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Solanki, Pratik, i Sunil Sharma. "Performance Rating of National Highways Based on Road User Perspective – A Case Study of Kalka–Shimla Highway". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1084, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 012055. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1084/1/012055.
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Abstract The road network plays the most important role in the development of India’s infrastructure. Through the initiative of rating national highways, we will be able to set standards for quality highway services, and as a result, road users will receive excellent value for their money. Moreover, better quality Indian Highways will lead to safer travel experiences and consequently result in fewer road accidents and fatalities. The effort for evaluating the roads was done by US Department of Transportation in 1950s as has been highlighted in the Highway Sufficiency Rating Manual of 1952. However, these ratings were based only on efficiency and safety parameters, completely neglecting the user perspective and services. As the road users gain access to information about products and services in real time over the internet, they are more empowered than ever before. Thus, the performance evaluation of a highway stretch must include additional aspects associated with the user experience. This paper examines the real-time problems they face along the journey. National Highway authority of India (NHAI) and Ministry of Road Transport and Highways (MORTH) of India have framed Standard Operating Procedure (SOP) for assessment and rating of 4-6 lanes divided carriageway NHs based on road user perspective. Road user perspective carries a 20 per cent weightage in overall highway efficiency. A questionnaire survey was taken as part of the road user perspective study on the Kalka-Shimla NH No. 5 in the state of Himachal Pradesh in India. The highway scored 17.1 marks out of 20 based on users’ response, representing an 85.5% score, and indicating minor deficiencies regarding the selected highway facilities.
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Zanjad, Pratiksha. "Study of Smart Road with Glowing Lines". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 9, nr VII (15.07.2021): 1077–79. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2021.36514.
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In today’s globalized world, highway is the means to join countries, cities, towns etc. In recent years all the old technologies changed into new technology. All the things are changed but highways are not changed. The "Smart Highway with glowing lines" is the concept to make highway roads smarter, safer, and more energy efficient for generating energy using solar energy. In the part of Smart Highways with Glowing Lines the road glow in the dark lines is installed, called Glowing Lines. These lines collect energy during the day and give light in the evening. Here the landscape becomes an experience of light and information. As a result, this increases visibility and safety. Smart highways and smart roads are terms for a number of different proposals to incorporate technologies into roads like Smart Road with Glowing Lines, for lighting road at Night Time. This innovative concept creates an entirely new mobility experience for drivers, cyclists and pedestrians. Ideas from this testing ground are increasingly becoming part of our everyday landscape. Intelligent transportation systems usually refer to the use of information and communication technologies in the fields of road transport, including infrastructure, vehicles, users, traffic management and mobility management as well as interfaces with other modes of transport. This clearly shows that mobility can be smarter, more interactive and more sustainable without having to widen roads or lay more rail connections. It is simply a case of putting demand first.
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Sharma, Satish C., Akhtarhusein Tayebali i Afifi H. Soliman. "Some implications of the new speed–volume curves to highway user cost and sizing of roads". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 13, nr 2 (1.04.1986): 241–48. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l86-032.
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This paper investigates some implications of the speed–volume relationships for two-lane rural highways as proposed in the new edition of the U.S. Highway Capacity Manual, which is expected to be completed soon. The effect of the new speed–volume curves on road user costs is analysed by considering the case of Alberta Transportation. The analysis carried out in this paper indicates that the new speed–volume curves, when employed with the traditional values of other variables, such as vehicle running costs and value of travel time, produce cost–volume relationships that might appear unacceptable from both the highway agencies' and the road users' perspective. To overcome such a limitation it is suggested that a cost of comfort and convenience should be computed and added to the user cost.Basing their proposal on a survey of Alberta households and the actual practice of road sizing by Alberta Transportation, the authors present a generalized mathematical model to estimate the cost of comfort and convenience. The structure of the model and its independent variables include the considerations of (a) the relative importance of driving comfort as perceived by road users, (b) the unsatisfied demand (overtaking demand minus actual overtaking) curve, (c) the type of road use, (d) volume-to-capacity ratio, (e) desired highway speed, and (f) vehicle classification. The paper discusses and demonstrates how this model can be calibrated and used for economic analysis for designing and upgrading of rural highways. Key words: transportation, highway economic analysis, road user costs, cost of comfort, speed–volume curves, highway design.
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Techtonia, Mayskhye, i A. M. Tri Anggraini. "ANALISIS TANGGUNG JAWAB PELAKU USAHA PT. JASA MARGA TERHADAP PELANGGARAN HAK KESELAMATAN KONSUMEN PENGGUNA JALAN TOL DITINJAU DARI PERATURAN PEMERINTAH NOMOR 15 TAHUN 2005 TENTANG JALAN TOL." Jurnal Hukum Adigama 1, nr 2 (30.01.2019): 698. http://dx.doi.org/10.24912/adigama.v1i2.2910.
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Roads are one of the most important transportation infrastructures in people's lives and have an important role in the efforts to develop the life of the nation and state, especially the construction of toll roads that are safe and comfortable for journeys. But along with the development of the era, resulting in many problems that occur related to toll road safety, so the question arises: How is legal protection for consumers of toll road users in the right to safety on the highway? And How the Responsibilities of Business Actors PT. Jasa Marga regarding violations of consumer safety of toll road users in terms of Government Regulation Number 15 of 2005 concerning toll roads? As normative legal protection road users a toll had been arranged in several regulations which includes government regulation number 15 of 2005 and completed explicitly by law number 8 of 1999 on consumer protection. But what envisaged in the regulation in protecting and responsibility of have been given by PT. Jasa Marga not fully been implemented especially consumers road users toll in the soles safety on the highway
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Olkhova, Maria. "ROAD STUDS. HISTORY OF ORIGIN. TECHNICAL ANALYSIS AND THE ROLE IN TRAFFIC SAFETY". Avtoshliakhovyk Ukrayiny 1, nr 265 (25.03.2021): 56–63. http://dx.doi.org/10.33868/0365-8392-2021-1-265-56-63.
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Road studs is dotted devices with retroreflective elements or internal light sources fixed or embedded in the pavement of carriage way and / or on the roadside and by light signals warn, inform or guide road users in conditions of insufficient lighting. Road studs are intended for improving the visual orientation of drivers at dark time of the day and in adverse weather conditions on the highways, streets and roads of settlements. According to statistics, about 50% of all traffic accidents and accidents with fatalities and / or injuries occur on the highways in the dark time (night, morning and evening twilights). First road studs occurred on the roads in 1947. The inventor, Percy Shaw, had patented the device and opened his own factory for its production. After that their mass production, improvement and distribution worldwide, including Ukraine started. After the analysis of road studs usage in different countries, a new edition of GOST was developed, which allow considering in detail the location, requirements for color, installation methods, forms of the road studs, etc. According to foreign experts, the retro reflectivity is important for visual orientation in the dark time and has a positive impact on the traffic safety. Usage of retroreflective elements on the highways will increase the visibility of path of movement and stationary objects, which will significantly improve the safety of road users. Keywords: road studs, retroreflective elements, road safety, road accidents, highway.
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Maji, Avijit, i Manoj K. Jha. "Highway Alignment Optimization Using Cost-Benefit Analysis Under User Equilibrium". International Journal of Operations Research and Information Systems 2, nr 4 (październik 2011): 19–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4018/joris.2011100102.
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Usually, selection of a highway alignment depends on an economical route that minimizes alignment sensitive costs, such as construction cost, user cost, right-of-way cost, and earthwork cost. Most of the available highway alignment optimization algorithms do not consider traffic assignment and distribution of traffic as a result of the new road network consisting of the new alignment as well as other pre-existing alignments. Constructing a new highway will ease the traffic in the existing road network. Based on Wardrop’s principle, the users will choose a route that will minimize their travel-time. Users will unilaterally shift to the available routes for their benefit and thus, traffic flow will attain equilibrium. Theoretically, the equilibrium of traffic flow between the existing highway and the newly designed highway alternative can be achieved by a user equilibrium model. A new methodology is developed in this paper to optimize a new three-dimensional highway alignment based on the existing highway alignment system information using a cost-benefit analysis approach. The results are quite promising for new road design and bypass construction since benefit maximization and cost minimization is performed simultaneously while attaining user equilibrium.
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Ali Muhammad Anwar, John Engbonye Sani, Isa Ibrahim Hassan, Abubakar Ahmad Shehu, Rowland Bologi Ahiome i Badamasi Abdulrahman. "Effect of defects on highway quality". World Journal of Advanced Engineering Technology and Sciences 5, nr 2 (30.04.2022): 103–13. http://dx.doi.org/10.30574/wjaets.2022.5.2.0050.
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This study investigates the causes, effects and remedies to defects on highway as it affects quality along Pipeline road in Kamazo, Chikun Local Government Area of Kaduna State. The methods used in data collection are, GIS used in mapping the congested area, use of questionnaire and oral interview. One hundred (100) copies of questionnaires were administered to drivers and passengers using the road, in which Cross-Tabulation and 5-point Likert Scale was used for the analysis. Common defects observed are: Potholes, cracks, silt deposit on roadway, honey combs, depression, grasses on shoulders, scouring, fade markings, road signs, vegetation in hydraulic structures, structural failure of hydraulic structures, loss of materials, failed pavement, etc. Common causes of quality defects on highways are: High volume and frequency of heavy duty trucks; roadway as predominant mode of transportation; Lack of maintenance culture; Poor budget allocation for maintenance. Poor funding; defective Design; Poor construction; Defective constructional materials; Poor supervision; Poor drainage system; Defective implementation of QC/QA protocols; Age of road, etc. Common effects of quality defects on highways are: Defective road quality; Inability to forecast travel time; Fuel consumption; Induces stress on road users; Frequent vehicle breakdown on the roadway; High cost of transportation fare indices for inflation; Loss of time on the roads; Accident; Defective distribution of goods and services; Defective security emergency response, etc. Possible remedies to these defects are: provision of adequate funding to maintenance agencies; collate data from monitoring and evaluation; schedule and plan for maintenance; diversify travel modes; improve on QA/QC required for roadwork; provide coordinated and computerized weigh bridge and regular collection of axle loads data; tax vehicles according to axle load beyond certain boundaries to generate fund required to maintain roads; road markings and furniture to be in place; provision of lightings; quality supervision; use of quality materials to required standard & specifications; adopt build-operate-transfer (road retainer ship).
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PAMUNGKAS, Yulius Harya, Moch BAKRI, Prija DJATMIKA i Rachmad SAFA'AT. "Criminal Policy in The Management of Road Traffic Accidents". PRIZREN SOCIAL SCIENCE JOURNAL 4, nr 2 (31.08.2020): 78–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.32936/pssj.v4i2.156.
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Acceleration in modern life requires acceleration, including acceleration on the highway. The accumulation of interests that are centralized on this highway creates a conflict of interest that ends in material loss or loss of life. Many road users do not realize that the legal consequences of negligence are categorized as criminal acts because they cause others to suffer. Legal politics the issuance of Law Number 22of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation as an embodiment of criminal policy to provide legal protection and legal certainty for citizens who are casualties of road traffic accidents. Through criminal policy, it is expected that there will be order, smoothness, security in road traffic and legal certainty and legal protection for road users.
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Hayes, Ian F., i Ross L. Goldingay. "Use of fauna road-crossing structures in north-eastern New South Wales". Australian Mammalogy 31, nr 2 (2009): 89. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/am09007.
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The vast network of roads around the world has had a significant effect on wildlife and ecosystems through habitat fragmentation, reduced dispersal and mortality by collision with vehicles. Road agencies worldwide now frequently install dedicated structures to facilitate the safe crossing of roads by wildlife. We conducted surveys to determine the use of dedicated wildlife overpasses and nearby underpasses at two locations on the Pacific Highway in north-eastern New South Wales. Road-kill surveys were conducted to provide some understanding of the species commonly killed and whether the rate of road-kill was lower at one location where crossing-structures were located. Use of the crossing-structures by wildlife was monitored with sand-transects. The most frequent users were macropods, bandicoots and rodents. Macropods made greater use of overpasses (n = 104 tracks) than underpasses (n = 36), whereas underpasses were used more by bandicoots (n = 87) and rodents (n = 82) than were overpasses (n = 28, n = 15, respectively). We identified 78 road-kills of 21 species on two sections of the Pacific Highway over a 7-week period. Bandicoots (n = 16) and macropods (n = 9) were the most frequently observed victims. The mortality of wildlife was lower along the highway section with the crossing-structures (0.04 road-kills km–1) than it was along the highway section without structures (0.15 road-kills km–1). The lack of replication precludes any firm conclusion that the crossing-structures reduced road mortality but the high level of use of the crossing-structures by species that were common victims of road-kill suggests an influence.
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Dwiyantara, Arga, Anton Budiharjo i Djarot Suradji. "Sistem Informasi Penilaian Keselamatan Jalan Tol Dengan Menggunakan Star Rating Berbasis Webgis (Studi Kasus : Jalan Tol Cikopo-Palimanan)". Jurnal Keselamatan Transportasi Jalan (Indonesian Journal of Road Safety) 6, nr 1 (1.06.2019): 37–49. http://dx.doi.org/10.46447/ktj.v6i1.40.
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The highway is one solution to improve the smoothness of the traffic. Service with a verysmall side constraints make this road used as an option for road users to get to thedestination quickly. Ho wever, with the increase in the highway users, then the level ofhighway services should be tailored to the needs of the service. Based on those deemed toogeneral to be used in assessing the safety performance of highway infrastructure. Based onthese problems required great value for each of the indicators that affect highway safety anddesign of Information Systems Highway Safety Assessment. With the aim of the study,appropriate research methods is the method of Research and Development, known by theterm Research and Development (R & D). After the analysis, it can be seen that the impactof the highway Cipali each section has a value range between 60-100 and star rating on thehighway Cipali that there are 3 and 4 in each section.
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Grigoropoulos, Georgios, Seyed Abdollah Hosseini, Andreas Keler, Heather Kaths, Matthias Spangler, Fritz Busch i Klaus Bogenberger. "Traffic Simulation Analysis of Bicycle Highways in Urban Areas". Sustainability 13, nr 3 (20.01.2021): 1016. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su13031016.
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The ongoing increase of bicycle traffic in urban areas forces transport authorities to reconsider the space allocation for different transport modes. Transport policies favor the introduction of high-quality bicycle infrastructure along urban corridors to improve the traffic quality and safety for bicyclists but more importantly to increase the attractiveness of bicycling and over vehicular modes. Especially in urban areas with an already established high and steadily increasing share of bicyclists, the introduction of bicycle highways is considered to further alleviate saturated interurban public transport and motor vehicle connections and increase the average traveled distance by non-motorized modes. Due to the expensive implementation costs and the space restrictions in already built-up urban environments, there should be an extensive planning phase for defining the expected changes in traffic efficiency and safety. However, the effects of urban bicycle highways on traffic performance metrics of bicyclists as well as other road users are not thoroughly studied. This paper aims to quantify and assess the potential effects of urban bicycle highway on road users. The study considers a possible inner-city pilot route in the city of Munich, where the present bicycle infrastructure is planned to be upgraded to a bicycle highway. A simulation model is designed using traffic data from field observations and future estimates for the traffic composition. Through microscopic traffic simulation, the potential effects of the introduced infrastructure on road users are determined for different study scenarios. Results show that traffic quality thresholds for bicycle highways, as defined in official guidelines, can only be fulfilled through the implementation of special bicycle traffic control measures such as bicycle coordination or bicycle passage time extension. Finally, unidirectional bicycle highways together with bicycle passage time extension provided the best overall traffic performance for bicycle traffic and motor vehicle traffic.
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O, Lanovoy, Kyselov V i Vyhovska I. "LATEST ASSESSMENT OF TRAFFIC CONDITIONS ON ROADS «TRIAD OF TRAFFIC»". National Transport University Bulletin 1, nr 48 (2021): 166–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.33744/2308-6645-2021-1-48-166-177.
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The article explores the driving conditions for determining the demand of drivers of vehicles for the movement of roads, the road conditions of which should ensure this demand. The object of the study is automobile international and national transport corridors. When optimizing the management of the complex transport system «International, national and local traffic flows - Automotive International and National Transport Corridors» (MNMTP-AMNTC) can be sought to achieve different goals (criteria of optimality), and, depending on these goals, consider the different tasks of optimal management. On road transport, including in this concept of the system of communication routes (highways), the following tasks are the most important: ensuring the least time of communication at limited road costs; - ensuring the specified time of communication at the lowest road costs; - ensuring the lowest transport costs at a limited level of road costs; - ensuring the lowest road costs at a limited level of transport costs; - ensuring the maximum possible level of traffic safety at a limited level of road costs; - ensuring the required level of traffic safety at the lowest road costs; to achieve a minimum of road costs, provided that the specified volume of traffic (traffic), the specified speed and the necessary safety of traffic; ensuring maximum road capacity at a limited level of road costs. According to its parameters, the MMMTP-AMNTC refers to complex systems, the main characteristics of which are: efficiency indicator; stability; obstruction; Reliability. The newest approach of the «Traffic Triad» will allow to evaluate the functioning and ensure the rational management of any transport system with a focus on meeting the needs of users of highways - road users. KEYWORDS: HIGHWAY NETWORK, INTERNATIONAL, NATIONAL AND LOCAL TRAFFIC FLOWS, ROAD INTERNATIONAL AND NATIONAL TRANSPORT CORRIDORS.
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Khan, Jamal Ahmed, Muhammad Bilal Khurshid, Arshad Hussain i Asif Azam. "A Multidimensional Analysis of Factors Impacting Mobility of Open-Access Multilane Highways". Infrastructures 7, nr 10 (20.10.2022): 143. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/infrastructures7100143.
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Open-access multilane highways have a significant share in the highway network of Pakistan and other developing countries in Asia. These highways have high access density, design inconsistency, and other operational characteristics that differentiate them from partially controlled-access multilane highways. This study identified significant factors affecting the mobility of open-access highways based on road users’ perceptions as well as field observations. An interview-based questionnaire survey from local respondents and an in-service road survey formed the database for the present study. Questionnaire survey results showed that heavy traffic was the most critical mobility influencing factor on open-access multilane highways, followed by road width and condition, whereas the result of multilinear regression revealed that the most significant variable was access density, followed by the flow and pedestrian crossings. However, it was concluded that controlling access density, preventing pedestrian crossings, and improving pavement condition will improve the mobility of open-access multilane highways.
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Muslim, Husam, i Jacobo Antona-Makoshi. "A Review of Vehicle-to-Vulnerable Road User Collisions on Limited-Access Highways to Support the Development of Automated Vehicle Safety Assessments". Safety 8, nr 2 (6.04.2022): 26. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety8020026.
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This study aims to provide evidence to support the development of automated vehicle (AV) safety assessments that consider the possible presence of non-motorized vulnerable road-users (VRUs) on limited-access highways. Although limited-access highways are designed to accommodate high-speed motor vehicles, collisions involving VRUs on such roadways are frequently reported. A narrative review is conducted, covering the epidemiology of VRUs crashes on limited-access highways to identify typical crash patterns considering collisions severity and the underlying reasons for the VRUs to use the highway. The review results show that occupants alighting from a disabled or crashed vehicle, people seeking help or helping others, highway maintenance zones, police stops, and people crossing a highway should be given priority to ensure VRU safety on limited-access highways. The results are summarized in figures with schematic models to generate test scenarios for AV safety assessment. Additionally, the results are discussed using two examples of traffic situations relevant to the potential AV-VRU crashes on highways and the current performance of autonomous emergency braking and autonomous emergency steering systems. These findings have important implications for producing scenarios in which AV may not produce crashes lest it performs worse than human drivers in the proposed scenarios.
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Sunil i Abhishek Sharma. "Roadway Safety Assessment and Star Rating using iRAP along SH-11A (Jind-Kaithal) in Haryana". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 889, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012036. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/889/1/012036.
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Abstract Figures cross 3,500 deaths and casualties on roads all around world every day in low- and middle-income countries and contribute about 90% of the 1.25 million road deaths. This number of road deaths is projected to increase by 50 percent by 2020. The compound problem for developing countries is caused by the rapid development of roads, irrespective of design or security, lack of attention to vulnerable road users and lack of a culture of road safety (i.e., safe behaviour, vehicle safety regulations, road safety policy, road safety assessment, and enforcement). This paper deals with the star rating and road safety assessment of State Highway-11A, Jind-Kaithal, Haryana though the section is straight but numerous causalities were reported on the route in recent years. ViDA, an online road safety assessment and star rating analysis tool is used to get the Star Rating Scores and Safer Roads Investment Plans.
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Ademiluyi, Isreal A. "The Challenge of Road Traffic Accidents in the Third World: The Nigeria’s Experience (1960-2010)". Asian Review of Civil Engineering 1, nr 2 (5.11.2012): 28–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51983/tarce-2012.1.2.2185.
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The incidence of road traffic accident is rising worldwide. However, fatalities from automobile crashes are said to be higher in developing countries where the number of motor vehicles relative to the population is generally much lower than in the developed countries. The paper examines the rising tide of carnage on the highways in the third world countries but particularly in Nigeria. In carrying out the detailed study, road traffic accident data (1960-2010) in Nigeria were obtained from the Federal Road Safety Commission (FRSC). Additional relevant information and data were generated from other stakeholders such as the police and hospital sources as well as the accident victims (motorists/commuters). The data was analysed using the least square method. The equation of the trend line for casualty cases was computed. The regression coefficient shows that there has been an upward trend in accident casualty between 1960 and 2010. Accidents on the country’s highways are caused by several and diverse factors including roads in dangerously poor conditions, poor maintenance of vehicles, indiscipline on the parts of motorists/motorcyclists and other road users, ignorance of highway code on the part of a large proportion of Nigerian drivers and corruption by some traffic law enforcement agencies. The paper recommends some measures that can ensure effective and sustainable accidents reduction on the country’s highways.
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Ghaeli, Reza, Bruce G. Hutchinson, Ralph Haas i David Gillen. "Pavement and Bridge Cost Allocation Analysis of the Ontario, Canada, Intercity Highway Network". Transportation Research Record: Journal of the Transportation Research Board 1732, nr 1 (styczeń 2000): 99–107. http://dx.doi.org/10.3141/1732-12.
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Continuous growth of road transportation demand has resulted in soaring rates of road deterioration and maintenance costs. Full road cost recovery by direct charging of road users is gaining more popularity as governments face pressure to reduce general taxes, and full road cost recovery can promote more efficient use of the road system. A sound charging system requires reliable models for infrastructure deterioration and sound methodologies for cost allocation. In Ontario, new pavement performance models have been recently developed with more emphasis on separating the effects of traffic from the effects of environmental forces on flexible pavements in different geographic locations. The recent models and data have been used to investigate the cost implications of different vehicle configurations and road characteristics for the Ontario pavements and bridges. The results are used for the allocation of costs to various users of the road system. The results generally have implied that initial road design specifications, vehicle configurations, and the types and locations of roads could significantly affect user cost responsibilities. The analyses determined that proper selection of vehicles and payload amounts could result in up to 6 percent savings in pavement costs. The analyses showed that a fair and efficient cost allocation can be achieved by consideration of various vehicle and road characteristics and their interrelated cost implications, rather than solely on the basis of damage implications of each vehicle.
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Navin, Francis P. D. "Reliability indices for road geometric design". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 19, nr 5 (1.10.1992): 760–66. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/l92-087.
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Highway engineers, when asked to state the safety of a particular design, are usually at a loss to give a single meaningful measure as is possible in structural or geotechnical engineering. This paper outlines a method to estimate the margin of safety and reliability index for isolated highway components. The stopping sight distance is used to demonstrate the method. The method uses the basic highway design equations. On the assumption that the variables are random, the expected value of the mean and the variance are estimated; and from these the margin of safety and the reliability index are calculated. The most likely combination of variables for the existing design condition may also be estimated. The variables included represent the characteristics of the driver, the vehicle, and the road surface.A method is proposed to specify the design parameter's value representing a road's strategic importance, the users, the vehicles, the drivers, the environment, the terrain, and the standard of design and construction. The apparent advantage of the proposed reliability-based method is that the designer must explicitly specify the importance of the modifying factors and may also more closely investigate the behaviour of the variables in the design parameters in the critical region near noncompliance. Key words: limit states design, stopping sight distance, safety, highway design, reliability.
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Ahemed, Mateen, i Dr Sunil Sugandhi. "Review Paper on RSA: A Descriptive Approach Towards Road Safety of Dhandhuka to Dholera (Sh-20) In Gujrat State". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 8 (31.08.2022): 731–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.45998.
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Abstract: Every year road crashes result in loss of lakhs of lives and serious injuries to crores of people. In India itself about eighty thousand people are killed in road crashes every year. The present transport system has minimized the distances but it has on the other hand increased the life risk. In most of the cases crashes occurs either due to carelessness or due to lack of road safety awareness of the road user. Hence, road safety education is as essential as any other basic skills of survival. Our aim is to provide road safety information for road users to encourage safer road user behavior among current and prospective road users and reduce the number of people killed and injured on our roads every year. In this study, the section of road from ‘’(Dhandhuka to Dholera road State highway 20)” near Ahmedabad in the state of Gujrat. Road taken having considerable traffic during day time and some black spots on the road where accidents takes place continuously. A detailed analysis of road is carried out on the basis of data collection like classified traffic volume study, accidental data collection, potholes on road data collection, road safety signs and symbols, crust details of existing road etc.
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Sukmawati, Linda, i Rifki Sadikin. "Segmentasi Jalan Berlubang Citra Jalan Raya Menggunakan Metode Thresholding Dan K-Means". Jurnal Teknik Komputer 9, nr 2 (2.08.2023): 89–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.31294/jtk.v9i2.15211.
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Abstract - One of the important meanings for human life is the road. The road is used as a means of transportation which has very useful planning in the development of human life. In 2018, based on statistical data, the number of motor vehicle users in Indonesia is increasing every year, reaching 146,858,759 units. Seeing the number of the enhancement of motor vehicle users, the impact occured. Many roads are damaged and the conditions are very unsettling and concerned for the road users. One of the most common damages is that there are many holes in the road, which can increase the accidents’ risk. Based on science and technology development, one of the causes for the lengthy time to repair road damage is due to calculating the area of each damage manually and it takes a relatively long time. For this reason, this study aims to perform image processing in the form of segmentation on the image of a potholed road on the highway using the Thresholding algorithm and K-Means, followed by the calculation of the area and perimeter of the hole. The results of this study were obtained with 106 images of potholed roads, then segmented and calculated the area and circumference can be read properly using a program that has been designed. Keywords: Segmentation, Thresholding, K-Means
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Montoya-Alcaraz, Marco, Alejandro Mungaray-Moctezuma, Julio Calderón-Ramírez, Leonel García i Cynthia Martinez-Lazcano. "Road Safety Analysis of High-Risk Roads: Case Study in Baja California, México". Safety 6, nr 4 (9.10.2020): 45. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/safety6040045.
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The objective of this research is to develop a useful procedure to assess and identify risks that promote accidents by road users, with the vision of improving safety through the implementation and technical employment of operative strategies. The relevance of this proposal lies in the fact that the issue of traffic accidents is a global problem. This project is located in the mountain range of Baja California, Mexico, in the Centinela–La Rumorosa highway and integrates accidental and pavement surface condition data, geometric design performance, analysis of traffic signals, and road safety devices present on the road using geodetic techniques. It is concluded that this procedure contributes to determining risk areas that promote accidents and generate a risk reduction plan to support future decision-making that guarantees better performance for road users. Furthermore, it is highlighted that the analysis of road safety must be a permanent process for those who operate, design, and build the road system.
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Singh Rajput, Vikram, Santosh Kumar Sar, Shweta Singh i Vijita Diwan. "Environmental impact assessment of proposed NH-6 of Chhattisgarh". Journal of Applied and Advanced Research 2, nr 2 (11.04.2017): 67. http://dx.doi.org/10.21839/jaar.2017.v2i2.60.
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NH 6 is the national highway which connects Mumbai to Kolkata. Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) process for the proposed NH 6 Toll Road project has been undertaken in accordance with the EIA Regulations. Proposed project road connecting the villages and towns by providing better quality and safe roads to the users in a sustainable and environment friendly manner. Government of India (GoI) through Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEF) enforces Environment (Protection) Rules, 1986 for environmental protection because of intervention of new projects or activities, or on expansion and modernization of existing projects or activity based on their environmental impacts.
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Aldulaimi, Hamid Shimal, i Bassem Ben Hamed. "Highway Vehicles’ Overtaking Classification". Transport and Telecommunication Journal 23, nr 4 (1.11.2022): 284–92. http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/ttj-2022-0023.
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Abstract Highway users can apprehension to certain subjects with utilizing of Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks (VANET) applications if the rules for safe overtaking movement are violated to make the lane change maneuver between vehicles on the highway road. In our research, we suggest an algorithm for semi-automated vehicles S-AV compliant lane change to emphasize rules for safe overtaking between vehicles on the highway. The proposed algorithm technique classify the safe overtaking into major categories and critically analyzed them depending on various classes of lane change movements between vehicles interrelated to road condition based on different performance criteria; this technique will add awareness to drivers traveling on highway to increasing the comfort and safety of driving. Finally, we have conclude and suggest research issues associated to Vehicular Ad-hoc Networks to investigate and ensure the real-time decision of safe overtaking between vehicles on the highway, which is important research task to motivate researchers to connect the semi-automated vehicles with driver face emotion detection and increase driving safety.
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Budiawan, Wiwik, Sriyanto, Singgih Saptadi, Ary Arvianto, Harun Pamuji i Pertiwi Andarani. "DESIGN OF TRAFFIC ACCIDENT PREDICTION MODEL IN TOLL ROAD USING A DECISION TREE ALGORITHM". International Journal of Applied Science and Engineering Review 03, nr 06 (2022): 11–31. http://dx.doi.org/10.52267/ijaser.2022.3602.
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A toll road is a road that the users are obligated to pay, which is held to improve efficient transportation services. Although toll roads have relatively more ideal conditions than highway roads, many traffic accidents still occur on the road. Toll road managers collect operational data on toll roads, including daily traffic, weather, and accident data. One of the solutions to increase the level of toll road safety is to design an accident prediction model through data mining. In this paper, the prediction model was made using attributes according to the framework consisting of day, type of road surface, weather conditions, road surface conditions, time of occurrence, driver sex, and type of vehicle. The prediction model was built to predict certain areas' probability and severity of accidents. The prediction model is built using the decision tree algorithm. The results show that the attributes used can predict the severity of accidents with 39.73% accuracy. The most vulnerable area is in section B on 9 to 10 km, with a total number of accidents of 13.17% of total accidents.
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Oke, Sunday Ayoola, Ayokunle Bamigbaiye, Oluwafemi Isaac Oyedokun i Oliver Ekpere Charles-Owaba. "A MATHEMATICAL MODEL TO SET SPEED LIMITS FOR VEHICLES ON THE HIGHWAY". TRANSPORT 21, nr 4 (31.12.2006): 278–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/16484142.2006.9638079.
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The purpose of this paper is to develop a mathematical model that could guide certain speed limits for vehicles on roads. Excessive speeds on roads have been a major indirect cause of deaths on highways due to the sudden impact of vehicles that lead to accidents. The model presented here is developed on a measure of impact force of two vehicles engaged in a head‐on collision. A hypothetical case study was investigated based on the impact of force on the human body. The results showed a variation of speed with occupation position distance. The paper also examines the role of seatbelt as a safety feature for vehicle occupants. Practically, developing a quantitative approach for evaluating the impacts of speed would help road regulatory authorities in reducing accidents and deaths on roads. It would also assist them in tracking “road traffic offenders” by setting controls to which road users must conform.
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Putri, Rosalina Indah, I. Ketut Sukadana i Ni Made Sukaryati Karma. "Ketaatan Pengguna Jalan dalam Tertib Berlalu Lintas di Wilayah Hukum Polresta Denpasar". Jurnal Konstruksi Hukum 2, nr 3 (1.07.2021): 553–57. http://dx.doi.org/10.22225/jkh.2.3.3640.553-557.
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The order and safety of the driver is very important, one of the conditions for the driver to have a driver's license. Article 281 of the LLAJ Law clearly regulates sanctions for motorists who do not have a SIM, of course with the hope that no more traffic violations will occur. There are still many motorcyclists in the Denpasar Police jurisdiction who violate driving regulations by not having a SIM. which is an obligation for all motorists on the highway without exception. This study aims to explain the obedience of road users to Article 281 of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning road traffic and transportation and to reveal the police's efforts to overcome the low traffic compliance of motorized vehicle users in the jurisdiction of Denpasar City. This research is designed with empirical legal research with a Legislative approach. The data used are primary and secondary materials obtained through interviews and documentation. the data is processed quantitatively in tabular form and analyzed qualitatively. Obedience of road users to Article 281 of Law Number 22 of 2009 concerning Road Traffic and Transportation, is still very lacking, this is due to the lack of awareness of road users, so they are still very dismissive and negligent in making driving licenses. Police efforts in overcoming the low traffic compliance of motorized vehicle users in the jurisdiction of Denpasar City, namely providing an introduction to traffic order from an early age to children, counseling and socialization, especially to students, students and directions to Banjar residents, as well as delivering orderly information. traffic and the development of the situation on the highway through social media.
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Mortimer, Rudolf G. "Oh! Say, Can You Hear that Train Coming to the Crossing?" Proceedings of the Human Factors and Ergonomics Society Annual Meeting 38, nr 14 (październik 1994): 898–902. http://dx.doi.org/10.1177/154193129403801422.
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How effective is the horn on trains in alerting motorists, cyclists and pedestrians of the approach of a train to a highway-railroad crossing? Road users become aware of trains approaching crossings either by seeing them, hearing the warning horn or by warning devices at the crossing. Auditory warnings have some advantages over others, but practical problems of sound transmission and the noise environment of road users limit their effectiveness. Factors that affect the audibility of train horns and crossing bells are discussed. Train and crossing bells are generally effective for persons in their immediate environment, but are relatively ineffective for occupants of closed vehicles. Because of the lack of reliability of the detectability of auditory warning signals provided to motorists and others approaching rail-highway crossings, they should visually scan the tracks to ascertain the presence of a train.
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Setyabudi, Besar. "Kajian Peran Tempat Istirahat (Rest Area) Kendaraan Guna Menurunkan Tingkat Kecelakaan Dan Kelelahan Pengemudi Pada Jalan Tol Ruas Jakarta-Cikampek". Warta Penelitian Perhubungan 23, nr 4 (15.05.2019): 371. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/warlit.v23i4.1092.
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gased on statistical data from PT Jasa Marga (Persero) Tbk. In 2010. Factor tops the driver's 1egligence caused the accident Jakarta-Cikampek toll road. A total of 1404 incidents in high:uay accidents caused by driver factor. because of lack of anticipation of the driver when the Jehicle in front will precede the 713 incidents, 620 incidents a sleepy driver, do not order 24 7Jents, 38 events off guard, and drunk six events and other three events. On the factors causng the accident vehicle tire that is 229 events, 67 events from tension brake, skid 51 incidents, )1 incidents of mechanical damage, damage to the engine 7 events and Iain seven events. ::reeways or highways, segments of Jakarta-Cikampek a way that can be traversed at high peed and is able to shorten the travel time of the middle density of public roads. However, this Jjten causes an accident that not a few lives. One contributing factor is fatigue and sleepiness as t travels away from the driver. rhe results of this study is gathering suggestions fram users abaut the existence of the highway rest rrea that can function both associated with a reduction in toll road accident rate and its facilities fesired by the driver when they are in the resting place of the vehicle after releasing tired vehicles. Keywords: Rest, Fatigue, Driver
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Ismail, Junairiza, i Alamah Misni. "Assessment for Local Road Scenic Routes Conservation - Tanjung Karang to Sabak Bernam". IOP Conference Series: Earth and Environmental Science 1067, nr 1 (1.10.2022): 012005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1755-1315/1067/1/012005.
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Abstract Nowadays, many people are interested in using the highway rather than using the local road to go to their destination. The roads have many interesting points that can attract road users to use the road. Still, the road user did not consider the existing natural and cultural landscape as one of the attractions in the area. It can make the loss of the value of the natural and artistic at the location. This study was conducted to identify the scenic view observable along the scenic route and the influence on the road user along the Tanjung Karang to Sabak Bernam road. The study had used the mixed-method, which is qualitative and quantitative. The scenic routes provided access to people to go to the natural and cultural features. Besides that, it also identifies the road that will intrigue the road user according to the uniqueness, naturalness, vividness, attractiveness and unity of the study area.
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Tehrani, Saleh Sharif, Lynne Cowe Falls i Darel Mesher. "Road users’ perception of roughness and the corresponding IRI threshold values". Canadian Journal of Civil Engineering 42, nr 4 (kwiecień 2015): 233–40. http://dx.doi.org/10.1139/cjce-2014-0344.
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One of the primary objectives of highway agencies in Canada is providing a safe and reliable road network with a good level of service. In the Province of Alberta specific International Roughness Index (IRI) threshold values classify pavements into good, fair, and poor condition categories to manage and schedule rehabilitation and maintenance programs. This research investigated the significant factors that affect the perception of road roughness and established IRI threshold values for good, fair, and poor road condition based on public perception. A questionnaire was designed to investigate the road users’ perception and included questions covering gender, age, familiarity with the road, type and model of car, and perception of road roughness. In addition, psychometric scaling analysis was used to develop a set of IRI threshold values for classifying road condition based on public perception in the Province of Alberta. According to the results of the survey, Alberta Transportation threshold values of IRI do not agree with the road users’ opinion and an alternate set of threshold values was developed. The analysis of the survey results identified that trip purpose, driving experience, dry surface, and familiarity with the road are the most significant factors that influence the perception of road roughness.
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Martins, Mateus A., Thalles V. Garcez, Ana Paula H. de Gusmão, Lucimário G. O. Silva i Jônatas A. de Almeida. "Multicriteria Model Based on FITradeoff Method for Prioritizing Sections of Brazilian Roads by Criticality". Mathematical Problems in Engineering 2020 (29.12.2020): 1–15. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2020/8894402.
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Three of the most important objectives of the Federal Road Police (Patrol) when managing the traffic on federal roads in Brazil are to ensure that there is an efficient movement of traffic under stable conditions and minimal traffic congestion problems that the federal highways are safe and that accidents do not occur. Therefore, multiple matters are relevant for road safety and user security, such as prompt maintenance of these highways, regular monitoring of their state of conservation and their characteristics; controlling the traffic; and preventing and combatting criminal activities on the highways. However, considering the vast network and different conditions of roads, the different types of traffic accidents and their consequences, and different levels of violence on federal roads, it is essential that these roads undergo regular maintenance and regular inspections, are constantly patrolled, and are subject to continuous improvements. Therefore, defining the prioritization and criticality of roads takes on the characteristics of a multicriteria decision, given the multidimensional aspects of the risks inherent in them. Thus, this paper presents a multicriteria decision model for prioritizing road sections, based on their criticality and the risks that users face. The model was applied using the FITradeoff method, due to its flexibility and due to it requiring less cognitive effort from the decision-maker with regard to providing information regarding his/her preferences. A case study was undertaken on a set of the federal roads of the state of Pernambuco (Brazil), covering 22 different sections with different characteristics. As a result, it was possible to rank and identify the most critical sections of a highway. The use of FITradeoff gave support to decision-making on ordering the sections and also let a general analysis of the data be undertaken.
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Silva, Juliana Rezende, Cleverson Alves De Lima, Niel Nascimento Teixeira i Eder de Assis Moraes. "CARACTERIZAÇÃO E DIAGNÓSTICO DAS PATOLOGIAS EM UM TRECHO DA RODOVIA BR-010 BELÉM-BRASÍLIA: subtrecho entre os municípios de Imperatriz (MA) e Governador Edson Lobão (MA)". Revista de Gestão e Secretariado (Management and Administrative Professional Review) 14, nr 8 (11.08.2023): 13257–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.7769/gesec.v14i8.2429.
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This article assessed the main problems encountered on the BR-010 highway, between Imperatriz and Gov. Edson Lobão cities, Maranhão state. The section was subdivided into ten parts with similar characteristics for flexible pavement conservation evaluation, according road agency technical criteria. The criteria set out in DNIT 005/2003 - TER were applied for pavement investigation and defects evaluation; and, a continuous visual survey for problems types quantification was applied, provided by DNIT 008/2003 - PRO, which resulted in three qualitative indices for the pavement running condition, surface condition and degradation degree. These methods provided a road section overview, which can be extrapolated to other sections given similar maintenance conditions, indicating recovery and conservation planning problems for great importance road in national transport, ensuring economy and comfort to users of the highway.
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Czyrka, Krzysztof, Józef Frąś, Olga Borowiecka i Marcin Frąś. "Negation of logistics rules in managing the operation of motorways in Poland". Logistics and Transport 39, nr 3 (2018): 15–20. http://dx.doi.org/10.26411/83-1734-2015-3-39-5-18.
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Costs for tolling a motorway in Poland should take into account not only profits of owners and managers, but also difficulties and losses incurred by road users. Lack of liquidity of travel, high tolls do not have a positive impact on the country's economic development. The nervousness and stress of drivers and passengers trapped in cars standing in traffic jams in front of the gates on motorways, they indicate an important social problem. The costs of fuel burned during forced stops, costs of harmful effects on the environment, pollution from car exhaust emissions while waiting on the highway before the gates are a significant burden. Failure to ensure the conditions for a smooth ride causing the need to wait on the highway before the gates is an example of disregarding people, wastage and deliberate harm to the environment for disproportionate profits charges for using the highways.
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Ramakrishna, Maanyam, i Bandaru Ramesh. "Identification and Mitigation of Blackspots and Implementation of An Advanced Traffic Management System on NH-216A (A Spur of National Highway-16)". International Journal for Research in Applied Science and Engineering Technology 10, nr 5 (31.05.2022): 345–56. http://dx.doi.org/10.22214/ijraset.2022.42177.
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Abstract: As the population is increasing day by day the number of vehicles is also increasing. As the number of vehicles is increasing, the number of accidents also increases. Analysis of previous data indicates that 66% of the accidents occur due to human error and 33% due to road parameters such as road and vehicle interaction, other road users, and environmental factors. Road safety has recently become a major concern in most modern societies. The identification of sites (black spots) that are more dangerous from an accident point of view can help in better scheduling road safety policies. The study includes the collection of accident data and prioritizing the accident-prone locations by using the Weighted Severity Index (WSI) method. This study includes the identification of Accidental Black Spots and improving these Accidental Black Spots by using ATMS. This project emphasizes accident studies on the National Highway-216A (Diwancheruvu to Siddantham) in East Godavari District, State of Andhra Pradesh, India. So the main aim of this study is, therefore, to identify the major accident black spots on National Highway -16 and mitigation of Accidental Black Spots by using Advanced Traffic Management System. Keywords: Accident, National Highway, Black Spots, Advanced Traffic Management System (ATMS), Weighted Severity Index (WSI).
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de Bortoli, Anne, Adélaïde Féraille i Fabien Leurent. "Towards Road Sustainability—Part II: Applied Holistic Assessment and Lessons Learned from French Highway Resurfacing Strategies". Sustainability 14, nr 12 (15.06.2022): 7336. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su14127336.
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Roads are major transportation infrastructure whose sustainability of maintenance practices has never been holistically assessed due to a lack of a proper method. This paper applies a newly developed assessment method (see article part I) on a 10-km-long section of French highway to fully compare the performance of various types of pavement resurfacing policies, for all the maintenance stakeholders, and considering pavement–vehicle interaction (PVI). After presenting the highway section and the parametrization of the model, four alternative resurfacing frequencies are compared to the French standard maintenance scenario over the pavement lifespan. Results show that increasing resurfacing frequency generates gains in terms of domestic production and employment, environmental damage (health, biodiversity, resources), user budgets, and local residents’ health damage created by traffic noise. Conversely, it entails financial losses for the road operator and government (tax revenues and net present value), as well as time losses for users. On the contrary, the consequences of a decrease in this frequency are the opposite. Excess fuel consumption due to PVI governs the scale of the environmental and financial gains or losses of highway maintenance policies. Optima in terms of health returns on investment and user savings appear to be around a 50% increase in maintenance funding: for each additional euro spent by the operator, there is a user gain of 3.5 euros and a human health gain of 710 euros. Sensitivity analyses indicate that the marginal gains are highly sensitive to the thickness of the resurfacing technique for macroeconomic indicators, global Net Present Value, and operator savings, while the gains are proportional to the traffic and International Roughness Indicator deterioration speed for tax revenue, users’ savings, time savings, noise, and environmental metrics. The other indicators are either slightly or not sensitive to these parameters. To conclude, the entire road maintenance system must be redesigned, from the tax system and funding schemes to the prioritization of road “green practices”, to align all the stakeholders’ interests towards a globally more sustainable road system.
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Wijanarko, Iwan, i Mohammad Agung Ridlo. "FAKTOR-FAKTOR PENDORONG PENYEBAB TERJADINYA KEMACETAN STUDI KASUS : KAWASAN SUKUN BANYUMANIK KOTA SEMARANG". Jurnal Planologi 14, nr 1 (5.01.2019): 63. http://dx.doi.org/10.30659/jpsa.v14i1.3859.
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Sukun region located in the southern city of Semarang is an activity node meetings between Semarang Upper and Lower part. In addition to the node activity, regional transport node Sukun is also because of the intersection between Setia Budi roads and highways. The rapid growth of traffic is felt at Setia Budi roads, this is because of the way as the initial point of entry into the city of Semarang from the south ( Yogyakarta - Solo ) both vehicles are going to Semarang and the entrance to the highway with a wide range of purposes. And trading activity and the presence of onsite services that are in the area resulted in increased activities of road users, the incidence of traffic generation and the high side barriers, which at certain hours of congestion and delays often occur. The research methodology used in this research is by using Deductive Quantitative Methods Rationalistic. With the technique of factor analysis and analysis of transportation, so it can be determined Level Of Service and factors - factors driving the cause of congestion in the area Sukun Banyumanik. The final results obtained from the analysis of the factors driving the causes of congestion on area Sukun is that congestion is due to the on site activity, the high capacity of the road, next to the barrier height and geometric conditions of the road.
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Damaskou, Efterpi, Fotini Kehagia, Ioannis Karagiotas, Apostolos Anagnostopoulos i Magdalini Pitsiava-Latinopoulou. "Driver’s Perceived Satisfaction at Urban Roundabouts—A Structural Equation-Modeling Approach". Future Transportation 2, nr 3 (1.08.2022): 675–87. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/futuretransp2030037.
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In recent years, the use of roundabouts in road networks has reflected a sustainable and modern solution for traffic intersections. Their implementation, integrated design, and proper evaluation are a necessity to achieve their beneficial results. According to the latest edition of the Highway Capacity Manual (HCM) and the Highway Capacity and Quality Service (HCQS), a comprehensive evaluation of a roundabout is based on the interchangeable use of the LOS (level of service) and QOS (quality of service). Both manuals describe the LOS criteria, which are the same as those currently used for unsignalized at-grade intersections, while the QOS methodological description and criteria are not specifically defined. The quality of service, which corresponds to road users’ perceived satisfaction, is determined by identifying and evaluating certain factors that have an impact on users. While the previous work on evaluating the quality of roundabouts is limited, this work aimed to present and evaluate the concept of QOS for urban roundabouts in Greece and to assess the factors that affect drivers’ perceived feeling of comfort. The methodology used for the research, included data collection via an on-line questionnaire addressed to the users of the Greek road network and a statistical analysis based on the performance of six latent variables named quality components (exploratory factor analysis). A structural equation model (SEM) was used to determine the causal relationship between primary factors and quality components. It was noted that the SEM cannot predict the travel behavior but it has ability to express relationships between unobserved and observed variables. The results of the revealed model are of great value for the development of: (a) a comprehensive conceptual framework of the QOS and (b) a critical analysis of the parameters that should be considered for the assessment of the QOS of a roundabout. Identifying the factors that influence road users’ perception in terms of safety and comfort (quality of service) leads to a better knowledge and understanding of the road network characteristics that are important to road users and that influence their behavior and level of satisfaction.
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Mardiana, Tetty Sulastry. "BENEFIT EVALUATION OF REST AREAS IN THE INTERSTATE HIGHWAY NETWORK Case Study Cikopo Palimanan (Cipali) Rest Areas". Jurnal Penelitian Transportasi Darat 21, nr 1 (17.02.2020): 47–58. http://dx.doi.org/10.25104/jptd.v21i1.1236.
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Cikampek-Palimanan so called Toll Cipali is a part of trans-Java network, also the longest road in Indonesia along 116.75 km. In Government Regulation No. 15 of 2005, among others, set on every intercity toll roads are equipped with rest area (rest area ) and services for the benefit highway users. The presence of the rest area is expected to solve the congestion concentration in one point (the toll booth), so that the process to unravel congestion during peak times is more easily implemented. This study aimed to get an idea of the importance of rest area along the Cipali road in meeting basic needs and expectations of users of toll roads and his contribution to unravel congestion along cikampek-palimanan toll road. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approaches. The types and sources of data, namely primary data by observation in the field and interviews or questionnaires to users and managers rest area cikampek-palimanan toll road km 130 and km 166. The scope of the research starts from the inventory results of studies that have been done before, inventory management policies toll road, inventory management policies rest area , rest area existing capacity analysis, analysis based on rest area user expectations, analysis of toll road management policy, analysis of management policies rest area , conclusions and recommendations. The result is that level of expediency rest area km 130 states that the benefit level is moderate and the rest area at km 166 expressed high level of expediency rest area . The average vehicle entry / min at rest area KM 130 is 1.23 vehicle / min, and the vehicle exit is as much as 1:29 vehicle / min. With an average duration of parking per vehicle for 24 minutes. The average vehicle entry / min at rest area 166 is 2 vehicles / minute, and the vehicle exit is as much as 1 vehicle / min. With an average duration of parking per vehicle for 39 minutes. Location of the rest area to another rest area along cikampek-palimanan toll road has been compliance with applicable laws, less than 50 kilometers (farthest distance is 28.4 km from the rest area rest area km 102 to km 130). Locations rest area KM 130 and 166 toward palimanan based Technical Guidelines How Siting Rest in Highway No.037 / T / BM / 1999, already exceeding the positioning or the distance from the toll gate to the facility location based fatigue resting place for driver, which is 20.3 km (rest area km 130) and 8.7 km (rest area km 166).
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Taylor, Brendan D., i Ross L. Goldingay. "Cutting the carnage: wildlife usage of road culverts in north-eastern New South Wales". Wildlife Research 30, nr 5 (2003): 529. http://dx.doi.org/10.1071/wr01062.
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Culverts have been used for a number of decades in Europe and the USA to reduce wildlife road-kills. In Australia, culverts have been employed by road authorities only relatively recently. This study used sand-strip surveys to investigate wildlife usage of nine purpose-built culverts along a 1.4-km section of the Pacific Highway at Brunswick Heads, north-east New South Wales. Surveys during two eight-day periods in spring and summer 2000 found 1202 traverses by wildlife through the culverts. Frequent culvert users were bandicoots (25% of traverses), rats (25%), wallabies (13%) and cane toads (14%). All culverts were used by these species, suggesting that at least several individuals of each species were involved. Infrequent users (each <2% of crossings) were possums, echidnas, lizards, birds and introduced carnivores. A koala was recorded crossing on two occasions. The long-nosed potoroo was observed in the surrounding habitat but was not confirmed traversing the culverts. Surveys for road-kills on this road section suggest that the exclusion fence bordering the highway prevented mammal road-kills and channeled mammals to the culverts. A single survey on a wet night found many frogs crossing the road surface and many were killed. This study confirms that culverts and exclusion fencing facilitate safe passage across a road for a range of wildlife species. This suggests that this form of management response to extensive road mortality of wildlife is appropriate and should be adopted more widely. However, this form of mitigation is not effective for frogs.
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Winston, Clifford, i Ashley Langer. "The effect of government highway spending on road users' congestion costs". Journal of Urban Economics 60, nr 3 (listopad 2006): 463–83. http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.jue.2006.04.003.
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Montoya-Alcaraz, Marco, Alejandro Mungaray-Moctezuma i Leonel García. "Sustainable Road Maintenance Planning in Developing Countries Based on Pavement Management Systems: Case Study in Baja California, México". Sustainability 12, nr 1 (19.12.2019): 36. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su12010036.
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The objective of this research is to develop a useful procedure that allows the collection, analysis, processing and updating of pavement conditions data, with the vision of generating inputs for the implementation of sustainable strategies for maintenance and rehabilitation of roads, based on pavement management systems. The relevance of this proposal lies in the fact that road management agencies in most of the developing countries have limited resources, staff and data to plan the interventions carried out on road networks. The proposed model comes from a work that has been done since 2014 to date, on the Centinela-La Rumorosa Highway, located in the state of Baja California, Mexico. Results integrate data gathered from analyzing the surface and structural conditions of its pavement and the study area, as well as the operating conditions of the road, including a georeferencing process in order to determine critical points in the network, and simulation to determine the effects of maintenance work carried out annually. It is concluded that the proposed planning model contributes to the improvement of highway performance, since it allows planning and administering the allocation of resources in making appropriate maintenance and rehabilitation decisions. Additionally, it allows to generate valuable inputs for pavement management systems implementation. The foregoing allows road management agencies in developing countries to provide a quality transportation system to their users.
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Mahanpoor, Mohammad, Saeed Monajjem i Vahid Balali. "Sustainable Highway Maintenance: Optimization of Existing Highway Vertical Alignment Considering Pavement Condition". Sustainability 11, nr 6 (19.03.2019): 1659. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/su11061659.
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Any change in the geometric configuration of the existing road affects other dependent elements such as travel time, fuel consumption, and existing pavement. This paper quantifies these effects and finds an optimum geometric configuration. Three separate models are developed in this research: (1) the travel time model which predicts vehicles flow speed on the specified geometric condition, traffic composure, and evaluates the imposed costs to the road users; (2) the fuel consumption model, which estimates needed propulsive force and anticipated fuel for vehicles passing through the road; and (3) the pavement rehabilitation cost model considering two main constraints of existing pavement condition and project line elevation. The developed pavement rehabilitation model proposes the best solution for pavement rehabilitation practice and computes associated costs. Particle Swarm Optimization (PSO) is used to find the optimum solution in a minimization problem search space. The proposed model is applied to a real-world case study. Results show that there is an extremely less tendency for change, even with the existence of adverse geometric conditions, when there is a relatively good pavement condition. In the case of deteriorated pavement conditions, economic justification for geometric modification is required.
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Rodhi, Nova Nevila. "Risk Analysis of Surabaya – Bojonegoro Highway Improvement Project Based on Fuzzy Logic". Civilla : Jurnal Teknik Sipil Universitas Islam Lamongan 7, nr 1 (15.03.2022): 57. http://dx.doi.org/10.30736/cvl.v7i1.789.
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Infrastructure development is one of the efforts to improve the welfare of the community, but in its implementation, road construction projects have risks that can have an impact on the project as well as on the external side of the project. This research is a case study on the road widening project of Bojonegoro – Surabaya KM 107. The purpose of this research is to analyze the risks in the project using fuzzy logic. Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the Bojonegoro - Surabaya highway widening project has 10 risk factors, namely noise, air pollution, heavy equipment vibration, traffic accidents, congestion, reduced parking space, increased fuel consumption of road users, decreased income of people in surrounding locations, conflict between road users, covid 19. The results of the analysis using a risk matrix, all risk factors are at a moderate level, but the results of the analysis using fuzzy, there are 2 risks that are at a high level, namely traffic congestion and a decrease in people's income in surrounding locations.
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Lu, Yuan, Shengyong Yao i Yifeng Yao. "Research on the Intelligent Assignment Model of Urban Traffic Planning Based on Optimal Path Optimization Algorithm". Scientific Programming 2022 (13.01.2022): 1–7. http://dx.doi.org/10.1155/2022/3002923.
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Congestion and complexity in the field of highway transportation have risen steadily in recent years, particularly because the growth rate of vehicles has far outpaced the growth rate of roads and other transportation facilities. To ensure smooth traffic, reduce traffic congestion, improve road safety, and reduce the negative impact of air pollution on the environment, an increasing number of traffic management departments are turning to new scientifically developed technology. The urban road traffic is simulated by nodes and sidelines in this study, which is combined with graph theory, and the information of real-time changes of road traffic is added to display and calculate the relevant data and parameters in the road. On this foundation, the dynamic path optimization algorithm model is discussed in the context of high informationization. Although the improved algorithm’s optimal path may not be the conventional shortest path, its actual travel time is the shortest, which is more in line with users’ actual travel needs to a large extent.
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Ortega Hortelano, Alejandro, Jose Manuel Vassallo i Juan Ignacio Pérez. "OPTIMAL WELFARE PRICE FOR A ROAD CORRIDOR WITH HETEROGENEOUS USERS". Transport 34, nr 3 (8.05.2019): 318–29. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/transport.2019.9685.
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In some countries it is fairly common to see two roads with the same origin and destination competing in the same corridor. One of them is usually a toll highway that offers a better quality to the users compared to its alternative: a free parallel single road, which might be tolled as well. This kind of transport network has been largely studied in the academic literature and particularly the optimal combination of tolls that maximizes economic efficiency. If both roads are tolled the problem is known as the first best, otherwise it is called the “untolled alternative”. There is a gap regarding how income distribution affects the optimal toll. The main objective of this paper is to add knowledge in the area by analysing the influence of the distribution of the Values of Travel Time (VTT) of the users of this corridor on the optimal combination of tolls. To solve this problem, the authors define a mathematical model aimed at obtaining the optimal welfare price for this kind of corridor under the hypothesis that drivers decide over the expectation of free flow conditions. The results show that the higher the average VTT the higher the optimal price, and the higher the dispersion (variance) of this VTT the lower the optimal price. It was also found that low income users who are not able to internalize externalities should not travel. Finally, first best pricing and untolled alternative schemes match for high income users
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Zamri, Muhammad Ariff, i Noorfaizah Hamzah. "The Implementation of Intelligent Traffic Management System in Solving Traffic Congestion: A Survey of Federal Route 3214". Journal of Physics: Conference Series 2319, nr 1 (1.08.2022): 012032. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/2319/1/012032.
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Abstract Due to advancements in the automobile industry’s technology, the usage of private vehicles, particularly cars, by civilians has grown widespread in this period of globalization. Moreover, the country’s business and trade procedures are improving year after year. This scenario has resulted in significant traffic congestion, air pollution, and inevitable accidents, especially on the Shah Alam-Puchong Highway. As a result, the government proposed the Intelligent Traffic Management System (ITMS) utilising the Internet of Things (IoT) as an alternative to extending the road system, which may be expensive. This method assists authorities in tracking, monitoring, processing, and managing traffic more effectively, therefore reducing traffic congestion concerns. This study report presents a survey on the effectiveness of the ITMS installation on Federal Route 3214 (Shah Alam-Puchong Highway) in reducing traffic congestion. The information gathered is evaluated using Microsoft Excel and the Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software. The factors that contribute to traffic congestion and the mean impact of the traffic congestion on road users, society, and the economy of the Shah Alam-Puchong Highway are determined in this study. Furthermore, this study also evaluates the probabilities of IoT hardware utilisation in ITMS at Shah Alam-Puchong Highway.
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Mahatmaputra, Samuel, Erwin Permata i William William. "Deteksi Kemacetan Lalu Lintas Melalui Kamera menggunakan Pin Hole Algorithm". ComTech: Computer, Mathematics and Engineering Applications 2, nr 2 (1.12.2011): 821. http://dx.doi.org/10.21512/comtech.v2i2.2833.
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This paper describes the modifications to the Pinhole algorithm and applies it to the detection of highway congestion using an IP camera. This algorithm can detect the congestion on the highway with a fairly high degree of accuracy and the small possibility of false alarms, so that it helps reporting congestion and road users to take into account the best and quickest way. The methods used in this research are literature study, questionnaire analysis, and evaluation of application performance. The application made in this study can be further developed for combined detection with many cameras, and can support traffic regulation as well as SMS gateway service to check the condition of a road segment. At the end of this paper are presented techniques and methodology of determining the parameter values used in the calibration.
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Smith, David W. "V2P Future". Traffic Technology International 2021, nr 4 (grudzień 2021): 20–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.12968/s1356-9252(23)40557-6.
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From highway construction workers to cyclists, vulnerable road users are, by definition, the most in need of protection on our streets. New connectivity technologies promise to be able to bring pedestrians and others into the V2X ecosystem, but which are the best solutions? And how can we ensure that deployment proceeds safely and equitably?
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Wei, Lian Yu, Jue Hou, Liang Chen i Jin Bang Zhang. "Effect of Toll Rate for Toll-by-Weight Expressway on Vehicle Volume". Applied Mechanics and Materials 178-181 (maj 2012): 1877–80. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amm.178-181.1877.
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First of all, the influence of toll-by-weight road traffic and truck models was analyzed, and the flow which choose the expressway and ordinary road was obtained by the separation model ; then the rate influence on different traffic flow types was analyzed by applying sensitivity analysis; finally, developed the empirical analysis of Hebei section of Expressway Jing-Hu, and the proposal for highway management department whose aims at balance the traffic flow in road net , stabilize the fees amount of management department and increase the expressway users benefit to draw up the reasonable rate based on the relationship above has been raised.
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Sarrami, Pooria, Patricia Lemin, Zsolt Balogh, Hardeep Singh, Hassan Assareh, Benjamin Hall, Christine Lassen i in. "Are highway constructions associated with increased transport incidents? A case study of NSW Pacific Highway construction zones 2011-16". Journal of Road Safety 32, nr 1 (1.02.2021): 17–23. http://dx.doi.org/10.33492/jrs-d-20-00230.
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Transport incidents are among the major causes of trauma and injury in Australia and worldwide. While improving infrastructure can decrease the rate of incidents, the required construction imposes challenges regarding simultaneous public use of the relevant road sections. This study focused on construction zones along the New South Wales (NSW) Pacific Highway. We aimed to investigate if the rate of people who had major trauma as a result of a transport incident in a construction zone was higher than the rate of people with similar incidents at other times. This was a retrospective study, conducted by screening the data of patients admitted to the trauma services, or who died due to traffic incidents on the NSW Pacific Highway 2011-2016. We identified 35 causalities who experienced a traffic incident within a construction zone, 19 of these incidents occurred during the construction dates and 16 before or after those dates. The rate of casualty in construction periods was 2.21 per 1000 days, which is significantly higher than the rate in non-construction periods (1.2 per 1000 days, p-value: 0.037). There was no significant difference between the age, injury severity score and mortality rate of casualties who had an incident during the construction dates and those who had an incident in non-construction periods. This study indicated that the rate of incidents increased at NSW Pacific Highway construction zones during construction periods. More investigation is needed to improve the safety of road users during highway road constructions.