Rozprawy doktorskie na temat „Recycled materials”
Utwórz poprawne odniesienie w stylach APA, MLA, Chicago, Harvard i wielu innych
Sprawdź 50 najlepszych rozpraw doktorskich naukowych na temat „Recycled materials”.
Przycisk „Dodaj do bibliografii” jest dostępny obok każdej pracy w bibliografii. Użyj go – a my automatycznie utworzymy odniesienie bibliograficzne do wybranej pracy w stylu cytowania, którego potrzebujesz: APA, MLA, Harvard, Chicago, Vancouver itp.
Możesz również pobrać pełny tekst publikacji naukowej w formacie „.pdf” i przeczytać adnotację do pracy online, jeśli odpowiednie parametry są dostępne w metadanych.
Przeglądaj rozprawy doktorskie z różnych dziedzin i twórz odpowiednie bibliografie.
Ogwuda, Olisanwendu Ikechukwuka. "Materials science appraisal of recycled construction materials for roadways". Thesis, Abertay University, 2007. https://rke.abertay.ac.uk/en/studentTheses/70d295b3-60d9-427e-a012-c9cc05ac83e1.
Pełny tekst źródłaRad, Taghi. "Microstructural characteristics of recycled cementitious materials". Thesis, University of Hertfordshire, 2000. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.340038.
Pełny tekst źródłaRogetzer, Patricia, Lena Silbermayr i Werner Jammernegg. "Sustainable sourcing of strategic raw materials by integrating recycled materials". Springer Nature, 2018. http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10696-017-9288-4.
Pełny tekst źródłaLidelöw, Sofia. "Environmental assessment of construction with recycled materials". Doctoral thesis, Luleå, 2008. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:ltu:diva-26269.
Pełny tekst źródłaAnvändningen av industriella restprodukter som konstruktionsmaterial inom anläggningsbyggande väcker frågan om möjlig utlakning och spridning av förorenande ämnen från materialen till omgivande miljö. Materialens lakningspotential bestäms vanligen genom lakförsök utförda under kontrollerade förhållanden i laboratorium. Lakningsprocesser i fält sker dock över större rums- och tidskalor och är mer komplexa på grund av variationer i miljön som materialen exponeras för. Uppskattningar av materialens möjliga miljöpåverkan baserade på laboratorietester kan därför vara felaktiga. Den här avhandlingen handlar om den miljömässiga betydelsen av att använda återvunna material som konstruktionsmaterial i vägar och deponisluttäckningar. Fokus är i huvudsak på utlakningen av oorganiska ämnen från sex typer av material: förbränningsaskor, kopparslagg, hyttsten, återvunnen betong, naturligt berg och förorenad jord. Utlakningen från dessa material undersöktes med hjälp av både skakförsök i laboratorium och kontrollprogram där vatten som perkolerade materialen i fältapplikationer (sk. lakvatten) provtogs under ett till tio år. Lakvattendata utvärderades med hjälp av statistisk och geokemisk modellering. Dessutom granskades olika bedömningsmetoder och kriterier som kan användas för att bedöma den miljömässiga lämpligheten av att använda återvunna istället för naturliga material i anläggningskonstruktioner. Lakvatten från återvunna material i de undersökta konstruktionerna innehöll högre koncentrationer av flera ämnen än naturliga vatten och lakvatten från naturliga material. Dock var hastigheten och omfattningen av utlakningen beroende av hur materialet användes, vilket har undersökts och diskuteras i avhandlingen. Resultaten från förenklade skakförsök överensstämde inte alltid med observationerna i fält, vilket understryker vikten av att utveckla bedömningsmetoder där fallspecifika faktorer kan tas i beaktande. Miljöpåverkan orsakad av lakning måste också ses i relation till den påverkan som kan uppstå om restprodukterna istället deponeras och naturliga material exploateras. Kombinationer av fallspecifika och systemövergripande analyser skulle därför vara det ideala sättet att utvärdera både lokala och regionala effekter av en möjlig användning av återvunna material.
Godkänd; 2008; 20081003 (ysko)
Carreon, Delfin G. "Stabilization of marginal soils using recycled materials". [Tampa, Fla] : University of South Florida, 2006. http://purl.fcla.edu/usf/dc/et/SFE0001700.
Pełny tekst źródłaLacalle, Jiménez Helena Isabel. "Airfield pavement design with cold recycled materials". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2017. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/44286/.
Pełny tekst źródłaVu, Quoc Hung. "Modelling pollutants leaching from recycled construction materials". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2019. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/130795/1/Quoc%20Hung_Vu_Thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaPalmquist, Shane M. "Compressive behavior of concrete with recycled aggregates /". Thesis, Connect to Dissertations & Theses @ Tufts University, 2003.
Znajdź pełny tekst źródłaAdviser: Daniel C. Jansen. Submitted to the Dept. of Civil Engineering. Includes bibliographical references (leaves 146-152). Access restricted to members of the Tufts University community. Also available via the World Wide Web;
Krezel, Zbigniew Adam, i n/a. "Recycled aggregate concrete acoustic barrier". Swinburne University of Technology, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au./public/adt-VSWT20060821.154340.
Pełny tekst źródłaKrezel, Zbigniew Adam. "Recycled aggregate concrete acoustic barrier". Australasian Digital Theses Program, 2006. http://adt.lib.swin.edu.au/public/adt-VSWT20060821.154340.
Pełny tekst źródłaSubmitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Civil Engineering, Swinburne University of Technology - 2006. Typescript. Includes bibliographical references.
Fung, Wing-kun. "The use of recycled concrete in construction". Click to view the E-thesis via HKUTO, 2005. http://sunzi.lib.hku.hk/hkuto/record/B30517643.
Pełny tekst źródłaMcDonald, Rory Morgan. "Recycled Materials Relational Database: Design and Implementation Aspects". [Tampa, Fla.] : University of South Florida, 2004. http://purl.fcla.edu/fcla/etd/SFE0000388.
Pełny tekst źródłaYounis, Khaleel Hassan. "Restrained shrinkage behaviour of concrete with recycled materials". Thesis, University of Sheffield, 2014. http://etheses.whiterose.ac.uk/5966/.
Pełny tekst źródłaEspert, Ana. "Natural fibres/polypropylene composites from residual and recycled materials". Licentiate thesis, KTH, Fibre and Polymer Technology, 2003. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-1667.
Pełny tekst źródłaNatural fibres fulfil all the requirements in order toreplace inorganic fillers in thermoplastic composites. Naturalfibres are inexpensive, renewable, biodegradable, present lowerdensity and their mechanical properties can be compared tothose of inorganic fillers. However, several disadvantagesappear when natural fibres are used for composites. First ofall, the poor compatibility between the hydrophilic fibres withthe hydrophobic thermoplastic matrix leads to a weak interface,which results in poor mechanical properties. On the other hand,the hydrophilic nature of the fibres makes them very sensitivetowards water absorption, which leads also to the loss ofproperties and the swelling and dimensional instability.
In order to enhance the compatibility fibre-matrix, thefibres were chemically surface modified by five differentmethods: a) graft copolymerisation withpolypropylene-graftedmaleic anhydride copolymer (PPgMA), b)modification by PPgMA during processing, c) modification byorganosilanes, d) acetylation, e) modification with peroxideoligomers. Modified fibres led to improved mechanicalproperties and thermal behaviour when used in composites withpost-industrial polypropylene (PP) containing ethylene vinylacetate copolymer (EVA). Modification with peroxide oligomersshowed very promising results, but modification with PPgMA waschosen for further preparation of composites due to itssimplicity.
Two sets of composites were prepared using two differentpolypropylene types as matrix: virgin polypropylene (PP) andthe above mentioned post-industrial polypropylene (PP/EVA).Four different types of cellulosic fibres were used as fillers:cellulose fibres from pulping, sisal fibres, coir fibres andLuffa sponge fibres. The mechanical properties of thecomposites were dependent mostly on the fibre loading andslightly on the type of fibre. The fibers changed thecharacteristics of the material leading a higher stiffness buta lower toughness.
Water absorption of composites was studied at threedifferent temperatures: 23°C, 50°C and 70°C. Thewater absorption kinetics were studied and it was found thatwater is absorbed in composites following the kineticsdescribed by the Fickian diffusion theory. After absorption, animportant loss of properties was observed, due to thedestruction of the fibre structure due to the waterabsorbed.
Karabulut, Metin. "Production And Characterization Of Nanocomposite Materials From Recycled Thermoplastics". Master's thesis, METU, 2003. http://etd.lib.metu.edu.tr/upload/1255728/index.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródła10%) of nanometer-sized clay particles. The particles, due to their extremely high aspect ratios (about 100-15000), and high surface area (in excess of 750-800 m2/g) promise to improve structural, mechanical, flame retardant, thermal and barrier properties without substantially increasing the density or reducing the light transmission properties of the base polymer. Production of thermoplastic based nanocomposites involves melt mixing the base polymer and layered silicate powders that have been modified with hydroxyl terminated quaternary ammonium salt. During mixing, polymer chains diffuse from the bulk polymer into the van der Waals galleries between the silicate layers. In this study, new nanocomposite materials were produced from the components of recycled thermoplastic as the matrix and montmorillonite as the filler by using a co-rotating twin screw extruder. During the study, recycled poly(ethylene terepthalate), R-PET, was mixed with organically modified quaternary alkylammonium montmorillonite in the contents of 1, 2, and 5 weight %. Three types of clays were evaluated during the studies. For comparison, 2 weight % clay containing samples were prepared with three different clay types, Cloisite 15A, 25A, 30B. The nanocomposites were prepared at three different screw speeds, 150, 350, 500 rpm, in order to observe the property changes with the screw speed. Mechanical tests, scanning electron microscopy and melt flow index measurements were used to characterize the nanocomposites. The clay type of 25A having long alkyl sidegroups gave the best results in general. Owing to its branched nature, in nanocomposites with 25A mixing characteristics were enhanced leading to better dispersion of clay platelets. This effect was observed in the SEM micrographs as higher degrees of clay exfoliation. Nearly all the mechanical properties were found to increase with the processing speed of 350 rpm. In the studies, it was seen that the highest processing speed of 500 rpm does not give the material performance enhancements due to higher shear intensity which causes defect points in the structure. Also the residence time is smaller at high screw speeds, thus there is not enough time for exfoliation. In general, the MFI values showed minimum, thus the viscosity showed a maximum at the intermediate speed of 350 rpm. At this processing speed, maximum exfoliation took place giving rise to maximum viscosity. Also, the clay type of 25A produced the lowest MFI value at this speed, indicating the highest degree of exfoliation, highest viscosity, and best mechanical properties.
Pournoman, Sara. "Oxidative Aging of Binders with High Recycled Asphalt Materials". Thesis, University of Nevada, Reno, 2017. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=10282654.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe objectives of this research effort focused on the oxidative aging of binders with high recycled asphalt materials. A coordinated program of forced-draft oven aging experiments was conducted on eleven sorts of binder blends including three different types of base binders from TX, NH, and NV, two different types of recycled material (RAP/RAS), and two different types of recycling agents (RA). Implementing the Fourier-Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR) and Dynamic Shear Rheometer (DSR) isothermal frequency sweep tests, the oxidation kinetics and rheological performance were determined for the evaluation materials. Results indicated that the oxidative aging rates were influenced by the aging temperature, duration, base binder type, as well as the utilized asphalt modifier, i.e. recycled materials and RAs. It was also noted that the RAs reduced the overall stiffness in the investigated stages of oxidation. However, differential aging rates and hardening susceptibilities were observed between the RA and RAP/RAS additions to each of the three bases, noting that these differences were not consistent with the type of RAS, i.e. MWAS or TOAS. Additionally, the base binder aging properties due to the addition of the recycled material was highly influenced by the RA dosages within each blend.
Furthermore, the binder blend oxidative aging predictions at binder specific geographical location indicated that using the recycled materials along with the RAs at the optimum dosage, according to the proposed methodology, was able to restore the binder blend properties to the virgin binder.
The influences of the recycled material and RAs on the PG 64-28P base binder were also investigated through the binder PG grading and mortar testing. Consistent directions for the influence of the evaluation materials were observed within both procedures, suggesting the capability of the mortar procedure in characterizing the effects of RAP and RA materials on virgin binder without the use of chemical extraction.
The Uniaxial Thermal Stress and Strain Test (UTSST) was also conducted on the PMFC and RPMLC specimens of the NV field project to investigate the influence of the high recycled material and RAs on the asphalt mixtures. Through consideration of the thermo-viscoelastic properties, marked differences in the binder oxidation were noted between the experimental factors. Typically, decreases in the viscous response of the mixtures as well as increases in both the stiffness and brittle behavior were observed with aging and also inclusion of the recycled material. Although the addition of the RAs to the recycled mixtures indicated some extent of properties restoration, crack initiation and fracture were observed to occur in significantly warmer temperatures compared to the virgin mixture.
Singh, Pralendra. "RESILIENT MODULUS OF RECYCLED AGGREGATES AS ROAD PAVEMENT MATERIALS". OpenSIUC, 2015. https://opensiuc.lib.siu.edu/theses/1624.
Pełny tekst źródłaFung, Wing-kun, i 馮永根. "The use of recycled concrete in construction". Thesis, The University of Hong Kong (Pokfulam, Hong Kong), 2005. http://hub.hku.hk/bib/B30517643.
Pełny tekst źródłaSulaiman, Salim J. "Fracture and crack growth in recycled mixes". Thesis, University of Dundee, 1990. http://ethos.bl.uk/OrderDetails.do?uin=uk.bl.ethos.320522.
Pełny tekst źródłaBolden, Johnny J. IV. "Innovative uses of Recycled and Waste Materials in Construction Application". Thesis, North Carolina Agricultural and Technical State University, 2013. http://pqdtopen.proquest.com/#viewpdf?dispub=1545862.
Pełny tekst źródłaMore production equals more waste, more waste creates environmental concerns of toxic threat. An economical viable solution to this problem should include utilization of waste materials for new products and one that minimizes the heavy burden on the nation's landfills. The importance of recycling is huge because it saves natural resources, saves energy, reduces solid waste, reduces air and water pollutants, and reduces greenhouse gases. The construction industry can start being aware of and take advantage of the benefits of using waste and recycled materials. Studies have investigated the use of acceptable waste, recycled, and reusable materials and methods. The use of swine manure, animal fat, silica fume, roofing shingles, empty palm fruit bunch, citrus peels, cement kiln dust, fly ash, foundry sand, slag, glass, plastic, carpet, tire scraps, asphalt pavement, and concrete aggregate in construction is becoming increasingly popular due to the shortage and increasing cost of raw materials. In this study a survey was conducted to find out the current practices of the uses of waste and recycled materials in the construction industry. The results proved that companies are not aware of what's available to use or the quality of the materials performance or the cost savings or any other benefits including environmental. Based from the results of the survey the following research was conducted to create better documentation for Green Building, connecting researches and contractors with an overview of what recycled materials are available for different construction applications.
Sotayo, Adeayo. "Development and characterisation of novel structural composites from recycled materials". Thesis, Lancaster University, 2016. http://eprints.lancs.ac.uk/86062/.
Pełny tekst źródłaOkeyinka, Oriyomi M. "The applicability of recycled waste paper as lightweight building materials". Thesis, University of Wolverhampton, 2016. http://hdl.handle.net/2436/620495.
Pełny tekst źródłaCetin, Bora. "Stabilization of recycled base materials with high carbon fly ash". College Park, Md.: University of Maryland, 2009. http://hdl.handle.net/1903/9573.
Pełny tekst źródłaThesis research directed by: Dept. of Civil and Environmental Engineering . Title from t.p. of PDF. Includes bibliographical references. Published by UMI Dissertation Services, Ann Arbor, Mich. Also available in paper.
Gao, Ya. "Investigation of cracking resistance of recycled Superpave mixtures". Thesis, Kansas State University, 2017. http://hdl.handle.net/2097/38175.
Pełny tekst źródłaDepartment of Civil Engineering
Mustaque A. Hossain
The use of economical and environmentally friendly recycled asphalt materials has become increasingly popular for asphalt pavement construction. Although reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) and recycled asphalt shingles (RAS) are typically used in hot-mix asphalt, increasing the amount of RAP and RAS materials increases the potential for premature pavement distresses, especially cracking. This research evaluated four recycled Superpave mixtures with different RAP and RAS contents from Kansas Department of Transportation projects. Two of the mixtures contained 10% RAP and 5% RAS, while the other two mixtures contained 25% RAP but no RAS. Illinois semicircular bending and Florida indirect tension tests were performed to assess mixture cracking and fracture properties. Results showed that mixtures containing 10% RAP and 5% RAS have relatively low fracture energy, creep compliance, energy ratio, and flexibility index but high resilient modulus. These results indicate that mixtures containing 10% RAP and 5% RAS are stiffer, more prone to cracking, and tend to absorb less fracture energy. Mixtures with 25% RAP and no RAS showed the opposite behavior.
Huang, Yue. "Life cycle assessment of use of recycled materials in asphalt pavements". Thesis, University of Newcastle Upon Tyne, 2007. http://hdl.handle.net/10443/1729.
Pełny tekst źródłaAdhikary, Kamal Babu. "Development of Wood Flour-Recycled Polymer Composite Panels As Building Materials". Thesis, University of Canterbury. Chemical and Process Engineering, 2008. http://hdl.handle.net/10092/1795.
Pełny tekst źródłaCunha, Érica Cristina. "Placas recicladas de embalagens longa vida: caracterização, design e propostas projetuais". Universidade de São Paulo, 2011. http://www.teses.usp.br/teses/disponiveis/18/18141/tde-08052012-093150/.
Pełny tekst źródłaThis thesis presents the study of plates from recycled cartoon packaging. They are composed mainly of low density polyethylene, aluminum and paper waste. Although the plates are treated as recycled and sustainable, applied in building with positive results, there are few published data to show their general characterization. Other problems were identified: need for improvement of production technology, difficulty in accepting some design aesthetics and few design incorporated to the products and the resulting objects. Despite the problems, the observation of the growing use of these plates resulted in the design of the hypothesis of this research: the plates can be more efficient and attractive to specification if used with design incorporated into the architectural components. Based on this, the work seeks two essential goals: a profile of technical characterization and design-related material, and from this repertoire, present proposals about design alternatives for use in architecture. To this end, were studied the concepts of materiality, in technical, aesthetics and cultural approaches and the recycling and production of plates, besides the thermal tests of thermal conductivity and specific heat, absorptance, accelerated aging and UV camera and additional test of glass transition. The aesthetic characterizations generated systematic data on texture, size, thickness and compositional studies with other materials. Finally, were created three project proposals as indicative of new possibilities to use the plates. Through this study it can be concluded that the polyethylene-aluminum plates can be used in various architectural surfaces, as long as they are carefully incorporated into the systems, maintaining the quality the quality of production, design and finish.
Kozlesky, Joel Aden. "Investigation of the Seismic Capacity of a School Built with Recycled Materials". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2012. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1325863280.
Pełny tekst źródłaBlankenagel, Brandon J. "Characterization of Recycled Concrete for use as Pavement Base Material". Diss., CLICK HERE for online access, 2005. http://contentdm.lib.byu.edu/ETD/image/etd1001.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaNounezi, Thomas. "Light Weight and High Strength Materials Made of Recycled Steel and Aluminum". Thèse, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2012. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/20523.
Pełny tekst źródłaHayles, Meika. "Investigation Into the Mechanical Properties and Structural Behaviour of Recycled Concrete Members". Thesis, Université d'Ottawa / University of Ottawa, 2018. http://hdl.handle.net/10393/37801.
Pełny tekst źródłaVoth, Christopher Ray. "Lightweight sandwich panels using small-diameter timber wood-strands and recycled newsprint cores". Pullman, Wash. : Washington State University, 2009. http://www.dissertations.wsu.edu/Thesis/Fall2009/c_voth_120609.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaTitle from PDF title page (viewed on Jan. 26, 2010). "Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering." Includes bibliographical references.
Williamson, Gregory Scott. "Investigation of Testing Methods to Determine Long-Term Durability of Wisconsin Aggregate Resources Including Natural Materials, Industrial By-Products, and Recycled/Reclaimed Materials". Thesis, Virginia Tech, 2005. http://hdl.handle.net/10919/31822.
Pełny tekst źródłaMaster of Science
Traut, Michelle. "Recycled building materials : the likely impact on affordable housing in the Western Cape". Thesis, Peninsula Technikon, 2001. http://hdl.handle.net/20.500.11838/1057.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe construction industry globally, contributes between 18% and 24% of the GDP, and because of its labour intensive characteristics, contributes handsomely to total employment, forming important backward and forward linkages with the rest of the economy. Nevertheless, the extent and sophistication of these linkages crucially depend on the relative development of the construction industry relative to the overall economy. In the developing countries, these linkages are not very strong because of the use of informal materials, which is not commercialised and whose opportunity costs are often zero, and the huge imports of construction materials used in the modem sector of the economy. However, whether in the developed or developing economies, the construction industry is a major contributor to economic growth and development by providing the necessary infrastructure that facilitates production, consumption and recreational activities. In fulfilling these activities, the construction industry generates huge wastes of which only a tiny proportion are recycled and reused. However, in economies and countries where adequate and functional housing is a problem mainly due to lack of affordability, recycling and reuse of construction waste is a necessary prerequisite to enhancing housing affordability in these countries. This is the current situation that South Africa finds itself "''here because of its past history of 'apartheid', economic opportunities and amenities were denied to the blacks. There is nowhere that this deprivation is more pronounced than in the built environment sector where housing shortages and general disamenities prevail. High levels of unemployment further exacerbate the situation, - - which is a consequence of low skills and high illiteracy-rates. Thus, housing demand and supply by this group of the population are most likely, on the evidence available, to fall predominantly within the low-income housing category. Presently, all households falling into this category rely on financial assistance from the government to facilitate low-cost housing consumption because of pervasive poverty, which itself is due to the very high unemployment rate, illiteracy, lack of skills and general deprivation: a legacy of 'apartheid' policies enforced by previous government. The dilemma however is how to meet the huge housing demand within the limited resources available to the government on the one hand, and on the other, to satisfy such demand without compromising the environmental sustainability of the physical environment. Thus, the thesis aims to determine ways in which the construction industry could contribute to the sustainability of the carrying capacity of the biophysical environment and enhance social sustainability by facilitating affordability through the possible reductions to construction costs through recycling and reuse. By means of questionnaires and detailed interviews, underscored by a qualitative research approach, the potential of construction recycling and the possible contributions to environmental sustainability and housing affordability are determined. At completion, it is expected that this work will not only contribute to existing knowledge but would be of significance in terms of policy formulation to construction industry practitioners, central and local government policy makers, and other governmental and non-governmental organisations operating in the area of housing.
Obaid, Arkan Khudhayer. "A Comprehensive Study towards Increasing the Use of Recycled Materials in Asphalt Pavements". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1570016926258889.
Pełny tekst źródłaMahasaranon, Sararat. "Acoustic and thermal properties of recycled porous media". Thesis, University of Bradford, 2011. http://hdl.handle.net/10454/5516.
Pełny tekst źródłaLynch, Alan Gerald. "Trends in back-calculated stiffness of in-situ recycled and stabilised road pavement materials". Thesis, Stellenbosch : Stellenbosch University, 2013. http://hdl.handle.net/10019.1/85857.
Pełny tekst źródłaENGLISH ABSTRACT: Two common methods of road pavement, granular material stabilisation used in road construction throughout South Africa today include Cold in Place Recycling (CIPR) and stabilisation with cement or bitumen and an active filler to create Bitumen Stabilised Materials (BSM). As part of the updating of the South African Pavement Design Method (SAPDM) an experimental section, investigating the structural capacity of cement and lime stabilised and BSM pavement layers, was constructed and will be monitored over a two year period. As part of this study Falling Weight Deflectometer (FWD) measurements were taken on the various experimental stabilised pavement layers constructed. The FWD deflection data, measured at various time intervals over a 360 day period, forms the basis of the study presented here. The objective of this thesis was to identify typical back-calculated layer stiffnesses and their variability over time for the various in-situ recycled and stabilised base layers constructed within the experimental section. Stabiliser type, content and layer thicknesses were varied across experimental sub-sections. Trends in back-calculated stiffness of cement stabilised base layers consistently showed significant reductions in layer stiffness subsequent to construction traffic loading. Subsequent to the initial reduction in stiffness little change in stiffness was noted under normal traffic loads. Observations on the trends in back-calculated stabilised layer stiffness per material type over time indicated that seasonal moisture and temperature fluctuations have an effect on the stiffness of the pavement structure as a whole. BSM materials showed significant variability over time in-line with seasonal variability in the supporting subgrade stiffness in the southbound lane. BSM materials with 1% cement added in the northbound lane show initial stiffness reductions due to direct rainfall application however a significant increase in layer stiffness occurs up to 360 days after construction. BSMs with 2% cement in the northbound lane show significant increases in layer stiffness over the 360 day observation period. No significant difference in stiffness trend was observed between BSM emulsion a BSM foam materials. The BSM emulsion with 0.9% residual bitumen and 1% cement was observed to show rapid reduction in stiffness upon opening to traffic and reverting to stiffness values similar to an unbound material of approximately 350 MPa. Cement and lime stabilised materials showed typical post 28 –day average stiffnesses per sub-section ranging between 600 MPa and 1800 MPa. BSM foam with 1% cement added were observed to have average stiffnesses per sub-section in the range of 400MPa to 2200 MPa and BSM emulsion with 1% cement with stiffnesses between 400 MPa to 1700 MPa over the 360 day period. BSMs with 2% cement added showed stiffness ranges between 900 MPa to 4300 MPa for BSM foam and 900 MPa to 3900 MPa for BSM emulsions over the 360 day period. The spatial variability of back-calculated stiffness per sub-section of a particular stabilisation design was significant and was observed, through the Co-efficient of Variation (COV), to increase over time. The effect of the observed variability when incorporated into a pavement design scenario, requiring a design reliability of 90%, showed 50% of the pavement structure would be overdesigned by a factor of 4. With respect to the current philosophies on the development of stiffness over time of cement and lime stabilised and BSM pavement layers some useful observations were made. Cement stabilised materials correlate well with stiffness development theories predicted by previous studies. Theories relating to the stiffness development of BSMs however did not predict the levels of variability in base layer stiffness observed on the experimental section. The continued observation of the experimental section for another year will give greater insight to the stiffness trends of the stabilised materials discussed above.
Fahd, Faisal. "Risk Assessment Approach for Evaluating Recycled Materials Use in Road Construction: A Pilot Study". University of Toledo / OhioLINK, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=toledo1230027556.
Pełny tekst źródłaCabrera, Alvino Géraldine. "Eco-design and processing of recycled multilayer/multiphase polymer materials : Structure-properties-process relationship". Thesis, Lyon, 2020. http://www.theses.fr/2020LYSEI076.
Pełny tekst źródłaIn the context of a circular economy, the first works of the thesis were devoted to the study of the processing ability of recycled flexible films from agricultural bale wrapping film's waste. These multilayer films initially contain an additive that gives the final product a sticky character. During recycling, this additive is still present and migrates to the surface. A particular emphasis has been placed on understanding and studying the migration mechanisms of this additive according to the molecular architecture of the polyethylenes used with different branching content. Model blends, with or without mineral fillers, were prepared for this purpose. In addition to morphological and microstructural studies, original experimental methodologies have been set up to study the migration/diffusion kinetics with tribo-rheometry and film surface's "tack" monitoring devices. As for the rheological behaviour in shear and elongation, it is influenced by the presence of this additive. The second part of this study was devoted to understanding the realities of the recycling activity of other polypropylene- and polyethylene-based multilayer films. Given the complexity of these materials, we chose to study equivalent model blends by combining them with physical compatibilizers. The influence of the latter on the rheological, morphological and mechanical properties was then evaluated. This study was then transposed to postconsumption multiphase systems. The last studies were devoted to a future-oriented approach. This involves going from eco-design to the development of easily recyclable multimicro/ nanolayers. The originality of this study consists in limiting the number of constituents, reducing/controlling the thickness of the layers and avoiding the use of tie-layers. Finally, their rheological, morphological and mechanical properties have been evaluated according to number and type of mechanical recycling cycles
Cinkilic, Emre. "Alloy Design and Precipitation Modeling of High Fe Concentration Recycled Cast Aluminum Alloys for Structural Applications". The Ohio State University, 2019. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=osu1555599698005398.
Pełny tekst źródłaBouarroudj, Mohamed ElKarim. "Utilisation de matériaux naturels modèles pour la formulation de mortier contenant des sables et des fines de granulats recyclés". Thesis, Ecole nationale supérieure Mines-Télécom Lille Douai, 2019. http://www.theses.fr/2019MTLD0016.
Pełny tekst źródłaRecycled concrete aggregates (RCA) are not enough used in the construction sector, mainly because of their high water absorption capacity. These fine particles are composed of crushed natural aggregate and adherent hardened cement paste. The first part of this work consists in valuing particles smaller than 4 mm of an RCA in a mortar composition. Thus, the fresh and hardened behavior of mortar performed with recycled fine aggregate and model natural aggregate have been compared. The natural model fine aggregate has been performed to have an equivalent physical characteristics with the recycled one. This approach helped to understand the hardened behavior of the mortar made with recycled fine aggregate. The second part of this work consists in finding a recovery track for particles smaller than 125 μm of RCA, the goal is to use them as mineral addition. A characterization work show that the recycled powder is porous, thus a theoretical model and an experimental methodology allowing to estimate this porosity are developed. Finally, a comparison between mortar made with a limestone powder, and a recycled powder are compared. The results show that the recycled powder can be used as mineral additive in mortar composition
Jamshidi, Mohammadsadegh. "A process for recycling thermosetting foams and the incorporation of recycled foams into structural composite panels". Thesis, Queen Mary, University of London, 2009. http://qmro.qmul.ac.uk/xmlui/handle/123456789/581.
Pełny tekst źródłaNguyen, Viet Hung. "Effects of laboratory mixing methods and RAP materials on performance of hot recycled asphalt mixtures". Thesis, University of Nottingham, 2009. http://eprints.nottingham.ac.uk/10863/.
Pełny tekst źródłaJayakody, Arachchige Shiran Pradeep. "Investigation on characteristics and performance of recycled concrete aggregates as granular materials for unbound pavements". Thesis, Queensland University of Technology, 2014. https://eprints.qut.edu.au/78131/1/Shiran%20Pradeep_Jayakody%20Arachchige_Thesis.pdf.
Pełny tekst źródłaFahd, Faisal. "Risk assessment approach for evaluating recycled material use in road construction : a pilot study /". Connect to full text in OhioLINK ETD Center, 2008. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc%5Fnum=toledo1230027556.
Pełny tekst źródłaTypescript. "Submitted as partial fulfillment of the requirements for Masters of Science degree in Civil Engineering." "A thesis entitled"--at head of title. Bibliography: leaves 90-92.
Delaware, Kamil. "Construction and demolition waste management : assessment of demand and supply of recycled materials in the Western Cape". Bachelor's thesis, University of Cape Town, 2003. http://hdl.handle.net/11427/15416.
Pełny tekst źródłaConcern for environmental degradation has been a motivating factor in the efforts to reuse or recycle construction and demolition waste. The intention is not only to reduce environmental desecration, but also to recycle the construction and demolition waste into potential building materials to be reused elsewhere. This study investigated the supply and demand of recycled construction materials in the Western Cape, and aimed to determine the perception held by important stakeholders about these materials. A qualitative analysis of the case study results revealed that poor waste management plans implemented on construction and demolition sites have affected the quality, supply and price of recycled materials. In addition to this it was also revealed that the negative perceptions regarding recycled materials were the major barriers to creating an established secondary market. Inadequate knowledge and experience were major contributors to resistance to change of perceptions. A case study was conducted on Malans Quarries Recyclers in order to determine the supply of raw materials (construction and demolition waste) reaching the recycling plant; the supply of recycled materials to the end user (consumer); and the recycling process that takes place. A sample of fifteen respondents from a variety of large, medium and small construction contractors, as well as consultants and civil engineering companies, completed a questionnaire to determine the demand for and perceptions about these materials. The qualitative analysis of the results of the questionnaires showed that the majority of respondents still preferred to use primary materials over recycled materials. However, it appears that the gap between respondents who prefer to use primary materials, and those who utilize recycled materials, has narrowed in comparison to results obtained in previous studies. It seems that there may be more usage of recycled materials in the future. The results also revealed that tax cuts, could be a good economic incentive to encourage the use of recycled material. The questionnaire results also revealed that the majority of the respondents believed that landfill taxes where not effective in discouraging the illegal dumping of waste, and that the lack advertisements, and difficulties in obtaining recycled materials played a crucial role in the under-use of recycled materials.
Alvarez, Cabrera Anthony Robert Jingary, i Gonzales Jose Antonio Sosa. "Mejoramiento de las propiedades mecánicas de un suelo arcilloso de alta plasticidad del Caserío Bello Horizonte, distrito de Curimaná, departamento de Ucayali, adicionando pet reciclado". Bachelor's thesis, Universidad Peruana de Ciencias Aplicadas (UPC), 2020. http://hdl.handle.net/10757/653122.
Pełny tekst źródłaTo the problems posed by clay soils of high plasticity, such as vulnerability to variations in volume, producing differential settlements causing damage to structures, it is due to factors such as this it was decided to seek an alternative enhancement to parameters such as increased resistance, friction angle and cohesion of a high plasticity clay soil (CH). In the execution of civil works, these parameters generally do not conform to the requirements of the project, for that reason should seek a solution for the stability of the soil involved in any construction. The constant search for improving environmental conditions has led to the use of waste plastic to reinforce the soil and improve its mechanical and physical properties. That is why according to our proposal we try to increase data for the use of this alternative material as a soil improvement proposal, obtaining interesting and different results to that found in other investigations that used similar materials. We chose crushing polyethylene terephthalate (PET) obtaining a recycled PET 3-5 mm length as a reinforcing material to stabilize and improve the mechanical properties of the soil. According to the standard proctor and direct shear tests, it was determined that the optimal percentage of addition is 1% because a better behavior of the study material was observed with respect to the other mixtures analyzed with 0.5%, 2.5% and 3.5%.
Tesis
Nguyen, Vu Nam. "Valorisation de fines et granulats issus de bétons recyclés comme matériaux cimentaires : Enhancement of fine and aggregate issued from recycled concrete as cementitious materials". Thesis, Toulouse 3, 2016. http://www.theses.fr/2016TOU30058/document.
Pełny tekst źródłaThe concrete consumption has been becoming more and more important due to the increase of urbanization requiring the rehabilitation and the construction of buildings and infrastructure. Nevertheless, the concrete production that accompanies the urban development leads to many environmental problems related to the preservation of natural resources which are not inexhaustible. Despite of recycling efforts, most of recycled materials are typically used for road works or embankment. By participating in the French National Project Recybéton, this thesis aims to assess the enhancement of recycling materials issued from deconstructed concretes by incorporating them in new concrete design. Two types of recycled materials will be studied, the powder produced in large quantities during the crushing phase of demolished concrete, and the aggregates (sand and gravel) whose the most part issued from the initial natural aggregates. Therefore, research study aims to quantify the properties of cementitious materials in various states by the use of: • recycled aggregates in the granular skeleton, grinded recycled concrete sand and powder of dust removal as supplementary cementing materials. The first part is dedicated to the study of the influence of moisture states of recycled aggregates (sand and gravel) on the concrete's rheology evolution in time and the study of their impact on 28 days compressive strength. The results obtained within the limit of experimental context will allow suggesting recommendations on the initial moisture state of recycled aggregates and their incorporation's rate in the concrete mix. The second part presents the evaluation of the feasibility of using grinded recycled concrete sand and crushed concrete powder (industrially recovered) as supplementary cementing materials. From the results, it will be possible to assess the extent that these fines are compatible with cement matrix in the fresh state, hardening state and hardened state. The third part proposes a way to limit the problem of Alkali-Aggregate Reaction (AAR) in recycled concrete. The strategy is based on two methods. The first insists to verify the applicability of the FD P18-464 documentation when using recycled aggregates. The second examines the interest in the use of mineral additives to limit or even prevent the AAR
Shaheen, Ehab T. "Long Term Performance of Corrugated HDPE Pipes Produced with Post-Consumer Recycled Materials Under Constant Deflection". Ohio University / OhioLINK, 2018. http://rave.ohiolink.edu/etdc/view?acc_num=ohiou1541422245636659.
Pełny tekst źródłaChatzikos, Nikolaos. "Influence of fluxing agent on the quality of recycled Aluminium billets". Thesis, KTH, Materialvetenskap, 2018. http://urn.kb.se/resolve?urn=urn:nbn:se:kth:diva-231166.
Pełny tekst źródłaKvaliteten hos aluminiumgöt är starkt beroende av renheten i materialet. Hydro Extruded Solutions gjuter rundgöt i Sjunnen, som sedan levereras för strängpressning inom samma företag. För att producera strängpressade profiler av hög kvalitet och även upprätthålla pressverktygen, är en bra metod att hålla göten så fria från inneslutningar som möjligt. Ett flussmedel, i form av saltföreningar, används för att rena materialet under smältningen, men också för att skydda den från vidare oxidation. En annan uppgift som flussmedel har är att minimera mängden aluminium i slaggfasen. Syftet med detta projekt var att undersöka om flussmedelet som används av omsmältverket har någon inverkan på götkvaliteten. Därför, för detta ändamål har prover med en varierande mängd av flussmedel tillverkats i omsmältverket för att bli undersökta. Dessa prover undersöktes med den Optiskt Mikroskopiska-metoden för att bestämma areafraktionen av icke-metalliska inneslutningar inuti dem. Resultaten avslöjade inte någon signifikant skillnad i kvaliteten hos de olika proverna eftersom de flesta prover erhöll ett lågt OM-index efter undersökningen. Detta kan förklaras av vilken typ av skrot som användes, då process-skrot oftast är väldigt rent och består av mindre mängder innseslutningar.