Artykuły w czasopismach na temat „Rodents”
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S, Javid. "Molecular Detection and Genetic Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii using SAG1 & 18SrRNA Genes in Rodents of Golestan Province, Northeast of IRAN". Open Access Journal of Veterinary Science & Research 2, nr 4 (2017): 1–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.23880/oajvsr-16000142.
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Background : Toxoplasma parasite is from Toxoplasmatidea family that initially was seen in Ctinodactylus Gondii rodent. Toxoplasma parasites that extracted from different rodents are same in immunologic and morphologic characteristics but have differences in pathogenicity and genotypes in mice. The rodents are most reservoir host in environment that by attention of human environment vicinity to rodent's environment causes Toxoplasma dispersio n in that area. The aim of this study was abundance detection of toxoplasmosis in rodents of golestan province using SAG1 and 18SrRNA genes. Materials and methods : In this study we collected 285 rodents from Golestan forest and extracted brain and heart t issues to obtain DNA of SAG1 and 18SrRNA genes from these tissues. We divided these rodents to 4 groups and then detected the positive samples by PCR method. Results : In this study we found 68 samples of these rodents were positive for SAG1 and 18SrRNA ge nes. 38 samples were Ratus ratus, 10 samples were Ratus norvegicus, 10samples were Mus musculus and 10 samples were Rombumys opimus. Conclusion and Discussion : in this study we found that the different types of rodents were responsible to spread of toxopl asmosis, also SAG1 and 18SrRNA genes were very useful markers to detect toxoplasmosis in rodents of northeast area of IRAN.
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WANG, WEI, LANCE A. DURDEN i RENFU SHAO. "A new species of sucking louse (Psocodea: Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Hoplopleuridae) from the pale field rat, Rattus tunneyi (Rodentia: Muridae), in Australia". Zootaxa 5091, nr 3 (14.01.2022): 85–94. http://dx.doi.org/10.11646/zootaxa.5091.3.7.
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We describe and illustrate a new species of sucking louse, Hoplopleura tunneya new species, from the Australian pale field rat, Rattus tunneyi Thomas (Rodentia: Muridae). Currently, 22 species of the genus Hoplopleura Enderlein, 1904 (Phthiraptera: Anoplura: Hoplopleuridae) are known from Australian endemic rodents. Among the seven “new endemic” rodent species of the genus Rattus in Australia, R. tunneyi is one of five hosts to Hoplopleura lice. In addition, we give a list of all the species of Hoplopleura known from Australian endemic rodents. Including the introduced species Polyplax spinulosa, the total number of sucking louse species known from Australian endemic rodents is now 24.
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Silveira, Erick E., Caio Biasi, Amilton Cesar Santos, Helton Carlos Sabino Pereira, Helen Abud, Antonio Lisboa Neto, João Marcos Leite i Antonio Chaves Assis Neto. "Description of the terminal branches of the abdominal aorta in capybaras Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Linnaeus, 1766 (Mammalia: Rodentia)". Brazilian Journal of Biological Sciences 5, nr 11 (2018): 773–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.21472/bjbs.051115.
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The capybara Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris Linnaeus, 1766 (Mammalia: Rodentia) is the largest rodent in the world, with great economic potential. Exceeding 80 kg, the animal always lives close to water bodies and its hierarchical flocks have a single dominant male. Current study analyzes the structure and positioning of the terminal branches of the capybara's abdominal aorta to identify clinical pathologies, surgical and radiological procedures, and to contribute towards the knowledge of the rodent's anatomy. The abdominal aorta and its final branches (internal iliac artery, external iliac artery and median sacral artery) of six animals were dissected. Results showed that the organs were very similar to those registered in the literature for other species of rodents.
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Dexter, Nick, Robert C. Dowler, Joseph P. Flanagan, Sharelle Hart, Marcia A. Revelez i Thomas E. Lee Jr. "The influence of Feral Cats Felis catus on the distribution and abundance of introduced and endemic Galápagos rodents". Pacific Conservation Biology 10, nr 4 (2004): 210. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc040210.
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The impact of feral cats on the distribution and abundance of endemic and introduced rodents in the Gal�pagos Islands, Ecuador was assessed by sampling the rodent fauna of islands with and without cats. All islands where endemic rodents are known to have previously occurred were sampled. No new species of rodent or species considered extinct were recorded, but all species of endemic rodents believed to be extant were recorded. All islands sampled had rodents, but no endemic rodents were recorded on islands with cats. To examine whether endemic rodents had a potentially higher susceptibility to predation by cats compared to introduced rodents, the aversion of rodents to the scent of cats was tested by placing dried cat faeces on every second trap at each site trapped and the difference in trap success between endemic and introduced rodents compared. Introduced rodents on islands with feral cats were significantly less likely to enter traps with cat faeces compared to endemic and introduced rodents on islands without cats. This suggests that Gal�pagos endemic rodents may be more susceptible to predation by cats than introduced rodents because of the lack of an innate aversion to cats.
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Amori, Giovanni, Guido Alari Esposito i Luca Luiselli. "Known from a handful of specimens: analyzing the worldwide patterns of occurrence and conservation of rodents and shrews recorded only from the type locality". Journal of Threatened Taxa 8, nr 3 (26.03.2016): 8556. http://dx.doi.org/10.11609/jott.2405.8.3.8556-8563.
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Traditionally, conservation research has not focused on Rodentia and Soricomorpha, and many species are known from a handful of specimens and the type locality only (few and type locality species (FETP)). Here we studied the patterns of occurrence of FETP rodents and soricomorphs in relation to geographical area and vegetation zones and report some conservation considerations. Overall, 91 species of Rodentia and 19 species of Soricomorpha were selected. There was a positive correlation between number of species per genus and number of FETP species in each genus. The majority of FETP rodents occur in the Neotropical, Afrotropical and Oriental regions, and soricomorphs in the Afrotropical and Oriental regions. Higher numbers of FETP rodent species occurred in Argentina and Indonesia. There was a positive relationship between species richness of rodents per country and number of FETP species. In terms of habitat type, FETP species of rodents and soricomorphs showed similar patterns, with most species being found in rainforest. The great majority of selected species of both groups were Data Deficient (DD), with Critically Endangered (CR) accounting for 16.5% of Rodentia and 5.3% of Soricomorpha. Overall, IUCN threatened species mostly occur in the Neotropical region, followed by the Afrotropical region. It is urged that IUCN authorities should promptly revise all FETP species and their precautionary CR status, at least when a reasonable timespan (i.e., >25 years) has passed since the last records.
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Mawanda, Patrick, Innocent Rwego, John J Kisakye i Douglas Sheil. "Rodents as potential hosts and reservoirs of parasites along the edge of a Central African forest: Bwindi impenetrable national park, South Western Uganda". African Health Sciences 20, nr 3 (7.10.2020): 1168–78. http://dx.doi.org/10.4314/ahs.v20i3.20.
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Background: Rodents which constitute 42% of the world’s mammalian population are major reservoirs of pathogens that cause zoonoses. Currently we know little about rodents’ potential zoonotic transfer from human settlements into protected areas and how any such threats might be reduced.
Objective: To investigate the role of rodents as reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens along the boundary of Bwindi.
Methods: A rodent inventory in three villages along the edge of Bwindi, was carried using live trapping techniques and the local rodents’ ecto and endoparasite fauna investigated.
Results: Two hundred eighty eight rodents captured belonged to 24 species, 17 genera and 4 families with Lophuromys aquilus being most abundant (30.2%). 240 ectoparasites which included mites, fleas and ticks were collected from 88 rodents out of 249. Proamys jacksoni rodents were most infested. Although the mites represented the largest proportion (84.6%), the highest species diversity was shown among the fleas (9 species). Some 36.9% of the rodents were infected with endopara- sites of which L. aquilus haboured most. Endoparasitic genera identified included Nippostrongylus, Ascaris, Strongyloides, Trichuris, Hymenolepis, Taenia and Cryptosporidium.
Conclusion: Rodents have a zoonotic potentiality. There is need for developing effective integrated rodent management programs against rodent to reduce chances of parasite transmission within the protected areas.
Keywords: Bwind; human disease; mountain gorillas; rodents; transmission.
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Best, Ian Nicholas, Pei-Jen Lee Shaner, Kurtis Jai-Chyi Pei i Chi-Chien Kuo. "Farmers’ Knowledge, Attitudes, and Control Practices of Rodents in an Agricultural Area of Taiwan". Agronomy 12, nr 5 (12.05.2022): 1169. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/agronomy12051169.
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Rodents threaten agricultural industries and food security on a global scale. Rodent management practices routinely involve the use of chemical products, mainly anticoagulant rodenticides (ARs). An understanding of farmer rodent control behaviors is crucial in order to implement management changes to more environmentally friendly practices. In this study, we surveyed farmers in an agricultural area of northwestern Taiwan on their knowledge, attitudes, and control practices for rodent pests. From our survey sample of 126 farmers, rodents were perceived to be the most problematic for vegetable crops, followed by rice, and then fruit. Farmers in the oldest age group and those that perceived rodents to cause extensive damage to their crops were found to have the most negative attitudes toward the pests. One-third of the farmers in our survey stated they currently use rodenticides, with crop type, perceived problems caused by rodents, and attitudes toward rodents found to be important explanatory variables. Our results indicate that the use of rodenticides is reactive; farmers are more likely to apply the chemical products if they perceive rodents to cause damage. Additionally, cost–benefit assessments are likely important in governing rodent control behaviors; farmers may be more inclined to use control products that are subsidized by the government, which include ARs, when they observe damage to their crops inflicted by rodents. We also describe how ecologically based rodent management (EBRM) practices could be feasible and sustainable alternatives to rodenticide use.
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Hogstad, Olav. "Hunting strategies by Siberian Jays Perisoreus infaustus on wintering small rodents". Ornis Norvegica 39 (9.08.2016): 25. http://dx.doi.org/10.15845/on.v39i0.1031.
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The Siberian Jay Perisoreus infaustus, the smallest of west Palearctic corvids, is year-round resident, territorial and stores food prior to the winter. I studied the species’ hunting strategies on small rodents from November through March during 2004–2015 in a subalpine mixed forest in central Norway. Along a fixed track of ca. 5 km, I recorded where a flock of Siberian Jays was first observed. In years when small rodents (mainly bank voles Myodes glareolus) were abundant, the birds were most often seen in trees near open areas with numerous tracks of rodents, and mainly within the forest in years with low rodent abundance. In cold days, i.e. with ambient temperature below –10 oC, very few tracks of small rodents were registered in the snow despite high rodent abundance, and the birds then stayed within the forest. Siberian Jays apparently often stay near open areas hunting for small rodents running in the snow in years with a high rodent abundance, but keep more within the forest in years with low rodent abundance or in cold weather when the rodents live below the snow surface.
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Reed, A. W., G. A. Kaufman i D. W. Kaufman. "Rodent seed predation and GUDs: effect of burning and topography". Canadian Journal of Zoology 83, nr 10 (1.10.2005): 1279–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/z05-124.
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We examined the relationships between seed predation and the habitat into which a seed falls, abundance of rodents within that habitat, and foraging pattern of rodents within that habitat. Using seed plots, we assessed seed predation in burned and unburned tallgrass prairies at biweekly intervals between May and September in 2001 and 2002. Significantly more seed was removed from plots in burned than unburned prairies. Rodent abundance did not differ between burned prairie and unburned prairie, although the abundance of omnivorous–granivorous rodents (herbivores excluded) was greater in burned than unburned prairie. Proportion of seed removed in burned and unburned prairies was independent of both total rodent abundance and abundance of omnivorous–granivorous rodents. We also measured giving-up density (GUD) of rodents in burned and unburned prairies during the spring and summer of 2002. GUDs did not differ significantly in burned and unburned prairies. However, rodents had a higher GUD in uplands than in limestone breaks or lowland habitats. Our results suggest that rodent foraging in tallgrass prairie is affected by microhabitat and that rodent abundance is not sufficient to predict seed predation.
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Morris, Philip J. R., Philip G. Cox i Samuel N. Cobb. "Mechanical significance of morphological variation in diprotodont incisors". Royal Society Open Science 6, nr 3 (marzec 2019): 181317. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsos.181317.
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All rodents possess a single pair of enlarged incisors that grow throughout life. This condition (diprotodonty) is characteristic of Rodentia, but is also found in other mammals such as lagomorphs, hyraxes, the aye-aye and common wombat. This study surveyed lower incisor morphology across extant diprotodonts to examine shape variation within and between rodents and other diprotodonts, and to determine if tooth shape varies in a manner predictable from mechanics. Six linear and area variables were recorded from microCT scans of the mandibles of 33 diprotodont mammals. The curvature of the rodent lower incisors, as measured by the proportion of a circle it occupies, was shown to vary between 20 and 45%, with non-Glires taxa falling outside this range. Relative lengths of the portions of the incisor within and external to the mandible were not significantly correlated when the overall size was taken into account. Cross-sectional geometry of the incisor was significantly correlated with the external length of the incisor. Overall, incisor morphology was shown to vary in a way predictable from ecology and mechanics, in order to resist bending. Among non-rodents, lagomorph incisors closely resemble those of rodents, and, relative to rodents, hyrax and wombat incisors are somewhat smaller but aye-aye incisors are much more extreme in morphology.
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Suwannarong, Kanokwan, Ngamphol Soonthornworasiri, Pannamas Maneekan, Surapon Yimsamran, Karnsunaphat Balthip, Santi Maneewatchararangsri, Watcharee Saisongkorh i in. "Rodent–Human Interface: Behavioral Risk Factors and Leptospirosis in a Province in the Central Region of Thailand". Veterinary Sciences 9, nr 2 (17.02.2022): 85. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/vetsci9020085.
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This sequential explanatory mixed-method study consisted of analytical, cross-sectional, and qualitative studies. The research was conducted in the Khao Nor and Khao Kaew areas of the Banphot Pisai districts of Nakhon Sawan Province in 2019. Here, we examined the rodent contact characteristics of villagers in these areas and determined the potential characteristics/risk factors associated with rodents using a semi-structured questionnaire, key informant interview (KII), and focus group discussion (FGD). Results of the quantitative study (N1 = 372) characterized participants that contacted rodents per gender, age, occupation, knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP), including their cultural contexts, and beliefs. Ninety participants (24.2%) reported contact with rodents, and the reasons for their direct physical rodent contact were hunting (35, 9.4%), killing (41, 11.0%), preparing rodents as food (33, 8.9%), consuming cooked meats (12, 3.2%), feeding food (4, 1.1%), cleaning feces (17, 4.6%), and cleaning carcasses (33, 8.9%). Moreover, logistic regression results showed that males encountering rodents were statistically significant (Adjusted OR = 3.137, 95% CI 1.914–5.139, p < 0.001). Low monthly household income (<THB 15,000 or <USD 450) was also negatively statistically significant with encountering rodents (Adjusted OR = 0.57, 95% CI 0.33–0.99, p = 0.04). Additionally, the villagers had a low level of knowledge toward zoonotic diseases and inappropriate attitudes and practices toward contacting rodents and zoonotic diseases. Thirty-five qualitative study participants (N2) participated in the KIIs and FGDs. Various rodent contact activities were also reported among the qualitative research participants, such as hunting, consumption, and selling them to their friends and neighbors. However, these rodents also destroyed their belongings, crops, and plants. Some participants also reported that rodents accounted for leptospirosis transmission. As a result, communication intervention should be planned to provide appropriate knowledge and attitude to the villagers, especially among those who have close contact with rodents in the understudied area.
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Ayinde, Badmus H., i Ala A. Adeola. "Peoples’ perception of rodents as pest and their control in Ibadan, South-western Nigeria: A case study of University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Oyo State". Journal of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine 5, nr 4 (30.08.2020): 129–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.31248/jasvm2020.217.
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The prolific rate of rodents in the University of Ibadan is becoming alarming and thus there is need to investigate their perception of rodents as pests by the people residing within the University premises. The study design employed was descriptive and data was collected using self-structured research questionnaires. A total of One hundred and twenty (120) questionnaires were administered and retrieved from the respondents. The results of the findings showed that majority of the respondents 96(80%) were aware of the rodents’ presence on campus. Ninety eight (81.7%) of the respondents had knowledge of rodents as pests while 50 (41.7%) respondents perceived food materials as what are mostly damaged by rodents. Fifty five (45.9%) respondents indicated that the extent of rodents damage to their belongings was serious while 45 (38.3%) reported it to be insignificant. Use of rodenticides was the method mostly adopted by 66 (55%) respondents to reduce rodent damage followed by setting of traps by 37 (30.8%). There was no significant difference between the methods employed to reduce rodent damage (p˃0.05) by the respondents. It can be concluded that rodents are recognized as pests that cause damage to human belongings in the study area and methods of control perceived to be mostly used to reduce rodent damage are the use of rodenticides and setting of traps.
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K., Vrinda Menon, i Jolly Deepa. "Public health implications of rodent-borne zoonotic diseases". Issue 1 (September - October) 1, nr 1 (21.09.2020): 13–21. http://dx.doi.org/10.51128/jfas.2020.a003.
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Rodents are the most abundant and diversified order of living mammals in the world. Their proximity with human population helps in the transmission of various zoonotic diseases. They are known to transmit around 60 common zoonotic diseases and not only serve as reservoirs of some of the emerging zoonoses but also hosts for a number of infectious diseases. They also provide a nexus between wildlife and humans exposing humans to zoonotic diseases circulating in the natural ecosystem. Rodent populations fluctuate in abundance over both seasonal and multiannual time scales. Rodents are known to be the primary or definitive host for diseases like plague, leptospirosis, Lyme disease, tick-borne relapsing fever, hemorrhagic fever with renal syndrome, leishmaniasis, hymenolepiasis, and moniliformiasis; whereas in other diseases, rodents act as the secondary host. There is an urgent need for field studies of rodent population to determine the likely role of particular rodent species as reservoirs of these diseases and to understand rodent-human interactions. Keywords: Rodents, Zoonotic diseases
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Chaisiri, K., M. Chou, C. C. Siew, S. Morand i A. Ribas. "Gastrointestinal helminth fauna of rodents from Cambodia: emphasizing the community ecology of host–parasite associations". Journal of Helminthology 91, nr 6 (1.12.2016): 726–38. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0022149x16000869.
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AbstractExtensive field surveys of rodents were conducted in Cambodia from 2008 to 2014 to study the diversity and ecology of helminth infection in wild rodent populations. Gastrointestinal helminths were isolated from 14 species of rodents (569 individuals) trapped from different habitats (forest, dry land, rain-fed land and human settlements) in four provinces of Cambodia (Krong Preah Sihanouk, Mondolkiri, Pursat and Steung Treng). The average prevalence of parasitic infection was 58.5% (range, 16.0–64.7%), and 19 helminth taxa were identified in total. Trichostrongylid nematodes were the most prevalent (25.8%), followed byRaillietinasp. (14.1%),Gongylonema neoplasticum(10.7%),Syphacia muris(9.8%) andHymenolepis diminuta(9.6%). Potential rodent-borne zoonotic helminths were also identified, and the risks of helminthiasis were discussed. The status of helminth infection and species diversity in rodents from settlements were significantly lower than in rodents from forest and peri-domesticated habitats, which indicates that habitat alteration might affect helminth infection and diversity in rodent hosts. Generalized linear models revealed that host attributes (host species and maturity) and environmental factors (habitat and geographical location) were explanatory variables for helminth infection in these rodents. Using network analyses, we showed that the oriental house rat,Rattus tanezumi, was the most central host in the rodent–helminth assemblage, based on the number of helminth taxa it shared with other rodent species. Therefore,R. tanezumicould play an important role in rodent–helminth interactions and helminth transmission to other rodent hosts.
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Brouat, Carine, Christophe Amidi Diagne, Khadija Ismaïl, Abdelkrim Aroussi, Ambroise Dalecky, Khalilou Bâ, Mamadou Kane i in. "Seroprevalence of Toxoplasma gondii in commensal rodents sampled across Senegal, West Africa". Parasite 25 (2018): 32. http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/parasite/2018036.
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Risks related to Toxoplasma gondii infection in humans remain poorly known in Senegal. Although rodent surveys could help to assess the circulation of T. gondii, they have seldom been set up in sub-Saharan Africa. The aim of this study was to examine Toxoplasma seroprevalence in rodents from villages and towns across Senegal. Rodents were sampled in 40 localities using a standardised trapping protocol. Detection of T. gondii antibodies was performed on 1205 rodents, using a modified agglutination test (MAT) technique. Seroprevalence data were analysed depending on geography, the local rodent community, and individual characteristics of the rodent hosts. We found 44 seropositive rodents from four different species (Mastomys erythroleucus, Mastomys natalensis, Mus musculus domesticus, Rattus rattus). Toxoplasma seroprevalence was low, averaging 4% in the localities. Higher Toxoplasma seroprevalence (up to 24%) was found in northern Senegal, a region known to be the heart of pastoral herding in the country.
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Belmain, Steven R., Nyo Me Htwe, Nazira Q. Kamal i Grant R. Singleton. "Estimating rodent losses to stored rice as a means to assess efficacy of rodent management". Wildlife Research 42, nr 2 (2015): 132. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14189.
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Context Post-harvest losses by rodents have traditionally been calculated by estimates of consumption determined in the laboratory. Methods for assessing storage losses by rodents under smallholder conditions will help farmers and policy makers understand the impact rodents may have on food security, nutrition and health. Stored product loss assessment methods could also be used to monitor the effects of rodent control in villages. Aims The present study examined a method to measure the amount of rice eaten by rodents in household granaries. The effects of trapping and better hygiene around granaries to reduce rodent populations were investigated using the post-harvest monitoring method to determine whether the program was successful in lowering rodent numbers sufficiently to reduce post-harvest losses. Methods Baskets with known quantities of rice were placed within household granaries and monitored periodically for moisture content, weight loss, faecal contamination and percentage of rodent-damaged grains. Using an empirical treatment–control study, rodent management was performed at the community level through daily trapping in two Bangladesh villages and in Myanmar at the granary storehouse level. Post-harvest losses were monitored in granaries in villages with rodent management and in similar granaries in villages where there was no management. Key results Estimates of household losses in the absence of rodent control were 2.5% in Bangladesh and 17% in Myanmar. These losses were reduced when rodent control was implemented, down to 0.5% in Bangladesh and 5% in Myanmar. Conclusions The impact of rodents on smallholder storage can be accurately assessed in the field under realistic conditions. Intensive daily trapping at the community level together with improved hygiene practices can successfully reduce rodent numbers, and this can significantly reduce stored grain losses and rodent contamination and damage levels. Implications In addition to the threat of rodent pests during crop production, rodents are a major threat to food security after harvest and have, as of yet, unquantified impacts on household nutrition and health through potential transmission of gastroenteric diseases and zoonoses to householders and domestic livestock. Trapping and environmental management are affordable and effective tools to reduce rodent impacts on stored grain within communities and are viable alternatives to rodenticides.
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Shiels, Aaron B., Mele Khalsa, Doreen L. Griffin, Clay K. Chow, Patty Baiao, Sheri S. Mann i Antoinette J. Piaggio. "Cattle egrets regurgitate house mouse carcasses onto a mouse-free island: implications for rodent eradications". Wildlife Research 47, nr 5 (2020): 436. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr19239.
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Abstract ContextEradication of invasive rodents on islands typically results in positive conservation gains, and maintaining a rodent-free island requires elevated biosecurity, including prevention of assisted rodent arrival via watercraft, aircraft and animals such as birds. Cattle egrets (Bubulcus ibis) are widespread, and often fly several kilometres daily to roost and forage. They frequently swallow insects and vertebrates (including rodents) whole, and some regurgitate prey. Cattle egrets have been regularly observed flying between the Hawaiian Islands of Ni’ihau (where non-native mice and rats are established) and Lehua (where one species of non-native rat is established and was targeted during a recent eradication attempt). Aims The objectives were to identify the species of rodent that cattle egrets regurgitate following transport between Ni’ihau and Lehua islands, and to determine if any of the rodent individuals regurgitated were alive once deposited onto Lehua Island following 1.1-km oversea flights. Methods Eighty-five individual rodent carcasses (regurgitated by cattle egrets) were collected, preserved and identified to species using morphological characteristics and DNA sequencing. Key results All rodents regurgitated by cattle egrets were dead upon collection on Lehua Island. Although the Pacific rat (Rattus exulans) is the only rodent species on Lehua Island, and field staff suspected the regurgitated rodents were R. exulans, all 85 carcasses were identified as house mice (Mus musculus). Conclusions This is the first evidence (that the authors know of) showing movement of rodent carcasses, via cattle egrets, between islands. Implications Cattle egrets that deposit rodent carcasses onto rodent-free islands, or segments of islands, may confuse land managers and biosecurity professionals who are unaware of this phenomenon. House mice did not survive cattle egret ingestion, >1-km flight and regurgitation; therefore it is unlikely that live rodents would be introduced to rodent-free areas via cattle egrets.
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Esmaeili, Saber, Ahmad Mahmoudi, Parisa Esmaeili, Zohreh Yousefi Ghalejoogh, Alireza Mordadi, Ahmad Ghasemi, Ali Mohammadi i in. "The surveillance of plague among rodents and dogs in Western Iran". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, nr 11 (10.11.2023): e0011722. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011722.
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Background The causative agent of plague, Yersinia pestis, is maintained in nature via a flea-rodent cycle. Western Iran is an old focus for plague, and recent data indicate that rodents and dogs in this region have serological evidence of Y. pestis infection. The purpose of this study was to conduct a large-scale investigation of Y. pestis infection in shepherd dogs, rodents, and their fleas in old foci for plague in Western Iran. Materials and methods This study was conducted in Hamadan province from 2014 to 2020. Rodents and fleas were collected from various locations throughout this region. Y. pestis was investigated in rodent spleen samples and fleas using culture, serology, and real-time PCR methods. Additionally, sera samples were collected from carnivores and hares in this region, and the IgG antibody against the Y. pestis F1 antigen was assessed using an ELISA. Results In this study, 927 rodents were captured, with Meriones spp. (91.8%) and Microtus qazvinensis (2.6%) being the most prevalent. A total of 6051 fleas were collected from rodents and carnivores, most of which were isolated from Meriones persicus. None of the rodents or fleas examined tested positive for Y. pestis using real-time PCR and culture methods. Meanwhile, IgG antibodies were detected in 0.32% of rodents. All serologically positive rodents belonged to M. persicus. Furthermore, none of the sera from the 138 carnivores (129 sheepdogs, five Vulpes vulpes, four Canis aureus), and nine hares tested positive in the ELISA test. Conclusion This primary survey of rodent reservoirs shows serological evidence of Y. pestis infection. Western Iran is an endemic plague focus, and as such, it requires ongoing surveillance.
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Gsell, A. C., M. N. H. Seabrook-Davison i D. H. Brunton. "Are wild rodents attracted to lure laboratory rats?" Pacific Conservation Biology 20, nr 1 (2014): 108. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/pc140108.
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invasions to New Zealand’s unique biodiversity, ‘pest-free’ offshore and mainland island refuges have been created. The success of this approach depends on the long term maintenance of the pest-free status of these refuges. Because the occurrence of rodent incursions is an on-going risk, early detection and elimination of invading animals is crucial. We conducted field-based experiments to determine if lures of live female and male laboratory Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) held in cages in the wild, and lures consisting of urine-soaked rodent bedding could be used to detect the presence of wild rodents. We found that the use of live rodents and bedding significantly increased the probability of detecting wild rodents, although we were not able to determine the sex, age or number of wild rodents attracted to each live rodent station. We also found that wild rats were equally attracted to the scent of male and female rats i.e., lures and bedding. Our approach provides potential as a tool for early detection of rodents in vulnerable refuges and we suggest that further research is needed to investigate the feasibility of developing rat scented monitoring stations.
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Olayemi, Ayodeji, i Elisabeth Fichet-Calvet. "Systematics, Ecology, and Host Switching: Attributes Affecting Emergence of the Lassa Virus in Rodents across Western Africa". Viruses 12, nr 3 (14.03.2020): 312. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v12030312.
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Ever since it was established that rodents serve as reservoirs of the zoonotic Lassa virus (LASV), scientists have sought to answer the questions: which populations of rodents carry the virus? How do fluctuations in LASV prevalence and rodent abundance influence Lassa fever outbreaks in humans? What does it take for the virus to adopt additional rodent hosts, proliferating what already are devastating cycles of rodent-to-human transmission? In this review, we examine key aspects of research involving the biology of rodents that affect their role as LASV reservoirs, including phylogeography, demography, virus evolution, and host switching. We discuss how this knowledge can help control Lassa fever and suggest further areas for investigation.
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Teske, Jennifer A., Claudio E. Perez-Leighton, Charles J. Billington i Catherine M. Kotz. "Methodological considerations for measuring spontaneous physical activity in rodents". American Journal of Physiology-Regulatory, Integrative and Comparative Physiology 306, nr 10 (15.05.2014): R714—R721. http://dx.doi.org/10.1152/ajpregu.00479.2013.
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When exploring biological determinants of spontaneous physical activity (SPA), it is critical to consider whether methodological factors differentially affect rodents and the measured SPA. We determined whether acclimation time, sensory stimulation, vendor, or chamber size affected measures in rodents with varying propensity for SPA. We used principal component analysis to determine which SPA components (ambulatory and vertical counts, time in SPA, and distance traveled) best described the variability in SPA measurements. We compared radiotelemetry and infrared photobeams used to measure SPA and exploratory activity. Acclimation time, sensory stimulation, vendor, and chamber size independently influenced SPA, and the effect was moderated by the propensity for SPA. A 24-h acclimation period prior to SPA measurement was sufficient for habituation. Principal component analysis showed that ambulatory and vertical measurements of SPA describe different dimensions of the rodent's SPA behavior. Smaller testing chambers and a sensory attenuation cubicle around the chamber reduced SPA. SPA varies between rodents purchased from different vendors. Radiotelemetry and infrared photobeams differ in their sensitivity to detect phenotypic differences in SPA and exploratory activity. These data highlight methodological considerations in rodent SPA measurement and a need to standardize SPA methodology.
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Lekhal, Lila, Elena Harran, Anaïs Aragon, Karine Groud, Marine Le Guyader, Rachid Kaidi, Djamel Khelef i Zouheira Djelouadji. "First Molecular Detection of Pathogens Leptospira in Common Rodent Captured in North Algeria Urban Areas". Tropical Medicine and Infectious Disease 7, nr 11 (29.10.2022): 335. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/tropicalmed7110335.
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Leptospirosis is an anthropozoonosis disease of worldwide distribution caused by mobile spirochetes of the genus Leptospira and rodents, mainly rats, are described as its primary reservoir. In Algeria, there is limited data about the prevalence of Leptospira spp. in humans and animals, as well as Leptospira carriage in wild rodents. The study aimed to highlight the importance of rodents as a reservoir of Leptospira bacterium in Blida city in Algeria by detecting and identifying circulating Leptospira species in the rodent population. A total of 101 rodents, 95 Rattus Norvegicus, 5 Rattus Rattus, and 1 Mus Musculus were captured and tested for pathogenic Leptospira spp. byreal-time PCR targeting the Leptospira 16S rRNA (rrs) gene, revealing a total prevalence of 40.6%, 95% IC [30.9–50.8%]. Positive samples were subjected to species-specific real-time PCR assays targeting L. interrogans, L. noguchii, L. borgpetersenii, and L. kirschneri for species identification. However, positive samples for which Leptospira-species could not be determined were subjected to conventional PCR targeting the partial 16S rRNA (rrs) gene, and amplified DNA was subjected to sequencing. Leptospira spp. was detected in 36 kidney, 16 urine, and three lung specimens. L. interrogans was identified in 39 rodents and L. borpetersenii in one rodent; however, one rodent with renal carriage could not be typed due to poor DNA quality. This study provides the first description of pathogenic Leptospira spp. in wild rodents in Algeria. These findings suggest a high potential risk of leptospirosis transmission from rodents to humans and animals in Algeria and therefore imply the adoption of prophylactic measures. In addition, further studies, including different animals and rodent species, should be conducted to clarify the epidemiology of this disease in Algeria.
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Blasdell, Kim, Frédéric Bordes, Kittipong Chaisiri, Yannick Chaval, Julien Claude, Jean-François Cosson, Alice Latinne i in. "Progress on research on rodents and rodent-borne zoonoses in South-east Asia". Wildlife Research 42, nr 2 (2015): 98. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14201.
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This review aims to synthesise knowledge regarding the taxonomy of South-east Asian murine rodents and the challenges associated with the identification of habitat preferences and associated rodent-borne diseases. Recent studies concerning the Rattini tribe have identified unclear species boundaries that would benefit from further investigation. The development of barcoding may allow more accurate identification of rodents, specifically for complex species. However, knowledge on the distribution and habitat specialisations of many common murine rodents is still scarce, particularly regarding the specific habitat preferences of most synanthropic rodent species (Rattus tanezumi or Rattus exulans). Several studies have analysed the prevalence of major rodent-borne diseases in South-east Asia and it appears that the greatest risk of rodent zoonoses are in the lowland rain-fed and irrigated landscapes, generally in and around rice fields.
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Gsell, Anna, John Innes, Pim de Monchy i Dianne Brunton. "The success of using trained dogs to locate sparse rodents in pest-free sanctuaries". Wildlife Research 37, nr 1 (2010): 39. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr09117.
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Context. Better techniques to detect small numbers of mammalian pests such as rodents are required both to complete large-scale eradications in restoration areas and to detect invaders before they become abundant or cause serious impacts on biodiversity. Aims. To evaluate the ability of certified rodent dogs (Canis familiaris) to locate Norway rats (Rattus norvegicus) and mice (Mus musculus) or their scent trails at very low densities in field conditions. Methods. We experimentally tested two rodent dogs by releasing small numbers of laboratory rats and mice in a 63 ha rodent-free forest sanctuary and then determining if the dogs and their handlers could find the rodents and their scent trails. We divided the enclosure into two halves, east and west of the midpoint, and alternated releases daily between the two areas to minimise residual scent between consecutive trials. Radio-tagged rats or mice were released a total of 96 times at random locations that were unknown to handlers, followed for 50–100 m, then caught and either placed in hidden cages at the end of the scent trail or removed from the forest. Handlers and their dogs had up to 6 h to search for rodents. Key Results. Despite the extremely low density of rodents in the effective research area of 32 ha, both dogs were highly successful at finding rodents, together locating 87% of rats and 80% of mice. Handlers reported few false positive detections. We found that well-trained dogs can effectively cover 30–40 ha of steep forested habitat in half a day (6 h). Conclusions. Despite the limitations of our study design, we conclude that well-trained rodent dogs may be able to locate wild rodents at low densities in forest situations. Implications. Our results support the ongoing use of certified dogs to detect rodent survivors and invaders in conservation areas in New Zealand and elsewhere. Additional research is required to trial dogs on experimentally released wild rodents and to compare the cost-effectiveness of dogs with other detection methods.
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Douglas, Kirk Osmond, Claire Cayol, Kristian Michael Forbes, Thelma Alafia Samuels, Olli Vapalahti, Tarja Sironen i Marquita Gittens-St. Hilaire. "Serological Evidence of Multiple Zoonotic Viral Infections among Wild Rodents in Barbados". Pathogens 10, nr 6 (28.05.2021): 663. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10060663.
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Background: Rodents are reservoirs for several zoonotic pathogens that can cause human infectious diseases, including orthohantaviruses, mammarenaviruses and orthopoxviruses. Evidence exists for these viruses circulating among rodents and causing human infections in the Americas, but much less evidence exists for their presence in wild rodents in the Caribbean. Methods: Here, we conducted serological and molecular investigations of wild rodents in Barbados to determine the prevalence of orthohantavirus, mammarenavirus and orthopoxvirus infections, and the possible role of these rodent species as reservoirs of zoonotic pathogens. Using immunofluorescent assays (IFA), rodent sera were screened for the presence of antibodies to orthohantavirus, mammarenavirus (Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus—LCMV) and orthopoxvirus (Cowpox virus—CPXV) infections. RT-PCR was then conducted on orthohantavirus and mammarenavirus-seropositive rodent sera and tissues, to detect the presence of viral RNA. Results: We identified antibodies against orthohantavirus, mammarenavirus, and orthopoxvirus among wild mice and rats (3.8%, 2.5% and 7.5% seropositivity rates respectively) in Barbados. No orthohantavirus or mammarenavirus viral RNA was detected from seropositive rodent sera or tissues using RT–PCR. Conclusions: Key findings of this study are the first serological evidence of orthohantavirus infections in Mus musculus and the first serological evidence of mammarenavirus and orthopoxvirus infections in Rattus norvegicus and M. musculus in the English-speaking Caribbean. Rodents may present a potential zoonotic and biosecurity risk for transmission of three human pathogens, namely orthohantaviruses, mammarenaviruses and orthopoxviruses in Barbados.
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Li, Dianwei, Chengzhi Zhang, Yuwei Cao, Ming Gao, Shiqi Chang, Menghao Xu, Zhimin Jin i Hongwei Ni. "Food preference strategy of four sympatric rodents in a temperate forest in northeast China". ZooKeys 1158 (21.04.2023): 163–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.3897/zookeys.1158.96886.
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Rodents are well known as both seed predators and dispersers of various plant species in forest ecosystems, and they play an important role in the regeneration of vegetation. Thus, the research on seed selection and vegetation regeneration by sympatric rodents is an interesting topic. To understand the characteristics of preferences of rodents for different seeds, a semi-natural enclosure experiment was performed with four rodent species (Apodemus peninsulae, Apodemus agrarius, Tscherskia triton, and Clethrionomys rufocanus) and the seeds of seven plant species (Pinus koraiensis, Corylus mandshurica, Quercus mongolica, Juglans mandshurica, Armeniaca sibirica, Prunus salicina, and Cerasus tomentosa) to investigate the differentiation in niches and patterns of resource utilization of sympatric rodents. The results showed that all the rodents had consumed many seeds of Pi. koraiensis, Co. mandshurica, and Q. mongolica but differed significantly in how they selected the different seeds. The rate of utilization (Ri) of Pi. koraiensis, Co. mandshurica, and Q. mongolica exhibited the highest values. The Ei values indicated that the rodents tested exhibited differences in their priorities used to select the seeds from different plant species. All four species of rodents exhibited obvious preferences for certain seeds. Korean field mice preferentially consumed the seeds of Q. mongolica, Co. mandshurica, and Pi. koraiensis. Striped field mice favor the seeds of Co. mandshurica, Q. mongolica, P. koraiensis, and Nanking cherry. Greater long-tailed hamsters prefer to consume the seeds of Pi. koraiensis, Co. mandshurica, Q. mongolica, Pr. salicina, and Ce. tomentosa. Clethrionomys rufocanus likes to eat the seeds of Pi. koraiensis, Q. mongolica, Co. mandshurica, and Ce. tomentosa. The results supported our hypothesis that sympatric rodents overlap in food selection. However, each rodent species has a marked preference for food selection, and different rodent species differ in their food preferences. This reflects the role of distinct food niche differentiation in their coexistence.
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Takhampunya, Ratree, Asma Longkunan, Sakbuncha Somchaimongkol, Nittayaphon Youngdech, Nitima Chanarat, Jira Sakolvaree, Bousaraporn Tippayachai i in. "Borrelia miyamotoi a neglected tick-borne relapsing fever spirochete in Thailand". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 17, nr 2 (21.02.2023): e0011159. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0011159.
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Borrelia miyamotoi is a relapsing fever spirochete that shares the same vector [fas Lyme disease causing Borrelia. This epidemiological study of B. miyamotoi was conducted in rodent reservoirs, tick vectors and human populations simultaneously. A total of 640 rodents and 43 ticks were collected from Phop Phra district, Tak province, Thailand. The prevalence rate for all Borrelia species was 2.3% and for B. miyamotoi was 1.1% in the rodent population, while the prevalence rate was quite high in ticks collected from rodents with an infection rate of 14.5% (95% CI: 6.3–27.6%). Borrelia miyamotoi was detected in Ixodes granulatus collected from Mus caroli and Berylmys bowersi, and was also detected in several rodent species (Bandicota indica, Mus spp., and Leopoldamys sabanus) that live in a cultivated land, increasing the risk of human exposure. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the B. miyamotoi isolates detected in rodents and I. granulatus ticks in this study were similar to isolates detected in European countries. Further investigation was conducted to determine the serological reactivity to B. miyamotoi in human samples received from Phop Phra hospital, Tak province and in rodents captured from Phop Phra district using an in-house, direct enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) assay with B. miyamotoi recombinant glycerophosphodiester-phosphodiesterase (rGlpQ) protein as coated antigen. The results showed that 17.9% (15/84) of human patients and 9.0% (41/456) of captured rodents had serological reactivity to B. miyamotoi rGlpQ protein in the study area. While a low level of IgG antibody titers (100–200) was observed in the majority of seroreactive samples, higher titers (400–1,600) were also detected in both humans and rodents. This study provides the first evidence of B. miyamotoi exposure in human and rodent populations in Thailand and the possible roles of local rodent species and Ixodes granulatus tick in its enzootic transmission cycle in nature.
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Mpinga, Agnes, Rudovick Kazwala, Happiness Kumburu i Coletha Mathew. "Rodent reservoirs: unraveling spectrum of zoonotic and pathogenic bacteria". Journal of Ideas in Health 7, nr 3 (30.06.2024): 1061–67. http://dx.doi.org/10.47108/jidhealth.vol7.iss3.345.
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Background: Zoonotic diseases are the major public health threat, with over 70% originating from wildlife. Rodents, while beneficial to the environment, transmit many zoonotic diseases such as hemorrhagic fevers, plague, tularemia, and leptospirosis, mainly due to increased agriculture and land use changes. Understanding rodent-borne pathogens is essential for effective intervention. Therefore, this study aimed to identify pathogenic and zoonotic bacteria in rodents and identify rodent species in the study area. Methods: A total of 116 rodents achieved samples (101 oral-pharyngeal and 15 rectal swabs) collected from Kibondo, Uvinza and Kyerwa were used in this study. Total RNA (Ribonucleic Acid) was extracted from each swab sample and then pooled based on rodent species, location and swab types to make twelve pools. A portion of pooled swabs were polyadenylated and used for metagenomics sequence libraries preparation. A 16S rRNA (ribosomal Ribonucleic Acid) metagenomics sequencing was performed on 12 pools by using MinIon platform in order to identify microbial diversity. Results: A total of 13 different microbial communities includinng bacteria were identified; where, 15 families of potentially pathogenic, zoonotic and bacteria of unknown zoonotic potential were also identified. These families included Mycobacteriacea, Helicobacteriacea, Enterobacteriacea, Vibrionacea, Staphylococcaceae, Nocardiaceae, Bacillaceae, Pasteurellaceae, Streptococcaceae, Campylobacteraceae, Leptospiraceae, Brachyspiraceae, Moraxellaceae, Enterococcaea, Flavobacteriacea. Potentially zoonotic pathogenic bacteria including Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Vibrio cholerae, Helicobacter pylori and Vibrio parahaemolyticus are reported in this study. Conclusion: This study identifies several bacteria of public and veterinary importance, highlighting the possibility of increased risk of human infection and risk of cross-transmission between rodents, humans, and animals given the proximity between rodents, humans and animals. While no concrete evidence of rodent-to-human transmission was found, we hypothesize that rodents are a potential infection source, especially in resource-poor areas with close rodent-human contact.
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Wiggs, Robert B., i Heidi B. Lobprise. "Dental Disease in Rodents". Journal of Veterinary Dentistry 7, nr 3 (wrzesień 1990): 6–8. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/089875649000700305.
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The dental diseases of rodents are unique because of their dental anatomy and physiology. Common problems of rodent dentitions are covered in this article including periodontal disease, stomatitis, caries, and malocclusions. The anatomy of rodent dentitions is reviewed. Treatment for these diseases is included.
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Hagenah, Nicole, Herbert H. T. Prins i Han Olff. "Effects of large herbivores on murid rodents in a South African savanna". Journal of Tropical Ecology 25, nr 5 (wrzesień 2009): 483–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467409990046.
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Abstract:Our study presents experimentally based results on how large herbivore species affect savanna vegetation and thus murid rodents in the Hluhluwe-iMfolozi Park in KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa. We permanently excluded groups of large herbivore guilds of various body sizes (ranging from white rhino to hares) from sixteen 40 × 40-m plots of vegetation by using different fence types. We determined grass species composition and vegetation height and collected capture–mark–recapture data on murid rodents. Nutrient concentrations of the dominant grass species and rodent diet compositions were analysed. We found that herbivore species of different body sizes had different effects on murid rodents. The exclusion of medium-sized herbivores, such as warthog, impala and nyala increased the abundance of high-quality grass species, especiallyPanicum maximum. However, the dominant rodent speciesLemniscomys rosaliapreferred the most abundant grass species, rather than high-quality grasses. The absence of large bulk feeders, such as zebra, buffalo and white rhino led to an increase in vegetation height. In response, tall vegetation promoted both rodent abundance and species diversity and altered rodent species composition. Ultimately, our results indicate that the greatest effect on murid rodents came from the reduction of vegetation cover by large bulk feeders, which likely increased rodent predation risk.
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Simkute, Evelina, Arnoldas Pautienius, Juozas Grigas, Marina Sidorenko, Jana Radzijevskaja, Algimantas Paulauskas i Arunas Stankevicius. "The Prevalence of Tick-Borne Encephalitis Virus in Wild Rodents Captured in Tick-Borne Encephalitis Foci in Highly Endemic Lithuania". Viruses 16, nr 3 (13.03.2024): 444. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/v16030444.
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Wild rodents are considered to be one of the most important TBEV-amplifying reservoir hosts; therefore, they may be suitable for foci detection studies. To investigate the effectiveness of viral RNA detection in wild rodents for suspected TBEV foci confirmation, we trapped small rodents (n = 139) in various locations in Lithuania where TBEV was previously detected in questing ticks. Murine neuroblastoma Neuro-2a cells were inoculated with each rodent sample to maximize the chances of detecting viral RNA in rodent samples. TBEV RNA was detected in 74.8% (CI 95% 66.7–81.1) of the brain and/or internal organ mix suspensions, and the prevalence rate increased significantly following sample cultivation in Neuro-2a cells. Moreover, a strong correlation (r = 0.88; p < 0.05) was found between the average monthly air temperature of rodent trapping and the TBEV RNA prevalence rate in cell culture isolates of rodent suspensions, which were PCR-negative before cultivation in cell culture. This study shows that wild rodents are suitable sentinel animals to confirm TBEV foci. In addition, the study results demonstrate that sample cultivation in cell culture is a highly efficient method for increasing TBEV viral load to detectable quantities.
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Linchamps, Pierre, D. Margaret Avery, Raphaël Cornette, Christiane Denys, Thalassa Matthews i Emmanuelle Stoetzel. "Quaternary rodents of South Africa: A companion guide for cranio-dental identification". PLOS ONE 18, nr 11 (28.11.2023): e0289812. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0289812.
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Rodentia is the most species-rich order among mammals. The Republic of South Africa harbours a high rodent diversity whose taxonomy and phylogeny have been extensively studied using genetic tools. Such advances have led to the establishment of new faunal lists for the country. Because rodents are frequently recovered from archaeological cave site material and owl pellets, and constitute prime material for studying both past and present environmental conditions, it is necessary to characterize their osteological remains. The skull and teeth are the most useful diagnostic skeletal elements preserved in modern and fossil accumulations. This key provides updated craniodental criteria for identifying rodent genera found in Quaternary deposits, and modern material from the Republic of South Africa, thus facilitating research on past and present rodent diversity.
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Ramalingam, Balakrishnan, Thein Tun, Rajesh Elara Mohan, Braulio Félix Gómez, Ruoxi Cheng, Selvasundari Balakrishnan, Madan Mohan Rayaguru i Abdullah Aamir Hayat. "AI Enabled IoRT Framework for Rodent Activity Monitoring in a False Ceiling Environment". Sensors 21, nr 16 (6.08.2021): 5326. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/s21165326.
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Routine rodent inspection is essential to curbing rat-borne diseases and infrastructure damages within the built environment. Rodents find false ceilings to be a perfect spot to seek shelter and construct their habitats. However, a manual false ceiling inspection for rodents is laborious and risky. This work presents an AI-enabled IoRT framework for rodent activity monitoring inside a false ceiling using an in-house developed robot called “Falcon”. The IoRT serves as a bridge between the users and the robots, through which seamless information sharing takes place. The shared images by the robots are inspected through a Faster RCNN ResNet 101 object detection algorithm, which is used to automatically detect the signs of rodent inside a false ceiling. The efficiency of the rodent activity detection algorithm was tested in a real-world false ceiling environment, and detection accuracy was evaluated with the standard performance metrics. The experimental results indicate that the algorithm detects rodent signs and 3D-printed rodents with a good confidence level.
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Apanaskevich, Dmitry A. "New larval host records and locality data for Nuttalliella namaqua Bedford, 1931 (Acari: Nuttalliellidae)". Systematic and Applied Acarology 26, nr 1 (15.01.2021): 317–19. http://dx.doi.org/10.11158/saa.26.1.18.
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New larval hosts and locality data of an enigmatic tick, Nuttalliella namaqua Bedford, 1931 (Acari: Nuttalliellidae) are recorded. Most of the discovered larvae were found on various species of murid rodents (Rodentia: Muridae), while few larvae were collected on a petromurid rodent (Rodentia: Petromuridae), canid (Carnivora: Canidae), hares (Lagomorpha: Leporidae) and elephant shrew (Macroscelidea: Macroscelididae). Eight species of hosts are new host records for larvae of N. namaqua. This tick species is recorded for the first time from Botswana and Mozambique as well as from new localities in Namibia and South Africa.
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Legese, Kabeta, i Afework Bekele. "Farmers’ Perceptions of Rodents’ Damage and Management Practices in Wenchi Highlands, Central Ethiopia". International Journal of Zoology 2023 (23.11.2023): 1–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2023/6683791.
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Local perceptions about rodents and the damage they cause and management practices are the first step to design and implement rodent control programs. A study was conducted to obtain information about the perceptions and practices of farmers in Wenchi highlands on rodent damage and their management practices in the late-2020 and early 2021. Farmers (n = 383) from four highland villages of Wenchi district were randomly selected and interviewed using a semistructured questionnaire. Rodents were identified as major pests and perceived negatively among farmers. Arvicanthis abyssinicus (Rüppell), Mastomys natalensis (Smith), Mastomys awashensis (Lavrenchenko, Likhnova & Baskevich), Hystrix cristata L., and Tachyoryctes splendens (Rüppell) were the potential rodent pest species in the study area. There were significant variations in the type of damage (χ2 = 112.698, df = 3, P < 0.05 ) and crop type susceptibility to rodent pest attack (χ2 = 143.26, df = 3, P < 0.05 ). Crop damage (38.7%) and damage to human properties (27.9%) were the two dominant rodent-related problems in the area. Barley was the most susceptible crop to rodent attack (57.5%). The occurrence frequency of rodent pests and crop damage between the cropping stages also varied significantly. Most damage to barley crops (42.5%) occurred during the maturation stage. Farmers assessed rodent damage by observing damaged seeds, damaged stores, and rodent droppings in the storage and stem cuts of standing crops in the crop fields. The farmers stated that managing rodents in barley crop fields is practically impossible. In storage, farmers mainly use cats (53.73%) and trapping (22.64%) to control rodents. Detailed on-field rodent damage assessment and community education for rodent management are recommended.
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Bergallo, H. G., J. L. Luz, D. S. Raíces, F. H. Hatano i F. Martins-Hatano. "Habitat use by Oryzomys subflavus (Rodentia) in an open shrubland formation in Restinga de Jurubatiba National Park, RJ, Brazil". Brazilian Journal of Biology 65, nr 4 (listopad 2005): 583–88. http://dx.doi.org/10.1590/s1519-69842005000400004.
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The Restinga de Jurubatiba has at least 10 plant formations, including open Clusia shrubland. This formation is composed of dense shrubs of many shapes and sizes, where Clusia hilariana is one of the most important plant species. Shrublands with Clusia (CC) are poorer in plant species and less dense than shrublands without Clusia (SC). Oryzomys subflavus (Rodentia) is the most abundant small mammal species in the open Clusia shrubland. We tested the hypothesis that the abundance of rodents would increase with the size of the patch and would be higher in SC shrublands. Rodents were captured, marked and released in three 780-m-long transects. At each capture site, we evaluated the shape of the shrubland patch, calculated the area and noted the category of the shrubland. Using ANCOVA, we ascertained whether the abundance of Oryzomys subflavus increased with the sampled area and used CC and SC shrublands differently. We also verified if the size of patches used by rodents varies in the same frequency as the size of available shrublands. Rodent abundance was found to increase significantly with the area. There were no differences in the size of the patches used by rodents and the frequency of the size of available patches. This finding indicates that O. subflavus, in the study area, is a generalist species that uses its habitat according to availability.
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Velho, Nandini, Aparajita Datta i Kavita Isvaran. "Effect of rodents on seed fate of five hornbill-dispersed tree species in a tropical forest in north-east India". Journal of Tropical Ecology 25, nr 5 (wrzesień 2009): 507–14. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467409990083.
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Abstract:Hornbills are important dispersers of a wide range of tree species. Many of these species bear fruits with large, lipid-rich seeds that could attract terrestrial rodents. Rodents have multiple effects on seed fates, many of which remain poorly understood in the Palaeotropics. The role of terrestrial rodents was investigated by tracking seed fate of five hornbill-dispersed tree species in a tropical forest in north-east India. Seeds were marked inside and outside of exclosures below 6–12 parent fruiting trees (undispersed seed rain) and six hornbill nest trees (a post-dispersal site). Rodent visitors and seed removal were monitored using camera traps. Our findings suggest that several rodent species, especially two species of porcupine were major on-site seed predators. Scatter-hoarding was rare (1.4%). Seeds at hornbill nest trees had lower survival compared with parent fruiting trees, indicating that clumped dispersal by hornbills may not necessarily improve seed survival. Seed survival in the presence and absence of rodents varied with tree species. Some species (e.g. Polyalthia simiarum) showed no difference, others (e.g. Dysoxylum binectariferum) experienced up to a 64% decrease in survival in the presence of rodents. The differing magnitude of seed predation by rodents can have significant consequences at the seed establishment stage.
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Mangombi-Pambou, Joa Braïthe, Laurent Granjon, Fabien Flirden, Mamadou Kane, Youssoupha Niang, Bernard Davoust, Florence Fenollar i Oleg Mediannikov. "Molecular Survey of Rodent-Borne Infectious Agents in the Ferlo Region, Senegal". Genes 14, nr 5 (18.05.2023): 1107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/genes14051107.
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Zoonotic pathogens are responsible for most infectious diseases in humans, with rodents being important reservoir hosts for many of these microorganisms. Rodents, thus, pose a significant threat to public health. Previous studies in Senegal have shown that rodents harbour a diversity of microorganisms, including human pathogens. Our study aimed to monitor the prevalence of infectious agents in outdoor rodents, which can be the cause of epidemics. We screened 125 rodents (both native and expanding) from the Ferlo region, around Widou Thiengoly, for different microorganisms. Analysis, performed on rodent spleens, detected bacteria from the Anaplasmataceae family (20%), Borrelia spp. (10%), Bartonella spp. (24%) and Piroplasmida (2.4%). Prevalences were similar between native and the expanding (Gerbillus nigeriae) species, which has recently colonised the region. We identified Borrelia crocidurae, the agent responsible for tick-borne relapsing fever, which is endemic in Senegal. We also identified two other not-yet-described bacteria of the genera Bartonella and Ehrlichia that were previously reported in Senegalese rodents. Additionally, we found a potential new species, provisionally referred to here as Candidatus Anaplasma ferloense. This study highlights the diversity of infectious agents circulating in rodent populations and the importance of describing potential new species and evaluating their pathogenicity and zoonotic potential.
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CHEN, XIN-RONG, LI YE, JUN-WEN FAN, CHANG LI, FANG TANG, WEI LIU, LIN-ZHU REN i JIE-YING BAI. "Detection of Kobe-type and Otsu-typeBabesia microtiin wild rodents in China's Yunnan province". Epidemiology and Infection 145, nr 13 (14.08.2017): 2704–10. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0950268817001686.
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SUMMARYBabesiosis is an emerging tick-transmitted zoonosis prevalent in large parts of the world. This study was designed to determine the rates ofBabesia microtiinfection among small rodents in Yunnan province, where human cases of babesiosis have been reported. Currently, distribution ofBabesiain its endemic regions is largely unknown. In this study, we cataloged 1672 small wild rodents, comprising 4 orders, from nine areas in western Yunnan province between 2009 and 2011.Babesia microtiDNA was detected by polymerase chain reaction in 4·3% (72/1672) of the rodents analyzed. The most frequently infected rodent species includedApodemus chevrieriandNiviventer fulvescens. Rodents from forests and shrublands had significantly higherBabesiainfection rates. Genetic comparisons revealed thatBabesiawas most similar to the Kobe- and Otsu-type strains identified in Japan. A variety of rodent species might be involved in the enzootic maintenance and transmission ofB. microti, supporting the need for further serological investigations in humans.
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Jahan, Nusrat A., Laramie L. Lindsey, Evan J. Kipp, Adam Reinschmidt, Bradley J. Heins, Amy M. Runck i Peter A. Larsen. "Nanopore-Based Surveillance of Zoonotic Bacterial Pathogens in Farm-Dwelling Peridomestic Rodents". Pathogens 10, nr 9 (13.09.2021): 1183. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/pathogens10091183.
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The effective control of rodent populations on farms is crucial for food safety, as rodents are reservoirs and vectors for several zoonotic pathogens. Clear links have been identified between rodents and farm-level outbreaks of pathogens throughout Europe and Asia; however, comparatively little research has been devoted to studying the rodent–agricultural interface in the USA. Here, we address this knowledge gap by metabarcoding bacterial communities of rodent pests collected from Minnesota and Wisconsin food animal farms. We leveraged the Oxford Nanopore MinION sequencer to provide a rapid real-time survey of putative zoonotic foodborne pathogens, among others. Rodents were live trapped (n = 90) from three dairy and mixed animal farms. DNA extraction was performed on 63 rodent colons along with 2 shrew colons included as outgroups in the study. Full-length 16S amplicon sequencing was performed. Our farm-level rodent-metabarcoding data indicate the presence of multiple foodborne pathogens, including Salmonella spp., Campylobacter spp., Staphylococcus aureus, and Clostridium spp., along with many mastitis pathogens circulating within five rodent species (Microtus pennsylvanicus, Mus musculus, Peromyscus leucopus, Peromyscus maniculatus, and Rattus norvegicus) and a shrew (Blarina brevicauda). Interestingly, we observed a higher abundance of enteric pathogens (e.g., Salmonella) in shrew feces compared to the rodents analyzed in our study. Knowledge gained from our research efforts will directly inform and improve farm-level biosecurity efforts and public health interventions to reduce future outbreaks of foodborne and zoonotic disease.
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Kilonzo, Christopher, Xunde Li, Eduardo J. Vivas, Michele T. Jay-Russell, Kristine L. Fernandez i Edward R. Atwill. "Fecal Shedding of Zoonotic Food-Borne Pathogens by Wild Rodents in a Major Agricultural Region of the Central California Coast". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 79, nr 20 (9.08.2013): 6337–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01503-13.
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ABSTRACTRecent outbreaks of food-borne illness associated with the consumption of produce have increased concern over wildlife reservoirs of food-borne pathogens. Wild rodents are ubiquitous, and those living close to agricultural farms may pose a food safety risk should they shed zoonotic microorganisms in their feces near or on agricultural commodities. Fecal samples from wild rodents trapped on 13 agricultural farms (9 produce, 3 cow-calf operations, and 1 beef cattle feedlot) in Monterey and San Benito Counties, CA, were screened to determine the prevalence and risk factors for shedding of several food-borne pathogens. Deer mice (Peromyscus maniculatus) were the most abundant rodent species trapped (72.5%).Cryptosporidiumspecies (26.0%) andGiardiaspecies (24.2%) were the predominant isolates from rodent feces, followed bySalmonella entericaserovars (2.9%) andEscherichia coliO157:H7 (0.2%). Rodent trap success was significantly associated with detection ofSalmonellain rodent feces, while farm type was associated with fecal shedding ofCryptosporidiumandGiardia. Seasonal shedding patterns were evident, with rodents trapped during the spring and summer months being significantly less likely to be sheddingCryptosporidiumoocysts than those trapped during autumn. Higher rodent species diversity tended to correlate with lower fecal microbial prevalence, and most spatiotemporal pathogen clusters involved deer mice. Rodents in the study area posed a minimal risk as environmental reservoirs ofE. coliO157:H7, but they may play a role in environmental dissemination ofSalmonellaand protozoa. Rodent control efforts that potentially reduce biodiversity may increase pathogen shedding, possibly through promotion of intraspecific microbial transmission.
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Sasaki, Michihito, Walter Muleya, Akihiro Ishii, Yasuko Orba, Bernard M. Hang’ombe, Aaron S. Mweene, Ladslav Moonga, Yuka Thomas, Takashi Kimura i Hirofumi Sawa. "Molecular epidemiology of paramyxoviruses in Zambian wild rodents and shrews". Journal of General Virology 95, nr 2 (1.02.2014): 325–30. http://dx.doi.org/10.1099/vir.0.058404-0.
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Rodents and shrews are known to harbour various viruses. Paramyxoviruses have been isolated from Asian and Australian rodents, but little is known about them in African rodents. Recently, previously unknown paramyxovirus sequences were found in South African rodents. To date, there have been no reports related to the presence and prevalence of paramyxoviruses in shrews. We found a high prevalence of paramyxoviruses in wild rodents and shrews from Zambia. Semi-nested reverse transcription-PCR assays were used to detect paramyxovirus RNA in 21 % (96/462) of specimens analysed. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that these viruses were novel paramyxoviruses and could be classified as morbillivirus- and henipavirus-related viruses, and previously identified rodent paramyxovirus-related viruses. Our findings suggest the circulation of previously unknown paramyxoviruses in African rodents and shrews, and provide new information regarding the geographical distribution and genetic diversity of paramyxoviruses.
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Choi, Kyoung-Seong, Sunwoo Hwang, Myung Cheol Kim, Hyung-Chul Cho, Yu-Jin Park, Min-Jeong Ji, Sun-Woo Han i Joon-Seok Chae. "Molecular surveillance of zoonotic pathogens from wild rodents in the Republic of Korea". PLOS Neglected Tropical Diseases 18, nr 7 (8.07.2024): e0012306. http://dx.doi.org/10.1371/journal.pntd.0012306.
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Background Rodents are recognized as major reservoirs of numerous zoonotic pathogens and are involved in the transmission and maintenance of infectious diseases. Furthermore, despite their importance, diseases transmitted by rodents have been neglected. To date, there have been limited epidemiological studies on rodents, and information regarding their involvement in infectious diseases in the Republic of Korea (ROK) is still scarce. Methodology/Principal findings We investigated rodent-borne pathogens using nested PCR/RT-PCR from 156 rodents including 151 Apodemus agrarius and 5 Rattus norvegicus from 27 regions in eight provinces across the ROK between March 2019 and November 2020. Spleen, kidney, and blood samples were used to detect Anaplasma phagocytophilum, Bartonella spp., Borrelia burgdorferi sensu lato group, Coxiella burnetii, Leptospira interrogans, and severe fever with thrombocytopenia syndrome virus (SFTSV). Of the 156 rodents, 73 (46.8%) were infected with Bartonella spp., 25 (16.0%) with C. burnetii, 24 (15.4%) with L. interrogans, 21 (13.5%) with A. phagocytophilum, 9 (5.8%) with SFTSV, and 5 (3.2%) with Borrelia afzelii. Co-infections with two and three pathogens were detected in 33 (21.1%) and 11 rodents (7.1%), respectively. A. phagocytophilum was detected in all regions, showing a widespread occurrence in the ROK. The infection rates of Bartonella spp. were 83.3% for B. grahamii and 16.7% for B. taylorii. Conclusions/Significance To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of C. burnetii and SFTSV infections in rodents in the ROK. This study also provides the first description of various rodent-borne pathogens through an extensive epidemiological survey in the ROK. These results suggest that rodents harbor various pathogens that pose a potential threat to public health in the ROK. Our findings provide useful information on the occurrence and distribution of zoonotic pathogens disseminated among rodents and emphasize the urgent need for rapid diagnosis, prevention, and control strategies for these zoonotic diseases.
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Brown, Peter R., Ken P. Aplin, Lyn A. Hinds, Jens Jacob, Sarah E. Thomas i Barbara J. Ritchie. "Rodent management issues in South Pacific islands: a review with case studies from Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu". Wildlife Research 44, nr 8 (2017): 587. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17104.
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Rodents are a key pest to agricultural and rural island communities of the South Pacific, but there is limited information of their impact on the crops and livelihoods of small-scale farmers. The rodent pest community is known, but the type and scales of damage to different crops on different islands are unknown. Knowledge about rodent pest management in other geographical regions may not be directly transferable to the Pacific region. Many studies on islands have largely focussed on the eradication of rodents from uninhabited islands for conservation benefits. These broadscale eradication efforts are unlikely to translate to inhabited islands because of complex social and agricultural issues. The livelihoods, culture and customs of poor small-scale farmers in the South Pacific have a large bearing on the current management of rodents. The aim of the present review was to describe the rodent problems, impacts and management of rodents on South Pacific islands, and identify gaps for further research. We compared and contrasted two case studies. The situation in Papua New Guinea is emergent as several introduced rodent species are actively invading new areas with wide-ranging implications for human livelihoods and conservation. In Vanuatu, we show how rodent damage on cocoa plantations can be reduced by good orchard hygiene through pruning and weeding, which also has benefits for the management of black pod disease. We conclude that (1) damage levels are unknown and unreported, (2) the impacts on human health are unknown, (3) the relationships between the pest species and their food sources, breeding and movements are not known, and (4) the situation in Papua New Guinea may represent an emergent crisis that warrants further investigation. In addition, there is a need for greater understanding of the invasive history of pest rodents, so as to integrate biological information with management strategies. Ecologically based rodent management can be achieved on Pacific Islands, but only after significant well funded large-scale projects are established and rodent ecologists are trained. We can learn from experiences from other locations such as Southeast Asia to guide the way.
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Brown, Peter R., Ken P. Aplin, Lyn A. Hinds, Jens Jacob, Sarah E. Thomas i Barbara J. Ritchie. "Corrigendum to: Rodent management issues in South Pacific islands: a review with case studies from Papua New Guinea and Vanuatu". Wildlife Research 45, nr 2 (2018): 193. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr17104_co.
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Rodents are a key pest to agricultural and rural island communities of the South Pacific, but there is limited information of their impact on the crops and livelihoods of small-scale farmers. The rodent pest community is known, but the type and scales of damage to different crops on different islands are unknown. Knowledge about rodent pest management in other geographical regions may not be directly transferable to the Pacific region. Many studies on islands have largely focussed on the eradication of rodents from uninhabited islands for conservation benefits. These broadscale eradication efforts are unlikely to translate to inhabited islands because of complex social and agricultural issues. The livelihoods, culture and customs of poor small-scale farmers in the South Pacific have a large bearing on the current management of rodents. The aim of the present review was to describe the rodent problems, impacts and management of rodents on South Pacific islands, and identify gaps for further research. We compared and contrasted two case studies. The situation in Papua New Guinea is emergent as several introduced rodent species are actively invading new areas with wide-ranging implications for human livelihoods and conservation. In Vanuatu, we show how rodent damage on cocoa plantations can be reduced by good orchard hygiene through pruning and weeding, which also has benefits for the management of black pod disease. We conclude that (1) damage levels are unknown and unreported, (2) the impacts on human health are unknown, (3) the relationships between the pest species and their food sources, breeding and movements are not known, and (4) the situation in Papua New Guinea may represent an emergent crisis that warrants further investigation. In addition, there is a need for greater understanding of the invasive history of pest rodents, so as to integrate biological information with management strategies. Ecologically based rodent management can be achieved on Pacific Islands, but only after significant well funded large-scale projects are established and rodent ecologists are trained. We can learn from experiences from other locations such as Southeast Asia to guide the way.
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Zhang, Hongmao, Zhenzhen Wang, Qinghuan Zeng, Gang Chang, Zhenyu Wang i Zhibin Zhang. "Mutualistic and predatory interactions are driven by rodent body size and seed traits in a rodent–seed system in warm-temperate forest in northern China". Wildlife Research 42, nr 2 (2015): 149. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr14211.
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Context Mutualistic interactions between animals and plants shape the structure of plant–animal systems and, subsequently, affect plant-community structure and regeneration. Aims To assess the effects of plant and rodent functional traits on the formation of mutualistic and predatory interactions regarding seed dispersal and predation in a warm-temperate forest. Methods Seed scatter-hoarding and predation by six sympatric rodent species on seeds belonging to five sympatric tree species were tested under enclosure conditions. Key results Functional traits (i.e. rodent body size and seed traits) are important to mutualism/predation in this seed–rodent system. The rodent–seed network is highly nested: large-sized rodents have mutualistic or predatory interactions with both large- and small-sized seed species, but small-sized rodents interacted with small-sized seed species only. Large seeds or seeds with hard coats enhanced mutualism and reduced predation. Conclusion Body size of rodents and seed traits such as handling time and nutritional value are key factors in the formation of mutualistic and predatory interactions within seed–rodent systems. Implications To promote seedling establishment in degenerated forests, introducing or protecting large-sized scatter hoarders and reducing the density of pure seed eaters are needed.
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Nicolai, Nancy. "Rodents’ responses to manipulated plant litter and seed densities: implications for restoration". PeerJ 8 (6.07.2020): e9465. http://dx.doi.org/10.7717/peerj.9465.
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Rodent populations in arid grasslands do not always track seed production, possibly due to high levels of plant litter. When natural disturbances are suppressed, litter accumulates becoming physically complex, causing rodents to harvest fewer seeds per equivalent time foraging. It also alters security from predation. Restoring natural disturbances may be an important element in conserving rodent communities. The aim of this study was to assess the influence of two levels of plant litter cover and seed densities on nocturnal rodent population characteristics in a semiarid grassland. Specifically, I hypothesized that kangaroo rats, pocket mice, grasshopper mice, and total rodents would be higher in the sparse plant litter treatment than dense litter, whereas deer mice would be lower in sparse plots. I further hypothesized that kangaroo rats and deer mice would be higher in the seed augmented treatment compared to the unseeded treatment. A prescribed fire removed litter in four of eight plots prior to sowing native seeds 1 year postfire into two burned and two unburned plots. Rodents were live-trapped during spring and fall 1 year. Sparse litter treatment had higher total rodent abundance, biomass, and frequency of offspring compared to dense plots indicating use of stored seeds. Banner-tailed kangaroo rats had higher abundance, implying reduced predation risk. Pocket mice body mass was greater in dense plots. After winter, seeded plots had higher kangaroo rat body mass and grasshopper mice abundance than unseeded, reflecting the use of stored seeds. These short term results demonstrate litter’s physical complexity may be equivalent to seed pulses on the responses of nocturnal rodents. Managers might positively influence grassland rodents by providing a mosaic of varying levels of plant litter.
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Guimarães, Paulo R., Priscila F. M. Lopes, Mariana L. Lyra i Ana Paula Muriel. "Fleshy pulp enhances the location of Syagrus romanzoffiana (Arecaceae) fruits by seed-dispersing rodents in an Atlantic forest in south-eastern Brazil". Journal of Tropical Ecology 21, nr 1 (styczeń 2005): 109–12. http://dx.doi.org/10.1017/s0266467404001932.
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Rodents are the most diverse group of terrestrial mammals in neotropical forests (Emmons & Feer 1997). The interaction of rodents with plants is often pivotal for seed survival (Peres & Baider 1997, Vander Wall 1990). Many rodent species are seed predators (Brewer 2001, Galetti et al. 1992, Hoch & Adler 1997). However, some neotropical rodents, especially dasyproctids (such as Dasyprocta and Myoprocta) and echimyids (Proechimys), are important secondary seed dispersers for large-seeded plants (Forget 1993, 1994; Hoch & Adler 1997, Wenny 1999).
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Seifollahi, Zeinab, Bahador Sarkari, Mohammad Hossein Motazedian, Qasem Asgari, Mohammad Javad Ranjbar i Samaneh Abdolahi Khabisi. "Protozoan Parasites of Rodents and Their Zoonotic Significance in Boyer-Ahmad District, Southwestern Iran". Veterinary Medicine International 2016 (2016): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2016/3263868.
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Backgrounds. Wild rodents are reservoirs of various zoonotic diseases, such as toxoplasmosis, babesiosis, and leishmaniasis. The current study aimed to assess the protozoan infection of rodents in Boyer-Ahmad district, southwestern Iran.Materials and Methods. A total of 52 rodents were collected from different parts of Boyer-Ahmad district, in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, using Sherman live traps. Each rodent was anesthetized with ether, according to the ethics of working with animals, and was dissected. Samples were taken from various tissues and stool samples were collected from the contents of the colon and small intestines. Moreover, 2 to 5 mL of blood was taken from each of the rodents and the sera were examined for anti-Leishmaniaantibodies, by ELISA, or anti-T. gondiiantibodies, by modified agglutination test (MAT). DNA was extracted from brain tissue samples of each rodent and PCR was used to identify the DNA ofT. gondii.Results. Of the 52 stool samples of rodents studied by parasitological methods, intestinal protozoa infection was seen in 28 cases (53.8%). From 52 rodents, 19 (36.5%) were infected withTrichomonas, 10 (19.2%) withGiardia muris, and 11 (21.2%) withEntamoebaspp. Also, 10 cases (19.2%) were infected withBlastocystis, 3 (5.8%) were infected withChilomastix, 7 (13.5%) were infected withEndolimax, 1 (1.9%) was infected withRetortamonas, 3 (5.77%) were infected withT. gondii, and 6 (11.54%) were infected withTrypanosoma lewisi. Antibodies toT. gondiiwere detected in the sera of 5 (9.61%) cases. Results of the molecular study showedT. gondiiinfection in 3 (5.77%) of the rodents. Findings of this study showed that rodents in Kohgiluyeh and Boyer-Ahmad province, southwestern Iran, are infected with several blood and intestinal parasites; some of them might be potential risks to residents and domestic animals in the region.
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Asadollah Amiri, Mir, Nona Moradpour i Hassan Borji. "Prevalence of Parasitic Intestinal Infections in livestock in Kalat, Iran". Journal of Lab Animal Research 2, nr 3 (25.06.2023): 11–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.58803/jlar.v2i3.18.
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Introduction: Rodents are the largest group of mammals and act as a reservoir for many common human diseases, leading to societal health and economic problems. Due to the different prevalences of rodent-borne parasitic infections in various regions, this study was conducted to determine the prevalence of intestinal parasites in wild and domestic rodents in Kalat County, located in the north of Khorasan Razavi Province, Iran, in 2016.
Materials and methods: The study was performed using a descriptive method on 86 mountainous and domestic rodents randomly caught using live traps. After anesthesia and species identification, the gastrointestinal tract was dissected, and the digestive system worms were separated and preserved in 10% formalin until identification. The nematodes were clarified with lactophenol and stained with carmine acid. All worms were identified using diagnostic keys, and the results were presented using descriptive statistics.
Results: The prevalence of gastrointestinal worm infections in rodents in the study area was 75.5%. The captured rodents in this area included Microtus 46 (53.4%), Mus musculus 15 (17.4%), Pikas 13 (15.1%), Apodemus agrarius 11 (12.7%), and Allactaga elater 1 (1.1%). Six species of nematodes and one cestode species were identified in this study. The prevalence of parasitic infections shared between humans and rodents included Syphacia obvelata (83%), Aspicularis tetraptera (18.5%), Trichuris fossor (16.9%), Hymenolepis nana (6.1%), Heligmosomoides polygyrus (10.7%), and Nipostrongylus braziliensis (1.5%). Capillaria spp were found in 1.5% of rodents.
Conclusion: The results revealed a high prevalence of gastrointestinal worm infections in rodents, with an overall prevalence rate of 75.5% in Kalat, Iran. These findings highlight the potential health risks associated with rodent-borne parasitic infections in the study area and emphasize the importance of implementing effective control and prevention measures to mitigate the impact on human health and the local economy.