Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Road

Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Road”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 4 czerwca 2021
Data aktualizacji: 14 marca 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Road"

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Nurmala, Corry, Baba Barus i Umar Mansyur. "Kajian Daya Dukung Jalan dan Prioritas Penanganannya di Perbatasan Kota Depok dengan Kota Administrasi Jakarta Selatan". TATALOKA 22, nr 1 (28.02.2020): 15–26. http://dx.doi.org/10.14710/tataloka.22.1.15-26.

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Roads carrying capacity can be interpreted as a road capacity to support passing vehicles. This study was aimed to determine the priority of road handling at border of Depok City with South Jakarta by looking at the physical condition, road equipment and supporting facilities, costumer satisfaction and roads carrying capacity. Using descriptive analysis method for the physical conditions of roads and road equipment, CSI methods for the results of questionnaires and LoS for roads carrying capacity. The results showed that the road conditions in the category of moderate and lightly damaged conditions, conditions of road equipment and supporting facilities in South Jakarta were better than those on roads in Depok City and roads costumer satisfaction index in the category was less satisfied and quite satisfied. Roads carrying capacity at the border is in the fairly good to very bad category. The priority of road handling is determined, for roads at Depok City are first priority for Margonda Road, second priority for Kukusan Raya Road and Tanah Baru Road and for roads at South Jakarta are first priority for Lenteng Agung Raya Road, second priority for Srengseng Sawah Road, third priority for Moh. Kahfi 1 Road and Moh. Kahfi 2 Road.Keywords: Carrying Capacity, Handling Priority, Road
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Zhou, Cheng, Wenjing Li i Hongguo Jia. "ROAD NETWORK GENERALIZATION BASED ON FLOAT CAR TRACKING". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (10.06.2016): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-xli-b4-71-2016.

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Road generalization is not only helpful to simplify complicated road networks but can also satisfy the needs of reasonable display of roads under varying scales, thus offering basis for updating and grading urban roads. This paper proposes a selection method for road network generalization by integrating road-associated vehicle trajectory dynamic properties and road features and calculating the importance of urban roads. First of all, the location and motion information of floating vehicles are associated to relevant roads to generate the dynamic properties of roads. Then, the dynamic and static properties of roads are analyzed, and the cluster analysis is conducted to the trajectory points at road intersections to obtain the importance of some road intersections there are vehicles passing by. Afterwards, the weights of roads are calculated using the dominance rough set, the roads are ranked by weight and the practical significance of ranking results is analyzed. Finally, the selection rules for the basic framework of road network are determined to meet with different requirements and guarantee both connectivity and completeness of road networks. The results show that the relative importance of roads is made clear by taking advantage of the rough set and the generalized road network highlights the distribution and connection of urban main roads.
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Zhou, Cheng, Wenjing Li i Hongguo Jia. "ROAD NETWORK GENERALIZATION BASED ON FLOAT CAR TRACKING". ISPRS - International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences XLI-B4 (10.06.2016): 71–77. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/isprsarchives-xli-b4-71-2016.

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Road generalization is not only helpful to simplify complicated road networks but can also satisfy the needs of reasonable display of roads under varying scales, thus offering basis for updating and grading urban roads. This paper proposes a selection method for road network generalization by integrating road-associated vehicle trajectory dynamic properties and road features and calculating the importance of urban roads. First of all, the location and motion information of floating vehicles are associated to relevant roads to generate the dynamic properties of roads. Then, the dynamic and static properties of roads are analyzed, and the cluster analysis is conducted to the trajectory points at road intersections to obtain the importance of some road intersections there are vehicles passing by. Afterwards, the weights of roads are calculated using the dominance rough set, the roads are ranked by weight and the practical significance of ranking results is analyzed. Finally, the selection rules for the basic framework of road network are determined to meet with different requirements and guarantee both connectivity and completeness of road networks. The results show that the relative importance of roads is made clear by taking advantage of the rough set and the generalized road network highlights the distribution and connection of urban main roads.
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Steinbergs, Raitis, i Maris Kligis. "Improving Traffic Safety By Using Waze User Reports". IOP Conference Series: Materials Science and Engineering 1202, nr 1 (1.11.2021): 012031. http://dx.doi.org/10.1088/1757-899x/1202/1/012031.

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Abstract Road inspection regularity and existing types made by road maintenance crew have not been good enough to be aware what is really happening on the roads. Road users' contribution in road traffic safety is very important to ensure fast reaction on different road hazards. It is important to ensure not only the most common ways to report road hazards on state roads by phone, by email and on social media, but also expand data sources options in modern and user-friendly way. Waze navigation application already had functionality to report road hazards – to warn other application users, but no one acted to solve these road hazards until someone reported them through existing communication channels supported by Latvian State roads or Latvian road maintainer. To ensure better road traffic safety and faster reaction time on road hazards solving, Latvian road maintainer gained access to Waze report feed, and, in corporation with Riga Technical university, made a system for analysing and processing Waze data. As the result - Latvian roads maintainer can improve road safety by faster reaction to road hazards reported by Waze users. Today, up to 70 % from total reports processed by Latvian road maintainer are generated by Waze.
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Choudhary, Pratibha, i Prerana Arora. "Forgiving Roads Design – Way to achieve SDG 3.6". Ecology, Environment and Conservation 28 (2022): 193–97. http://dx.doi.org/10.53550/eec.2022.v28i07s.031.

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Road engineering is a major component of entire road ecosystem and its design plays a significant role in creating safe or unsafe road environment for any crash to be happen or not. Pillar 2 of Decade of Action for Road Safety talks about “Safer Road Infrastructure” where roads are to be designed to meet atleast 3 star safety ratings to 5 star ratings of safety standards of all types of road users – pedestrians, bicyclists, 2- wheeler and four wheeler motorized vehicles. Thus, a concept of Forgiving roads adopted where roads are designed with considering safety features that accepts the mistakes of road users and reduces the chances of intensity of fatalities and injuries on roads.
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Pollard, Danica, i Tamzin Furtado. "Public Roads as Places of Interspecies Conflict: A Study of Horse-Human Interactions on UK Roads and Impacts on Equine Exercise". Animals 11, nr 4 (9.04.2021): 1072. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/ani11041072.

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Real or perceived traffic risk is a significant barrier to walking and cycling. To understand whether similar barriers influence equestrians, this study obtained exercise behaviours, road use and experiences of road-related incidents from UK equestrians (n = 6390) via an online questionnaire. Multivariable logistic regression models were used to identify factors associated with road use and experiencing a near-miss or injury-causing incident in the previous year. Content analysis identified themes around equestrians’ decisions not to use roads. Our results show that most equestrians (84%) use roads at least once weekly, and in the previous year, 67.7% had a near-miss and 6.1% an injury-causing incident. Road use differs regionally, with exercise type and off-road route availability. Road-using equestrians covered greater daily distances and were younger. However, younger equestrians were at higher risk of near-misses. Respondents’ decisions not to use roads were based on individualised risk assessments arising from: the road itself, perceptions of other road users, the individual horse and the handler’s own emotional management. Roads were perceived as extremely dangerous places with potentially high conflict risk. Injury-causing incidents were associated with increasing road-use anxiety or ceasing to use roads, the proximity of off-road routes, having a near-miss and type of road use. Targeted road-safety campaigns and improved off-road access would create safer equestrian spaces.
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Sakamoto, Shinichi, Taiki Fukuda, Miki Yonemura i Hyojin Lee. "Road traffic noise mapping based on aerial photographs - sound power level determination of road vehicles". INTER-NOISE and NOISE-CON Congress and Conference Proceedings 263, nr 1 (1.08.2021): 5523–27. http://dx.doi.org/10.3397/in-2021-3130.

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As the first step to obtain a city urban area noise map of road traffic noise, sound power levels of vehicles on the roads should be accurately estimated over a wide area. In Japan, ASJ RTN-Model 2018 was proposed as the representative road traffic noise prediction model, and by using the model sound power level of a vehicle can be determined if the vehicle type, traveling speed, and driving mode are known. As such data on urban road network, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and Transport of Japan publishes the road traffic census including road traffic volume and travel speed of major roads in Japan. The data, however, is limited to major roads and there is no data on minor roads. In this study, to estimate noise condition and situation on arbitrary road, a method for estimating the traveling speed and the traffic volume of vehicles on the road from aerial photographs was examined. Road traffic noise levels along several roads in Tokyo were analyzed by the proposed method and the validity of the calculation results were verified by comparing with short-time measurement results obtained along the target roads.
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Sanjaya, Hamdan Tri, i Ricardo O. M. Hutapea. "GEOMETRI JALAN ANGKUT DAN JARI-JARI TIKUNGAN MENGGUNAKAN TEORI AASHTO PADA PT PRO INTERTECH INDONESIA KOTA SORONG PROVINSI PAPUA BARAT". INTAN Jurnal Penelitian Tambang 3, nr 2 (1.04.2022): 98–102. http://dx.doi.org/10.56139/intan.v3i2.60.

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Hauling road is an important aspect to support hauling activities in a mining operation. Better hauling road conditions will optimalize production, where is consistent with production plans and targets. The calculation of road conditions should be adjusted to the needs. The road geometry is a part of road planning which focuses on the physical condition of the road so that it can fulfill the road function. In addition to the geometry of the hauling roads, water can also affect the condition of the hauling roads. Therefore, it is important to conduct an evaluation of the hauling road conditions. Based on the calculation results, the straight road width is 8,575 meters, the hauling road width at the bend is 19,356 meters, while the straight road width in the field is about 7.6 meters and for curves in the field about 9 meters. From the field processed data, it is indicated that the existing hauling roads at PT Pro Intertech Indonesia mining operation has not fully met the hauling road requirements. Therefore, it is necessary to widen the hauling road in the operation area.
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Jakulytė, Sandra, Alfredas Laurinavičius i Virgaudas Puodžiukas. "KELIO SKERSINIO PROFILIO PARINKIMO PAGAL PROJEKTINĮ VIDUTINĮ PAROS EISMO INTENSYVUMĄ IR SUDĖTĮ METODIKOS ANALIZĖ / ANALYSIS OF ROAD CROSS-SECTION DESIGNING CONSIDERING DESIGNED TRAFFIC VOLUME". Mokslas - Lietuvos ateitis 11 (10.10.2019): 1–5. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/mla.2019.10589.

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Road design elements are being discussed in society. Traffic congestion is a reason why sometimes new road elements is not working. Roads are designed by their function in the world. It is known that the roads are classified according to their functional purpose. Functional purpose is a criteria, which determines road design class and road category. Normative documents in analyzed countries define analysis of road capacity and road level of service. This analysis must be done in road design process. Methodology of road cross-section designing rewied in this arcticle.
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Kapustin, Petr. "The road". проект байкал 19, nr 72 (31.07.2022): 26–35. http://dx.doi.org/10.51461/projectbaikal.72.1975.

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A complete embodiment of the line in the world of architectural or near-architectural forms is undoubtedly the road, the binding thread. The essay considers roads as an ideal type, especially the roads outside settlements, which form, as the author seeks to show, a dialectical pair with cities. Other significant pairs are the landscape/road; place/”non-place”; interior/exterior, which are also the subject of the given reflections.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Road"

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Nashed, Rose-Marie. "Electric roads as future road transport : A study of Electric Road System (ERS) to facilitate sustainable road transport for passenger cars". Thesis, KTH, Energiteknik, 2019. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-250892.

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Sweden is a geographically large and sparsely populated country, with a need for road transport for individuals as well as for logistics. Domestic road transport largely contributes to air pollutions, where passenger cars account for the largest share. Looking ahead, the present rate of reduction of emissions is not enough to reach the climate targets of a fossil free transport sector.  Electric road system (ERS) has emerged to deal with drawbacks of electric vehicles. Several solutions are being evaluated at demonstration projects. Until now, ERS is mainly associated with heavy vehicles and the relation to passenger cars is not as clear, where this study explores the social advantages of ERS and passenger cars.  A case study is conducted, where an ERS implementation between Helsingborg and Malmö as part of the European route E6 in Sweden is modelled. The NPV with an economic lifespan of 20 years and an interest rate of 3.5 percent amounts to 350 MSEK, considered as high profitable. The CO2 emissions of the studied system would be reduced by 102 000 tonnes CO2, corresponding to a decrease of about 60 percent. Looking at the studied system, heavy trucks are contributing to the most impact. Nevertheless, there is great potential for passenger cars utilising ERS to decrease their emissions and fuel costs.  Several semi-structured interviews have been conducted to highlight the prevailing views of ERS and passenger cars and the impact of cost-benefit analysis (CBA) for decision-making of transport investments. Several diverse views of ERS and passenger cars exist. ERS is a large investment, where the main need is among heavy vehicles. However, the profitability would increase as the amount of vehicles utilising ERS increases. In a future road transport system, it is possible that several technologies such as ERS, fast chargers and autonomous vehicles could be utilised simultaneous, and complete each other rather than being substitutes. It is conceivable that ERS is planned out of the needs of heavy vehicles, where passenger cars might benefit of the system as well. More passenger cars would likely utilise ERS as it is implemented to a greater extent.  Further, CBA could provide a perception of the investment. However, it does not ensure that the projects are performed or chosen out of highest NPV, since several aspects besides the profitability are considered. Available information of ERS for CBA is yet limited and more data, such as effect relations is needed to facilitate well-founded decisions. In the future, it is likely that CBA of transport investments would become more complex, where several technologies would be considered. The transport sector will most likely alter, and existing assessment methods will presumably be adjusted in line with this.
Sverige är ett geografiskt stort och glesbefolkat land med ett stort behov av vägtransporter för såväl privatpersoner som för logistik. Inrikes vägtransport bidrar i stor utsträckning till luftföroreningar, där personbilar står för den största andelen av utsläppen. Den nuvarande minskningstakten av utsläpp är inte tillräcklig för att nå klimatmålen om en fossilfri transportsektor.  Elvägar (ERS) har utvecklats för att hantera utmaningar med elfordon. Flera lösningar av teknologin testas vid demonstrationsprojekt och hittills är ERS främst förknippat med tunga fordon. Dock är relationen till personbilar inte lika tydlig, där denna studie undersöker de samhälleliga fördelarna med ERS relaterat till personbilar.  En fallstudie har genomförts, där en installation av ERS mellan Helsingborg och Malmö som en del av E6 i Sverige modelleras. Nettonuvärdet med en ekonomisk livslängd på 20 år och en internränta om 3,5 procent uppgår till 350 MSEK, vilket betraktas som hög lönsam. Koldioxidutsläppen från det studerade systemet skulle minskas med 102 000 ton CO2, vilket motsvarar en minskning med drygt 60 procent. Utifrån det studerade systemet bidrar tunga lastbilar till den största inverkan. Likväl finns stor potential för personbilar att nyttja den installerade elvägen för att minska sina utsläpp och bränslekostnader.  Flera semistrukturerade intervjuer har genomförts för att lyfta fram de rådande synsätten på ERS och personbilar och effekterna av samhällsekonomiska analyser (CBA) vid beslutsfattande av transportinvesteringar. Det finns flera olika synsätt på ERS relaterat till personbilar. ERS är en stor investering, där det största behovet finns bland tunga fordon. Emellertid ökar lönsamheten med antalet fordon som använder systemet. I ett framtida vägtransportsystem är det möjligt att flera teknologier såsom ERS, snabbladdning av elbilar och autonoma fordon utnyttjas samtidigt och används som komplement istället för att ersätta varandra. Det är tänkbart att ERS planeras och installeras utifrån behoven hos tunga fordon, där även personbilar kan dra fördel av systemet. Dessutom är det sannolikt att fler personbilar skulle utnyttja ERS allteftersom det installeras i större utsträckning.  Vidare kan CBA ge en uppfattning om investeringen. Det säkerställer dock inte att projekten genomförs eller väljs utifrån högsta nettonuvärde, eftersom flera aspekter utöver lönsamheten beaktas. Tillgänglig information om ERS för CBA är ännu begränsad och mer data såsom effektsamband behövs för att säkerställa välgrundade beslut. I framtiden är det troligt att CBA av transportinvesteringar blir mer komplexa, där flera tekniker behöver beaktas. Transportsektorn kommer sannolikt att förändras, och befintliga bedömningsmetoder kommer förmodligen att anpassas i linje med detta.
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Walls, Liam D. "Quantifying road surface quality for underground haul roads /". [St. Lucia, Qld.], 2006. http://www.library.uq.edu.au/pdfserve.php?image=thesisabs/absthe19802.pdf.

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Fiskaa, Sverre, i n/a. "Road Maps - Navigating the Road Movie". RMIT University. Creative Writing, 2006. http://adt.lib.rmit.edu.au/adt/public/adt-VIT20080627.154735.

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This Master of Arts project in Creative Writing was submitted to the School of Creative Media at Royal Melbourne University of Technology. It contains a full length feature screenplay for an un-produced road movie entitled Free Radicals. It is primarily a dark love story between the drug-addicted rent boy Roman and the budding actor, the protagonist Jonathan. It is however written in a conventional structure familiar to Hollywood professionals, and a good deal of humour is used to attract interest in the story. The storyline itself is more familiar to the audience of road movies and independent features in the US or European Art House ventures. The exegesis explores the history and the conventions of the road movie genre, in addition to the established and not often debated conventions of screenwriting theory. The thesis attempts to show how these theories were applied to the screenplay and how they influenced the process of writing it within an academic and commercial context. The MA project shows how different expectations may create a conflict in the personal writing process and inspire a product that makes compromises. The reason for reading this project may not only be the product itself but also the insight it offers into a screenwriting profession where it is often important to meet expectations.
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Sultana, Masuda. "Assessment and Modelling Deterioration of Flood Affected Pavements". Thesis, Griffith University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10072/367367.

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The efficiency of the road management system is increasingly challenged due to the frequent occurrences of extreme weather events, such as intense heavy rainfall, cyclones and flooding. The unpredictable events such as Hurricanes Katrina and Rita in the USA (2005), extreme flooding in January 2011 in South-East Queensland, Cyclones Oswald (2013) and Marcia (2015) in Queensland had severe impacts upon the road infrastructure. These roads are now subject to a wider range of climatic conditions over their service life than was originally anticipated during their design. To date, no deterioration model can accurately predict the impact of floods on pavements. To understand the impact of January 2011 flood on the structural performance of flood affected pavements, Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) deflection data and surface condition data (rutting and roughness), on flood-affected roads managed by Brisbane City Council, Department of Transport and Main Roads (TMR), Queensland and Roads and Maritime Services, New South Wales (RMS, NSW), Australia, were collected and examined.
Thesis (PhD Doctorate)
Doctor of Philosophy (PhD)
Griffith School of Engineering
Science, Environment, Engineering and Technology
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Breytenbach, I. J. "The relationship between index testing and California Bearing Ratio values for natural road construction materials in South Africa". Pretoria : [s.n.], 2009. http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/etd-12152009-144255.

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Ahn, Ki-Jung. "Road pricing, modal choice and road network". Kyoto University, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/136104.

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Mahavier, Kendall Caitlin Alexandra. "Patterns in Road Maintenance: An Analysis of San Diego Roads". Oberlin College Honors Theses / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=oberlin1526393989343466.

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Zanule, Paul Gudoi. "Road Management System and Road Safety in Uganda". ScholarWorks, 2015. https://scholarworks.waldenu.edu/dissertations/368.

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Traffic collisions cost Uganda millions of dollars each year. The purpose of this descriptive case study was to describe the strategies and processes needed to implement a road management system. Such a system would significantly reduce the fatalities and accidents in Uganda, improve the transportation within Kampala's business district, and increase business profitability. Three conceptual theories framed the research study: management theory, strategic management theory, and criminology theory. Using a snowball sampling strategy, data were collected from open-ended interviews, questionnaires, observations, and archived documents from 20 administrative participants in the government and organizational leaders involved in the transport operations and transport services in the Kampala business district in Uganda. Data were analyzed using 3 phases: (a) interpretational analysis, coding, and grouping segments; (b) structural analysis, consistency, and quality; and (c) reflective analysis, consequences, what, when, where, and how. Five themes or action requirements emerged from the data analysis: to improve transport operations and transport services profitability, reduce traffic jams and fatalities, provide sufficient driving training, maintain road infrastructure, and maintain traffic law enforcement. The findings and recommendations from this study may improve the profitability of businesses, reduce the traffic jams and fatalities, and improve the gross domestic product of Uganda, thereby contributing to positive social change.
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Afghari, Amir Pooyan. "Incorporation of road safety into road management systems". Thesis, Concordia University, 2012. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/79838/1/Afghari_MASc_S2012.pdf.

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Road collisions negatively affect the lives of hundreds of Canadians per year. Unfortunately, safety has been typically neglected from management systems. It is common to find that a great deal of effort has been devoted to develop and implement systems capable of achieving and sustaining good levels of condition. It is relatively recent that road safety has become an important objective. Managing a network of roads is not an easy task; it requires long, medium and short term plans to maintain, rehabilitate and upgrade aging assets, reduce and mitigate accident exposure, likelihood and severity. This thesis presents a basis for incorporating road safety into road management systems; two case studies were developed; one limited by available data and another from sufficient information. A long term analysis was used to allocate improvements for condition and safety of roads and bridges, at the network level. It was confirmed that a safety index could be used to obtain a first cut model; meanwhile potential for improvement which is a difference between observed and predicted number of accidents was capable of capturing the degree of safety of individual segments. It was found that the completeness of the system resulted in savings because of the economies obtained from trade-off optimization. It was observed that safety improvements were allocated at the beginning of the analysis in order to reduce the extent of issues, which translated into a systematic reduction of potential for improvement up to a point of near constant levels, which were hypothesized to relate to those unavoidable collisions from human error or vehicle failure.
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Zhang, Zheshuo. "Dynamics of road vehicles crossing rail-road intersections". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/132688/2/Zheshuo%20Zhang%20Thesis.pdf.

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This project was a step forward in redesigning level crossing for improved safety of level crossing infrastructure. A vehicle-tire-obstacle model capable of predicting the vehicle dynamic behaviour as well as the tire-obstacle contact forces was developed from basic equations of motion. The thesis investigated the profile of redesigned level crossing from the perspective of road vehicle dynamics including the safety risk to the occupant and the dislodgement risk of the freights in the road vehicles. It was shown that the redesigned level crossings can save lives and avoid damages to trains, road vehicles and the related infrastructure.
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Książki na temat "Road"

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Foundation, Birla Economic Research, red. Roads and road transport. New Delhi: Radiant Publishers, 1993.

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Board, Zambia National Roads, red. Road Sector Investment Programme: Road maintenance manual : caring for roads. [Lusaka]: National Roads Board, Ministry of Communications and Transport, 1998.

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Richter, Thomas. Road Planning - Freeways and Country Roads. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35189-2.

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Islam, Md Nazrul, red. Silk Road to Belt Road. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2998-2.

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MTV's Road rules, road trips. [New York]: MTV Books, 1996.

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Road. London: Methuen Drama, 1990.

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Stephenson, David. Road. Whitley Bay: Bay, 1994.

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Road. London: Methuen in association with the Royal Court Theatre, 1986.

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Roads and Road Transport. Stosius Inc/Advent Books Division, 1992.

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Road Scrapers (Randolph, Joanne. Road Machines,). PowerKids Press, 2002.

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Części książek na temat "Road"

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Kirsch, Scott. "Road". W American Colonial Spaces in the Philippines, 120–49. London: Routledge, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4324/9780429344350-5.

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Stigson, Helena, Anders Kullgren i Lars-Erik Andersson. "Rural Road Design According to the Safe System Approach". W The Vision Zero Handbook, 947–70. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-76505-7_36.

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AbstractThis chapter covers design of rural roads according to the model for safe traffic used in the Vision Zero approach. Based on expected levels of the safety of vehicles and road users, the roads and the road side furniture should be designed to avoid fatalities and serious injuries. An introduction is presented covering the safe system approach and how speed limits of roads should be set to reflect the safety standard of the road in relation human injury tolerance and the capacity to protect the road users. One section will cover countermeasures to protect vulnerable road users, including speed calming road infrastructure, bicycle and pedestrian paths, bus stops. Another section will cover road infrastructure countermeasures addressing vehicle occupants. It is shown how change of velocity, vehicle mean acceleration, and crash duration are correlated and how they influence occupant injury risk. Design of different types of roads on rural roads is described, such as the two-plus-one lane road design with median barrier, and various ways of separating traffic or preventing run-off road crashes including road barrier design and rumble strips. Safe intersection design is an important part on rural roads that is explained. The last part covers design of the roadside area from a safe system approach.
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Stigson, Helena, Anders Kullgren i Lars-Erik Andersson. "Rural Road Design According to the Safe System Approach". W The Vision Zero Handbook, 1–25. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23176-7_36-1.

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AbstractThis chapter covers design of rural roads according to the model for safe traffic used in the Vision Zero approach. Based on expected levels of the safety of vehicles and road users, the roads and the road side furniture should be designed to avoid fatalities and serious injuries. An introduction is presented covering the safe system approach and how speed limits of roads should be set to reflect the safety standard of the road in relation human injury tolerance and the capacity to protect the road users. One section will cover countermeasures to protect vulnerable road users, including speed calming road infrastructure, bicycle and pedestrian paths, bus stops. Another section will cover road infrastructure countermeasures addressing vehicle occupants. It is shown how change of velocity, vehicle mean acceleration, and crash duration are correlated and how they influence occupant injury risk. Design of different types of roads on rural roads is described, such as the two-plus-one lane road design with median barrier, and various ways of separating traffic or preventing run-off road crashes including road barrier design and rumble strips. Safe intersection design is an important part on rural roads that is explained. The last part covers design of the roadside area from a safe system approach.
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Richter, Thomas. "Road Network Design". W Road Planning - Freeways and Country Roads, 5–10. Wiesbaden: Springer Fachmedien Wiesbaden, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-658-35189-2_2.

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Ponsavady, Stéphanie. "Sharing the Road: Road Users". W Cultural and Literary Representations of the Automobile in French Indochina, 99–137. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-94559-0_4.

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Henderson, Thomas C. "Road and Road Intersection Extraction". W Analysis of Engineering Drawings and Raster Map Images, 141–79. New York, NY: Springer New York, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4419-8167-7_7.

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Islam, Md Nazrul. "Silk Road to Belt Road: Meeting the Culture". W Silk Road to Belt Road, 3–22. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2998-2_1.

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Wong, H. C. J., i S. L. Fung. "Cultural Contestations and Social Integration: What Guangdong-Hong Kong-Macao Greater Bay Area Can Learn from the Experiences of Malaysia and Singapore?" W Silk Road to Belt Road, 159–74. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2998-2_10.

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Dos Santos, Luis Miguel. "Foreign Language Learning Beyond English: The Opportunities of One Belt, One Road (OBOR) Initiative". W Silk Road to Belt Road, 175–89. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2998-2_11.

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Nguon, Pheakkdey, i Yuvaktep Vann. "Ensuring Social and Environmental Sustainability of the Belt and Road Initiative in Cambodia Based on Experiences from China". W Silk Road to Belt Road, 193–214. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-13-2998-2_12.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Road"

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Tumavičė, Aja, Juratė Vitkienė, Svaja Kaniušėnienė, Igoris Kravcovas i Ineta Lingytė. "The Key Issues of Road Design Found from Road Safety Inspections and Road Safety Audits". W Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.150.

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In order to reduce accident rate on roads and streets more and more various road safety measures are being imple- mented each year. Nevertheless, road safety problem exists in most countries. For example, even though accident rate in Lith- uania was almost halved (6372 to 3161 yearly accidents) from years 2004 to 2015, fatality rate is still quite high – 8.3 per 100000 people. New regulations, approved in 2008, dictate the need of carrying out road safety audits and road safety inspec- tions for all road and street design projects. This paper presents most common road design errors and methods of fixing those errors based on Vilnius Gediminas Technical University Road Research Institute road safety auditors’ experience from years 2011 to 2016. Most common safety problems are organized and presented in groups ordered by their importance. Recommen- dations on how to improve road safety audit and inspection procedures in the future are formulated, as well as suggestions on improving road project design stage by taking most common flaw priority into consideration.
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Robbins, C. J., S. Fotios, J. Uttley i R. Rowe. "OPTIMISING ROAD LIGHTING TO REDUCE ROAD TRAFFIC CRASHES". W CIE 2021 Conference. International Commission on Illumination, CIE, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.25039/x48.2021.op32.

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Pedestrians and motorcyclists are vulnerable road users, being over represented in road traffic collisions (RTCs). One assumed benefit of road lighting is a reduction in RTCs after dark by countering the impairment to the visual detection of hazards that occur after dark. One way to optimise the use of road lighting is to light only those sections of road where light level, and hence visibility, is an important factor. The current study used change in ambient light level on RTCs to investigate those situations where improved vision is likely to have significant impact, and therefore the situations where road lighting is of better cost-benefit effectiveness. For both motorcyclist and pedestrian RTCs there was a significant increase in overall RTC risk in darkness compared to daylight, indicating that there may be an overall benefit of road lighting. While darkness was a particular detriment at junctions for motorcyclists and on high-speed roads for pedestrians, road lighting may not be effective mitigation in either case and therefore alternative ways of increasing conspicuity should be considered.
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Bas¸lamıs¸lı, S. C¸ag˘lar, i Selis O¨nel. "Entropy Based Classification of Road-Profiles". W ASME 2010 10th Biennial Conference on Engineering Systems Design and Analysis. ASMEDC, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/esda2010-24448.

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In this study, the Shannon entropies of six different road-profiles ranging from “very good asphalt road” to “dirt road (terrain)” were calculated. Results indicate that each type of road has a well defined entropy value and that the entropies of roads ranging from “very good asphalt” to “dirt road (terrain)” lie on a nearly linear locus. A second approach presented in this paper consists in measuring the sprung mass vertical acceleration of a vehicle running over segments of roads of different qualities and calculating the entropies of the acceleration signals. This procedure has been applied to assess the influence of nonlinear damping and vehicle speed. It has been seen that it is possible to identify the type of the road surface through the calculation of entropy if the vehicle operating parameters are known. Finally, it is observed that the locus of entropy values is concave on the plot of acceleration entropy versus root mean square (RMS) acceleration.
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Vitkienė, Juratė, Virgaudas Puodžiukas i Daiva Žilionienė. "New Approach to the Lithuanian Road Classification Based on Worldwide Experience". W Environmental Engineering. VGTU Technika, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.3846/enviro.2017.155.

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Road classification and road hierarchy are essential steps making sure that roads are designed and used properly. Road classification is an approach, to sort them into a small number of groups or classes, and then assigns the roads in a network to one or more of these groups. There are many ways to classify roads. One of them is regarding road hierarchy (or more specifically, functional road hierarchy). The efficiency and effectiveness of the road network directly impact economic growth and societal development. Economically, it is important through classification of roads to represent every road function, as it can enhance the delivery of goods efficient and effective. Arterial roads of a higher class significantly influence economic development by providing the main route of fright transportation and services, as well as significantly influence societal development as it provides a safe, effective and efficient route to travel on. At the same time, the high volume of traffic-related accidents calls for a road network that is safe for all road-users. It is known that the physical road network affects traffic and driver behaviour, and this in turn directly influences energy consumption and the environmental impacts associated with the emissions thereof. In this article review at road classification and road hierarchy of worldwide. It concludes with some comments on the current Lithuanian situation. It can be achieved in Lithuania to make influences to road safety, speed regulation, driver behaviour, traffic studies and accessibility to services.
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Li, Kang, James A. Misener i Karl Hedrick. "On-Board Road Condition Monitoring System Using Slip-Based Tire-Road Friction Estimation and Wheel Speed Signal Analysis". W ASME 2006 International Mechanical Engineering Congress and Exposition. ASMEDC, 2006. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/imece2006-14102.

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This paper presents an on-board road condition monitoring system developed for the safety application in Vehicle Infrastructure Integration (VII) project. The system equipped on the so-called probe vehicle is able to continuously evaluate road surface in terms of slipperiness and coarseness. Road surface is classified into four grades using stock mobile sensors and GPS speed-based measurements. The task of distinguishing slippery extents of road surfaces was treated as a "pattern-recognition" problem based on experimental results such that road surfaces can be classified into three slip levels, normal (μmax ≥0.5), slippery (0.3≥μmax <0.5), and very slippery (μmax <0.3) provided enough excitation. To distinguish rough road surfaces like gravel roads from normal asphalt roads, a separate classifier making use of a filterbank for analyzing wheel speed signal was implemented. Experimental results demonstrate the feasibility of this road condition monitoring system for detecting slippery and rough road surfaces in close to real-time. Once a slippery road condition is detected by the probe vehicle, a warning message with accurate GPS position can be transmitted from the probe vehicle to road side equipment (RSE) and further be relayed to following vehicles as well as traffic management center (TMC) via Dedicated Short Range Communication (DSRC); hence the safety of road users can be improved with the aid of this cooperative or VII active safety system.
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Sui, Peipei, i Xianxian Li. "ROAT: Road-Network-Based Anonymization of Trajectories". W 2016 Intl IEEE Conferences on Ubiquitous Intelligence & Computing, Advanced and Trusted Computing, Scalable Computing and Communications, Cloud and Big Data Computing, Internet of People, and Smart World Congress (UIC/ATC/ScalCom/CBDCom/IoP/SmartWorld). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/uic-atc-scalcom-cbdcom-iop-smartworld.2016.0063.

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Chustz, George, i Srikanth Saripalli. "ROOAD: RELLIS Off-road Odometry Analysis Dataset". W 2022 IEEE Intelligent Vehicles Symposium (IV). IEEE, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/iv51971.2022.9827133.

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Bruls, Tom, Horia Porav, Lars Kunze i Paul Newman. "Generating All the Roads to Rome: Road Layout Randomization for Improved Road Marking Segmentation". W 2019 IEEE Intelligent Transportation Systems Conference - ITSC. IEEE, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/itsc.2019.8916785.

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Malenkovska Todorova, Marija, Radojka Donceva, Ivo Dukoski i Jasmina BunevskaTalevska. "Connected and autonomous vehicles – road infrastructure challenges". W TRANSPORT FOR TODAY'S SOCIETY. Faculty of Technical Sciences Bitola, 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.20544/tts2021.1.1.21.p09.

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Abstract – Nowadays, one of the main concerns regarding road infrastructure development, is the introduction of connected and autonomous vehicles. Therefore, among other things, roads need to be improved in order to accommodate the combination of advanced connectivity systems and automated vehicles. The main goal of this paper is directed towards infrastructure responds to the mentioned challenges expected in the coming years. Keywords – Connected and autonomous vehicles, Road infrastructure challenges, Readiness of road network.
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Lee, Ken C. K., Wang-Chien Lee i Baihua Zheng. "ROAD". W Proceeding of the 17th ACM conference. New York, New York, USA: ACM Press, 2008. http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/1458082.1458260.

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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Road"

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Yuasa, Takuya, i Toshiaki Nakamaru. Road Load Prediction Method Using Effective Road Profile. Warrendale, PA: SAE International, maj 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.4271/2005-08-0129.

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Chiavassa, Nathalie, i Raphael Dewez. Technical Note on Road Safety in Haiti. Inter-American Development Bank, styczeń 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.18235/0003250.

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The IDB has been a predominant partner supporting Haiti development efforts for many years. Nowadays, the IDB is the main source of investment for the country. Considering the vital weight of road transport sector in the socio-economy of the country, the IDB has concentrated a large part of investment efforts in rehabilitating and improving national road infrastructures. In the same time, a rapid increase of motorization and relatively higher speeds have contributed to increasing the number of traffic fatalities and injuries. In 2017, road injuries were the fifth cause of mortality in Haiti. The Road Safety situation of the country is preoccupying with many Vulnerable Road Users involved, in particular pedestrians and motorcyclists. The country is facing multi-sector challenges to address this Road Safety situation. Despite recent efforts, high political will has not been continuous in promoting a multi-sector coordination and the success of technical efforts remained mitigated over the last years. Road user awareness is still weak in the country. Risk factors include dangerous driving, bad safety conditions of vehicles, together with limited law enforcement and poor maintenance of safety devices on the roads. In this context, the Road Safety situation of the country may be getting worse in the coming years if no action is taken. However, the new Decade provides with a unique opportunity to achieve Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) including significant progress in reducing the burden of traffic crashes. The IDB has already initiated vital investments in modernizing crash data collection, promoting institutional dialogue and supporting capacity building in the area of Road Safety. Future actions to address Road Safety challenges in Haiti in the framework of the five UN five pillars would require a range of investments in the area of political commitment, institutional coordination and technical efforts. A change of political paradigm from making roads for travelling faster to making roads safer for all users is highly needed at national level. This technical note on Road Safety in Haiti present the current situation of the country and provides with recommendations for future actions on Road Safety.
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Williams, Michael, Marcial Lamera, Aleksander Bauranov, Carole Voulgaris i Anurag Pande. Safety Considerations for All Road Users on Edge Lane Roads. Mineta Transportation Institute, marzec 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.31979/mti.2021.1925.

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Edge lane roads (ELRs), also known as advisory bike lanes or advisory shoulders, are a type of shared street where two-way motor vehicle (MV) traffic shares a single center lane, and edge lanes on either side are preferentially reserved for vulnerable road users (VRUs). This work comprises a literature review, an investigation of ELRs’ operational characteristics and potential road user interactions via simulation, and a study of crash data from existing American and Australian ELRs. The simulation evaluated the impact of various factors (e.g., speed, volume, directional split, etc.) on ELR operation. Results lay the foundation for a siting criterion. Current American siting guidance relies only upon daily traffic volume and speed—an approach that inaccurately models an ELR’s safety. To evaluate the safety of existing ELRs, crash data were collected from ELR installations in the US and Australia. For US installations, Empirical Bayes (EB) analysis resulted in an aggregate CMF of .56 for 11 installations observed over 8 years while serving more than 60 million vehicle trips. The data from the Australian State of Queensland involved rural one-lane, low-volume, higher-speed roads, functionally equivalent to ELRs. As motor vehicle volume grows, these roads are widened to two-lane facilities. While the authors observed low mean crash rates on the one-lane roads, analysis of recently converted (from one-lane to two-lane) facilities showed that several experienced fewer crashes than expected after conversion to two-lane roads.
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Bombardier, Cooper. The Fevered Road. Portland State University Library, styczeń 2000. http://dx.doi.org/10.15760/etd.2017.

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Thegeya, Aaron, Thomas Mitterling, Arturo Martinez Jr, Joseph Albert Niño Bulan, Ron Lester Durante i Jayzon Mag-atas. Application of Machine Learning Algorithms on Satellite Imagery for Road Quality Monitoring: An Alternative Approach to Road Quality Surveys. Asian Development Bank, grudzień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/wps220587-2.

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This paper examines the feasibility of using satellite imagery and artificial intelligence to develop an efficient and cost-effective way to determine and predict the condition of roads in the Asia and Pacific region. The paper notes that collecting information on road quality is difficult, particularly in harder to reach middle- and low-income areas, and explains why this method offers an alternative. It shows how the study’s preliminary algorithm was created using satellite imagery and existing road roughness data from the Philippines. It assesses the accuracy rate and finds it sufficient for the preliminary identification of poor to bad roads. It notes that additional enhancements are needed to increase its prediction accuracy and make it more robust.
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Harvey, W. A., Steven D. Cochran i David M. McKeown. Multi-Image Road Extraction. Fort Belvoir, VA: Defense Technical Information Center, listopad 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.21236/ada440760.

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O'Rourke-Kaplan, Marian. On the Road Again. Ames: Iowa State University, Digital Repository, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.31274/itaa_proceedings-180814-722.

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Mendoza, Dovelyn Rannveig, i Guntur Sugiyarto. The Long Road Ahead. Manila, Philippines: Asian Development Bank, luty 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.22617/rpt178637-2.

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Nell, James G., i Neil B. Christopher. Standards road map project:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6408.

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Nell, James G., i Neil B. Christopher. Standards road map project:. Gaithersburg, MD: National Institute of Standards and Technology, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.6028/nist.ir.6409.

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