Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Réseau multidimensionnel”
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Yacoub, Slim. "Traitements multidimensionnels en temps réel des signaux électromyographiques respiratoires de surface par réseau d'électrodes NASICON". Université Joseph Fourier (Grenoble), 1996. http://www.theses.fr/1996GRE19001.
Pełny tekst źródłaBen, Chaabene Nour El Houda. "Détection d'utilisateurs violents et de menaces dans les réseaux sociaux". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Institut polytechnique de Paris, 2022. http://www.theses.fr/2022IPPAS001.
Pełny tekst źródłaOnline social networks are an integral part of people's daily social activity. They provide platforms to connect people from all over the world and share their interests. Recent statistics indicate that 56% of the world's population use these social media. However, these network services have also had many negative impacts and the existence of phenomena of aggression and intimidation in these spaces is inevitable and must therefore be addressed. Exploring the complex structure of social networks to detect violent behavior and threats is a challenge for data mining, machine learning, and artificial intelligence. In this thesis work, we aim to propose new approaches for the detection of violent behavior in social networks. Our approaches attempt to resolve this problem for several practical reasons. First, different people have different ways of expressing the same violent behavior. It is desirable to design an approach that works for everyone because of the variety of behaviors and the various ways in which they are expressed. Second, the approaches must have a way to detect potential unseen abnormal behaviors and automatically add them to the training set. Third, the multimodality and multidimensionality of the data available on social networking sites must be taken into account for the development of data mining solutions that will be able to extract relevant information useful for the detection of violent behavior. Finally, approaches must consider the time-varying nature of networks to process new users and links and automatically update built models. In the light of this and to achieve the aforementioned objectives, the main contributions of this thesis are as follows: - The first contribution proposes a model for detecting violent behavior on Twitter. This model supports the dynamic nature of the network and is capable of extracting and analyzing heterogeneous data. - The second contribution introduces an approach for detecting atypical behaviors on a multidimensional network. This approach is based on the exploration and analysis of the relationships between the individuals present on this multidimensional social structure. - The third contribution presents a framework for identifying abnormal people. This intelligent framework is based on the exploitation of a multidimensional model which takes as input multimodal data coming from several sources, capable of automatically enriching the learning set by the violent behaviors detected and considers the dynamicity of the data in order to detect new violent behaviors that appear on the network. This thesis describes achievements combining data mining techniques with new machine learning techniques. To prove the performance of our experimental results, we sums based on real data taken from three popular social networks
Sourty, Marion. "Analyse de la dynamique temporelle et spatiale des réseaux cérébraux spontanés obtenus en imagerie par résonance magnétique fonctionnelle". Thesis, Strasbourg, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016STRAD002/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a perfect tool for mapping in a non- invasive manner the activity of the cortex, giving access to the functional organization of the brain. This organization of brain areas into complex networks remains a large topic of study, both from a fundamental research perspective, to better understand the development and function of the brain, and from a clinical perspective, for diagnostic purposes for instance. The resting-state networks in a given subject can be observed in fMRI studies where no motor or cognitive tasks are imposed to the subject. The first part of this thesis focused on the development of an automatic identification method of these networks. Performed at the subject level, this method selects all the resting-state networks proper to the subject. Beyond the detection and identification of these networks, the study of interactions between these networks in space and time, and more generally the analysis of the dynamic functional connectivity (DFC), is the subject of growing interest. This analysis requires the development of innovative methods of signal or image processing that, for now, are still exploratory. The second part of this thesis thus presents new approaches to characterize the DFC using the probabilistic framework of multidimensional hidden Markov models. Conversational mechanisms between brain networks can be identified and characterized at the resolution of the second. Two applications, first on a single subject then on a group, helped to highlight the changes of dynamic properties of interaction between networks under certain conditions or diseases
Delicik, Ecem Bilge. "Caractéristiques du réseau de collaboration et les performances des inventeurs. Une approche multidimensionnelle". Thesis, Université Côte d'Azur, 2022. https://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-03927537.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis dissertation presents three essays on inventors' collaboration networks and their inventive performance. The thesis intends to empirically test the relation between the structural characteristics of inventors' collaboration networks and inventors' performance (i.e., rate of inventions, novelty, and reuse of their output), one of most agreed result in the literature. . In doing so, it provides answers to a fundamental question from the innovation and social network literature and brings a new perspective to empirical analyses of network characteristics by disentangling the intensity and the diversity of shared knowledge and their structure. The empirical tests of the three essays rely on panel data of French inventors extracted from the PATSTAT database provided by the European Patent Office are used to examine the within- subject variation over time.The first essay analyses the extent to which individual inventive performance is influenced by the structural and relational characteristics of collaboration networks. The chapter elaborates a theoretical framework that relates four aspects of an inventor's network - the number of collaborators and indirectly connected inventors, the strength of collaborations, and brokered network structure (i.e., disconnections between an inventor's collaborators)- to the inventor's output. The second essay investigates how access to heterogeneous knowledge affects the relationship between the brokerage and the novelty of inventors' output. It distinguishes between structural advantages brought by the brokerage and accompanying opportunities in terms of knowledge and scrutinizes their effects on the level of novelty embedded in inventors' output. The last essay investigates the relationship between the brokerage and the reuse of inventors' output. The objective of this chapter is twofold. First, it aims to identify the influence of brokerage on the reuse of the broker's output by localized network members. Second, it investigates the moderating effect of cognitive proximity on the relationship between brokerage and reuse within the local network setup.Results from the longitudinal studies highlight that there is no simple, universal answer on how to design optimal networks for multiple facets of inventive performance. The thesis demonstrates that indirectly connected collaborators, in general, are found to have no influence on inventors' performance. Only close collaborators (i.e., collaborators located at a maximum of two path length distances from the focal inventor) is positively related to the focal inventor's performance. The analysis shows that the optimal structure of an inventor's collaboration network results from an inventor strongly connected to disconnected sets of collaborators. However, the study further demonstrates the influence of structure on novelty and reuse of generated ideas is contingent upon other features of collaboration networks. To do so, it distinguishes between structural advantages brought by the bridging structure and its accompanying representation of knowledge arbitrage and cognitive proximity. Results suggest that being at the center of a brokered network structure and knowledge specialized clique is positively associated with the diffusion of the inventors' ideas. Pinning down the mechanism explaining how the structure of a collaboration network affects the inventors' performance has important implications. This will inform inventors on how to optimize or adapt their collaborative networks to meet their expectations (i.e., productivity, creativity and influence), as well as help decision-makers design incentive schemes of collaborations that would maximize individual and organizational performance
Daoudi, Mohamed. "Classification interactive multidimensionnelle par les réseaux neuronaux et la morphologie mathématique". Lille 1, 1993. http://www.theses.fr/1993LIL10134.
Pełny tekst źródłaLung-Yut-Fong, Alexandre. "Détection de ruptures pour les signaux multidimensionnels. Application à la détection d'anomalies dans les réseaux". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00675543.
Pełny tekst źródłaLung-Yut-Fong, Alexandre. "Détection robuste de ruptures pour les signaux multidimensionnels : application à la détection d'anomalies dans les réseaux". Paris, Télécom ParisTech, 2011. https://pastel.hal.science/pastel-00675543.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe aim of this work is to propose non-parametric change-point detection methods. The main application of such methods is the use of data recorded by a collection of network sensors to detect malevolent attacks. The first contribution of the thesis work is a decentralized anomaly detector. Each network sensor applies a rank-based change-point detection test, and the final decision is taken by a fusion center which aggregates the information transmitted by the sensors. This method is able to process a huge amount of data, thanks to a clever filtering step. In the second contribution, we take into account the dependencies between the different sensors to improve the detection performance. Based on homogeneity tests that we have proposed to assess the similarity between different sets of data, the robust detection methods that we have designed are able to find one or more change-point in a multidimensional signal. We thus obtained robust and versatile methods, with strong theoretical properties, to solve a large collection of segmentation problems: network anomaly detection, econometrics, DNA analysis for cancer prognosis… The methods that we proposed are particularly adequate when the characteristics of the analyzed data are unknown
Thiebaut, Carole. "Caractérisation multidimensionnelle des images astronomiques : application aux images TAROT". Toulouse, INPT, 2003. http://www.theses.fr/2003INPT022H.
Pełny tekst źródłaLiu, Quan. "Modélisation bayésienne des interactions multidimensionnelles dans un système complexe : application à la gestion des risques de crues". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018INPT0038/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe work addresses the modelling and analysis of complex systems, characterized, in an uncertain and evolving framework, by numerous interactions between components. Within a risk management framework, the work aims to create a spatio-temporal causal model for the explanation and probability of certain feared events for diagnostic and prognostic purposes. The modelling work is based on the Bayesian approach and, more specifically, on the Bayesian Networks (BN). In an attempt to consider large-scale systems and represent their spatio-temporal complexity, their multi-scale and uncertain character in a dynamic framework, the idea of this work is then to extend the concept of Dynamic Bayesian Networks (DBN) and use the Object Oriented paradigm to apply it to Bayesian networks. In their current form, object-oriented Bayesian networks can create reusable but not instantiable instances. In other words, this implies that the generated object is likely to be called several times in the construction of a model, but without these parameters (marginal or conditional probabilities tables) being modified. This thesis aims to fill this gap by proposing a structured approach to construct large object-based systems (characterized by simple Bayesian networks) whose parameters can be updated according to the moment or context of their call and use. This concept is embodied in the form of Bayesian Multidimensional Networks by their propensity to combine several dimensions, whether spatial or temporal
Possemato, Andrea. "A Multidimensional Analysis of The Android Security Ecosystem". Electronic Thesis or Diss., Sorbonne université, 2021. https://accesdistant.sorbonne-universite.fr/login?url=https://theses-intra.sorbonne-universite.fr/2021SORUS455.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaWith more than 2.5 billion active devices based on Android, Google's mobile operating system is now one of the most widely used in the world.Despite all the efforts made by Google to constantly improve the security of the entire Android ecosystem, there are still several problems that remain unresolved. In this thesis, we analyse in detail some of the open problems that affect different components and players that are part of and contribute to the Android ecosystem. We start with the security analysis of the network communication of Android applications, showing how, even if Android provides several techniques to secure network communications, developers sometimes are still forced to use cleartext protocols. Our study continues with the analysis of another issue that puts the security and privacy of the user at risk. We analyze the vulnerabilities exploited by malicious applications to perform phishing attacks and how there is still no system in place to allow applications to protect themselves against these attacks. Last, we analyze what we think may be the perfect representation of how difficult it is to ensure security in a domain as extensive as Android analyzing how customizations, even though beneficial to vendors, can lead to security problems that are lowering down the overall security of the Android system. In this thesis, for each of the problems, we analyze the issue in detail, we measure how widespread it is, and we propose an alternative solution with the aim of solving the problem, making a step towards a more secure Android ecosystem
El, Haddadi Anass. "Fouille multidimensionnelle sur les données textuelles visant à extraire les réseaux sociaux et sémantiques pour leur exploitation via la téléphonie mobile". Toulouse 3, 2011. http://thesesups.ups-tlse.fr/1378/.
Pełny tekst źródłaCompetition is a fundamental concept of the liberal economy tradition that requires companies to resort to Competitive Intelligence (CI) in order to be advantageously positioned on the market, or simply to survive. Nevertheless, it is well known that it is not the strongest of the organizations that survives, nor the most intelligent, but rather, the one most adaptable to change, the dominant factor in society today. Therefore, companies are required to remain constantly on a wakeful state to watch for any change in order to make appropriate solutions in real time. However, for a successful vigil, we should not be satisfied merely to monitor the opportunities, but before all, to anticipate risks. The external risk factors have never been so many: extremely dynamic and unpredictable markets, new entrants, mergers and acquisitions, sharp price reduction, rapid changes in consumption patterns and values, fragility of brands and their reputation. To face all these challenges, our research consists in proposing a Competitive Intelligence System (CIS) designed to provide online services. Through descriptive and statistics exploratory methods of data, Xplor EveryWhere display, in a very short time, new strategic knowledge such as: the profile of the actors, their reputation, their relationships, their sites of action, their mobility, emerging issues and concepts, terminology, promising fields etc. The need for security in XPlor EveryWhere arises out of the strategic nature of information conveyed with quite a substantial value. Such security should not be considered as an additional option that a CIS can provide just in order to be distinguished from one another. Especially as the leak of this information is not the result of inherent weaknesses in corporate computer systems, but above all it is an organizational issue. With Xplor EveryWhere we completed the reporting service, especially the aspect of mobility. Lastly with this system, it's possible to: View updated information as we have access to our strategic database server in real-time, itself fed daily by watchmen. They can enter information at trade shows, customer visits or after meetings
Azzouz, Mahdi. "Évaluation de la réussite des intranets : application d'un modèle contextuel d'évaluation multidimensionnelle au sein d'un établissement bancaire français : étude orientée "utilisateur final"". Amiens, 2012. http://www.theses.fr/2012AMIE0050.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis doctoral work addresses the problem of evaluating the success of intranets in organizations with an end user-oriented approach and explicitly placed within the context of development and use of the System studied. It aims, first, to apply a contextual and multidimensional évaluation model within a French bank; and, second, to identify the management practices favouring / hindering individual creativity through the intranet. Our research is founded on a plurality of research techniques, including documents anaiysis, point and passive observation, the thematic anaiysis of interviews and statistical anaiysis of responses to our questionnaire. The results obtained allow verifying empirically the complementarity between the three modalities of évaluation: there is a chain of significant influences ranging from satisfaction to the acceptance and perceived impacts, but also from acceptance to the impacts. Furthermore, the results allow highlighting the contextual variables, levers that influence beliefs, attitudes and behaviours of Intranet users. We conclude that there are two managerial visions built around the use of the intranet and cohabiting within the bank: the rationalisation of the processes and the stimulation of individual creativity
Fellahi, Mohammed. "Des réseaux de processus cyclo-statiques à la génération de code pour le pipeline multi-dimensionnel". Phd thesis, Université Paris Sud - Paris XI, 2011. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00683224.
Pełny tekst źródłaMerhej, Dany. "Intégration de connaissances a priori dans la reconstruction des signaux parcimonieux : Cas particulier de la spectroscopie RMN multidimensionnelle". Phd thesis, INSA de Lyon, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00782465.
Pełny tekst źródłaCrouzat, Emilie. "Etude des compromis et synergies entre services écosystémiques et biodiversité : Une approche multidimensionnelle de leurs interactions dans le socioécosystème des Alpes Française". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2015. http://www.theses.fr/2015GRENV002/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the context of global climate change and local land use changes, the future of the French Alps cultural landscapes, shaped through long-lasting and mutual interactions between human and their environment, appears uncertain. Simultaneously, the ecosystems constituting alpine landscapes host a rich biodiversity and provide the many natural resources and ecological functions that benefit to human societies. These resources and functions are conceptualised as “ecosystem services” and currently attract an increasing attention for the management and the conservation of environmental resources, along with biodiversity. Identifying the variables linked to their maintenance, in ecological, socio-cultural and political terms, is a necessary step of their sustainable management, and yet is still under-explored. My PhD project aimed at increasing the understanding of positive (synergies) and negative (trade-offs) interactions among ecosystem services and biodiversity through a multi-dimensional approach of the French Alps social-ecological system. - In Chapter I, I present a quantitative and spatially explicit biophysical assessment of ecosystem multifunctionality. After a modelling step, we explored spatial patterns of trade-offs and synergies among ecosystem services and biodiversity using a series of statistical analyses of increasing complexity. Results were structured to provide insights for sound environmental governance at multiple scales. We identified various bundles of ecosystem services representative of the different conditions across the French Alps massif in terms of biogeography, management and landscape heterogeneity. - This approach is complemented in Chapter II by a qualitative representation of influence relationships among ecosystem services and biodiversity that also accounts for additional ecological and social variables. We explicitly considered the multiple dimensions encompassed by the ecosystem service concept (their ‘facets') and proposed an innovative conceptual framework to represent their influence networks. This framework was applied to analyse a consultative process that we carried out with stakeholders of regional expertise. This analysis highlighted their general perception of important influence relationships in the alpine social ecological system. - In order to better understand social regulations linked to environmental governance, we test in Chapter III a methodology for assessing the environmental effectiveness of policy instruments. We concentrated on a restricted set of instruments regulating the interactions between biodiversity, agriculture and outdoor tourism. The consideration of multiple indicators assessing the performance and the fit with the socio-cultural and governance setting highlighted the complex articulation of instruments within the broader policy mix. Results were synthesised in a policy brief targeting regional decision-makers. - Chapter IV is conceived as my personal exploration of the conceptual and ethical issues linked to research on ecosystem services. Following some general thinking on the relations between environmental sciences and society, I conducted a personal reflexive assessment of the research projects I contributed to. To conclude, I propose a synthetic vision of the alpine social-ecological system and discuss the major issues revealed throughout the analyses
Han, Dong. "Caractérisation des objets enfouis par les méthodes de traitement d'antenne". Thesis, Aix-Marseille 3, 2011. http://www.theses.fr/2011AIX30003/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis is devoted to the study of the localization of objects buried in underwater acoustic using array processing methods and acoustic waves. We have proposed a appropriate model, taking into account the water/sediment interface. The propagation modeling thus combines the reflected wave and the refracted wave to determine a new directional vector. The directional vector developed by acoustic scattering model is used in the MUSIC method instead of the classical plane wave model. This approach can estimate both of the object coordinates (angle and distance sensor-object) of known form, in near field or far field. We propose some fast algorithms without eigendecompostion. We combine DIRECT algorithm with spline interpolation to cope with the distorted antennas of many sensors, while maintaining a low computation time. To decorrelate the received signals, we firstly use a bilinear operator. We propose a method for the case of independent groups of correlated signals using the cumulants. Then we present a method using the cumulants matrix to eliminate Gaussian noise. But in practice, the noise is not always Gaussian or the characteristics are not always known. We develope two iterative methods to estimate the interspectral matrix of noise. The first algorithm is based on an optimization technique to extract iteratively the interspectral matrix of noise. The second algorithm uses the technique of maximum likelihood to estimate the signal parameters and the noise. Finally we test the proposed algorithms with experimental data. The results quality is very good
Bergier, Jean-Yves. "Analyse et modélisation du processus de propagation des effets des actions militaires d'influence au sein d'une population cible : approche par la culture et les réseaux sociaux". Thesis, Aix-Marseille, 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018AIXM0752/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe study, analysis and understanding of armed violence phenomenons in developing countries and of the effects of international military interventions aimed at resolving them is a crucial contemporary issue. These situations coincidentally present, considering the plethora and complexity of the implicated and intertwined social processes, a challenge for social computing, modeling and simulation. A challenge but also an opportunity, as the evolution of the forms of conflict, today centered on the local populations, has prompted the armies tasked with implementing stabilization missions to develop influence actions. Such operations, overall concerned with persuading the locals of the legitimacy of the operations, allow a more comprehensive approach to conflict resolution, beyond the simple use of force. Modeling some of these specific actions (PSYOPS, CIMIC, and Key Leader Engagement) is a credible project and a contribution to analysis of communication and persuasion processes in social networks by taking into account detailed and specific social and cultural factors. This research thus presents a conceptual model allowing simulation of the effects of these specific actions of influence in a realistic civilian population. We chose an agent-based approach as these lend particularly well with this type of research, allowing us to generate a group of up to 10,000 agents, composed solely of individuals for a detailed cognitive treatment, and structured as a multilayer network for representing complex sociality. Given the nature of such actions and their context of application, such a model also highlights some social mechanisms typical of armed conflict situations
Voillet, Valentin. "Approche intégrative du développement musculaire afin de décrire le processus de maturation en lien avec la survie néonatale". Thesis, Toulouse, INPT, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016INPT0067/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaOver the last decades, some omics data integration studies have been developed to participate in the detailed description of complex traits with socio-economic interests. In this context, the aim of the thesis is to combine different heterogeneous omics data to better describe and understand the last third of gestation in pigs, period influencing the piglet mortality at birth. In the thesis, we better defined the molecular and cellular basis underlying the end of gestation, with a focus on the skeletal muscle. This tissue is specially involved in the efficiency of several physiological functions, such as thermoregulation and motor functions. According to the experimental design, tissues were collected at two days of gestation (90 or 110 days of gestation) from four fetal genotypes. These genotypes consisted in two extreme breeds for mortality at birth (Meishan and Large White) and two reciprocal crosses. Through statistical and computational analyses (descriptive analyses, network inference, clustering and biological data integration), we highlighted some biological mechanisms regulating the maturation process in pigs, but also in other livestock species (cattle and sheep). Some genes and proteins were identified as being highly involved in the muscle energy metabolism. Piglets with a muscular metabolism immaturity would be associated with a higher risk of mortality at birth. A second aspect of the thesis was the imputation of missing individual row values in the multidimensional statistical method framework, such as the multiple factor analysis (MFA). In our context, MFA was particularly interesting in integrating data coming from the same individuals on different tissues (two or more). To avoid missing individual row values, we developed a method, called MI-MFA (multiple imputation - MFA), allowing the estimation of the MFA components for these missing individuals
Lamy, Catherine. "Communications à grande efficacité spectrale sur le canal à évanouissements". Phd thesis, Télécom ParisTech, 2000. http://pastel.archives-ouvertes.fr/pastel-00001484.
Pełny tekst źródłaCamper, Antoine. "Spectroscopie de phase multi-dimensionnelle de l'émission attoseconde moléculaire". Thesis, Paris 11, 2014. http://www.theses.fr/2014PA112024/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaWhen a low-frequency laser pulse is focused to a high intensity into a gas, the electric field of the laser light may become of comparable strength to that felt by the electrons bound in an atom or molecule. A valence electron can then be 'freed' by tunnel ionization, accelerated by the strong oscillating laser field and can eventually recollide and recombine with the ion. The gained kinetic energy is then released as a burst of coherent XUV light which is spectrally organized as harmonics of the fundamental driving field frequency.In high-harmonic molecular spectroscopy, the recombining electron wave-packet probes the structure of the molecule and the dynamics occurring in the ion left after tunnel ionization. The XUV burst is imprinted with this information which can be retrieved through an accurate characterization of the amplitude, phase and polarization of the harmonics. In the case of small molecules as nitrogen and carbon dioxide, impulsive alignment allows to change the direction of recombination of the electron wave-packet with respect to the molecular axis. The XUV burst from the molecular sample should then be characterized both along the spectral dimension and the alignment angle one, and this for the two polarization components. In this report, we present a new experimental scheme to perform two-source interferometry to measure the phase of the emission in aligned molecules along the alignment angle dimension. We how a refined spatio-spectral analysis of the fringe patterns obtained with this very stable interferometer allows one to extend high-harmonic spectroscopy from short to long trajectories. We then show how the combination of this setup together with RABBIT gives access to a bidimensionnal (spectrum and alignment angle) phase map with no arbitrary constant. Finally comparing two-source interferometry with transient grating spectroscopy leads to inconsistent results that can be interpreted taking into consideration polarization effects
Brenet, Sophie. "Développement et optimisations d'un nez électronique basé sur l'imagerie de résonance de plasmons de surface". Thesis, Université Grenoble Alpes (ComUE), 2018. http://www.theses.fr/2018GREAY089.
Pełny tekst źródłaElectronic noses are promising candidates for low-cost field monitoring of volatile organic compounds (VOCs). However, these techniques are still challenged with limitations. The use of a limited number of receptors prevents selective VOCs differentiation. A lack of reliability caused by pollution of receptors hinders their use for many applications. In this context, an electronic nose based on surface plasmon resonance imaging (SPRI) is developed for the detection of VOCs in the gas phase. This system consists of a broad array of receptors obtained by the self-assembly of organic molecules and peptides. SPRI optical transduction provides multiplexed monitoring of a large number of interactions in real time. The objective is to ensure the best possible chemical resolution to reliably differentiate VOCs. To this end, different strategies are explored to improve the sensitivity, selectivity and stability of the measurements. Thanks to these optimizations, our system offers a high selectivity for a large number of VOCs. VOCs are differentiated according to their chemical nature and structure. A good repeatability and a stability of at least two months are obtained. Preliminary tests show that our instrument is also effective for the analysis of more complex samples
Hobeika, Janine. "Les bénéfices relationnels attendus expliqués par le stéréotype du personnel en contact, l'attitude du client, ses valeurs et les incidents critiques : une application à la gestion de patrimoine et à la banque de réseau". Thesis, Paris Sciences et Lettres (ComUE), 2017. http://www.theses.fr/2017PSLED041/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe success of relationship marketing depends on individual preferences, knowing that clients are not all equally receptive to relational approaches. It appears necessary for this purpose to improve knowledge about client’s expected relational benefits. Within a sequential mixed design, non-directive interviews conducted with wealth management clients, then with retail bank clients, show and confirm the existence of three distinct types of relational profiles : transactional, psychological relational and socio-valuable relational. A matrix combining the money attitude and the banker stereotype reveals desirable vs undesirable hybrid profiles. The quantitative study creates a scale to measure the banker stereotype, enriches the money attitude scale with the taboo dimension, and produces a scale for the expected relational benefits. The test of hypotheses in a structural equations model shows the role of the banker stereotype, the money attitude, the cultural values and critical incidents, in the formation of expected relational benefits
Millot, Philippe. "Caractérisation de l'anglais comme lingua franca professionnelle à travers une analyse de corpus de courriels échangés en entreprise : une étude de registre". Phd thesis, Université de Grenoble, 2012. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00919362.
Pełny tekst źródłaYassine, Adnan. "Etudes adaptatives et comparatives de certains algorithmes en optimisation : implémentations effectives et applications". Grenoble 1, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00332782.
Pełny tekst źródłaSyed, Muhammad Fahad. "Various resource allocation and optimization strategies for high bit rate communications on power lines". Phd thesis, INSA de Rennes, 2010. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00480261.
Pełny tekst źródłaVaucher, Stéphane. "Modelling software quality : a multidimensional approach". Thèse, 2010. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4641.
Pełny tekst źródłaAs society becomes ever more dependent on computer systems, there is more and more pressure on development teams to produce high-quality software. Many companies therefore rely on quality models, program suites that analyse and evaluate the quality of other programs, but building good quality models is hard as there are many questions concerning quality modelling that have yet to be adequately addressed in the literature. We analysed quality modelling practices in a large organisation and identified three dimensions where research is needed: proper support of the subjective notion of quality, techniques to track the quality of evolving software, and the composition of quality judgments from different abstraction levels. To tackle subjectivity, we propose using Bayesian models as these can deal with uncertain data. We applied our models to the problem of anti-pattern detection. In a study of two open-source systems, we found that our approach was superior to state of the art rule-based techniques. To support software evolution, we consider scores produced by quality models as signals and the use of signal data-mining techniques to identify patterns in the evolution of quality. We studied how anti-patterns are introduced and removed from systems. Software is typically written using a hierarchy of components, yet quality models do not explicitly consider this hierarchy. As the last part of our dissertation, we present two level quality models. These are composed of three parts: a component-level model, a second model to evaluate the importance of each component, and a container-level model to combine the contribution of components with container attributes. This approach was tested on the prediction of class-level changes based on the quality and importance of its components: methods. It was shown to be more useful than single-level, traditional approaches. To finish, we reapplied this two-level methodology to the problem of assessing web site navigability. Our models could successfully distinguish award-winning sites from average sites picked at random. Throughout the dissertation, we present not only theoretical problems and solutions, but we performed experiments to illustrate the pros and cons of our solutions. Our results show that there are considerable improvements to be had in all three proposed dimensions. In particular, our work on quality composition and importance modelling is the first that focuses on this particular problem. We believe that our general two-level models are only a starting point for more in-depth research.
Poirier-Morency, Guillaume. "Modélisation des réseaux de régulation de l’expression des gènes par les microARN". Thesis, 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/1866/25104.
Pełny tekst źródłaMicroRNAs are small non-coding RNAs of approximately 22 nucleotide long involved in the regulation of gene expression. They target complementary regions to the RNA transcripts molecules that these genes encode and adjust the concentration according to the needs of the cell. As microRNAs and their RNA targets binds each other with imperfect complementarity, these two groups actively compete to form regulatory interactions. Consequently, attempting to quantitatively predict their equilibrium concentrations is a task that must take several factors into account, including the affinity for hybridization, the ability to catalyze the target, cooperation, and RNA accessibility. In the model we propose, miRBooking 2.0, each possible interaction between a microRNA and a binding site on a target RNA is characterized by an enzymatic reaction. A reaction of this type operates in two phases: a reversible formation of an enzyme-substrate complex, the microRNA-RNA duplex, and an irreversible conversion of the substrate in an RNA degradation product that restores the enzyme which can subsequently participate to other reactions. We show that the stationary state of this system, which can include up to 10 million equations in practice, has a very shallow Jacobian, allowing its efficient resolution using a sparse linear solver. This solution allows us to characterize precisely the mechanism of regulation and to study the role of microRNAs in a given cellular context. Predictions obtained on a HeLa S3 cell model correlate significantly with a set of experimental data obtained experimentally and can remarkably explain the expression threshold effects of genes. Using this solution as an initial condition and an explicit method of numerical integration, we simulate in real time the response of the system to changes of experimental conditions. We apply this model to target elements involved in the Epithelio-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT), an important mechanism of tumours proliferation. By identifying differentially expressed elements between the two conditions, we design synthetic microRNAs to interfere with the transition. To do so, we propose a method based on a parallel greedy best-first search to efficiently crawl the sequence space of the microRNA and present preliminary results on known EMT markers.
Sow, Aboubakry Moussa. "Classification, réduction de dimensionnalité et réseaux de neurones : données massives et science des données". Thèse, 2020. http://depot-e.uqtr.ca/id/eprint/9600/1/eprint9600.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaYassine, Adnan. "Études adaptatives et comparatives de certains algorithmes en optimisation : implémentations effectives et applications". Phd thesis, 1989. http://tel.archives-ouvertes.fr/tel-00332782.
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