Gotowe bibliografie tematyczne / Rivers- Rivers basin and systems

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Gotowa bibliografia na temat „Rivers- Rivers basin and systems”

Autor: Grafiati
Data publikacji: 6 września 2023

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Artykuły w czasopismach na temat "Rivers- Rivers basin and systems"

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Wang, Yichu, Danlu Liu, Enhang Liang i Jinren Ni. "Structural Characteristics of Endorheic Rivers in the Tarim Basin". Remote Sensing 14, nr 18 (9.09.2022): 4502. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/rs14184502.

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Endorheic rivers as landlocked systems with no hydrological connections to marine environments are suffering from water and ecosystem crisis worldwide, yet little is known about their structural characteristics with complex geomorphic and climatic dependence. Based on the river networks identified from 30 m resolution digital elevation models and surface water dynamic information derived from Landsat images, we investigate the hierarchical characteristics of 60 sub-basins in the Tarim Basin, the largest endorheic river basin in China. In the Tarim River basin, endorheic rivers exhibit a self-similarity only in the range of stream-orders 1–4, compared to the range of stream-orders 1–5 observed in exorheic rivers, owning to the limited stream power to maintain the similar aggregation of rivers in the arid regions. Moreover, the Tarim River networks demonstrate lower bifurcation ratio (2.48), length ratio (2.03), fractal dimension (1.38), and drainage density (0.24 km−1) in representative sub-basins, with a significant decay in median values compared with those derived from exohreic rivers at similar scales, suggesting sparser and imperfect developed branching river networks in endorheic basins. Further analysis on the Tarim reveals that endorheic river structure is more related to glacier extent (r = 0.67~0.84), potential evapotranspiration (r = 0.63~0.81), and groundwater type index (r = 0.64~0.73), which is essentially different from the structure of exorheic river represented by the Yellow River largely controlled by surface runoff, precipitation, and vegetation coverage. This study stresses the differences in intrinsic structural characteristics and extrinsic drivers of endorheic and exorheic rivers and highlights the necessity of differentiated strategies for endorheic river management in fragile ecosystems.
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Kyryliuk, Serhii. "The assessment algorithm for sustainable development goals in the Hukiv, Dereluy, and Vyzhenka river basin systems of Chernivtsi oblast". Present Environment and Sustainable Development 15, nr 2 (3.10.2021): 235–44. http://dx.doi.org/10.15551/pesd2021152019.

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The study deals with an integral assessment of hydromorphological and geoecological conditions of the Hukiv (flatland type of river), Dereluy (foothill type of river), and Vyzhenka (mountainous type of river) river basin systems (Figure 1). The indicators characterizing the river basin in the best way as a holistic system, the channel, floodplain, and watershed altogether, in natural reference conditions and in terms of human economic activity are addressed. The assessment hydromorphological test and geoecological monitoring of small rivers (SWOT-analysis) in accordance with the developed universal algorithm for hydromorphological assessment of small river basins for the sustainable development goals are generated and fulfilled. Interpretation maps for the sustainable development of the Hukiv, Dereluy and Vyzhenka rivers are created. The practical importance and relevance concerns the potential application of the proposed monitoring and the algorithm to solve methodological and applied problems related to the functioning of the systems “basin–river–human” and “basin–river–riverbed” in terms of modern human activity and needs; the need to modify consumer-type stereotypes for the use of natural resources, as well as to provide recommendations for enhancing the resource-efficient and sustainable activities in basin systems and small rivers.
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Pysanko, Yana, i Svitlana Madzhd. "Assessment of the ecological status of small rivers in urban areas." USEFUL online journal 2, nr 4 (29.12.2018): 56–62. http://dx.doi.org/10.32557/useful-2-4-2018-0006.

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Rivers are important components of many urban systems, and research into urban rivers are considerable research. The object of the research is technogenically transformed aquatic ecosystem of small rivers passing through urban areas of Kyiv city. These small rivers are tributaries of the Irpin River. The study used an ecosystem-basin approach, statistical processing of data. The complex research on patterns of their development for the long-term period were made, the quality class of water and indexes characteristic were ostended.
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Kalugin, Andrey. "Climate Change Effects on River Flow in Eastern Europe: Arctic Rivers vs. Southern Rivers". Climate 11, nr 5 (9.05.2023): 103. http://dx.doi.org/10.3390/cli11050103.

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The hydrological model ECOMAG was used to calculate runoff characteristics in the main arctic (Northern Dvina and Pechora) and southern (Don and Kuban) river basins of Eastern Europe using the data from the ensemble of global climate models under the scenario of 1.5 and 2 °C global warming in the 21st century relative to pre-industrial values. Flow generation models were calibrated and validated based on runoff measurements at gauging stations using meteorological observation data. According to the results of numerical experiments, the relative change in river runoff in European Russia increases from north to south and from east to west under global warming of 1.5 to 2 °C. As a result, hydrological systems in milder climate were found to be more vulnerable to climate change. The assessment of flow anomalies in European Russia under the selected climate scenarios revealed the following general features: winter runoff in arctic rivers would increase, spring melt runoff in the Northern Dvina and Don would decrease, and summer–autumn runoff in all studied rivers would decrease to varying degrees. The most negative runoff anomalies are characterized in the southwestern part of the Northern Dvina basin, the middle part of the Don basin, and the lowland part of the Kuban basin, whereas positive runoff anomalies are characterized in the northern and eastern parts of the Pechora basin. Global warming of 1.5 to 2 °C would have the greatest impact on the rate of reduction of Kuban summer–autumn runoff and Don runoff during the spring flood, as well as the increase in Northern Dvina and Pechora winter runoff.
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Garrick, Dustin, Lucia De Stefano, Fai Fung, Jamie Pittock, Edella Schlager, Mark New i Daniel Connell. "Managing hydroclimatic risks in federal rivers: a diagnostic assessment". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A: Mathematical, Physical and Engineering Sciences 371, nr 2002 (13.11.2013): 20120415. http://dx.doi.org/10.1098/rsta.2012.0415.

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Hydroclimatic risks and adaptive capacity are not distributed evenly in large river basins of federal countries, where authority is divided across national and territorial governments. Transboundary river basins are a major test of federal systems of governance because key management roles exist at all levels. This paper examines the evolution and design of interstate water allocation institutions in semi-arid federal rivers prone to drought extremes, climatic variability and intensified competition for scarce water. We conceptualize, categorize and compare federal rivers as social–ecological systems to analyse the relationship between governance arrangements and hydroclimatic risks. A diagnostic approach is used to map over 300 federal rivers and classify the hydroclimatic risks of three semi-arid federal rivers with a long history of interstate allocation tensions: the Colorado River (USA/Mexico), Ebro River (Spain) and Murray–Darling River (Australia). Case studies review the evolution and design of water allocation institutions. Three institutional design trends have emerged: adoption of proportional interstate allocation rules; emergence of multi-layered river basin governance arrangements for planning, conflict resolution and joint monitoring; and new flexibility to adjust historic allocation patterns. Proportional allocation rules apportion water between states based on a share of available water, not a fixed volume or priority. Interstate allocation reform efforts in the Colorado and Murray–Darling rivers indicate that proportional allocation rules are prevalent for upstream states, while downstream states seek reliable deliveries of fixed volumes to increase water security. River basin governance arrangements establish new venues for multilayered planning, monitoring and conflict resolution to balance self governance by users and states with basin-wide coordination. Flexibility to adjust historic allocation agreements, without risk of defection or costly court action, also provides adaptive capacity to manage climatic variability and shifting values. Future research should develop evidence about pathways to adaptive capacity in different classes of federal rivers, while acknowledging limits to transferability and the need for context-sensitive design.
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Kurhanevych, L. P., i M. Z. Shipka. "GEOECOLOGICAL STATE OF THE FLOODPLAIN AND CHANNEL COMPLEX OF THE POLTVA RIVER BASIN (VISTULA RIVER BASIN REGION)". Hydrology, hydrochemistry and hydroecology, nr 1 (56) (2020): 64–70. http://dx.doi.org/10.17721/2306-5680.2020.1.7.

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In accordance with the water management zoning of the territory of Ukraine, the Poltva river basin belongs to the Vistula river basin region. The evaluation methodology of the channel and floodplain river complex state was proposed by Himko R. V. (2005). According to this methodology, the parameters (23 indicators), characterizing river state by points scale (5 quality classes), were defined. The research included three steps. During the preparatory stage cartographic materials were investigated and the coastal protection zones were highlighted. The fieldwork stage included: visual assessment of water quality and of the state of channels; identification of sources of pollution and clogging of waters and coastal areas; study of features of anthropogenic load within floodplains. In the third stage, generalization and evaluation works were carried out. Wastewater discharges from enterprises and coastal settlements affect the water quality of the study area. Lviv has the greatest economic impact on the Poltva river due to its channelling within the city and due to large volumes of wastewater discharges (121.4 million m3 in 2017). The water quality of the Poltva River tributaries depends on sewage discharges from small industrial and public utilities, as well as on unauthorized sewage discharges in villages. Significant parts of the river channels are regulated. Drainage systems, that occupy much of the study area, as well as ponds and small reservoirs, directly affect on the hydrological regime of the rivers. The level of land-use of coastal territories is characterized by their urbanization level and their level of plowing. The urbanization of the upper reaches of the Poltva river valley is a determining factor that has influenced the sanitary status of its channel. Outside the Lviv city, many coastal areas (within the coastal protection zones) are plowed. Overgrowing of waters and obstruction of channels by water and coastal plant remains lead to a significant deterioration of sanitary conditions of the rivers, hence to secondary contamination of its waters. Geoecological state of the Poltva river channel and floodplain complex was designated as «unsatisfactory» (4th grade from 5 classes), of Yarychivka and Gologirka river complexes – as «satisfactory» (3rd grade), of other rivers – as «rather good» (2nd grade). The rivers of the Poltva watershed are under significant economic influence. To improve the geoecological state of river channels and floodplains, a complex of water protection measures is required: reduction of insufficiently treated wastewater discharges of Lviv city; cleaning of watercourses; monitoring of compliance with water protection rules etc.
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Trifu, M. C., i V. Daradici. "New monitoring technique for rapid investigation of nitrates pollution in aquatic systems". Proceedings of the International Association of Hydrological Sciences 364 (16.09.2014): 481–85. http://dx.doi.org/10.5194/piahs-364-481-2014.

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Abstract. In situ measurement with a portable multi-parameter sonde was used in the framework of the Cleanwater project – LIFE09 ENV/RO/000612, for a rapid investigation of nitrates pollution in Barlad River basin, in rivers and domestic wells, in addition to laboratory measurements. Water samples were analysed in an accredited laboratory for water monitoring, such as the Vaslui Water Management System from Barlad basin. Sampling campaigns were performed monthly in the period April–November 2011. In order to find the main factors that influence the measurements, the behaviour of equipment was analysed in rivers, for different water sampling points along the river and the cross-sections, taking into account the water level, the turbulence, the vegetation and the obstacles along the river. Results proved the multiparameter sonde as a useful device for rapidly monitoring spatial distributions or temporal trends of nitrates or chlorophyll a, and detecting sudden changes in surface and groundwater quality.
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Wu, Xue Wen, Ling Li i Yong Gang Qu. "Modelling and Analysis of River Networks Based on Complex Networks Theory". Advanced Materials Research 756-759 (wrzesień 2013): 2728–33. http://dx.doi.org/10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.756-759.2728.

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River systems are open and self-organizing complex systems. Complex networks theory can well combine rivers' macro properties with their microscopic properties. This paper builds a river network model based on complex networks theory and describes its characteristics. After the analysis of the model used in Haihe River Basin, it shows that Haihe River Basin network has the small-world characteristics. This work provides a new approach to research the properties of river networks, so that to predict and control its behavior.
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Jackson, Colin R., Justin J. Millar, Jason T. Payne i Clifford A. Ochs. "Free-Living and Particle-Associated Bacterioplankton in Large Rivers of the Mississippi River Basin Demonstrate Biogeographic Patterns". Applied and Environmental Microbiology 80, nr 23 (12.09.2014): 7186–95. http://dx.doi.org/10.1128/aem.01844-14.

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ABSTRACTThe different drainage basins of large rivers such as the Mississippi River represent interesting systems in which to study patterns in freshwater microbial biogeography. Spatial variability in bacterioplankton communities in six major rivers (the Upper Mississippi, Missouri, Illinois, Ohio, Tennessee, and Arkansas) of the Mississippi River Basin was characterized using Ion Torrent 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing. When all systems were combined, particle-associated (>3 μm) bacterial assemblages were found to be different from free-living bacterioplankton in terms of overall community structure, partly because of differences in the proportional abundance of sequences affiliated with major bacterial lineages (Alphaproteobacteria,Cyanobacteria, andPlanctomycetes). Both particle-associated and free-living communities ordinated by river system, a pattern that was apparent even after rare sequences or those affiliated withCyanobacteriawere removed from the analyses. Ordination of samples by river system correlated with environmental characteristics of each river, such as nutrient status and turbidity. Communities in the Upper Mississippi and the Missouri and in the Ohio and the Tennessee, pairs of rivers that join each other, contained similar taxa in terms of presence-absence data but differed in the proportional abundance of major lineages. The most common sequence types detected in particle-associated communities were picocyanobacteria in theSynechococcus/Prochlorococcus/Cyanobium(Syn/Pro) clade, while free-living communities also contained a high proportion of LD12 (SAR11/Pelagibacter)-likeAlphaproteobacteria. This research shows that while different tributaries of large river systems such as the Mississippi River harbor distinct bacterioplankton communities, there is also microhabitat variation such as that between free-living and particle-associated assemblages.
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Costelloe, J. F., J. T. Puckridge, J. R. W. Reid, J. Pritchard, P. Hudson, V. Bailey i M. Good. "Environmental flow requirements in arid zone rivers – a case study from the Lake Eyre Basin, central Australia". Water Science and Technology 48, nr 7 (1.10.2003): 65–72. http://dx.doi.org/10.2166/wst.2003.0425.

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The ARIDFLO project takes a multi-disciplinary approach to the collection and analysis of data required to formulate appropriate environmental flow requirements for rivers in the Lake Eyre Basin. The key drivers of the ecological processes underpinning the health of these rivers are identified by modelling whole-of-ecosystem biological responses to hydrological events over a range of spatial and temporal scales. First, the hydrology of these poorly gauged (often ungauged) rivers needs to be modelled and validated to mimic real flow and inundation patterns at the catchment, reach and waterbody scale. Modelled and actual discharge data are then used to provide a suite of hydrological predictor variables which, in conjunction with other environmental variables, are used to model observed biotic responses. The key hydrologic and environmental drivers identified by the statistical models need to be taken into account when determining environmental flow requirements for these river systems. Further work is required to assess the predictive power of the models in the highly variable, complex systems of the Lake Eyre Basin rivers.
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Rozprawy doktorskie na temat "Rivers- Rivers basin and systems"

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Banerjee, Malini De. "High-Frequency Nitrate Monitoring in Dynamic River Systems: the Case of Three Iowa Rivers in the Mississippi Basin". Diss., University of Iowa, 2013. https://ir.uiowa.edu/etd/4818.

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High frequency water quality monitoring presents unique and unlimited opportunities of exploring spatio-temporal variation in water quality. Knowledge gained from analyzing high frequency water quality data can provide more clarity regarding transportation and processing of water constituents over time and space and scale. This study analyzes high frequency discharge, nitrate load and concentration data for three watersheds of different sizes - Cedar River Watershed, North Raccoon and Middle Raccoon. Each of these sites were monitored for 2-3 calendar years. Sudden spikes in discharge, nitrate concentration and load data, also defined as "events" were analyzed in great detail to understand the patterns in event occurrence and event intensity. Smaller watersheds seemed to have sharper and "flashier" events compared to bigger watersheds. Nitrate concentration events were flatter in shape compared to discharge and nitrogen load events. The relationship between nitrogen concentration and discharge was found to be varying over time, unlike the relationship between nitrate load and discharge, which were almost perfectly correlated for most site-year combinations. Based on more than 40,000 simulations, it was determined that high frequency water quality sampling is not only efficient in capturing minute spatio-temporal variations but can also capture nitrate exceedances to a greater degree. High frequency sampling was also associated with higher yield ratio in nitrate load estimates, not only during high flow periods, but also during the non-high-flow period.
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Ramos, Eunice Pereira. "Energy systems analysis of transboundary river basins in a nexus approach: the Sava river basin study case". Master's thesis, Universidade de Aveiro, 2015. http://hdl.handle.net/10773/15833.

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Mestrado em Sistemas Energéticos Sustentáveis
Resource management policies are frequently designed and planned to target specific needs of particular sectors, without taking into account the interests of other sectors who share the same resources. In a climate of resource depletion, population growth, increase in energy demand and climate change awareness, it is of great importance to promote the assessment of intersectoral linkages and, by doing so, understand their effects and implications. This need is further augmented when common use of resources might not be solely relevant at national level, but also when the distribution of resources ranges over different nations. This dissertation focuses on the study of the energy systems of five south eastern European countries, which share the Sava River Basin, using a water-food(agriculture)-energy nexus approach. In the case of the electricity generation sector, the use of water is essential for the integrity of the energy systems, as the electricity production in the riparian countries relies on two major technologies dependent on water resources: hydro and thermal power plants. For example, in 2012, an average of 37% of the electricity production in the SRB countries was generated by hydropower and 61% in thermal power plants. Focusing on the SRB, in terms of existing installed capacities, the basin accommodates close to a tenth of all hydropower capacity while providing water for cooling to 42% of the net capacity of thermal power currently in operation in the basin. This energy-oriented nexus study explores the dependency on the basin’s water resources of the energy systems in the region for the period between 2015 and 2030. To do so, a multi-country electricity model was developed to provide a quantification ground to the analysis, using the open-source software modelling tool OSeMOSYS. Three main areas are subject to analysis: first, the impact of energy efficiency and renewable energy strategies in the electricity generation mix; secondly, the potential impacts of climate change under a moderate climate change projection scenario; and finally, deriving from the latter point, the cumulative impact of an increase in water demand in the agriculture sector, for irrigation. Additionally, electricity trade dynamics are compared across the different scenarios under scrutiny, as an effort to investigate the implications of the aforementioned factors in the electricity markets in the region.
As políticas de gestão de recursos são, frequentemente, desenvolvidas e planeadas para fazer face às necessidades específicas de determinados sectores, sem terem em conta os interesses de outros sectores que também utilizam os mesmos recursos. Num cenário de esgotamento de recursos, crescimento populacional, aumento da procura de energia e sensibilização para as mudanças climáticas, é de grande importância promover a avaliação de ligações intersectoriais e, ao fazê-lo, perceber as suas implicações e efeitos. Esta necessidade é ainda maior quando o uso comum de recursos não é relevante apenas a nível nacional mas também quando a distribuição de recursos se alarga a outras nações diferentes. A presente dissertação centra-se no estudo dos sistemas energéticos de cinco países da região sudeste da Europa que partilham a bacia do rio Sava (BRS), recorrendo a uma abordagem da relação água-alimentação(agricultura)-energia. No caso do sector de produção de eletricidade a utilização da água é essencial para a integridade dos sistemas energéticos, pois a produção de energia nos países da BRS provém de duas tecnologias principais que dependem da água: centrais hídricas e térmicas. A título de exemplo, em 2012, da produção de eletricidade dos países da BRS, 37% foi gerada a partir de energia hídrica e 61% produzida por centrais térmoelétricas. Olhando para a BRS, em termos da potência instalada existente, a bacia acomoda cerca de um décimo de toda a potência hidroelétrica instalada e, ao mesmo tempo, contribui com água para os sistemas de arrefecimento de 42% da potência total instalada das centrais térmicas em funcionamento na região. Este estudo integrado do nexus para a energia explora a dependência entre os sistemas energéticos da região com os recursos hídricos da bacia, entre os anos 2015 e 2030. Para tal, foi desenvolvido um modelo do sistema elétrico transnacional para fornecer uma base quantificavel à análise, usando o software de código aberto OSeMOSYS. A análise é feita a três áreas principais: a primeira corresponde ao impacto das estratégias de eficiência energética e energias renováveis no mix energético de produção de eletricidade; a segunda relaciona-se com os potenciais impactos das alterações climáticas, atendendo a previsões de um cenário moderado de mudanças climáticas e, por último, decorrente do ponto anterior, o impacto cumulativo do aumento da procura de água para irrigação no sector agrícola. Este estudo inclui ainda uma comparação da dinâmica da exportação/importação de eletricidade nos diferentes cenários, com o objetivo de investigar as implicações que os fatores mencionados anteriormente poderão ter nos mercados da eletricidade dos países desta região.
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Zhao, Bo. "Occurrence and fate of N-nitrosamines and their formation potential in wastewater system and receiving rivers". Kyoto University, 2019. http://hdl.handle.net/2433/244538.

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Yitbarek, Baye Andarge. "Hydrogeological and hydrochemical framework of complex volcanic system in the Upper Awash River basin, Central Ethiopia : with special emphasis on inter-basins groundwater transfer between Blue Nile and Awash rivers". Poitiers, 2009. http://theses.edel.univ-poitiers.fr/theses/2009/Yitbarek-Baye-Andarge/2009-Yitbarek-Baye-Andarge-These.pdf.

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Une approche utilisant plusieurs méthodes convergentes a été mise en oeuvre pour étudier le cadre hydrogéologique du système aquifère volcanique fracturé et complexe du bassin supérieur du fleuve Awash situé sur le bord du Rift éthiopien. L'écoulement des eaux souterraines et les mécanismes de recharge des différents aquifères ont été étudiés à l'aide de méthodes conventionnelles de terrain, de l'hydrochimie, de l'hydrologie isotopique et de la modélisation numérique des flux souterrains. Des relations lithohydrostratigraphiques ont été établies à partir des logs lithologiques de forages exploratoires profonds. Les résultats montrent un modèle d'écoulement et des caractéristiques hydrauliques des différents aquifères volcaniques très complexes. La corrélation litho-hydrostratigraphique indique que l'aquifère basaltique inférieur, constitué de scories poreuses et perméables, est continu tout le long depuis le Nil Bleu jusqu'à la zone étudiée. L'analyse de la variation temporelle et spatiale des échantillons d’eau provenant d'endroits différents a révélé des interactions nettes entre l'eau souterraine et l'eau superficielle. De nouvelles évidences des transferts d'eau inter-bassins sont apparues. Deux aquifères basaltiques régionaux (l'aquifère supérieur et l'aquifère inférieur) ont été identifiés, montrant des signatures hydrochimiques et isotopiques bien distinctes. Dans la partie sud de la zone étudiée, l'aquifère supérieur et l'aquifère inférieur forment un système aquifère régional non confiné. Dans les parties nord et centrale du bassin au contraire, il apparaît que les deux systèmes sont séparés par un aquiclude régional, donnant lieu par endroits à des puits artésiens. Les eaux souterrainex provenant des puits d'exploration profonds (plus de 250 m) pénétrant l'aquifère basaltique inférieur et des puits situés au sud se sont révélées modérément mineralisées (TDS 400-650 mg/l), avec une composition isotopique stable, relativement moins enrichie et avec presque pas de tritium. Par contre, l'aquifère supérieur superficiel a une concentration ionique moins importante, davantage enrichie isotopiquement. Les résultats des différentes méthodes montrent clairement qu'il existe un transfert d'eau souterraine du nord du bassin adjacent du Nil Bleu vers le bassin supérieur du fleuve Awash. Les résultats convergent également pour attester de l'origine commune de la recharge et de la continuité hydraulique de l'aquifère basaltique inférieur exploité par des forages. Ceci peut avoir des implications pratiques capitales car l'existence d'importantes ressources d'eau souterraine en profondeur peut résoudre les problèmes d'approvisionnement de nombreuses villes, y compris la capitale, Addis Ababa. Ces résultats pourront aussi contribuer à mettre à jour d'autres aquifères régionaux le long des limites du rift dans des zones ayant une structure hydrogéologique similaire à celle du bassin supérieur du fleuve Awash
Integrated approach has been used to investigate the hydrogeological framework of a complex fractured volcanic aquifer system in the Upper Awash river basin located at the western shoulder of the Ethiopian rift. The groundwater flow system and mechanism of recharge of different aquifers have been studied using conventional hydrogeological field investigations, hydrochemistry, isotope hydrology and numerical groundwater flow modeling techniques. Litho-hydrostratigraphic relationships were constructed from lithologic logs obtained from exploratory drilling of deep boreholes. The result indicates quite complex flow pattern and hydraulic characteristics of the different volcanic aquifers. The litho-hydrostratigraphic correlation indicates that the permeable and porous scoraceous lower basaltic aquifer is extended laterally all the way from the Blue Nile Plateau to the study area. . The analysis of the temporal and spatial variation of water samples from different places revealed clear undwater-surface water interactions. New evidences have also emerged on the inter-basin groundwater transfer. Two distinct regional basaltic aquifers (Upper and lower) are identified showing distinct hydrochemical and isotopic signatures. In the southern part of the study area the upper and lower aquifers form one unconfined regional aquifer system. In the northern and central part of the basin, it appears that the two systems are separated by regional aquiclude forming confined aquifers, in places with artesian wells. The groundwater from the deep exploratory wells (>250m) tapping the lower basaltic aquifer and wells located in the south were found to be moderately mineralized (TDS: 400-600 mg/l), with relatively depleted stable isotope composition and with almost zero tritium. In contrast, the upper shallow aquifer has lesser ionic concentration, more isotopically enriched. Evidences from the different methods clearly indicate inter-basin groundwater transfer from the Blue Nile basin to the Upper Awash basin. The evidences also converge to testify common origin of recharge, presence of hydraulic connectivity for systems tapping the lower basaltic aquifer. This has enormous practical implication in finding large groundwater reserve at a greater depth that can solve the current water supply problems of the community including the capital Addis Ababa. It will also have important role in finding more regional aquifers along the plateau-rift margins in many areas having similar hydrogeological setup as the study area
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Lorenzoni, Laura. "Sediment transport and distribution over continental shelves: a glimpse at two different river-influenced systems, the Cariaco Basin and the Amazon Shelf". Scholar Commons, 2012. http://scholarcommons.usf.edu/etd/4132.

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The aim of this dissertation was to understand lithogenic suspended sediment transport mechanisms and distribution in two river-influenced margins: The Cariaco Basin, Venezuela, and the Amazon Shelf, Brazil. Lithogenic sediment input in the Cariaco Basin is controlled by small mountainous rivers (SMR), while in the Amazon Shelf it is dominated by the Amazon River, the largest river in the world in terms of freshwater discharge (~20% of global riverine discharge). Optical transmissometer measurements were coupled with particulate organic matter (POM) observations to understand changes in the geochemical composition of suspended sediment and spatial/temporal distributions over the two regions of interest. In the Cariaco Basin sampling was conducted during the rainy seasons of September 2003, 2006 and 2008, and during the upwelling period (dry season) of 2009. Our results suggest that bottom nepheloid layers (BNL) originating at the mouth of the SMR discharging into the Cariaco Basin are a major delivery mechanism of terrigenous sediments to the basin's interior year-round. Intermediate nepheloid layers (INL) were also observed near the shelf break (~100m) and appear to effectively carry terrigenous material laterally from the shelf to deep waters, thereby providing a plausible supply mechanism of the terrestrial material observed in sediment traps, deployed >70 km offshore as part of the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series. These findings highlight the importance of small, local rivers in the Cariaco Basin as sources of terrestrial material. Indeed, the low isotopic composition of particulate organic carbon (δ13Corg, ~-30 - -24 ‰) carried by the BNL suggests that this material was continentally derived. BNL δ13Corg also changed with season, indicating that the geochemical composition of BNL reflects particle source. These nepheloid layers contained relatively low POM concentrations (average of 10%), agreeing well with published data, yet the fine sediment of the BNL may serve as mineral ballast, enhancing the sinking velocities of POC and thus increasing the efficiency of the biological pump in Cariaco. We suggest that during the transition between the upwelling and rainy season BNL deliver sediment to the deep Cariaco Basin in pulses. During upwelling, BNL are retained on the inner shelf by onshore Ekman transport associated with upwelling. The nepheloid layers are later released as the upwelling subsides; this, coupled with high river discharge rates, may explain the seasonal pulse of sediment observed at the end of the upwelling period (May) in the sediment trap array. The SMR in Cariaco also have the capacity to deliver large amounts of sediment to the Cariaco Basin during episodic events, such as earthquakes and floods. During September 2008 a sediment density flow was observed in the eastern Cariaco Basin, likely triggered by a magnitude 5.2 earthquake that occurred on August 11, 2008 off the city of Cumaná. Elevated suspended sediments near the bottom were observed at the mouth of the Manzanares Canyon (> 90 g m-2, over a depth of 165 m) and decreased to ~11 g m-2 (over a depth of 40 m) 42 Km away from the canyon's mouth at the CARIACO Ocean Time-Series site (10.5° N, 64.67° W). The sediment flux associated with this single event was ~ 10% of the total annual sediment flux that typically reaches the Cariaco Basin deep seafloor. Average carbon to nitrogen atomic ratios (C/N) as well as C and N isotopic composition confirm that most of the organic matter transferred by the sediment flow was of continental origin (C/N ratios of ~19.3, δ13C of -27.04 ‰, and δ15N of 6.83 ‰). The Manzanares River mouth is located at the head of the canyon, and likely supplies most of the fine grained sediments and fresh organic carbon that accumulate in the upper part of the canyon. This suggests that the canyon is an active depositional center, and its proximity to the Manzanares River and Cariaco Basin is critical for sediment supply offshore, which in turn can have a significant impact on the long-term sequestration of carbon into the deep basin. The nutrient and sediment biogeochemistry of the outer Amazon Shelf was studied in February-March 2010 to replicate observations made by the AmasSeds study in 1989-1991. These transects roughly corresponded to the AmasSeds Open Shelf (OS) and River Mouth (RM) transects. Onshore winds (~6 m s-1) contained the Amazon plume within ~120 Km of the coast; the plume was visible only in the mid-shelf stations located closest to the coast in the OS transect. Within the river plume, surface dissolved inorganic nutrient concentrations were near zero, except for silicates (4-6 μM). Coupled with oxygen supersaturation (AOU < 1), this suggested complete biological uptake of the major dissolved inorganic nutrients (N, P). Dissolved organic carbon (DOC) was also highest within the plume (average of 116 μM), decreasing to ~73 μM in oceanic waters. Total suspended solids (TSS) in surface waters within the plume were ~1-1.5 mg l-1, decreasing to ~0.2-0.3 mg l-1 in all other sampled stations both over the shelf and in deeper waters. TSS were highest within BNL (22-33 mg l-1) observed over the inner shelf; BNL were not observed outside the area of the Amazon plume. Suspended particulate organic carbon (POCsusp) showed a depleted δ13C isotopic signal (~-25 ‰ to -28 ‰) in surface and bottom waters, suggesting terrestrial provenance. Within the BNL, %POC was low (0.6-0.9%, as compared to 7-18% in surface waters), showing extensive and rapid decomposition of organic matter over the shelf. Atomic C/N ratios in particulate organic matter both in surface waters and within BNL were relatively close to Redfield's (8-14) and relatively stable over the area sampled. Particulate atomic organic carbon vs. particulate organic phosphorous (POC/POP) ratios were also low within the BNL (~110) and increased offshore (>500), suggesting a direct input of particulate P from the Amazon River or from reworked surface sediments. The fraction of POC in surface sediments was also low (0.73 ±; 0.56%; N = 5) and relatively uniform across the region sampled. We estimated instantaneous fluxes of 38.7 metric tons TSS s-1, 0.24 metric tons POC s-1 and 6.42 x 10-3 metric tons POP s-1 northwestward over an area extending between ~50 Km and 120 Km offshore. Our TSS estimates are 30% lower than those calculated by Nittrouer et al. (1986) during peak discharge of the Amazon. We also calculated that some 1.50 Tg yr-1 of DOC were being flushed northwestward along the outer shelf annually, which represent ~6% of the total DOC transported by the Amazon. By analyzing these two geographical settings it was possible to compare and contrast transport mechanisms of continentally-derived material and establish the relative importance of each mechanism in their different environment. There is still much to be understood regarding BNL in the Cariaco Basin, such as their role within the Manzanares Submarine Canyon with regards to sediment contribution and deposition. Additionally, during the last 30 years, anthropogenic influences on the small rivers around the Basin have significantly altered the drainage and sediment loads, yet reliable data to quantify the level of influence and change over time are not available. We need a better understanding of the natural variability of these small, tropical fluvial systems, trends and impact of episodic events, to better interpret the climate record stored at the bottom of the basin and predict future ecosystem changes in the region. In the Amazon Shelf, more accurate estimates of DOC, POC and POP fluxes northwestward are warranted. The magnitude of the Amazon River discharge dampens changes that have occurred in the last 20 years within the Amazon Basin, suggesting that historic Amazon Shelf sediment and carbon estimates are still valid. The data presented here adds to the growing body of literature that highlights the significance of river-influenced continental margins as sites of organic carbon deposition, remineralization export and sequestration.
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Latrubesse, Edgardo M., Eugenio Y. Arima, Thomas Dunne, Edward Park, Victor R. Baker, Fernando M. d’Horta, Charles Wight i in. "Damming the rivers of the Amazon basin". NATURE PUBLISHING GROUP, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/10150/625952.

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More than a hundred hydropower dams have already been built in the Amazon basin and numerous proposals for further dam constructions are under consideration. The accumulated negative environmental effects of existing dams and proposed dams, if constructed, will trigger massive hydrophysical and biotic disturbances that will affect the Amazon basin's floodplains, estuary and sediment plume. We introduce a Dam Environmental Vulnerability Index to quantify the current and potential impacts of dams in the basin. The scale of foreseeable environmental degradation indicates the need for collective action among nations and states to avoid cumulative, far-reaching impacts. We suggest institutional innovations to assess and avoid the likely impoverishment of Amazon rivers.
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Wong, Wing-sze. "Water chemistry in the Kam Tin basin, natural and authropogenic influences". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2007. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B38605843.

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Fung, Lai-kuen. "An Investigation of the stream water chemistry in a small drainage basin in Shek Kong, Hong Kong". Hong Kong : University of Hong Kong, 2000. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record.jsp?B22288077.

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Maddy, Darrel. "The Middle Pleistocene development of the rivers Severn and Avon". Thesis, Royal Holloway, University of London, 1989. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.311980.

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Lorenzoni, Laura. "The influence of local rivers on the eastern cariaco basin, Venezuela". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2005. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0001152.

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Książki na temat "Rivers- Rivers basin and systems"

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Spirin, Yuriy, Sergey Zotov, Evgeniy Krasnov i Nadezhda Cvetkova. Polder watercourses: research methods and geoecological assessment. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1903343.

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The monograph describes research methods and geoecological assessment of polder lands. The history of research and practical use of surface waters of the Kaliningrad region is characterized, modern problems of their geoecological state are revealed. The characteristic of polder lands as complex natural and economic systems is given, the necessity of geoecological studies of the catchments of small rivers located on them is substantiated. A methodological approach has been developed to assess the geoecological condition of the basins of small watercourses through the combined analysis of hydrological, hydrochemical and geoecological data. Hydrological calculations of the key characteristics of the river flow of small watercourses of polder lands were carried out, the dependencies between them were revealed. Field studies were carried out, hydrochemical data sets were obtained on the rivers of polder lands for four hydrological seasons of 2020-2021. Retrospective hydrochemical information has been processed. The prevailing pollutants, integral indicators of water quality and the main sources of pollution are calculated. Based on the results obtained, a scheme of spatial distribution of pollution of the river network of polder lands is constructed. The geoecological condition of the basins is assessed on the basis of a complex of natural and anthropogenic data; based on the result obtained, recommendations for its improvement are given. It is of interest to specialists in the field of geoecology, hydrology, hydrochemistry, environmental management and environmental protection.
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Alaska. Division of Land and Water. Lands and Resources Section. Susitna Basin recreation rivers management plan. [Anchorage, Alaska]: State of Alaska, Dept. of Natural Resources, 1991.

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Ivankova, Tat'yana, Roman Chalov, Boris Kochurov, Sofiya Isaeva i Antonina Suzdaleva. Ensuring environmental safety of natural and technical systems of small river basins in the conditions of the Crimean Peninsula. ru: INFRA-M Academic Publishing LLC., 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.12737/1903315.

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The monograph is devoted to the problems of ensuring environmental safety of natural and technical systems of small river basins. The author uses a basin approach to assess the ecological state of a small mountain river, in the basin of which both surface and groundwater are intensively used. The research is based on factual material obtained during field and desk work. The complex ecological and economic characteristics of the basin of the typical small mountain river Alma of the Crimean Peninsula, the classification of the basin lands, the assessment of the degree of stress and tension of the ecological situation, performed by computational methods, are presented. Recommendations for the protection of the natural environment in the river basin are proposed. The author has developed criteria for the ecological safety of the natural and technical system of a small river depending on the current water availability for the mountainous, foothill and plain territories of the basin as the volume of permissible withdrawal of river runoff. Recommendations on improving the management system of the natural and technical system of the river basin aimed at reducing the anthropogenic impact on the catchment area, as well as recommendations and measures to restore an environmentally favorable state are presented. It is intended for specialists in the field of rational use of natural resources, researchers, university teachers, students studying in the areas of 08.03.01, 08.04.01 "Construction", 20.03.02 "Environmental management and water use", as well as a wide range of readers interested in water resources, ecology and geography.
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India. Dept. of Environment., red. River metamorphosis due to human intervention in the Neyyar basin, Kerala. Kariavattom, India: Dept. of Geology, University of Kerala, 1989.

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Josette, Garnier, i Mouchel J. -M, red. Man and river systems: The functioning of river systems at the basin scale. Dordrecht: Kluwer Academic Publishers, 1999.

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I, Longpré Claire, Justin Greg B, Jefferson County (Wash.). Dept. of Natural Resources. i Geological Survey (U.S.), red. Ground-water system in the Chimacum Creek basin and surface water/ground water interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, eastern Jefferson County, Washington. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Simonds, F. W. Ground-water system in the Chimacum Creek basin and surface water/ground water interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, eastern Jefferson County, Washington. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Simonds, F. W. Ground-water system in the Chimacum Creek basin and surface water/ground water interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, eastern Jefferson County, Washington. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Simonds, F. W. Ground-water system in the Chimacum Creek basin and surface water/ground water interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, eastern Jefferson County, Washington. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Simonds, F. W. Ground-water system in the Chimacum Creek basin and surface water/ground water interaction in Chimacum and Tarboo Creeks and the Big and Little Quilcene Rivers, eastern Jefferson County, Washington. Reston, Va: U.S. Dept. of the Interior, U.S. Geological Survey, 2004.

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Części książek na temat "Rivers- Rivers basin and systems"

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Feng, Xinbin, Bo Meng, Haiyu Yan, Xuewu Fu, Heng Yao i Lihai Shang. "Mercury in Inflow/Outflow Rivers of Reservoirs". W Biogeochemical Cycle of Mercury in Reservoir Systems in Wujiang River Basin, Southwest China, 67–94. Singapore: Springer Singapore, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-10-6719-8_5.

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O’Farrell, Inés. "Comparative analysis of the phytoplankton of fifteen lowland fluvial systems of the River Plate Basin (Argentina)". W Phytoplankton in Turbid Environments: Rivers and Shallow Lakes, 109–17. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1994. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2670-2_10.

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Leuven, R. S. E. W., P. H. Nienhuis, J. M. A. Kesseleer i W. A. Zwart. "Annual emissions of pollutants from mine stone applications in drainage basins of Dutch rivers". W Man and River Systems, 315–23. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2163-9_33.

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Prygiel, J., A. Rosso-Darmet, M. Lafont, C. Lesniak, A. Durbec i B. Ouddane. "Use of oligochaete communities for assessment of ecotoxicological risk in fine sediment of rivers and canals of the Artois-Picardie water basin (France)". W Man and River Systems, 25–37. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-94-017-2163-9_4.

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Xu, Hongzhuang, Dean Wu, Shaofu Tang, Yuhong Huang i Weiyi Qu. "Study on Planning and Design of Ecological Pastoral Cultural Landscape Belt of Luliang River System in Yunnan Province, China". W Lecture Notes in Civil Engineering, 1271–84. Singapore: Springer Nature Singapore, 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-981-19-6138-0_111.

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AbstractLuliang County of Yunnan Province has identified tourism as one of the four pillar industries, and established the new concept of large tourism, large resources, large market and large development, so as to make tourism a new growth point of Luliang County’s national economy and the leader of the tertiary industry. Luliang will be integrated into a scenic spot with water as the core, integrating pastoral scenery with cultural landscape, combining modernity with tradition, beautiful and comfortable tourism environment, complete facilities and reasonable planning. Taking the opportunity of the national implementation of the river head system, Rural Revitalization and rural complex construction, taking the Xinpanjiang River, the Laopanjiang River and Yanfang River as the framework and aiming at “smooth river, clear water, green bank and beautiful scenery”, the project fully excavates and makes use of Luliang’s historical and cultural connotation and resources through flood control and drainage, sewage collection and treatment along the river, ecological green corridor, the waterfront landscape improvement and other measures shall be taken to comprehensively manage the three rivers, so as to create the waterfront landscape pattern of one heart and three belts of the wetland ecological tourism service core of the Xinpanjiang River and the Laopanjiang River Basin, the fast green tourism channel of the Xinpanjiang River, the ecological and cultural landscape belt of the Laopanjiang River and the ecological pastoral landscape belt of the Yanfang River, so as to improve the urban taste and the people’s sense of obtaining a beautiful ecological environment. The project falls within the poverty-stricken area of fish. Rice and water township on the plateau, and its functional orientation is mainly ecological agricultural sightseeing, experience and poverty-stricken vacation. Therefore, the construction of waterfront landscape belt, park node construction and greening promotion along the Xinpanjiang River, the Laopanjiang River and the Yanfang River have beautified the environment of the dam area, created space for tourists and citizens to visit, visit and relax, and laid a solid foundation for the development of tourism in Luliang County.
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Gandouin, Emmanuel, i Philippe Ponel. "Rivers". W Changing Climates, Earth Systems and Society, 161–75. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2010. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-90-481-8716-4_7.

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Frattini, Bruno, i Neil Manning. "Pilot Project on Environment and Health Rapid Risk Assessment in Secondary Rivers of the Mean and Lower Danube Basin". W Integrated Risk and Vulnerability Management Assisted by Decision Support Systems, 417–39. Dordrecht: Springer Netherlands, 2005. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/1-4020-3721-x_7.

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Ivanov, V. V., i A. A. Piskun. "Distribution of River Water and Suspended Sediment Loads in the Deltas of Rivers in the Basins of The Laptev and East-Siberian Seas". W Land-Ocean Systems in the Siberian Arctic, 239–50. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Berlin Heidelberg, 1999. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-60134-7_22.

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Iberall, Arthur S. "On Rivers". W Self-Organizing Systems, 33–47. Boston, MA: Springer US, 1987. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-1-4613-0883-6_3.

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Abtew, Wossenu, i Assefa M. Melesse. "Transboundary Rivers and the Nile". W Nile River Basin, 565–79. Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2014. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02720-3_28.

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Streszczenia konferencji na temat "Rivers- Rivers basin and systems"

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Castillo, L. G., J. T. García i J. M. Carrillo. "Intake systems in ephemeral rivers". W RIVER BASIN MANAGEMENT 2015. Southampton, UK: WIT Press, 2015. http://dx.doi.org/10.2495/rm150111.

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Ulzetueva, Irina, Bair Gomboev, Daba Zhamyanov, Valentin Batomunkuev i Zorikto Banzaraktsaev. "INTEGRAL ASSESSMENT OF ANTHROPOGENIC PRESSURE ON WATER BODIES IN THE LAKE BAIKAL BASIN". W GEOLINKS International Conference. SAIMA Consult Ltd, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.32008/geolinks2020/b1/v2/27.

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The integrated assessment of the ecological state of the main rivers of the lake Baikal basin - Verkhnyaya Angara, Tyya, Barguzin, Selenga, Snezhnaya, Bolshaya Rechka, Khilok, Chikoy is based on the assessment of the variability of the basin system under the influence of two groups of indicators: 1) Direct (immediate) impact - the volume of water intake and wastewater discharge, water use and sequential water supply. Assessment of the impact on the state of the above-listed rivers basins from wastewater was performed using the algorithm proposed by A. Korolev et al. (2007). 2) Indirect (mediate) impact - indicators of areal and linear-network impacts on the catchment area. Based on the calculation of the integral anthropogenic pressure on the territory of the above-listed river basins, only the Selenga river experiences an “average” anthropogenic load. On the territory of most river basins, the anthropogenic load is “lowered” and “low”.
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Молородов, Ю. И., i В. В. Барциц. "INFORMATION SYSTEM FOR DATA ANALYSIS POLLUTION OF WATER DRAINS OF NOVOSIBIRSK AND THE REGION". W XVII Российская конференция “Распределенные информационно-вычислительные ресурсы: Цифровые двойники и большие данные”. Crossref, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.25743/ict.2019.13.91.019.

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В работе показано влияние факторов, процессов и последствий загрязнения компонентов городских экосистем на загрязнение вод и гидрохимический состав воды малых рек и бассейна реки Обь. Описана структура прототипа интерактивной информационной системы (ИАС), в которой предусмотрена возможность получения прогноза на ближайшее пять лет. The paper shows the influence of factors, processes and consequences of pollution of components of urban ecosystems on water pollution and hydrochemical composition of water of small rivers and the Ob river basin. The structure of the prototype of the interactive information system (IAS), which provides for the possibility of obtaining a forecast for the next five years, is described.
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Youlin, He, i Niu Lede. "Fractal Studies for Basin Characteristics of Three Parallel Rivers Area Based on GIS". W 2016 International Conference on Robots & Intelligent System (ICRIS). IEEE, 2016. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/icris.2016.41.

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Sakamoto, Maiko, Yukio Tanaka, Kazimierz A. Salewicz i Mikiyasu Nakayama. "Game Theoretical Analysis of Water Allocation Rule in Lower Basin of Euphrates and Tigris Rivers". W 2013 IEEE International Conference on Systems, Man and Cybernetics (SMC 2013). IEEE, 2013. http://dx.doi.org/10.1109/smc.2013.350.

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Suleimenovich MUSTAFAYEV, Zhumakhan, Jozef MOSIEJ, Lya Tobazhanovna KOZYKEEVA i Kurmanbek ZHANYMKHAN. "METHODS OF COMPLEX ASSESSMENT OF NATURAL AND ANTHROPOGENIC PRESSURE FOR WATER RESOURCES IN CENTRAL ASIA - KARATAL RIVER CASE STUDY". W RURAL DEVELOPMENT. Aleksandras Stulginskis University, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.15544/rd.2017.123.

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Development of the national economy in the Karatal basin river is characterized by the progressive involvement and development of the resource potential of natural landscapes, the current rate of utilization of which greatly enhances the anthropogenic impact on the natural environment. A significant impact on the formation of the ecological environment of natural landscapes is provided by the rural and water sectors, as well as by industrial facilities related to processing and mining. At the same time, on the one hand the economic activity of the man in the catchment areas of the river basin gives a certain positive effect, and on the other hand, it is accompanied by an unavoidable set of negative ecological consequences that complicate ecological situations in various ranks of natural systems. Such negative natural and man-caused process in human activity occurs as a result of inadequate knowledge of the regularities of interaction between natural and anthropogenic factors, about the processes developing in the natural environment in complex watershed management, which is one of the obstacles on the way to the creation of ecologically sustainable cost-effective water catchment systems. Scientific interest to the assessment of the ecological state of the catchments of rivers and the problem of their complex development have been appeared relatively recently which is explained by the increase in modern conditions of anthropogenic load on the catchment areas, the need to assess the impact of such pressures on the ecological stability of catchments and the emergence of the problem of ensuring the sustainable function of catchments. The catena concept was developed to analyze the regular variability of soil on the slope. The example of this approach consists first in a structural component, the recurring pattern of certain soils in a landscape transects in which every chain element has its place in the chain, a soil has it in a landscape areal. The object of the research is the catchment basin of the Karatal river with a length of 390 km, an area of 19.1 thousand km², which is formed by the merger of three rivers called Tekeliaryk, Chadzha and Kora, sources which are at an altitude of 3200-3900 m. The initial 160 km is mountain character, from the Zhungarian Alatau and below the confluence of Kara and Chizhe River overlooks a wide intermountain plain. Other tributaries are Kara, Terekty, Laba, Balykty, Mokur and the most abundant is Koksu. After the confluence of the tributary of the Koksu River, Karatal flows through the sandy desert of the Southern Balkhash. At a distance of 40 km from the mouth, the river has a delta area of 860 km 2. According to long-term observations, the average annual discharge of the Karatal River in the Ushtobe section is 66.7 m3/s or 2.1 km3/ year.
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Obodovskyi, Oleksandr, Vasyl Onyschuk, Mikhailo Grodzinskyi i Anatoliy Melnyk. "Changes in the “channel-flow” hydrodynamic system of the mountain rivers in Tisza river basin (within Ukraine) in terms of high-water conditions". W PROCEEDINGS OF THE INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE OF COMPUTATIONAL METHODS IN SCIENCES AND ENGINEERING 2019 (ICCMSE-2019). AIP Publishing, 2019. http://dx.doi.org/10.1063/1.5138046.

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Keve, Gábor. "DETERMINING ACCURATE ICE COVERAGE ON DANUBE BY WEBCAMERAS". W XXVII Conference of the Danubian Countries on Hydrological Forecasting and Hydrological Bases of Water Management. Nika-Tsentr, 2020. http://dx.doi.org/10.15407/uhmi.conference.01.03.

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For most Hungarian rivers, especially the Danube, floods and other damages caused by ice have produced and are producing serious problems. Meanwhile, the number of national researches on ice that improve the effectiveness of ice protection is low, and technical development is not significant at this point. The main focus of the research presented in this article emphasizes the advancement of this research and to the further develop of the river ice monitoring methodology. The key objectives are listed in the following points: Develop a fast, automated, cost effective, and continuous ice-collection method based on web camera images with a precision far beyond their manual or estimation procedures. Verification of the developed solution through error analysis. Solutions that do not require specialized software were preferential. Analyze the time pulsation and daily travel curve of the ice jam coverage ratio of the Danube with the developed high frequency measurement process. The aim of this paper is to promote modernization of the Hungarian ice-observations and to provide a numerical basis for scientific research related to this topic. I have demonstrated that the web-based, automated river ice-monitoring system can be used as a detailed hydrographic tool and can provide more accurate results than the currently used estimation or manual image processing methods. I have proved that from the images of webcams to determine the rate of ice coverage, it is enough to imagine the views of the cameras in advance, with a single spatial perspective transformation, it is not necessary to use georeferencing, orthorectification, or complicated form recognition procedures for each frame. From the perspective mapping, the aspect ratio of the pixels (pixels) to the water surface in the image being examined can be calculated, and it is sufficient for the computation of ice coverage in all images with the same viewpoint. By doing this, I've narrowed the task to the grading of the water-ice pixels. A simple numerical method was developed and verified to determine the area ratio of pixels to the surface of the water. I have developed an automatic, adaptable threshold value, which distinguishes between ice and water with appropriate precision as picture points (pixels). With my method of ice coverage determination, I observed significant temporal pulsation and daily periodicity in the ice movement of the observed Danube reach. I have found that the small number of daily estimates are not representative to determine daily average ice coverage. I recommend continuous webcams monitoring. The new findings contribute to a more accurate understanding of the spatial and temporal structures of ice floes in rivers, as well as the methodological development of their measurability and reproducibility. My work creates the basis for the modernization of the Hungarian ice-monitoring network. The operation of such a network provides the condition that in the future on the larger rivers ice floe forecasting and alarm systems may be established. The time series collected over the past decades provide data for national research on river ice phenomenon’s too.
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Ilcheva, Irena, Anna Yordanova, Lubenova Lubenova, Gergana Drumeva i Vesela Rainova. "APPROACH AND INDICATOR SYSTEM FOR ASSESSMENT THE IMPACTS OF RESERVOIRS AND PROLONGED DROUGHT IDENTIFICATION IN BULGARIA FOR WATER FRAMEWORK DIRECTIVE". W 22nd SGEM International Multidisciplinary Scientific GeoConference 2022. STEF92 Technology, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.5593/sgem2022/3.1/s12.07.

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Drought indicator systems help decision-makers to understand how and where the drought occurred and to take measures from the Drought Management Plans. The main goal in the Water Framework Directive (WFD) is the achievement �good ecological status�, but the Article 4.6 allows temporary deterioration of the status, occurred as a result of so called �prolonged drought�. Reduction of natural water resources such as rivers, lakes, aquifers, is associated with the reduction in available water resources for water supply, environment, etc. (so called �socio � economic� drought). The severity of the �prolonged drought� is related to its duration, specificities of the river basin, reservoir management and impacts. The research is related to the system of drought indicators developed in NIMH (http://hydro.bg: Standardized Runoff Index, SRI; Standardized Precipitation Index, SPI; Soil Moisture Index, SMI) and its improvement at River Basin level. A new approach for integrated analysis of the indices of the NIMH system, the indicators used by the Ministry of Environment and Water (MoEW) - inflow and levels of reservoirs, groundwater, etc., has been developed. Thus, from the first months, the so-called hot spots and critical areas are identified - reservoirs, watersheds and river basins for which drought indicators identify drought and/or whose regulatory capabilities have declining potential and are at risk in the event of prolonged drought. Emphasis is placed on those hot spots where the precipitation deficit takes place in the reservoir watersheds. A system of criteria and drought indicators to identify �prolonged droughts� have been experimentally applied. A joint analysis of the SRI, SPI, SMI maps (http://hydro.bg), the developed maps for inflow and volume of complex and significant reservoirs from Annex 1 of the Water Act, etc., was performed. For assessment of the indicators for the reservoir inflow a scale of inflow used by the MoEW is proposed. For the indicator available volume, experiments with the Percent from reservoir capacity, Standardized Status Index, etc., were conducted. Drought periods in Bulgaria are analyzed, especially prolonged drought 2019 � 2020. The approach supports the operational application of the NIMH drought indicator system in the practice of the MoEW and the Drought Management Plans realization.
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Voitsekhovich, O., T. Lavrora, A. S. Skalskiy i V. F. Ryazantsev. "The Strategy on Rehabilitation of the Former Uranium Facilities at the “Pridneprovsky Chemical Plant” in Ukraine". W The 11th International Conference on Environmental Remediation and Radioactive Waste Management. ASMEDC, 2007. http://dx.doi.org/10.1115/icem2007-7196.

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This paper describes current status of the former Uranium Facilities at the Pridneprovsky Chemical Plant in Ukraine, which are currently under development of action plan for its territory rehabilitation. The monitoring data carried out during recent several years show its impact to the Environment and gives a basis for justification of the number of measures aiming to reduce radiological and ecological risks of the Uranium tailings situated at the territory of PChP. The monitoring data and strategy for its remediation are considered in the presentation. Uranium mining has been intensively conducted in Ukraine since the end of the 40-s. Most of the uranium deposits have been explored in the Dnieper river basin, shown in Figure 1, while some smaller deposits can be found within the basins of the Southern Bug and Severskiy Donets rivers. There also several large Uranium Milling facilities were in operation since the end of the 40-s till 1991, when due to disintegration of the former Soviet Union system the own uranium production has been significantly declined. The Milling Plant and Uranium extraction Facilities in ZhevtiVody is still in operation with UkrAtomprom Industrial Consortium. Therefore rehabilitation programme for all Uranium facilities in this site are in duty of the East Mining Combine and the Consortium. The most difficult case is to provide rehabilitation Action Plan for Uranium tailings and number of other facilities situated in Dnieprodzerzhinsk town and which were in operation by the former State Industrial Enterprise Pridneprovskiy Chemical Plant (PChP).
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Raporty organizacyjne na temat "Rivers- Rivers basin and systems"

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Enlow, Holly, Nathaniel Wetzel, David Biedenharn, Christopher Haring, J. Lamport, Kyle Raburn i Sarah Girdner. Geomorphic assessment of the St. Francis River : between Wappapello Lake and Lake City. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), lipiec 2023. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/47280.

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The St. Francis River is a complex system that lies in the historic floodplain of the Mississippi and Ohio Rivers. The basin has undergone extensive anthropogenic modifications, including reservoir construction, large-scale channelization, and construction of leveed floodways. Several analyses of available gage data, lidar data, and historical research have provided a picture of geomorphic trends and an overall understanding of the river’s stability. The types of analysis used to determine trends included yearly low stage plots, stage-duration curves, specific gage analysis, water surface slopes, and stream power changes. The results from these analyses were synthesized to develop an overall assessment of the reach. Channel cutoffs resulted in a significant decrease in channel length and sinuosity and triggered geomorphic change throughout the river. Immediately following channelization, dramatic decreasing trends in stage were observed for Fisk and Dekyn’s Store, while St. Francis and Holly Island began to aggrade. Slopes and stream power were significantly increased for the upper portion of the study area and showed a decreasing trend for the lower reach.
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Chambers, Katherine, i Waleska Echevarria-Doyle. Applying resilience concepts to inland river system. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), maj 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/40743.

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As environmental uncertainty increases, incorporating resilience into project assessments, research recommendations, and future plans is becoming even more critical. This US Army Engineer Research and Development Center special report (SR) demonstrates how the concepts of resilience can be applied in a uniform framework and illustrates this framework through existing case studies on large inland river systems. This SR presents the concepts of resilience in inland river systems, the application of these concepts across disciplines, basic parameters of a resilience assessment, and the challenges and opportunities available for incorporating a more holistic approach to understanding resilience of the US Army Corps of Engineers mission areas on inland rivers. Finally, these concepts are demonstrated in several case studies in the United States to exemplify how these parameters have been applied to improve the overall performance of the system.
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Afonina, E. Yu. Zooplankton of coastal zone in small lakes and rivers of the Baikal-Lensky basin. ФГБУ РосНИИВХ, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.18411/1999-4508-2018-2-78-91.

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Finzel, E. S., R. J. Gillis, K. D. Ridgway i D. L. LePain. Preliminary evaluation of basin margin exhumation and provenance of Cenozoic strata, Chuitna and Beluga rivers area, Cook Inlet forearc basin, Alaska. Alaska Division of Geological & Geophysical Surveys, czerwiec 2009. http://dx.doi.org/10.14509/19641.

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Cecile, M. P., B. S. Norford, G. S. Nowlan i T. T. Uyeno. Lower Paleozoic stratigraphy and geology, Richardson Mountains, Yukon (with stratigraphic and paleontological appendices). Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/329454.

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The Richardson Trough was a rift basin on the southern margin of an ancestral Iapetus Ocean. It was part of a complex paleogeography that included at least two major rift basins on western Franklinian and northern Cordilleran continental shelves. This paleogeography included the Ogilvie Arch, Porcupine Platform, Blackstone 'supra-basin', Babbage Basin, Husky Lakes Arch, Richardson Trough, Mackenzie Arch, Lac des Bois Platform, and the White Mountains and Campbell uplifts. The Richardson Trough was the failed arm of a triple rift system that formed when an early Paleozoic Iapetus Ocean developed north of the trough. The Richardson Trough displays a classic 'steer's head' profile with two rift fill cycles. The first features late early to middle late Cambrian rifting and late late Cambrian to late Early Ordovician post-rift subsidence; the second, late Early Ordovician to early Silurian rifting and late early Silurian to early Middle Devonian post-rift subsidence. Lower Paleozoic strata exposed in the Richardson Trough range in age from middle Cambrian to early Middle Devonian and are similar to strata in their sister rift, the Misty Creek Embayment. Before this study, the stratigraphic units defined for the Richardson Trough were the Slats Creek Formation and the Road River Formation. Here, the Slats Creek Formation and a new Road River Group are recognized. In order, this group consists of the middle and/or late Cambrian to Early Ordovician Cronin Formation; the early Early Ordovician to latest early Silurian Mount Hare Formation; the early Silurian to late Silurian Tetlit Formation; and the late Silurian to early Middle Devonian Vittrekwa Formation. These Road River Group strata are unconformably overlain by the late Middle to Late Devonian Canol Formation (outcrop) and by the Early Devonian Tatsieta Formation (subsurface).
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Vaidya, Ramesh A., Arun B. Shrestha, Santosh Nepal i Kanchan Shrestha. The Koshi River basin: A biophysical and socioeconomic overview; Resource Book. International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD), kwiecień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.53055/icimod.1008.

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The Koshi River basin resource book presents an analysis of the complexities inherent in effectively managing water resources. It collates current knowledge on the Koshi basin’s water resource system and related ecosystems, their uses and users, and integrated governance mechanisms. Building on these, it presents possible approaches for water management at different scales. The authors identify key knowledge gaps and provide specific recommendations that may be useful for policy makers, administrators, development workers, and researchers working on addressing water resource management issues in the basin.
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Lavoie, D., N. Pinet, S. Zhang, J. Reyes, C. Jiang, O. H. Ardakani, M. M. Savard i in. Hudson Bay, Hudson Strait, Moose River, and Foxe basins: synthesis of Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals program activities from 2008 to 2018. Natural Resources Canada/CMSS/Information Management, 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.4095/326090.

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As part of its Geo-mapping for Energy and Minerals program, the Geological Survey of Canada included the Hudson Bay Basin in its research portfolio with the goal of generating a modern understanding of its geological framework and a precise knowledge of its hydrocarbon systems. The Hudson Bay-Foxe Basins GEM-1 project led to the proposal of modern stratigraphic frameworks and produced extensive geochemical data on hydrocarbon source rocks as well as data on diverse burial-thermal indicators. Satellite data were acquired over the entire offshore domain in the search for evidence for active hydrocarbon systems. For the Hudson-Ungava GEM-2 project, the aim of the research activities was to better understand local and regional factors associated with the burial and exhumation histories as they pertain to regional or local hydrocarbon prospectivity. This research led to a basin-scale stratigraphic framework coupled with detailed analyses of hydrocarbon generation and the appraisal of the best potential reservoir units.
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Hamill, Daniel, i Gabrielle David. Hydrologic analysis of field delineated ordinary high water marks for rivers and streams. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2021. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/41681.

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Streamflow influences the distribution and organization of high water marks along rivers and streams in a landscape. The federal definition of ordinary high water mark (OHWM) is defined by physical and vegetative field indicators that are used to identify inundation extents of ordinary high water levels without any reference to the relationship between streamflow and regulatory definition. Streamflow is the amount, or volume, of water that moves through a stream per unit time. This study explores regional characteristics and relationships between field-delineated OHWMs and frequency-magnitude streamflow metrics derived from a flood frequency analysis. The elevation of OHWM is related to representative constant-level discharge return periods with national average return periods of 6.9 years using partial duration series and 2.8 years using annual maximum flood frequency approaches. The range in OHWM return periods is 0.5 to 9.08, and 1.05 to 11.01 years for peaks-over-threshold and annual maximum flood frequency methods, respectively. The range of OHWM return periods is consistent with the range found in national studies of return periods related to bankfull streamflow. Hydraulic models produced a statistically significant relationship between OHWM and bank-full, which reinforces the close relationship between the scientific concept and OHWM in most stream systems.
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Little, Charles, i David Biedenharn. Technical assessment of the Old, Mississippi, Atchafalaya, and Red (OMAR) Rivers : channel geometry analysis. Engineer Research and Development Center (U.S.), sierpień 2022. http://dx.doi.org/10.21079/11681/45147.

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The Old River Control Complex (ORCC) consists of the Low Sill, Auxiliary, and Overbank structures as features of the Old River Control Structure (ORCS) and the privately owned hydro-electric power plant. Operations of the ORCC manage the hydrologic connectivity between the Mississippi River and the Atchafalaya River/Red River systems. The morphology of the Old, the Mississippi, the Atchafalaya, and the Red Rivers (OMAR) has been influenced by the flow distribution at the ORCC, as well as the accompanying bed sediments. A geomorphic assessment of the OMAR is underway to understand the morphological changes associated with operation of the ORCC. Supporting the geomorphic assessment, a channel geometry analysis herein documents observed adjustments of the affected river channels. Historical hydrographic survey data were used in the Geographic Information System to create river channel geometric models, which inform the analysis. Geometric parameters for cross sections and volume polygons were computed for each survey and evaluated for morphological trends which may be ascribed to the influence of the ORCC. Additionally, the geometric parameters for the Atchafalaya River were used to extend the geometry analyses from the 1951 Mississippi River Commission report on the Atchafalaya River, which was the primary catalyst for the initial development of the ORCS.
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Ingram, Verina, Wilma Jans, Joseph Hitimana, Saskia Werners, Arjen Spijkerman, Jochen Froebrich, Ben Ndolo, Hanneke Heesmans i Jaclyn Rooker. Agroforestry systems in the Upper Mara River Basin : a practical guide for farmers. Wageningen: Wageningen University & Research, 2017. http://dx.doi.org/10.18174/428431.

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