. The results are discussed in terms of the expectations and cognitions created by power and gender stereotypes and their influence on the process of labelling emotions within the context of intimate conflict.
Arts, Faculty of
Psychology, Department of
Graduate

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Donati, Laura. "Viewing Post-Conflict Gender Equality Through a Vulnerability Lens". Thesis, Umeå universitet, Umeå centrum för genusstudier (UCGS), 2020. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:umu:diva-172604.

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Natural disasters and conflicts are not gender neutral. They have a different impact on women, girls, boys and men, deepening and intensifying already existing, socially constructed, cultural norms and gender roles. However, crisis represents a “turning point” that shakes balances and traditions, unbalancing the fixed social structure, leaving room for women to exit the crisis empowered, rather than wounded. A systemic integration of a gender-sensitive approach into humanitarian and disaster reliefs operations wound tackle pre-existing inequalities, ensuring an effective quality response and recover from disasters.

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Kibwage, Stephen Sakawa. "Role-Based Access Control Administration of Security Policies and Policy Conflict Resolution in Distributed Systems". NSUWorks, 2015. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/gscis_etd/30.

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Security models using access control policies have over the years improved from Role-based access control (RBAC) to newer models which have added some features like support for distributed systems and solving problems in older security policy models such as identifying policy conflicts. Access control policies based on hierarchical roles provide more flexibility in controlling system resources for users. The policies allow for granularity when extended to have both allow and deny permissions as well as weighted priority attribute for the rules in the policies. Such flexibility allows administrators to succinctly specify access for their system resources but also prone to conflict. This study found that conflicts in access control policies were still a problem even in recent literature. There have been successful attempts at using algorithms to identify the conflicts. However, the conflicts were only identified but not resolved or averted and system administrators still had to resolve the policy conflicts manually. This study proposed a weighted attribute administration model (WAAM) containing values that feed the calculation of a weighted priority attribute. The values are tied to the user, hierarchical role, and secured objects in a security model to ease their administration and are included in the expression of the access control policy. This study also suggested a weighted attribute algorithm (WAA) using these values to resolve any conflicts in the access control policies. The proposed solution was demonstrated in a simulation that combined the WAAM and WAA. The simulation's database used WAAM and had data records for access control policies, some of which had conflicts. The simulation then showed that WAA could both identify and resolve access control policy (ACP) conflicts while providing results in sub-second time. The WAA is extensible so implementing systems can extend WAA to meet specialized needs. This study shows that ACP conflicts can be identified and resolved during authorization of a user into a system.

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Rudawsky, Donald J. "EFFECTS OF GENDER, ROLES, DIRECTED THOUGHT, AND NEGATIVE AFFECT IN CONFLICTS BETWEEN PEERS". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2001. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin990022714.

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Blomstrand, Evelyn, i Ellen Eklund. "Rollen som pappa i fokus : En kvalitativ socialpsykologisk studie om mäns upplevelser av rollen som pappa". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsa och lärande, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-15221.

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Det svenska samhället präglas av en jämställdhetsdebatt där regeringen genom sociopolitiska åtgärder aktivt arbetar med att jämställa kvinnor och män. Det har skett förändringar i hur faderskapet och pappans roll framställs i samhället vilket resulterar i nya attribut på rollen som pappa. Denna studie syftar till att beskriva och skapa förståelse för mäns upplevelser av rollen som pappa. Studien är av kvalitativ ansats och genomförd med hjälp av tio semistrukturerade intervjuer. Teoretiska utgångspunkter är rolltagande och socialisation, normer köns- och genusroller samt rollkonflikt. Urvalsgruppen består av män som blivit pappor efter senaste revideringen i föräldraförsäkringslagen 2016-01-01 och är sammanboende med barnets mamma. Datan analyserades med hjälp av fenomenologisk analys. Resultatet visade att männen upplevde rollen som pappa präglad av ansvar, delaktighet och jämställd med den andre föräldern. Männen upplevde att det tog tid att socialiseras in i rollen som pappa där den sociala omgivningen och normer samt den egna pappans antagande av rollen som pappa påverkade. Männen upplevde att traditionella könsroller allt mer suddas ut vilket resulterade i förändrade attityder från omgivningen där främst arbetsgivarens stödjande förhållningssätt beskrevs uppmuntrande till att ta ut föräldraledighet.
The Swedish society is characterized of an ongoing gender equal debate where the government through social policy measures is actively working on equating men and women. There have been many changes about how fatherhood and the father's role is portrayed in the society which results in new attribute to the father’s role. This qualitative study aims to describe how men experience their role as a father in contemporary time. The study uses ten semi-structured interviews as an instrument. Role-takingand socialization, norms and gender roles and role-conflict, social normsand gender roleis constituted as theoretical framework. The sample consists of men who have children born after the latest revision of parental leave insurance 2016-01-01 and are cohabiting with the child’s mother. The data were analyzed by using a phenomenological analysis. The result showed that the men perceived their role as a father as being characterized by responsibility, participation and equal to the other parent. The men perceived that it took time to socialize in to the role as a father were the social environment, norms and also their own fathers role affected them when taking on the role as a father. The traditional gender roles are changing which results in transformed attitudes from the social environment where mainly the employers supporting approach was described to encourage the respondents to take out parental leave.

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Lepone, Mayo Nicole K. "An analysis of student affairs professionals' management of role conflict and multiple roles in relation to work/life balance". University of Cincinnati / OhioLINK, 2013. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ucin1368012963.

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Söderholm, Sarah. "”Jag är militär” : En undersökande studie i hur rollskiftet sker mellan yrkesroll och civil med utgångspunkt i uniformen för Försvarsmaktens soldater". Thesis, Uppsala universitet, Sociologiska institutionen, 2012. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:uu:diva-175286.

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Den svenska Försvarsmakten är en myndighet med en annorlunda vardag för de anställda. Att arbeta som soldat inom försvaret är ett yrke som bidrar till stora kontraster hos de anställda, genom att växla mellan rollerna som yrkesverksam soldat till att vara civil. Vardagen är även annorlunda utifrån de arbetskläder som används, uniformer. Denna studie är gjord med utgångspunkt i vad uniformen har för del i det skifte som sker när en soldat växlar mellan yrkesroll och civil roll. Kvalitativa intervjuer har gjorts om sex informanter, på soldat- och gruppchefsnivå. Frågeställningarna till intervjupersonerna har varit; hur ser du på skiftet som sker när du går till/hem från jobbet, hur upplever du detta skifte samt uppstår det en konflikt vid detta skifte? De teorier som har använts är från Erving Goffmans dramaturgiska teori om teaterscenen. Resultatet visar på ett rollskifte och att reflektionen över skiftet är varierat.
”I AM a Soldier” is an analytical examination of the shifting roles enacted by soldiers in the Swedish Armed Forces as a direct result of specific changes caused by the uniform itself. The Swedish Armed Forces is an organization providing a unique workday for its employees, displaying a strong contrast to those employed in civilian professions. Everyday life in the working environment is also markedly different due to the particular dress code: military uniforms. This study is conducted on the basis that the uniform is a part of the shift that happens between different roles. Qualitative interviews were conducted on six subjects, from the lowest-ranking soldiers to squadron leaders. The central questions were; How do you observe the shift that happens when you go to/leave work? How do you experience this shift, and is there a conflict when it happens? The ideas employed come from Erving Goffman’s dramaturgical theory of the theatre. The results demonstrate that the reflection of the shift in roles is varied, and that there is an interesting change when the shift in roles takes place.

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Sandberg, Jonas. "Placing a spouse in a care home for older people : (re)-constructing roles and relationships /". Linköping : Univ, 2001. http://www.bibl.liu.se/liupubl/disp/disp2001/med710s.pdf.

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Wood, J. C. "Defining the role of the African Union Peace and Architecture (APSA) : a reconceptualisation of the roles of institutions". Thesis, Coventry University, 2012. http://curve.coventry.ac.uk/open/items/c211face-e5d4-40ae-bb90-d41d0dff935d/1.

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At its core, this research project is a revision of how we conceptualise the role of international organisations. The concept of role is often invoked International Relations when discussing the function of institutions like the African Peace and Security Architecture (APSA), but its full meaning in this context has never been problematised, leading to varying perceptions of its meaning and a lack of common understanding in the discourse. In the case of the APSA, this lack of common understanding has led to a wide variance in how the role of the APSA is categorised, and a corresponding discrepancy in assessments of the institution’s success and utility, which has had a knock-on effect on policy recommendations, which also differ wildly from author to author. This thesis devises technical definitions for the various ways in which the word role is utilised in International Relations and related fields, and in so doing, aims to standardise our understanding of the role of institutions, using the APSA as a case study. After developing a new technical definition of role based on Role Theory, the thesis develops a research programme which sets out to investigate the true role of the APSA, based on an examination of how the APSA’s role has been shaped by key limiting and enabling factors, and how this role is shaped and influenced, and directed; all the while highlighting how it differs from the organisation’s stated role, and scholarly perceptions of that role.

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Yak, John Maluk. "Identity-Based Cultural Paradigms, Trauma, and Interethnic Conflict in South Sudan". ScholarWorks, 2016. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/3077.

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In 2011, South Sudan became independent through the agreement and implementation of the comprehensive peace agreement (CPA). However, interethnic conflict also escalated. This cycle of violence impacts the psychological and physical health of local society. When violence between ethnic groups escalates, civilians may be forced to flee their homes. This study employed a phenomenological research approach that examined the views and experiences of the recruited 13 members from the state of Jonglei; 5 members of the Dinka, 3 members of the Murle, and 5 members of the Nuer ethnic groups residing in the United States. In an attempt to understand the root causes of the conflict between ethnic groups, this research used a qualitative study plan that examined interethnic politics, perceptions, and beliefs among South Sudanese ethnic groups: Dinka, Murle, and Nuer. In addition, this study examined the presence of armed ethnic groups, the use of guns, and the relationship between trauma caused by past exposure or experience of violence and subsequent interethnic groups conflict. Data were analyzed with descriptive and patterned coding. The 5 identified themes from analysis of the collected data were: roles of ethnic identity, lack of trust in the system of the distribution of resources, roles of ethnic politicians, uncontrollable use of guns and defense of ethnic territory. In addition, the past war incidents between ethnic groups have a negative impact on the present relationship. The findings of this research may create positive social change for ethnic groups and for communities who may use it as an opportunity to understand their own problems and to establish an ethnic advocacy type of conflict resolution in South Sudan.

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Vigurs, Katharine. "Reconceptualising conflict and consensus within partnership working : the roles of overlapping communities and dynamic social ties". Thesis, Staffordshire University, 2009. http://eprints.staffs.ac.uk/1170/.

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Partnership is a dominant theme of public policy and service provision in England and in other western countries. It is also a concept that remains relatively under-researched and under-theorised, especially with respect to conceptualising underlying relational processes that can shape conflict and consensus within partnerships. This thesis draws on a richly textured ethnographic study, using an in-depth casestudy of a voluntarily-founded, network-like, cross-sectoral partnership, which aimed to develop and implement a community learning centre in the village parish of Broadley, located in the English Midlands. The research sees fieldwork conducted over twenty-four months, using multiple methods of qualitative data-generation including the observation of partnership meetings and activities, semi-structured interviews and the collection of partnership artefacts (meeting minutes, funding bid document, emails). It presents an ethnographic view of the inner workings of one partnership and follows its entire lifecycle. This partnership was not sustained and did not realise the vision to which it aspired. A central concern of this thesis is to investigate the development of conflict and consensus within partnership practice. The contribution of the thesis is to tease out how these elements are understood. This study challenges naive texts that prescribe simplistic, recipe-based formulas for achieving partnership success. Instead, it illustrates what can happen when partners do not develop sufficiently strong and balanced sets of social ties between one another. Consequently, this thesis sets up a new research agenda focusing more specifically on issues of community overlaps, identities and social ties. This thesis has value in terms of providing a deeply relational account of challenges facing the development of one cross-sectoral, network-like partnership. It draws together insights from partnership literature, community literature and fieldwork,and provides a strong basis from which further research can be developed.

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Hassan, Mohamed Sheikh Esak. "Primary School Principals’ Perceptions of their Role and Experiences within the Protracted Conflict Regions of Somalia". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/26278.

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While the role of the school principal has received much attention in stable environments, little research exists on principals working in conflict-affected countries. The purpose of this phenomenological study is to uncover perceptions of Somali principals in Mogadishu regarding their roles and lived experiences, as well as the challenges they face as they lead their schools amid ongoing conflict. In order to understand the different dimensions of the principal’s role and how this role is experienced in such a context, a descriptive phenomenology has been employed. A purposeful sample of eight primary school principals in Mogadishu, which has been the epicentre of the ongoing conflict, was indentified and the principals were interviewed. Through the six-step approach to phenomenological data analysis, as suggested by Creswell (2013), 11 themes were identified. Findings revealed that principals perceived their role as supporting teachers personally and professionally, supervising instruction, facilitating teacher professional development when the security situation permits, having good relationships with governing bodies, and building community collaboration. Findings also showed that, besides security concerns, student mobility, poor facilities, shortage of trained teachers and student discipline were the major challenges to principals. Findings further indicated that principals acted as boundary spanners using a variety of buffering and bridging strategies in an attempt to minimize uncertainty and security risks, as well as to adapt the school to the volatile environment. Furthermore, commitment to keep schools open, despite the huge challenges, a sense of responsibility for student safety, and calm and courageous actions in the face of danger were perceived as critical factors in sustaining principals in their positions. Four conclusions were drawn from the study, including principals’ lack of unity in the perception of their roles, principals’ lack of pre-service training, the possibility and essentiality of providing education during armed conflicts, and the importance of creating strong bonds through principals’ supportive roles. Recommendations were offered for primary principals, local educational umbrellas, NGOs, and UN agencies, as well as for further research possibilities.

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Mosimege, Keolebogile Betty. "Multiplicity of roles experiences of mature women students in a higher education setting /". Diss., Pretoria : [s.n.], 2006. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-09182007-115401.

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Harrilal, Sohana. "Exploring the coping strategies used by South African Hindu mothers to manage work-family conflict". Master's thesis, Faculty of Commerce, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/32661.

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This study explored the experiences of employed South African Hindu mothers. The purpose of the exploration was to better understand the coping strategies that these mothers used to deal with their work and family role expectations. South African Hindu mothers are a subset of people who originate from traditional or collectivistic, cultural backgrounds, yet, live in a society in which workplaces subscribe to mainly, Western business practices. By exploring the coping strategies of this collectivistic cultural group in South Africa, the implications are relevant to what is known about coping with work and family demands. Secondary analysis of qualitative data led to the findings of this research. Twenty, unstructured, in-depth interviews allowed participants to share their stories as they wanted. From these stories, findings were that South African Hindu mothers used internal psychological processes, and, external processes to cope with their family and work demands. Internal processes included, reappraisal, ideals on duty, guilt, gratitude and acceptance. External processes included coping by externalising feelings, being supported by others, and, planning and organising. The research considers the influence of cultural norms and traditions juxtaposed by a modern way of living in relation to coping with the demands of work and family expectations. Future studies may benefit from building knowledge on how collectivism shapes coping and what is known about coping for additional, collectivistic cultural groups, particularly, within the South African context

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Quattlebaum, Justin L. "Grandmother Social Support and Psychological Adjustment in Latina Adolescent Mothers: Clarifying the Roles of Acculturation and Conflict". Kent State University / OhioLINK, 2010. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=kent1290115694.

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Agoha, Christopher. "Violent peace in Liberia : a study of the roles and ambitions of ex-combatants". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/15060.

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Liberia emerged from 14 years of brutal civil conflict, demobilized and “reintegrated” large numbers of ex-combatants, but there are still concerns about ex-combatants’ re-engagement in violence. Yet, adequate knowledge and empirical evidence about this are still sketchy. Qualitative fieldwork among ex-combatants conducted in five locations in Monrovia from 2012-2013, suggests that ex-combatants are re-marginalized. This research presents excombatants’ current status, their re-marginalization, and factors indicative of their re-engagement in violence in post-conflict Liberia. The study contends that ex-combatants were apparently not satisfied with the outcome of the DDRR programme, as it failed to reintegrate them successfully. The study developed a four dimensional analytical framework that includes, (a) re-marginalization (b) re-criminalization (c) exploitation, and (d) economic insecurity, which are then applied to the outcome of the reintegration of ex-combatants in Liberia. On the basis of the data collected in fieldwork, the analytical framework reveals how these factors and dynamics interacted and facilitated the occurrence of violence. The study argues that an awareness of ex-combatants’ vulnerability and re-marginalization should put state actors in a position to better predict their violent inclinations. It further notes that ex-combatant re-engagement in violence is largely manifested at the political and economic levels and this has the potential to lead to a renewed conflict if not mitigated. This study by no means completes the tasks of research and analysis on violence and excombatants, but it outlines theoretical propositions and conclusions, which can hopefully spark further debate and collective efforts among researchers to push this field of study forward.

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Guyo, Fatuma Boru. "Historical Perspectives on the Role of Women in Peace-making and Conflict Resolution in Tana River District, Kenya, 1900 to Present". Miami University / OhioLINK, 2009. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=miami1250035255.

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Jarrell, Kimberly A. "Job-related diversity and service team outcomes: New insights into the roles of task structure and process conflict". Related electronic resource: Current Research at SU : database of SU dissertations, recent titles available full text, 2002. http://wwwlib.umi.com/cr/syr/main.

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Farrington, Joanna. "A study investigating the realtionship between parental conflict, self-concept and the roles children play in bullying situations". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2007. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.497235.

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Bullying in schools is a growing international concern as the consequences of bullying and victimisation have been shown to be far-reaching. With the aim of developing effective anti-bullying interventions, previous research has investigated. The factors situated within the child's family and within the child themselves that are considered to be the causes of childhood bullying. An underdeveloped area in the literature was in relation to the protective characteristics of children who are at risk of bullying, specifically how the characteristics of children mediate or moderate the ettects ot negative tamily experiences on bullying behaviours.

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Blizzard, Sarah Marie. "Women's roles in the 1994 Rwanda genocide and the empowerment of women in the aftermath". Thesis, Available online, Georgia Institute of Technology, 2006, 2006. http://etd.gatech.edu/theses/available/etd-07062006-212615/.

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Ogega, Jacqueline Christine. "Faith, gender and peacebuilding : the roles of women of faith in peacebuilding in the conflict between the Gusii and Maasai of south-western Kenya". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2014. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/7289.

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This thesis explores the roles of women of faith in peacebuilding in the conflict between the Gusii and Maasai of South-western Kenya. While religion has at times legitimated women’s exclusion and predominantly created male religious elite figures in peacebuilding, I demonstrate how women of faith deploy religious resources for peace. Acting within complex unequal gendered socio-cultural conditions and positions, the women of faith deploy religious faith as an identity, motivation, and legitimating moral authority and voice in peacebuilding. Gendered barriers hinder them from finding status and a place in formal peacebuilding mechanisms alongside males, but still the women of faith struggle and develop an attitude and disposition of moral influence, and faith power that facilitates them to act as agents in peacebuilding. The women of faith deploy religious resources in mourning and burial rituals of healing and reconciliation, in everyday spiritual practices of sharing lives, and through services that provide security and protection especially for children, the elderly, the injured and the infirm. Religion enables women to establish protective infrastructure through women of faith networks and organizations that provide services to the community, mobilize human capital, and conduct outreach and community engagement. I show that even as the women of faith deploy these religious resources for peacebuilding, they recognize the gendered barriers they are faced with and the public peacebuilding mechanisms that they are excluded from. Deployment of religious resources for peacebuilding intersects with gender identities and relations, and in some instances religious faith transcends established gender norms and gendered barriers or even removes them.

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Nord, Ellen, i Emma Svensson. "Kriminalvårdarens yrkesroll : En kvalitativ studie om kriminalvårdares upplevelser om vilka förväntningar som finns på deras yrkesroll". Thesis, Högskolan i Skövde, Institutionen för hälsovetenskaper, 2021. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:his:diva-19697.

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En kriminalvårdare bemöter många olika förväntningar på sig i sin yrkesroll, och att veta vad som förväntas av en är en viktig faktor för arbetsmiljön och hälsan. Därav är syftet med denna studie att undersöka kriminalvårdares upplevelser om vilka förväntningar som finns på deras yrkesroll inom organisationen och vilka negativa konsekvenser detta kan medföra. Studien tillämpar också frågan i ett genusperspektiv och studerar om förväntningarna skiljer sig åt mellan kvinnor och män. Teoretiska utgångspunkter som används i studien är det dramaturgiska perspektivet, genusteorier, emotionellt arbete,konformitet samt ingrupp- och utgrupp. Metoden som används är en kvalitativ metod i form av semistrukturerade intervjuer där tio respondenter mellan 23 – 50 år deltar. Därefter görs en analys med hjälp av tematisk analysmetod. Resultatet visar att det finns motstridiga förväntningar på yrkesrollen i form av en vårdande roll samt en kontrollerande roll. Det framkommer att genusskillnader finns på så sätt att manliga kriminalvårdare förväntas inta den kontrollerande rollen medan den kvinnliga förväntas inta den vårdande rollen. Resultatet visar att förväntningarna medför negativa konsekvenser för den enskilde kriminalvårdaren i form av emotionella påfrestningar samt att de kan behöva gå emot sina egna värderingar. Negativa konsekvenser visar sig också i form av konflikter inom personalgruppen där det uppstår vi-mot-dem.
A prison guard meets many different expectations in his or her professional role, and to knowing what is expected of yourself is an important factor for the work environment and health. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to examine prison guard’s perceptions of what expectations there are of their professional role within the organization and what negative consequences this may entail. The study also applies the issue in a gender perspective and studies whether expectations differ between women and men. Theoretical starting points used in the study are the dramaturgical perspective, gender theories, emotional work, conformity and in-group and out-group. The method used is a qualitative method in terms of semi-structured interviews in which ten respondents between the ages of 23-50 participate. Then an analysis is made using a thematic analysis method. The results show that there are conflicting expectations of the professional role in terms of a caring role and a controlling role. It appears that gender differences exist in such a way that male prison guards take the controlling role while the female guards takes the caring role. The results show that the expectations have negative consequences for the individual prison guard in terms of emotional strain guard and they also have to go against their own values. Negative consequences also manifest themselves in terms of conflicts within the working group where we-against-them occurs.

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Alghunaim, Ghadah Ghunaim Rashid. "Conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran| An Examination of Critical Factors Inhibiting their Positive Roles in the Middle East". Thesis, Nova Southeastern University, 2015. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=3687984.

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Since 1979, Saudi-Iranian relations have been tense due to their position as superior powers in the Middle East. Both countries have different values and perspectives in regards to diplomatic relations with the West. As a consequence of the new developments in Iran's foreign policy and the newfound openness to the West adopted by President Rouhani, the topic has proven to be of research interest. The primary concern of this research was to explore the effect of the conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran in the Middle East, and whether or not there is a possibility to overcome this conflict using the new political developments. For this purpose, a content analysis methodology was employed.

Through an analysis of data presented in the literature review, which consisted of scholarly articles, policy briefs, and books, this dissertation examines the complex political relations through which the pattern of the bilateral relations explain the conflicting narratives. This complexity is present in the political actions taken by Iran and Saudi Arabia, as well as the domestic and foreign policies they are embracing. The findings of this study demonstrate the effect of this conflict in the Middle East. The research also proposes a number of possible recommendations on how to resolve this conflict through political openness and reciprocal agreements that target the citizens of Iran and Saudi Arabia.

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Alghunaim, Ghadah. "Conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran: An Examination of Critical Factors Inhibiting their Positive Roles in the Middle East". NSUWorks, 2014. http://nsuworks.nova.edu/shss_dcar_etd/19.

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Since 1979, Saudi-Iranian relations have been tense due to their position as superior powers in the Middle East. Both countries have different values and perspectives in regards to diplomatic relations with the West. As a consequence of the new developments in Iran's foreign policy and the newfound openness to the West adopted by President Rouhani, the topic has proven to be of research interest. The primary concern of this research was to explore the effect of the conflict between Saudi Arabia and Iran in the Middle East, and whether or not there is a possibility to overcome this conflict using the new political developments. For this purpose, a content analysis methodology was employed. Through an analysis of data presented in the literature review, which consisted of scholarly articles, policy briefs, and books, this dissertation examines the complex political relations through which the pattern of the bilateral relations explain the conflicting narratives. This complexity is present in the political actions taken by Iran and Saudi Arabia, as well as the domestic and foreign policies they are embracing. The findings of this study demonstrate the effect of this conflict in the Middle East. The research also proposes a number of possible recommendations on how to resolve this conflict through political openness and reciprocal agreements that target the citizens of Iran and Saudi Arabia.

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Kampangkaew, Phairot. "A Study of the Percepts in Leadership Roles of Department Chairpersons in the Faculty of Education at Six Teacher Colleges". Thesis, University of North Texas, 1992. https://digital.library.unt.edu/ark:/67531/metadc332615/.

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The focus of this study is a comparison of the perceptions and expectations of the leadership role and function of the department chairpersons in the faculty of education by the respective department chairpersons, deans, and all faculty members from each of the six public teacher colleges in Bangkok, Thailand. In conclusion, role conflict between the department chairpersons can be reduced if the department chairpersons concentrate on the expectations of faculty members. The department chairpersons need to reevaluate their leader behavior in relation to both deans and faculty members in order to fulfill the organizational goals and personal needs.

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MacDonald, Geoffrey Graham. "The roles of self-esteem and alcohol in relationship conflict and aggression, do insecurity and intoxication lead to lashing out?" Thesis, National Library of Canada = Bibliothèque nationale du Canada, 2000. http://www.collectionscanada.ca/obj/s4/f2/dsk2/ftp03/NQ53504.pdf.

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Kim, Hak Yoon. "The Working Mom’s Tug of War: Trajectories of Work-Family Conflict and the Buffering Roles of Job and Family Satisfaction". Case Western Reserve University School of Graduate Studies / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=case1562651076556247.

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